JP2005273575A - Power generator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power generator 100 capable of rotating relatively promptly even at a small flow rate and generating expected amount of electric power, without weakening magnetic force of a permanent magnet 3 itself. <P>SOLUTION: An elastic body capable of weakening magnetic coupling of stator coils 4 and the permanent magnet 3 by lengthening the distance between them in the state where water does not flow and of strengthening the magnetic coupling of the stator coils 4 and the permanent magnet 3 by shortening the distance between them in accordance with water pressure if a predetermined flow rate per unit time is made to flow is arranged in a water supply source A side or a water discharge port B side of a water wheel 2. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a power generation device that generates electricity by rotating a water turbine by a water flow such as tap water, and more particularly to a structure of a power generation device using an axial flow type water turbine.

  Conventionally, in this type of power generation device, as described in Patent Document 1, a device including power generation means using a Francis type water turbine is known.

  In this Francis type water wheel, a rotating shaft is passed through a disk-shaped back plate, and blade parts having a plurality of blades are provided radially on the lower surface of the back plate, and permanent magnets are fixed to the blade parts. It is a thing and is arrange | positioned in a water channel so that the water flow which flows through a water channel may go straight to a rotating shaft from the outer peripheral direction of a water turbine.

When a water flow occurs in the water channel, the water flow hits the blade component and the water wheel rotates. As the water turbine rotates, the permanent magnet also rotates to change the flow of magnetic flux from the permanent magnet, and current flows through the stator coil in a direction that prevents this change, and power generation is performed.
Japanese Patent Application No. 2003-110315

  However, as is well known, an attractive force that attracts each other by the magnetic force is generated between the permanent magnet and the stator coil, so that the flow rate of the water flow from the water supply source to the water outlet is only a rotational torque of the water turbine that is smaller than this attractive force. If the flow rate is not high, rotation may be blocked or reduced by the attractive force generated by the magnetic force between the permanent magnet and the stator coil.

  In order not to fall into such a situation, if the magnetic force of the permanent magnet is weakened so that the water turbine can immediately rotate even with a small flow rate, there is a possibility that the expected power generation amount cannot be obtained.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and has an object to provide a power generation device that can rotate relatively quickly even with a small flow rate and can generate a power generation amount as expected without weakening the magnetic force of a permanent magnet. To do.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention employs the following technical means.

The power generation device according to claim 1 is provided in a water channel (1) from a water supply source (A) to a water outlet (B), and generates power by rotating a water turbine (2) by running water in the water channel (1). Because
The power generation means includes a water turbine (2), a permanent magnet (3) fixed to the water turbine (2), and a stator coil (4) that generates an electromotive force by rotation of the permanent magnet (3).
It is disposed on the water supply source (A) side or the water discharge port (B) side of the water turbine (2) and rotatably supports the rotating shaft (2b) of the water wheel (2), and the rotating shaft (2b) is connected to the rotating shaft ( 2b) first and second guides (1a, 1b) configured to reciprocate in the axial direction and configured to be able to circulate running water;
It is arranged between the first guide (1a) and the turbine (2) or between the second guide (1b) and the turbine (2) so that the turbine (2) is separated from the stator coil (4). , By moving in a predetermined axial direction, weakening the magnetic coupling relationship between the permanent magnet (3) fixed to the water turbine (2) and the stator coil (4),
A permanent magnet fixed to the water turbine (2) by moving the water turbine (2) in a predetermined axial direction so that the water turbine (2) and the stator coil are brought close to each other according to the pressure of flowing water in the water channel (1). (3) and an elastic body (5 or 6) that expands and contracts so as to strengthen the magnetic coupling relationship between the stator coil (4) is provided.

  According to the present invention, the elastic body moves in the axial direction so as to move away from the stator coil during normal times (when there is no water flow), so that the magnetic coupling relationship between the stator coil and the permanent magnet is weakened.

  For this reason, immediately after the start of water flow from the water supply source A to the discharge port B, that is, even when the water flow is weak, the attractive force due to the magnetic force acting between the permanent magnet and the stator coil is small. It becomes difficult to prevent rotation from being prevented or reduced by the attractive force (that is, it becomes easier to rotate).

  However, as the water flow increases, the water pressure on the water wheel gradually increases. In accordance with the increased water pressure, the elastic body moves in the axial direction so as to bring the turbine and the stator coil closer in proportion to the increase in water pressure.

  When the water turbine moves in the axial direction so as to approach the stator coil, it is possible to expect a power generation amount close to the expected value. In other words, it is possible to rotate the water turbine relatively quickly even with a small flow rate without weakening the magnetic force of the permanent magnet, and to obtain a power generation amount close to the expected value.

  The elastic body (5) in the power generator according to claim 2 is a compression spring (5).

  According to the present invention, the elastic body 5 can be configured at low cost.

  The elastic body (6) in the power generator according to claim 3 is an extension spring (6).

  According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain an effect equivalent to the effect of the invention described in claim 2.

  The permanent magnet (3) in the power generator according to claim 4 is provided on the outer periphery of the water turbine (2).

  According to the present invention, since the distance between the permanent magnet (3) and the stator coil (4) is shortened, it is possible to generate power with high efficiency when the water turbine (2) rotates.

  Both ends (5a, 5b or 6a, 6b) of the elastic body (5 or 6) in the power generator according to claim 5 are the first guide (1a) or the second guide (1b) and the water wheel (2). And slidably contact with each other.

  According to the present invention, since the frictional resistance between the water wheel and the elastic body when the water wheel rotates can be reduced, the rotation efficiency of the water wheel can be increased.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

(Constitution)
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of the power generation device 100. This power generation device 100 is disposed in a water pipe 1 provided from a water supply source A to a water outlet B.

  The power generation apparatus 100 includes a first guide 1a, a second guide 1b, a water wheel 2, a permanent magnet 3, a stator coil 4, and a coil spring 6.

  The first guide 1a and the second guide 1b have the same shape, and both are provided in the water pipe 1 so as to be substantially orthogonal to the flow direction of the water flow flowing through the water pipe 1. The first guide 1a Is a guide member that supports one end 2b1 of the rotating shaft 2b, which will be described later, and a second guide 1b that supports the other end 2b2 of the rotating shaft 2b.

  Although it is provided so as to be substantially orthogonal to the water flow, the area serving as the resistance of the water flow is minimized so as not to hinder the flow of the water flow as much as possible, and is provided only to support the rotating shaft 2b.

  The first guide 1 a is provided on the water supply source A side of the water turbine 2 described later, and the second guide 1 b is provided on the water outlet B side of the water turbine 2. In other words, the first and second guides 1a and 1b are configured to sandwich a water turbine 2 described later. Since the first guide 1a and the second guide 1b have the same shape as described above, FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the first guide 1a.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b), the water turbine 2 is an axial flow type water wheel, and is fixed with a stainless steel rotating shaft 2b penetrating through a polyacetal water turbine body 2a. Yes. And in the turbine main body 2a, a plurality of (for example, four) blade portions 2c for applying a water flow from the water supply source A are radially provided outside the rotating shaft 2b.

  Thereby, it is formed so that the water flow from the water supply source A can easily apply the energy of the amount of water swirling with respect to the axial direction of the water turbine 2.

  Further, the water turbine 2 is formed with an outer cylindrical portion 2d and a protruding portion 2d1 having a belt-like circumference on the outside of the blade portion 2c.

  A permanent magnet 3 having a substantially cylindrical shape is fixed so as to be in contact with the end surfaces of the outer cylindrical portion 2d and the protruding portion 2d1.

  Therefore, the water flow from the water supply source A is configured to flow inside the outer cylindrical portion 2 d and the permanent magnet 3. The permanent magnet 3 is alternately magnetized with N and S poles in the circumferential direction of the water turbine 2. This permanent magnet always emits a predetermined magnetic field α as shown in FIG.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a yoke 4 a made of a soft magnetic material is fixed to an exterior portion of the water pipe 1 on the outer peripheral side of the permanent magnet 3 by a fastening member (not shown). .

  A coil bobbin 4c around which a stator coil 4b is wound is mounted inside the yoke 4a. The stator coil 4b is connected to an external power storage means (not shown) via a terminal (not shown).

  In this way, the water wheel 2 and the permanent magnet 4 are arranged at positions where the water flowing in the water pipe 1 directly hits. Therefore, by flowing the water flow flowing from the water supply source A toward the inner peripheral side of the permanent magnet 4 during flowing water, the water wheel 2 and the permanent magnet 4 can be rotated by applying the water flow to the blade portion 2c.

  The coil spring 6 is an extension spring disposed so that the rotary shaft 2b is inserted between the second guide 1b and the water wheel 2 described above.

  One end portion 6a of the coil spring 6 is slidably contacted with the turbine body 2a, and the other end portion 6b is slidably contacted with the second guide 1b.

  Specifically, one end 6a of the coil spring 6 and the turbine body 2a, and the other end 6b of the coil spring 6 and the second guide 1b are both made of a member having a low frictional resistance, such as a resin. Even when the water turbine 2 starts to rotate at a high speed, it is configured such that resistance to rotation or reduction due to friction generated between the water turbine 2 and the coil spring 6 is less likely to occur.

  When water does not flow from the water supply source A toward the water outlet B, that is, when no water pressure is applied to the water wheel 2, the shaft of the rotary shaft 2b is moved by a predetermined distance C from the second guide 1b toward the water supply source A. When the water wheel 2 is pushed up (moved) along the direction and a predetermined amount of water flows from the water supply source A to the water outlet B per unit time, that is, when a predetermined water pressure is applied to the water wheel 2, the rotation shaft 2b It is comprised so that only the distance C may shrink along an axial direction.

  This distance C may be expressed as the degree of expansion and contraction of the coil spring 6. This is because the distance C is the difference between the length L1 when the coil spring 6 is fully extended and the length L2 when the coil spring 6 contracts due to the water wheel 2 receiving a predetermined water pressure.

  This distance C is a distance sufficient to weaken the magnetic coupling between the stator coil 4b and the permanent magnet 3 described above. Incidentally, the coil spring 6 corresponds to an extension spring shown in the claims.

(Operation)
In the power generation apparatus 100 having the above-described configuration, an operation capable of rotating relatively quickly even with a small flow rate and generating the power generation amount as expected without weakening the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 3 will be described below with reference to FIG. explain.

  FIG. 4A is an explanatory diagram of the initial power generation apparatus 100 in which water begins to flow from the water supply source A. FIG.

  FIG. 4B is an explanatory diagram of the power generation apparatus 100 when a predetermined amount of water starts to flow from the water supply source A per unit time.

  As shown in FIG. 4A, the water turbine 2 constituting the power generation apparatus 100 has moved by a length L <b> 1 in the direction of the water supply source A due to the extension of the coil spring 6.

  Therefore, the magnetic field α emitted by the permanent magnet 3 fixed to the water turbine 2 is also moving in the direction of the water supply source A. As a result, a part of the stator coil 4 is out of the magnetic field α. In other words, the attractive force due to the magnetic force between the permanent magnet 3 and the stator coil 4 is weakened by the distance between them.

  In this state, even if the water pressure applied to the water turbine 2 flowing from the water supply source A is weak, the water turbine 2 receives only a small resistance, so that it can start rotating smoothly.

  Moreover, since it is the beginning which began to flow, the water pressure applied to the water turbine 2 is also weak. That is, since it is difficult to shrink the coil spring 6 by water pressure, the axial position of the water turbine 2 is a position where the coil spring 6 is pushed up by the length L1 toward the water supply source A.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), when a predetermined amount of water starts to flow from the water supply source A per unit time, that is, when a predetermined water pressure is applied to the turbine 2, the turbine 2 is more than the extension force of the coil spring 6. Since the water pressure applied to the coil spring 6 is larger, the coil spring 6 contracts to the length L2.

  When the coil spring 6 contracts to the length L2, that is, when the turbine 2 moves in the direction of the outlet B by a distance C, the magnetic field α emitted by the permanent magnet 3 fixed to the turbine 2 also moves in the direction of the outlet B.

  When the magnetic field α moves in the direction of the water outlet B by the distance C, the stator coil 4 completely enters the magnetic field α. That is, the distance between the permanent magnet 3 and the stator coil 4 is reduced.

  When the distance between the two becomes closer, the attractive force due to the magnetic force increases correspondingly. However, at this time, the rotation of the water turbine 2 has already been rotated by a considerable rotational force due to the inertial force, so the permanent magnet 3 and the stator coil 4 There is little possibility that rotation will be stopped or diminished to the extent that the suction force is increased.

  The fact that the attractive force due to the magnetic force has increased means that the change in the flow of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 3 becomes so intense that the current flows in the stator coil 4 in a direction that prevents this change, that is, the power generation amount as expected is generated. That is.

(Function and effect)
With the configuration and operation described above, it is possible to provide the power generation apparatus 100 that can rotate relatively quickly even with a small flow rate and can generate the power generation amount as expected without weakening the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 3. Become.

  In the present embodiment, the difference between the length L1 when the coil spring 6 is expanded and the length L2 when the coil spring 6 is shortened, that is, the distance C, is described as a distance necessary for a part of the stator coil 4 to deviate from the magnetic field α. However, the distance from which all the stator coils 4 deviate from the magnetic field α is better.

  Further, the water turbine 2 constituting the power generation apparatus 100 as described above often rotates not only for power generation but also for rotation for measuring the flow rate.

  For this reason, if the configuration and the operation described above cause only a small water pressure, that is, if only a small flow rate flows, the water turbine 2 is prevented from rotating or reduced by the attractive force between the permanent magnet 3 and the stator coil 4. The possibility is reduced, and even with a small flow rate that brings only a small water pressure to the water turbine 2, it is possible to reliably rotate with high responsiveness.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, although the case where the coil spring 6 as an extension spring was arrange | positioned between the water wheel 2 and the 2nd guide 1b was shown, as another example which brings about the same effect, it shows in FIG. As described above, when a pulling spring 5 having a shortening property is disposed between the first guide 1a and the water turbine 2, and when the water pressure applied to the water wheel 2 is low, a part or all of the stator coil 4 has a magnetic field α. When the water turbine 2 is always positioned by pulling it toward the water supply source A so as to be detached from the water turbine 2 and a predetermined water pressure is applied to the water turbine 2, the pulling force is lost, and the pulling spring 5 causes almost all of the stator coil 4 to be magnetic. You may make it extend so that it may be located in (alpha).

  Further, a thrust washer (not shown) for reducing wear due to friction may be inserted between the rotary shaft 2b and the second guide 1b.

It is a schematic block diagram of the electric power generating apparatus 100 which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of the 1st guide 1a which concerns on embodiment of this invention. (A) is a perspective view which shows the shape of the water wheel 2 and the permanent magnet 3 which concerns on embodiment of this invention, (b) is a disassembled perspective view which shows the structure of the water wheel 2 and the permanent magnet 3. As shown in FIG. (A) is explanatory drawing of the electric power generating apparatus 100 when the coil spring 6 is length L1, (b) is explanatory drawing of the electric power generating apparatus 100 when the coil spring 6 is length L2.

Explanation of symbols

1 Water Pipe 2 Water Mill 3 Permanent Magnet 4 Stator Coil 5 Pulling Spring (Extension Spring)
6 Coil spring (compression spring)
100 Power generation device (power generation means)
A Water supply source B Water outlet

Claims (5)

A power generation means that is provided in a water channel (1) from a water supply source (A) to a water outlet (B) and that generates electricity by rotating a water turbine (2) by running water of the water channel (1),
The power generation means includes the water turbine (2), a permanent magnet (3) fixed to the water wheel (2), and a stator coil (4) that generates an electromotive force by the rotation of the permanent magnet (3). Configured,
The water turbine (2) is disposed on the water supply source (A) side or the water outlet (B) side, and rotatably supports the rotating shaft (2b) of the water wheel (2), and the rotating shaft (2b) is supported. First and second guides (1a, 1b) configured to reciprocate in the axial direction of the rotating shaft (2b) and configured to be able to circulate running water;
Between the first guide (1a) and the turbine (2) or between the second guide (1b) and the turbine (2), the turbine (2) is connected to the stator coil ( 4) and moving in a predetermined axial direction so as to be separated from the stator coil (4) and weakening the magnetic coupling relationship between the permanent magnet (3) and the stator coil (4),
According to the pressure of the flowing water in the water channel (1), the water wheel (2) is moved in a predetermined axial direction so that the water wheel (2) and the stator coil are brought close to each other, and the water wheel (2) is fixed to the water wheel (2). A power generator comprising an elastic body (5 or 6) that expands and contracts so as to strengthen a magnetic coupling relationship between the permanent magnet (3) and the stator coil (4). The power generator according to claim 1, wherein the elastic body (5) is a compression spring (5). The power generator according to claim 1, wherein the elastic body (6) is an extension spring (6). The said permanent magnet (3) is provided in the outer periphery of the said water turbine (2), The electric power generating apparatus in any one of the Claims 1 thru | or 3 characterized by the above-mentioned. Both ends (5a, 5b or 6a, 6b) of the elastic body (5 or 6) are slidable with the first guide (1a) or the second guide (1b) and the water wheel (2). The power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the power generation device is in contact with the power generation device.

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