JP2005273380A - Air-conditioning structure using water containers - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To secure the same thermal efficiency as a conventional cooling / heating structure using a water container, in which the heat capacity of the water container can be freely set.
An underfloor space 7 is formed at a lower portion of a floor portion 6 of a house, and a water container 1 and a floor portion 6 arranged on an upper portion of a heat insulating material 8 are not in close contact with each other, and a heat transfer space is provided between them. 7a is formed. The water W in the water container 1 is heated by a heat source such as an electric heater EH. Due to the heat of the water W, a convection S1 is generated in the heat transfer space 7a and is transferred to the floor 6 and is transferred from the floor 6 to the indoor space 5 as the convection S2. Further, heat radiation R1 is generated from the water container 1, and the floor portion 6 is also warmed by the heat radiation R1. As a result, the indoor space 5 is warmed as heat radiation R2. Convection and heat radiation achieve the same heat transfer efficiency as a conventional water container with a floor close contact.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a cooling / heating structure for heating or cooling an internal space of a structure by being formed below a floor surface of a building structure such as a house.

  By placing a container filled with water or a similar liquid at the lower part of the floor of a house, etc., and heating or cooling the liquid in the container, a positive amount of heat is transferred through the floor to indoors. Several structures including the proposals of the inventors have been proposed for heating the space or for cooling by transferring a negative amount of heat.

8 and 9 show a configuration state of an indoor air-conditioning structure that the inventors have previously proposed (these proposals will be described later as Patent Documents 1 to 3).
In the figure, a joist 52 is formed in the lower part of the floor of the house, and the joist 52 is configured to support the entire floor.

  The water containers 1 are respectively disposed in the spaces formed by the joists 52 and the underfloor support members 53 fixed to the lower ends of the joists 52, and these water containers are sealed after being filled with water. An electric heater EH is disposed as a heat source at the bottom of each water container 1.

  In the above configuration, the heat of the electric heater EH is transmitted into each water container 1, and the water W in the water container 1 (hereinafter, including liquids obtained by adding antifreeze etc. to water, including examples) is also water. With this heat, convection is generated, and the temperature of the water in the entire water container 1 is made uniform and is transmitted to the room through the floor plate 51 to heat the room. If a means for cooling the water W in the water container 1 is arranged for the same reason, the room can be cooled through the floor surface.

Since the air conditioning structure using the water container 1 performs air conditioning using a substance having a large specific heat such as water, the heat capacity of the water container 1 is very large. As a result, the room can be stably heated or cooled. . Moreover, even if it is a small area heat source which contacts only a small surface of the water container 1 as in the illustrated electric heater EH, the entire water container 1 is uniformly warmed by the convection of the water W in the water container 1. Compared to a type in which hot water pipes are arranged on the entire floor surface, the construction is easier and the entire floor surface can be uniformly heated with a high heat capacity.
Japanese Patent Application No. 5-135178 Japanese Patent Application No. 5-19983 Japanese Patent Application No. 10-42981

  Although the air conditioning structure proposed by the inventors shown in the above patent documents has various excellent points, the configuration of the above patent document cannot always fulfill its purpose sufficiently while many constructions are performed. A case has occurred.

  First, the air conditioning structure using a water container proposed by the inventors has a very high heat capacity because it uses water with the maximum specific heat, but it is necessary to obtain a higher heat capacity. Needs to make the volume of the water container 1 larger. However, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, each water container 1 is housed in a space formed by the joists 52 and the underfloor support member 53, so that a volume larger than this space cannot be obtained. That is, the heat capacity of each water container 1 is naturally limited by the volume of the space in which the water container 1 is stored.

  In construction, water W is injected into empty water containers 1 arranged in each space, and the water container 1 is sealed when the entire water container 1 is filled in the space. After the sealing of each water container 1 is completed in this way, a floor surface is formed on the surface of each water container 1 by nailing the floor board 51 to the joist 52. When nailing the floor board 51, several accidents have occurred in which the nail is accidentally pierced into the water container 1 to cause water leakage. If there is a large amount of water leak, it can be immediately noticed at the time of construction, but it is very difficult to find that it is a very slight water leak (a device for detecting the occurrence of this water leak accident has been filed separately). There is a possibility that problems such as corrosion of the joists 52 and the underfloor support member 53 may occur in the long term.

The present invention is an air conditioning structure configured to solve the above problems while maintaining the advantages of the air conditioning structure using the water container.
That is, according to the present invention, an integrated space (hereinafter referred to as “underfloor space”) for arranging a water container is formed below the floor of a structure such as a house, and the underfloor space is disposed in the underfloor space. The space is sufficiently high so that a space is formed between the water container and the floor, and the heat of the heated or cooled water container is radiated or convected through the space through the space. It is the air-conditioning structure comprised so that the indoor space of the floor upper part may be heated or cooled by heat-transferring to a part.

  Since the present invention has a configuration in which a water container is installed through a heat transfer space with respect to an underfloor space of a structure such as a house, the capacity of the water container can be freely set. As a result, the water container The heat capacity can be set to a desired value, and more efficient cooling and heating can be achieved than in the past.

  Since the water container is not in contact with the floor, the construction can be performed safely and quickly without damaging the water container with nails or the like when the floor is constructed.

  Conventionally, the heat in the water container is indirectly transferred to the indoor space via the floor, but if a vent hole is formed to connect the heat transfer space and the indoor space, the air in the heat transfer space is transferred. Can be introduced directly into the indoor space.

  An underfloor space is formed in the lower part of the floor of a structure such as a house. In the lower part of the underfloor space, a heat insulating material is arranged, or in addition to this heat insulating material, a heat storage material different from the water container such as concrete is formed. The water container placed in the underfloor space is heated (cooled) and stored in water, and the stored heat is transferred to the floor through the space between the water container and the floor by radiation or convection, and the floor It is comprised so that it may be transmitted to the room | chamber interior of a floor part via a part.

Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a diagram conceptually showing a house that implements an air conditioning structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In addition, since it is a conceptual diagram, the foundation part of an actual house, the structure of a wall, the structure of a roof, etc. are abbreviate | omitted except what is necessary in order to demonstrate this invention.

  The house consists of a roof part 2, a wall part 3, a window part 4 formed in a part of the wall part 3, and an indoor space 5 defined by the floor part 6, the roof part 2, the wall part 3 and the floor part 6. This is a general configuration. An underfloor space 7 is formed in the underfloor portion that forms the foundation of the house. The volume of the underfloor space 7 is not particularly limited, but is configured such that a sufficient space is formed between the floor portion 6 and the water container 1 when the water container 1 is disposed. In addition, the space between the water container 1 arrange | positioned in the said space 7 and the floor part 6 among the underfloor space 7 is hereafter called the heat-transfer space 7a.

  In the illustrated configuration, an electric heater EH is disposed as a heat source for the water container 1. Reference numeral 8 denotes a heat insulating material, which is configured to insulate the ground where the house is installed and the underfloor space to ensure the heat retaining property of the underfloor space. However, this heat insulating material 8 is not necessarily required in the case of soil with low moisture, such as the ground being away from the water vein.

Next, the function of the above-described cooling / heating structure will be described mainly using heating as an example.
The water W in each water container 1 is heated by an electric heater EH as a heat source, and the entire water container 1 is uniformly heated by convection. In the heat transfer space 7a of the underfloor space 7 due to the temperature rise of the water container 1, air convection S1 is generated to heat the floor portion 6. At the same time, the floor 6 is also heated by the heat radiation R1 from the water container 1. Further, the heat is radiated from the heated floor 6 to the indoor space 5 by the convection S2 and the heat radiation R2, and the indoor space 5 is heated.

Here, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the inventors are most effective in terms of heat transfer efficiency when the water container 1 is in contact with the floor 6 to directly transfer heat to the room through the floor 6. I thought.
Prior to making the present invention, the inventors measured the degree of heat transfer into the room in a configuration in which heat is transferred between the floor 6 and the water container 1 via the heat transfer space 7a as shown in FIG. . As a result, it was confirmed that the heat transfer to the room was not different from the configuration in which the water container 1 was in close contact with the floor. The inventors have predicted that the contact type has higher heat transfer efficiency as described above, but it has been confirmed that the presence or absence of the heat transfer space 7a actually does not affect the heat transfer efficiency. That is, it has been confirmed that the efficiency of heat transfer to the floor portion by convection and radiation has the same efficiency as the heat conduction by close contact of the conventional configuration.

  In the above configuration, since a sufficiently large space is to be secured as the underfloor space 7, the volume of the water container 1 can be freely determined based on the required heat capacity. In addition, the problem of damage due to the nail when the floor plate is attached does not naturally occur, and even if water leaks from the water container for any reason, the problem of corrosion of the joists and the underfloor support member does not occur.

FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment.
Reference numeral 9 denotes a concrete layer as a heat storage layer, and the heat insulating material 8 is disposed below the heat storage layer 9 to thermally isolate the underfloor space 7 including the heat storage layer 9 from the ground. Further, in the illustrated configuration, the heat insulating material 8 is disposed only in the lower part of the heat storage layer 9, but it is also possible to place it on the side of the heat storage layer 9.

  The concrete layer is attracting attention for its relatively high heat storage property and has been used as a heat storage material. Also in the case of the present embodiment, the heat of the water W in the water container 1 or the heat of the electric heater EH is directly transferred to the heat storage layer 9 which is the concrete layer to store the heat in the heat storage layer 9. By storing heat with a large heat capacity, a large amount of heat is transferred to the indoor space 5. In this embodiment as well, heat from the water container 1 and the heat storage layer 9 is transferred to the indoor space 5 through the floor 6 by convection, heat radiation, etc., but the configuration in FIG. Display of the convection S or radiation R as shown is not displayed including the following examples unless particularly required.

FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment. Reference numeral 10 denotes a heat transfer duct, which is formed and arranged so as to be substantially orthogonal to each of the water containers 1 arranged in parallel in the depth direction of the figure.
When supplying warm air to the heat transfer duct 10, various heat sources can be considered. For example, in the case of home cooking, exhaust that is directly discharged to the outside by a ventilator during cooking in the kitchen (which is exhausted at a considerably high temperature by using a stove or the like) is guided to the heat transfer duct 10 or is expected in the future. When introducing a household fuel cell, waste heat can be used by introducing heat generated by power generation to the duct 10. In addition, when such waste heat is insufficient as a heat source, it is possible to use a heat source such as electric heat or gas combustion.

  In the above configuration, since the heat transfer ducts 10 are arranged in parallel and are positioned so as to be orthogonal to the plurality of water containers 1, the contact portion between each water container 1 and the heat transfer duct 10 is a part of each water container 1. However, as described above, the entire water container 1 is uniformly warmed by the circulating flow of the water W in the water container 1.

  FIG. 4 shows a fourth embodiment. This embodiment shows a configuration in which the heat source is specified in the configuration of the third embodiment.

  The south surface side of the roof part 2 is a heat collecting part 2a that heats the heat by the sunlight L for a week, and the lower part of the heat collecting part 2a is a space part 2b in which the air A1 heated by the solar heat by the sunlight L rises and flows. It has become. Reference numeral 11 denotes a fan disposed at the upper end of the space 2a. The raised air A1 is forcibly lowered along the descending duct 12 by the fan 11 and has a structure similar to that shown in the third embodiment. It flows into the heat duct 10 and transfers heat to the water W in each water container 1.

  Although this embodiment mainly uses solar heat, when this amount of heat is insufficient, various heat sources shown in the above embodiments may be used in combination.

5 and 6 show a fifth embodiment.
Of the floor portion 6, a portion irradiated with sunlight L through the window portion 4 is a floor portion formed of a transparent material such as tempered glass or a translucent material such as ground glass (hereinafter referred to as “transparent”). 6a)). The installation area of the transparent floor 6a is set with reference to the winter season when the irradiation angle of the sunlight L is minimum, and the transparent floor 6a is configured to irradiate the transparent floor 6a as much as possible. Is desirable. The hatched portion in FIG. 6 shows an example of the installation state of the transparent floor portion 6a.

  A light receiving unit 13 is provided below the transparent floor 6a through a ventilation space 6b. Of the light receiving portion 13, the surface on the ventilation space 6 b side, that is, the light receiving surface for sunlight L, is made black or a dark color close thereto so as to absorb the sunlight L as much as possible. The ventilation space 6 b and the heat transfer duct 10 are connected by a descending duct 15, and a fan 14 for blowing air is installed on the upper part of the descending duct 15.

  In the above configuration, the sunlight L radiated from the window portion 4 is irradiated to the light receiving portion 13 through the transparent floor portion 6a, whereby the light receiving portion 13 is heated to raise the temperature of the air in the ventilation space portion 6b. Let The heated air A1 is introduced into the heat transfer duct 10 via the descending duct 15 by the fan 14 and raises the temperature of the water in each water container 1 arranged at the lower part of the floor. In addition, you may comprise so that the temperature rising air from the roof part shown in the said 4th Example may also be introduce | transduced into the heat transfer duct 10 with respect to a present Example.

FIG. 7 shows a sixth embodiment.
Openable and closable vents indicated by reference numerals 6c and 6d are formed in the floor 6, and the hot air in the underfloor space 7 can be directly introduced into the indoor space 5 by opening the vents. Has been.

  For example, external cold air is transferred to the indoor space 5 through the window portion 4 due to cooling at night, and descends along the window portion 4 as cold air A2. On the other hand, for example, by opening the ventilation hole 6c on the window 4 side, the heated air A3 in the underfloor space 7 is raised so as to face the cold air A2, and the temperature in the vicinity of the window is lowered. Alternatively, condensation on the window 4 is prevented. In this case, if necessary, it is also possible to prevent the temperature drop of the wall surface by appropriately opening the vent hole 6d on the wall surface side without the window portion 4. Further, in addition to such an open / close type vent hole, a slit-like vent hole is formed in the floor portion 6 so that a predetermined amount of warm air always flows from the underfloor space 7 into the indoor space 5. Good.

  Each of the above embodiments has been described mainly taking the case where the water in the water container is heated, that is, the case where the indoor space 5 is heated. However, if the means for cooling the water in the water container is arranged, each of the above configurations is the cooling means. Can also be used. For example, by arranging a pipe through which well water passes in the heat transfer duct 10, the air in the heat transfer duct 10 is cooled in the summer and the water W in the water container 1 is cooled to cool the floor surface. The method is feasible. It is also possible to take in cold air at night and cool the water W at night.

  Compared to the conventional configuration in which water containers are closely arranged on the back side of the floor surface, water containers can be arranged regardless of the size of the underfloor space, wide or narrow, and the degree of freedom in setting the capacity of the water container is greatly increased. The structure of the present invention can be used for a large-scale structure such as various public facilities and factories, in addition to a relatively small-scale structure for use.

It is sectional drawing of the house using the air-conditioning structure which shows the 1st Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the house using the air-conditioning structure which shows the 2nd Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the house using the air-conditioning structure which shows the 3rd Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the house using the air-conditioning structure which shows the 4th Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the house using the air-conditioning structure which shows the 5th Example of this invention. It is a top view of the underfloor space which shows the arrangement | positioning state of the water container shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing of the house using the air-conditioning structure which shows the 6th Example of this invention. It is a top view of the underfloor structure which shows the arrangement | positioning state of a floor part close-contact type water container. It is a cross-sectional enlarged view by the AA line of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 Water container
2 roof part 2a heat collecting part 2b space part (below heat collecting part) 3 wall part 4 window part 5 indoor space 6 floor part 6a transparent floor part 6b ventilation space part 6c, 6d ventilation hole 7 under floor space 7a heat transfer space 8 Heat insulation material 9 Heat storage layer (concrete layer)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Heat transfer duct 11 Fan 12 Lowering duct 13 Light-receiving part 14 Fan 15 Lowering duct

Claims (8)

In a cooling / heating structure that heats or cools the internal space by transferring positive or negative heat of the water filled in the water container to the internal space of the building structure via the floor, A cooling and heating structure using a water container, wherein one or more water containers are arranged, and a heat transfer space is provided between the water container arranged in the underfloor space and the floor portion. A heat storage layer is formed at the bottom of the underfloor space, each water container is configured to be placed on the heat storage layer, and the water container and the entire heat storage layer function as a heat storage material. An air conditioning structure using the water container according to claim 1. The cooling / heating structure using a water container according to claim 2, wherein the heat storage layer is a concrete layer. A series of heat transfer ducts are arranged at the lower part of each water container arranged in the underfloor space, and the water in each water container is heated or cooled by air passing through the heat transfer duct. A cooling / heating structure using the water container according to any one of claims 1 to 3. At least a part of the roof portion of the building structure is configured as a heat collecting portion, the lower space of the heat collecting portion and the heat transfer duct are connected via a descending duct, and the temperature is raised to the descending duct at the heat collecting portion. 5. A cooling / heating system using a water container according to claim 4, wherein a fan for forcibly lowering the space is arranged so that air heated by sunlight flows into the heat transfer duct. Construction. A part of the floor part is formed transparent, and a light receiving part is formed in the lower part of the transparent floor part through the ventilation space, and sunlight is irradiated to the light receiving part through the transparent part, whereby the inside of the ventilation space is formed. The air is heated so that the ventilation space and the heat transfer duct are connected by a descending duct, and the air heated in the ventilation space by a fan provided in the descending duct is forced to flow into the heat transfer duct. The cooling / heating structure using the water container according to claim 4, wherein the cooling / heating structure is configured as described above. The air conditioning structure using the water container according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a vent hole communicating with the underfloor space is formed in a part of the floor portion. 8. A cooling / heating structure using a water container according to claim 7, wherein at least a part of the vent hole is configured to be openable and closable.

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