JP2005264301A - Cast aluminum alloy, aluminum alloy casting and method for producing the same - Google Patents
Cast aluminum alloy, aluminum alloy casting and method for producing the same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【課題】永久成長が少なく、寸法安定性に優れたアルミニウム合金鋳物が得られる鋳造アルミニウム合金を提供する。
【解決手段】本発明の鋳造アルミニウム合金は、Ｓｉを含み、主たる残部がＡｌである鋳造アルミニウム合金であって、さらに、その鋳造アルミニウム合金からなる合金溶湯を冷却して凝固させる冷却凝固工程で、合金溶湯中からＳｉの晶出を促進してＡｌ基マトリックス中に固溶するＳｉ量を低減する固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素を、全体を１００質量％としたときに合計で０．０００１〜０．５質量％含み、鋳放し状態でも寸法安定性に優れたアルミニウム合金鋳物が得られることを特徴とする。固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素の添加によって、Ａｌ基マトリックス中の固溶Ｓｉ量を低減させ、寸法変化を生じさせる永久成長の原因である析出Ｓｉ量を低減させることで、アルミニウム合金鋳物の寸法安定性を高めた。
【選択図】図１The present invention provides a cast aluminum alloy that provides an aluminum alloy casting that has little permanent growth and excellent dimensional stability.
The cast aluminum alloy of the present invention is a cast aluminum alloy containing Si, the main balance being Al, and further in a cooling and solidifying step of cooling and solidifying the molten alloy made of the cast aluminum alloy. When the total amount of the solid solution Si suppression element that promotes the crystallization of Si from the molten alloy and reduces the amount of Si dissolved in the Al-based matrix is 100% by mass, the total is 0.0001 to 0.5. It is characterized in that an aluminum alloy casting containing a mass% and having excellent dimensional stability even in an as-cast state can be obtained. By adding a solid-solution Si suppression element, the amount of solid-solution Si in the Al-based matrix is reduced, and the amount of precipitated Si, which is the cause of permanent growth that causes dimensional changes, is reduced, thereby improving the dimensional stability of aluminum alloy castings. Increased.
[Selection] Figure 1
Description
本発明は、鋳放し状態でも寸法安定性に優れるアルミニウム合金鋳物が得られる鋳造アルミニウム合金と、それからなるアルミニウム合金鋳物およびその製造方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a cast aluminum alloy from which an aluminum alloy casting excellent in dimensional stability can be obtained even in an as-cast state, an aluminum alloy casting made thereof, and a method for producing the same.
近年、各種製品は、その軽量化が強く求められて、従来の鋳鉄製等から軽量なアルミニウム合金製に急速に移行しつつある。例えば自動車部品を軽量化した場合、自動車の運動性能等のみならず、燃費も向上して環境改善にも役立つ。 In recent years, various products have been strongly demanded for weight reduction, and are rapidly shifting from conventional cast iron or the like to lightweight aluminum alloys. For example, when the weight of an automobile part is reduced, not only the motor performance of the automobile but also the fuel efficiency is improved, which is useful for improving the environment.
アルミニウム合金製品の多くは鋳造品であり、特に量産品には、コスト、鋳肌、寸法精度等に優れるダイキャスト鋳物が多い。ダイキャスト鋳造を効率的に行うには、優れた鋳造性、特に、高い溶湯の流動性が求められるところ、その原料としてＳｉ系アルミニウム合金（Ａｌ−Ｓｉ系合金）が多用されている。 Many of the aluminum alloy products are cast products, and mass-produced products are particularly die-cast castings that are excellent in cost, casting surface, dimensional accuracy and the like. In order to perform die-cast casting efficiently, excellent castability, particularly high fluidity of molten metal is required, and Si-based aluminum alloys (Al-Si based alloys) are frequently used as raw materials.
Ａｌ−Ｓｉ系合金の代表例として、ＪＩＳ ＡＤＣ１２やＡＤＣ１２Ｚ等がある。例えば、ＡＤＣ１２合金は、主にＳｉ：９．６〜１２質量％、Ｃｕ：１．５〜３．５質量％および残部Ａｌからなり、その他に少量のＭｇ、Ｚｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、ＮｉおよびＳｎの含有が許容される。このＡＤＣ１２は、溶湯の流動性、補給性、耐鋳造割性等に優れると共に鋳造引け量も少なく、非常に高い鋳造性を発現する。しかも、ＡＤＣ１２を使用すると、加工性や機械的強度にも優れた鋳物が得られるので、ＡＤＣ１２はダイキャスト用アルミニウム合金として広く利用されている。 JIS ADC12, ADC12Z, etc. are typical examples of Al—Si based alloys. For example, the ADC12 alloy is mainly composed of Si: 9.6 to 12% by mass, Cu: 1.5 to 3.5% by mass and the balance Al, and small amounts of Mg, Zn, Fe, Mn, Ni and Sn. The inclusion of is acceptable. The ADC 12 is excellent in the fluidity, replenishability, resistance to casting cracking, and the like of the molten metal and has a small amount of casting shrinkage, and exhibits very high castability. In addition, when ADC12 is used, a casting having excellent workability and mechanical strength can be obtained. Therefore, ADC12 is widely used as an aluminum alloy for die casting.
ところで、Ａｌ−Ｓｉ系合金を用いてダイキャスト鋳造した場合、その溶湯は鋳型である金型によって急速に冷却されて凝固する。この際、初晶または共晶Ａｌ相からなるＡｌ基マトリックス中に、Ｓｉが本来の固溶限を超えて多量に固溶したまま凝固が完了することが多い。こうして得られたダイキャスト鋳物を鋳放し状態で使用すると、その過剰に固溶していたＳｉ（以下、適宜「過固溶Ｓｉ」という。）が、その使用中等に徐々に析出してくる。そして、析出してきたＳｉは、その周囲にあるＡｌ基マトリックスと結晶構造が相違することから、ダイキャスト鋳物の体積膨張を生じさせることが知られている。この体積膨張は、経時的にダイキャスト鋳物の寸法を変化させることとなる。つまり、ダイキャスト鋳物の寸法安定性が低下する。 By the way, when die-casting is performed using an Al—Si alloy, the molten metal is rapidly cooled and solidified by a mold as a mold. At this time, in many cases, solidification is completed while Si is dissolved in a large amount exceeding the original solid solubility limit in an Al-based matrix composed of primary or eutectic Al phases. When the die-cast casting thus obtained is used in an as-cast state, the excessively dissolved Si (hereinafter referred to as “over-solution Si” as appropriate) gradually precipitates during use. It is known that the deposited Si causes a volume expansion of the die-cast casting because the crystal structure is different from the Al-based matrix around it. This volume expansion changes the dimensions of the die cast casting over time. That is, the dimensional stability of the die-cast casting is lowered.
特に、そのダイキャスト鋳物がエンジンのシリンダブロックやピストン等の場合、その使用中の加熱によりＳｉの析出が促進されて、ダイキャスト鋳物の寸法も変化し易くなる。シリンダブロックやピストン等は、ボア径や外径が厳しく管理される重要部品である。このような部品の寸法が経時的に大きく変化すると、エンジン性能やその信頼性が低下し得ることとなる。そこで、下記の非特許文献１にもあるように、ダイキャスト鋳物の寸法安定性を確保するために、鋳造後のダイキャスト鋳物に熱処理を施して過固溶Ｓｉを十分に析出させることが行われる。 In particular, when the die-cast casting is an engine cylinder block, piston, or the like, Si deposition is promoted by heating during use, and the dimensions of the die-cast casting are easily changed. Cylinder blocks and pistons are important parts whose bore diameter and outer diameter are strictly controlled. If the dimensions of such parts change significantly over time, engine performance and reliability can be reduced. Therefore, as described in Non-Patent Document 1 below, in order to ensure the dimensional stability of the die-cast casting, heat treatment is performed on the die-cast casting after casting to sufficiently precipitate excessively dissolved Si. Is called.
ちなみに、このような寸法変化は、鋳物が加熱後に冷却されても元に戻らないことから永久成長と呼ばれている。この永久成長に関して下記の非特許文献１は、「Ａｌ−Ｓｉ系合金のダイキャスト鋳物は、Ａｌマトリックス中に固溶していたＳｉが徐々に析出して約０．１６％の永久成長を生じるため、２００〜２３０℃で１０〜２０時間の熱処理を施すのが良い」旨を記載している。
しかし、ダイキャスト鋳物中の過固溶Ｓｉを十分に析出させるには長時間の熱処理が必要となる。この熱処理は、ダイキャスト鋳物の生産コストを上昇させ、また、その生産に要するリードタイムを増加させる。永久成長の抑制のために、わざわざ熱処理を加えるまでもなく、鋳放し状態であっても寸法変化の少ない鋳物が得られるような組成の合金や製造方法があれば、鋳物の生産性を向上させ、そのコストを従来よりも低減することが可能となる。特に、鋳造性、加工性、機械的強度といった、従来からある鋳造アルミニウム合金の優れた特性を犠牲にすることなく、さらには、鋳物のリサイクル性等も考慮しつつ、鋳放し状態でも寸法安定性に優れたアルミニウム合金鋳物が得られるような合金組成やその製造方法が望まれていた。 However, long-time heat treatment is required to sufficiently precipitate the excessively dissolved Si in the die-cast casting. This heat treatment increases the production cost of the die cast product and increases the lead time required for the production. If there is an alloy or a manufacturing method with a composition that can produce a casting with little dimensional change even if it is in an as-cast state in order to suppress permanent growth, it is possible to improve casting productivity. The cost can be reduced as compared with the prior art. In particular, without sacrificing the excellent properties of conventional cast aluminum alloys such as castability, workability, and mechanical strength, and also considering the recyclability of castings, dimensional stability even in the as-cast state There has been a demand for an alloy composition and a method for producing the same so that an aluminum alloy casting excellent in the above can be obtained.
本発明は、このような事情に鑑みて為されたものであり、鋳放し状態であっても優れた寸法安定性を示すアルミニウム合金鋳物が得られる鋳造アルミニウム合金およびそのアルミニウム合金鋳物とその製造方法を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and a cast aluminum alloy capable of obtaining an aluminum alloy cast exhibiting excellent dimensional stability even in an as-cast state, and the aluminum alloy cast and a method for producing the same The purpose is to provide.
なお、上記特許文献１には、Ｓｉ量が１２．７％以上の過共晶領域で微量のＰ（０．００２〜０．０２質量％）が存在すると、初晶Ｓｉ粒が微細化される旨の記載がある。しかし、ここでいうＰは、初晶Ｓｉ粒粗大化の抑制作用をもつだけであって、後述する本発明でいうような永久成長の抑制作用を発現するものではない。そもそも過共晶組成のＡｌ−Ｓｉ系合金の場合、多くのＳｉが最初に初晶として晶出するため、固溶体量も少なく、Ｓｉ析出に起因した永久成長があまり問題とならないからである。 In Patent Document 1, when a small amount of P (0.002 to 0.02 mass%) is present in the hypereutectic region where the Si amount is 12.7% or more, the primary crystal Si grains are refined. There is a statement to that effect. However, P here has only an effect of suppressing coarsening of the primary crystal Si grains, and does not exhibit the effect of suppressing permanent growth as described in the present invention described later. In the first place, in the case of an Al—Si alloy having a hypereutectic composition, a large amount of Si crystallizes as an initial crystal first, so that the amount of solid solution is small and permanent growth caused by Si precipitation is not a problem.
本発明者はこの課題を解決すべく鋭意研究し、試行錯誤を重ねた結果、アルミニウム合金鋳物の寸法変化の原因が過固溶Ｓｉの析出にあることを踏まえて、Ａｌ基マトリックス中へのＳｉの過剰な固溶を抑制できる固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素を新たに見い出し、本発明を完成するに至った。 The present inventor has intensively studied to solve this problem, and as a result of repeated trial and error, considering that the cause of the dimensional change of the aluminum alloy casting is precipitation of over-solution Si, Si in the Al-based matrix is obtained. Thus, the present inventors have found a solid solution Si suppressing element capable of suppressing excessive solid solution of the present invention and completed the present invention.
（鋳造アルミニウム合金）
（１）すなわち、本発明の鋳造アルミニウム合金は、Ｓｉを含み、主たる残部がＡｌである鋳造アルミニウム合金であって、さらに、該鋳造アルミニウム合金からなる合金溶湯を冷却して凝固させる冷却凝固工程で、該合金溶湯中からＳｉの晶出を促進してＡｌ基マトリックス中に固溶するＳｉ量を低減する固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素を、全体を１００質量％としたときに合計で０．０００１〜０．５質量％含み、鋳放し状態でも寸法安定性に優れたアルミニウム合金鋳物が得られることを特徴とする。
(Cast aluminum alloy)
(1) That is, the cast aluminum alloy of the present invention is a cast aluminum alloy containing Si and the main remainder being Al, and further in a cooling and solidifying step of cooling and solidifying the molten alloy made of the cast aluminum alloy. In addition, when the total amount of the solid solution Si suppressing element that promotes the crystallization of Si from the molten alloy to reduce the amount of Si dissolved in the Al-based matrix is 100% by mass, the total is 0.0001-0. It is characterized in that an aluminum alloy casting containing 0.5% by mass and excellent in dimensional stability even in an as-cast state can be obtained.
本発明者は、種々の試験を通じて、少量の固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素を含有したＡｌ−Ｓｉ系合金の溶湯を用いて鋳造すると、固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素を含有しない場合に比べて、得られたアルミニウム合金鋳物の寸法変化（すなわち、永久成長）が著しく低減されることを見いだした。この固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素の存在によって、アルミニウム合金鋳物の永久成長が抑制される理由は必ずしも定かではないが、現状次のように考えられる。 The inventor found that the aluminum obtained by casting using a molten Al-Si alloy containing a small amount of a solute Si-suppressing element through various tests, compared with a case where it does not contain a solute Si-suppressing element. It has been found that the dimensional change (ie permanent growth) of the alloy casting is significantly reduced. The reason why the permanent growth of the aluminum alloy casting is suppressed due to the presence of the solute Si suppressing element is not necessarily clear, but it is considered as follows.
固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素を含む合金溶湯が冷却凝固される際、固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素はＳｉ晶出の核サイトとなって、Ｓｉの晶出を促進し、その反作用としてＡｌ基マトリックス中へに過剰に固溶されるＳｉ量が低減したと考えられる。つまり、凝固工程でＳｉを予め積極的に晶出させることで、Ａｌ基マトリックス中の過固溶Ｓｉ量を低減した結果、その後にアルミニウム合金鋳物中から析出する析出Ｓｉ量も低下して、アルミニウム合金鋳物の体積膨張（永久成長）が著しく抑止されたと考えられる。 When the molten alloy containing the solute Si-suppressing element is cooled and solidified, the solute Si-suppressing element becomes a core site for Si crystallization, promotes the crystallization of Si, and excessively enters the Al-based matrix as a reaction. It is thought that the amount of Si dissolved in the solution was reduced. In other words, by actively pre-crystallizing Si in the solidification step, the amount of Si in the Al-based matrix is reduced, so that the amount of precipitated Si that is subsequently precipitated from the aluminum alloy casting is also reduced. It is considered that the volume expansion (permanent growth) of the alloy casting was significantly suppressed.
もっとも、固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素によって永久成長の抑制効果が発現される理由は、次のようにも考えられる。なお、ここでは量産に適したダイキャスト鋳造を行う場合を例にとり説明するが、このことが本発明の鋳造アルミニウム合金の対象となる鋳造方法を限定するものではないことを断っておく。 However, the reason why the effect of suppressing the permanent growth by the solute Si suppressing element is also considered as follows. Here, a case where die casting suitable for mass production is performed will be described as an example, but it should be noted that this does not limit the casting method that is the object of the cast aluminum alloy of the present invention.
ダイカスト鋳造を行う場合、合金溶湯は金型へ注湯された後に急速に冷却されて極短時間のうちに凝固する。従来組成のＡｌ−Ｓｉ系合金溶湯であれば、本来の凝固温度よりも低い温度までその温度が低下した後にその凝固を完了すると考えられる。このような過冷却現象を生じると、Ｓｉは、Ａｌ−Ｓｉ系状態図から定る本来の固溶限以上にＡｌ基マトリックス中に固溶し易くなる。つまり、Ａｌ基マトリックス中の過固溶Ｓｉ量が増加する傾向となる。ところが、本発明の鋳造アルミニウム合金によれば、この過冷却現象が固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素の存在によって抑制され、ＳｉがＡｌ基マトリックス中へ過剰に固溶しにくくなったとも考えられる。少なくとも、Ａｌ−Ｓｉ系状態図から定る本来の固溶限を大きく超えてＳｉがＡｌ基マトリックスへ固溶することは抑止されたと考えられる。勿論、このような固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素による過冷却の抑制は、前述したＳｉの晶出促進と密接に関連しているとも考えられる。つまり、固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素がＳｉの晶出を促進する結果、合金溶湯の過冷却現象が抑制されるとも考えられる。 When performing die casting, the molten alloy is rapidly cooled after being poured into a mold and solidifies in an extremely short time. If the molten Al-Si alloy has a conventional composition, the solidification is considered to be completed after the temperature is lowered to a temperature lower than the original solidification temperature. When such a supercooling phenomenon occurs, Si is liable to be dissolved in the Al-based matrix more than the original solid solubility limit determined from the Al—Si phase diagram. That is, the amount of excessively dissolved Si in the Al-based matrix tends to increase. However, according to the cast aluminum alloy of the present invention, this supercooling phenomenon is suppressed by the presence of the solid solution Si suppressing element, and it is considered that Si is difficult to excessively dissolve in the Al-based matrix. At least, it is considered that the solid solution of Si into the Al-based matrix that has largely exceeded the original solid solubility limit determined from the Al—Si phase diagram is suppressed. Of course, suppression of supercooling by such a solid solution Si suppressing element is considered to be closely related to the above-described promotion of Si crystallization. That is, it is considered that the supercooling phenomenon of the molten alloy is suppressed as a result of the solute Si suppressing element promoting the crystallization of Si.
このような固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素のメカニズムはともかくとして、固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素を含む合金溶湯を鋳造してできたアルミニウム合金鋳物の体積膨張つまり永久成長が抑制されることは確かである。本発明の鋳造アルミニウム合金によれば、従来必要と考えられていた時効処理や溶体化処理等の熱処理を施すまでもなく、アルミニウム合金鋳物の永久成長を抑制できる。このため、熱処理なしの鋳放し状態のアルミニウム合金鋳物をそのまま製品として使用することもでき、アルミニウム合金鋳物製品の低コスト化や生産性の向上を図れる。 Regardless of the mechanism of such a solute Si suppressing element, it is certain that volume expansion, that is, permanent growth of an aluminum alloy casting produced by casting a molten alloy containing the solute Si suppressing element is suppressed. According to the cast aluminum alloy of the present invention, permanent growth of an aluminum alloy casting can be suppressed without performing heat treatment such as aging treatment or solution treatment, which has been conventionally considered necessary. For this reason, an as-cast aluminum alloy casting without heat treatment can be used as a product as it is, and the cost reduction and productivity improvement of the aluminum alloy casting product can be achieved.
なお、本明細書でいう「永久成長」とは、温度変化に伴う熱膨張等と異なり、アルミニウム合金鋳物を加熱後に冷却しても残存する恒久的な寸法変化である。この永久成長が生じると、鋳物製品の固定部分や運動部分に無理な変形や応力が作用することとなり、種々の障害を生じ得る。本発明の鋳造アルミニウム合金によれば、鋳放し状態の鋳物製品であったとしても、永久成長が少なく、そのような不具が十分に抑止され得る。 The term “permanent growth” as used in the present specification is a permanent dimensional change that remains even when an aluminum alloy casting is cooled after heating, unlike thermal expansion associated with a temperature change. When this permanent growth occurs, unreasonable deformations and stresses act on the fixed part and the moving part of the cast product, which may cause various obstacles. According to the cast aluminum alloy of the present invention, even if it is a cast product in an as-cast state, there is little permanent growth, and such defects can be sufficiently suppressed.
本発明でいうＡｌ基マトリックスは、主にＡｌ相らなる。それは初晶としてのＡｌでも共晶としてのＡｌでも良い。そのＡｌ基マトリックスには、Ｓｉは勿論のこと、その他の合金元素が固溶していても良い。 The Al-based matrix referred to in the present invention mainly consists of an Al phase. It may be Al as the primary crystal or Al as the eutectic. In addition to Si, other alloy elements may be dissolved in the Al-based matrix.
永久成長の原因となる析出Ｓｉは主に、そのＡｌ基マトリックス中に固溶していたＳｉが鋳造後に析出するものである。鋳造後のＳｉの析出量は、Ａｌ基マトリックス中に固溶していたＳｉ量とＡｌ−Ｓｉ系状態図から定る固溶限との差から理論的には求まる。しかし、例えば、鋳造アルミニウム合金全体に占めるＳｉ量がその固溶限以下であったとしても、Ｓｉの析出によって永久成長が生じる場合もある。これは、合金組成全体としてのＳｉ量が少量であるとしても、鋳放し後のアルミニウム合金鋳物の組織全体でＳｉ濃度が均一であるとは限らないからである。具体的には、合金溶湯が凝固する最終段階で、偏析によってＳｉの濃縮された部分が生じて、Ａｌ基マトリックス中に過剰にＳｉの固溶した凝固部分も出現し得るからである。このような鋳放し状態のアルミニウム合金鋳物は、全体組成としてＳｉ量が少量であったとしても、部分的に存在するＳｉが過剰に固溶したＡｌ基マトリックス中からＳｉが析出して、やはり永久成長を生じる結果となり得る。 Precipitated Si that causes permanent growth is mainly that Si that has been dissolved in the Al-based matrix is precipitated after casting. The amount of Si deposited after casting is theoretically determined from the difference between the amount of Si dissolved in the Al-based matrix and the solid solubility limit determined from the Al-Si phase diagram. However, for example, even if the amount of Si in the entire cast aluminum alloy is below its solid solubility limit, permanent growth may occur due to precipitation of Si. This is because even if the amount of Si as a whole alloy composition is small, the Si concentration is not necessarily uniform throughout the entire structure of the cast aluminum alloy. Specifically, at the final stage when the molten alloy is solidified, a portion where Si is concentrated is generated by segregation, and a solidified portion where Si is excessively dissolved can also appear in the Al-based matrix. In such an as-cast aluminum alloy casting, even if the amount of Si as a whole is small, Si precipitates from an Al-based matrix in which Si that is partially present is excessively solid-solved, and is thus permanent. This can result in growth.
そこで、本発明の鋳造アルミニウム合金では、そこに含まれるＳｉ量の多少を問題とはしていない。すなわち、全体組成に占めるＳｉ量が少なくても多くても、本発明でいう固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素の存在は有意義であり、これによりアルミニウム合金鋳物の永久成長が従来よりも抑制される。 Therefore, in the cast aluminum alloy of the present invention, the amount of Si contained therein is not a problem. That is, even if the amount of Si occupying the entire composition is small or large, the presence of the solid solution Si suppressing element referred to in the present invention is significant, whereby the permanent growth of the aluminum alloy casting is suppressed more than before.
Ｓｉは、良好な溶湯の流動性、引け性を維持すると共にアルミニウム合金鋳物の剛性や耐磨耗性等の向上に有効な元素である。Ｓｉ量が０．１質量％未満と過少ではこのような効果が乏しい。また、アルミニウム合金鋳物中の共晶Ｓｉ量も少なくなり、優れた機械特性が得られない。一方、Ｓｉ量が１３質量％を超えるような過共晶組成になると、初晶Ｓｉが大きく成長して、アルミニウム合金鋳物の機械加工性等も低下する。また、Ｓｉ量が過多になると、合金溶湯の融点も高くなり、鋳造性も悪化する。さらに、過共晶組成のＡｌ−Ｓｉ系合金の場合、初晶としてＳｉが晶出して、Ａｌ基マトリックス中に固溶するＳｉ量も少なくなるので、鋳造後にＳｉが析出して生じる永久成長は比較的少ない。そこで本発明の鋳造アルミニウム合金は、特に、全体を１００質量％としたときに、Ｓｉが０．１〜１３質量％さらには１〜１２質量％含まれる亜共晶組成または共晶組成からなると場合に効果的である。 Si is an element effective in improving the rigidity and wear resistance of the aluminum alloy casting while maintaining good fluidity and shrinkage of the molten metal. If the Si content is less than 0.1% by mass, such an effect is poor. Moreover, the amount of eutectic Si in the aluminum alloy casting is reduced, and excellent mechanical properties cannot be obtained. On the other hand, when the hypereutectic composition is such that the Si amount exceeds 13% by mass, the primary crystal Si grows greatly, and the machinability of the aluminum alloy casting also decreases. Moreover, when the amount of Si is excessive, the melting point of the molten alloy increases and the castability deteriorates. Furthermore, in the case of an Al—Si based alloy with a hypereutectic composition, Si crystallizes as the primary crystal, and the amount of Si that dissolves in the Al-based matrix also decreases. Relatively few. Therefore, the cast aluminum alloy of the present invention has a hypoeutectic composition or a eutectic composition in which Si is contained in an amount of 0.1 to 13% by mass and further 1 to 12% by mass when the whole is 100% by mass. It is effective.
なお、亜共晶組成、共晶組成および過共晶組成の境となる共晶点の組成は、他の合金元素の存在によって変化する。このため、共晶点でのＳｉ量や亜共晶組成の上限値を明確に特定することは困難であるが、共晶点でのＳｉ量は、概ね１２．１〜１３質量％の範囲内であるから、Ｓｉ量の上限値を上記のように１３質量％さらには１２質量％とした。 Note that the composition of the eutectic point that becomes the boundary between the hypoeutectic composition, the eutectic composition, and the hypereutectic composition varies depending on the presence of other alloy elements. For this reason, it is difficult to clearly specify the Si amount at the eutectic point and the upper limit of the hypoeutectic composition, but the Si amount at the eutectic point is generally within the range of 12.1 to 13% by mass. Therefore, the upper limit value of the Si amount was set to 13% by mass and further to 12% by mass as described above.
ところで、本発明の固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素は、全体を１００質量％としたときに、合計で０．０００１〜０．５質量％（１〜５０００ｐｐｍ）と、少量で十分な効果を発揮する。固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素が０．０００１質量％未満では固溶Ｓｉの抑制効果が十分ではない。一方、固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素を０．５質量％を超えて含有させても、効果は飽和するので経済的ではない。この固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素は、０．０００１〜０．５質量％さらには０．００１〜０．３質量％であると好適である。 By the way, the solid solution Si suppressing element of the present invention exhibits a sufficient effect even in a small amount of 0.0001 to 0.5 mass% (1 to 5000 ppm) in total when the total is 100 mass%. If the solute Si suppressing element is less than 0.0001% by mass, the solute Si suppressing effect is not sufficient. On the other hand, even if the solid solution Si suppressing element is contained in an amount exceeding 0.5% by mass, the effect is saturated, which is not economical. This solid solution Si suppressing element is preferably 0.0001 to 0.5 mass%, more preferably 0.001 to 0.3 mass%.
本発明の鋳造アルミニウム合金は、固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素量の必要量が高々０．５質量％と極少量である。このため、従来の鋳造アルミニウム合金に少量の固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素を添加するだけで、容易に永久成長の少ないアルミニウム合金鋳物が得られる。その際、従来の鋳造アルミニウム合金がもつ特性を犠牲にすることもないので、本発明の鋳造アルミニウム合金は、従来のＡｌ−Ｓｉ系合金からベース材を適当に選択することで様々なアルミニウム合金鋳物製品への応用が可能であって、非常に汎用性が高い。 In the cast aluminum alloy of the present invention, the required amount of the solute Si suppressing element amount is at most 0.5% by mass. For this reason, an aluminum alloy casting with less permanent growth can be easily obtained simply by adding a small amount of a solute Si suppressing element to a conventional cast aluminum alloy. At that time, since the characteristics of the conventional cast aluminum alloy are not sacrificed, the cast aluminum alloy of the present invention can be obtained by appropriately selecting a base material from conventional Al-Si alloys. It can be applied to products and is very versatile.
さらに、本発明の鋳造アルミニウム合金の場合、固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素の含有量が僅かであるので、その鋳造アルミニウム合金からなる鋳物をリサイクル材として使用しても、固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素による特性の劣化等は生じ難い。すなわち、本発明の鋳造アルミニウム合金はリサイクル性にも優れたものである。 Furthermore, in the case of the cast aluminum alloy of the present invention, since the content of the solid solution Si suppressing element is small, even if a casting made of the cast aluminum alloy is used as a recycled material, the characteristic deterioration due to the solid solution Si suppressing element is caused. Etc. are unlikely to occur. That is, the cast aluminum alloy of the present invention is excellent in recyclability.
（２）本発明の鋳造アルミニウム合金は、ベースとなるＡｌ−Ｓｉ系合金の組成を問わず、そこへ少量の固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素を含有させることで、得られたアルミニウム合金鋳物の永久成長を抑制することができる。もっとも、固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素を含有させるベースとして、鋳造性のみならず機械的特性等にも優れたＪＩＳ ＡＤＣ１２等のダイカスト鋳造アルミニウム合金を使用すると好適である。 (2) The cast aluminum alloy of the present invention has a permanent growth of the obtained aluminum alloy casting by including a small amount of a solid solution Si suppressing element regardless of the composition of the base Al—Si alloy. Can be suppressed. However, it is preferable to use a die-cast aluminum alloy such as JIS ADC12 which is excellent not only in castability but also in mechanical properties as a base for containing the solid solution Si suppressing element.
そこで本発明は、全体を１００質量％としたときに、Ｓｉ：９〜１２質量％と、Ｃｕ：１〜４質量％と、該鋳造アルミニウム合金からなる合金溶湯を冷却して凝固させる冷却凝固工程で、該合金溶湯中からＳｉの晶出を促進してＡｌ基マトリックス中に固溶するＳｉ量を低減する固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素を０．０００１〜０．５質量％と、残部がＡｌおよび不可避不純物とからなり、鋳放し状態でも寸法安定性に優れたアルミニウム合金鋳物が得られることを特徴とする鋳造アルミニウム合金であると好適である。 Therefore, the present invention is a cooling and solidifying step of cooling and solidifying a molten alloy made of the cast aluminum alloy when Si is 9 to 12% by mass and Cu is 1 to 4% by mass when the whole is 100% by mass. In the molten alloy, 0.0001 to 0.5% by mass of a solid solution Si suppressing element that promotes crystallization of Si and reduces the amount of Si dissolved in the Al-based matrix, with the balance being Al and inevitable A cast aluminum alloy characterized in that an aluminum alloy casting made of impurities and having excellent dimensional stability even in an as-cast state can be obtained.
上記不可避不純物の種類やその量には特に問わないが、上記ＪＩＳ ＡＤＣ１２やＪＩＳ ＡＤＣ１２Ｚ等と同程度であると好ましい。具体的には、Ｍｇ：１質量％以下、Ｚｎ：２質量％以下、Ｆｅ：２質量％以下さらには１．３質量％以下、Ｍｎ：１質量％さらには０．５質量％以下、Ｎｉ：１質量％以下さらには０．５質量％以下およびＳｎ：０．３質量％以下であると好ましい。 The type and amount of the inevitable impurities are not particularly limited. Specifically, Mg: 1 mass% or less, Zn: 2 mass% or less, Fe: 2 mass% or less, further 1.3 mass% or less, Mn: 1 mass%, further 0.5 mass% or less, Ni: It is preferable that they are 1 mass% or less, further 0.5 mass% or less, and Sn: 0.3 mass% or less.
さらに本発明は、全体を１００質量％としたときに、Ｓｉ：９〜１２質量％と、Ｃｕ：１〜４質量％と、Ｍｇ：０．０１〜１質量％と、Ｎｉ：０．０１〜１質量％と、Ｍｎ：０．０１〜１質量％と、Ｆｅ：０．０１〜２質量％と、Ｚｎ：０．０１〜２質量％と、該鋳造アルミニウム合金からなる合金溶湯を冷却して凝固させる冷却凝固工程で、該合金溶湯中からＳｉの晶出を促進してＡｌ基マトリックス中に固溶するＳｉ量を低減する固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素を０．０００１〜０．５質量％と、残部がＡｌおよび不可避不純物とからなり、鋳放し状態でも寸法安定性に優れたアルミニウム合金鋳物が得られることを特徴とする鋳造アルミニウム合金であると好適である。 Furthermore, when the present invention is 100% by mass as a whole, Si: 9 to 12% by mass, Cu: 1 to 4% by mass, Mg: 0.01 to 1% by mass, and Ni: 0.01 to 1% by mass, Mn: 0.01 to 1% by mass, Fe: 0.01 to 2% by mass, Zn: 0.01 to 2% by mass, and the molten alloy made of the cast aluminum alloy is cooled. In the solidification cooling solidification step, 0.0001 to 0.5% by mass of a solid solution Si suppressing element that promotes crystallization of Si from the alloy molten metal and reduces the amount of Si dissolved in the Al-based matrix; A cast aluminum alloy characterized in that the balance is made of Al and inevitable impurities and an aluminum alloy cast excellent in dimensional stability even in an as-cast state can be obtained.
ここで、Ｓｉの作用は上述した通りであるが、特にＳｉが上記下限以上であると、凝固温度が低く、流動性、引け性、熱間割れの面で特に優れる。Ｓｉの上限については上述した通りである。この場合のＳｉは９．６〜１２質量％であるとより好適である。 Here, the action of Si is as described above. However, when Si is not less than the above lower limit, the solidification temperature is low, and it is particularly excellent in terms of fluidity, shrinkage and hot cracking. The upper limit of Si is as described above. In this case, Si is more preferably 9.6 to 12% by mass.
Ｃｕは、金属間化合物であるＣｕ−Ａｌ化合物（例えば、ＣｕＡｌ2等）を生成させ、アルミニウム合金鋳物の引張強さを向上させる。Ｃｕが過少では、Ｃｕ−Ａｌ化合物が十分に形成されず、それによる強化作用が不十分となる。Ｃｕが過多では、アルミニウム合金鋳物の靱性が低下して好ましくない。Ｃｕは１．５〜３．５質量％であるとより好適である。その他、本発明の鋳造アルミニウム合金に好適な合金元素については後述する。 Cu is, CuAl compound is an intermetallic compound (e.g., CuAl 2, etc.) to generate, improve the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy casting. When Cu is too small, the Cu—Al compound is not sufficiently formed, and the strengthening action thereby becomes insufficient. Excessive Cu is not preferable because the toughness of the aluminum alloy casting is lowered. Cu is more preferably 1.5 to 3.5% by mass. In addition, alloy elements suitable for the cast aluminum alloy of the present invention will be described later.
なお、本明細書でいう「鋳造アルミニウム合金」はその形態や状態を問わない。インゴットのような原材料（鋳造アルミニウム合金）であっても良いし、鋳造後のアルミニウム合金鋳物であっても良い。また、固相である必要はなく、合金溶湯のような液相であっても良い。要するに、本発明の鋳造アルミニウム合金は、鋳造を前提にして、固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素を含有するＡｌ−Ｓｉ系合金であれば良い。 In addition, the "cast aluminum alloy" as used in this specification does not ask | require the form or state. It may be a raw material (cast aluminum alloy) such as an ingot, or an aluminum alloy casting after casting. Moreover, it does not need to be a solid phase and may be a liquid phase such as a molten alloy. In short, the cast aluminum alloy of the present invention may be an Al—Si alloy containing a solid solution Si suppressing element on the premise of casting.
（アルミニウム合金鋳物）
本発明は、上記鋳造アルミニウム合金の一形態であるアルミニウム合金鋳物としても把握できる。本発明では、アルミニウム合金鋳物に熱処理を施すことを必ずしも排除しないが、そのアルミニウム合金鋳物が鋳造後に熱処理を施していない鋳放し状態であると、鋳物製品の低コスト化や生産性の向上を図れて好ましい。上述した固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素等に関する記述は、鋳造して得られたアルミニウム合金鋳物についても同様である。
(Aluminum alloy casting)
The present invention can be grasped as an aluminum alloy casting which is one form of the cast aluminum alloy. In the present invention, the heat treatment of the aluminum alloy casting is not necessarily excluded. However, when the aluminum alloy casting is in an as-cast state in which the heat treatment is not performed after casting, the cost of the cast product can be reduced and the productivity can be improved. It is preferable. The description regarding the solute Si suppressing element and the like is the same for an aluminum alloy casting obtained by casting.
（アルミニウム合金鋳物の製造方法）
本発明は、上記アルミニウム合金鋳物としてのみならず、その製造方法としても把握できる。
すなわち、本発明は、上述した鋳造アルミニウム合金からなる合金溶湯を調製する溶湯調製工程と、該合金溶湯を鋳型のキャビティに入れて冷却凝固させる凝固工程とからなり、該凝固工程後の鋳放し状態でも寸法安定性に優れたアルミニウム合金鋳物が得られることを特徴とするアルミニウム合金鋳物の製造方法としても把握できる。
(Aluminum alloy casting manufacturing method)
The present invention can be grasped not only as the aluminum alloy casting but also as a manufacturing method thereof.
That is, the present invention comprises a molten metal preparation step for preparing a molten alloy made of the cast aluminum alloy described above, and a solidification step for cooling and solidifying the molten alloy in a mold cavity, and the as-cast state after the solidification step. However, it can also be grasped as a method for producing an aluminum alloy casting characterized in that an aluminum alloy casting excellent in dimensional stability can be obtained.
ここでいう鋳型は、砂型でも金型でも良いし、鋳造方法は、重力鋳造でも加圧鋳造でも良いが、アルミニウム合金鋳物を量産する場合、金型のキャビティに合金溶湯を加圧注入するダイキャスト鋳造が多用される。 The mold here may be a sand mold or a mold, and the casting method may be gravity casting or pressure casting. However, when mass-producing aluminum alloy castings, die casting is performed by injecting molten alloy into the mold cavity under pressure. Casting is frequently used.
ダイキャスト鋳造を行った場合、冷却速度が大きくて合金溶湯が急冷されるため、本来ならば、Ａｌ基マトリックス中にＳｉが多量に固溶し易い。しかし、本発明のようなダイキャスト鋳造を行った場合、固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素の存在により、Ａｌ基マトリックス中へ固溶するＳｉ量が少なく、鋳放し状態の鋳物でもその後の永久成長が著しく抑制される。 When die casting is performed, the cooling rate is high and the molten alloy is rapidly cooled. Therefore, a large amount of Si is easily dissolved in the Al-based matrix. However, when die-casting as in the present invention is performed, the amount of Si dissolved in the Al-based matrix is small due to the presence of the solid-solution Si-suppressing element, and the subsequent permanent growth is remarkably suppressed even in an as-cast casting. Is done.
従って、本発明の製造方法では、前記凝固工程がダイキャスト鋳造工程であっても、寸法安定性に優れたアルミニウム合金鋳物が得られる。 Therefore, in the production method of the present invention, an aluminum alloy casting excellent in dimensional stability can be obtained even if the solidification step is a die-casting step.
ちなみに、砂型鋳造を行った場合、冷却速度が一般的に遅いため、Ａｌ基マトリックス中へのＳｉの固溶が抑制されか、一旦固溶したＳｉが凝固過程中に再び析出する傾向を示す。このため、ダイカスト鋳造の場合よりも砂型鋳造の場合の方が永久成長がより小さくなり易い。但し、砂型鋳造した場合のように、凝固工程中の冷却速度が遅いと、組織が粗大で強度が不十分な鋳物となり易い。そこで砂型鋳造等をした鋳物には、鋳造後に溶体化処理等の熱処理が施されることも多い。このような熱処理を施すと、組織の微細化や機械的強度の向上のみならず、その熱処理中に、Ａｌ基マトリックス中に固溶していたＳｉがＡｌ基マトリックスから析出してしまい、その熱処理中に永久成長を終える。従って、このような場合は、結果的に永久成長による寸法変化を問題とすることは少ない。 Incidentally, when sand mold casting is performed, since the cooling rate is generally slow, the solid solution of Si in the Al-based matrix is suppressed, or once the solid solution Si has a tendency to precipitate again during the solidification process. For this reason, permanent growth tends to be smaller in the case of sand casting than in the case of die casting. However, if the cooling rate during the solidification process is low, as in sand mold casting, the structure tends to be coarse and the strength is insufficient. In view of this, castings that have undergone sand casting are often subjected to heat treatment such as solution treatment after casting. When such heat treatment is performed, not only the structure is refined and the mechanical strength is improved, but also during the heat treatment, Si dissolved in the Al base matrix is precipitated from the Al base matrix. End the permanent growth inside. Therefore, in such a case, there is little problem as a result of dimensional change due to permanent growth.
発明の実施形態を挙げて、本発明をより詳しく説明する。なお、以下の実施形態を含め、本明細書で説明する内容は、本発明に係る鋳造アルミニウム合金（以下、適宜単に「アルミニウム合金」という。）のみならず、それからなるアルミニウム合金鋳物およびその製造方法にも、適宜適用できるものであることを断っておく。また、いずれの実施形態が最良であるか否かは、対象、要求性能等によって異なり、特に、本明細書に挙げた各合金元素の組成は、任意に組合わされることを断っておく。 The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to embodiments of the invention. In addition, the content described in this specification including the following embodiments is not limited to a cast aluminum alloy according to the present invention (hereinafter simply referred to as “aluminum alloy” as appropriate), and an aluminum alloy casting made thereof and a method for manufacturing the same In addition, it should be noted that it can be applied as appropriate. In addition, which embodiment is best depends on the object, required performance, and the like, and in particular, it should be noted that the compositions of the alloy elements listed in this specification are arbitrarily combined.
（１）固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素
本発明でいう固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素は、合金溶湯が凝固する際に、Ｓｉの晶出を促進されてＡｌ基マトリックスへのＳｉの固溶を抑制するものである。このような作用のある元素である限り、その種類は問わない。本発明者が検討した固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素の一例として、Ｐ、Ｓｂ、Ｚｒ、ＶおよびＮａ等がある。本発明でいう固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素は、これらの各元素の１種でも複数種でも良い。つまり、固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素がそれらのの少なくとも１種からなると良い。
(1) Solid-solution Si-suppressing element The solid-solution Si-suppressing element referred to in the present invention suppresses the solid-solution of Si in the Al-based matrix by promoting Si crystallization when the molten alloy solidifies. . As long as it is an element with such an action, the kind is not ask | required. Examples of the solid solution Si suppressing element investigated by the present inventors include P, Sb, Zr, V, and Na. The solute Si suppressing element referred to in the present invention may be one or more of these elements. That is, it is preferable that the solid solution Si suppressing element is composed of at least one of them.
Ｐは、Ａｌ−Ｓｉ系合金の共晶および初晶Ｓｉの不均質核生成作用を有する。すなわち、合金溶湯の凝固時にＰが存在すると、合金溶湯の過冷却が抑制されて、初晶Ａｌおよび共晶Ａｌ相（Ａｌ基マトリックス）中におけるＳｉの過固溶度を低下させる。このような作用は極少量のＰにより発揮される。一方、Ｐが過多になると、共晶Ｓｉがそのアスペクト比が増大させて粗大化するので好ましくない。そこで、Ｐは０．０００１〜０．１質量％（１〜１０００ｐｐｍ）さらには０．０００５〜０．０５質量％（５〜５００ｐｐｍ）であると好ましい。 P has a heterogeneous nucleation effect of eutectic and primary Si of an Al—Si alloy. That is, if P is present during solidification of the molten alloy, overcooling of the molten alloy is suppressed, and the excessive solubility of Si in the primary Al and eutectic Al phases (Al-based matrix) is reduced. Such an effect is exhibited by a very small amount of P. On the other hand, if P is excessive, eutectic Si is unfavorable because its aspect ratio increases and coarsens. Therefore, P is preferably 0.0001 to 0.1 mass% (1 to 1000 ppm), more preferably 0.0005 to 0.05 mass% (5 to 500 ppm).
Ｓｂ、Ｚｒ、ＶおよびＮａは、鋳造時の凝固工程で、Ａｌ−Ｓｉ系合金の合金溶湯の過冷却を抑制する作用がある。これらの元素は、極微量で上記効果を発揮し、多くなってもその効果が飽和する。そこで、Ｓｂ、Ｚｒ、ＶおよびＮａのいずれも、０．０００１〜０．１質量％さらには０．０００５〜０．０５質量％であると好ましい。なお、上記の各固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素の内で、特にＰの効果が高い。従って、固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素は、Ｐ単独またはＰとＳｂ、Ｚｒ、ＶまたはＮａの１種以上との組合せからなると好ましい。 Sb, Zr, V, and Na have an effect of suppressing overcooling of the molten alloy of the Al—Si alloy in the solidification process during casting. These elements exhibit the above-mentioned effects in a very small amount, and the effect is saturated even if the amount increases. Therefore, any of Sb, Zr, V and Na is preferably 0.0001 to 0.1% by mass, more preferably 0.0005 to 0.05% by mass. Of the above-mentioned solid solution Si suppressing elements, the effect of P is particularly high. Therefore, the solid solution Si suppressing element is preferably composed of P alone or a combination of P and one or more of Sb, Zr, V or Na.
（２）アルミニウム合金組成
本発明のアルミニウム合金は、少なくともＳｉおよび上記の固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素を含有するが、アルミニウム合金鋳物製品の仕様に応じて、さらに多種多様な合金元素を含有しても良い。このような合金元素として、上述したＣｕ以外に、以下に説明するようなＭｇ、Ｎｉ、Ｍｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｚｎ、Ｃｒ、Ｔｉ、Ｓｒ、Ｃａなどがある。
(2) Aluminum alloy composition The aluminum alloy of the present invention contains at least Si and the above-mentioned solute Si-suppressing element, but may further contain a wide variety of alloying elements depending on the specifications of the aluminum alloy casting product. . Examples of such alloy elements include Mg, Ni, Mn, Fe, Zn, Cr, Ti, Sr, and Ca as described below, in addition to the above-described Cu.
Ｍｇは、Ｃｕと同様にＡｌ−Ｍｇ化合物（さらにはＡｌ−Ｃｕ−Ｍｇ化合物）を形成して、アルミニウム合金鋳物の引張強度を向上させる。Ｍｇが過少ではその効果が乏しく、Ｍｇが過多になるとアルミニウム合金鋳物はその伸びが低下して脆くなる。そこでＭｇは０．０１〜１質量％さらには０．０５〜０．３質量％であると好ましい。 Mg, like Cu, forms an Al—Mg compound (and also an Al—Cu—Mg compound) to improve the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy casting. If the amount of Mg is too small, the effect is poor, and if the amount of Mg is excessive, the aluminum alloy casting becomes brittle with its elongation lowered. Therefore, Mg is preferably 0.01 to 1% by mass, more preferably 0.05 to 0.3% by mass.
Ｎｉは、アルミニウム合金鋳物の高温強度および耐摩耗性を向上させる。Ｎｉが過少ではその効果が乏しく、Ｎｉが過多になるとアルミニウム合金鋳物は脆くなる。そこでＮｉは０．０１〜１質量％さらには０．０１〜０．５質量％であると好ましい。 Ni improves the high-temperature strength and wear resistance of aluminum alloy castings. If Ni is too small, the effect is poor. If Ni is excessive, the aluminum alloy casting becomes brittle. Therefore, Ni is preferably 0.01 to 1% by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 0.5% by mass.
Ｍｎは、Ａｌ−Ｍｎ化合物（さらにはＡｌ−Ｍｎ−Ｓｉ−Ｆｅ化合物）を形成して、アルミニウム合金鋳物の高温硬さの低下を抑制する。Ｍｎが過少ではその効果が乏しく、Ｍｎが過多になると鋳造性が低下してアルミニウム合金鋳物の伸びも減少する。そこでＭｎは０．０１〜１質量％さらには０．０５〜０．５質量％であると好ましい。 Mn forms an Al—Mn compound (and also an Al—Mn—Si—Fe compound), and suppresses a decrease in high-temperature hardness of the aluminum alloy casting. If Mn is too small, the effect is poor. If Mn is excessive, the castability is lowered and the elongation of the aluminum alloy casting is also reduced. Therefore, Mn is preferably 0.01 to 1% by mass, and more preferably 0.05 to 0.5% by mass.
Ｆｅは、アルミニウム合金鋳物の高温強度を向上させると共にダイキャスト鋳造の際に生じるアルミニウム合金鋳物と金型との焼き付きを抑止する。Ｆｅが過少ではその効果が乏しく、Ｆｅが過多になるとアルミニウム合金鋳物の靱性が低下する。そこでＦｅは０．０１〜２質量％さらには０．１〜１．３質量％であると好ましい。 Fe improves the high-temperature strength of the aluminum alloy casting and suppresses seizure between the aluminum alloy casting and the mold that occur during die casting. If Fe is too small, the effect is poor. If Fe is excessive, the toughness of the aluminum alloy casting is lowered. Therefore, Fe is preferably 0.01 to 2% by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 1.3% by mass.
Ｚｎは、アルミニウム合金鋳物の強度を向上させる。Ｚｎが過少ではその効果が乏しいが、Ｚｎが増加するとその効果は飽和する。そこでＺｎは０．０１〜２質量％さらには０．０５〜２質量％であると好ましい。 Zn improves the strength of the aluminum alloy casting. If Zn is too small, the effect is poor, but if Zn is increased, the effect is saturated. Therefore, Zn is preferably 0.01 to 2% by mass, more preferably 0.05 to 2% by mass.
ＣｒおよびＴｉは、いずれも初晶Ａｌの結晶粒を微細化して、アルミニウム合金鋳物の靱性を高める。それらの元素が過少ではその効果が乏しく、それらの元素が過多になるとそれ以上の微細化作用は期待できず、特にＴｉはＡｌと粗大化合物を形成して靱性を低下させるので好ましくない。そこでＣｒは０．０１〜１質量％さらには０．０１〜０．５質量％であると好ましい。また、Ｔｉは０．０１〜０．３質量％さらには０．０１〜０．２質量％であると好ましい。 Cr and Ti both refine the primary Al crystal grains and increase the toughness of the aluminum alloy casting. If the amount of these elements is too small, the effect is poor. If the amount of these elements is excessive, no further refinement action can be expected. In particular, Ti forms a coarse compound with Al and lowers the toughness, which is not preferable. Therefore, Cr is preferably 0.01 to 1% by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 0.5% by mass. Ti is preferably 0.01 to 0.3% by mass, and more preferably 0.01 to 0.2% by mass.
Ｓｒは、共晶Ｓｉを球状に微細化して、アルミニウム合金鋳物の靭性を高める。Ｓｒが過少ではその効果が乏しく、Ｓｒが過多になるとＡｌやＳｉとＳｒとが化合物を形成して、靱性を低下させるので好ましくない。そこでＳｒは０．００１〜０．１質量％さらには０．０１〜０．０５質量％であると好ましい。 Sr refines eutectic Si into a spherical shape and enhances the toughness of the aluminum alloy casting. If the amount of Sr is too small, the effect is poor. If the amount of Sr is too large, Al, Si, and Sr form a compound to reduce toughness, which is not preferable. Therefore, Sr is preferably 0.001 to 0.1 mass%, more preferably 0.01 to 0.05 mass%.
Ｃａは、初晶Ａｌを微細化して、アルミニウム合金鋳物の靱性を高める。Ｃａが過少ではその効果が乏しく、Ｃａが過多になると鋳造性が低下するので好ましくない。そこでＣａは０．００１〜０．１質量％さらには０．００１〜０．０５質量％であると好ましい。 Ca refines the primary crystal Al to increase the toughness of the aluminum alloy casting. If Ca is too small, the effect is poor, and if Ca is excessive, castability deteriorates. Therefore, Ca is preferably 0.001 to 0.1% by mass, more preferably 0.001 to 0.05% by mass.
（３）アルミニウム合金鋳物の製造方法
本発明のアルミニウム合金鋳物の製造方法は溶湯調製工程と凝固工程とからなる。溶湯調製工程は、上述したアルミニウム合金組成の合金溶湯が得られるように、原材料を溶解する工程である。凝固工程は調製された合金溶湯を鋳型のキャビティに注湯または射出して、その合金溶湯を鋳型内で冷却、凝固させて所望形状の鋳物とする工程である。
(3) Manufacturing method of aluminum alloy casting The manufacturing method of the aluminum alloy casting of this invention consists of a molten metal preparation process and a solidification process. The molten metal preparation step is a step of melting the raw materials so that the molten alloy having the aluminum alloy composition described above is obtained. The solidification step is a step of pouring or injecting the prepared molten alloy into a mold cavity and cooling and solidifying the molten alloy in a mold to obtain a casting having a desired shape.
ここで、本発明の溶湯調製工程は、前記合金溶湯の主たる組成を構成するベース溶湯に前記固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素を微量添加して合金溶湯とする工程であっても良い。つまり、固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素を予め含むインゴットを溶解して合金溶湯を調製しても良いが、この他に、従来からある組成のＡｌ−Ｓｉ系合金やリサイクル材合金等の溶湯をベース溶湯として、そこへ適量の固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素を微量添加して、本発明の合金溶湯としても良い。固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素の添加量は微量であるので、固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素の添加によってベース溶湯の組成が実質的に変化することもない。その結果、ベース溶湯の主たる組成から定まる鋳造性やそれを鋳造して得られたアルミニウム合金鋳物の機械的特性等も、固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素の添加によって殆ど影響を受けることもない。すなわち、本発明の上記製造方法によれば、固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素の微量添加によって、ベースとなる鋳造アルミニウム合金の特性を犠牲にすることなく、アルミニウム合金鋳物の永久成長の抑制という効果を容易に付加できる。 Here, the molten metal preparation step of the present invention may be a step of adding a small amount of the solid solution Si suppressing element to the base molten metal constituting the main composition of the molten alloy to obtain the molten alloy. In other words, an ingot containing a solid solution Si suppressing element in advance may be melted to prepare a molten alloy, but in addition to this, a molten metal such as an Al-Si alloy or a recycled material alloy having a conventional composition is used as a base molten metal. An appropriate amount of a solid solution Si suppressing element may be added to the molten alloy of the present invention. Since the addition amount of the solute Si suppressing element is very small, the addition of the solute Si suppressing element does not substantially change the composition of the base molten metal. As a result, the castability determined from the main composition of the base molten metal, the mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy casting obtained by casting the molten metal, and the like are hardly affected by the addition of the solid solution Si suppressing element. That is, according to the manufacturing method of the present invention, the addition of a small amount of a solute Si suppressing element facilitates the effect of suppressing the permanent growth of an aluminum alloy casting without sacrificing the characteristics of the base cast aluminum alloy. Can be added.
本発明の製造方法の場合、前述したように、使用する鋳型や鋳造方法等はいずれでも良い。ここでは、代表的なダイキャスト鋳造を行う場合について説明する。この場合、前記凝固工程の冷却速度は、５〜３０００℃／秒さらには１００〜１０００℃／秒となる。冷却速度がこのように早いと、通常は、Ａｌ基マトリックス中に多量のＳｉが固溶したアルミニウム合金鋳物が得られ易い。しかし、本発明の場合、上述したように、固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素の存在により、Ａｌ基マトリックス中へのＳｉの固溶が抑制され、鋳放し状態のアルミニウム合金鋳物であっても永久成長が抑制される。 In the case of the production method of the present invention, as described above, any mold or casting method may be used. Here, the case where typical die-casting is performed will be described. In this case, the cooling rate of the solidification step is 5 to 3000 ° C./second, further 100 to 1000 ° C./second. When the cooling rate is so high, it is usually easy to obtain an aluminum alloy casting in which a large amount of Si is dissolved in an Al-based matrix. However, in the case of the present invention, as described above, due to the presence of the solid solution Si suppressing element, the solid solution of Si in the Al-based matrix is suppressed, and the permanent growth is suppressed even in an as-cast aluminum alloy casting. Is done.
ちなみに、砂型鋳造の場合の一般的な冷却速度は１０℃／秒以下である。この場合、Ａｌ基マトリックス中に固溶する固溶Ｓｉ自体が少なくなるか、または、一旦Ａｌ基マトリックス中に固溶したＳｉが凝固工程の完了前に析出する。このため、実質的にアルミニウム合金鋳物の永久成長は小さくなり易い。 Incidentally, a general cooling rate in the case of sand mold casting is 10 ° C./second or less. In this case, the solute Si itself that dissolves in the Al-based matrix is reduced, or Si once dissolved in the Al-based matrix precipitates before the completion of the solidification step. For this reason, the permanent growth of the aluminum alloy casting tends to be substantially reduced.
なお、上述した冷却速度は、冷却過程において、冷却曲線が高温側からアルミニウム合金の液相線温度に近づくときに、その冷却曲線の液相線温度における傾きとして定義される。 The cooling rate described above is defined as the slope of the cooling curve at the liquidus temperature when the cooling curve approaches the liquidus temperature of the aluminum alloy from the high temperature side in the cooling process.
本発明では、鋳放し状態でも寸法安定性に優れたアルミニウム合金鋳物が得られるが、鋳造後に熱処理を施すことを排除するものではない。アルミニウム合金鋳物の強度向上を図る観点から溶体化処理と時効処理を加えても良いし、アルミニウム合金鋳物の均質性を向上させるために均質化処理を施しても良い。さらには、鋳造組織を安定化させ寸法安定性を一層高めるために、時効処理を施しても良い。特に、時効処理は、アルミニウム合金鋳物が高温雰囲気で使用される場合に有効である。時効処理の条件は、アルミニウム合金鋳物の使用環境を考慮して決定すれば良いが、例えば、加熱温度：１００〜３００℃で加熱時間：０．５〜２０時間の時効処理を施す強化工程を前記凝固工程後に施すと良い。 In the present invention, an aluminum alloy casting excellent in dimensional stability can be obtained even in an as-cast state, but it does not exclude applying heat treatment after casting. From the viewpoint of improving the strength of the aluminum alloy casting, a solution treatment and an aging treatment may be added, or a homogenization treatment may be performed in order to improve the homogeneity of the aluminum alloy casting. Furthermore, an aging treatment may be applied to stabilize the cast structure and further enhance the dimensional stability. In particular, the aging treatment is effective when the aluminum alloy casting is used in a high temperature atmosphere. The conditions for the aging treatment may be determined in consideration of the use environment of the aluminum alloy casting. For example, the strengthening step of performing the aging treatment at a heating temperature of 100 to 300 ° C. and a heating time of 0.5 to 20 hours is described above. It may be applied after the coagulation step.
なお、いうまでもないが、本発明のアルミニウム合金鋳物にこのような熱処理を付加的に施すことで、アルミニウム合金鋳物製品の永久成長を実質的に零に近づけることも可能となる。 Needless to say, by subjecting the aluminum alloy casting of the present invention to such a heat treatment, the permanent growth of the aluminum alloy casting product can be made substantially zero.
（４）アルミニウム合金鋳物の用途
本発明のアルミニウム合金鋳物は、適宜機械加工等が施された後、種々の用途に利用される。例えば、自動車や二輪車の分野では、ボディ構造用部材、シャシ部材、ホイール、スペースフレーム、ステアリングホイール（芯金）、シートフレーム、サスペンションメンバー、エンジンブロック、ミッションケース、プーリ、オイルパン、シフトレバー、インスツルメントパネル、ドアインパクトパネル、吸気用サージタンク、ペダルブラケット、フロントシュラウドパネル等に本発明のアルミニウム合金鋳物は利用される。そして本発明のアルミニウム合金鋳物は鋳放し状態でも寸法安定性に優れるので、各部材の低コスト化を図り易い。
(4) Use of aluminum alloy casting The aluminum alloy casting of the present invention is used for various purposes after appropriate machining and the like. For example, in the field of automobiles and motorcycles, body structural members, chassis members, wheels, space frames, steering wheels (core bars), seat frames, suspension members, engine blocks, transmission cases, pulleys, oil pans, shift levers, The aluminum alloy casting of the present invention is used for a instrument panel, door impact panel, intake surge tank, pedal bracket, front shroud panel, and the like. Since the aluminum alloy casting of the present invention is excellent in dimensional stability even in an as-cast state, it is easy to reduce the cost of each member.
実施例を挙げて、本発明をより具体的に説明する。
（第１実施例）
（１）試験片の製作
ＪＩＳ ＡＤＣ１２合金をベース材として調製したベース溶湯に、適当な合金元素等を適量添加して、表１に示すような種々の組成の合金溶湯を調製した（溶湯調製工程）。これらの各合金溶湯を用いてダイキャスト鋳造を行った（凝固工程またはダイキャスト鋳造工程）。ダイキャスト鋳造は、１３０ｔダイキャスト鋳造機を用いて行い、射出温度：６４０℃、鋳造圧力：６０ＭＰａとした。鋳物形状（または金型のキャビティ）は、１００ｘ１００ｘ１０ｍｍの板状とした。合金溶湯が凝固する際の冷却速度は、３０〜１０００℃／秒程度であった。こうして得られた各種のアルミニウム合金鋳物から、４０ｘ１０ｘ１０ｍｍの試験片を切り出して、永久成長評価用試験片とした。
The present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples.
(First embodiment)
(1) Manufacture of test pieces An appropriate amount of an appropriate alloy element or the like was added to a base melt prepared using JIS ADC12 alloy as a base material to prepare alloy melts having various compositions as shown in Table 1 (melt preparation process) ). Die casting was performed using each of these molten alloys (solidification process or die casting process). Die-casting was performed using a 130-ton die-casting machine, with an injection temperature of 640 ° C. and a casting pressure of 60 MPa. The casting shape (or mold cavity) was a plate shape of 100 × 100 × 10 mm. The cooling rate when the molten alloy solidifies was about 30 to 1000 ° C./second. A test piece of 40 × 10 × 10 mm was cut out from the various aluminum alloy castings thus obtained and used as a test piece for permanent growth evaluation.
（２）評価試験
上記の各永久成長評価用試験片を用いて、永久成長を測定し、永久成長率を求めた。その結果を表１に併せて示した。
(2) Evaluation test Using each of the above-mentioned test pieces for evaluation of permanent growth, the permanent growth was measured and the permanent growth rate was determined. The results are also shown in Table 1.
この永久成長率は次のようにして求めた。先ず、永久成長評価用試験片の表面に、約３５ｍｍ間隔の２つの圧痕をつけ、圧痕間の距離（ｌ0）を室温（２０℃）で正確に測定する。次に、この圧痕を付けた試験片を大気雰囲気の加熱炉に入れて、１５０℃ｘ１５０時間（９０００分間）加熱する。加熱後の永久成長評価用試験片の圧痕間の距離（ｌ1）を、同じく室温（２０℃）で再び正確に測定する。そして、加熱前後の圧痕間の距離から永久成長評価用試験片の寸法変化（Δｌ＝ｌ0−ｌ1）を算出して、永久成長率（Δｌ／ｌ0 ｘ１００％）を求めた。 This permanent growth rate was obtained as follows. First, two indentations with an interval of about 35 mm are made on the surface of a test piece for permanent growth evaluation, and the distance (l 0 ) between the indentations is accurately measured at room temperature (20 ° C.). Next, the test piece with the indentation is placed in a heating furnace in an air atmosphere and heated at 150 ° C. for 150 hours (9000 minutes). The distance (l 1 ) between the impressions of the test piece for permanent growth evaluation after heating is measured again at room temperature (20 ° C.). Then, the dimensional change (Δl = l 0 −l 1 ) of the test piece for permanent growth evaluation was calculated from the distance between the indentations before and after heating, and the permanent growth rate (Δl / l 0 x100%) was obtained.
（３）評価
表１の結果から明らかなように、本発明の固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素であるＰ、Ｓｂ、Ｚｒ、ＶおよびＮａを適量含む試験片の場合、その永久成長率が全て０．１％以下となっている。さらには、永久成長率が０．０７％以下、０．０６％以下、０．０５％以下および０．０４％以下のものもある。そして、本発明に係る実施例の永久成長率は、比較例に示した従来のベース合金（ＡＤＣ１２相当）の永久成長率と比較して、約１／２以下となっていた。このように実施例の各試験片では、比較例の各試験片に比べて、永久成長が非常に小さかった。
(3) Evaluation As is apparent from the results in Table 1, in the case of test pieces containing appropriate amounts of P, Sb, Zr, V and Na, which are solid solution Si suppressing elements of the present invention, the permanent growth rate is all 0.1. % Or less. Further, there are those having a permanent growth rate of 0.07% or less, 0.06% or less, 0.05% or less, and 0.04% or less. And the permanent growth rate of the Example which concerns on this invention was about 1/2 or less compared with the permanent growth rate of the conventional base alloy (ADC12 equivalent) shown to the comparative example. Thus, in each test piece of an Example, permanent growth was very small compared with each test piece of a comparative example.
（第２実施例）
第１実施例と同じようにして製造した各種の永久成長評価用試験片（４０ｘ１０ｘ１０ｍｍ）を用意して、加熱時間と永久成長率との関係を調べた。その結果を図１に示した。ここで用意した試験片の組成は、ＪＩＳ ＡＤＣ１２合金をベースとしたものに、Ｐ等の固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素を微量添加したものである。具体的には、Ｐ：０．００５質量％（５０ｐｐｍ）、Ｐ：０．５質量％（５０００ｐｐｍ）、Ｓｂ：０．０５質量％（５００ｐｐｍ）、Ｎａ：０．００５質量％（５０ｐｐｍ）である。また、Ｓｒを０．０４質量％添加したものも併せて示した。なお、Ｎａの添加には、Ｎａ系フラックスを使用した。
(Second embodiment)
Various test pieces for permanent growth evaluation (40 × 10 × 10 mm) manufactured in the same manner as in the first example were prepared, and the relationship between the heating time and the permanent growth rate was examined. The results are shown in FIG. The composition of the test piece prepared here is obtained by adding a trace amount of a solid solution Si suppressing element such as P to the base of JIS ADC12 alloy. Specifically, P: 0.005 mass% (50 ppm), P: 0.5 mass% (5000 ppm), Sb: 0.05 mass% (500 ppm), Na: 0.005 mass% (50 ppm). . Moreover, what added 0.04 mass% of Sr was also shown collectively. Na-based flux was used for adding Na.
図１の結果から、次のことが分かる。先ず、Ｐ、ＳｂまたはＮａといった固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素を含有する試験片（アルミニウム合金鋳物）は、ベースとなるＡＤＣ１２の試験片やＳｒを含有する試験片と比べて、永久成長率が０．１２％程度から０．１％以下に低下していることが分かる。特に、Ｐは０．００５質量％（５０ｐｐｍ）程度の少量でも十分な永久成長率の低減効果があることが確認された。一方、Ｐが０．５質量％（５０００ｐｐｍ）と多くなっても、その効果に変化がなく、飽和することも分かった。 The following can be understood from the results of FIG. First, a test piece (aluminum alloy casting) containing a solid solution Si suppressing element such as P, Sb, or Na has a permanent growth rate of 0.12 as compared with a test piece of ADC12 as a base or a test piece containing Sr. It can be seen that the percentage has decreased from about% to 0.1% or less. In particular, it was confirmed that even if P is a small amount of about 0.005 mass% (50 ppm), it has a sufficient effect of reducing the permanent growth rate. On the other hand, even if P increased to 0.5 mass% (5000 ppm), it turned out that the effect does not change and is saturated.
このような永久成長率の低減効果は、ＳｂやＮａといった他の固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素でも同様であるが、Ｓｒではその効果がないことが確認された。 The effect of reducing the permanent growth rate is the same for other solid solution Si suppressing elements such as Sb and Na, but it has been confirmed that Sr has no effect.
さらに、永久成長率は、約５０００〜６０００分間（８０〜１００時間）程度の加熱で最大となり、それ以降は飽和状態となることも確認された。この点から、第１実施例の１５０時間は、的確で安定した永久成長率を判断するのに十分な加熱時間であったといえる。 Furthermore, it was confirmed that the permanent growth rate reached its maximum after heating for about 5000 to 6000 minutes (80 to 100 hours) and thereafter became saturated. From this point, it can be said that the 150 hours of the first example was a heating time sufficient to judge an accurate and stable permanent growth rate.
Claims (16)
さらに、該鋳造アルミニウム合金からなる合金溶湯を冷却して凝固させる冷却凝固工程で、該合金溶湯中からＳｉの晶出を促進してＡｌ基マトリックス中に固溶するＳｉ量を低減する固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素を、全体を１００質量％としたときに合計で０．０００１〜０．５質量％含み、
鋳放し状態でも寸法安定性に優れたアルミニウム合金鋳物が得られることを特徴とする鋳造アルミニウム合金。 A cast aluminum alloy comprising silicon (Si), the main balance being aluminum (Al),
Further, in the cooling and solidification step of cooling and solidifying the molten alloy made of the cast aluminum alloy, solute Si that promotes crystallization of Si from the molten alloy and reduces the amount of Si dissolved in the Al-based matrix. Including a total of 0.0001 to 0.5% by mass of inhibitory elements when the total is 100% by mass,
A cast aluminum alloy characterized in that an aluminum alloy cast excellent in dimensional stability can be obtained even in an as-cast state.
銅（Ｃｕ）：１〜４質量％、マグネシウム（Ｍｇ）：０．０１〜１質量％、ニッケル（Ｎｉ）：０．０１〜１質量％、マンガン（Ｍｎ）：０．０１〜１質量％、鉄（Ｆｅ）：０．０１〜２質量％、亜鉛（Ｚｎ）：０．０１〜２質量％、クロム（Ｃｒ）：０．０１〜１質量％、チタン（Ｔｉ）：０．０１〜０．３質量％、ストロンチウム（Ｓｒ）：０．００１〜０．１質量％およびカルシウム（Ｃａ）：０．０００１〜０．１質量％の少なくとも１種以上を含む請求項４に記載の鋳造アルミニウム合金。 Furthermore, when the whole is 100% by mass,
Copper (Cu): 1-4 mass%, Magnesium (Mg): 0.01-1 mass%, Nickel (Ni): 0.01-1 mass%, Manganese (Mn): 0.01-1 mass%, Iron (Fe): 0.01-2 mass%, zinc (Zn): 0.01-2 mass%, chromium (Cr): 0.01-1 mass%, titanium (Ti): 0.01-0. The cast aluminum alloy according to claim 4, comprising at least one of 3 mass%, strontium (Sr): 0.001 to 0.1 mass%, and calcium (Ca): 0.0001 to 0.1 mass%.
Ｓｉ：９〜１２質量％と、
Ｃｕ：１〜４質量％と、
該鋳造アルミニウム合金からなる合金溶湯を冷却して凝固させる冷却凝固工程で、該合金溶湯中からＳｉの晶出を促進してＡｌ基マトリックス中に固溶するＳｉ量を低減する固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素を０．０００１〜０．５質量％と、
残部がＡｌおよび不可避不純物とからなり、
鋳放し状態でも寸法安定性に優れたアルミニウム合金鋳物が得られることを特徴とする鋳造アルミニウム合金。 When the total is 100% by mass,
Si: 9-12 mass%,
Cu: 1-4 mass%,
In the cooling and solidification step of cooling and solidifying the molten alloy made of the cast aluminum alloy, a solid solution Si suppressing element that promotes crystallization of Si from the molten alloy and reduces the amount of Si dissolved in the Al-based matrix. 0.0001 to 0.5 mass%,
The balance consists of Al and inevitable impurities,
A cast aluminum alloy characterized in that an aluminum alloy cast excellent in dimensional stability can be obtained even in an as-cast state.
Ｓｉ：９〜１２質量％と、
Ｃｕ：１〜４質量％と、
Ｍｇ：０．０１〜１質量％と、
Ｎｉ：０．０１〜１質量％と、
Ｍｎ：０．０１〜１質量％と、
Ｆｅ：０．０１〜２質量％と、
Ｚｎ：０．０１〜２質量％と、
該鋳造アルミニウム合金からなる合金溶湯を冷却して凝固させる冷却凝固工程で、該合金溶湯中からＳｉの晶出を促進してＡｌ基マトリックス中に固溶するＳｉ量を低減する固溶Ｓｉ抑制元素を０．０００１〜０．５質量％と、
残部がＡｌおよび不可避不純物とからなり、
鋳放し状態でも寸法安定性に優れたアルミニウム合金鋳物が得られることを特徴とする鋳造アルミニウム合金。 When the total is 100% by mass,
Si: 9-12 mass%,
Cu: 1-4 mass%,
Mg: 0.01-1 mass%,
Ni: 0.01-1 mass%,
Mn: 0.01-1% by mass,
Fe: 0.01-2 mass%,
Zn: 0.01-2 mass%,
In the cooling and solidification step of cooling and solidifying the molten alloy made of the cast aluminum alloy, a solid solution Si suppressing element that promotes crystallization of Si from the molten alloy and reduces the amount of Si dissolved in the Al-based matrix. 0.0001 to 0.5 mass%,
The balance consists of Al and inevitable impurities,
A cast aluminum alloy characterized in that an aluminum alloy cast excellent in dimensional stability can be obtained even in an as-cast state.
該合金溶湯を鋳型のキャビティに入れて冷却凝固させる凝固工程とからなり、
該凝固工程後の鋳放し状態でも寸法安定性に優れたアルミニウム合金鋳物が得られることを特徴とするアルミニウム合金鋳物の製造方法。 A melt preparation step of preparing a molten alloy comprising the cast aluminum alloy according to claim 1, 6 or 8,
It comprises a solidification step in which the molten alloy is put into a mold cavity and cooled and solidified,
An aluminum alloy casting production method characterized in that an aluminum alloy casting excellent in dimensional stability is obtained even in an as-cast state after the solidification step.
Priority Applications (1)
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