JP2005116830A - Porous silica, manufacturing method thereof and application thereof - Google Patents
Porous silica, manufacturing method thereof and application thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2005116830A JP2005116830A JP2003349978A JP2003349978A JP2005116830A JP 2005116830 A JP2005116830 A JP 2005116830A JP 2003349978 A JP2003349978 A JP 2003349978A JP 2003349978 A JP2003349978 A JP 2003349978A JP 2005116830 A JP2005116830 A JP 2005116830A
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- porous silica
- film
- acid
- integer
- alkoxysilanes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 242
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- -1 halide ion Chemical group 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920000233 poly(alkylene oxides) Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 43
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 20
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 16
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 13
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 8
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 6
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 6
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- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 5
- QQZOPKMRPOGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxohexane Chemical compound CCCCC(C)=O QQZOPKMRPOGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N diacetone alcohol Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)(C)O SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 4
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- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Caprylic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012776 electronic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004868 gas analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RWNUSVWFHDHRCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxypropan-2-ol Chemical compound CCCCOCC(C)O RWNUSVWFHDHRCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JOLQKTGDSGKSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethoxypropan-2-ol Chemical compound CCOCC(C)O JOLQKTGDSGKSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PAMIQIKDUOTOBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylpiperidine Chemical compound CN1CCCCC1 PAMIQIKDUOTOBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OJVAMHKKJGICOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-hexanedione Chemical compound CC(=O)CCC(C)=O OJVAMHKKJGICOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCO OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SBASXUCJHJRPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound COCCOCCO SBASXUCJHJRPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QPRQEDXDYOZYLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutan-1-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)CO QPRQEDXDYOZYLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ALYNCZNDIQEVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminobenzoic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 ALYNCZNDIQEVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIQCNGHVCWTJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl phthalate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OC NIQCNGHVCWTJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical compound CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229920002415 Pluronic P-123 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- VDZOOKBUILJEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC VDZOOKBUILJEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M (2r)-2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound CCCC[C@@H](CC)C([O-])=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、多孔質シリカの製造方法、多孔質シリカおよび該多孔質シリカを用いてなる半導体用材料、半導体装置に関する。より詳細には、光機能材料、電子機能材料などに使用することができる有機残渣が低減された多孔質シリカの製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for producing porous silica, porous silica, a semiconductor material using the porous silica, and a semiconductor device. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for producing porous silica with reduced organic residue that can be used for optical functional materials, electronic functional materials, and the like.
均一なメソ細孔を持つ多孔質の無機酸化物は、従来の無機酸化物に比べ、大きな細孔を有し、細孔容積および表面積が大きいため、触媒担体、分離吸着剤、燃料電池、センサーへの利用が検討されている。 Porous inorganic oxides with uniform mesopores have larger pores and larger pore volumes and surface areas than conventional inorganic oxides, so catalyst carriers, separated adsorbents, fuel cells, sensors The use for is considered.
このような均一なメソ細孔を持つ酸化物の製造法に関しては、有機化合物を利用して無機物の構造制御を利用した方法が、新規な形状、構造が得られるため注目されている。特に有機化合物と無機化合物の自己組織化を利用することで合成される均一なメソ細孔を持つ酸化物は、従来の酸化物に比べ、高い細孔容積、表面積を持つことが知られている。ここで言う均一なメソ細孔を持つ酸化物とは、酸化物中に細孔が規則正しく配置(周期的な細孔構造)しているため、X線回折法による測定で構造規則性を示す回折ピークの存在が認められるものを指す。 As for a method for producing oxides having such uniform mesopores, a method utilizing an inorganic compound structure control using an organic compound has attracted attention because a novel shape and structure can be obtained. In particular, oxides with uniform mesopores synthesized by utilizing self-organization of organic and inorganic compounds are known to have higher pore volume and surface area than conventional oxides. . Oxides with uniform mesopores referred to here are diffractions that exhibit structural regularity as measured by X-ray diffraction because the pores are regularly arranged in the oxide (periodic pore structure). This refers to the presence of a peak.
有機化合物と無機化合物との自己組織化を利用した均一なメソ細孔を持つ酸化物の製造方法としては、例えば、国際公開91/11390号パンフレットには、シリカゲルと界面活性剤などを用いて、密封した耐熱性容器内で水熱合成することにより製造する方法が記載されている。また、Bull. Chem. Soc. Jp誌, 1990年, 63巻, 988頁には、層状ケイ酸塩の一種であるカネマイトと界面活性剤とのイオン交換により製造する方法が記載されている。 As a method for producing an oxide having uniform mesopores utilizing self-organization of an organic compound and an inorganic compound, for example, International Publication No. 91/11390 pamphlet uses silica gel and a surfactant, A method of producing by hydrothermal synthesis in a sealed heat-resistant container is described. Further, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jp, 1990, 63, page 988 describes a method of producing by ion exchange between kanemite, which is a kind of layered silicate, and a surfactant.
このような均一なメソ細孔を持つ酸化物を光機能材料、電子機能材料などに用いるために、近年、その形態をフィルム状に調製することが報告されている。 In order to use such oxides having uniform mesopores for optical functional materials, electronic functional materials, etc., it has been reported in recent years that the form is prepared in the form of a film.
例えば、Nature誌, 1996年, 379巻, 703頁、J. Am. Chem. Soc.誌, 1999年, 121巻, 7618頁などには、アルコキシシランの縮合物と界面活性剤とからなるゾル液中に基板を浸漬し、その基板表面に多孔質シリカを析出させてフィルム状に形成する方法が記載されている。さらに、Supramolecular Science誌, 1988年, 5巻, 247頁、Adv. Mater.誌, 1998年,
10巻, 1280頁、Nature誌, 1997年, 389巻, 364頁、あるいはNature誌, 1999年, 398巻, 233頁などには、アルコキシシラン類の縮合物と界面活性剤とを有機溶媒に混合した溶液
を基板に塗布し、次いで有機溶媒を蒸発させて基板上にフィルムを調製する方法が記載されている。
For example, in Nature, 1996, 379, 703, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1999, 121, 7618, etc., a sol solution comprising a condensate of alkoxysilane and a surfactant is described. A method is described in which a substrate is immersed therein and porous silica is deposited on the surface of the substrate to form a film. Furthermore, Supramolecular Science, 1988, 5, 247, Adv. Mater., 1998,
Vol. 10, 1280, Nature, 1997, 389, 364, or Nature, 1999, 398, 233, etc., mixed alkoxysilane condensate and surfactant in organic solvent A method is described in which a solution is applied to a substrate and then the organic solvent is evaporated to prepare a film on the substrate.
このうち、前者の基板表面に多孔質シリカを析出する方法では調製に長時間を要し、また、粉体として析出する多孔質シリカが多く歩留まりが悪いなどの欠点がある。このため、後者の有機溶媒を蒸発させる方法の方が多孔質シリカフィルムの調製には優れるとされている。 Among these, the former method of depositing porous silica on the substrate surface requires a long time for preparation, and has many disadvantages such as a large amount of porous silica deposited as a powder and poor yield. For this reason, the latter method of evaporating the organic solvent is considered to be superior for the preparation of the porous silica film.
上記の有機溶媒を蒸発させて基板上にフィルムを調製する方法において、用いられる溶媒としては、たとえば、特開2000−38509号公報には、多価アルコールグリコールエーテル溶媒、グリコールアセテートエーテル溶媒、アミド系溶媒、ケトン系溶媒、カルボン酸エステル溶媒などが記載されている。また国際公開99/03926号パンフレット(特許文献1)には、アミド結合を有する有機溶媒や、エステル結合を有する有機溶
媒など、種々の溶媒が記載されている。
In the method of preparing a film on a substrate by evaporating the organic solvent, examples of the solvent used include polyhydric alcohol glycol ether solvent, glycol acetate ether solvent, amide type in JP 2000-38509 A, for example. Solvents, ketone solvents, carboxylic acid ester solvents and the like are described. International Publication No. 99/03926 (Patent Document 1) describes various solvents such as an organic solvent having an amide bond and an organic solvent having an ester bond.
一方、最近、このような多孔質シリカフィルムを光機能材料、電子機能材料などに用いるに際し、膜中の有機化合物の残渣が問題となっている。例えば、有機化合物が残存する膜を電子材料として層間絶縁膜として使用する場合、高集積回路(LSI)製造工程における熱負荷によって有機化合物が揮発し脱離することがある。この場合、装置の汚染や膜の密着性低下が生じてしまうことがある。 On the other hand, recently, when such a porous silica film is used for an optical functional material, an electronic functional material or the like, a residue of an organic compound in the film has become a problem. For example, when a film in which an organic compound remains is used as an interlayer insulating film as an electronic material, the organic compound may volatilize and desorb due to a thermal load in a highly integrated circuit (LSI) manufacturing process. In this case, the device may be contaminated or the adhesion of the film may be reduced.
この多孔質シリカフィルム中に残存する有機化合物は、溶媒や、細孔形成のために添加される界面活性剤と推測されるが、これまで詳細な解析は報告されていない。またそれを除去するための方法としては、焼成や溶媒での洗浄が一般的に行われている。例えば、塗布後の膜を空気雰囲気で焼成する方法が報告されている(例えば、Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc.誌, 1998年, 109頁(非特許文献1))。この方法は、細孔形成のために添加さ
れた界面活性剤を除去し多孔質シリカを得る最も一般的な方法であり、通常550℃以上で焼成すると有機化合物は全て酸化され完全に除去することが可能である。しかしながら、例えば、多孔質シリカフィルムを層間絶縁膜として使用する場合、このような温度で焼成すると、配線に用いられる銅が高温によって絶縁膜中に拡散してしまうため電気特性が著しく低下してしまうことがある。また、層間絶縁膜内には比誘電率の高いH2Oの吸着
を抑制するために、フィルム調製時に疎水性官能基を持つ化合物が添加されるが、酸素存在雰囲気下で焼成すると、その疎水性官能基まで酸化され、膜の性能が著しく低下してしまうことがある。
The organic compound remaining in the porous silica film is presumed to be a solvent or a surfactant added for pore formation, but no detailed analysis has been reported so far. Further, as a method for removing it, firing and washing with a solvent are generally performed. For example, a method of firing the coated film in an air atmosphere has been reported (for example, Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 1998, page 109 (Non-patent Document 1)). This method is the most general method for obtaining porous silica by removing the surfactant added for pore formation. Usually, when calcination is performed at 550 ° C. or higher, all organic compounds are oxidized and completely removed. Is possible. However, for example, when a porous silica film is used as an interlayer insulating film, if it is baked at such a temperature, copper used for wiring diffuses into the insulating film at a high temperature, so that the electrical characteristics are significantly reduced. Sometimes. In addition, in order to suppress the adsorption of H 2 O having a high relative dielectric constant in the interlayer insulating film, a compound having a hydrophobic functional group is added during film preparation. Oxidizing functional groups may result in a significant decrease in membrane performance.
そのため、このような材料においては、450℃以下の温度で減圧下やN2雰囲気下で
有機物を除去する方法が多数報告されている(例えば、国際公開99/03926号パンフレット(特許文献1)、特開2001−164186号公報(特許文献2)、J. Am. Chem. Soc.誌, 2000年, 122巻, 5258頁(非特許文献2))。しかしながら、この方法を追試して膜を製造し、得られた膜を昇温脱離ガス分析(TDS)測定を行うと、膜中に有機化合物が存在することが確認され、半導体材料として用いるには充分な性能を有する膜が得られるとは言えない。
Therefore, in such materials, many methods for removing organic substances at a temperature of 450 ° C. or lower under reduced pressure or N 2 atmosphere have been reported (for example, International Publication No. 99/03926 (Patent Document 1), JP 2001-164186 A (patent document 2), J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2000, 122, 5258 (non-patent document 2)). However, when this method is followed and a film is manufactured, and temperature-programmed desorption gas analysis (TDS) measurement is performed on the obtained film, it is confirmed that an organic compound is present in the film, so that it can be used as a semiconductor material. It cannot be said that a film having sufficient performance can be obtained.
一方、溶媒で膜を洗浄し、膜から有機化合物を抽出し洗浄する方法が提案されている(特開2000−219770号公報(特許文献3))。この方法では、膜に熱負荷が掛からないため、膜中に有機官能基が存在している場合に有用である。しかしながら、抽出洗浄に使用された溶媒は廃棄物削減やコストダウンのために、回収して再利用する必要があり,そのための設備が別途必要となる問題点がある。 On the other hand, a method of washing a membrane with a solvent and extracting and washing an organic compound from the membrane has been proposed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-219770 (Patent Document 3)). This method is useful when an organic functional group is present in the film because no thermal load is applied to the film. However, there is a problem that the solvent used for the extraction washing needs to be recovered and reused for the purpose of reducing waste and reducing the cost, and equipment for that purpose is required separately.
また、熱負荷を掛けずに膜から有機揮発成分を除去する方法として、減圧下にてエキシマランプを用いた光酸化方法が提案されている(Chem. Mater.誌, 2000年, 12巻, 12号, 3842頁(非特許文献3))。しかしながら、この方法では、高価な装置が必要であり、また、一度に複数の膜を処理することが不可能であるため生産性に問題がある。
本発明は、上記のような従来技術に伴う課題を解決するものであって、光機能材料や電子機能材料に用いることのできる有機残渣が低減された多孔質シリカの製造方法、多孔質シリカおよび該多孔質シリカを用いてなる半導体用材料、半導体装置を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention solves the problems associated with the prior art as described above, and is a method for producing porous silica with reduced organic residues that can be used in optical functional materials and electronic functional materials, porous silica, and An object is to provide a semiconductor material and a semiconductor device using the porous silica.
本発明者らは、上記課題を解決するため鋭意検討した結果、前記の有機化合物を含む多孔質シリカをH2O雰囲気下で焼成することにより、有機残渣を著しく低減できることを
見出し、本発明に至った。
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that organic residue can be remarkably reduced by firing porous silica containing the organic compound in an H 2 O atmosphere. It came.
すなわち、本発明の多孔質シリカの製造方法は、多孔質シリカ前駆体をH2O含有雰囲
気下で焼成して、該前駆体中に含まれる有機化合物を除去することを特徴とする。
That is, the method for producing porous silica of the present invention is characterized in that a porous silica precursor is baked in an atmosphere containing H 2 O to remove an organic compound contained in the precursor.
前記焼成温度は260℃から450℃の範囲であることが好ましく、また、前記H2O
含有雰囲気中のH2O圧が0.05kPa〜50kPaの範囲であることが好ましい。
The firing temperature is preferably in the range of 260 ° C. to 450 ° C., and the H 2 O
The H 2 O pressure in the contained atmosphere is preferably in the range of 0.05 kPa to 50 kPa.
前記多孔質シリカ前駆体が、アルコキシシラン類の部分的な加水分解縮合物と界面活性剤とを含んでなる溶液から得られることが好ましい。 The porous silica precursor is preferably obtained from a solution containing a partial hydrolysis condensate of alkoxysilanes and a surfactant.
前記アルコキシシラン類が、
下記一般式(I)
(CYH2Y+1O)4-nSi((CH2)a(CF2)b(O(CF2)c)dX)n
...(I)
(式中、Y=1〜4、n=0〜3、a=0〜3、b=0〜10、c=1〜3、d=0〜3の整数、XはF、CF3、OCF3、CF(CF3)2、OCF(CF3)2、OC(CF3)3、C6HeF5-e、C6He(CF3)5-e、H、CfH2f+1、またはC6H5のいずれかを示し、e=0〜4、f=1〜3の整数である。)、および/または
下記一般式(II)
(CZH2Z+1O)3SiRSi(OCZH2Z+1)3 ...(II)
(式中、Zは1〜4の整数、Rはアルキレン基、またはフェニレン基を示す)
で表わされる少なくとも1種以上のアルコキシシラン類であることが好ましい。
The alkoxysilanes are
The following general formula (I)
(C Y H 2Y + 1 O) 4-n Si ((CH 2 ) a (CF 2 ) b (O (CF 2 ) c ) d X) n
. . . (I)
(Wherein, Y = 1-4, n = 0-3, a = 0-3, b = 0-10, c = 1-3, d = 0-3, X is F, CF 3 , OCF 3, CF (CF 3) 2 , OCF (CF 3) 2, OC (CF 3) 3, C 6 H e F 5-e, C 6 H e (CF 3) 5-e, H, C f H 2f +1 or C 6 H 5 , which is an integer of e = 0 to 4 and f = 1 to 3), and / or the following general formula (II)
(C Z H 2Z + 1 O ) 3 SiRSi (OC Z H 2Z + 1) 3. . . (II)
(In the formula, Z represents an integer of 1 to 4, R represents an alkylene group or a phenylene group)
It is preferable that it is at least 1 or more types of alkoxysilanes represented by these.
また、前記界面活性剤が、
一般式(III)
[CnH2n+1(N(CH3)2)a(CH2)m]N(CH3)2(ClH2l+1)・X(1+a)
...(III)
(式中、aは0または1であり、nは8〜24の整数、mは0〜12の整数、lは1〜24の整数であり、Xはハロゲン化物イオン、HSO4 -または1価の有機アニオンである。)で表される4級アンモニウム塩と、
一般式(IV)
CnH2n+1NH2 ...(IV)
(式中、nは6〜24の整数を示す)で表される有機アミンと、
ポリアルキレンオキシド構造を含有する化合物と
からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種であることが好ましい。
In addition, the surfactant is
General formula (III)
[C n H 2n + 1 (N (CH 3 ) 2 ) a (CH 2 ) m ] N (CH 3 ) 2 (C l H 2l + 1 ) · X (1 + a)
. . . (III)
(In the formula, a is 0 or 1, n is an integer of 8 to 24, m is an integer of 0 to 12, l is an integer of 1 to 24, X is a halide ion, HSO 4 − or monovalent. A quaternary ammonium salt represented by the following formula:
Formula (IV)
C n H 2n + 1 NH 2 . . . (IV)
(Wherein n represents an integer of 6 to 24),
It is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of a compound containing a polyalkylene oxide structure.
上記の製造方法により、本発明の多孔質シリカが得られる。また、フィルム状に成型された本発明の多孔質シリカフィルムは、半導体材料に用いることができる。さらに、本発明の半導体装置は、上記半導体用材料が用いられる。 The porous silica of this invention is obtained by said manufacturing method. Moreover, the porous silica film of the present invention formed into a film can be used as a semiconductor material. Furthermore, the semiconductor material described above is used in the semiconductor device of the present invention.
本発明により、有機残渣が著しく低減された多孔質シリカを提供することができる。このような多孔質シリカの中でも、多孔質シリカフィルムは光機能材料や電子機能材料に大変好適に用いることができ、特に半導体用材料としての層間絶縁膜に好適に用いることができる。 According to the present invention, porous silica with significantly reduced organic residues can be provided. Among such porous silicas, the porous silica film can be used very suitably for an optical functional material and an electronic functional material, and can be particularly suitably used for an interlayer insulating film as a semiconductor material.
以下、本発明について具体的に説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described.
本発明に係る多孔質シリカの製造方法は、多孔質シリカ前駆体をH2O含有雰囲気下で
焼成して該前駆体中に含まれる有機化合物を除去する方法である。この除去される有機化合物は、実質的に珪素を含まない有機化合物であって、珪素の含有率が1質量%以下であり、好ましくは0.5質量%以下である。さらに、この有機化合物は、焼成によって除去される際には、気体状態で除去されることが好ましい。
The method for producing porous silica according to the present invention is a method in which an organic compound contained in the precursor is removed by firing the porous silica precursor in an atmosphere containing H 2 O. The organic compound to be removed is an organic compound that does not substantially contain silicon, and the silicon content is 1% by mass or less, preferably 0.5% by mass or less. Further, when the organic compound is removed by baking, it is preferably removed in a gaseous state.
また、多孔質シリカ前駆体は、特に制限されるものではないが、具体的には少なくとも炭素、水素、珪素、酸素、フッ素を含有する多孔質前駆体であり、特に好ましくは、加水分解縮合物と界面活性剤とを主成分として含有する多孔質前駆体である。 Further, the porous silica precursor is not particularly limited, but specifically is a porous precursor containing at least carbon, hydrogen, silicon, oxygen, and fluorine, and particularly preferably a hydrolysis condensate. And a porous precursor containing a surfactant as main components.
このような多孔質シリカ前駆体を製造するには、アルコキシシラン類の部分的な加水分解縮合物と界面活性剤とを含んでなる溶液を用いる方法を挙げることができる。本発明においては、アルコキシシラン類の部分的な加水分解縮合物と界面活性剤とを含んでなる溶液(以下、多孔質シリカ形成用溶液ともいう)、さらにこの多孔質シリカ形成用溶液から得られる多孔質シリカ前駆体を例として説明する。 In order to produce such a porous silica precursor, a method using a solution comprising a partial hydrolysis-condensation product of alkoxysilanes and a surfactant can be mentioned. In the present invention, a solution comprising a partially hydrolyzed condensate of alkoxysilanes and a surfactant (hereinafter also referred to as a porous silica forming solution), and further obtained from this porous silica forming solution. A porous silica precursor will be described as an example.
まず、多孔質シリカ形成用溶液について説明する。 First, the porous silica forming solution will be described.
多孔質シリカ形成用溶液
本発明において用いられる多孔質シリカ形成用溶液は、それぞれ後述するアルコキシシラン類、触媒、水、および界面活性剤、さらに必要に応じて溶媒を添加して数分〜5時間程度攪拌して得ることができる。
Porous silica-forming solution The porous silica-forming solution used in the present invention is a few minutes to 5 hours by adding alkoxysilanes, a catalyst, water, and a surfactant, as described later, and a solvent as required. It can be obtained with stirring.
以下、上記各成分について説明する。
(アルコキシシラン類)
アルコキシシラン類は、特に限定されるものではないが、下記一般式(I)
(CYH2Y+1O)4-nSi((CH2)a(CF2)b(O(CF2)c)dX)n
...(I)
(式中、Y=1〜4、n=0〜3、a=0〜3、b=0〜10、c=1〜3、d=0〜3の整数、XはF、CF3、OCF3、CF(CF3)2、OCF(CF3)2、OC(CF3)3、C6HeF5-e、C6He(CF3)5-e、H、CfH2f+1、またはC6H5のいずれかを示し、e=0〜4、f=1〜3の整数である。)、および/または
下記一般式(II)
(CZH2Z+1O)3SiRSi(OCZH2Z+1)3 ...(II)
(式中、Zは1〜4の整数、Rはアルキレン基、またはフェニレン基を示す)
で表わされる少なくとも1種以上のアルコキシシラン類であることが好ましい。
Hereafter, each said component is demonstrated.
(Alkoxysilanes)
Alkoxysilanes are not particularly limited, but the following general formula (I)
(C Y H 2Y + 1 O) 4-n Si ((CH 2 ) a (CF 2 ) b (O (CF 2 ) c ) d X) n
. . . (I)
(Wherein, Y = 1-4, n = 0-3, a = 0-3, b = 0-10, c = 1-3, d = 0-3, X is F, CF 3 , OCF 3, CF (CF 3) 2 , OCF (CF 3) 2, OC (CF 3) 3, C 6 H e F 5-e, C 6 H e (CF 3) 5-e, H, C f H 2f +1 or C 6 H 5 , which is an integer of e = 0 to 4 and f = 1 to 3), and / or the following general formula (II)
(C Z H 2Z + 1 O ) 3 SiRSi (OC Z H 2Z + 1) 3. . . (II)
(In the formula, Z represents an integer of 1 to 4, R represents an alkylene group or a phenylene group)
It is preferable that it is at least 1 or more types of alkoxysilanes represented by these.
上記の(I)式のCH2基、CF2基、O(CF2)c基の並び方は任意であり、(CH2
)連鎖、(CF2)連鎖、(O(CF2)c)連鎖が順に連結された構造に限定される訳で
はない。
The arrangement of the CH 2 group, the CF 2 group, and the O (CF 2 ) c group in the above formula (I) is arbitrary, and (CH 2
The structure is not limited to a structure in which a chain), a chain (CF 2 ), and a chain (O (CF 2 ) c ) are sequentially connected.
上記アルコキシシラン類の具体例としては、テトラメトキシシラン、テトラエトキシシラン、テトライソプロポキシシラン、テトラブチルシラン等の4級アルコキシシラン;
トリメトキシフルオロシラン、トリエトキシフルオロシラン、トリイソプロポキシフルオロシラン、トリブトキシフルオロシラン等の3級アルコキシフルオロシラン;
CF3(CF2)3CH2CH2Si(OCH3)3、CF3(CF2)5CH2CH2Si(OCH3)3、CF3(CF2)7CH2CH2Si(OCH3)3、CF3(CF2)9CH2CH2Si(OCH3)3、(CF3)2CF(CF2)4CH2CH2Si(OCH3)3、(CF3)2CF(CF2)6CH2CH2Si(OCH3)3、(CF3)2CF(CF2)8CH2CH2Si(OCH3)3、CF3(C6H4)CH2CH2Si(OCH3)3、CF3(CF2)3(C6H4)CH2CH2Si(OCH3)3、CF3(CF2)5(C6H4)CH2CH2Si(OCH3)3、
CF3(CF2)7(C6H4)CH2CH2Si(OCH3)3、CF3(CF2)3CH2CH2SiCH3(OCH3)2、CF3(CF2)5CH2CH2SiCH3(OCH3)2、CF3(CF2)7CH2CH2SiCH3(OCH3)2、CF3(CF2)9CH2CH2SiCH3(OCH3)2、(CF3)2CF(CF2)4CH2CH2SiCH3(OCH3)2、(CF3)2CF(CF2)6CH2CH2SiCH3(OCH3)2、(CF3)2CF(CF2)8CH2CH2SiC
H3(OCH3)2、CF3(C6H4)CH2CH2SiCH3(OCH3)2、CF3(CF2)3(C6H4)CH2CH2SiCH3(OCH3)2、CF3(CF2)5(C6H4)CH2CH2SiCH3(OCH3)2、CF3(CF2)7(C6H4)CH2CH2SiCH3(OCH3)2、
CF3(CF2)3CH2CH2Si(OCH2CH3)3、CF3(CF2)5CH2CH2Si(
OCH2CH3)3、CF3(CF2)7CH2CH2Si(OCH2CH3)3、CF3(CF2)9CH2CH2Si(OCH2CH3)3等のフッ素含有アルコキシシラン;
トリメトキシメチルシラン、トリエトキシメチルシラン、トリメトキシエチルシラン、トリエトキシエチルシラン、トリメトキシプロピルシラン、トリエトキシプロピルシラン等の3級アルコキシアルキルシラン;
トリメトキシフェニルシラン、トリエトキシフェニルシラン、トリメトキシクロロフェニルシラン、トリエトキシクロロフェニルシラン等の3級アルコキシアリールシラン;
トリメトキシフェネチルシラン、トリエトキシフェネチルシラン等の3級アルコキシフェネチルシラン;
ジメトキシジメチルシラン、ジエトキシジメチルシラン等の2級アルコキシアルキルシラン等が挙げられる。これらのうちでは、フッ素含有の3級アルコキシシラン、テトラエトキシシランを用いることが好ましく、特に好ましくはテトラエトキシシランである。
Specific examples of the alkoxysilanes include quaternary alkoxysilanes such as tetramethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, tetraisopropoxysilane, and tetrabutylsilane;
Tertiary alkoxyfluorosilanes such as trimethoxyfluorosilane, triethoxyfluorosilane, triisopropoxyfluorosilane, tributoxyfluorosilane;
CF 3 (CF 2 ) 3 CH 2 CH 2 Si (OCH 3 ) 3 , CF 3 (CF 2 ) 5 CH 2 CH 2 Si (OCH 3 ) 3 , CF 3 (CF 2 ) 7 CH 2 CH 2 Si (OCH 3 ) 3 , CF 3 (CF 2 ) 9 CH 2 CH 2 Si (OCH 3 ) 3 , (CF 3 ) 2 CF (CF 2 ) 4 CH 2 CH 2 Si (OCH 3 ) 3 , (CF 3 ) 2 CF (CF 2) 6 CH 2 CH 2 Si (OCH 3) 3, (CF 3) 2 CF (CF 2) 8 CH 2 CH 2 Si (OCH 3) 3, CF 3 (C 6 H 4) CH 2 CH 2 Si (OCH 3 ) 3 , CF 3 (CF 2 ) 3 (C 6 H 4 ) CH 2 CH 2 Si (OCH 3 ) 3 , CF 3 (CF 2 ) 5 (C 6 H 4 ) CH 2 CH 2 Si ( OCH 3 ) 3 ,
CF 3 (CF 2 ) 7 (C 6 H 4 ) CH 2 CH 2 Si (OCH 3 ) 3 , CF 3 (CF 2 ) 3 CH 2 CH 2 SiCH 3 (OCH 3 ) 2 , CF 3 (CF 2 ) 5 CH 2 CH 2 SiCH 3 (OCH 3 ) 2 , CF 3 (CF 2 ) 7 CH 2 CH 2 SiCH 3 (OCH 3 ) 2 , CF 3 (CF 2 ) 9 CH 2 CH 2 SiCH 3 (OCH 3 ) 2 , (CF 3 ) 2 CF (CF 2 ) 4 CH 2 CH 2 SiCH 3 (OCH 3 ) 2 , (CF 3 ) 2 CF (CF 2 ) 6 CH 2 CH 2 SiCH 3 (OCH 3 ) 2 , (CF 3 ) 2 CF (CF 2 ) 8 CH 2 CH 2 SiC
H 3 (OCH 3 ) 2 , CF 3 (C 6 H 4 ) CH 2 CH 2 SiCH 3 (OCH 3 ) 2 , CF 3 (CF 2 ) 3 (C 6 H 4 ) CH 2 CH 2 SiCH 3 (OCH 3 ) 2 , CF 3 (CF 2 ) 5 (C 6 H 4 ) CH 2 CH 2 SiCH 3 (OCH 3 ) 2 , CF 3 (CF 2 ) 7 (C 6 H 4 ) CH 2 CH 2 SiCH 3 (OCH 3 2
CF 3 (CF 2 ) 3 CH 2 CH 2 Si (OCH 2 CH 3 ) 3 , CF 3 (CF 2 ) 5 CH 2 CH 2 Si (
OCH 2 CH 3) 3, CF 3 (CF 2) 7 CH 2 CH 2 Si (OCH 2 CH 3) 3, CF 3 (CF 2) 9 CH 2 CH 2 Si (OCH 2 CH 3) Fluorine-containing 3 such Alkoxysilanes;
Tertiary alkoxyalkylsilanes such as trimethoxymethylsilane, triethoxymethylsilane, trimethoxyethylsilane, triethoxyethylsilane, trimethoxypropylsilane, triethoxypropylsilane;
Tertiary alkoxyarylsilanes such as trimethoxyphenylsilane, triethoxyphenylsilane, trimethoxychlorophenylsilane, triethoxychlorophenylsilane;
Tertiary alkoxy phenethyl silane such as trimethoxy phenethyl silane, triethoxy phenethyl silane;
Secondary alkoxyalkylsilanes such as dimethoxydimethylsilane and diethoxydimethylsilane are exemplified. Of these, fluorine-containing tertiary alkoxysilane and tetraethoxysilane are preferably used, and tetraethoxysilane is particularly preferable.
アルコキシシラン類は、これらから選ばれる1種または2種以上組み合わせて用いることができる。 Alkoxysilanes can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
また、このようなアルコキシシラン類と共に、さらにポリアルキレンオキシド基を有するアルコキシシラン類を用いることもできる。このポリアルキレンオキシド基含有アルコキシシラン類としては、CH3O(CH2CH2O)6(CH2)3Si(OCH3)3、CH3
O(CH2CH2O)7(CH2)3Si(OCH3)3、CH3O(CH2CH2O)8(CH2)3Si(OCH3)3、CH3O(CH2CH2O)9(CH2)3Si(OCH3)3等が挙げら
れる。
In addition to such alkoxysilanes, alkoxysilanes having a polyalkylene oxide group can also be used. Examples of the polyalkylene oxide group-containing alkoxysilane include CH 3 O (CH 2 CH 2 O) 6 (CH 2 ) 3 Si (OCH 3 ) 3 , CH 3
O (CH 2 CH 2 O) 7 (CH 2) 3 Si (OCH 3) 3, CH 3 O (CH 2 CH 2 O) 8 (CH 2) 3 Si (OCH 3) 3, CH 3 O (CH 2 CH 2 O) 9 (CH 2 ) 3 Si (OCH 3 ) 3 and the like.
以下、単に「アルコキシシラン類」というときは、ポリアルキレンオキシド基を有さないアルコキシシラン類を指すものとする。
(触媒)
また、多孔質シリカ形成用溶液を調製する際に用いられる触媒としては、酸触媒またはアルカリ触媒から選ばれる少なくとも1種を使用する。
Hereinafter, the term “alkoxysilanes” refers to alkoxysilanes having no polyalkylene oxide group.
(catalyst)
Moreover, as a catalyst used when preparing the solution for forming porous silica, at least one selected from an acid catalyst or an alkali catalyst is used.
酸触媒としては、無機酸および有機酸を挙げることができ、無機酸としては、例えば、塩酸、硝酸、硫酸、フッ酸、リン酸、ホウ酸、臭化水素酸などを挙げることができる。ま
た、有機酸としては、例えば、酢酸、プロピオン酸、ブタン酸、ペンタン酸、ヘキサン酸、ヘプタン酸、オクタン酸、ノナン酸、デカン酸、シュウ酸、マレイン酸、メチルマロン酸、アジピン酸、セバシン酸、没食子酸、酪酸、メリット酸、アラキドン酸、シキミ酸、2−エチルヘキサン酸、オレイン酸、ステアリン酸、リノール酸、リノレイン酸、サリチル酸、安息香酸、p−アミノ安息香酸、p−トルエンスルホン酸、ベンゼンスルホン酸、モノクロロ酢酸、ジクロロ酢酸、トリクロロ酢酸、トリフルオロ酢酸、ギ酸、マロン酸、スルホン酸、フタル酸、フマル酸、クエン酸、酒石酸、コハク酸、フマル酸、イタコン酸、メサコン酸、シトラコン酸、リンゴ酸などを挙げることができる。
Examples of the acid catalyst include inorganic acids and organic acids, and examples of the inorganic acid include hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrofluoric acid, phosphoric acid, boric acid, hydrobromic acid, and the like. Examples of the organic acid include acetic acid, propionic acid, butanoic acid, pentanoic acid, hexanoic acid, heptanoic acid, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, decanoic acid, oxalic acid, maleic acid, methylmalonic acid, adipic acid, and sebacic acid. Gallic acid, butyric acid, meritic acid, arachidonic acid, shikimic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, salicylic acid, benzoic acid, p-aminobenzoic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, Benzenesulfonic acid, monochloroacetic acid, dichloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, formic acid, malonic acid, sulfonic acid, phthalic acid, fumaric acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, mesaconic acid, citraconic acid And malic acid.
アルカリ触媒としては、アンモニウム塩および窒素含有化合物を挙げることができ、アンモニウム塩としては、例えば水酸化テトラメチルアンモニウム、水酸化テトラエチルアンモニウム、水酸化テトラプロピルアンモニウム、水酸化テトラブチルアンモニウムなどを挙げることができる。窒素含有化合物としては、例えばピリジン、ピロール、ピペリジン、1−メチルピペリジン、2−メチルピペリジン、3−メチルピペリジン、4−メチルピペリジン、ピペラジン、1−メチルピペラジン、2−メチルピペラジン、1,4−ジメチルピペラジン、ピロリジン、1−メチルピロリジン、ピコリン、モノエタノールアミン、ジエタノールアミン、ジメチルモノエタノールアミン、モノメチルジエタノールアミン、トリエタノールアミン、ジアザビシクロオクラン、ジアザビシクロノナン、ジアザビシクロウンデセン、2−ピラゾリン、3−ピロリン、キヌキリジン、アンモニア、メチルアミン、エチルアミン、プロピルアミン、ブチルアミン、N,N−ジメチルアミン、N,N−ジエチルアミン、N,N−ジプロピルアミン、N,N−ジブチルアミン、トリメチルアミン、トリエチルアミン、トリプロピルアミン、トリブチルアミンなどを挙げることができる。
(溶媒)
多孔質シリカ形成用溶液を調製する際に用られる溶剤としては、例えば、メタノール、エタノール、n−プロパノール、i−プロパノール、n−ブタノール、i−ブタノール、sec−ブタノール、t−ブタノール、n−ペンタノール、i−ペンタノール、2−メチルブタノール、sec−ペンタノール、t−ペンタノール、3−メトキシブタノール、n−ヘキサノール、2−メチルペンタノール、sec−ヘキサノール、2−エチルブタノール、sec−ヘプタノール、ヘプタノール−3、n−オクタノール、2−エチルヘキサノール、sec−オクタノール、n−ノニルアルコール、2,6−ジメチルヘプタノール−4、n−デカノール、sec−ウンデシルアルコール、トリメチルノニルアルコール、sec−テトラデシルアルコール、sec−ヘプタデシルアルコール、フェノール、シクロヘキサノール、メチルシクロヘキサノール、3,3,5−トリメチルシクロヘキサノール、ベンジルアルコール、フェニルメチルカルビノール、ジアセトンアルコール、クレゾールなどのモノアルコール系溶媒;
エチレングリコール、1,2−プロピレングリコール、1,3−ブチレングリコール、ペンタンジオール−2,4、2−メチルペンタンジオール−2,4、ヘキサンジオール−2,5、ヘプタンジオール−2,4、2−エチルヘキサンジオール−1,3、ジエチレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール、トリエチレングリコール、トリプロピレングリコール、グリセリンなどの多価アルコール系溶媒;
アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、メチル−n−プロピルケトン、メチル−n−ブチルケトン、ジエチルケトン、メチル−i−ブチルケトン、メチル−n−ペンチルケトン、エチル−n−ブチルケトン、メチル−n−ヘキシルケトン、ジ−i−ブチルケトン、トリメチルノナノン、シクロヘキサノン、2−ヘキサノン、メチルシクロヘキサノン、2,4−ペンタンジオン、アセトニルアセトン、ジアセトンアルコール、アセトフェノン、フェンチョンなどのケトン系溶媒;
エチルエーテル、i−プロピルエーテル、n−ブチルエーテル、n−ヘキシルエーテル、2−エチルヘキシルエーテル、エチレンオキシド、1,2−プロピレンオキシド、ジオキソラン、4−メチルジオキソラン、ジオキサン、ジメチルジオキサン、エチレングリコ
ールモノメチルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、エチレングリコールジエチルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノ−n−ブチルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノ−n−ヘキシルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノフェニルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノ−2−エチルブチルエーテル、エチレングリコールジブチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジエチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノ−n−ブチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジ−n−ブチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノ−n−ヘキシルエーテル、エトキシトリグリコール、テトラエチレングリコールジ−n−ブチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノプロピルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノブチルエーテル、ジプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、ジプロピレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、トリプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、テトラヒドロフラン、2−メチルテトラヒドロフランなどのエーテル系溶媒;
ジエチルカーボネート、酢酸メチル、酢酸エチル、γ−ブチロラクトン、γ−バレロラクトン、酢酸n−プロピル、酢酸i−プロピル、酢酸n−ブチル、酢酸i−ブチル、酢酸sec−ブチル、酢酸n−ペンチル、酢酸sec−ペンチル、酢酸3−メトキシブチル、酢酸メチルペンチル、酢酸2−エチルブチル、酢酸2−エチルヘキシル、酢酸ベンジル、酢酸シクロヘキシル、酢酸メチルシクロヘキシル、酢酸n−ノニル、アセト酢酸メチル、アセト酢酸エチル、酢酸エチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、酢酸エチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、酢酸ジエチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、酢酸ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、酢酸ジエチレングリコールモノ−n−ブチルエーテル、酢酸プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、酢酸プロピレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、酢酸プロピレングリコールモノプロピルエーテル、酢酸プロピレングリコールモノブチルエーテル、酢酸ジプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、酢酸ジプロピレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、ジ酢酸グリコール、酢酸メトキシトリグリコール、プロピオン酸エチル、プロピオン酸n−ブチル、プロピオン酸i−アミル、シュウ酸ジエチル、シュウ酸ジ−n−ブチル、乳酸メチル、乳酸エチル、乳酸n−ブチル、乳酸n−アミル、マロン酸ジエチル、フタル酸ジメチル、フタル酸ジエチルなどのエステル系溶媒;
N−メチルホルムアミド、N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド、N,N−ジエチルホルムアミド、アセトアミド、N−メチルアセトアミド、N,N−ジメチルアセトアミド、N−メチルプロピオンアミド、N−メチルピロリドンなどの含窒素系溶媒;などを挙げることができる。溶媒は、これらから選ばれる1種または2種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。
(界面活性剤)
多孔質シリカ形成用溶液を調製する際に用いられる界面活性剤としては、通常、長鎖アルキル基および親水基を有する化合物を使用することができる。長鎖アルキル基としては、好ましくは炭素原子数8〜24のもの、さらに好ましくは炭素原子数12〜18のものが望ましく、また、親水基としては、例えば、4級アンモニウム塩、アミノ基、ニトロソ基、ヒドロキシル基、カルボキシル基、アミノ基等が挙げられ、なかでも4級アンモニウム塩、またはヒドロキシル基であることが望ましい。
Examples of the alkali catalyst include ammonium salts and nitrogen-containing compounds. Examples of the ammonium salt include tetramethylammonium hydroxide, tetraethylammonium hydroxide, tetrapropylammonium hydroxide, and tetrabutylammonium hydroxide. it can. Examples of the nitrogen-containing compound include pyridine, pyrrole, piperidine, 1-methylpiperidine, 2-methylpiperidine, 3-methylpiperidine, 4-methylpiperidine, piperazine, 1-methylpiperazine, 2-methylpiperazine, 1,4-dimethyl. Piperazine, pyrrolidine, 1-methylpyrrolidine, picoline, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, dimethylmonoethanolamine, monomethyldiethanolamine, triethanolamine, diazabicycloocrane, diazabicyclononane, diazabicycloundecene, 2-pyrazoline, 3-pyrroline, quinuclidine, ammonia, methylamine, ethylamine, propylamine, butylamine, N, N-dimethylamine, N, N-diethylamine, N, N-dipropylamine, N, - dibutylamine, may be mentioned trimethylamine, triethylamine, tripropylamine, tributylamine and the like.
(solvent)
Examples of the solvent used when preparing the porous silica forming solution include methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, i-propanol, n-butanol, i-butanol, sec-butanol, t-butanol, and n-pen. Tanol, i-pentanol, 2-methylbutanol, sec-pentanol, t-pentanol, 3-methoxybutanol, n-hexanol, 2-methylpentanol, sec-hexanol, 2-ethylbutanol, sec-heptanol, Heptanol-3, n-octanol, 2-ethylhexanol, sec-octanol, n-nonyl alcohol, 2,6-dimethylheptanol-4, n-decanol, sec-undecyl alcohol, trimethylnonyl alcohol, sec-tetradecyl alcohol sec- heptadecyl alcohol, phenol, cyclohexanol, methyl cyclohexanol, 3,3,5-trimethyl cyclohexanol, benzyl alcohol, phenyl methyl carbinol, diacetone alcohol, mono-alcohol solvents such as cresol;
Ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, pentanediol-2,4, 2-methylpentanediol-2,4, hexanediol-2,5, heptanediol-2,4, 2- Polyhydric alcohol solvents such as ethylhexanediol-1,3, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, glycerin;
Acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl-n-propyl ketone, methyl-n-butyl ketone, diethyl ketone, methyl-i-butyl ketone, methyl-n-pentyl ketone, ethyl-n-butyl ketone, methyl-n-hexyl ketone, di-i- Ketone solvents such as butyl ketone, trimethylnonanone, cyclohexanone, 2-hexanone, methylcyclohexanone, 2,4-pentanedione, acetonylacetone, diacetone alcohol, acetophenone, fencheon;
Ethyl ether, i-propyl ether, n-butyl ether, n-hexyl ether, 2-ethylhexyl ether, ethylene oxide, 1,2-propylene oxide, dioxolane, 4-methyldioxolane, dioxane, dimethyldioxane, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol Monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-n-hexyl ether, ethylene glycol monophenyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-2-ethylbutyl ether, ethylene glycol dibutyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether , Diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, diethylene glycol di-n-butyl ether, diethylene glycol mono-n-hexyl ether, ethoxytriglycol, tetraethylene glycol di-n-butyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol mono Ether solvents such as propyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoethyl ether, tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran;
Diethyl carbonate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, γ-butyrolactone, γ-valerolactone, n-propyl acetate, i-propyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, i-butyl acetate, sec-butyl acetate, n-pentyl acetate, sec -Pentyl, 3-methoxybutyl acetate, methylpentyl acetate, 2-ethylbutyl acetate, 2-ethylhexyl acetate, benzyl acetate, cyclohexyl acetate, methyl cyclohexyl acetate, n-nonyl acetate, methyl acetoacetate, ethyl acetoacetate, ethylene glycol monomethyl acetate Ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl acetate Chill ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol monopropyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, dipropylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, glycol diacetate, methoxytriglycol acetate, ethyl propionate, N-butyl propionate, i-amyl propionate, diethyl oxalate, di-n-butyl oxalate, methyl lactate, ethyl lactate, n-butyl lactate, n-amyl lactate, diethyl malonate, dimethyl phthalate, phthalic acid Ester solvents such as diethyl;
Nitrogen-containing solvents such as N-methylformamide, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-diethylformamide, acetamide, N-methylacetamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N-methylpropionamide, N-methylpyrrolidone; And so on. A solvent can be used combining 1 type (s) or 2 or more types chosen from these.
(Surfactant)
As the surfactant used in preparing the porous silica forming solution, a compound having a long-chain alkyl group and a hydrophilic group can be usually used. The long chain alkyl group preferably has 8 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms, and examples of the hydrophilic group include quaternary ammonium salts, amino groups, nitroso Group, hydroxyl group, carboxyl group, amino group, and the like. Among them, a quaternary ammonium salt or a hydroxyl group is desirable.
そのような界面活性剤として具体的には、一般式(III)
[CnH2n+1(N(CH3)2)a(CH2)m]N(CH3)2(ClH2l+1)・X(1+a)
...(III)
(式中、aは0または1であり、nは8〜24の整数、mは0〜12の整数、lは1〜24の整数であり、Xはハロゲン化物イオン、HSO4 -または1価の有機アニオンである。)で表される4級アンモニウム塩の使用が好ましい。
Specific examples of such surfactants include general formula (III)
[C n H 2n + 1 (N (CH 3 ) 2 ) a (CH 2 ) m ] N (CH 3 ) 2 (C l H 2l + 1 ) · X (1 + a)
. . . (III)
(In the formula, a is 0 or 1, n is an integer of 8 to 24, m is an integer of 0 to 12, l is an integer of 1 to 24, X is a halide ion, HSO 4 − or monovalent. It is preferable to use a quaternary ammonium salt represented by the following formula:
また、一般式(IV)
CnH2n+1NH2 ...(IV)
(式中、nは6〜24の整数を示す)で表される有機アミンの使用も好ましい。
In addition, general formula (IV)
C n H 2n + 1 NH 2 . . . (IV)
It is also preferable to use an organic amine represented by the formula (wherein n represents an integer of 6 to 24).
上記一般式で表される界面活性剤は、ミセルを形成し、規則的に配列する。本発明においては、このミセルを鋳型として、シリカと界面活性剤とが複合体をつくり、鋳型を除去すると均一で規則的な配列の細孔を有する多孔質シリカフィルムを調製することができる。 The surfactant represented by the above general formula forms micelles and is regularly arranged. In the present invention, using this micelle as a template, a silica and a surfactant form a complex, and when the template is removed, a porous silica film having uniform and regularly arranged pores can be prepared.
また、界面活性剤としては、ポリアルキレンオキサイド構造を有する化合物も使用できる。 As the surfactant, a compound having a polyalkylene oxide structure can also be used.
ポリアルキレンオキシド構造としてはポリエチレンオキシド構造、ポリプロピレンオキシド構造、ポリテトラメチレンオキシド構造、ポリブチレンオキシド構造などが挙げられる。 Examples of the polyalkylene oxide structure include a polyethylene oxide structure, a polypropylene oxide structure, a polytetramethylene oxide structure, and a polybutylene oxide structure.
そのようなポリアルキレンオキサイド構造を有する化合物としては、具体的には、ポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレンブロックコポリマー、ポリオキシエチレンポリオキシブチレンブロックコポリマー、ポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレンアルキルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルフェニルエーテルなどのエーテル型化合物;ポリオキシエチレングリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、ポリエチレンソルビトール脂肪酸エステル、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、プロピレングリコール脂肪酸エステル、ショ糖脂肪酸エステルなどのエーテルエステル型化合物などを挙げることができる。 Specific examples of such a compound having a polyalkylene oxide structure include polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block copolymers, polyoxyethylene polyoxybutylene block copolymers, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers. Ether type compounds such as polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether; ether ester types such as polyoxyethylene glycerin fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyethylene sorbitol fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, propylene glycol fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester A compound etc. can be mentioned.
本発明において、界面活性剤は、これらから選ばれる1種または2種以上を組み合わせて用いることもできる。 In the present invention, the surfactant may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
上記界面活性剤の使用量は、使用する界面活性剤の種類やアルコキシシラン類の種類によって異なってくるが、通常、界面活性剤のモル数がアルコキシシラン類のモル数に対して0.001〜1.5倍の範囲であることが好ましく、0.003〜0.3倍の範囲がより好ましい。 The amount of the surfactant used varies depending on the type of surfactant used and the type of alkoxysilane, but usually the number of moles of surfactant is 0.001 to the number of moles of alkoxysilanes. A range of 1.5 times is preferable, and a range of 0.003 to 0.3 times is more preferable.
本発明に用いられる多孔質シリカ形成用溶液は、上記したようなアルコキシシラン類、触媒、水、および界面活性剤、さらに必要に応じて溶媒を添加して数分〜5時間程度攪拌して得ることができる。また、アルコキシシラン類、触媒、水、さらに必要に応じて溶媒を添加して数分〜5時間程度攪拌して反応溶液(A)を調製し、アルコキシシラン類、ポリアルキレンオキシド基を有するアルコキシシラン類、触媒、水、さらに必要に応じて溶媒を添加して数分〜5時間程度攪拌して反応溶液(B)を調製し、さらに界面活性剤を溶媒に溶解して溶液(C)を調製し、溶液(A)と溶液(C)とを混合した後、この混合溶液を溶液(B)に添加し混合するか、溶液(B)と溶液(C)とを混合した後、この混合溶液を溶液(A)に添加し混合して得ることもできる。 The solution for forming porous silica used in the present invention is obtained by adding alkoxysilanes, a catalyst, water and a surfactant as described above, and further adding a solvent as necessary, and stirring for several minutes to 5 hours. be able to. In addition, alkoxysilanes, catalyst, water, and if necessary, a solvent is added and stirred for about several minutes to 5 hours to prepare a reaction solution (A). The alkoxysilanes and alkoxysilanes having a polyalkylene oxide group A catalyst, water, and if necessary, a solvent is added and stirred for several minutes to 5 hours to prepare a reaction solution (B). Further, a surfactant is dissolved in the solvent to prepare a solution (C). After mixing the solution (A) and the solution (C), the mixed solution is added to the solution (B) and mixed, or the solution (B) and the solution (C) are mixed, and then the mixed solution Can be added to the solution (A) and mixed.
アルコキシシラン類、触媒、界面活性剤の形態は特に制限はなく、固体状態、溶媒に溶解した状態等の何れの形態であってもよい。また、溶液の製造方法も公知の方法を制限無く用いることができる。また、界面活性剤とアルコキシシラン類との組み合わせ、モル比などを制御することにより、2D−ヘキサゴナル構造、3D−ヘキサゴナル構造、キュービック構造などの周期的な細孔構造を有する多孔質シリカフィルムを得ることもできる。 The forms of alkoxysilanes, catalysts, and surfactants are not particularly limited, and may be any form such as a solid state or a state dissolved in a solvent. Moreover, the manufacturing method of a solution can also use a well-known method without a restriction | limiting. Further, by controlling the combination of the surfactant and the alkoxysilane, the molar ratio, and the like, a porous silica film having a periodic pore structure such as a 2D-hexagonal structure, a 3D-hexagonal structure, or a cubic structure is obtained. You can also.
このような多孔質シリカ形成用溶液を用いて、多孔質シリカ前駆体を製造し、次いでこの前駆体を用いて本発明の多孔質シリカを製造する。 A porous silica precursor is produced using such a porous silica forming solution, and then the porous silica of the present invention is produced using this precursor.
多孔質シリカ前駆体の製造
多孔質シリカ前駆体は、特に限定されず、従来の方法により形成することができる。具体的には、粉体状の多孔質シリカ前駆体を得るためには、多孔質シリカ形成用溶液中で、熟成によってアルコキシシラン類の加水分解重縮合を進行させて複合体粒子を沈殿させ、この溶液を乾燥させる。また、複合体粒子が沈殿していない多孔質シリカ形成用溶液であっても、気相中に噴霧し乾燥することによって粉体状の多孔質シリカ前駆体が得られる。
Production of porous silica precursor The porous silica precursor is not particularly limited and can be formed by a conventional method. Specifically, in order to obtain a powdery porous silica precursor, in the porous silica forming solution, the hydrolysis polycondensation of alkoxysilanes is advanced by aging to precipitate composite particles, The solution is dried. Moreover, even if it is the solution for porous silica formation in which the composite particle | grains do not precipitate, a powdery porous silica precursor is obtained by spraying in a gaseous phase and drying.
また、フィルム形状の多孔質シリカ前駆体を得る方法としては、基板上に多孔質シリカ形成用溶液をディップコート法、スピンコート法、キャスティング法等の一般的な方法により塗布し、乾燥する方法が挙げられる。特に、多孔質シリカ前駆体の形状がフィルム状の場合、電子材料や光学材料としての用途に多く利用されるため好ましい。 Further, as a method for obtaining a film-shaped porous silica precursor, there is a method in which a porous silica forming solution is applied on a substrate by a general method such as a dip coating method, a spin coating method, or a casting method and then dried. Can be mentioned. In particular, when the shape of the porous silica precursor is a film, it is preferable because it is used in many applications as an electronic material or an optical material.
多孔質シリカ前駆体をフィルム状に形成する場合に用いる基板としては、一般的に用いられるものであれば何れのものも使用できる。例えば、ガラス、石英、シリコンウエハー、ステンレス等が挙げられる。また、これらは板状、皿状等の何れの形状であってもよい。 As the substrate used for forming the porous silica precursor into a film, any substrate can be used as long as it is generally used. For example, glass, quartz, a silicon wafer, stainless steel, etc. are mentioned. Moreover, these may be any shape such as a plate shape or a dish shape.
基板に塗布する方法として、例えば、スピンコート法の場合、スピナー上に基板を置き、該基板上に試料を滴下し、500〜10000rpmで回転させて塗膜を形成した後、所定の条件で乾燥させることにより、アルコキシシラン類の加水分解縮合化合物と界面活性剤とを主成分として含有するフィルム状の多孔質シリカ前駆体が得られる。 As a method of applying to the substrate, for example, in the case of spin coating, a substrate is placed on a spinner, a sample is dropped on the substrate, and a coating film is formed by rotating at 500 to 10,000 rpm, and then dried under predetermined conditions. By doing so, a film-like porous silica precursor containing a hydrolytic condensation compound of alkoxysilanes and a surfactant as main components is obtained.
多孔質シリカの製造方法
本発明の多孔質シリカは、上記のような多孔質シリカ前駆体を、さらにH2O含有雰囲
気下で焼成し、この前駆体中に含まれる有機化合物を除去することにより製造される。この有機化合物は、実質的に珪素を含まない有機化合物であって、本発明においてはアルコキシ基やアルキレン基等の基も含まれる。
Production method of porous silica The porous silica of the present invention is obtained by further firing a porous silica precursor as described above in an atmosphere containing H 2 O and removing an organic compound contained in the precursor. Manufactured. This organic compound is an organic compound that does not substantially contain silicon, and in the present invention, groups such as an alkoxy group and an alkylene group are also included.
このようにして得られる多孔質シリカは、溶媒、界面活性剤および未反応のアルコキシ基等の有機残渣となる有機化合物が著しく低減されている。 In the porous silica thus obtained, organic compounds that become organic residues such as a solvent, a surfactant and an unreacted alkoxy group are remarkably reduced.
通常、焼成前の多孔質シリカ前駆体には、溶媒、アルコキシシラン類の加水分解で生じるアルコール成分、界面活性剤、およびアルコキシシラン類の一部の加水分解されなかったアルコキシ基などの有機化合物が含まれており、これらの有機化合物を除去することによって多孔質シリカフィルムが得られる。 Usually, the porous silica precursor before firing includes organic compounds such as a solvent, an alcohol component generated by hydrolysis of alkoxysilanes, a surfactant, and a part of alkoxysilanes that are not hydrolyzed. A porous silica film is obtained by removing these organic compounds.
これら有機化合物の除去は、一般的には焼成により行われるが、極性の高い溶媒は膜表面上のシラノール基と強く相互作用するため、熱によって除去されにくい。一方、加水分解されなかったアルコキシ基を除去するためには、酸素導入による酸化除去または高温による熱分解除去が一般的に行われている。 The removal of these organic compounds is generally carried out by calcination, but a highly polar solvent strongly interacts with silanol groups on the film surface and is therefore difficult to remove by heat. On the other hand, in order to remove the non-hydrolyzed alkoxy group, oxidative removal by introducing oxygen or thermal decomposition removal at high temperature is generally performed.
しかしながら、電子材料などに多孔質シリカを応用する場合には、高温にさらすことができない場合が多い。例えば、層間絶縁膜として使用する場合には、一般的なLSI製造工程で許容される温度上限は400℃である。これ以上の温度であれば、配線に使用される銅の凝集や膜内への拡散により電気特性が低下することがある。そのため、一般的に焼成温度は400℃以下で実施されることが殆どである。 However, when porous silica is applied to an electronic material or the like, it cannot be exposed to high temperatures in many cases. For example, when used as an interlayer insulating film, the upper limit temperature allowed in a general LSI manufacturing process is 400 ° C. If the temperature is higher than this, electrical characteristics may deteriorate due to aggregation of copper used for wiring and diffusion into the film. Therefore, in general, the firing temperature is generally carried out at 400 ° C. or lower.
しかしながら、本発明者らによる検討の結果、多孔質シリカ前駆体の焼成温度が400℃以下では、膜中に多量の有機化合物が残渣として存在することがわかった。 However, as a result of investigations by the present inventors, it has been found that when the firing temperature of the porous silica precursor is 400 ° C. or less, a large amount of organic compound is present as a residue in the film.
これらの有機化合物が残存した膜にハードマスクやバリア膜等の膜を形成した場合、多孔質シリカフィルムとの密着性が悪く、膜剥がれが生じたり、熱により生成する脱ガスにより膜膨れが起きてしまう可能性がある。従って、400℃以下の焼成温度で、有機残渣を極力低減する方法は大変有用であると考えられる。 When a film such as a hard mask or a barrier film is formed on a film in which these organic compounds remain, the adhesion to the porous silica film is poor, the film peels off, or the film swells due to degassing generated by heat. There is a possibility that. Therefore, it is considered that a method of reducing organic residues as much as possible at a firing temperature of 400 ° C. or less is very useful.
本発明者らは、多孔質シリカ中の有機残渣を低減するため、鋭意検討した結果、H2O
を導入した雰囲気中で多孔質シリカ前駆体の焼成を行ったところ、驚くべきことに400℃以下の温度であってもシリカ前駆体中の有機残渣が極めて効率良く除去されることを見出した。すなわち、400℃以下の温度での焼成で有機残渣を低減するためには、H2O
含有雰囲気とすることが重要である。H2Oを導入することによって、極性の高い溶媒や
加水分解されなかったアルコキシ基等がH2Oと反応して加水分解されて揮散するため、
有機残渣が極めて効率良く除去されると推察される。
In order to reduce the organic residue in the porous silica, the present inventors have intensively studied, and as a result, H 2 O
As a result of firing the porous silica precursor in an atmosphere in which the organic precursor was introduced, it was surprisingly found that the organic residue in the silica precursor was removed extremely efficiently even at a temperature of 400 ° C. or lower. That is, in order to reduce organic residues by baking at a temperature of 400 ° C. or lower, H 2 O
It is important to have a contained atmosphere. By introducing H 2 O, a highly polar solvent or an alkoxy group that has not been hydrolyzed reacts with H 2 O to be hydrolyzed and volatilized.
It is assumed that the organic residue is removed extremely efficiently.
このように、本発明の多孔質シリカを層間絶縁膜として使用する場合には、多孔質シリカ前駆体の焼成温度は400℃以下とすることが好ましい。しかしながら、本発明の多孔質シリカが有機官能基によって修飾されている場合や、多孔質シリカをその他の半導体材料に用いる場合や、さらに製造装置への適用等を考慮すると、焼成温度は450℃以下が好ましい。さらに好ましくは下限が260℃であり上限は450℃の範囲であり、特に好ましい上限値は400℃である。この範囲内であれば、多孔質シリカ中に存在する有機化合物の残渣が効率的に低減される。この範囲より高い温度では、当然、有機残渣は低減するが、上述の理由から焼成温度の上限は450℃が好ましい。 Thus, when using the porous silica of this invention as an interlayer insulation film, it is preferable that the calcination temperature of a porous silica precursor shall be 400 degrees C or less. However, when the porous silica of the present invention is modified with an organic functional group, when the porous silica is used for other semiconductor materials, and further considering application to a manufacturing apparatus, the firing temperature is 450 ° C. or lower. Is preferred. More preferably, the lower limit is 260 ° C., the upper limit is in the range of 450 ° C., and the particularly preferred upper limit is 400 ° C. If it is in this range, the residue of the organic compound which exists in porous silica will be reduced efficiently. Naturally, the organic residue is reduced at a temperature higher than this range, but the upper limit of the firing temperature is preferably 450 ° C. for the reasons described above.
また、焼成雰囲気は、大気中、不活性ガス中、真空中あるいは酸素濃度が制御された不活性ガスや真空中のいずれにおいても、H2Oを導入することによって行うことができる
。
The firing atmosphere can be carried out by introducing H 2 O in the air, in an inert gas, in a vacuum, or in an inert gas or vacuum in which the oxygen concentration is controlled.
H2Oの導入方法は、H2Oが気体(蒸気)の状態でも液体の状態でも、焼成時にH2O
が存在するのであればいずれの状態であっても構わない。
Method for introducing H 2 O, even in a liquid state even when the H 2 O is a gas (vapor), H 2 O during firing
As long as there exists, any state may be used.
しかしながら、多孔質シリカは細孔壁が非常に薄いため、焼成雰囲気中にH2Oが多量
に存在すると膜中のシロキサン結合が加水分解して溶解するため、細孔構造が崩壊してしまう危険性がある。そのため、多孔性を保持したまま有機残渣を低減させるためには、特にH2O導入量を制御することが好ましい。H2O導入量は、H2Oの分圧が0.05kP
a〜50kPaの範囲が好ましい。特に好ましい範囲は、0.05〜25kPaである。この範囲内であれば多孔質シリカ中の有機化合物の残渣がLSI製造工程で問題となることはなく、また、多孔質シリカの細孔構造も崩壊するということはない。
However, since porous silica has a very thin pore wall, if a large amount of H 2 O is present in the firing atmosphere, the siloxane bond in the film is hydrolyzed and dissolved, and the pore structure may collapse. There is sex. Therefore, in order to reduce the organic residue while maintaining the porosity, it is particularly preferable to control the amount of H 2 O introduced. The amount of H 2 O introduced is such that the partial pressure of H 2 O is 0.05 kP.
The range of a-50kPa is preferable. A particularly preferable range is 0.05 to 25 kPa. Within this range, the residue of the organic compound in the porous silica does not cause a problem in the LSI manufacturing process, and the porous structure of the porous silica does not collapse.
このような焼成方法により、比較的低温(260℃〜450℃)で焼成しても多孔質シリカ中に残存する有機化合物を著しく低減させることができ、しかも多孔質シリカが本来有する高度に制御された構造や強度を維持することが可能である。 By such a firing method, the organic compound remaining in the porous silica can be remarkably reduced even when fired at a relatively low temperature (260 ° C. to 450 ° C.), and the porous silica is inherently highly controlled. It is possible to maintain the structure and strength.
このようにして得られる本発明の多孔質シリカ中の有機残渣は、昇温脱離ガス分析(TDS)測定によって確認することができる。TDS測定は、本発明においては電子科学製EMD−WA1000Sを用いて、圧力4×10-7Paまで減圧し、80℃から1000℃まで昇温速度30℃/分の条件で実施される。 The organic residue in the porous silica of the present invention thus obtained can be confirmed by temperature programmed desorption gas analysis (TDS) measurement. In the present invention, the TDS measurement is carried out under the condition of using a EMD-WA1000S manufactured by Denshi Kagaku, reducing the pressure to 4 × 10 −7 Pa, and increasing the temperature from 80 ° C. to 1000 ° C. at a rate of temperature increase of 30 ° C./min.
また、得られた多孔質シリカの細孔は、断面TEM観察や細孔分布測定により、平均細孔径で0.5nm〜10nmを有することを確認することができる。 Moreover, it can confirm that the pore of the obtained porous silica has 0.5 nm-10 nm by an average pore diameter by cross-sectional TEM observation or pore distribution measurement.
また、界面活性剤とアルコキシシラン類との組み合わせ、モル比などを制御することに
より、2D−ヘキサゴナル構造、3D−ヘキサゴナル構造、キュービック構造などの周期的な細孔構造を有する多孔質シリカフィルムを得ることができる。この周期的な細孔構造は、X線回折(CuKα)により、面間隔が1.3nm〜13nmの範囲で回折ピークを有することから確認される。
Further, by controlling the combination of the surfactant and the alkoxysilane, the molar ratio, etc., a porous silica film having a periodic pore structure such as a 2D-hexagonal structure, a 3D-hexagonal structure, or a cubic structure is obtained. be able to. This periodic pore structure is confirmed by X-ray diffraction (CuKα) from having a diffraction peak in the range of 1.3 to 13 nm in the face spacing.
本発明において多孔質シリカフィルムの比誘電率は、シリコン基板上の多孔質フィルム表面と基板に用いたシリコンウエハーの裏面に蒸着法によりアルミニウム電極を作成し、25℃、相対湿度50%の雰囲気下、周波数100kHzにて常法により測定することができる。 In the present invention, the relative dielectric constant of the porous silica film is such that an aluminum electrode is formed on the surface of the porous film on the silicon substrate and the back surface of the silicon wafer used for the substrate by vapor deposition, and the atmosphere is 25 ° C. and the relative humidity is 50%. It can be measured by a conventional method at a frequency of 100 kHz.
また、本発明の多孔質シリカフィルムの機械強度は、ナノインデンタ測定によりフィルムの弾性率を測定することで確認される。ナノインデンタ測定は、Hysitron製Triboscope Systemを用いて実施した。 Moreover, the mechanical strength of the porous silica film of the present invention is confirmed by measuring the elastic modulus of the film by nanoindenter measurement. The nanoindenter measurement was performed using a Triscope scope system manufactured by Hystron.
本発明の有機残渣が低減された多孔質シリカフィルムは、熱安定性に優れるため、層間絶縁膜、分子記録媒体、透明導電性フィルム、固体電解質、光導波路、LCD用カラー部材などの光機能材料、電子機能材料として用いることができる。特に、半導体用材料としての層間絶縁膜には、強度、耐熱性、低誘電率が求められており、このような多孔質シリカが好ましく適用される。 The porous silica film with reduced organic residue of the present invention is excellent in thermal stability, so that it is an optical functional material such as an interlayer insulating film, a molecular recording medium, a transparent conductive film, a solid electrolyte, an optical waveguide, and a color member for LCD. It can be used as an electronic functional material. In particular, an interlayer insulating film as a semiconductor material is required to have strength, heat resistance, and low dielectric constant, and such porous silica is preferably applied.
以下、本発明による多孔質シリカフィルムを層間絶縁膜として用いた半導体装置の例について具体的に説明する。 Hereinafter, an example of a semiconductor device using the porous silica film according to the present invention as an interlayer insulating film will be specifically described.
まず、上述のようにして、シリコンウエハー表面上に、塗布成膜した後、H2O雰囲気
下で焼成することにより有機残渣が低減された多孔質シリカフィルムを形成する。次いで、該多孔質シリカフィルムをフォトレジストのパターン通りにエッチングする。多孔質シリカフィルムをエッチングした後に、気相成長法により多孔質シリカフィルム表面及びエッチングされた部分に窒化チタン(TiN)や窒化タンタル(TaN)などからなるバリア膜を形成する。
First, as described above, a porous silica film with reduced organic residues is formed by coating and filming on the surface of a silicon wafer, followed by baking in an H 2 O atmosphere. Next, the porous silica film is etched according to the pattern of the photoresist. After the porous silica film is etched, a barrier film made of titanium nitride (TiN), tantalum nitride (TaN) or the like is formed on the surface of the porous silica film and the etched portion by a vapor phase growth method.
その後、メタルCVD法、スパッタリング法あるいは電解メッキ法により銅膜を形成し、さらにCMP(Chemical Mechanical Polishing)により不要の銅膜を除去して回路配
線を作成する。次いで、キャップ膜(例えば炭化ケイ素からなる膜)を表面に作成する。さらに必要であれば、ハードマスク(例えば窒化ケイ素からなる膜)を形成し、上記の工程を繰り返すことで多層化して、本発明に係る半導体装置を製造することができる。
Thereafter, a copper film is formed by a metal CVD method, a sputtering method, or an electrolytic plating method, and an unnecessary copper film is removed by CMP (Chemical Mechanical Polishing) to create a circuit wiring. Next, a cap film (for example, a film made of silicon carbide) is formed on the surface. Further, if necessary, a semiconductor device according to the present invention can be manufactured by forming a hard mask (for example, a film made of silicon nitride) and repeating the above steps to form a multilayer.
[実施例]
以下、実施例に基づいて本発明をさらに具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。
(多孔質シリカ前駆体1の調製)
テトラエトキシシラン10.0gとエタノール10mLとを室温で混合撹拌した後、1N塩酸1.0mLおよび水10.0mLを添加した。これを1時間撹拌した後、エタノール50mLに溶解したポリ(アルキレンオキサイド)ブロックコポリマー〔BASF社製Pluronic P123、HO(CH2CH2O)20(CH2CH(CH3)O)70(CH2CH2O)20H〕2.8gを添加した。これをさらに1時間撹拌して、透明で均一な溶液
を得、塗布液とした。
[Example]
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although this invention is demonstrated further more concretely based on an Example, this invention is not limited to these Examples.
(Preparation of porous silica precursor 1)
After 10.0 g of tetraethoxysilane and 10 mL of ethanol were mixed and stirred at room temperature, 1.0 mL of 1N hydrochloric acid and 10.0 mL of water were added. After stirring this for 1 hour, a poly (alkylene oxide) block copolymer dissolved in 50 mL of ethanol [Pluronic P123, HO (CH 2 CH 2 O) 20 (CH 2 CH (CH 3 ) O) 70 (CH 2 , manufactured by BASF)] 2.8 g of (CH 2 O) 20 H] was added. This was further stirred for 1 hour to obtain a transparent and uniform solution, which was used as a coating solution.
この塗布液を、8inchシリコンウエハー表面上に数滴載せ、2000rpmで10秒間回転させて、シリコンウエハー表面に塗布した後、100℃で1時間乾燥し、多孔質シリカ前駆体1を得た。
(多孔質シリカ前駆体2の調製)
テトラエトキシシラン10.0gと、エタノール10mLとを室温で混合攪拌した後、1N塩酸1.0mLおよび水10.0mLを添加し、さらに1時間撹拌して(A)成分溶液を得た。
A few drops of this coating solution was placed on the surface of an 8-inch silicon wafer, rotated at 2000 rpm for 10 seconds, applied to the surface of the silicon wafer, and then dried at 100 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain a
(Preparation of porous silica precursor 2)
After 10.0 g of tetraethoxysilane and 10 mL of ethanol were mixed and stirred at room temperature, 1.0 mL of 1N hydrochloric acid and 10.0 mL of water were added, and the mixture was further stirred for 1 hour to obtain a component solution (A).
また、トリデカフルオロ−1,1,2,2−テトラヒドロオクチル−1−トリエトキシシラン〔東京化成工業(株)製:CF3(CF2)5CH2CH2Si(OC2H5)3〕 0.13gと、2−[メトキシ(ポリエチレンオキシ)プロピル]トリメチルシラン〔アヅマックス社製:CH3O(CH2CH2O)6-9(CH2)3Si(OCH3)3〕 0.14gと、エタノール10mLとを混合撹拌した後、1N塩酸0.13mLを添加し、さらに3時
間撹拌して(B)成分溶液を得た。さらに、ポリ(アルキレンオキサイド)ブロックコポリマー〔BASF社製PluronicP123:HO(CH2CH2O)20(CH2CH(
CH3)O)70(CH2CH2O)20H〕2.8gをエタノール50mLに溶解し(C)成
分溶液を得た。
Further, tridecafluoro-1,1,2,2-tetrahydrooctyl-1-triethoxysilane [manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd .: CF 3 (CF 2 ) 5 CH 2 CH 2 Si (OC 2 H 5 ) 3 0.13 g and 2- [methoxy (polyethyleneoxy) propyl] trimethylsilane [manufactured by AMAX: CH 3 O (CH 2 CH 2 O) 6-9 (CH 2 ) 3 Si (OCH 3 ) 3 ] After 14 g and 10 mL of ethanol were mixed and stirred, 0.13 mL of 1N hydrochloric acid was added, and the mixture was further stirred for 3 hours to obtain a component solution (B). Furthermore, a poly (alkylene oxide) block copolymer [Pluronic P123 manufactured by BASF: HO (CH 2 CH 2 O) 20 (CH 2 CH (
2.8 g of CH 3 ) O) 70 (CH 2 CH 2 O) 20 H] was dissolved in 50 mL of ethanol to obtain a component solution (C).
この(C)成分溶液に、(B)成分溶液を添加し0.5時間撹拌して混合した。次いで、この(C)成分溶液と(B)成分溶液との混合液を(A)成分溶液に添加し、さらに1時間撹拌して、透明、均一な溶液を得、塗布液とした。 To this component (C) solution, the component solution (B) was added and mixed by stirring for 0.5 hour. Next, the mixed solution of the component solution (C) and the component solution (B) was added to the component solution (A) and further stirred for 1 hour to obtain a transparent and uniform solution, which was used as a coating solution.
この塗布液を、8inchシリコンウエハー表面上に数滴載せ、2000rpmで10秒間回転させて、シリコンウエハー表面に塗布した後、100℃で1時間乾燥し、多孔質シリカ前駆体2を得た。
(実施例1)
上記多孔質シリカ前駆体1を石英製反応管に詰め、N2ガス250mL/min流通下
、400℃まで昇温した。昇温した後、H2Oを入れた調湿器内にN2ガス100mL/min流通し、石英製反応管内にH2Oを導入した。この時の石英製反応管内のH2O圧は0.9kPa、温度は400℃であった。400℃で3時間焼成した後、H2Oの導入を止
め、N2ガス250mL/min流通下30℃まで冷却し、多孔質シリカフィルムを得た
。
A few drops of this coating solution was placed on the surface of an 8-inch silicon wafer, rotated at 2000 rpm for 10 seconds, applied to the surface of the silicon wafer, and then dried at 100 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain a porous silica precursor 2.
(Example 1)
The
得られた多孔質シリカフィルムの有機残渣は、昇温脱離ガス分析(TDS)測定により行った。具体的には、電子科学製EMD−WA1000Sを用いて、圧力4×10-7Paまで減圧し、80℃から1000℃まで昇温速度30℃/分の条件で実施して確認した。このTDS測定結果を図1に示す。また、この多孔質シリカフィルムは、X線回折測定(CuKα)の結果、面間隔6.0nmの回折ピークを有するヘキサゴナル構造を有していた。
(実施例2)
多孔質シリカ前駆体1を多孔質シリカ前駆体2に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして多孔質シリカフィルムを得た。得られたフィルムのTDS測定結果を図2に示す。
The organic residue of the obtained porous silica film was measured by thermal desorption gas analysis (TDS) measurement. Specifically, using EMD-WA1000S manufactured by Electronic Science, the pressure was reduced to 4 × 10 −7 Pa, and the temperature was increased from 80 ° C. to 1000 ° C. under a temperature increase rate of 30 ° C./min. The TDS measurement results are shown in FIG. Moreover, this porous silica film had a hexagonal structure having a diffraction peak with an interplanar spacing of 6.0 nm as a result of X-ray diffraction measurement (CuKα).
(Example 2)
A porous silica film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the
また、このフィルムの比誘電率と弾性率の測定結果を表1に示す。比誘電率と弾性率は以下のようにして測定した。
(誘電率と弾性率の測定)
比誘電率の測定は、基板上の多孔質フィルム表面と基板に用いたシリコンウエハーの裏面とに、蒸着法によりアルミニウム電極を作成して金属−絶縁膜−シリコン構造とし、25℃、相対湿度50%の雰囲気下、周波数100kHz、−40V〜40Vの範囲で測定した電気容量と、ディックタック膜厚計により測定した膜厚から求めた。
In addition, Table 1 shows the measurement results of the relative dielectric constant and elastic modulus of this film. The relative dielectric constant and elastic modulus were measured as follows.
(Measurement of dielectric constant and elastic modulus)
The relative dielectric constant was measured by forming an aluminum electrode by vapor deposition on the surface of the porous film on the substrate and the back surface of the silicon wafer used for the substrate to form a metal-insulating film-silicon structure, 25 ° C., relative humidity 50 % Of the electric capacity measured in the range of −40 V to 40 V in a frequency of 100 kHz and the film thickness measured with a Dicktack film thickness meter.
多孔質フィルムの弾性率は、ナノインデンタ測定によりフィルムの弾性率を測定することで確認した。ナノインデンタ測定は、Hysitron製Triboscope sy
stemを用いて測定した。
(比較例1)
上記多孔質シリカ前駆体1を石英製反応管に詰め、N2ガス250mL/min流通下
、400℃まで昇温した。400℃で3時間焼成した後、N2ガス250mL/min流
通下30℃まで冷却し、多孔質シリカフィルムを得た。得られたフィルムのTDS測定結果を図3に示す。
(比較例2)
多孔質シリカ前駆体1を多孔質シリカ前駆体2に変更した以外は比較例1と同様にして多孔質シリカフィルムを得た。得られたフィルムのTDS測定結果を図4に示す。また、このフィルムの比誘電率と弾性率の測定結果を表1に示す。
(比較例3)
焼成温度を400℃から250℃に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして多孔質シリカフィルムを得た。得られたフィルムのTDS測定結果を図5に示す。
The elastic modulus of the porous film was confirmed by measuring the elastic modulus of the film by nanoindenter measurement. Nanoindenter measurement is made by Hystron's Triboscope sy.
Measurement was performed using stem.
(Comparative Example 1)
The
(Comparative Example 2)
A porous silica film was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that the
(Comparative Example 3)
A porous silica film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the firing temperature was changed from 400 ° C to 250 ° C. The TDS measurement result of the obtained film is shown in FIG.
図1〜図5に示したTDS測定グラフは、横軸の示した各温度において揮散した成分の量を縦軸に表したものである。従って、グラフの面積が大きい程、多孔質シリカフィルムの有機残渣が多いことを示す。 The TDS measurement graphs shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 show the amount of components volatilized at each temperature indicated on the horizontal axis on the vertical axis. Therefore, it shows that there are many organic residues of a porous silica film, so that the area of a graph is large.
本発明の製造方法で得られた多孔質シリカフィルムのTDS測定グラフである図1、図2は、図3〜図5に比してグラフの面積が非常に小さく、有機残渣の量が著しく少ないことが分かる。 FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 which are TDS measurement graphs of the porous silica film obtained by the production method of the present invention have an extremely small area of the graph and a significantly small amount of organic residue as compared with FIG. 3 to FIG. I understand that.
Claims (10)
物を除去することを特徴とする多孔質シリカの製造方法。 A method for producing porous silica, comprising calcining a porous silica precursor in an atmosphere containing H 2 O to remove an organic compound contained in the precursor.
下記一般式(I)
(CYH2Y+1O)4-nSi((CH2)a(CF2)b(O(CF2)c)dX)n
...(I)
(式中、Y=1〜4、n=0〜3、a=0〜3、b=0〜10、c=1〜3、d=0〜3の整数、XはF、CF3、OCF3、CF(CF3)2、OCF(CF3)2、OC(CF3)3、C6HeF5-e、C6He(CF3)5-e、H、CfH2f+1、またはC6H5のいずれかを示し、e=0〜4、f=1〜3の整数である。)、および/または
下記一般式(II)
(CZH2Z+1O)3SiRSi(OCZH2Z+1)3 ...(II)
(式中、Zは1〜4の整数、Rはアルキレン基、またはフェニレン基を示す)
で表わされる少なくとも1種以上のアルコキシシラン類であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の製造方法。 The alkoxysilanes are
The following general formula (I)
(C Y H 2Y + 1 O) 4-n Si ((CH 2 ) a (CF 2 ) b (O (CF 2 ) c ) d X) n
. . . (I)
(Wherein, Y = 1-4, n = 0-3, a = 0-3, b = 0-10, c = 1-3, d = 0-3, X is F, CF 3 , OCF 3, CF (CF 3) 2 , OCF (CF 3) 2, OC (CF 3) 3, C 6 H e F 5-e, C 6 H e (CF 3) 5-e, H, C f H 2f +1 or C 6 H 5 , which is an integer of e = 0 to 4 and f = 1 to 3), and / or the following general formula (II)
(C Z H 2Z + 1 O ) 3 SiRSi (OC Z H 2Z + 1) 3. . . (II)
(In the formula, Z represents an integer of 1 to 4, R represents an alkylene group or a phenylene group)
The production method according to claim 4, wherein the production method is at least one or more types of alkoxysilanes.
一般式(III)
[CnH2n+1(N(CH3)2)a(CH2)m]N(CH3)2(ClH2l+1)・X(1+a)
...(III)
(式中、aは0または1であり、nは8〜24の整数、mは0〜12の整数、lは1〜24の整数であり、Xはハロゲン化物イオン、HSO4 -または1価の有機アニオンである。)で表される4級アンモニウム塩と、
一般式(IV)
CnH2n+1NH2 ...(IV)
(式中、nは6〜24の整数を示す)で表される有機アミンと、
ポリアルキレンオキシド構造を含有する化合物と
からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の製造方法。 The surfactant is
General formula (III)
[C n H 2n + 1 (N (CH 3 ) 2 ) a (CH 2 ) m ] N (CH 3 ) 2 (C l H 2l + 1 ) · X (1 + a)
. . . (III)
(In the formula, a is 0 or 1, n is an integer of 8 to 24, m is an integer of 0 to 12, l is an integer of 1 to 24, X is a halide ion, HSO 4 − or monovalent. A quaternary ammonium salt represented by the following formula:
Formula (IV)
C n H 2n + 1 NH 2 . . . (IV)
(Wherein n represents an integer of 6 to 24),
The production method according to claim 4, wherein the production method is at least one selected from the group consisting of a compound containing a polyalkylene oxide structure.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006070139A (en) * | 2004-09-01 | 2006-03-16 | Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc | Silica-based mesostructure and method for producing the same |
| WO2006049020A1 (en) * | 2004-11-01 | 2006-05-11 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | Composition for treating glass base |
| WO2008026387A1 (en) | 2006-08-28 | 2008-03-06 | Catalysts & Chemicals Industries Co., Ltd. | Method of forming amorphous silica coating of low dielectric constant and amorphous silica coating of low dielectric constant obtained thereby |
| JP2010113310A (en) * | 2008-11-10 | 2010-05-20 | Keio Gijuku | Reflection preventing film, method for forming same optical element, interchangeable lens, and imaging device |
-
2003
- 2003-10-08 JP JP2003349978A patent/JP2005116830A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006070139A (en) * | 2004-09-01 | 2006-03-16 | Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc | Silica-based mesostructure and method for producing the same |
| WO2006049020A1 (en) * | 2004-11-01 | 2006-05-11 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | Composition for treating glass base |
| WO2008026387A1 (en) | 2006-08-28 | 2008-03-06 | Catalysts & Chemicals Industries Co., Ltd. | Method of forming amorphous silica coating of low dielectric constant and amorphous silica coating of low dielectric constant obtained thereby |
| US8227028B2 (en) | 2006-08-28 | 2012-07-24 | Jgc Catalysts And Chemicals Ltd. | Method for forming amorphous silica-based coating film with low dielectric constant and thus obtained amorphous silica-based coating film |
| JP2010113310A (en) * | 2008-11-10 | 2010-05-20 | Keio Gijuku | Reflection preventing film, method for forming same optical element, interchangeable lens, and imaging device |
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