JP2005115970A - Smoke sensor and monitor control system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To accurately detect whether smoke originates from a fire cause or a non-fire cause on the basis of an exact two-wavelength ratio in a smoke sensor constituted to receive scattered light with two different wavelengths λ<SB>1</SB>, λ<SB>2</SB>and a monitor control system using this type of smoke sensor. <P>SOLUTION: The smoke sensor constituted to receive the scattered light of two different wavelengths λ<SB>1</SB>, λ<SB>2</SB>with a light receiving means 14 includes: a calculating means 15 for finding the ratio of the scattered light output y of the wavelength λ<SB>1</SB>to the scattered light output g of the wavelength λ<SB>2</SB>from the light receiving means 14 as the two-wavelength ratio; and a smoke detection processing means 16 for determining smoke quality on the basis of the two-wavelength ratio from the calculating means 15. The smoke detection processing means 16 determines that the smoke quality results from the non-fire cause when the two-wavelength ratio from the calculating means 15 is 2 or less. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a smoke detector for detecting smoke and a supervisory control system.

Conventionally, a smoke detector as shown in Patent Document 1 is known as a light scattering smoke detector. In this smoke detector, a light emitting diode is driven by a circuit that generates a square wave of + and −, and light of two different wavelengths λ ₁ and λ ₂ is alternately emitted from the light emitting diode by the square wave of + and −. The scattered light due to the smoke of light of _two different wavelengths λ ₁ and λ ₂ emitted alternately from the light emitting diode is received by one light receiving element, and the ratio of the scattered light output of the different two wavelengths λ ₁ and λ ₂ (2 wavelength ratio) is taken and it is determined whether or not the 2 wavelength ratio is within a preset value range, and if it is, an alarm is issued.

In this smoke detector, it is possible to determine the type (quality) of smoke by determining whether the two-wavelength ratio is within a preset value range (for example, within a specific particle size range). It is intended to detect only certain smoke). In other words, it is intended to remove the influence of dust, water vapor, etc., which are non-fire factors, and detect only smoke that is a fire factor.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 51-15487

However, as described above, in the smoke detector configured to alternately receive temporally scattered light having _two different wavelengths λ ₁ and λ ₂ , the detection time of the scattered light having the wavelength λ _{1 and} the scattered light having the wavelength λ ₂ are detected. Since the detection time is not the same (simultaneous), the ratio y / g of the output (light intensity output) y of the scattered light having the wavelength λ ₁ and the output (light intensity output) g of the scattered light having the wavelength λ ₂ , that is, 2 A lot of errors are included in the wavelength ratio, and there is a limit to accurate smoke detection.

The present invention relates to a smoke detector configured to receive scattered light of _two different wavelengths λ ₁ and λ ₂ , and a monitoring and control system using this type of smoke detector. It is an object of the present invention to provide a smoke detector and a supervisory control system capable of accurately detecting whether it is caused by a factor or a non-fire factor.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention described in claim 1 is a smoke detector configured to receive scattered light of _two different wavelengths λ ₁ and λ _{2 in} the light receiving means, and has a wavelength λ ₁ from the light receiving means. Calculating means for obtaining a ratio of the scattered light output y and the scattered light output g of wavelength λ ₂ as a two-wavelength ratio; and a smoke detection processing means for determining the quality of the smoke based on the two-wavelength ratio from the calculating means. The smoke detection processing means is characterized in that the smoke quality is judged to be a non-fire factor when the two-wavelength ratio from the calculation means is 2 or less.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the smoke detector according to the first aspect, when the smoke detection processing means determines the quality of the smoke, the fire judgment standard is variably set for each smoke quality. It is characterized by becoming.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the smoke detector according to the second aspect, the smoke detection processing means can change a fire level for determining whether or not a fire is present according to the magnitude of the two-wavelength ratio. It is characterized by being set.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the smoke detector according to any one of the first to third aspects, the first light emitting means for emitting the light having the wavelength λ _{1 and} the light having the wavelength λ ₂ are used. A second light emitting means for emitting light is disposed on the outer edge of the bottom surface of the cone with the intersection of the optical axes of the first and second light emitting means as a vertex, and the light receiving means is the center of the cone It is characterized by being arranged on the side opposite to the side where the first and second light emitting means are provided with respect to the intersection on the axis.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a monitoring control system comprising a receiver and an analog light scattering smoke detector connected to a transmission path from the receiver and monitored and controlled by the receiver. In the case where the analog type light scattering smoke detector is a smoke detector configured to receive scattered light having _two different wavelengths λ ₁ and λ ₂ , the receiver includes the light scattering smoke detector from the light scattering smoke detector. Calculating means for obtaining a ratio of the scattered light output y of wavelength λ ₁ and the scattered light output g of wavelength λ ₂ as a two-wavelength ratio, and a smoke detection processing means for performing smoke detection processing based on the two-wavelength ratio from the calculating means The smoke detection processing means is characterized in that the smoke quality is judged to be a non-fire factor when the two-wavelength ratio from the calculation means is 2 or less.

According to the _first to fourth aspects of the invention, the smoke detector is configured to receive the scattered light having the _two different wavelengths λ ₁ and λ _{2 in} the light receiving means, and the scattered light having the wavelength λ ₁ from the light receiving means. Computation means for determining the ratio of the output y to the scattered light output g of wavelength λ ₂ as a two-wavelength ratio, and smoke detection processing means for judging the quality of the smoke based on the two-wavelength ratio from the computation means The smoke detection processing means determines that the smoke quality is a non-fire factor when the two-wavelength ratio from the computing means is 2 or less. It is possible to accurately detect whether smoke is caused by a fire factor or a non-fire factor.

In particular, according to the invention of claim 4, wherein, in the smoke detector according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the first light emitting means and the wavelength lambda for emitting the wavelength lambda ₁ of the light _{A second} light emitting means for emitting two light beams is disposed on the outer edge of the bottom surface of the cone with the intersection of the optical axes of the first and second light emitting means as a vertex, and the light receiving means is the cone The first and second light emitting means are arranged on the opposite side of the intersection on the central axis of the first and second light emitting means. And the light receiving means can be made the same, and the respective scattering angles can be set to be the same.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the monitoring control includes a receiver and an analog light scattering smoke detector that is connected to a transmission path from the receiver and is controlled by the receiver. In the system, when the analog light scattering smoke detector is a smoke detector configured to receive scattered light of _two different wavelengths λ ₁ and λ ₂ , the receiver has the light scattering smoke detection device. Calculating means for obtaining the ratio of the scattered light output y of wavelength λ ₁ and the scattered light output g of wavelength λ ₂ as a two-wavelength ratio, and smoke detection processing for performing smoke detection processing based on the two-wavelength ratio from the calculating means And the smoke detection processing means determines that the smoke quality is a non-fire factor when the two-wavelength ratio from the calculation means is 2 or less. Based on the exact two-wavelength ratio, smoke may be due to fire factors Or non-fire factor can be detected with high accuracy.

Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a smoke detector according to the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1, the smoke detector includes a control unit 11 that controls the entire detector, a first light emitting unit 12 that emits light of wavelength λ ₁ when driven by the control unit 11, Second light emitting means 13 that emits light of wavelength λ ₂ when driven by control means 11, scattered light of light of wavelength λ ₁ emitted from first light emitting means 12, second light emitting means 13 The light receiving means 14 for receiving the scattered light of the wavelength λ ₂ emitted from the light, the scattered light output (light intensity output) y of the wavelength λ ₁ from the light receiving means 14 and the scattered light output (light intensity output) of the wavelength λ _2. ), A calculation means 15 for performing a predetermined calculation necessary for smoke detection, a smoke detection processing means 16 for performing smoke detection processing based on a calculation result from the calculation means 15, and a result of the smoke detection processing are output. Output means 17.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the first light emitting means 12, the second light emitting means 13, and the light receiving means 14. In the example of FIG. 2, the first light emitting means 12 is configured by, for example, a blue light emitting diode LED _{1 that} emits blue (λ ₁ ) light, and the second light emitting means 13 is, for example, near infrared (λ ₂ ) The near-infrared light emitting diode LED _{2 that} emits the light of ₂ ) is formed, and the light receiving means 14 is formed of one light receiving element PD.

Here, the blue light-emitting diodes LED _1, and the near-infrared light-emitting diode LED _2, a cone C of a predetermined apex angle ω where the intersection O between the optical axis _{O 2} of the optical axis _{O 1} and LED ₂ of LED ₁ and the apex It is arrange | positioned in the position on the outer edge A of the bottom face. In this case, the LED ₁ and the LED ₂ can be arranged at arbitrary positions on the outer edge A of the bottom surface of the cone C. For example, LED ₁ and LED ₂ can be accommodated in one housing, and LED ₁ and LED ₂ can be arranged at substantially the same position on the outer edge A of the bottom surface of the cone C.

Further, the side light-receiving element PD, the central axis on B of the cone C, _{the LED} 1, LED ₂ are provided for the intersection O between the optical axis _{O 2} of the optical axis _{O 1} and LED ₂ of LED ₁ Is disposed at a predetermined position on the opposite side to (a predetermined position on the central axis B of the cone C). More specifically, the light receiving element PD, for example, at the center axis on B of the cone C, against the intersection O between the optical axis _{O 2} of the optical axis _{O 1} and LED ₂ of LED _1, LED ₁ and the intersection O The distance r (the distance r between the LED ₂ and the intersection point O) is the same distance (equal distance) r.

With such an arrangement, the angles formed by the two light emitting diodes LED ₁ and LED ₂ and the light receiving element PD can be made the same, and the respective scattering angles can be set to be the same. Note that a space E between the blue light emitting diode LED ₁ , the near infrared light emitting diode LED _2, and the light receiving element PD is an environment (for example, a chamber) in which smoke as a detection target may exist.

The first light emitting means 12 (LED ₁ ) and the second light emitting means 13 (LED ₂ ) are driven and controlled by drive signals CTL ₁ and CTL ₂ from the control means 11, respectively.

FIG. 3 is a time chart showing an example of the drive signals CTL ₁ and CTL ₂ . In the example of FIG. 3, the drive signals CTL ₁ and CTL ₂ have the same pulse width and cycle. That is, the pulse width is W and the period is T. However, the drive signal CTL ₂ is delayed from the drive signal CTL ₁ by a predetermined time t (t <T).

When such drive signals CTL ₁ and CTL ₂ are used, the first light emitting means 12 (LED ₁ ) has a period corresponding to the pulse width W of light having a wavelength λ ₁ (blue light) at a period T, The second light emitting means 13 (LED ₂ ) is emitted from the first light emitting means 12 (LED ₂ ) with a period T with a delay of time t from the emission of light (blue light) of wavelength λ _1. Thus, light having a wavelength λ ₂ (near infrared light) is emitted for a period corresponding to the pulse width W.

That is, the sampling time (sampling period T) in the light receiving means 14 (PD) of the scattered light (blue light) having the wavelength λ ₁ from the _first light emitting means 12 (LED ₁ ) and the second light emitting means 13 (LED ₂ ). between the sampling instants (sampling period T) at the wavelength lambda ₂ of the light receiving means 14 (near infrared light) (PD) from, there is a time lag t, the deviation of the time t, two different Lights of wavelengths λ ₁ and λ ₂ are alternately emitted temporally, and scattered light of _two different wavelengths λ ₁ and λ ₂ are temporally alternately received by the light receiving unit 14 (PD), and the light receiving unit 14 (PD ), The light intensities y and g of scattered light having different two wavelengths λ ₁ and λ ₂ can be obtained alternately in time.

Here, the light intensity y of the scattered light of the wavelength lambda ₁ is a reflects the smoke density (% / m) in the environment E with respect to the wavelength lambda ₁ of the light, also, the scattering of the wavelength lambda ₂ light intensity of the light g has a reflects the smoke density (% / m) in the environment E with respect to the wavelength lambda ₂ of light. Hereinafter, for the sake of convenience, the description will be made assuming that the light intensity of the scattered light is converted into the smoke concentration (% / m).

However, this way, two different wavelengths lambda _1, the configuration of the smoke detector for receiving the lambda ₂ of the scattered light alternately in time in the light receiving unit 14, as described above, the wavelength lambda ₁ of the scattered light (blue light ) Between the sampling time (sampling period T) in the light receiving means 14 (PD) and the sampling time (sampling period T) in the light receiving means 14 (PD) of the light of wavelength λ ₂ (near infrared light). (That is, in the light receiving means 14 (light receiving element PD), the sampling time (light receiving time) of the scattered light having the wavelength λ ₁ is not the same as the sampling time (light receiving time) of the scattered light having the wavelength λ ₂ ). (Since there is a time difference t), if the smoke concentration in the environment E changes abruptly within this time difference t and the light reception signal changes abruptly, the scattered light of wavelength λ ₁ from the light receiving means 14 strength When calculating the ratio (2 wavelength ratio; y / g) of the intensity output (sampling output) y and the scattered light intensity output (sampling output) g of the wavelength λ ₂ , this two wavelength ratio includes many errors. End up.

In order to prevent many errors from being included in the two-wavelength ratio due to the time difference t, the calculation means 15 of the smoke detector of the present invention scatters the wavelength λ ₁ that is alternately output from the light receiving means 14 in terms of time. One of the light output (sampling output) y and the scattered light output (sampling output) g of wavelength λ ₂ is estimated at the other sampling time, and the output of the one scattered light at the other sampling time is estimated. The value and the output value of the other scattered light are obtained as a ratio of two wavelengths.

4 and 5 are diagrams showing an example of the configuration of the computing means 15. In the example of FIG. 4, the calculating means 15, to the wavelength lambda ₂ of the scattered light output (sampled output) g, the scattered light output of the wavelength lambda ₁ (sampling output) Output at the same sampling time and sampling time of y the value g ratio between 'the estimating means 21 for estimating the scattered light output of the wavelength lambda ₁ (sampling output) y and the estimated scattered light output of the wavelength lambda _2, as described above (a sampling output) g' (y / and a two-wavelength ratio calculating unit 22 that calculates g ′) as a two-wavelength ratio.

Further, in the example of FIG. 5, the calculating means 15, to the wavelength lambda ₁ of the scattered light output (sampled output) y, at the same sampling time and sampling time of the wavelength lambda ₂ of the scattered light output (sampled output) g And the ratio of the scattered light output (sampling output) y ′ of wavelength λ ₁ estimated as described above to the scattered light output (sampling output) g of wavelength λ ₂ (sampling output) g ( and a two-wavelength ratio calculating means 24 for calculating y ′ / g) as a two-wavelength ratio.

FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining an example of the estimation process in the estimation unit 21 when the calculation unit 15 has the configuration of FIG. Referring to FIG. 6, the scattered light output (sampling output) y of wavelength λ ₁ is the sampling time point of period T, −1, 0, 1, 2,..., Y (−1), y (0 ), Y (1), y (2),..., And the scattered light output (sampling output) g of wavelength λ ₂ is also sampled at the sampling period of period T, −1, 0, 1, 2 ,..., G (−1), g (0), g (1), g (2),... Are sampled, but the scattered light output (sampling output) g of wavelength λ ₂ is sampled. The outputs ..., g (-1), g (0), g (1), g (2), ... are the sampling output of the scattered light output (sampling output) y of wavelength λ ₁ ..., y (-1), Sampling is performed at a time point delayed by a time difference t from y (0), y (1), y (2),.

In this case, with respect to the sampling output of the scattered light output (sampling output) g of wavelength λ ₂ , g (−1), g (0), g (1), g (2),. By performing such an interpolation process, sampling of scattered light output (sampling output) y of wavelength λ ₁ ... Sampling of y (−1), y (0), y (1), y (2),. .., G ′ (− 1), g ′ (0), g ′ (1), g ′ (2),... At the same sampling time as the time can be estimated.

  In Equation 1, n is a positive or negative integer (..., -1, 0, 1, 2,...), T is a sampling period of y, g, and t is a sampling point of y. It is a time difference from the sampling time of g.

According to the interpolation processing according to Equation ₁ , for example, the scattered light output (sampling output) g of wavelength λ ₂ corresponding to the sampling time 0 (y (0)) of the scattered light output (sampling output) y of wavelength λ ₁ is estimated. the value g '(0) is the scattered light output of the wavelength lambda ₂ (sampling output) output value at the sampling point -1 g (measured value) g (-1) and the scattered light output of the wavelength lambda ₂ (sampling output) g ′ (0) = g (0) − (g (0) −g (−1)) · t / T using the output value (measured value) g (0) at the sampling time 0 of g
Is calculated as

FIG. 6 also shows estimated values of scattered light output (sampling output) of wavelength λ ₂ estimated according to Equation 1..., G ′ (0), g ′ (1), g ′ (2),. Yes. As can be seen from FIG. 6, the estimation processing example by number 1 (interpolation example), scattered light output of the wavelength lambda ₂ (sampling output) most adjacent to the output value of g (measured value) g (n-1), g (n) is obtained by linearly interpolating g (n).

By such an estimation process (in the example of FIG. 6, linear interpolation process), the scattered light output (sampling output) y of wavelength λ ₁ is sampled with respect to the scattered light output (sampling output) g of wavelength λ _2. output value g at the same sampling point 'can be estimated, the scattered light output of the wavelength lambda ₁ (sampling output) estimated wavelength lambda ₂ of the scattered light output as y and the (sampled output) g' By calculating the ratio (y / g ′) to the two-wavelength ratio, the influence of the time difference t can be avoided, and the two-wavelength ratio (y / g ′) with less error can be obtained.

  Therefore, the smoke detection processing unit 16 can more accurately determine, for example, the type (quality) of smoke based on the two-wavelength ratio (y / g ′) with less error from the calculation unit 15. Specifically, the particle diameter of smoke or the like can be accurately detected based on the two-wavelength ratio (y / g ′) with little error. Thereby, for example, it is possible to accurately detect only smoke in a specific particle size range, remove the influence of dust and water vapor that are non-fire factors, and accurately detect only smoke that is a fire factor. .

The inventor of the present application has actually confirmed the above effect by a simulation experiment. In this simulation experiment, assuming a TF2 fire in which the smoke concentration of environment E gradually increases, first, light receiving means 14 (scattering light (blue light) of wavelength λ ₁ from the _first light emitting means 12 (LED ₁ ) The measured value y (n) at the time of sampling (sampling period T = 4 seconds) in PD) was determined. The ideal two-wavelength ratio is assumed to be 3.60 (assuming TF2 fire), and the light receiving means 14 (PD) for scattered light (blue light) of wavelength λ ₁ from the _first light emitting means 12 (LED ₁ ). ) At the same time as the sampling time (sampling period T = 4 seconds) in the light receiving means 14 (PD) of the light (near-infrared light) of wavelength λ ₂ from the _second light emitting means 13 (LED ₂ ) The output value to be obtained was obtained. That is, the value obtained by dividing y (n) by 3.60 is the ideal output in the light receiving means 14 (PD) of the light (near infrared light) having the wavelength λ ₂ from the _second light emitting means 13 (LED ₂ ). It calculated _| required as value g0 (n). FIG. 7 shows an actual measurement value y (n) of y and an ideal output value g ₀ (n) of g at this stage.

Thereafter, a simulated value of g (n) when delayed by a time difference t (1 second) from y (n) was obtained by directly interpolating the ideal output value g ₀ (n). FIG. 8 shows the actually measured value y (n) and the simulated value g (n) obtained as described above. 8 are actually scattered light output (sampling output) y of wavelength λ ₁ and scattered light output of wavelength λ _{2 that} are actually alternately output in time from the light receiving means 14. (Sampling output) g is simulated (simulated), and in the example of FIG. 8, the time difference t between the actually measured value y (n) and the simulated value g (n) is 1 second. Yes.

  Thus, after obtaining the simulated values of y (n) and g (n) similar to those actually measured, the simulated values y (n) and g (n) are calculated according to the conventional two-wavelength ratio calculation method. ), The two-wavelength ratio y (n) / g (n) was determined directly. The result of this conventional two-wavelength ratio calculation method is shown in FIG.

  On the other hand, the estimation value (direct interpolation process) of the present invention is performed on the simulated value g (n) in FIG. 8 to obtain the estimated value g ′ (n), and the actually measured value y (n) and the estimated value g ′. From (n), the two-wavelength ratio y (n) / g ′ (n) was determined. This result (result by the two-wavelength ratio calculation method of the present invention) is shown in FIG.

  In the examples of FIGS. 9 and 10, when the values of y (n), g (n), and g ′ (n) are less than 0.1% / m, the two-wavelength ratio value has an error due to noise or the like. Since it becomes large, the two-wavelength ratio (y (n) / g ′ (n)) is not calculated and is set to zero.

  9 is compared with FIG. 10, in the conventional two-wavelength ratio calculation method shown in FIG. 9, the two-wavelength ratio (y (n) / g (n)) is 2.06, 2.88, 3.. 03,..., For example, the average value of 8 values with a two-wavelength ratio (y (n) / g (n)) of 2.00 or more is 3.07, and the two-wavelength ratio to be detected This is quite different from 3.60. On the other hand, in the two-wavelength ratio calculation method of the present invention shown in FIG. 10, the two-wavelength ratio (y (n) / g (n) ′) is 2.62, 3.44, 3.44,. The average value of the eight values having a two-wavelength ratio (y (n) / g ′ (n)) of 2.00 or more is 3.42, which is close to the two-wavelength ratio to be detected 3.60. It becomes a thing.

  From this, it can be seen that in the present invention, a more accurate two-wavelength ratio can be obtained than in the prior art. Thus, according to the present invention, the determination of smoke quality (for example, determination of smoke particle size) and the determination of fire or non-fire can be made with high accuracy based on the accurately calculated two-wavelength ratio. Can be performed.

  In the above example, the estimation process in the estimation unit 21 when the calculation unit 15 has the configuration shown in FIG. 4 is shown. However, the estimation unit in the case where the calculation unit 15 has the configuration shown in FIG. The estimation processing at 23 is performed in the same manner (for example, by linear interpolation processing with respect to y (n)), and when the configuration of FIG. 5 is used as the calculation means 15, as in the case of using the configuration of FIG. The influence by the time difference t can be avoided, and an accurate two-wavelength ratio (y ′ / g) with few errors can be obtained.

In the above-described example, the estimation unit 21 or 23 estimates g or y by linear interpolation processing for linearly interpolating the nearest neighboring output value. However, the estimation unit 21 or 23 estimates g or y. The scattered light output (sampling output) g or y of wavelength λ ₂ or λ ₁ is the same as the sampling time of the scattered light output (sampling output) y or g of wavelength λ ₁ or λ ₂ at the same sampling time. Any method can be used as long as the output value g ′ or y ′ can be estimated. For example, regarding the estimation of g, not only the nearest neighboring output values (actually measured values) g (n−1) and g (n) but also g (n−2) and g (n + 1) outside thereof are considered. (Using g (n-2), g (n-1), g (n), g (n + 1)), and using an interpolation process (for example, a secondary interpolation process) for estimating g '(n). You can also.

Further, in the above-described example, the calculation unit 15 is configured to output the scattered light output (light intensity output) y having the wavelength λ ₁ from the light receiving unit 14 or the scattered light output (light intensity output) g having the wavelength λ ₂ . The estimation process (interpolation process) is directly performed to calculate the two-wavelength ratio, but the scattered light output (light intensity output) y of the wavelength λ _{1 and} the scattered light output of the wavelength λ ₂ from the light receiving means 14. With respect to (light intensity output) g, a moving average is taken over a predetermined time interval (for example, a sampling interval of about 3 to 6), and each output value <y (n)>, < An estimation process (interpolation process) may be performed on any one of g (n)> to calculate the two-wavelength ratio.

That is, the arithmetic unit 15, with respect to the wavelength lambda ₁ of the scattered light output y of the light receiving unit 14 (n) and the wavelength lambda ₂ of the scattered light output g (n), after taking a moving average, respectively, moving averages Of the scattered light output <y (n)> of the wavelength λ ₁ taking the λ _{1 or} the scattered light output <g (n)> of the wavelength λ ₂ taking the moving average is estimated at the other sampling time Then, the ratio between the output estimated value at the other sampling time of the one scattered light taking the moving average and the output value of the other scattered light taking the moving average can be obtained as a two-wavelength ratio. More specifically, for example, for the measured values y (n) and g (n) of the LEDs ₁ and ₂ , the moving averages <y (n)> and <g (n)> are taken, respectively, and the moving averages of the LEDs ₂ are taken. The interpolation estimated value <g ′ (n)> is obtained based on the value <g (n)>, and (the moving average value <y (n)> of the actual measurement value y (n) of LED ₁ ) and (the actual measurement of LED ₂ ) Two-wavelength ratio (<y (n)> / <g ′ (n)> between the estimated value <g ′ (n)>) based on the moving average value <g (n)> of the value g (n) ) Can also be taken.

Here, with respect to the wavelength lambda ₁ of the scattered light output y (n) and the wavelength lambda ₂ of the scattered light output g from the light receiving means 14 (n), respectively moving average <y (n)>, < g (n )> Is obtained by the following equation when the time interval in which the moving average is to be taken is, for example, three sampling intervals.

Alternatively, the computing means 15 is either _one of the scattered light output y (n) having the wavelength λ _{1 and} the scattered light output g (n) having the wavelength λ ₂ that is alternately output from the light receiving means 14 in time. After estimating the output value at the time of sampling, the moving average is taken for the output estimated value, the moving average is taken for the other scattered light output value, and the other one of the one scattered light taking the moving average is taken. It is also possible to obtain the output value at the time of sampling and the output value and ratio of the other scattered light obtained by taking a moving average as a two-wavelength ratio. More specifically, for example, interpolation estimated value g based on the measured value g of LED ₂ (n) 'after obtaining the _(n), LED 1, the LED ₂ Found y (n), the interpolation estimate g' For (n), the moving averages <y (n)> and <g ′ (n)> are taken, respectively, (the moving average value <y (n)> of the actual measurement value y (n) of LED ₁ ) and (LED ₂ It is also possible to take a two-wavelength ratio (<y (n)> / <g ′ (n)>) with respect to the moving average value <g ′ (n)>) of the estimated interpolation value g ′ (n).

  Here, the moving average <g ′ (n)> with respect to the interpolation estimated value g ′ (n) is obtained by the following equation when the time interval in which the moving average is to be taken is, for example, three sampling intervals.

  Alternatively, the calculation means 15 obtains the ratio of the output estimated value of the one scattered light at the other sampling time and the output value of the other scattered light as a two-wavelength ratio, and further, with respect to the two-wavelength ratio, a moving average Can be finally obtained as a ratio of two wavelengths. More specifically, for example, a two-wavelength ratio (<y (n) / g ′ (n)) obtained by taking a moving average with respect to a two-wavelength ratio (y (n) / g ′ (n)). >) Can be finally obtained as a ratio of two wavelengths.

  Here, the moving average (<y (n) / g ′ (n)>) with respect to the two-wavelength ratio (y (n) / g ′ (n)) is, for example, three sampling intervals when the moving average should be taken. In some cases, it is calculated by the following equation.

  Thus, for y (n), g (n), or for y (n), g ′ (n), or for y ′ (n), g (n), or for the two-wavelength ratio ( When the moving average is further taken with respect to y (n) / g ′ (n)) or (y ′ (n) / g (n)), the time of smoke concentration is obtained by performing temporal smoothing. It is possible to remarkably reduce the influence due to the target fluctuation and to obtain the two-wavelength ratio more accurately. However, if the time interval for taking the moving average is set to be very large, the amount of information is lost by the moving average. Therefore, the time interval for taking the moving average needs to have an appropriate length.

In the above example, the calculation means 15 can always perform the calculation processes (estimation process, two-wavelength ratio calculation process, and moving average process) as described above. The output value (smoke density) of _one of the scattered light output y (n) of wavelength λ _{1 and} the scattered light output g (n) of wavelength λ ₂ that is alternately output to a predetermined value (for example, 0.1% / It is also possible to start the arithmetic processing as described above when it becomes greater than or equal to m) or after it becomes greater than or equal to a predetermined value. In this case, the calculation means 15 does not always have to perform the calculation process, the two-wavelength ratio calculation process, and the moving average process, and the calculation means 15 (more specifically, the CPU described later) is burdened. And the influence of noise can be reduced, and the smoke detection error can be further reduced.

In addition, the calculation unit 15 starts the calculation process (estimation process, two-wavelength ratio calculation process, and moving average process) as described above, and then calculates the wavelength λ ₁ that is alternately output from the light receiving unit 14 in terms of time. scattered light output y (n), one of the output value of the wavelength lambda ₂ of the scattered light output g (n) (smoke concentration) is an upper limit value (e.g., arithmetic means 15 has an 8-bit a / D converter If “255” reaches the upper limit value), an overflow occurs and arithmetic processing cannot be performed. At this time, the arithmetic processing result (just before the upper limit value is reached) Specifically, the two-wavelength ratio or the like may be retained, and thereafter, for example, the arithmetic processing may not be performed. Accordingly, as the two-wavelength ratio after the time when the upper limit is reached and the calculation process is not performed, the two-wavelength ratio immediately before the upper limit is reached (the retained two-wavelength ratio) can be used.

The upper limit value can be arbitrarily set by a designer or an operator. A wavelength lambda ₁ of the scattered light output y (n), the output value of the wavelength lambda ₂ of the scattered light output g (n) (smoke concentration), although this varies approximately linearly Until about 10% / m When it is about 10% / m or more, it becomes saturated and changes nonlinearly. Moreover, it may change non-linearly depending on circuit settings such as an amplifier. Thus the wavelength lambda ₁ of the scattered light output y (n), the output value of the wavelength lambda ₂ of the scattered light output g (n) (smoke concentration) in the region where a non-linear, is possible to calculate the correct two-wavelength ratio In order to avoid such a situation, an upper limit value can be set by a designer or the like at the time of design. Actually, in a situation where the smoke concentration is 10% / m, it is in a state where it is actively burning, so the upper limit value is specifically set to a value lower than 10% / m, for example. .

  In the smoke detector of FIG. 1, the smoke detection processing means 16 determines a smoke type (quality) based on the two-wavelength ratio from the calculation means 15, for example, by setting a threshold value for the two-wavelength ratio. Set the smoke type (quality) from the magnitude relationship of the ratio to the threshold, for example, the type of smoke generated in the event of a fire (or smoke generated by flames or smoke generated by smoldering), It is possible to determine whether it is a non-fire factor such as dust or water vapor.

The inventor of the present application actually introduces smoke having a predetermined particle diameter into the environment E, and at that time, the scattered light output y of the blue light (wavelength λ ₁ = 470 nm) and the near-infrared in which the estimation processing is performed The ratio (y / g ′) of the light (wavelength λ ₂ = 945 nm) to the scattered light output g ′ (y / g ′) was determined as the two-wavelength ratio, and the relationship between the two-wavelength ratio and the particle diameter was examined. FIG. 11 shows the experimental results of the relationship between the two-wavelength ratio and the particle diameter. From FIG. 11, the smoke having a particle diameter of about 0.001 μm to 0.1 μm has a two-wavelength ratio of about 17 to 14, and the smoke having a particle diameter of about 0.1 μm to 1 μm is It can be seen that the two-wavelength ratio is 2 or less in the case of dust, water vapor, etc. having a particle diameter larger than 1 μm. Thereby, when the two-wavelength ratio is about 17 to 10, it can be determined that smoke due to flame is generated, and when the two-wavelength ratio is about 14 to 2, it is determined that smoke due to smoldering is generated. In addition, when the two-wavelength ratio is 2 or less, it can be determined that it is caused by dust or water vapor.

  Therefore, based on the two-wavelength ratio, it is possible to remove the influence of dust, water vapor, etc., which are non-fire factors, and to detect only smoke that is a fire factor. Then, for example, the presence or absence of a fire can be determined from the magnitude relationship between the fire judgment standard (fire detection threshold; fire level) corresponding to the type and the output value of the light receiving means 14.

  Further, when the smoke detection processing means 16 determines the type (quality) of smoke as described above based on the two-wavelength ratio from the calculation means 15, the smoke detection processing means 16 variably sets the fire judgment standard for each smoke quality. You can also.

  For example, when the two-wavelength ratio is small, the possibility of non-fire is high, so the fire level is slowed (set low) and the accumulation time is increased, while when the two-wavelength ratio is large, the fire level is set large. Can do.

  The smoke detection processing means 16 determines that the fire is in the early stage when the two-wavelength ratio is stable from the initial stage, determines the quality of the fire smoke in the early stage of the fire, and determines the fire for each smoke quality. The reference can also be set variably.

  In other words, when the two-wavelength ratio is difficult to determine whether it is fire or non-fire (for example, the two-wavelength ratio is around 2.00), in the case of a fire, the two-wavelength ratio is relatively stable from the beginning. The result of the experiment shows that there is considerable fluctuation in the case of a non-fire (though the size of smoke particles is small in a fire (less than 1 μm). In the case of non-fire such as steam and dust, it is large (several μm), so it is possible to make a fire judgment by paying attention to this.

  Thus, in the present invention, a more accurate two-wavelength ratio can be obtained, so that the smoke particle size can be accurately measured, and based on this, a fire judgment and the like can be performed with high reliability.

12 and 13 are diagrams showing another configuration example of the smoke detector according to the present invention. Figure 12, smoke sensor 13, a control unit 11 for the detector overall control, the first light emitting means 12 for emitting light having a wavelength lambda ₁ when it is driven by the control means 11, the control When driven by the means 11, the second light emitting means 13 that emits light of wavelength λ ₂ , the scattered light of the light of wavelength λ ₁ emitted from the first light emitting means 12, the second light emitting means 13 The light receiving means 14 that receives the scattered light of the emitted light having the wavelength λ ₂ , the scattered light output (light intensity output) y of the wavelength λ ₁ from the light receiving means 14, and the scattered light output (light intensity output) of the wavelength λ ₂ and a calculation unit 15 that performs a predetermined calculation necessary for smoke detection, a smoke detection processing unit 16 that performs a smoke detection process based on a calculation result from the calculation unit 15, and a smoke detection process result. Output means 17, and further, first light emitting means 12 and Second light emitting means 13 is built in one of the light emitting element 18, the wavelength lambda ₁ of light and the wavelength lambda ₂ of light, and is emitted from one light emitting element 18.

In such a configuration, the first light emitting means 12 and the second light emitting means 13 are disposed at extremely close positions, and the light having the wavelength λ ₁ emitted from the first light emitting means 12 and the second light emitting means 12 are arranged. The light emission direction of the light having the wavelength λ ₂ emitted from the light emitting means 13 can be made the same, whereby the smoke detection space can be made the same in the scattered light type sensor, and the accurate 2 A wavelength ratio can be obtained. Further, in the configuration examples of FIGS. 12 and 13, since it is composed of one light emitting element 18 and one light receiving element (light receiving means) 14, the structure of the conventional scattered light sensor is used as it is. It is possible to supply low-cost products. More specifically, in the example of FIG. 13, in one light emitting element (LED) 18, emitting a first light emitting chip LED1 and wavelength lambda ₂ of the light emitting means 12 for emitting light having a wavelength lambda ₁ The light emitting chip LED2 as the second light emitting means 13 is built in, and the respective light emitting chips 12, 13 can be driven separately by three to four lead wires RD.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing another configuration example of the smoke detector according to the present invention. The smoke detector shown in FIG. 14 includes a control unit 11 that controls the entire detector, a first light emitting unit 12 that emits light having a wavelength λ ₁ when driven by the control unit 11, and a control unit 11. Second light emitting means 13 that emits light of wavelength λ ₂ when driven, scattered light of wavelength λ ₁ emitted from first light emitting means 12, and emitted from second light emitting means 13 and light receiving means 14 for receiving scattered light of the wavelength lambda ₂ of light, the scattered light output of the wavelength lambda ₁ from the light receiving means 14 scattered light output (light intensity output) y and the wavelength lambda ₂ (light intensity output) g On the other hand, the calculation means 15 for performing a predetermined calculation necessary for smoke detection, the smoke detection processing means 16 for performing smoke detection processing based on the calculation result from the calculation means 15, and the output means 17 for outputting the smoke detection processing result. And is emitted from the first light emitting means 12. That the wavelength lambda ₁ of light and the second wavelength lambda ₁ of the light emitted from the first light emitting means 12 such that the emitted wavelength lambda ₂ of light is of the same light emission direction from the light emitting means 13 And a light guiding means 19 for guiding the light having the wavelength λ ₂ emitted from the second light emitting means 13. In such a configuration, the light emission direction and the emission optical path of the light having the wavelength λ ₁ emitted from the first light emitting unit 12 and the light having the wavelength λ ₂ emitted from the second light emitting unit 13 are made the same. Thus, in the scattered light sensor, the smoke detection space can be made the same, and an accurate two-wavelength ratio can be obtained.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a specific example of the smoke detector of FIG. In the example of FIG. 15, LEDs 1 and 2 are provided as the first light emitting means 12 and the second light emitting means, respectively, and the light guiding means 19 uses a prism. That is, in the example of FIG. 15, since the wavelengths of light from the first light emitting unit 12 and the second light emitting unit 13 are different, the refraction angles of the respective lights in the prism 19 are different. In FIG. 15, LED 1 is used to emit light with a short wavelength with a large refraction angle, and LED 2 is used to emit light with a long wavelength with a small refraction angle. The light emission direction and the emission optical path of the light with the wavelength λ ₁ emitted from the light 12 and the light with the wavelength λ ₂ emitted from the second light emitting means 13 can be made the same.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing another specific example of the smoke detector of FIG. In the example of FIG. 16, LEDs 1 and 2 are provided as the first light emitting means 12 and the second light emitting means 13, respectively, and a branched optical fiber is used for the light guiding means 19. That is, in the example of FIG. 16, by using an optical fiber, light of wavelength λ ₁ emitted from the first light emitting means 12 and light of wavelength λ ₂ emitted from the second light emitting means 13. The emission direction and the emission optical path can be made the same. In the example of FIG. 16, plastic or the like can be used instead of the optical fiber.

  As described above, in the configuration example of FIG. 14, the first light emitting means 12 and the second light emitting means 13 (that is, two LEDs 1 and 2 having different two wavelengths) are respectively used by using prisms and optical fibers. Since it can be selected independently, the best one such as high luminance can be used.

  As described above, in the configuration examples of FIGS. 12 to 16, the smoke detection spaces can be made the same, whereby an accurate two-wavelength ratio can be obtained.

  In the present invention, the configuration examples shown in FIGS. 1 to 11 and the configuration examples shown in FIGS. 12 to 16 can be appropriately combined in an arbitrary manner. In this case, the smoke detection space can be made the same with the smoke detection time, and a more accurate two-wavelength ratio can be obtained.

  FIG. 17 is a view showing a specific example of the smoke detector of FIG. 1, FIG. 12 or FIG. In the example of FIG. 12, the smoke detector detects a smoke density as a physical quantity and converts it into an electrical signal (analog signal), and an analog signal output from the physical quantity detection unit 41 is output in a predetermined cycle. A / D conversion unit 42 that samples and converts to a digital signal, an address unit 43 in which the address of the sensor is set, a CPU 44 that controls the entire sensor such as abnormality (for example, fire) determination, and CPU 44 ROM 45 for storing the control program, RAM 46 used as various work areas, non-volatile memory 47 for storing individual data unique to the sensor, and the A / D detected by the physical quantity detector 41 The detection result of the physical quantity (smoke density) converted into a digital signal by the converter 42 (output level from the A / D converter 42) is, for example, a predetermined operating threshold level. A state output unit 48 for outputting a signal indicating an operating state (on state) to the transmission line (for example, L, C line) 3 when the CPU 44 determines that an abnormality such as a fire has occurred exceeding the level (for example, fire level). For example, a transmission unit (communication interface unit) 49 that performs transmission with the receiver 1 via the transmission path 3 is provided.

In other words, the smoke sensor in the example of FIG. 17 is configured as a so-called sensor address sensor (which belongs to an on / off type sensor according to its detection output signal). In the configuration of FIG. 17, when the physical quantity detection unit 41 has the functions of the first light emitting means 12, the second light emitting means 13, and the light receiving means 14 of FIG. 1, FIG. 12, or FIG. 2, when the functions of LED ₁ , LED ₂ , PD of FIG. 13, FIG. 15 or FIG. 16 are provided), the control means 11 of FIG. 1, FIG. 12 or FIG. Sixteen functions can be realized. Further, the status output unit 48 and the transmission unit 49 can realize the function of the output unit 17 shown in FIG.

  Further, in the RAM 46 and the non-volatile memory 47 in FIG. 17, for example, output values y (n) and g (n) that are alternately output from the physical quantity detection unit 41 (light receiving unit 14) and estimated values in the calculation unit 15. It is possible to store y ′ (n) or g ′ (n), a moving average value, a two-wavelength ratio, and the like.

  In addition, such a smoke detector can be incorporated and used for a monitoring control system (for example, disaster prevention system) as shown in FIG. 17 as an element of the monitoring control system (for example, disaster prevention system). Referring to FIG. 17, this monitoring control system (for example, a disaster prevention system) includes a receiver (for example, an addressable p-type receiver) 1 and a smoke detector 2 having the above-described configuration that is monitored and controlled by the receiver 1. doing.

  Here, the smoke detector 2 is connected to a predetermined transmission line (for example, L and C lines) 3 extending from the receiver 1, and in the example of FIG. The potential between L and C is set at 24V, the operating level (on level) of the sensor is set at, for example, a potential between L and C at 5V, and the short-circuit level is set at L, for example. The potential between C can be set to 0V.

  Corresponding to such a system configuration, the smoke detector state output unit 48 of FIG. 17 turns on the potential between L and C of the transmission line 3 as a signal indicating the operating state (ON state) of the detector. Level 5V is set.

  Further, when the receiver 1 detects that at least one of the smoke detectors 2 is activated (turned on) and the potential between the L and C of the transmission line 3 becomes the on level 5V. The address search pulse is generated using the potential of the short circuit level (0 V) and the on level (5 V) of the sensor, and is sent to the sensor 2 through the transmission line 3.

  The transmission unit 49 of the sensor in FIG. 17 is configured to receive such an address search pulse from the receiver 1 via the transmission line 3, that is, the L and C lines. When receiving a pulse, the CPU 44 of this sensor counts (counts) the number of address search pulses received so far, and this count value (count value) is set in the address section 43 of this sensor. It is determined whether or not the address matches, and when the address matches, the state of the own sensor (on state or off state) is given to the transmission unit 49, whereby the transmission unit 49, for example, Only when the state is on, a signal to that effect is sent to the receiver 1 via the transmission line 3, that is, the L and C lines. Specifically, the transmission unit 49 holds, for example, the potential between the L and C of the transmission line 3 at 0 V for a predetermined period as a signal indicating that the state of its own sensor is on when the addresses match. Then, the signal is transmitted to the receiver 1 (held in a short-circuited state for a predetermined period). As a result, the receiver 1 monitors whether the potential between the L and C of the transmission line 3 is maintained at 0 V for a predetermined period, and the potential between the L and C of the transmission line 3 is 0 V for the predetermined period. In this state, it can be specified that the sensor having an address corresponding to the number of address search pulses transmitted so far is in the operating state (ON state).

  In the example of FIG. 17, the smoke detector is described as being configured as a sensor address sensor. However, as the smoke detector, any smoke detector having the configuration of FIG. 1, FIG. 12 or FIG. 14 may be used. It can be applied to any on-off smoke detector. Accordingly, in the configuration example of FIG. 17, the address unit 43 and the like are not necessarily provided.

  In the above example, the case where the present invention is applied to an on / off type smoke detector has been described. However, the present invention is an R type monitoring control system (smoke) in which, for example, an analog type smoke detector is used as the sensor. It can also be applied to receivers of detection systems and disaster prevention systems. FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of an R-type monitoring control system in which, for example, an analog smoke detector is used as a sensor. Referring to FIG. 18, this monitoring control system is connected to a receiver (for example, R-type receiver) 51 and a transmission path 53 from the receiver 51, and is an analog type light scattering monitor-controlled by the receiver 51. And a smoke detector 52.

Here, the light scattering smoke detector 52 is a smoke detector having a configuration in which scattered light of _two different wavelengths λ ₁ and λ ₂ are alternately received in time. That is, for example, the light scattering smoke detector 52 detects a smoke density as a physical quantity and converts it into an electrical signal (analog signal), and an analog signal output from the physical quantity detector 61 is predetermined. A / D converter 62 that samples and converts the digital signal into a digital signal, address unit 63 in which the address of the sensor is set, and overall control in synchronization with the address polling cycle from receiver 51 There is provided a CPU 64 for performing transmission and a transmission unit 65 for performing transmission and reception of data and signals between the receiver 51.

Here, the physical quantity detection unit 61, for example, driving a first light emitting means 12 for emitting light having a wavelength lambda ₁ when it is driven by a drive signal CTL ₁ from CPU 64, by a drive signal CTL ₂ from CPU 64 The second light emitting means 13 for emitting light of wavelength λ ₂ and the scattered light of the light of wavelength λ ₁ emitted from the first light emitting means 12, emitted from the second light emitting means 13. The CPU 64 has a function of the light receiving means 14 that receives the scattered light having the wavelength λ ₂ , and the CPU 64 outputs the drive signals CTL ₁ and CTL ₂ with a time difference t when there is address polling from the receiver 51, The scattered light output signals of _two different wavelengths λ ₁ and λ ₂ that are alternately output (time difference t) from the physical quantity detector 61 are converted into digital signals by the A / D converter 62 and given to the transmitter 65. , Transmission unit 6 It is adapted to return to the receiver 51 the two wavelengths lambda _1, lambda ₂ of the scattered light output data different from.

In this case, the receiver 51 is provided with a transmission unit 54 for performing transmission control with the light scattering smoke detector 52 and a control unit 55 for performing smoke detection processing. in the control unit 55 of the machine 51, with respect to the wavelength lambda ₁ of the scattered light output y and the wavelength lambda ₂ of the scattered light output g sent from the light scattering type smoke sensor 52, the predetermined operations required smoke detection The function of the calculating means 15 which performs this, the smoke detection processing means 16 which performs a smoke detection process based on the calculation result from the calculation means 15, and the output means 17 which outputs a smoke detection process result is provided. Here, the computing means 15 has the configuration shown in FIG. 4 or 5 and may further have a function of moving average processing.

In such a configuration, the receiver 51, a light scattering type smoke sensor 52 and the address polling from light scattering type smoke sensor 52, and the scattered light output g of the scattered light output y and the wavelength lambda ₂ wavelength lambda ₁ when obtaining, with respect to the scattered light output g of the scattered light output y and the wavelength lambda ₂ wavelength lambda ₁ from the light scattering type smoke sensor 52, performs a predetermined calculation required for smoke detection by the operation unit 15. That is, the above-described estimation process (for example, interpolation process), two-wavelength ratio calculation process, and moving average process are performed. Thereby, an accurate two-wavelength ratio can be calculated, and the smoke detection processing unit 16 performs a smoke detection process based on the two-wavelength ratio accurately calculated by the calculation unit 15 (determines the type (quality) of smoke, Further, based on this, it is determined whether or not there is a fire), and the smoke detection processing result can be output by the output means 17. For example, when it is determined that a fire has occurred, an alarm can be output.

  Thus, the present invention can be applied to the smoke detector itself, and if the smoke detector is an analog type, the present invention can also be applied to a receiver. A wavelength ratio is obtained, and smoke detection processing and fire judgment processing can be performed with high reliability.

In each of the above-described examples, light of wavelengths λ ₁ and λ ₂ is respectively applied to the physical quantity detectors 41 and 61 of the light scattering smoke detector (on / off type or analog type) as shown in FIG. Two types of light emitting means 12 and 13 (LED ₁ and LED ₂ ) that emit light are used (that is, two light sources are used as the light source). Instead of this, for example, FIG. As shown, only one light source 71 (for example, a tongue-and-run lamp) is used as a light source, and light of a predetermined wavelength λ from one light source 71 is transmitted by an interference filter 72 having different wavelength characteristics (the interference filter 72 is a motor). The wavelength characteristics may be switched alternately by half-rotating by 74) and converted into light having wavelengths λ ₁ and λ ₂ . In this case, for example, the first light emitting means 12 of FIG. 1 is realized by one light source 71 and the portion 72a of the wavelength characteristic λ ₁ of the interference filter 72, and the second light emitting means of FIG. 13 is realized by one light source 71 and the portion 72 b of the wavelength characteristic λ ₂ of the interference filter 72.

In the example of FIG. 2 and the like, it is assumed that one light receiving element PD is used for the light receiving means 14, but the light receiving means 14 of FIG. 1, FIG. 12 or FIG. It can also be realized by _two light receiving elements PD ₁ and PD ₂ .

Further, in the configuration of FIG. 19, light receiving elements having different spectral sensitivities may be used as the _two light receiving elements PD ₁ and PD ₂ without providing the interference filter 72.

That is, according to the present invention, any smoke detector and reception of a monitoring control system using the same can be used as long as scattered light of _two different wavelengths λ ₁ and λ ₂ is alternately received in time by the light receiving means. Can be applied to the machine.

  In addition, when the smoke detector or the receiver has the above-described calculation processing functions (functions such as estimation processing (for example, interpolation processing), two-wavelength ratio calculation processing, and moving average processing) as described above, The function can be provided in the form of, for example, a software package (specifically, an information recording medium such as a CD-ROM). That is, a program for realizing the functions of the computing means 15 of the present invention (that is, for example, a program used by the CPU 44 in the case of the smoke detector of FIG. 12) is recorded on a portable information recording medium. Can be provided in the state.

  In this case, the smoke detector or the receiver may be provided with a mechanism for detachably mounting the information recording medium. Further, the information recording medium on which the program and the like are recorded is not limited to the CD-ROM, and a ROM, RAM, flexible disk, memory card or the like may be used. The program recorded in the information recording medium is stored in the storage device of the smoke detector or the receiver (for example, the RAM 46 in the case of the smoke sensor having the configuration shown in FIG. 17) when the information recording medium is attached to the smoke detector or the receiver. By being installed on the computer, this program can be executed to realize the arithmetic processing function of the present invention.

The program for realizing the above-described arithmetic processing function of the present invention is not only provided in the form of a medium, but also provided to a smoke detector or a receiver by communication (for example, by a server). Also good.

It is a figure which shows the structural example of the smoke detector which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the example of 1 structure of a physical quantity detection part. 4 is a time chart illustrating an example of drive signals CTL ₁ and CTL ₂ . It is a figure which shows the structural example of a calculating means. It is a figure which shows the structural example of a calculating means. It is a figure which shows an example of an estimation process. It is a figure for demonstrating the simulation experiment result. It is a figure for demonstrating the simulation experiment result. It is a figure for demonstrating the simulation experiment result. It is a figure for demonstrating the simulation experiment result. It is a figure which shows the experimental result of the relationship between 2 wavelength ratio and particle diameter. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the smoke detector which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the specific example of the smoke detector of FIG. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the smoke detector which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the specific example of the smoke detector of FIG. It is a figure which shows the specific example of the smoke detector of FIG. It is a figure which shows the specific structural example of the smoke sensor of FIG.1, FIG12 or FIG.14. It is a figure showing an example of composition of a supervisory control system concerning the present invention. It is a figure which shows the other structural example of a physical quantity detection part.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,51 Receiver 2,52 Smoke detector 3,53 Transmission path extended from receiver 11 Control means 12 1st light emission means 13 2nd light emission means 14 Light reception means 15 Calculation means 16 Smoke detection processing means 17 Output means 18 Light emitting element 19 Light guiding means 21, 23 Estimating means 22, 24 2 Wavelength ratio calculating means 41, 61 Physical quantity detecting part 42, 62 A / D converting part 43, 63 Address part 44, 64 CPU
45 ROM
46 RAM
47 Nonvolatile memory 48 Status output part 49 Transmission part 65 Transmission part

Claims (5)

The ratio of the two different wavelengths lambda _1, the lambda ₂ of the scattered light to a smoke detector arrangement for receiving the receiving means, the wavelength lambda ₁ of the scattered light output y and the wavelength lambda ₂ of the scattered light output g from the light receiving means Is calculated as a two-wavelength ratio, and smoke detection processing means for determining the quality of the smoke based on the two-wavelength ratio from the calculation means. The smoke detection processing means includes: A smoke detector, wherein the smoke quality is determined to be a non-fire factor when the two-wavelength ratio is 2 or less. 2. A smoke detector according to claim 1, wherein said smoke detection processing means variably sets a fire judgment standard for each smoke quality when judging the smoke quality. vessel. 3. The smoke detector according to claim 2, wherein the smoke detection processing means is configured to variably set a fire level for determining whether or not there is a fire according to the magnitude of the two-wavelength ratio. A smoke detector. 4. The smoke detector according to claim 1, wherein a first light emitting unit that emits light having the wavelength λ _{1 and} a second light emitting unit that emits light having the wavelength λ _2. Is arranged on the outer edge of the bottom surface of the cone with the intersection of the optical axes of the first and second light emitting means as the apex, and the light receiving means is located on the center of the cone with respect to the intersection. A smoke detector, which is disposed on a side opposite to the side on which the first and second light emitting means are provided. A monitoring control system comprising a receiver and an analog light scattering smoke detector connected to a transmission path from the receiver and monitored and controlled by the receiver. If the detector is a smoke detector configured to receive scattered light of _two different wavelengths λ ₁ and λ ₂ , the receiver has a scattered light output y of wavelength λ ₁ from the light scattering smoke detector and Computation means for obtaining the ratio of the scattered light output g of wavelength λ ₂ as a two-wavelength ratio, and smoke detection processing means for performing smoke detection processing based on the two-wavelength ratio from the computation means are provided, and the smoke detection The monitoring control system, wherein the processing means determines that the smoke quality is a non-fire factor when the two-wavelength ratio from the calculating means is 2 or less.

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