JP2005111391A - Washing type filtration purification device - Google Patents

Abstract

【Task】
The present invention relates to a filtration and purification apparatus for the purpose of water purification, solid-liquid separation, and the like, and more particularly, a washing-type filtration and purification apparatus capable of separating a substance to be separated satisfactorily for a long period of time without deterioration in purification performance due to filter clogging. Related to the structure.
[Solution]
The filter of the main filtered magnetic separation and purification device is periodically cleaned by chemical and physical cleaning to remove the deposits accumulated on the filter, and a spare filtered magnetic separation and purification device is arranged in parallel. It can solve the problem of deterioration in purification performance due to clogging.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a structure of a filtration and purification device capable of separating and cleaning a filter, which prevents separation of the substance to be separated by filtration with a filter, and prevents the clogging of the filter well against leakage of the substance to be separated due to a filter failure.

  In Patent Document 1, for the purpose of solid-liquid separation or the like, a thin wire mesh or a mesh knitted with polymer fibers is used as a water separation membrane. A magnetic separation / purification device is described in which a magnetic floc is generated by adding a liquid, the magnetic floc is separated by a membrane, and the magnetic floc collected by the membrane is magnetically separated and removed by a magnetic field generating means to recover high-concentration sludge. Has been.

  The filtered magnetic separation and purification device comprises a membrane molecular part having a mesh made of fine stainless steel wires, polyester fibers, or the like and having openings with openings of several tens of micrometers, for example. In order to separate fine pollutants smaller than the projected area and projected diameter of the opening, for example, flocculant sulphate, polyaluminum chloride, polyiron sulfate and magnetic powder are added to the raw water and stirred together, A magnetic floc is formed by combining fine solid suspensions in the water, algae, fungi, and microorganisms with a condensing agent to a size of several hundred microns. This magnetic floc cannot pass through an opening having an opening of several tens of micrometers, and is captured and separated at a high removal rate. Water that has permeated the membrane becomes purified water with higher water quality.

  After the magnetic flocs collected on the membrane are washed away from the membrane with washing water, the magnetic flocs that remain in the vicinity of the water surface are magnetically separated by being attracted by the magnetic force of a magnet that is stationaryly placed near the water surface, It is transferred to the sludge collection tank by the sludge transfer means. Ultimately, the sludge is usually transported to a disposal site or incineration site by a truck or the like, and a part of the magnetic powder and the flocculant is recovered and reused by the regeneration process.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 2002-273261.

  In Patent Document 1, a part of oil fine particles in oil water containing emulsified particles accompanied by crude oil produced from oil wells in the raw water or a part of the flocculant is obtained by continuous filtration operation. There is a problem that a part of the iron hydroxide or aluminum hydroxide that chemically reacts with the portion accumulates on the fine wire constituting the filter, resulting in clogging, and a predetermined amount of raw water cannot be purified.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a washing type filtration and purification device that prevents a decrease in processing performance due to a filter clogging defect with respect to a filtering function of a substance to be separated by a filter.

  The object is to filter the fluid to be treated containing the object to be removed, the first filtering means having an opening through which the object to be removed cannot pass, and the first object to be removed filtered by the first filtering means. A first peeling means for peeling from the first filtration means, a second filtration means arranged in parallel with the first filtration means, and a clogging for detecting clogging of the first filtration means and the second filtration means. Detection means, clogging information transmission means for transmitting clogging information from the clogging detection means, deliberate switching means for switching the fluid flow path of the fluid containing the removal object to the first filtration means and the second filtration means This is achieved by including a cleaning means for cleaning the first filtering means and the second filtering means, and a second peeling means for peeling the filtered second object to be removed from the second filtering means.

  Moreover, the said objective is achieved by returning the washing | cleaning waste water which wash | cleaned the said 1st peeling means and the said 2nd peeling means to the upstream of the said 1st filtration means.

  The above object is achieved by including magnetic separation means in the first peeling means and the second peeling means.

  Further, the above object is achieved by at least a part of the magnetic separation means of the first peeling means and the second peeling means being composed of a permanent magnet.

  Further, the above object is achieved in the magnetic separation means of the first peeling means and the second peeling means, wherein at least a part of the magnetic separation means is constituted by a permanent magnet and a part thereof is constituted by a superconducting magnet. Is done.

  The above object can be achieved by using at least an acidic or alkaline aqueous solution in the cleaning means.

  Further, the above object is achieved by using at least high temperature and high pressure steam in the cleaning means.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the filtration purification apparatus which prevents the fall of the processing performance by the malfunction of the clogging of a filter regarding the filtration function of the to-be-separated substance by a filter can be provided.

  In order to solve the above problems, the filtration separator is arranged in parallel with a plurality of filtration separators capable of performing filtration treatment of the raw water amount exceeding the necessary treatment capacity of raw water, periodically stopping the filtration separation treatment, Therefore, the filtration filter is washed with an acid or alkaline aqueous solution, the clogged accumulation is dissolved, removed from the filter, and regenerated, thereby solving the problem of filter clogging. The cleaning solution is returned to the raw water tank and purified again.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a filtered magnetic separation and purification device provided with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a filtered magnetic separation and purification device provided with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.
In FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, large millimeters of several millimeters are removed from the raw water storage tank 1, and raw water 2 which is treated water having fine substances to be separated, for example, oil particles, organic matter, microorganisms, etc., is stored in the pump 3. A predetermined amount of this raw water 2 is sent to the pipe 4. Coagulant and polymer reinforcement that provide aluminum ions and iron ions such as magnetic powder such as iron tetroxide and pH adjuster, aqueous solution such as polyaluminum chloride, iron chloride and ferric sulfate from seeding agent adjusting device 5 An agent or the like is added into the pipe 4 through the conduit 6 and stirred at a high speed by a stirring blade 9 that is rotationally driven by a motor 8 in a stirring tank 7 to generate a magnetic micro floc of several hundred microns. Thereafter, a polymer reinforcing agent or the like is added from the polymer agent adjusting device 11 into the pipe 10 through the conduit 12, and is slowly agitated at a low speed with the stirring blade 15 rotated by the motor 14 of the agitation tank 13, A pretreated water 17 containing a magnetic floc 16 (not shown in FIG. 1) having a size of several millimeters is generated.

  The pretreated water 17 thus generated is passed through the conduit 18 to the filtered magnetic separator 19. The structure of the filtration magnetic separation device 19 will be described with reference to FIGS. On the outer peripheral surface of the rotary drum 20 is provided a net 21 serving as a filtration filter having an opening having openings of several micrometers to several tens of micrometers made of stainless steel fine wires, copper fine wires, polyester fibers, or the like.

  The pretreated water 17 flowing into the water tank 22 passes through the net 21 and flows into the drum 121. At this time, the magnetic floc 16 in the pretreated water is captured by the inner surface of the net 21, and the water that has passed through the net 21 and separated from the magnetic floc 16 becomes purified water that is discharged from the opening 23, passes through the pipe 24, and is purified water tank. It collects in 25 and is discharged out of the system. The power that the pretreated water 17 passes through the net 21 is a liquid level difference between the pretreated water 17 and the purified water in the drum 20.

  On the other hand, the magnetic floc 16 is filtered and attached to the outer surface of the mesh 21 that rotates counterclockwise in FIG. 2, and becomes a deposit and is exposed to the atmosphere on the liquid surface.

  The purified water in the purified water tank 25 is pressurized by the pump 26 and sent from the conduit 27 to the shower pipe 28, and shower water is blown from the inner surface of the net 21 to the outer surface side through the hole. The magnetic floc 16 accumulated on the outer surface of the net 21 is peeled off by shower water, and the surface of the net 21 is regenerated. The washed-out magnetic floc 16 stays on the surface of the pretreated water 17 in the water tank 22.

  A rotary magnet 29 used as a magnetic field generating means for magnetic separation has a permanent magnet body 31 fixed to a plurality of grooves on an outer surface of a rotating body 30 made of a non-magnetic material with an adhesive or the like. 30 has a structure in which the number of rotations is controlled by a motor 32 to rotate.

  On the other hand, the sludge transfer rotator 33 made of a non-magnetic material used for transferring magnetically separated magnetic flocs is rotated by a motor 35 via a shaft 34 and rotated. At the end, the shaft 34 is supported by the wall of the water tank 22 by a rotating support body 36 having a water honey property, and at the other end, the outer periphery of the rotating body 33 is connected to the water tank through a rotation support body 37 having a water honey property. The inner wall of the rotary support 36 is open to the atmosphere.

  The magnets 29 are inserted from the air release surface of the rotator 33 into the rotator 33, and are installed so that the magnetic flocs 16 group washed away with washing water stops, that is, approaches the position on the rotating drum side. The Here, in this embodiment, the axis of the rotator 33 and the axis of the rotator 30 are shifted from each other. Although not shown in the drawing, the magnet 29 is fixed to a part of the water tank 22 with a bolt or the like so as to be located at a predetermined place. The rotation direction of the rotator 33 and the rotator 30 is the same direction and rotates in the direction in which the magnetically attracted magnetic flocks 16 group are moved to the atmosphere side. Both rotation speeds may be the same or different. In the case of the present embodiment, the rotational speed of the rotating body 30 on the magnet side is larger than the rotational speed of the rotating body 33. That is, the rotation speed is fast.

  The magnetic flocs 16 group that is washed off and stays in the vicinity of the water surface is attracted and moved to the magnet side by the magnetic field of the magnet 29 and adheres to the outer surface of the rotating body 33 that rotates outside the magnetic field 29. As it rotates, it is exposed to the atmosphere. In the atmosphere, excess water in the magnetic floc 16 group flows down on the surface of the rotating body 33 due to gravity, and the magnetic floc 16 group is further concentrated. Here, the moisture content of the magnetic floc decreases to about 97%.

  The concentrated magnetic flock 16 group on the surface of the rotator 33 is moved by the rotation of the rotator 33. At this time, since the axis of the rotator 33 and the axis of the rotator 30 are arranged so as to deviate from each other, they gradually move away from the magnet 29, whereby the magnetic attractive force is rapidly reduced as the distance from the magnet increases. The group of magnetic flocs 16 is peeled off from the surface of the rotating body 33 by a spatula 38 partially supported by the water tank 22 so as to be scraped off, dropped into the sludge recovery tank 39 by gravity, and separated and collected as sludge. .

  The discharged sludge is introduced into a dewatering device 41 such as a centrifuge or a belt press through a pipe 40, the water content is reduced to about 85% or less so that water does not leak from the sludge during transportation, and organic substances during composting are decomposed. The high-concentration sludge concentrated to about 75% of the moisture content capable of activating the microorganisms to be activated is stored in the sludge tank 43 through the pipe 42. The sludge is transported by truck to a disposal site, incineration plant or composting plant.

  The treated sewage dehydrated by the dehydrator enters the treated sewage tank 45 through the pipe 44, is pressurized by the pump 46, returns to the raw water tank 1 through the pipe 47, and is again introduced into the pretreatment process.

In the operation control device 48, raw water, liquid level, turbidity, temperature, pH value and the like are measured by the sensor 49, and the information is transmitted to the operation control device 48 through the signal line 50. Based on the information, it is the best for producing good magnetic floc.
Is calculated by the optimum amount calculation program inputted in advance, and the control information is transmitted to the medicine tank 5 via the signal line 51 to add the optimum amount. At the same time,
The rotation speed of the stirring motor and the stop time in the stirring tank are calculated in the operation control device 48, and the control information is transmitted to the motor 8 via the signal line 52, and the stirring blade 9 is rotated at the optimum rotation speed. , And transmitted via the signal line 53 to control the discharge amount of the pump 3 for determining the stopping time in the stirring tank.

In addition, it is optimal for producing good magnetic floc.
Is calculated by the optimum amount calculation program inputted in advance, and the control information is transmitted to the medicine tank 11 via the signal line 54 to add the optimum amount. At the same time,
The rotation speed of the stirring motor is calculated in the operation control device 48, and the control information is transmitted to the motor 14 via the signal line 55 to rotate the stirring blade 15 at the optimal rotation speed.

  On the other hand, in the filtration magnetic separation device 19, the liquid level of the pretreated water 17 in the water tank 22 is measured by the sensor 56, and the information is transmitted to the operation control device 48 through the signal line 57. Based on the information, the optimal position of the rotary drum 20 is set so that the liquid surface position of the pretreatment water is substantially in the center of the installation position of the magnet 29, that is, the average value of the magnetic field generated by the magnet 29 is at the maximum position. The rotation speed and the appropriate recovery speed of the magnetic flock 16 group are calculated by the optimum amount calculation program inputted in advance, and the control signal is transmitted to the rotation motor (not shown) of the rotary drum via the signal line 58. In addition, the signal is transmitted to the motor 35 via the signal line 59, and each is controlled to an optimum rotational speed.

  In order to magnetically attract the cleaned magnetic flocs 16 group by the magnetic field of the magnet 29, the surface of the pretreated water in the water tank 22 is substantially at the center of the magnetic field of the magnet 29, that is, at the position of the AA cross section in FIG. It is desirable to be. When the water surface is lower than the position of the AA cross section, the magnetic flock 16 group can be attached to the surface of the rotating body 33 only at a position lower than the water surface. Here, when the magnets 29 are stationary, the magnetic field distribution generated by the magnets 29 is not uniform on the magnet surface because each of the arranged permanent magnets has a non-uniform magnetic field distribution. The magnetic field distribution is also non-uniform and the magnetic attractive force is non-uniform.

  Accordingly, when the water surface where a large number of the washed magnetic flocs 16 stays is in a portion where the magnetic attractive force is weak, the processing performance of magnetically separating and recovering the magnetic flocs 16 is deteriorated. However, in the present embodiment in which the magnet 29 rotates, a magnetic field portion having a strong magnetic field distribution is always passed through the water surface portion with a short period. Therefore, a large number of magnetic flocks 16 on the water surface portion are magnetically attracted to rotate the rotating body. By adhering to the outer surface of 33 and making the magnetic field substantially the same as the moving speed of the rotating body 33, the magnetic flocs 16 group can be transferred by the rotating body 30 while maintaining the magnetic attraction force in the moving method. It is possible to prevent the recovery processing performance from deteriorating.

  On the other hand, when the water surface is higher than the position of the AA cross section, a large number of magnetic flocs 16 groups remain at a position higher than the water surface, but the surface of the rotating body 33 is weak because the magnetic field is weak. Hard to adhere. Here, when the magnet 29 is stationary, the magnetic field distribution generated by the magnet 29 becomes non-uniform and the magnetic attraction force becomes non-uniform as in the case described above. Therefore, when the water surface is at a site where the magnetic attractive force is weak, the collection performance of the magnetic flock 16 group is lowered. However, in the present embodiment in which the magnet 29 rotates, a magnetic field portion having a strong magnetic field distribution is always passed through the water surface portion with a short period, so that the magnetic flocs 16 group on the high water surface portion are magnetically attracted to the rotating body 33. By attaching the magnetic field to the outer surface and making the magnetic field substantially the same as the moving speed of the rotating body 33, the magnetic flocs 16 group can be transferred by the rotating body 30 while maintaining the magnetic attraction force in the moving method. It can prevent that processing performance falls.

  Further, the liquid level of the pretreatment water in the water tank 22 is generated when the amount of filtration in the net 21 is lower than the inflow due to insufficient rotation of the net 21 or the like. When the water rises, the overflow water recovery tank 61 is provided so that the pretreatment water does not overflow the wall 60 from the pretreatment water side in the water tank 22 into the sludge recovery tank 39, and the overflow water passes through the pipe 62. Then, after entering the treated wastewater tank 45 and being pressurized by the pump 46, it returns to the raw water tank 1 through the pipe 47.

  Here, when the clogging of the net 21 proceeds to some extent, the opening area of the net 21 becomes narrow and the water flow resistance increases. Due to the increase in water flow resistance, the liquid level of the pretreatment water in the water tank 22 rises, and the operation of increasing the throughput by increasing the rotation speed of the net 21 is carried out. When clogging occurs, an operation for removing clogged deposits on the net 21 is performed as follows. If the increase in the rotational speed cannot prevent the pretreatment water level rise measured by the level gauge 56 within a predetermined time, the operation control device 48 determines that the clogging of the net 21 has grown to some extent, The valve 101 is closed, the valve 102 is opened, and the pretreated water is guided to the spare filtration magnetic separation apparatus 100 through the pipe 103. The purification operation method in the filtered magnetic separator 100 is the same as that of the filtered magnetic separator 19.

  In order to clean the net 21 of the filtration magnetic separation device 19, for example, hydrochloric acid water is sprayed from the cleaning chemical tank 104 through the pipe to the outer surface of the net 21 through the nozzle 105. At this time, the rotating drum of the net 21 rotates at a low speed so that the hydrochloric acid water reaches the entire surface of the net 21. Aggregates of iron hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide on the net 21 are dissolved by the sprinkled acidic water. After a chemical reaction and dissolution for a predetermined time, the nozzle 28 is cleaned with cleaning water using purified water in the purified water tank 25. The washing water at this time is pressurized by the pump 46, the valve 104 is opened and returned to the raw water tank 1.

  Further, in order to wash organic matter in the raw water accumulated in the net 21, sodium hydroxide water is sprayed from the nozzle to the outer surface of the net 21 through, for example, a pipe from the cleaning chemical tank 106. At this time, the rotating drum of the net 21 rotates at a low speed so that the hydrochloric acid water reaches the entire surface of the net 21. The organic matter on the net 21 is decomposed and dissolved by the sprinkled alkaline water. After a chemical reaction and dissolution for a predetermined time, the nozzle 28 is washed with washing water using purified water in the purified water tank 25. The washing water at this time is pressurized by the pump 46, opens the valve 107, and returns to the raw water tank 1. In the raw water tank, acidic water and alkaline water used as cleaning chemicals are neutralized to produce a salt, which is taken into flocs and discharged as sludge in the pretreatment step.

  On the other hand, during the cleaning of the net 21 of the filtered magnetic separator 19, the pretreated water is purified by the spare filtered magnetic separator 100 through the valve 102. The purified water is discharged out of the system from the purified water tank 25 through the pipe 108.

  After cleaning the net 21, the valves 102 and 104 are closed, the valve 101 is opened, the pretreated water is introduced into the filtration magnetic separation device 19, and the operation mode before the cleaning of the net 21 is returned.

  When the net 21 of the filtered magnetic separation apparatus 100 is clogged, the cleaning chemical tanks 104 and 106 and the nozzle 105 of the filtered magnetic separation apparatus 100 are similarly cleaned. The washing water is opened by valves 107 and 109 and pressurized by the pump 46 and returned to the raw water tank 1.

  According to the present embodiment, the filtration magnetic separation device net can be periodically washed and regenerated by chemical treatment, so that there is an effect that the purification performance by filtration magnetic separation can be stably maintained over a long period of time. In addition, since the raw water can be purified by the filtration magnetic separation apparatus arranged in parallel, there is an effect that the purification performance by the filtration magnetic separation can be stably maintained and secured even during the cleaning of the net.

  In this embodiment, a case where one main filtration magnetic separation device 19 and one spare filtration magnetic separation device 100 are arranged has been described, but the chemical cleaning time of the net is completed in a short time, Even in the case where a plurality of filtration magnetic separation devices 19 are installed and one spare filtration magnetic separation device 100 is arranged, the net is sequentially chemically cleaned one by one with the filtration magnetic separation device 19, and each time a spare filtration is performed. By treating the pretreated water for washing with the magnetic separation device 100, there is an effect that the purification performance by the filtration magnetic separation can be stably maintained and secured even during the washing of the net.

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 differs from FIG. 1 in that a superconducting magnet 110 having a large magnetic field is arranged in the magnet of the magnetic separation unit in the main filtered magnetic separation device 19.
In FIG. 4, the amount of magnetic powder such as iron tetroxide added to the seeding agent adjusting device 5 can be greatly reduced by adopting a configuration in which the superconducting magnet 110 having a large magnetic field is arranged. That is, the magnitude of the magnetic field and magnetic field gradient of the superconducting magnet 110 is several times larger than that of the permanent magnet, so that the magnetic force is increased and the magnetic powder can be reduced to a fraction. In the case of chemically cleaning the net of the filtration magnetic separation device 19, the preliminary filtration magnetic separation device 100 performs a purification operation only for a short time of washing. In this case, the magnet of the filtration magnetic separation device 100 is a permanent magnet. The control of the operation control device 48 increases the input amount of magnetic powder such as iron tetroxide added to the seeding agent adjusting device 5 several times, and the magnetic separation operation capability in the spare filtration magnetic separation device 100 does not decrease. To control.

  According to the present embodiment, in the purification operation in the normal filtration magnetic separation device 19, the magnet price is several tens of times higher than that of the permanent magnet, but the operation cost can be reduced because the amount of magnetic powder to be added is small. The preliminary filtration magnetic separation device 100 at the time of net cleaning is composed of a filtration magnetic separation device using a permanent magnet with a small magnet price, and the purification performance is lowered by operation control that increases the amount of magnetic powder only between units Therefore, the cleaning operation cost can be further reduced as compared to the first embodiment.

  In the above embodiment, the case where a chemical cleaning means is used as a periodic net cleaning means has been described. However, even if high temperature and high pressure steam is used for cleaning, good cleaning cost can be obtained. The same effect of preventing deterioration in purification performance is produced.

  According to the present invention, in a filtration and purification apparatus for the purpose of water purification and solid-liquid separation, in particular, clogging of a filter is periodically chemically and physically washed to remove deposits on the filter, and at the same time, preliminary filtration and purification. Since the purification of the raw water can be continued by the apparatus, it is possible to provide a washing type filtration and purification apparatus that can remove a substance to be separated stably and satisfactorily for a long period of time without a decrease in purification performance due to filter clogging.

FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a filtered magnetic separation and purification device provided with an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a filtered magnetic separation unit provided with an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a filtered magnetic separation unit provided with another embodiment of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 20 ... Rotary drum, 21 ... Net, 22 ... Water tank, 30 ... Rotating body, 31 ... Permanent magnet, 100 ... Preliminary filtration magnetic separation and purification apparatus, 104 ... Cleaning chemical tank, 105 ... Nozzle, 106 ... Cleaning chemical tank, 110 ... Superconducting magnet.

Claims (7)

  A first filtering means for filtering a fluid to be treated containing a material to be removed and having an opening through which the material to be removed cannot pass, and a first material to be removed filtered by the first filtering means. A first peeling means for peeling from, a second filtering means arranged in parallel with the first filtering means, a clogging detecting means for detecting clogging of the first filtering means and the second filtering means, Clogging information transmitting means for transmitting clogging information from the clogging detecting means, flow path switching means for switching the fluid flow path of the fluid containing the removal object to the first filtering means and the second filtering means, and the first A cleaning type filtration and purification apparatus, comprising: a filtering means, a cleaning means for cleaning the second filtering means, and a second peeling means for peeling the filtered second object to be removed from the second filtering means. The cleaning filtration and purification device according to claim 1,
A cleaning-type filtration and purification apparatus, wherein cleaning waste water that has washed the first peeling means and the second peeling means is returned to the upstream side of the first filtration means. The cleaning filtration and purification device according to claim 1,
A cleaning type filtration and purification apparatus, wherein the first peeling means and the second peeling means include magnetic separation means. It is a washing | cleaning type filtration purification apparatus of Claim 1 or Claim 3, Comprising:
In the magnetic separation means of the first peeling means and the second peeling means, at least one part is composed of a permanent magnet. It is a washing | cleaning type filtration purification apparatus of Claim 1 or Claim 3, Comprising:
In the magnetic separation means of the first peeling means and the second peeling means, at least a part of the magnetic separation means is constituted by a permanent magnet, and a part thereof is constituted by a superconducting magnet. apparatus. The cleaning filtration and purification device according to claim 1,
A cleaning-type filtration and purification device, wherein at least an acidic or alkaline aqueous solution is used in the cleaning means. The cleaning filtration and purification device according to claim 1,
A cleaning-type filtration and purification apparatus using at least high-temperature and high-pressure steam in the cleaning means.

Images