JP2005110830A - Computer program system correcting malocclusion of dentition using snap form - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an orthodontic straightening technique not requiring a wire bending. <P>SOLUTION: The dentition is corrected by using a plurality of prong units attached to the teeth from the tongue side, and a U-shaped arch detachably attached to the respective heads of the units in a snap form and having a plurality of compartments. The orthodontics are stepwisely performed by the U-shaped arch adjusted by an aid of a computer. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to orthodontic technology.

  Wire bending (wire binding) in traditional orthodontics is a time consuming work, but is an essential work in conventional orthodontics. If necessary, the unevenness of the teeth can be corrected by attaching an appropriate bending tool to the U-shaped arch wire, if necessary. When orthodontic brackets (arms) are attached to irregularly arranged teeth, and the archwire is attached to the slot, the force to correct the irregular teeth is applied for a certain period of time. Since a plurality of teeth to be corrected are fastened to the archwire, the archwire affects the correction of the dentition.

  The types of movement required for teeth to correct misalignment of teeth are vertical movement (pushing or intrusion), forward / backward movement (movement toward the tongue and movement toward the cheek), rotation (movement in the socket) (Clockwise and counterclockwise rotation of teeth), tilting (movement of teeth tilting mesial or distal), twisting (movement of teeth turning to the lingual or buccal side) and lateral (lateral) It is movement.

  Today, orthodontic brackets are attached to teeth with cement. Each bracket is provided with a slot for holding the archwire, two upper and lower grooves, and a fastening wing for holding the fastening wire, which is used to tie the bracket to the archwire . In older technology, the bracket was first welded to a metal band, which then slid over the individual teeth and secured in place.

  One-piece orthodontic brackets were cast so that a certain amount (average amount) of vertical movement, forward / backward movement, tilting, rotation and twisting could be realized. This alleviated the dexterity of the hand required to handle the archwire. Of course, the bracket is properly placed and joined in place.

  In the above scheme, where the amount of movement is average, only the force is supplied to the average dentition, so differences that normally occur in dental anatomy and bracket misplacement are not allowed. Then, wire bending is necessary to correct subtle irregularities of the dentition. Therefore, it has been time-consuming and expensive.

  New methods have also been proposed that do not require wire bending in orthodontics. Continuous miniature positioners manufactured with the help of computers are actually used. This must move multiple teeth with a slight increase and must be worn for 22 hours per day with optional use. The theory of continuous positioners is based on the natural tooth anatomical model, ie, the undercut of the dentition. This method is laborious, not very effective, the results of treatment are not sustainable, and its use is markedly limited.

  The present invention provides a new orthodontic procedure that allows for unintentional controlled movement of teeth for 24 hours a day. In the orthodontic appliance according to the present invention, each attachment attached to the lingual side of each tooth, that is, a prong unit described later, greatly amplifies the mechanical force acting on the tooth. Each attachment includes a joined base, a short neck, and a square, triangular, or polygonal prong head. This attachment was prepared by a computer for each tooth based on a pre-made tooth negative and model. The second part of the corrector according to the present invention comprises a semi-flexible U-shaped arch, also prepared using a computer, which has a hollow compartment that is spaced along the arch. Provided. And the above-mentioned prong head is attached to each compartment. Depending on the position and orientation of the compartments in the semi-flexible U-shaped arch, each compartment can be moved up and down, back and forth, tilted, rotated, twisted, moved laterally, etc. Use power.

  When the patient wears the first orthodontic appliance of the present invention for a period of time, the initial stage of orthodontic correction ends. Thereafter, the initial corrector is replaced with the next programmed corrector, which can be done relatively easily. By repeating this, the uneven tooth arrangement is gradually corrected. Orthodontic correction can be accomplished by using a stepwise continuous orthodontic appliance. Since the prong head of the orthodontic appliance of the present invention has a stronger force acting on individual teeth than the positioner described above, the orthodontic technique of the present invention is not only more effective, but also in complicated cases. It is possible to cope with precise and special dentition movement. This technology is economically inexpensive and improves patient satisfaction.

  The present invention uses a series of repetitive prong units (attachments) to convey orthodontic forces to dentitions that are not neatly arranged. As shown in FIG. 1, the prong unit generally includes a pedestal 1 having a curved contact surface, and the entire prong unit is firmly attached to the lingual side of the dentition. In addition to the base, the prong unit includes a short neck 2 and a prong head 3. Prong heads (sometimes referred to simply as heads) are generally polyhedral in shape, and the corrective force that corrects irregular teeth to a normal posture is, for example, twisting, tilting, up / down, left / right or The corrective force to move back and forth is transmitted to the prong head.

  The base 1 of the prong unit is first attached to a positioning template 7 as shown in FIGS. The positioning template 7 functions as a guide for joining the base of the unit to a specified tooth, and the curved contact surface of the base is first joined to this template. A bonding agent is used for bonding, but after the bonding agent is cured, the positioning template is broken and discarded except for the attached portion of the base. The positioning template used in the present invention is designed and prepared by a computer processed manufacturing process. When the template is removed, the joined prong head (see FIG. 4) is ready for use.

  Next, a semi-flexible U-shaped arch 12 as shown in FIG. 5 is prepared. The arch is provided with a compartment 5 at a position corresponding to the selected tooth, which is also performed using a computer. Each compartment 5 has a rectangular insertion hole 10 having a flexible entrance, and the prong head 3 is inserted and held in the insertion hole. The entrance of the insertion hole may be circular. Regardless of the inlet shape, the attachment / detachment of the prong head to the insertion hole is a snap style.

  When prong heads are inserted into all compartments, each prong head is given one or more of the corrective forces as described above, and irregular teeth are reliably corrected little by little in the desired posture. Is done. And after wearing the said arch for a suitable period, each compartment is extracted from a prong head, an arch is removed, and it replaces with the next arch. This next arch incorporates computer-installed changes to correct the teeth to the next stage.

  By repeating such a series of operations until the teeth are satisfactorily aligned, the orthodontics is completed, the last arch is discarded and the prong head is removed. Finally, a safe plastic positioning tool can be installed for a short period of time so that the correction is stable and the teeth do not move again.

  The spacer 6 (see FIG. 5) of the U-shaped arch 12 can be made of a semi-flexible or rigid material, and the thickness, shape, and material type of the spacer can be changed so that a desired correction force can be exerted. Can do. As shown in FIG. 7, the spacer 6 can be formed of a compressed material that crushes the compartment 5 having a cavity, and as shown in FIG. 8, the spacer 6 is made of an elastic material that pulls the compartments 5 together. It can also be formed.

  The operating principle of the present invention can be explained using FIGS. 1-15, in which the compartments are square, the insertion holes are small squares, and the adjacent interdental material is shown as a horizontal straight line, respectively. Has been. The holding force can be increased by using an annular opening.

FIG. 9 shows that an upward force and a downward force are exerted on the teeth.
FIG. 10 shows that a lateral force is exerted on the teeth.
FIG. 11 is a top view when a forward force and a backward force are exerted.
FIG. 12 shows a case where a tilting force is exerted.
FIG. 13 shows a case where the rotational force is exerted.
FIG. 14 shows a case where twisting occurs downward.
FIG. 15 shows a case where the twist is generated upward.

  One advantage of the present invention is that it eliminates orthodontic wires, ligatures, and other time-consuming appliances that are currently required to accurately complete complex orthodontics. Another feature of the present invention is the ability to move teeth without patient assistance. Being able to attach the orthodontic appliance of the present invention to the lingual side of the dentition does not impair the appearance of the patient, and does not cause the patient to feel a bruise. When it is not necessary to care about the appearance, the correction tool of the present invention can be used on the lip side of the tooth.

It is a side view of the basic prong unit used for an upper tooth and a lower tooth. It is a top view of the prong positioning template used in order to position an orthodontic prong unit in the optimal part of the lingual side of the tooth | gear (s) which needs correction. FIG. 2 is a partial isometric view of a positioning template showing a pedestal of a unit joined to the lingual surface of a tooth, also showing a perforation between the prong head and the template. It is a top view of the prong unit joined to the dentition after removing the positioning template. FIG. 3 is an isometric view of a semi-flexible U-shaped arch with hollow compartments connected to each other by thin flexible spacers. FIG. 6 is a plan view of a semi-flexible U-shaped arch that is properly positioned in the initial stage. FIG. 6 is an isometric view of a U-shaped arch similar to FIG. 5 illustrating a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is an isometric view of a U-shaped arch similar to FIG. 5 showing another embodiment with semi-rigid block spacers disposed between the compartments. It is explanatory drawing which shows the condition where the correction force has reached in the up-down direction. It is explanatory drawing which shows the condition where the correction force has spread to the horizontal direction. It is explanatory drawing which shows the condition where the correction force has reached in the front-back direction. It is explanatory drawing which shows the condition where the correction force to incline is exerted. It is explanatory drawing which shows the condition where the correction force which rotates rotates. It is explanatory drawing which shows the condition where the correction force which twists outward is exerted. It is explanatory drawing which shows the condition where the correction force which twists inward is exerted.

Explanation of symbols

1: Unit base 2: Short neck of unit 3: Prong head of unit 5: Compartment 6: Spacer 7: Positioning template 10: Insertion hole of prong head 12: U-shaped arch

Claims (9)

(A) a plurality of prong units each having a pedestal, a short neck extending from the pedestal, and a head located at an end of the short neck;
(B) The respective prong units can be connected to each other by the pedestal of the unit, following the pattern corrected by the computer, and each pedestal is designated in the upper and lower dental arches. Upper and lower positioning templates that can be firmly and accurately joined to the lingual side of the tooth and can be broken and vented except for the pedestal part joined to the teeth;
(C) One end is closed, and one end is provided with a flexible insertion hole that can hold the prong unit by inserting the head of the prong unit, and a plurality of stretchable compartments that generate a predetermined correction force are provided. A U-shaped arch made of a flexible material, and each of the compartments inserted into the head is selected from a vertical movement, a back-and-forth movement, a tilting movement, a rotation, a twist and a lateral movement, or The orthodontic force generated by performing two or more kinds of movements is applied to all inconsistent teeth and gradually advanced, and a plurality of prepared U-shaped arches are sequentially replaced and repeated. An orthodontic system comprising completing a desired orthodontic treatment at the end of treatment.   The orthodontic system according to claim 1, wherein the compartment and the head of the prong unit can be attached and detached in a snap manner.   The orthodontic system according to claim 1, wherein the spacer interposed between the compartments is manufactured from a semi-flexible thin material or a semi-rigid thick material.   The orthodontic system according to claim 1, wherein the spacer interposed between the compartments is a contraction spacer or an expansion spacer capable of providing various correction forces to the compartment and the prong head.   The orthodontic system of claim 1, wherein the U-shaped arch is constructed from various flexible materials that can provide the teeth with various movements necessary for orthodontics.   The orthodontic system according to claim 1, wherein the head of the prong unit is in a polyhedral structure that is firmly held by being inserted into the insertion holes of the individual compartments.   The orthodontic system according to claim 1, wherein the entrance of the head insertion hole of the compartment is a square or donut ring.   The orthodontic system according to claim 1, wherein the short neck of the prong unit affects tooth movement, and the length of the short neck is changed to change the correction force.   The orthodontic system according to claim 1, wherein the prong unit is attached to the lingual side of the tooth.

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