JP2005161297A - Crusher and crushing work vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a crusher the rotator of which constituting a crushing means can be made smaller and the entire size of which can be miniaturized in comparison with a conventional crusher having the same throughput. <P>SOLUTION: A crushing work vehicle A consists of a self-propelled vehicle and the crusher T. The crusher T has a base frame 1 and is provided with a feeder 2 with an intermeshing means 25 located posterosuperior to the same. A casing 5 is installed to the front side of the feeder 2, in which the rotator 3 is held. The casing 5 is equipped with a lower casing 52 and an upper casing 51 having a polyhedral shape respectively and installed between side plates. The lower casing 52 is provided with a drain plate 522 having many discharge opening 523. The rotator 3 has a rotary shaft 30, to which disks 31, 32 and 33 are arranged at predetermined spaced intervals. Cutters 36 are arranged at two points in the circumference between the disks 31, 32 and 33, with crushing blades 37 at four points. Each of the cutters 36 is fixed so that the blade line direction is parallel to the axial direction of the rotary shaft 30. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a crusher and a crushing work vehicle. More specifically, the present invention relates to a device capable of further downsizing when compared with a conventional device with an equivalent processing capacity and capable of highly efficiently performing fragmentation of tree branches, leaves, or grass. .

For example, branches and leaves cut by roadside tree pruning conducted by local governments, or grass produced by mowing large-scale weeds, etc. are shredded by a crusher (also called chipper), collected, incinerated, etc. Has been disposed of by.
An example of the crusher used at this time is a crusher described in Patent Document 1.

JP 2003-71811 A

The crusher described in Patent Document 1 includes an input unit that inputs an object to be crushed, such as wood waste, a crushing unit that has a cutter disk that rotates at high speed and chips the object to be crushed, and a chip that has a fan disk. Is provided.
The cutter disk and the fan disk constitute a rotating body and rotate integrally in the casing. And the cutter provided in the cutter disk is provided in two places of the radial direction of a disk.
Moreover, the casing which accommodates a rotary body is formed in the cylindrical body whose cross-sectional shape is a little larger than the diameter of the outer peripheral part of a rotary body, and is circular.

  In the crusher described in Patent Document 1, cutters are provided at two locations in the radial direction of the cutter disk, and further, the fragmentation (crushing) of the object to be crushed is performed only at the radial portion on one side of the disk. In this structure, the diameter of the disk needs to be at least twice as long as the cutter on one side, but most of the cutter disk surface except for the above crushing part is not directly used for crushing, so the space efficiency is extremely high. bad.

  Further, the inner surface of the casing has a circular cross-sectional shape, and the strips cut by the cutter rotate smoothly and at high speed along the inner surface along with the wind generated by the rotation of the rotating body inside the casing. For this reason, for example, light leaves such as leaves are difficult to come into contact with the cutter and crushing blade, so it is difficult to further finely divide the inside of the casing. The efficiency was bad.

(Object of the present invention)
The present invention can reduce the size of the rotating body that constitutes the crushing means when compared with the conventional one with an equivalent processing capacity, and the crusher that can reduce the size of the entire apparatus and the crushing operation equipped with the crusher. Is to provide a car.
In addition to the above object, the present invention also enables fragmentation even if it is difficult to fragment, such as leaves of a tree. It is to be able to do with efficiency.

The means of the present invention taken in order to solve the above problems are as follows.
In the first invention,
A rotating body having a cutter for crushing or fragmenting the workpiece;
A casing for rotatably accommodating the rotating body;
With
The cutter of the rotating body is configured so that the rotation trajectory of the blade line has a cylindrical shape,
It is a crusher.

In the second invention,
A rotating body having a cutter for crushing or fragmenting the workpiece;
A casing for rotatably accommodating the rotating body;
With
The cutter of the rotating body is characterized in that its blade line is configured to be essentially parallel to the rotation axis at a required interval.
It is a crusher.

In the third invention,
The clearance angle of the cutter is set to 0 °,
A crusher according to the first or second invention.

In the fourth invention,
On the rear side in the cutting motion direction of the cutter, it has a biting prevention body having a surface that essentially moves along the motion trajectory of the cutter blade line,
A crusher according to the first, second or third invention.

In the fifth invention,
On the front side of the cutting motion direction of the cutter, it has a cutting amount stabilizing body having a surface that moves at a distance corresponding to the movement trajectory of the cutter blade line and the cutting amount,
A crusher according to the first, second, third or fourth invention.

In the sixth invention,
The cutter of the rotating body has a surface that intersects the cutting motion direction, and is configured to generate wind by rotation,
A crusher according to the first, second, third, fourth or fifth invention.

In the seventh invention,
Of the casing, the inner surface along the cutting motion direction of the rotating body is a polyhedral shape,
A crusher according to the first, second, third, fourth, fifth or sixth invention.

In the eighth invention,
The rotating body includes a crushing blade attached to one end side so as to be swingable or rotatable,
A crusher according to the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth or seventh invention.

In the ninth invention,
A self-propelled traveling vehicle is equipped with a crusher according to the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh or eighth invention,
It is a crushing work vehicle.

  The crusher referred to in the claims and specification is a concept including, for example, a chipper, a shredder, a chipper shredder, a grinder, and the like. In addition, the cutter is used as a term including the meaning of cutting tools such as a cutting blade, a cutting blade, and a knife.

  The blade line of the cutter may be linear or curved. The number of cutters is not particularly limited and can be set as appropriate. Further, when a plurality of cutters are provided, a plurality of cutters may be provided in the cutting motion direction, or a plurality of cutters may be provided in the rotation axis direction.

  The casing referred to in the claims and the specification accommodates a rotating body that rotates at a high speed equipped with a cutter or the like, and performs a crushing process inside in cooperation with the rotating body. The term “casing” includes the meaning of a housing.

The inner surface of the casing has a polyhedral shape, for example, when the cross section in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the rotating body is a polygonal shape such as a hexagon, octagon, decagon, etc. The present invention is not limited to the above as long as it has a large number or a plurality of surfaces.
Moreover, the corner | angular part may be provided in the boundary part of each surface, and it may be provided roundly. In addition, you may comprise not only a flat surface but the curved surface, such as a spherical surface, the concave surface curved from the inner surface side, and a convex surface. Furthermore, a structure in which they are mixed may be used.

  The casing may have the same polyhedral shape as the outer surface and the inner surface, as in the case where the metal plate is processed into a cylindrical shape, or the inner surface member having a polyhedral shape is mounted inside the outer surface member of the required shape. However, even with other structures, it is sufficient that at least the inner surface is a polyhedral shape.

(Function)
The crusher according to the present invention operates as follows. Here, each constituent element of the present invention will be described by giving a reference numeral given to each part in the embodiment described later, but this provision of the reference sign is only for the purpose of helping understanding of the explanation. Therefore, it does not mean that each constituent element is limited to the above-described parts.

The crusher in which the cutter of the rotating body is configured such that the rotation trajectory of the blade line has a cylindrical shape, the crushing object is a crushing part of the rotating body (the part where the rotation trajectory of the cutter blade line is cylindrical) ), The object to be crushed is cut or cut by a cutter whose direction of the blade line is perpendicular to the feeding direction of the object to be crushed, for example.
And in this crusher, it can adjust to required processing capability by adjusting the length of the blade line of a cutter. That is, the rotation diameter of the blade line of the cutter that leads to an increase in the size of the rotating body is not a very important factor for setting the processing capacity, and it is possible to keep the rotation diameter of the blade line small. In comparison with the processing capacity, the rotating body can be downsized compared to the conventional one.

A crusher in which a cutter of a rotating body is configured so that its blade line is essentially parallel to the rotation axis with a required interval, the object to be crushed is a crushing part of the rotating body (the cutter blade line is For example, the object to be crushed is cut or cut by a cutter in which the direction of the blade line is perpendicular to the feeding direction of the object to be crushed, Shred.
And in this crusher, it can set to required processing capability by adjusting the length of the blade line of a cutter. That is, the rotation diameter of the blade line of the cutter that leads to an increase in the size of the rotating body is not a very important factor for setting the processing capacity, and it is possible to keep the rotation diameter of the blade line small. In comparison with the processing capacity, the rotating body can be downsized compared to the conventional one.

Note that a cutter generally has a clearance angle (an angle formed between the clearance surface and the cutting motion direction), so when the cutter moves while cutting the object to be crushed, there is a gap between the clearance surface and the cutting surface. The material to be crushed is drawn to the cutter side by the cutting force of the cutter.
In particular, when the object to be crushed is large, the cutting amount of the next cutter increases, the cutting resistance increases, and the rotational force of the rotating body decreases. If this happens, the load on the machine will increase, and it will be necessary to stop the feed of the object to be crushed, but the pulling force is so strong that the prime mover will stop before the feed of the object to be crushed is stopped. Or the cutter may be damaged.

When the clearance angle of the cutter is set to 0 °, the object to be crushed is eliminated. That is, when the cutter moves while cutting the object to be crushed, the flank of the cutter moves along the cut surface of the object to be crushed.
Thereby, since it can cut so that a to-be-crushed object may be received by the flank of a cutter, it can prevent that the phenomenon by which a to-be-crushed object is drawn in to the cutter side occurs.

What has the biting prevention body which has the surface which essentially moves along the movement locus | trajectory of the cutter blade line on the back side in the cutting movement direction of the cutter eliminates the drawing of the object to be crushed. That is, when the cutter moves while cutting the object to be crushed, the surface of the biting prevention body moves along the surface of the object to be crushed.
Thereby, since it can cut so that a to-be-crushed object may be received by the said surface of a biting prevention object, it can prevent that the phenomenon to which a to-be-crushed object is drawn in to the cutter side occurs.

Those that have a cutting amount stabilizing body with a surface that moves at a distance equivalent to the cutting trajectory of the cutter blade line on the front side of the cutting movement direction of the cutter eliminates the drawing of the object to be crushed It is. That is, when the cutter moves in the cutting direction, the surface of the cutting amount stabilizing body moves while pressing the surface before the object to be crushed is cut.
Thereby, since it can cut so that a to-be-crushed object may be received by the said surface of a cutting amount stabilization body, it can prevent that the phenomenon to which a to-be-crushed object is drawn in to the cutter side occurs.

  The crusher, which is configured so that the cutter of the rotating body has a surface that intersects the cutting motion direction and generates wind by the rotation, the one that is cut into pieces by the cutter moves without unevenness inside the casing. Furthermore, further fragmentation that is performed evenly on the surface of the crushing blade or the casing is performed efficiently.

Among the casings, the crusher whose inner surface along the cutting motion direction of the rotating body has a multifaceted shape changes when the direction and speed of the wind generated by the rotating body hit each surface, and turbulence occurs in the casing. Also, for example, when a piece that has been cut into pieces by a cutter rotates in the same direction as the rotating body with the wind inside the casing, it hits each surface with centrifugal force, causing resistance to slow down and rotating faster. It becomes easy to contact the crushing blade of the. Moreover, what hits each surface rebounds and approaches the crushing blade or the like of the rotating body, so that the crushing blade can easily come into contact.
As a result, it is possible to efficiently make a light leaf like a leaf that has been difficult with a conventional crusher.

  Further, even when the crushing blade is not provided on the rotating body, the strip that rotates with the wind hits each surface of the inner surface of the casing and is crushed by the impact. Also, if the amount is collected to some extent, it will be rolled up as a lump on the inner surface side of the casing, so it is not efficient compared to the case where a crushing blade is provided, Is possible.

  In addition, by forming the casing in, for example, a rectangular tube shape, manufacturing becomes easier than when the casing is formed in a cylindrical shape. That is, if it is formed by a brake press bending, it may be bent at several points, so that it can be manufactured at a low cost in a short time, and it is difficult to cause a deviation and it is easy to obtain accuracy. Moreover, if it divides and manufactures in several parts, manufacture will become easier and it can manufacture with high precision.

  The crushing machine, which has a crushing blade with a rotating body attached to one end side so as to be able to swing or rotate, captures or contacts the shredded blade moving with the wind in the casing. As a result, it can be crushed more finely, and a more efficient crushing process becomes possible.

  A crushing vehicle equipped with a crusher according to the present invention on a self-propelled traveling vehicle can easily move a crusher to a necessary place such as a forest land when crushing small-diameter trees such as thinned wood or forest land waste materials. Therefore, efficient work becomes possible.

(A) The crushing machine in which the cutter of the rotating body is configured so that the rotation trajectory of the blade line has a cylindrical shape is set to the necessary processing capacity by adjusting the length of the cutter blade line. Can do. That is, the rotation diameter of the blade line of the cutter that leads to an increase in the size of the rotating body is not a very important factor for setting the processing capacity, and it is possible to keep the rotation diameter of the blade line small. Therefore, when compared with the same processing capability, the rotating body can be reduced in size compared to the conventional case, and the entire apparatus can also be reduced in size.

(B) The crushing machine in which the cutter of the rotating body is configured so that the blade line is essentially parallel to the rotation axis at a predetermined interval can be obtained by adjusting the length of the cutter blade line. , Can be set to the required processing capacity. That is, the rotation diameter of the blade line of the cutter that leads to an increase in the size of the rotating body is not a very important factor for setting the processing capacity, and it is possible to keep the rotation diameter of the blade line small. In comparison with the processing capacity, the rotating body can be downsized compared to the conventional one.

(C) A cutter whose flank angle is set to 0 ° can be cut by receiving the object to be crushed on the flank face of the cutter, so that the object to be crushed is drawn to the cutter side. Can be prevented.
As a result, it is possible to prevent an increase in cutting resistance and an increase in power energy due to the object to be crushed being pulled in, and it is also possible to prevent the cutter from being worn or damaged, or from stopping the prime mover.

(D) If there is a biting prevention body having a surface that essentially moves along the movement trajectory of the cutter blade line on the rear side in the cutting movement direction of the cutter, Since cutting can be performed so as to receive an object, it is possible to prevent a phenomenon in which an object to be crushed is drawn to the cutter side.
As a result, it is possible to prevent an increase in cutting resistance and an increase in power energy due to the object to be crushed being pulled in, and it is also possible to prevent the cutter from being worn or damaged, or from stopping the prime mover.

(E) On the front side in the cutting motion direction of the cutter, the one having a cutting amount stabilizing body having a surface that moves at a distance corresponding to the cutting locus of the cutter blade line and the cutting amount, Since it can cut by receiving the object to be crushed on the surface, the phenomenon that the object to be crushed is drawn into the cutter can be prevented.
As a result, it is possible to prevent an increase in cutting resistance and an increase in power energy due to the object to be crushed being pulled in, and it is also possible to prevent the cutter from being worn or damaged, or from stopping the prime mover.

(F) In the crusher configured so that the cutter of the rotating body has a surface intersecting with the cutting motion direction and generates wind by the rotation, the crusher that has been cut into pieces by the cutter moves evenly inside the casing. In this way, even further fragmentation is carried out efficiently, for example, evenly distributed, for example, by hitting the surface of the crushing blade or casing. Thereby, processing capacity improves.

(G) Among the casings, the crusher whose inner surface along the cutting motion direction of the rotating body has a multifaceted shape changes when the direction and speed of the wind generated by the rotating body hit each surface, and turbulence is generated in the casing. When rotating and rotating in the same direction as the rotator with the wind inside the casing, the shredded material will bounce off each surface by centrifugal force, causing the rotation to slow down and the rotating body to rotate quickly It becomes easy to contact the crushing blade of the. Even if a crushing blade or the like is not provided, the strip that rotates with the wind is crushed by the impact by hitting each surface of the inner surface of the casing. As a result, it is possible to efficiently make a light leaf like a leaf that has been difficult with a conventional crusher.

(H) The crushing machine in which the rotating body has a crushing blade attached to one end side so as to be swingable or rotatable, captures a fragmented piece in which the crushing blade moves with the wind in the casing. , Or can be further finely crushed by contact, enabling more efficient crushing treatment.

(I) A crushing vehicle equipped with a crusher according to the present invention on a self-propelled traveling vehicle, for example, when crushing small-diameter trees such as thinned timber, forest land waste materials, etc., or pruning work in roadside trees or general households Furthermore, when crushing branches and leaves generated by pruning work or the like in an orchard, the crusher can be easily moved to a necessary place, so that efficient work can be performed.

The present invention will be described in detail based on the embodiments shown in the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a front view explanatory view showing an embodiment of a crushing work vehicle according to the present invention,
FIG. 2 is an explanatory plan view showing an embodiment of a crushing work vehicle according to the present invention,
FIG. 3 is an explanatory side view showing an embodiment of the crushing vehicle according to the present invention,
FIG. 4 is a side view explanatory view of the crusher frame and casing,
FIG. 5 is a cross sectional view taken along the line II in FIG.
FIG. 6 shows the structure of the discharge plate, (a) is a plan view, and (b) is a side view.

  In the following description, the expressions “front and rear” indicating the position and direction are based on FIGS. 1 and 2. That is, the front direction is the right direction in FIGS. 1 and 2, and the rear direction is the left direction.

  The crushing vehicle A has a structure in which a crusher T is mounted on a crawler-type self-propelled traveling vehicle C. The crusher T according to the present embodiment is sometimes called a chipper shredder.

The crusher T has a base frame 1 attached to the upper part of the self-propelled traveling vehicle C. On the upper part of the rear side of the base frame 1, a charging device 2 is provided.
The dosing device 2 has a guide plate 20 that is slightly inclined forward. The guide plate 20 extends through an opening 10 provided in the base frame 1 and extends to an introduction port 59 described later. The direction of the guide plate 20, that is, the direction in which the material to be crushed is charged may be parallel to the traveling direction of the self-propelled traveling vehicle C as in the present embodiment, or may be essentially perpendicular.
Further, a substantially triangular side plate 21 is provided on both sides of the guide plate 20, and an upper plate 22 is provided on the upper portion thereof so as to be inclined downward. A portion where the upper plate 22 is not provided serves as an insertion port 23.

A biting machine 25 is provided on the front side of the charging device 2. A biting rotating body 250 constituting the biting machine 25 is provided above the portion of the guide plate 20 located inside the base frame 1.
The biting rotary body 250 has a rotating shaft 251 and four claw plates 252 provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. A continuous mountain-shaped claw (not shown) is provided at the tip of each claw plate 252.
The rotating shaft 251 passes through the insertion hole 12 provided in an arc shape in one side plate 11 of the table frame 1 and is directly connected to a drive shaft of a hydraulic motor 253 provided outside the table frame 1.
The biting rotary body 250 is driven by the hydraulic motor 253.

The hydraulic motor 253 is attached to the tip of an arm 254 that is provided outside the side plate 11 and can be rotated in the vertical direction, and one end of the rotating shaft 251 is provided outside the side plate 13 opposite to the side plate 11. It is pivotally supported at the tip of an arm 255 that can be rotated in the vertical direction. The arms 254 and 255 rotate synchronously at the same angle, and are biased downward by a tension spring 256.
According to this structure, when the object to be crushed is large, the biting rotary body 250 is pushed upward and escapes and is urged more strongly downward, and the object to be crushed is bitten by the claw plate 252. Can do.

An introduction port 59 formed in the casing 5 is provided at the front end of the guide plate 20. Note that the biting rotary body 250 of the biting machine 25 described above is located slightly behind the introduction port 59.
A receiving blade 24 is provided at the front end of the guide plate 20 over the entire width of the introduction port 59. The receiving blade 24 has a rectangular plate shape, and is detachably fixed by bolts in parallel with the guide plate 20 and in parallel with a blade line of a cutter 36 described later.
The blade line of the receiving blade 24 and the blade line of the cutter 36 are set to be about 0.5 mm where the distance between them is the closest when the cutter 36 moves.

  As shown in FIG. 4, on the front side of the introduction port 59, the rotating body 3 is pivotally supported on the side plates 11 and 13 of the table frame 1 via bearings 38 and 39 with the direction of the rotating shaft 30 being the left and right direction. It is. The entire rotating body 3 is covered with a casing 5.

The structure of the casing 5 will be described mainly with reference to FIG.
The casing 5 includes a lower casing 52 and an upper casing 51 attached between the side plates 11 and 13. In addition, the part in which the lower casing 52 and the upper casing 51 are provided among the side plates 11 and 13 comprises the casing substantially.
The lower casing 52 is fixed between the side plates 11 and 13 with bolts (reference numerals omitted). The lower casing 52 is formed of a metal plate having a constant width, and has four surfaces which are provided at an angle of 135 ° and which are parts constituting multiple surfaces.

A discharge plate 522 having a V-shaped cross section is provided between the constituent plates 520 and 521 at the front and rear end portions of the lower casing 52. A large number of discharge holes 523 are provided through each surface of the discharge plate 522. Further, a thick reinforcing portion 524 is provided over the entire width at the center of each surface of the component plates 520 and 521 and the discharge plate 522. The reinforcing portion 524 becomes a resistance when a piece cut by the cutter 36 together with a reinforcing portion 514 described later moves along each surface of the casing 5 by centrifugal force, and slows down the rotation (cutting motion). The contact with the crushing blade 37 of the fast rotating body 3 is facilitated.
In addition, a plate portion 525 that is not provided with the discharge hole 523 is provided on the rear side (the upper side in the cutting motion direction of the cutter 36) of each surface of the discharge plate 522. This is for the purpose of efficiently repelling the fragments by this portion.

In the lower casing 52, a fixing member 53 made of bolts and nuts attached to a plurality of locations so as to be vertically rotatable is provided on the upper portion of the front-side component plate 520.
On the upper side of the lower casing 52, the upper casing 51 is attached to the base frame 1 so that the rear side can be rotated in the vertical direction by a hinge 54. The upper casing 51 can open and close the inside of the casing 5 by rotating.

The upper casing 51 has three surfaces that are parts constituting multiple surfaces. In the upper casing 51, the front component plate 510 is inclined, the intermediate component plate 511 is horizontal, and the rear component plate 512 is provided vertically. In addition, a thick reinforcing portion 514 is provided over the entire width at the center of each surface of the component plates 510 and 511.
And the notch part (code | symbol abbreviation | omission) for inserting the said fixing tool 53 is provided in the front-end edge part of the component board 510 of the front part side. According to this structure, the upper casing 51 can be closed and fixed to the lower casing 52 by fitting the fixing tool 53 into the notch and tightening the nut.

Further, the casing 5 in a state where the upper casing 51 is closed has a blade line whose lower edge is perpendicular to each reinforcing portion 514 in the upper casing 51 when a cutter 36 described later performs a cutting motion, The lower casing 52 is configured to be movable with a slight gap from each reinforcing portion 524.
In addition, below the discharge plate 522 of the lower casing 52, a chute plate 14 that is inclined downward and forward is fixed between the side plates 11 and 13. A wind direction control plate 15 is provided on the opposite side of the chute plate 14 with the discharge plate 522 interposed therebetween. The wind direction control plate 15 includes an upper plate 150 and side plates 151 on both sides, and has a structure in which an angle can be arbitrarily adjusted and fixed by an angle adjuster 152.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the casing 5 accommodates the rotating body 3 as described above. The rotating body 3 is driven by power from the drive mechanism 4 of the self-propelled traveling vehicle C. Since this driving force transmission structure employs a known general technique, a detailed description thereof will be omitted. A cover 19 is provided on one side of the casing 5 to partially cover the driving force transmission structure.
Disks 31, 32, and 33 having the same diameter are fixed to the rotating shaft 30 of the rotating body 3 at predetermined intervals in the axial direction.

Cutters 36 are attached to the outer peripheral portions of the disks 31, 32, and 33 at two locations in the diameter direction. The attachment structure of each cutter 36 is as follows.
Of the disks 31, 32, and 33, a mounting portion 300 is provided at a position where the cutter 36 is mounted. A mounting base plate 301 is fixed between the disks 31, 32, and 33 so as to be positioned above the respective mounting portions 300. The direction of the mounting base plate 301 is parallel to the rotary shaft 30, and the inner cutter mounting surface is fixed so as to have a lift angle at a required angle with respect to the cutting movement direction of the cutter 36 (counterclockwise direction in FIG. 4). It is.

On each mounting base plate 301, rectangular cutters 36 having blade lines on both sides in the cutting motion direction are passed through the mounting portions 300 of the disks 31, 32, 33 and fixed at four locations by bolts 302. With this structure, the inner surface of each cutter 36 also has a lift angle at the same angle as the mounting base plate 301 with respect to the cutting motion direction.
The lift angle of the cutter 36 is not particularly limited as long as the wind can be sent inward or essentially in the direction of the rotary shaft 30. Alternatively, the cutter 36 may be parallel to the cutting motion direction, and other blades may be provided to generate wind.
Each cutter 36 is formed in a substantially trapezoidal cross-sectional shape and has a double-edged structure.

A large number of crushing blades 37 can be provided between the discs 31, 32, 33 at four locations at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The location where the crushing blade 37 is provided is set so that an arbitrary location is offset from the cutter 36 by 45 ° in the circumferential direction.
In addition, the crushing blade 37 can be removed and not used entirely, or can be used by attaching only an arbitrary portion.

  The crushing blade 37 is made of metal, and is a plate-like body that is substantially rectangular and has four corners protruding. Although the crushing blade 37 is an impact blade in the present embodiment, the crushing blade 37 is not limited to this, and a blade body having another structure such as a fixed blade may be used. The impact blade is used for a hammer mill or the like, and refers to a blade body in which a base end portion on the rotation center side of a rotating body is attached so as to be swingable (or rotatable) or rotatable. According to the impact blade, it is possible to further finely crush or pulverize the chip cut by the cutter.

  The crushing blade 37 is provided with mounting holes 371 near both ends in the longitudinal direction. The crushing blade 37 passes through the disk 31 on one end side and the intermediate disk 32, and is fitted with a mounting hole 371 on a shaft 34 fixed without penetrating the disk 33 on the other end side, and can be rotated at equal intervals ( It can be swung. The interval between the crushing blades 37 is fixed by a cylindrical collar 340 fitted in the shaft 34.

Note that one end of the shaft 34 is fitted into an engagement hole 311 provided through the disk 31. The engaging hole 311 has a structure in which the outer end side has a small diameter and the shaft 34 cannot pass therethrough. The other end of the shaft 34 is substantially flush with the outer end surface of the disk 33 and is fixed by a rectangular pressing plate 35. Each pressing plate 35 is fixed to the disk 33 at two locations on both sides by bolts 350. With this structure, the shaft 34 does not come off.
Further, among the crushing blades 37, the ones adjacent in the circumferential direction of each disk (the ones on the front and rear sides in the cutting motion direction) are set so as to be shifted from each other by substantially the blade thickness in the left-right direction. Thereby, finer fragmentation becomes possible.

  Flat cylindrical collars 110 and 130 are provided on the left and right side plates 11 and 13 to which the rotating body 3 is rotatably attached, so as to be positioned outside the rotating shaft 30. Further, on the outer surface side of the outer disks 31 and 33, collars 310 and 330 having a diameter larger than the collars 110 and 130 are provided so as to cover the collars 110 and 130 and not to contact each other. These collars 110 and 130 and collars 310 and 330 can prevent foreign matter from being wound around the rotary shaft 30.

(Function)
With reference to FIG. 1 thru | or FIG. 5, the effect | action of the crushing work vehicle A which concerns on this invention is demonstrated.
(1) Since the crushing vehicle A can be self-propelled, the crusher T can be moved to a necessary place in the orchard, for example, when crushing branches and leaves generated by pruning work or the like in the orchard.
(2) In the crushing operation, first, the rotating body 3 is rotationally driven at a high speed. A material to be crushed such as felled wood is sent along the guide plate 20 to the introduction port 59. The object to be crushed is fed into the introduction port 59 by the biting rotary body 250 of the biting machine 25.

(3) The object to be crushed is finely cut or fragmented so as to be sandwiched between the cutters 36 and the receiving blades 24 that are rotationally driven at high speed, and enters the inside of the rotating body 3. In addition, by rotation of the rotary body 3, since each inner surface of each cutter 36 has a lift angle with respect to the cutting motion direction, wind is generated inward. The fragmented product is sent inward along with the wind, and further turbulently flows in the casing 5 and is crushed or pulverized by colliding with each of the multi-surface components of the casing 5 or the crushing blades 37 to become finer.

The action on the inner side of the casing 5 is generally as follows.
When the fragmented piece rotates in the same direction as the rotating body 3 inside the casing 5, if the casing 5 is circular as in the prior art, the fragmented one only moves along the circle. However, since the cross-sectional shape of the casing 5 according to the present invention is a polygonal shape, the casing 5 collides with a rear surface when it is shifted from a surface that is a multi-surface component, and is efficiently crushed or fragmented. Further, when the crushed piece hits each surface of the casing 5 and the reinforcing portions 514 and 524 by centrifugal force, the resistance (rotation (cutting motion)) is slowed down, and the crushing blade 37 of the rotating body 3 that rotates quickly. It becomes easy to touch. In addition, what hits each surface bounces back and approaches the crushing blade 37 of the rotator 3, so that the crushing blade 37 can easily come into contact.

  And it is pinched between the front-end | tip part of the crushing blade 37, and the inner side of the casing 5. FIG. As a result, it is possible to perform the fragmentation of a light tree leaf with high efficiency. Further, the strips are rolled up as a lump on the inner surface side of the casing 5 due to an impact when hitting each surface of the inner surface of the casing 5 and when the amount is collected to some extent. Therefore, crushing is also promoted by this.

(4) The finer fragments are discharged to the outside of the casing 5 through the discharge holes 523 of the discharge plate 522 in the front portion of the rotating body 3.

  Since the cutter 36 is generally provided with a clearance angle (an angle formed between the clearance surface and the cutting motion direction), when the cutter 36 moves while cutting the object to be crushed, it is between the clearance surface and the cutting surface. There is a gap in the object, and the object to be crushed is drawn toward the cutter 36 by the cutting force of the cutter 36.

In particular, when the object to be crushed is large, the cutting amount of the next cutter 36 increases, the cutting resistance increases, and the rotational force of the rotating body decreases. If this happens, the load on the machine will increase, so it is necessary to stop the feed of the object to be crushed, but the pulling force is considerably strong, and the prime mover stops (ensto) before stopping the feed of the object to be crushed The cutter may be damaged.
FIG. 7 to FIG. 10 show what prevented the pull-in phenomenon of the object to be crushed, which causes the above problem.

  FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a first structure of the rotating body that prevents the object to be crushed from being drawn. In FIG. 7, the same or equivalent parts as those of the rotating body 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. This also applies to FIGS. 8, 9, and 10 described later.

  In the first structure of the rotating body 3, the clearance angle of the cutter 36 is set to 0 °. A receiving surface 303 provided at the tip of the mounting base plate 301 is located on the rear side in the cutting motion direction of the cutter 36. The receiving surface 303 moves essentially along the movement locus L of the blade line of the cutter 36 by the rotation of the rotating body 3. Note that the mounting base plate 301 constitutes a biting prevention body.

(Function)
According to the above structure, when the cutter 36 moves while cutting the object 9 to be crushed, the flank 360 of the cutter 36 and the receiving surface 303 of the mounting base plate 301 are along the cut surface 90 of the object 9 to be crushed. Exercise.
As a result, cutting can be performed by receiving the object 9 to be crushed by the flank 360 of the cutter 36 and the receiving surface 303 of the mounting base plate 301, and the phenomenon that the object 9 is drawn into the cutter 36 side occurs. Can be prevented.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a second structure of the rotating body that prevents the object to be crushed.
The second structure of the rotating body 3 is a structure in which an arc plate-shaped biting prevention body 6 different from the mounting base plate 301 is further provided in the first structure. The biting prevention body 6 is provided on the rear side in the cutting motion direction of the mounting base plate 301, and the arc-shaped receiving surface 60 essentially follows the motion locus L of the blade line of the cutter 36 by the rotation of the rotating body 3. To exercise.

(Function)
According to the above structure, in addition to the operation of the first structure, the receiving surface 60 of the biting prevention body 6 is also cut into the object 9 to be crushed together with the clearance surface 360 of the cutter 36 and the receiving surface 303 of the mounting base plate 301. Move along the surface 90.
Thereby, it can cut by receiving the to-be-crushed object 9 by the flank 360, the receiving surface 303, and the receiving surface 60, and it can prevent more reliably that the phenomenon by which the to-be-crushed object 9 is drawn in the cutter 36 side occurs. it can.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a third structure of the rotating body that prevents the object to be crushed.
In the third structure of the rotating body 3, the clearance angle of the cutter 36 is not 0 °, but a general clearance angle is provided, and the mounting base plate 301 is also provided with a receiving surface as in the first and second structures. Absent. The cutting amount stabilizing body 7 is provided on the front side of the cutter 36 in the cutting movement direction. The cutting amount stabilizing body 7 has a receiving surface 70 that moves at a distance S corresponding to the cutting locus and the movement locus L of the blade line of the cutter 36. The receiving surface 70 has a circular arc shape.

(Function)
According to the above structure, when the cutter 36 moves in the cutting direction, the receiving surface 70 of the cutting amount stabilizing body 7 moves while pressing the surface 91 of the object 9 before being cut. Thereby, since it can cut so that the to-be-crushed object 9 may be received by the receiving surface 70 of the cutting amount stabilizing body 7, it can prevent that the phenomenon to which the to-be-crushed object 9 is drawn in to the cutter 36 side occurs.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing a fourth structure of the rotating body that prevents the object to be crushed.
In the fourth structure of the rotating body 3, the clearance angle of the cutter 36 is set to 0 ° as in the first structure. A receiving surface 303 provided at the tip of the mounting base plate 301 is located on the rear side in the cutting motion direction of the cutter 36. The receiving surface 303 moves essentially along the movement locus L of the blade line of the cutter 36 by the rotation of the rotating body 3.

  Further, a cutting amount stabilizing body 8 is provided on the front side of the cutter 36 in the cutting movement direction. The cutting amount stabilizing body 8 has a receiving surface 80 that moves at a distance S corresponding to the cutting locus and the movement locus L of the blade 36. The cutting amount stabilizing body 8 is a rod having a circular cross section whose axial direction is parallel to the rotating shaft 30 of the rotating body 3. The cutting amount stabilizing body 8 may be a roller.

(Function)
According to the above structure, when the cutter 36 moves in the cutting direction, the receiving surface 80 of the cutting amount stabilizing body 8 moves while pressing the surface 91 of the object 9 before being cut.
Further, the flank 360 of the cutter 36 and the receiving surface 303 of the mounting base plate 301 move along the cut surface 90 of the object 9 to be crushed.

  Thus, the object to be crushed 9 can be cut by receiving the object to be crushed 9 on the receiving surface 80 of the cutting amount stabilizing body 8, and further the object 9 to be crushed by the flank 360 of the cutter 36 and the receiving surface 303 of the mounting base plate 301. Since it can cut so that it may receive, it can prevent that the to-be-crushed object 9 pulls in the cutter 36 side.

Note that the terms and expressions used in the present specification are merely explanatory and not restrictive, and do not exclude terms and expressions equivalent to the above terms and expressions. The present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the technical idea.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Front view explanatory drawing which shows embodiment of the crushing work vehicle which concerns on this invention. Plan view explanatory drawing which shows embodiment of the crushing work vehicle which concerns on this invention. Side view explanatory drawing which shows embodiment of the crushing work vehicle which concerns on this invention. Side view explanatory drawing which carried out the cross section of the stand frame and casing of a crusher. II cross-sectional explanatory drawing in FIG. The structure of a discharge board is shown, (a) is a top view, (b) is a side view. Explanatory drawing which shows the 1st structure of the rotary body which prevented the drawing-in phenomenon of the to-be-crushed object. Explanatory drawing which shows the 2nd structure of the rotary body which prevented the drawing-in phenomenon of the to-be-crushed object. Explanatory drawing which shows the 3rd structure of the rotary body which prevented the drawing-in phenomenon of the to-be-crushed object. Explanatory drawing which shows the 4th structure of the rotary body which prevented the drawing-in phenomenon of the to-be-crushed object.

Explanation of symbols

A crushing work vehicle C self-propelled traveling vehicle T crusher 1 frame 10 opening 11 side plate 110 collar 12 insertion hole 13 side plate 14 chute plate 15 wind direction control plate 150 upper plate 151 side plate 152 angle adjuster 19 cover 2 throwing device 20 Guide plate 21 Side plate 22 Upper plate 23 Slot 24 Receiving blade 25 Biting machine 250 Biting rotator 251 Rotating shaft 252 Claw plate 253 Hydraulic motor 254 Arm 255 Arm 256 Spring 3 Rotating body 300 Mounting portion 301 Mounting base plate 302 Bolt 30 Rotating shaft 31 Disc 310 Collar 311 Engagement hole 38, 39 Bearing 32 Disc 33 Disc 330 Collar 34 Shaft 340 Collar 35 Holding plate 350 Bolt 36 Cutter 37 Crushing blade 371 Mounting hole 4 Drive mechanism 5 Casing 51 Upper casing 510 Component plate 5 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Component plate 512 Component plate 514 Reinforcement part 52 Lower casing 520 Component plate 521 Component plate 522 Discharge plate 523 Discharge hole 524 Reinforcement part 525 Plate part 53 Fixing tool 54 Hinge 59 Inlet 303 Receiving surface 6 Bite prevention body 60 Receiving surface 7 Cutting Quantity stabilizing body 70 Receiving surface 8 Cutting amount stabilizing body 80 Receiving surface 9 Object to be crushed 90 Cut surface 91 Surface before cutting L Motion trajectory of blade line S Distance for cutting amount

Claims (9)

A rotating body (3) having a cutter for crushing or slicing the workpiece;
A casing (5) for rotatably accommodating the rotating body (3), and
With
The cutter (36) of the rotating body (3) is characterized in that the rotation trajectory of the blade line is configured in a cylindrical shape,
Crushing machine. A rotating body (3) having a cutter for crushing or slicing the workpiece;
A casing (5) for rotatably accommodating the rotating body (3), and
With
The cutter (36) of the rotating body (3) is characterized in that its blade line is configured to be essentially parallel to the rotating shaft (30) at a required interval.
Crushing machine. The clearance angle of the cutter (36) is set to 0 °,
The crusher according to claim 1 or 2. It has a biting prevention body (6) having a surface (60) that moves essentially along the movement trajectory of the blade line of the cutter (36) on the rear side in the cutting movement direction of the cutter (36). And
The crusher according to claim 1, 2 or 3. On the front side of the cutting movement direction of the cutter (36), it has a cutting amount stabilizing body (7) having a surface (70) that moves at a distance corresponding to the cutting locus of the cutting line of the cutter (36). It is characterized by
The crusher according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4. The cutter (36) of the rotating body (3) has a surface that intersects the cutting motion direction, and is configured to generate wind by rotation,
The crusher according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5. Of the casing (5), the inner surface along the cutting motion direction of the rotating body (3) is a polyhedral shape,
The crusher according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6. The rotating body (3) includes a crushing blade (37) attached to one end side so as to be swingable or rotatable,
Crusher according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7. The self-propelled traveling vehicle (C) is equipped with the crusher (T) according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8.
Crushing work vehicle.

Images