JP2005151703A - Wind power generator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wind power generator capable of effectively utilizing wind power by stably maintaining an output voltage of a generator at a fixed level regardless of the magnitude of a wind speed. <P>SOLUTION: The wind power generator is provided with a windmill 1, the generator 9 having a rotor 5 driven by the windmill 1 and a stator 8 composed by winding an exciting coil 7 around an iron core 6 opposing to the rotor 5, a variable resistor 13, which has movable contacts 10a, 10b and is electrically connected with the exciting coil 7 of the generator 9, and a rotary governor 22 interlocked with a rotational speed of the windmill 1. The wind power generator has the following constitution. The rotary governor 22 is mechanically connected with the movable contacts 10a, 10b of the variable resistor 13 by an interlocking member 21. When the rotational speed of the windmill 1 is reduced, the interlocking member 21 interlocked with the rotary governor 22 moves the movable contacts 10a, 10b of the variable resistor 13 so as to increase an exciting current of the generator 9 and to decrease an output load current of the generator 9. As a result, the voltage output of the generator 9 is maintained at a fixed level. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a wind turbine generator, and more particularly to a wind turbine generator that maintains a voltage output of a generator constant.

Conventionally, electric power obtained by wind power generators, solar power generators, etc. is usually used directly as power for lighting, electromotive force of motors, etc., or used as various electric power after being temporarily stored in a storage battery It has been. In particular, wind power generators generate power by using natural winds that fluctuate significantly, such as extremely strong winds such as typhoons and gusts, and in extreme cases no winds. Since it will become stable, the wind power generator which acquires highly efficient electric power stably is desired, and various devices are made | formed (for example, refer patent document 1). In Patent Document 1, there is provided a reduction circuit that is connected between a wind turbine generator and a load and decelerates the rotation of the windmill when the voltage determination unit detects that the load voltage exceeds a predetermined voltage. A control device for a wind turbine generator provided is disclosed.
JP 2000-249036 A

  However, the control device for a wind turbine generator disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a problem in that wind power cannot be utilized to the maximum because the load voltage is adjusted by directly controlling the rotational speed of the windmill.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a wind turbine generator that can effectively use wind power by stably maintaining the output voltage of the generator constant regardless of the wind speed.

  In order to achieve the above object, a wind turbine generator according to the present invention includes a windmill, a rotor driven by the windmill, and a stator formed by winding an excitation coil around an iron core facing the rotor. A variable resistor having a movable contact and electrically connected to the exciting coil of the generator, and a rotation interlocking with the rotational speed of the windmill. The rotating governor is mechanically connected to the movable contact of the variable resistor by an interlocking member, and when the rotational speed of the windmill is reduced, the excitation current of the generator is increased and the rotating current is increased. In order to reduce the output load current of the generator, the interlocking member interlocked with the rotating governor moves the movable contact of the variable resistor so that the voltage output of the generator is maintained constant. Configured to .

  Further, in a wind turbine generator comprising: a windmill; a generator having a rotor driven by the windmill; and a stator formed by winding an exciting coil around an iron core facing the rotor. An excitation coil current increase / decrease circuit electrically connected to the excitation coil of the generator, and a rotation speed detection circuit for detecting a rotation speed of the windmill, the rotation speed detection circuit including the excitation coil Electrically connected to a current increase / decrease circuit, the excitation coil current increase / decrease circuit interlocks with the signal from the rotation speed detection circuit so as to increase the excitation current of the generator when the rotational speed of the windmill decreases. In this way, the voltage output of the generator is maintained constant.

  According to the wind power generator of the present invention, the load applied to the generator is continuously adjusted according to the rotational force of the windmill without controlling the rotational speed of the windmill, so that stable power generation is possible regardless of changes in the wind speed. A voltage can be obtained. Thereby, wind power can be used effectively.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings illustrating embodiments.

  FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of a wind turbine generator according to the present invention. The wind turbine generator according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a wind turbine 1, a wind turbine power transmission unit 3, a generator 9, a variable resistor 13, a rotating governor 22, a rectifier 23, a storage battery 24, and an inverter. 25.

  The windmill 1 has a windmill shaft 2 at the center, and transmits the rotational force of the windmill 1 to the windmill power transmission unit 3 via the windmill shaft 2. The windmill power transmission unit 3 is provided to transmit the rotational force of the windmill 1 to the generator 9. Specifically, it consists of a speed increasing gear. In addition, a chain and a chain wheel, or a belt and a wheel may be used.

  The generator 9 is an AC generator, and is connected to the rotor 5, the stator 8 formed by winding the exciting coil 7 around the iron core 6 facing the rotor 5, and the generator 5. 9 and a generator shaft 4 led out from the inside to the outside. The rotor 5 is driven by transmitting the rotational force of the windmill 1 from the windmill power transmission unit 3 via the generator shaft 4.

  Here, in the first embodiment, the variable resistor 13 is electrically connected to the exciting coil 7 of the generator 9. The variable resistor 13 includes two resistors, a first variable resistor 11 and a second variable resistor 12. Each of these two resistors 11 and 12 has a movable contact 10a and a movable contact 10b, and the resistance values of the first variable resistor 11 and the second variable resistor 12 are changed by moving them. Let

  The rotating governor 22 is provided on the generator shaft 4 of the generator 9. The rotating governor 22 includes a pendulum 14, a connecting member 15, a slider 16, a fixing portion 17, an interlocking member mounting portion 18, a spring fixing portion 19, and a spring 20.

  The slider 16 has a hole formed in the center in a penetrating manner, and is slidable with respect to the generator shaft 4 by inserting the hole through the generator shaft 4 of the generator 9. The fixing portion 17 is fixed at a position spaced a predetermined distance from the end portion of the generator shaft 4. The connecting member 15 is a member that connects the fixed portion 17 and the slider 16 and is formed of a flexible member or an elastic material such as a leaf spring. The pendulum 14 is attached to the center of the connecting member 15. The pendulum 14 is a weight, and is provided to move the slider 16 in the axial direction of the generator shaft 4 by a change in centrifugal force due to a change in the rotational speed of the generator shaft 4 of the generator 9. Further, the interlocking member mounting portion 18 is provided with a hole in the center, and the hole can be slid with respect to the generator shaft 4 by inserting the hole into the generator shaft 4 of the generator 9. The interlocking member mounting portion 18 is connected to the slider 16 from the side opposite to the generator 9 side of the generator shaft 4.

  Further, the spring fixing portion 19 is fixed to the end portion of the generator shaft 4 opposite to the generator 9 side. The two end portions of the spring 20 are connected to the interlocking member mounting portion 18 and the spring fixing portion 19. The spring 20 urges the interlocking member attaching portion 18 and the slider 16 connected to the interlocking member attaching portion 18 in the direction in which the flexible connecting member 15 is extended (the direction of arrow B in FIG. 1). That is, the case where this spring 20 is a tension coil spring is illustrated. With the above configuration, when centrifugal force is applied to the pendulum 14 by rotating the generator shaft 4 of the generator 9, the pendulum 14 connects the connecting member 15 and the slider 16 connected to one end of the connecting member 15 to the generator shaft. The rotating governor 22 is configured to pull in the direction of arrow A in FIG. Note that the spring 20 can be a compression coil spring and can be freely interposed between the fixed portion 17 and the slider 16, in which case the overall length can be reduced (not shown).

  The rotating governor 22 and the variable resistor 13 are mechanically connected by the interlocking member 21. Precisely, the interlocking member 21 mechanically connects the interlocking member mounting portion 18 of the rotating governor 22 and the movable contact 10a and the movable contact 10b of the first variable resistor 11 and the second variable resistor 12. doing. Accordingly, the movable contactor 10a and the movable contactor 10b of the variable resistor 13 can be moved in accordance with the movement of the slider 16 of the rotating governor 22.

  The rectifier 23 is connected to the output side of the generator 9. The rectifier 23 has a function of converting the output load current output from the generator 9 from an alternating current to a direct current. The storage battery 24 is connected to a circuit after being converted from an alternating current to a direct current by the rectifier 23. The storage battery 24 has a function of temporarily storing the electric power generated by the generator 9 by the rotation of the windmill 1. The inverter 25 is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the storage battery 24. The electric power stored in the storage battery 24 is converted from direct current to alternating current by the inverter 25 and used as electric power for household appliances.

  Next, the operation of the wind turbine generator according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described. First, the windmill 1 is rotated by receiving the wind. The rotational force of the windmill 1 is transmitted to the windmill power transmission unit 3 via the windmill shaft 2. The windmill power transmission unit 3 rotates the generator shaft 4 of the generator 9. When the generator shaft 4 of the generator 9 is rotated, the rotor 5 connected to the generator shaft 4 is rotated. Then, the generator 9 generates power by rotating the rotor 5. The output load current output from the generator 9 is converted from an alternating current to a direct current by the rectifier 23 and stored as electric power in the storage battery 24.

  Further, when the rotational speed of the windmill 1 changes due to the change in the wind speed, the rotational speed of the generator shaft 4 of the generator 9 linked to the windmill 1 also changes. That is, the output load current output from the generator 9 changes with changes in wind speed. At this time, in the wind turbine generator according to the present invention, the rotating governor 22 provided on the generator shaft 4 of the generator 9 changes the resistance value of the variable resistor 13 in accordance with the change in the wind speed.

More specifically, first, the slider 16 of the rotating governor 22 is first subjected to the force in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1 applied to the slider 16 via the flexible connecting member 15 by the centrifugal force applied to the pendulum 14; The spring 20 applied to the slider 16 is positioned where the urging force in the direction of arrow B in FIG. Let us consider a case where the rotational speed of the generator shaft 4 decreases due to a decrease in the wind speed from this state. In that case, the excitation current (I _{1 in} FIG. 1) flowing through the excitation coil 7 of the generator 9 decreases and the output load current (I _{2 in} FIG. 1) output from the generator 9 decreases. Change occurs. At this time, since the centrifugal force applied to the pendulum 14 of the rotating governor 22 is also reduced, the force in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1 applied to the slider 16 via the flexible connecting member 15 by the centrifugal force applied to the pendulum 14 is This is less than the urging force in the direction of arrow B in FIG. Thereby, the slider 16 moves in the direction of arrow B in FIG. 1, and the flexible connecting member 15 integrated with the pendulum 14 is extended. The slider 16 stops again at a place where the force in the direction of arrow A in FIG.

When the slider 16 moves in the direction of arrow B in FIG. 1, the interlocking member 21 attached to the interlocking member mounting portion 18 connected to the slider 16 is accompanied by the first variable resistor 11 and the second variable resistor. The 12 movable contacts 10a and 10b are moved in the direction of arrow D in FIG. That is, when the wind speed decreases, the rotating governor 22 decreases the resistance value of the first variable resistor 11 and increases the excitation current (I _{1 in} FIG. ₁ ) flowing through the excitation coil 7 of the generator 9. The resistance value of the second variable resistor 12 is increased to decrease the output load current (I _{2 in} FIG. 1) output from the generator 9. Thereby, the voltage output of the generator 9 can be maintained constant.

  FIG. 2 is an overall configuration diagram showing a second embodiment of the wind turbine generator according to the present invention. The wind turbine generator according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes a rotation speed detection circuit 42 and an exciting coil current increase / decrease circuit 33 in place of the rotation governor 22 and the variable resistor 13 in the first embodiment.

The exciting coil current increasing / decreasing circuit 33 is electrically connected to the exciting coil 7 of the generator 9. The exciting coil current increasing / decreasing circuit 33 has a function for controlling the exciting current (I _{1 in} FIG. 2) flowing through the exciting coil 7 of the generator 9.

  The rotation speed detection circuit 42 is provided on the generator shaft 4 of the generator 9. The rotation speed detection circuit 42 is electrically connected to the excitation coil current increase / decrease circuit 33, and has a function for detecting the rotation speed of the generator shaft 4 and inputting a signal to the excitation coil current increase / decrease circuit 33. .

In the wind turbine generator according to the second embodiment of the present invention, the excitation current (in FIG. 2) flows through the excitation coil 7 of the generator 9 in accordance with the change in the wind speed by the rotation speed detection circuit 42 and the excitation coil current increase / decrease circuit 33. The control of I ₁ ) is performed. That is, when the rotational speed of the windmill 1 (the rotational speed of the generator shaft 4 of the generator 9) decreases due to the decrease in the wind speed, the rotational speed detection circuit 42 detects the decrease in the rotational speed of the generator shaft 4 and outputs a signal. Transmit to exciting coil current increase / decrease circuit 33. The exciting coil current increasing / decreasing circuit 33 performs control so as to increase the exciting current (I _{1 in} FIG. 2) flowing through the exciting coil 7 of the generator 9.

In the second embodiment, the output load current output from the generator 9 is converted from an alternating current to a direct current by the rectifier 23 connected to the output side of the generator 9. Further, the electric power converted into the direct current is stored in the storage battery 24 via the direct current constant voltage circuit 50. In the second embodiment, a part of the electric power stored in the storage battery 24 is used as electric power for controlling the rotation speed detection circuit 42 and the exciting coil current increasing / decreasing circuit 33 (I _{3 in} FIG. 2). The electric power stored in the storage battery 24 is converted from direct current to alternating current by the inverter 25 and used as electric power for the household appliance 60.

  As described above, in the present invention, the power generation including the windmill 1, the rotor 5 driven by the windmill 1, and the stator 8 formed by winding the exciting coil 7 around the iron core 6 facing the rotor 5. And a variable resistor 13 having a movable contact 10a and a movable contact 10b and electrically connected to the excitation coil 7 of the generator 9, and the rotational speed of the windmill 1. And the rotating governor 22 is mechanically connected to the movable contact 10a and the movable contact 10b of the variable resistor 13 by the interlocking member 21, and the rotational speed of the windmill 1 decreases. The interlocking member 21 linked to the rotating governor 22 moves the movable contact 10a and the movable contact 10b of the variable resistor 13 so as to increase the excitation current of the generator 9 and decrease the output load current of the generator 9. By doing so, the voltage output of the generator 9 is kept constant. Therefore, the load applied to the generator 9 according to the rotational force of the windmill 1 (that is, the magnitude of the wind speed) is mechanically and continuously controlled without controlling the rotational speed of the windmill 1. It is possible to adjust and obtain a stable generated voltage. Thereby, wind power can be used effectively.

  In the present invention, a generator 9 having a windmill 1, a rotor 5 driven by the windmill 1, and a stator 8 formed by winding an exciting coil 7 around an iron core 6 facing the rotor 5, , An exciting coil current increasing / decreasing circuit 33 electrically connected to the exciting coil 7 of the generator 9, and a rotational speed detecting circuit 42 for detecting the rotational speed of the windmill 1. The rotation speed detection circuit 42 is electrically connected to the exciting coil current increasing / decreasing circuit 33. The exciting coil current increasing / decreasing circuit 33 increases the exciting current of the generator 9 when the rotational speed of the windmill 1 decreases. By configuring the voltage output of the generator 9 to be constant by performing control in conjunction with the signal from the rotational speed detection circuit 42, the rotational speed of the windmill 1 can be controlled without controlling the rotational speed of the windmill 1. Applied to the generator 9 according to the rotational force (ie, the wind speed) The load can be adjusted electrically and continuously, and a stable generated voltage can be obtained. Thereby, wind power can be used effectively.

It is a whole lineblock diagram showing a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a whole block diagram which shows the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Windmill 5 Rotor 6 Iron core 7 Excitation coil 8 Stator 9 Generator
10a, 10b Movable contact
13 Variable resistor
21 Interlocking member
22 Rotating governor
33 Excitation coil current increase / decrease circuit
42 Speed detection circuit

Claims (2)

Windmill (1),
A rotor (5) driven by the windmill (1), and a stator (8) formed by winding an exciting coil (7) around an iron core (6) facing the rotor (5). A generator (9),
In the wind power generator with
A variable resistor (13) having movable contacts (10a) and (10b) and electrically connected to the exciting coil (7) of the generator (9), and linked to the rotational speed of the windmill (1). A rotating governor (22);
The rotating governor (22) is mechanically connected to the movable contact (10a) (10b) of the variable resistor (13) by an interlocking member (21),
When the rotational speed of the wind turbine (1) decreases, the excitation current of the generator (9) is increased and the output load current of the generator (9) is decreased, and the rotation governor (22) is interlocked. The interlocking member (21) is configured to maintain the voltage output of the generator (9) constant by moving the movable contact (10a) (10b) of the variable resistor (13). Wind power generator characterized by that. Windmill (1),
A rotor (5) driven by the windmill (1), and a stator (8) formed by winding an exciting coil (7) around an iron core (6) facing the rotor (5). A generator (9),
In the wind power generator with
An exciting coil current increasing / decreasing circuit (33) electrically connected to the exciting coil (7) of the generator (9), and a rotational speed detecting circuit (42) for detecting the rotational speed of the windmill (1); With
The rotational speed detection circuit (42) is electrically connected to the exciting coil current increasing / decreasing circuit (33), and the exciting coil current increasing / decreasing circuit (33) is configured as described above when the rotational speed of the windmill (1) decreases. In order to increase the excitation current of the generator (9), the voltage output of the generator (9) is kept constant by controlling in conjunction with the signal from the rotation speed detection circuit (42). It is comprised in the wind power generator characterized by the above-mentioned.

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