JP2005031779A - Information collection system at the time of disaster - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide an information collection system at the time of a disaster that can collect an objective disaster situation in a disaster area when a disaster occurs.
An information management unit includes a facility and a building that are close to the point among facilities and buildings that have been made into a database and have clarified seismic performance based on position information transmitted from information senders a to c. Some of these are automatically selected, and information collection instructions regarding the building and damage are sent to the information sender. The information senders a to c respond to the question items and the damage situation around the facilities and buildings designated by the information management unit 20 and send them again to the information management unit. Based on the damage information and earthquake resistance of individual facilities and buildings sent to the information management unit 20, the earthquake intensity and damage situation of the area concerned are aggregated, and the damage situation of areas where information is not sufficiently obtained Guess.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an information collection system at the time of a disaster configured to collect an objective disaster situation in a disaster area when a disaster occurs.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In Japan, human and material damage has been hit by large-scale earthquakes in various parts of the country so far. Patent Document 1 describes that earthquake information is transmitted to a user when an earthquake occurs and damage information is processed and stored for each user. FIG. 4 is a system configuration diagram described in Patent Document 1. In FIG.
[0003]
In FIG. 4, the earthquake information management server 1 is connected to a network 2 such as the Internet. The network 2 is connected to the local government 3 and the Japan Meteorological Agency 4 and is connected to a seismometer 5 installed by a server administrator. The earthquake information management server 1 can obtain the earthquake observation information announced by the local government 3 or the Japan Meteorological Agency 4 or the observation information from the seismometer 5 installed by the server administrator through the network 2.
[0004]
The network 2 is connected to a user terminal 6 including a personal computer capable of browsing Web pages and other home communication terminals. Furthermore, a mobile terminal 8 such as a mobile phone or a PHS is connected to the network 2 through a mobile communication network 7. In addition, the seismometer 9 installed by the server administrator is directly connected to the earthquake information management server 1 so that the earthquake observation information can also be obtained from here.
[0005]
In Patent Document 1, in the configuration of FIG. 4, the earthquake information management server 1 has address information storage means for storing address information of a user terminal owned by the user, and user information for storing the attribute information of each user for each user. A storage means and an earthquake information processing means for processing / calculating earthquake observation information provided from the outside as earthquake information for each user with reference to the attribute information of each user are provided. And the transmission means which transmits the calculated earthquake information for every user to each user terminal based on the said address information is provided.
[0006]
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of a conventional information collecting system as described in Patent Document 1. As shown in FIG. In FIG. 5, the information management unit 20 is provided with an earthquake information management server 21 and a storage device 22 in which various types of information are stored. The area 10 where information is collected when an earthquake occurs includes an area a (11), an area b (13), and an area c (15).
[0007]
When an earthquake occurs, the communication terminals 12, 14, and 16 of the information senders a to c report the location information and the damage status around the disaster area to the information management unit 20. This damage status report is made in a simple format, for example, in response to a question from a general information management unit 20 such as “Is there a collapsed building?”. The previous information management unit 20 aggregates the damage situation and estimates the damage situation. Then, formulate a relief and secondary damage prevention action plan.
[0008]
Non-Patent Document 1 describes a system for grasping position information and damage information from a damage witness in a disaster area using a mobile phone immediately after the occurrence of an earthquake. FIG. 6 is a system outline diagram described in Non-Patent Document 1. This system covers everything from normal pre-preparation to system operation immediately after the earthquake, including “(1) File Download”, “(2) Damage Report”, “(3) Database Creation”, and (4) Map Output It consists of four parts.
[0009]
To customize a commercially available mobile phone to a terminal that can be used with this system, download the file for the mobile phone from the specified server and make preparations in advance. Then, when the earthquake occurs, the reporter at the disaster site uses the customized mobile phone to transmit the location information and the damage report data to the server. If it is a mobile phone equipped with GPS, position information is automatically acquired, and other general mobile phones respond by inputting texts such as addresses.
[0010]
The contents of the damage report can be selected and answered from the mobile phone screen or entered by text. The transmitted information is received by the server at any time and is converted into a database in a general data file format. Furthermore, each browser side reads the collected database information and uses the location information to map the disaster situation of the city. At this time, when position information by text input is used, it is mapped by an address matching method or the like.
[0011]
As an example of the contents of the damage report,
(Question) "Please tell me the damage situation that can be confirmed by looking around from the place."
1. Collapsed building:
(Very many / some / one building / not)
2. A fire has occurred:
(Yes / No)
3. When a traffic obstacle (including traffic jam) occurs on the main road:
(Yes / No)
4). Hazardous material damage due to gas pipe rupture or factory collapse:
(Yes / No)
5. Land subsidence and liquefaction occur:
(Yes / No)
6). Damage caused by landslides and landslides:
(Yes / No)
7. Please enter other reports as text.
[0012]
In this way, in the event of an earthquake, using a communication device such as a personal computer or mobile phone, the damage status of urban infrastructure and structures such as buildings is transmitted to the management department, and the location information of the damage collection location is used. A system for collecting damage information in the area has already been proposed.
[0013]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2002-116263 [Non-Patent Document 1]
Proceedings of the Society for Regional Safety No.4, 2002.11 “Development of a system for grasping damage status using mobile phones equipped with GPS”
[0014]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when collecting information related to damage to structures such as buildings and infrastructure, in the conventional example, a report of a general aspect of the stricken area is sought. For example, the answer is “Yes” or “None” for questions such as “How many collapsed buildings are there?” And “Is there land subsidence or liquefaction?” Has been. In such a format, there is a problem that only a very rough situation can be grasped, and there is a possibility that a lot of individual subjectivity of the sender is included in the damage information, and the accuracy of the information varies, resulting in lack of objectivity. .
[0015]
The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an information collection system at the time of a disaster that is configured to collect an objective disaster situation in a disaster area when a disaster occurs.
[0016]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve such an object, the disaster information collection system of the present invention comprises an information management mechanism for collecting and managing earthquake information, and a user communication terminal connected to the information management mechanism through a network, When location information is transmitted to the information management mechanism from the user's communication terminal in the vicinity of the disaster area in the event of an earthquake, information on the specific structure from which the information on the disaster situation should be collected from the information management mechanism to the user's communication terminal , And the disaster status of the specific structure is returned from the user communication terminal to the information management mechanism.
[0017]
Further, the present invention is characterized in that the specific structure is a structure whose earthquake resistance is known in advance.
[0018]
Further, the present invention is characterized in that the information management mechanism holds the earthquake resistance information of the structure as a database.
[0019]
Further, the present invention is characterized in that the user is a member belonging to a specific group.
[0020]
In the invention, it is preferable that the communication terminal is a portable information device.
[0021]
Further, the present invention is characterized in that the communication network is configured by a dedicated line.
[0022]
The disaster area information collection system of the present invention collects damage status of structures such as concrete facilities and buildings whose earthquake resistance has already been clarified by the information management mechanism, and collects damage based on the collected information.・ Because guessing is done, damage information is less affected by the subjectivity of the individual and objectivity is maintained. In addition, the accuracy of information on the damage situation can be improved, and can contribute effectively to the planning of relief / secondary disaster prevention activities after the earthquake.
[0023]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the present invention. The parts corresponding to those in FIG. In the present invention, the storage device 22 of the information management unit 20 holds a facility or building whose earthquake resistance is clear as a database. In addition, the portable information terminals 12 and 14 and the computer 16 are equipped with a GPS (Global Positioning System) function for specifying position information so that the position of the information sender can be confirmed.
[0024]
The information management unit 20 is provided with an earthquake information management server 21, issues a command for collecting information on earthquake damage, and manages and aggregates the collected information. Therefore, as described with reference to FIG. 4, the earthquake information management server 1 constructs a computer system connected to the communication terminals of users (information senders a to c) via a network. That is, the information management unit 20 functions as an information management mechanism having the computer system and a system for performing business. Also in the present invention, the earthquake information management server 21 installed in the information management unit 20 and each communication terminal are connected by a network using the network system as shown in FIG.
[0025]
In area a, a facility a is constructed, and an information sender a has a portable information terminal 12. In the area b, a facility b is constructed, and the information sender b has a portable information terminal 14. A facility c is constructed in the area c, and an information sender c has a computer 16. Thus, the portable information terminals 12 and 14 and the computer 16 function as user communication terminals. When the user has the portable information terminal 14, the situation of the disaster area can be notified to the information management mechanism when the user is out and moving or visiting a customer.
[0026]
Further, the GPS terminal is attached to the communication terminal as described above to transmit the user's position information. The information management unit 20 acquires location information from the information senders a to c in (1). In (2), the surrounding specific facilities (structures that are clearly seismic and stored in the database) based on the location information and the survey instructions are transmitted to the information senders a to c. In (3), a report on the damage status of the specific facility and general damage status is received from the information senders a to c.
[0027]
Here, the form which transmits a positional information from the said user's communication terminal is demonstrated. The first form is a form in which the user sends position information to the information management unit 20 by himself / herself. In the second mode, the location information of the information terminal in which the information management unit 20 is registered is automatically acquired when an earthquake occurs. However, the second mode is premised on that the information terminal is turned on when an earthquake occurs. In the second mode, before the processing of FIG. 1 is performed, a command for acquiring location information is transmitted from the information management unit 20 to each information terminal. The position information is automatically returned without any operation.
[0028]
As an example of the above (2) and (3), the information management unit 20 transmits a survey instruction “Is the facility c constructed in the area c healthy?” To the information sender c. In response to this, the information sender c transmits a “No” reply to the information management unit 20. In addition, the information management unit 20 transmits an investigation instruction “Are there a collapsed building in the vicinity?” To the information sender c. On the other hand, the information sender c transmits a “yes” reply to the information management unit 20. The information management unit 20 summarizes the damage situation and estimates the damage situation. Then, formulate a relief and secondary damage prevention action plan.
[0029]
As described above, in FIG. 1, immediately after the occurrence of the earthquake, the information senders a to c firstly contact the information management unit 20 installed in the area or outside the area with the portable information terminals 12 and 14. The position information is transmitted by a communication terminal such as the computer 16. The information senders a to c may belong to a specific group or company, but may also be an unspecified general citizen. When the information senders a to c belong to a group such as a specific group or company, it is possible to quickly grasp the damage situation of the structure related to the group or company.
[0030]
The information management unit 20 selects some of the facilities and buildings close to the point from among the facilities and buildings that have already been clarified in the seismic performance based on the position information transmitted from the information senders a to c. Is automatically selected, and information collection instructions regarding the building and damage are sent to the information sender. Here, facilities and buildings whose seismic performance is clear are easily selected by information senders a to c in the event of an earthquake, and the extent of damage to the affected area from the degree of damage to the object. Can be judged. When collecting this information, the instruction of the target facility or building and the questions are transmitted to the information sender. Thus, in this invention, the database regarding the existing earthquake resistance of a building is utilized effectively.
[0031]
The information senders a to c answer questions regarding specific facilities and buildings designated by the information management unit 20 and general damage situations around them, and send them again to the information management unit. Based on the damage information and earthquake resistance of individual facilities and buildings sent to the information management unit 20, the information management unit 20 summarizes the seismic intensity and damage status of the area concerned, and damages in areas where sufficient information is not available. Guess the situation. In this way, the damage situation is aggregated and estimated, and a relief and secondary damage prevention action plan is formulated.
[0032]
As described above, in the present invention, when an earthquake occurs, information such as the presence or absence of collapse of a specific building or facility whose earthquake resistance data is clear in the area is collected in advance. For this reason, the intensity of the earthquake disaster can be determined based on the specific building or facility, and objective disaster information collection in the stricken area can be performed. The network connecting the earthquake information management server 21 installed in the information management unit 20 and the user's communication terminal can be a dedicated line. In this case, the communication speed is high and the safety of communication can be ensured.
[0033]
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of an example in which an information collection command transmitted from the earthquake information management server 1 of the information management unit 20 is displayed on a communication terminal owned by a user (member). In FIG. 2, the display unit 30 of the communication terminal is provided with map calling buttons 31a and 31b and message writing units 32a and 32b. By clicking the call buttons 31a and 31b, the area (address) for which information is collected is scrolled, and the name of the building or facility in the area is displayed.
[0034]
Please send damage information about the following facilities near you to the display unit 30. Is displayed. In addition, in the column 33 of damage status for the target building,
○ No damage ○ The outer wall and window (glass) are damaged ○ The building is slightly damaged ○ The building is heavily damaged ○ The item that the building is collapsed is displayed. The user selects one of the items, and if there is a special note for the □□ building, writes it in the message writing unit 32a.
[0035]
In the damage status column 33 for the target △△ bridge,
○ No damage ○ Small cracks can be seen ○ There is a large damage to the pillars and joints ○ The item of the bridge girder is displayed. The user checks one of the items, and if there is a special note regarding the ΔΔ bridge, writes it in the message writing unit 32a. When the response to the information collection command is completed, the send button 35 is clicked to return the stricken area information to the earthquake information management server 1.
[0036]
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a database related to a building stored in the storage device 22 of the information management unit 20. In FIG. 3, the building name is registered in the column (A) in the table 40 of the database relating to buildings. In the (B) column, the (Ba) address, (Bb) latitude, and longitude of the building are registered. In the (C) column, an outline of the building is registered. The items of the outline of the building include the construction year, structure type, floor height, ground condition, earthquake resistance grade, and special notes.
[0037]
Here, the structure type is a type of whether the structure of the building is wooden (W), reinforced concrete (RC), steel reinforced concrete (SRC), steel (S), other (O), etc. sign up. The earthquake resistance class represents the earthquake resistance of the building, such as an index representing the earthquake resistance set at the time of design, and an earthquake resistance class such as the Japanese housing performance display standard.
[0038]
In the conventional example described in Patent Document 1, when there is a person (user) who wants to receive earthquake information in the area, the system is constructed in terms of how information is provided from the information management unit. Yes. That is, the user in the affected area feels the occurrence of an earthquake and the information on the earthquake damage in the vicinity is known, and the information management unit provides (transmits) information to such a user. On the other hand, in the embodiment of the present invention, when an earthquake occurs, the information management unit obtains the damage information of the earthquake in the area and grasps the aspect of the damage. The system is built. Therefore, the system configuration is different.
[0039]
Further, in the conventional example described in Non-Patent Document 1, a question is made from a witness at the disaster site using a mobile phone when an earthquake occurs, and actual damage information is collected to grasp the damage situation of the city. Is. However, it is not a question about damage linked to the location information of witnesses, but is an information collection system based on answers to general questions and options from the earthquake and answers in free text. On the other hand, in the embodiment of the present invention, the damage status of structures around the witness is collected as a specific question format.
[0040]
In addition, in the embodiment of the invention, there is a feature that the damage information of the building / facility is collected by linking “information of the building or facility whose seismic performance is generally known” to the position information. It is possible to grasp the damage of the earthquake more objectively, rather than information that is easily subject to the subject such as “Is there a collapsed building?” Or “How much damage has occurred in the building?”
[0041]
【The invention's effect】
The disaster area information collection system of the present invention collects damage status of structures such as concrete facilities and buildings whose earthquake resistance has already been clarified, and collects and estimates damage based on the damage status. Information that is less subject to individual subjectivity and that can be collected objectively. In addition, the accuracy of information on the damage situation can be improved, and can contribute effectively to the planning of relief / secondary disaster prevention activities after the earthquake.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of an information collection instruction.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a database table related to a building.
FIG. 4 is a system configuration diagram to which the present invention is applied.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional example.
FIG. 6 is a system outline diagram of a conventional example.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 2 ... Network, 10 ... The said area | region of earthquake occurrence, 12, 14 ... Portable information terminal 16 ... Computer, 20 ... Information management part, 21 ... Earthquake information management server, 22 ... Storage device, 30 ... Display unit of communication terminal, 40 ... Database table regarding building

Claims (6)

An information management mechanism that collects and manages earthquake information, and a user communication terminal connected to the information management mechanism through a network. When an earthquake occurs, location information is sent from the user communication terminal around the disaster area to the information management mechanism. Is transmitted from the information management mechanism to the user's communication terminal, the information on the specific structure to be collected, and the information on the damage status in the specific structure is transmitted from the user's communication terminal. A system for collecting information at the time of a disaster, characterized by returning to the management mechanism. 2. The disaster information collection system according to claim 1, wherein the specific structure is a structure whose earthquake resistance is known in advance. The disaster information collection system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the information management mechanism holds the earthquake resistance information of the structure as a database. The disaster information collection system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the user is a member belonging to a specific group. The disaster collection information collection system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the communication terminal is a portable information device. 6. The disaster information collection system according to claim 1, wherein the communication network is configured by a dedicated line.

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