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JP2005029198A - Powder filling method and filling apparatus - Google Patents

Powder filling method and filling apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2005029198A
JP2005029198A JP2003196084A JP2003196084A JP2005029198A JP 2005029198 A JP2005029198 A JP 2005029198A JP 2003196084 A JP2003196084 A JP 2003196084A JP 2003196084 A JP2003196084 A JP 2003196084A JP 2005029198 A JP2005029198 A JP 2005029198A
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powder
filling
gas
container
storage device
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JP4335600B2 (en
Inventor
Mitsuyoshi Suzuki
三善 鈴木
Hirosato Amano
浩里 天野
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Ricoh Co Ltd
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Ricoh Co Ltd
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Abstract

【課題】最小の気体量で粉体の流動状態を得、この流動粉体を容器内に高密度、無粉塵で充填できる方法を提供する。
【解決手段】粉体を容器に充填する方法において、粉体充填容器内に充填ノズルとともに、下方に気体分離手段及び該気体分離手段の上方に浮遊粉塵気体分離手段を有する補助ノズルを挿入し、気体により流動化された粉体を該容器内に吐出して充填する該充填ノズルの吐出開口部が、該容器内に滞留せる該粉体により囲繞された状態で該粉体を該容器内に充填し、この粉体の充填が行なわれている間は該補助ノズルの浮遊粉塵気体分離手段によって、該充填操作で該容器内上方に生じた浮遊粉塵気体を吸引除去し、及び、この粉体の充填が行なわれている間又は充填終了後に、該補助ノズルの気体分離手段によって、該気体分離手段が該容器内に滞留した該粉体により囲繞された状態で該粉体中の気体を吸引して、該充填された粉体の密度を高めることを特徴とする。
【選択図】 図3
Provided is a method capable of obtaining a fluidized state of powder with a minimum amount of gas and filling the fluidized powder in a container with high density and no dust.
In a method of filling powder into a container, a filling nozzle is inserted into the powder filling container, a gas separating means below and an auxiliary nozzle having floating dust gas separating means above the gas separating means, The powder is discharged into the container in a state where the discharge opening of the filling nozzle for discharging and filling the powder fluidized by the gas is surrounded by the powder staying in the container. While the powder is being filled, the floating dust gas separating means of the auxiliary nozzle sucks and removes the floating dust gas generated in the upper part of the container by the filling operation, and the powder During or after filling, the gas in the powder is sucked by the gas separation means of the auxiliary nozzle while the gas separation means is surrounded by the powder retained in the container. The density of the filled powder And wherein the increase.
[Selection] Figure 3

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、20ミクロン以下の静電潜像現像用トナーのような微小粉体の小口径容器、小容量容器への充填、あるいは従来の重力を利用した充填方法では充填不可能な容器状部分への粉体充填方法及び粉体充填装置に関し、特に、複写機中のトナーカートリッジ、あるいは複写機現像部への乾式トナーの直接充填技術に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
粉体の充填機として、ロータリーバルブ、スクリューフィーダー、オーガー式充填機などがあるが、これら装置から粉体受け容器に粉体を充填するには粉体の自重を利用し、充填機の直下に粉体の受け容器を置き、充填機内で粉体の嵩密度を上げ、切出された粉体を重力によりこれら容器内に充填される方法をとるのが、一定容積の充填容器に粉体を効率よく充填する方法として一般的である。
また、粉体供給機中の粉体に気体を導入し流動性を高めた後、従属する配管により粉体供給機から受け容器近傍に輸送し脱気配管により輸送管中の粉体から脱気した後、これを受け容器に高密度充填する方法[特開平9−193902号公報(特許文献1)]が提案されている。
【0003】
しかしながら、これらの方式は、充填管に同軸状に正確に設けた脱気用配管付きのものとせねばならず製作が難かしい上に重量が大で持ち運びに難があり、また、充填容器の充填口径が大きく充填機の真下に充填容器が位置するときには有効であるが、小口径充填容器や、内部に様々な構造物のある充填容器では、充填機あるいは輸送管を離れた粉体が容器内部の空気と置換され難く、充填口からの吹き上げや容器内の構造物に粉体の動きを阻害され、所望の量を充填できないなどの問題が生じている。
【0004】
また、複写機、プリンター、ファクシミリ等で使用されるトナーを、機械が設置されている一般のオフィスで、トナーボトルや、機械の現像部に直接補給しようとすると、粉塵が舞うことや、たとえ補給できたとしても、空気を多く含んだ低密度の状態での充填であったり、複雑な現像部に直接入れる場合には、トナーが入る部分と、入らない部分で、画像形成上の問題が発生してしまっていた。
【0005】
【特許文献1】
特開平9−193902号公報
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従って、本発明の目的は、上記従来技術に鑑みて、粉体中に均一に気体を導入し最少の気体量で制御された粉体の流動状態を得て、小口径充填容器や複雑な形状の充填容器の奥または底部に流動粉体を流入し、小型で持ち運びができ、操作が簡単で、容器内で充填ノズルから容器開口間の粉体の層により充填後の粉体から脱気させ、簡単に高密度、無粉塵で充填できる方法及び装置を提供することにある。さらに、誰でもどんな場所でも作業汚れなしにトナー等の粉体を充填できるように、小型で持ち運びができ、操作が簡単な充填機を提供することにある。
この充填機は、トナー製造工場やトナー出荷部門で、また例えば複写機保守のための組織で、さらにオフィス内の複写機サイトで用いることができる。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題は、本発明の(1)「粉体を容器に充填する方法において、粉体充填容器内に充填ノズルとともに、下方に気体分離手段及び該気体分離手段の上方に浮遊粉塵気体分離手段を有する補助ノズルを挿入し、気体により流動化された粉体を該容器内に吐出して充填する該充填ノズルの吐出開口部が、該容器内に滞留せる該粉体により囲繞された状態で該粉体を該容器内に充填し、この粉体の充填が行なわれている間は該補助ノズルの浮遊粉塵気体分離手段によって、該充填操作で該容器内上方に生じた浮遊粉塵気体を吸引除去し、及び、この粉体の充填が行なわれている間又は充填終了後に、該補助ノズルの気体分離手段によって、該気体分離手段が該容器内に滞留した該粉体により囲繞された状態で該粉体中の気体を吸引して、該充填された粉体の密度を高めることを特徴とする粉体の充填方法」により達成される。
【0008】
さらに、上記課題は、本発明の(2)「充填用粉体及び気体を収納せる密閉構造の充填用粉体収納装置中の該粉体を気体により流動化した後、該流動化された粉体を該充填用粉体収納装置から前記充填ノズルまで移送することを特徴とする前記(1)に記載の粉体充填方法」により達成される。
【0009】
また、上記課題は、本発明の(3)「前記充填用粉体収納装置内への追加気体の導入により、前記粉体の流動化が行なわれることを特徴とする前記(2)に記載の粉体充填方法」により達成される。
【0010】
また、上記課題は、本発明の(4)「前記充填用粉体収納装置が振動されることにより、前記気体による粉体の流動化が行なわれることを特徴とする前記(2)又は(3)に記載の粉体充填方法」により達成される。
【0011】
また、上記課題は、本発明の(5)「前記粉体の前記充填用粉体収納装置から前記充填ノズルまで移送が、前記充填用粉体収納装置内の圧力を昇圧することにより行なわれることを特徴とする前記(2)〜(4)のいずれかに記載の粉体充填方法」により達成される。
【0012】
また、上記課題は、本発明の(6)「前記粉体の前記充填用粉体収納装置から前記充填ノズルまで移送が、該充填用粉体装置に外部圧力を加えて該充填用粉体装置の内容積を減容させることにより行なわれることを特徴とする前記(2)〜(5)のいずれかに記載の粉体充填方法」により達成される。
【0013】
また、上記課題は、本発明の(7)「前記粉体が、平均体積粒径0.2μm〜20μmの静電潜像現像用トナーであることを特徴とする前記(2)〜(6)のいずれかに記載の粉体充填方法」により達成される。
【0014】
また、上記課題は、本発明の(8)「少なくとも粉体充填用容器内に滞留せる流動化された粉体により吐出開口部が囲繞される位置に挿入される充填ノズル、該滞留せる流動化された粉体により囲繞される位置に気体分離手段及び該気体分離手段の上方に浮遊粉塵気体分離手段を有する補助ノズル、粉体流動化のための気体導入手段、及び、密閉可能な充填用粉体収納装置を具備し、流動化された粉体の移送路を該充填ノズルと充填用粉体収納装置との間に設けたことを特徴とする粉体充填装置」により達成される。
【0015】
また、上記課題は、本発明の(9)「更に内部圧力の圧力調節弁を前記充填用粉体収納装置に設けたことを特徴とする前記(8)に記載の粉体充填装置」により達成される。
【0016】
また、上記課題は、本発明の(10)「前記粉体流動化のための気体導入手段が、気体を前記充填用粉体収納装置に送出可能に収納せる圧力容器であることを特徴とする前記(8)に記載の粉体充填装置」により達成される。
【0017】
また、上記課題は、本発明の(11)「前記粉体流動化のための気体導入手段が、逆止弁付きの送気ポンプであることを特徴とする前記(10)に記載の粉体充填装置」により達成される。
【0018】
また、上記課題は、本発明の(12)「前記充填用粉体収納装置が、更に前記粉体流動化のための気体導入手段との間に、更に気体を該充填用粉体収納装置内に均一に導入するための気体分配手段を有することを特徴とする前記(8)〜(11)のいずれかに記載の粉体充填装置」により達成される。
【0019】
また、上記課題は、本発明の(13)「更に内部圧力の開放及び密封のための圧力安全弁を前記充填用粉体収納装置に設けたことを特徴とする前記(8)〜(12)のいずれかに記載の粉体充填装置」により達成される。
【0020】
また、上記課題は、本発明の(14)「前記充填用粉体収納装置の内部圧力が、外部圧力を加えて該充填用粉体収納装置を変形し該充填用粉体収納装置の内容積を減容させる装置変形手段により昇圧されて粉体が該充填用粉体収納装置外に流出することを特徴とする前記(8)〜(13)のいずれかに記載の粉体充填装置」により達成される。
【0021】
また、上記課題は、本発明の(15)「更に前記充填用粉体収納装置を振動させる振動手段が、該充填用粉体装置に設けられたことを特徴とする前記(8)に記載の粉体充填装置」により達成される。
【0022】
また、上記課題は、本発明の(16)「前記充填用粉体収納装置を振動させる振動手段が、前記送気ポンプの動力源により振動させられることを特徴とする前記(11)に記載の粉体充填装置」により達成される。
【0023】
また、上記課題は、本発明の(17)「前記粉体が、平均体積粒径0.2μm〜20μmの静電潜像現像用トナーであることを特徴とする前記(8)〜(16)のいずれかに記載の粉体充填装置」により達成される。
【0024】
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
本発明においては、充填ノズルの先端が、充填用容器内に滞留せる流動化された粉体により囲繞された状態、例えば充填ノズルの先端が、容器内に排出した粉体面より下になる位置で、該粉体を該容器内に充填する。流動化された粉体を得るため粉体を流動化する。
【0025】
粉体を流動化し、例えばパイプによりニューマティック輸送することは、気体と粉体の混合により可能であることが良く知られている。しかし、流動化した直径20μm以下の粉体、特に直径10μm以下のトナーのような極微粉体を単に例えば容器中に排出するだけでは、粉体(粉塵)の飛散防止や充填後の脱気が不十分で、工場内の大型の設備では粉塵対策や脱気用の設備を追加して実施可能であっても、一般のオフィスなどの環境では、実用的ではない。
【0026】
トナーのような極微粉体は、体積に対する表面積比が極めて大であるため通常は2次凝集していることが多いが、例えばアジテータ等により2次凝集が解かれた極微粉体は、極微粉化する前の塊状材質の比重にほとんど関係なく、表面状態のみが主に反映されて、気体中をブラウン運動し続け、したがってトナーのような極微粉体をニューマティック輸送した場合には、随伴する気体から極微粉体を自然沈降により分離するには一般的に途方もない長時間を要することが経験上知られている。
【0027】
充填用容器内に滞留せる流動化された粉体により囲繞された状態、例えば充填ノズルにより容器内へ排出し、しかも充填ノズル先端の位置が、排出されて容器内に滞留せる粉体の上面よりも下である状態で充填することにより、粉体の飛散を避けつつ容器底部から徐々に上側に空気を追い出しながら排出できることが見い出された。粉体が高い流動性や拡散性、飛散性を有していても、充填される容器が細く狭い形状である場合には、反って粉体の容器外への飛散を避けつつ高速で高密度の充填が可能となる。しかも、空気を除去するためや粉塵を防止するための大がかりな装置を必要としないため、簡便で小型な装置で充填が可能である。
【0028】
しかし、この場合には、容器に吐出された粉体中の空気を容器底部から徐々に上側に追い出しながら粉体の充填が行なわれるため、充填速度をより速めること、充填密度を高めることにはともに限界があり、また、粉塵の飛散を完全に抑えることは困難である。本発明によれば、これらはすべて解決することができる。
【0029】
また、本発明においては、密閉構造の充填用粉体収納装置(粉体切出し装置)中の充填用粉体に気体を、均等に導入する手段により、流動化した後、充填用粉体収納装置(粉体切出し装置)内の圧力を調節、制御することにより粉体を充填用粉体収納装置外に移送して容器に充填することが好ましい。この気体の均等導入手段により、空気を緩やかに充填用粉体収納装置に導入して必要最小限度のしたがって粉体の例えばブラウン運動を低く抑えた流動化を達成することができる。流動化された後には粉体が高い流動性を有するため、充填用粉体収納装置内の圧力を外圧より僅かに高くするだけで、粉体を充填用粉体収納装置外に排出でき、移送路中を充填ノズル先端まで円滑にニューマティック輸送し、充填用容器中で余分な撹拌を伴うことなく充填することができる。
【0030】
気体により粉体を流動化する際、充填用粉体収納装置の気体のみを用いるのでなく装置外から気体を導入する場合には、気体を均一に導入することが重要であり、そのためには、例えば焼結金属板、焼結樹脂板、目の細かい金網などの気体分配手段を通して気体を導入することが特に好ましい。流動化した粉体を排出し、容器に充填するときの開始および終了の制御は、充填用粉体収納装置内の圧力を調節することにより行うことができ、これは、例えば充填用粉体収納装置に設けた圧力調節弁によって行なうことができ、また、外部の加圧手段等によって補助することができる。また粉体充填操作中で充填用粉体収納装置内の圧力を変更し、粉体の流出状態を例えば粉体充填操作の最初と途中で変化させる圧力微調整を行うことができる。
【0031】
本発明における加圧の程度は、上記のように、常圧より僅かに高い程度でよく、あまり高圧に加圧すると反って、容器内に滞留する微粉体雲による捕捉効果が損なわれることがある。容器中に滞留する微粉体雲の量や流動化済みの微粉体の充填態様にもよるが、一般的には加圧の程度は、2〜1500ゲージヘクトpa、好ましくは3〜800ゲージヘクトpa、より好ましくは10〜500ゲージヘクトpaである。2ゲージヘクトpa未満の加圧では、充填に長時間を要する。
【0032】
また、本発明は、粉体と気体とが封入され密閉された充填用粉体収納装置を揺り動かすことで流動化した後、充填用粉体収納装置内を加圧することができるが、装置内の加圧は、外部圧力により充填用粉体収納装置の内容積を減少させることにより行うことができ、例えば押しつぶして内容積を減容化し、粉体を装置外に排出して、充填ノズル先端までニューマティック輸送し、充填容器に充填する。この方法によれば、粉体を流動化するための装置が不要又は少なくとも小型化でき、排出するための手段を可能な限り省略できる。充填用粉体収納装置は、手で振ることができる大きさ、重さであってもよく、また、加圧空気導入用のポンプ動力により容易に振動又は揺動できる大きさ、重さであってもよい。充填用粉体収納装置は、小型化することにより、あらかじめ必要量を秤量しておくと、使い切りタイプの簡易充填機としても利用することができる。
【0033】
さらに、本発明では、補助ノズルを充填ノズルとともに容器内に挿入することによって粉体の充填時に発生する浮遊粉塵空気を吸引除去し、また容器内に滞留した粉体の脱気を行なうようにしているので、一定範囲にある粉体を高密度で充填が行なえる。
【0034】
【発明の実施の形態】
[装置例1]
図1に、本発明の装置の一例の概要を示す。この例の粉体充填装置(1)は、通常密閉された充填用粉体収納装置(10)、この粉体収納装置(10)の下部フランジ(11)に取付取外し自在に結合される接続用フランジ(12)を上部に有し、粉体の流動層を形成するための空気の通気多孔板(3)(焼結金属板、焼結樹脂板、目の細かい金網など)を取外し自在に収納し、圧縮空気配管(14)が取付取外し自在に嵌め込まれた気体導入手段としての空気ヘッダ(2)、閉鎖弁付粉体の投入口(4)、内部圧力の開放及び密封のための圧力安全弁(5)、圧力微調整用の圧力調節弁(6)、流動粉体輸送管(7)としてステンレス管、流動化された粉体の前記充填ノズルへの移送路としての取付取外し自在に接続されたウレタンチューブ(13)、ウレタンチューブ(13)に取付取外し自在に接続された充填ノズルとしてのステンレス製の充填管(8)、吸引によって気体分離、浮遊粉塵空気分離が行なえるステンレス製の二重管式補助ノズル(30)から構成される。
【0035】
空気ヘッダ(2)は充填用粉体収納装置(10)内部の圧力の昇圧することができる程度の若干耐圧性のものであり、空気ヘッダ(2)には第3圧力計(p3)が設けられる。空気ヘッダ(2)に接続する圧縮空気配管(14)には順に、第1減圧弁(19)、第2減圧弁(18)、空気流量計(20)が設けられ、第1減圧弁(19)と第2減圧弁(18)の間には第1圧力計(p1)が、第2減圧弁(18)と空気流量計(20)の間には第2圧力計(p2)がそれぞれ設けられている。またこの例の粉体充填装置における粉体充填用容器(9)としては、計測のため、500ミリリットルのメスシリンダを用いたが、無論、実際には例えば樹脂製のトナー容器のような容器を好ましく用いることができる。
【0036】
この例の装置においては、充填しようとする粉体を閉鎖弁付き粉体投入口(4)から充填用粉体収納装置(10)内に投入し、内部圧力の開放及び密封のための圧力安全弁(5)を開放しておく。一方、圧力微調整用の圧力調節弁(6)の操作は人力または電磁弁などで自動化されても良い。その後粉体投入口(4)の圧力安全弁(5)を閉じ、気体導入手段としての加圧空気溜である空気ヘッダ(2)に気体を導入する。この気体の流入は圧力調整弁、流量調整弁としての第1減圧弁(19)、第2減圧弁(18)により調整されても良く装置が運転中は流入を継続する。
【0037】
導入された気体は、通気多孔板(3)で均一に粉体中に分散され粉体を流動化する。先端が粉体容器の底面に密着しないよう斜めまたは一部突起を備えた粉体輸送管(13)に連らなる充填ノズルとしての充填管(8)の先端を粉体充填用容器(9)の内部に挿入し圧力安全弁(5)を閉じると粉体はその流動化に使用した気体の圧力で充填用粉体収納装置(10)内から粉体輸送管(13)に押出され、先端を粉体充填用容器(9)の内部に挿入された充填管(8)の先端から粉体充填用容器(9)内に排出される。充填管(8)に平行して補助ノズル(30)が粉体充填用容器(9)の内部に挿入されている。図3は補助ノズル(30)と粉体充填用容器(9)との位置関係を示すものである。
【0038】
この例の装置においては、充填の最初、特に、粉体充填用容器(9)の内部が完全に空である場合には、最初、充填用粉体収納装置(10)の圧力調節弁(6)の開閉度を加減して、充填用粉体収納装置(10)からの粉体移送速度を控え目にして、充填された流動性の粉体の粉体充填用容器(9)内部でのアバレ、拡散を避け、次に、容器(9)中に滞留する微粉体雲の量が、充填管(8)の先端から吐出される流動化済み粉体流をほぼ囲繞できる程度に増した後、圧力調節弁(6)をより開にして、充填操作を続けることができる。
【0039】
充填管(8)は粉体充填用容器(9)の充填口上部に置かれ、粉体充填用容器(9)のセット後に粉体充填用容器(9)内部に自動的に挿入されても手動で挿入されても良い。そして、圧力安全弁(5)を開放することにより輸送力となっていた充填用粉体収納装置(10)内の内圧がなくなり粉体の排出を停止できる。
【0040】
粉体の輸送原動力となっている充填用粉体収納装置(10)の内圧をすばやく上げるために、充填用粉体収納装置(10)には流動のための圧縮空気導入口とは別の圧縮空気導入口が流動化した粉体の粉面以上の位置に設けられても良い。
粉体充填用容器(9)内の充填管(8)は単純な配管としてもまた二重管としての外壁の一部を3000メッシュ以上の細かい金属スクリーンまたは焼結プラスチック板で通気構造とし、内外壁間の圧力を空気インジェクション効果で減圧することにより、二重管外壁の通気構造を介し充填した粉体中の気体を抜き、粉体密度を更に上げても良い。
【0041】
一方、補助ノズル(30)も粉体充填用容器(9)の充填口上部に置かれ、粉体充填用容器(9)のセット後に粉体充填用容器(9)内部に自動的に挿入されても手動で挿入されてもよい。
補助ノズル(30)は、粉体充填時に粉体充填用容器(9)の内部上方に生じた浮遊粉塵を吸引除去し、さらに粉体充填用容器(9)内に滞留した粉体に囲繞されて該粉体中の気体を吸引除去できるものであれば、構造等は任意に設定することができる。
このため、補助ノズル(30)の1つの例としては、ステンレス管に或る径の孔があいていて、その廻りをまた或る径のメッシュで覆って、この二つの径で浮遊粉塵の吸引除去及び粉体中の気体の吸収除去が行えるものがあげられる。
【0042】
図3は本発明に有用な補助ノズル(30)の別の例を示している。この例では外径500mmで内径4mmの長尺のステンレス管製の内管(31)の中央部が、外径7mmで内径6mmの長尺のステンレス製の外管(32)内に収められて一部二重管状態とされている。内管(31)はその先端が栓(33)で塞がれており、容器(9)内に滞留せる粉体により囲繞されるところには気体分離手段として、前述した体積平均粒径0.2μm〜20μmの静電潜像現像用トナーの中である粒度分布を持つ充填されるトナーが阻止されるような直径を有する数μmの複数の孔(31a)が設けられ、また後端には図示されていない減圧装置につながる気体吸引口(31b)が設けられている。
外管(32)はその先端が内管(31)に接して塞がれており、気体分離手段31aより上方で浮遊粉塵が集まりやすいところには浮遊粉塵気体分離手段として前掲のとおり、充填されるトナーが阻止されような直径を有する数μmの複数の孔(32a)が設けられ、また後端には図示されていない減圧装置につながる気体吸引口(32b)が設けられている。
【0043】
[装置例2]
図2には、本発明の装置の他の一例の概要が示される。この例の粉体充填装置(1)においては、軟質プラスチック等の可撓性材質で作成された充填用粉体収納装置(10)、充填用粉体収納装置(10)の下部フランジ(11)に取付取外し自在に結合される接続用部材(12)を上部に有し、粉体の流動層を形成するための空気の通気多孔板(3)(焼結金属板、焼結樹脂板、目の細かい金網など)を取外し自在に収納し、圧縮空気配管(14)が取付取外し自在に嵌め込まれた気体導入手段としての空気ヘッダ(2)、閉鎖弁付粉体の投入口(4)、内部圧力の開放及び密封のための圧力安全弁(5)、圧力微調整用の圧力調節弁(6)、流動粉体輸送管(7)としてステンレス管、流動化された粉体の前記充填ノズルへの移送路としての取付取外し自在に接続されたウレタンチューブ(13)、ウレタンチューブ(13)に取付取外し自在に接続された充填ノズルとしてのステンレス製の充填管(8)、気体吸引管としての補助ノズル(30)を有する。
【0044】
但し、例1の装置と異なり、気体導入手段として、気体出口に逆止弁(22)を有し小型電動機(M)により伸縮して空気ヘッダ(2)に空気を送る蛇腹構造のポンプ(21)を有する。ポンプ(21)は保持枠(24)中に取外自在に固定されており、小型電動機(M)によりポンプ(21)が伸縮すると、保持枠(24)を介して充填用粉体収納装置(10)が振動され、この振動により、充填用粉体収納装置(10)中の粉体が気体で流動化される。
【0045】
この例の装置においては、充填用粉体収納装置(10)も空気ヘッダ(2)も加圧容器特有の肉厚材料で構成する必要がなく、装置全体の軽量化、小型化を一層促進することができ、小型電動機(M)のための動力線用プラグ(25)を、例えば複写機に設けたコンセントに差し込むだけで、稼働させることができる。
【0046】
[装置例3]
さらに、本発明においては、粉体と共に気体が充填され、一本の配管接続口がついた密閉容器で容器が人力で容易に変形するポリエチレンなどの軟質プラスチックで形成し、外部から圧力を加えて該プラスチック容器を変形させ、内圧を高めて配管接続口に接続されたウレタンチューブなどを得て粉体を充填容器の底部に導いても良い。または変形しない硬質プラスチック等の容器に少なくとも2本の配管接続口を設け、一本には0.2Mpa以下の圧縮空気を接続し、他の一本は粉体輸送管とし粉体をチューブを通して容器底部に導くようにしても良い。圧縮空気元としては通常のコンプレッサの他に、手動の例えば自転車の空気入れも代用できる。
【0047】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を実施例により、更に詳細に説明する。
(実施例1)
図1に示される装置を作成するため、粉体を収納し、流動化する充填用粉体収納装置(10)を直径200mmのアクリル樹脂製円筒で高さを500mmとし、その上下をステンレス製フランジで挟むように置き上下フランジ間を通しボルトで締結した。この円筒の下部に、粉体の流動層を形成する通気多孔板(3)として焼結樹脂製のパネル(商品名:フィルタレン)をアクリル円筒と下部フランジ間に挟む構造とした。粉体の均質で安定的な流動状態を維持するために、焼結樹脂板(商品名:フィルタレン)を用いた。通気多孔板としてはゴアテックス、焼結金属板などもあるが、焼結樹脂板フィルタレンからの空気流入が一番均一であったことが、フランジ間に多孔板を挟みフランジ上部に水を張った状態で通気した泡の発生の均一性から観察され、フィルタレンを使用した。
【0048】
気体は空気に限らないが、実施例1ではオイルフリーで大気露点−10℃の乾燥空気を用い、圧力は減圧して焼結樹脂板下部の空気溜に供給した。空気流量は空気流量計(20)(商品名:フローセル流量計)を用いて2リッター毎分通気できるよう調整した。粉体は複写機用カラートナー(中心粒径6.8ミクロン、真比重1.2、タッピング嵩比重0.48)を用いた。
アクリル円筒上部のステンレス製のフランジには閉鎖弁付け粉体の投入口(4)が開口し、更にアクリル円筒内の内圧を制御する手動の圧力調節弁(6)も設けた。
【0049】
流動化のための充填用粉体収納装置(10)と粉体充填用容器(9)内とに挿入したステンレス管(7)とステンレス製で先端ノズルを有する充填管(8)との間は内径6mmのウレタン製チューブ(13)を用いて接続し、粉体充填用容器(9)としてはここでは充填中の粉体の動きを知り且つ計測するために透明の500ミリリッターメスシリンダーを用いた。
充填ノズル(8)の先端の高さは容器であるメスシリンダーの底部を0とし0.1mmから255mmの範囲で任意の高さを保つよう支持した。
【0050】
粉体充填用容器(9)内に充填ノズル(8)と平行にステンレス製の補助ノズル(30)を挿入した。補助ノズル(30)の内管(31)は内径4mm、外径5mmで長さが600mmであり、先端は栓(33)によって塞がれている。この先端から100mmまでのところには直径0.2μmの孔(31a)が多数設けられて気体分離手段を形成しており、後端は図示されていない吸引装置につながる気体吸引口(31b)が形成されている。
補助ノズル(30)の外管(32)は内径6mm、外径8mmで長さが430mmであり、その先端が内管(31)の先端から115mm離れた位置のところに設けられており、外管(32)の先端は内管(31)の外壁に接している。この外管はその先端から50mmまでのところには直径0.5μmの孔(32a)が多数設けられて浮遊粉塵気体分離手段を形成しており、後端は図示されていない吸引装置につながる気体吸引口(32b)が形成されている。
【0051】
充填ノズルから粉体の充填が始まったときから充填終了までの間は、少なくとも浮遊粉塵空気分離手段(32b)からの吸引が行なわれる。空気分離手段(31)による吸引は、充填ノズル(30)から粉体の充填が始まった時又はその途中から充填終了後もしばらくの間行なうか、あるいは粉体充填中は行なわず充填終了後から行なう。これにより、容器(9)中に充填された粉体は良好に脱気されるので、高密度充填が達成される。
流動化圧力として空気溜への気体圧力を10Kpaと20Kpa、充填ノズルを内径3mmと6mmのものを用意し、充填量は体積で500cc(メスシリンダー上限)とし、充填ノズル(8)及び補助ノズル(30)を抜いた後の充填重量から充填後の見かけ比重を算出出来るようにした。
粉塵測定には、シバタサイエンステクノロジー社製デジタルダストインジケーターP−5を用いた。なお、充填開始前の粉塵カウント数は14カウント毎分であった。
【0052】
流動容器から500ccメスシリンダーへの粉体の排出は圧縮空気配管(14)が接続された空気ヘッダ(2)に圧縮空気を通したまま流動化のための充填用粉体収納装置(10)の上部フランジ(12)の手動開閉の圧力調節弁(6)を閉じると流動化装置(10)内の圧力が上がり、この圧力で流動化装置(10)内の流動粉体が流動化装置(10)内のノズル状ステンレス製パイプ(7)、ウレタンチューブ(13)、充填用容器(9)内のステンレス製ノズル(8)を通って充填容器(9)下部に排出された。
【0053】
粉塵の飛散状態を調べる為に、充填口裏側に白紙を置き目視にて観察した。補助ノズルを用いなかった場合は、容器口よりトナーが浮遊状態で飛散しているのが確認されたのに対し、充填ノズル位置を容器底部から30mmに支持し充填した時は、トナーが補助ノズルに吸引され容器口からのトナーの浮遊及び飛散は減少していた。
【0054】
浮遊粉塵空気分離手段によりトナーが吸引され容器口からトナーが浮遊及び飛散する事は無くなっていた。
トナー充填ボトル製品を200本充填後も、トナー飛散による周囲汚れの発生は無かった。
一方、補助ノズルを設けた以外は上記と同時にして充填用容器(9)への粉体の充填を行なった。ここで、補助ノズルの先端位置を充填ノズル(8)の先端位置と同じにし、充填ノズル(8)からの粉体の吐出と同時に浮遊粉塵空気分離手段による吸引を行なった。結果は、同様な嵩比重が得られるとともに、粉塵濃度は経時においてほぼ一定していた。
【0055】
【発明の効果】
以上、詳細かつ具体的な説明から明らかなように、本発明により、粉体中に均一に気体を導入し最少の気体量で制御された粉体の流動状態を得て、小口径充填容器や複雑な形状の充填容器の奥または底部に浮遊粉塵を除去しながら流動粉体を流入し、容器内で充填ノズルから容器開口間の粉体の層により充填後の粉体から脱気させ、簡単に高密度、無粉塵で充填できる方法を提供でき、さらに、誰でも、どんな場所でも充填できるように、小型で持ち運びができ、操作が簡単である充填機を提供することができるという極めて優れた効果を奏するものである。
また、従来においては容器内へトナーを充填したとき、容器開口からトナーの浮遊及び飛散を追加の集塵機等を活用し、容器開口近傍に集塵ホースを設置することで粉塵の飛散を抑制していたが、本発明によれば、浮遊粉塵空気分離手段(上部)によりトナーの浮遊及び飛散が無くなるため、追加の集塵機等を設置する必要がなくなり、装置構造が簡単で装置コストの制御が可能という著しい効果がもたらされる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明における粉体流動化装置の一例を示す概略図である。
【図2】本発明における粉体流動化装置の他の一例を示す概略図である。
【図3】本発明における粉体流動化装置で用いられる補助ノズルの一例を示す概略図である。
【符号の説明】
1 粉体充填装置
2 空気ヘッダ
3 通気多孔板
4 閉鎖弁付粉体の投入口
5 圧力安全弁
5a 開閉弁
6 圧力調節弁
7 流動粉体輸送管
8 充填管
9 粉体充填用容器
10 充填用粉体収納装置
11 下部フランジ
12 接続用フランジ
13 ウレタンチューブ
14 圧縮空気配管
18 第2減圧弁
19 第1減圧弁
20 空気流量計
21 ポンプ
22 逆止弁
24 保持枠
25 動力線用プラグ
30 補助ノズル
31 内管
31a 孔(気体分離手段)
31b 気体吸引口
32 外管
32a 孔(浮遊粉塵気体分離手段)
32b 気体吸引口
33 栓
M 小型電動機
p1 第1圧力計
p2 第2圧力計
p3 第3圧力計
p4 第4圧力計
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is a container-like portion that cannot be filled by a small-diameter container such as a toner for developing an electrostatic latent image of 20 microns or less, filling a small-capacity container, or a conventional filling method using gravity. The present invention relates to a powder filling method and a powder filling apparatus, and more particularly to a direct filling technique of a dry toner into a toner cartridge in a copying machine or a developing unit of a copying machine.
[0002]
[Prior art]
There are rotary valves, screw feeders, auger type filling machines, etc. as powder filling machines. In order to fill the powder receiving container from these devices, the weight of the powder is used and directly under the filling machine. The method of placing powder receiving containers, increasing the bulk density of the powder in a filling machine, and filling the cut powder into these containers by gravity is to place the powder in a fixed volume filling container. It is a common method for efficient filling.
In addition, after introducing gas into the powder in the powder feeder to improve fluidity, it is transported from the powder feeder to the vicinity of the receiving container by the subordinate pipe and degassed from the powder in the transport pipe by the deaeration pipe. After that, a method [Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-193902 (Patent Document 1)] in which the container is filled with high density has been proposed.
[0003]
However, these systems must be equipped with a deaeration pipe that is accurately provided coaxially on the filling tube, and are difficult to manufacture and are heavy and difficult to carry. It is effective when the filling container is located directly under the filling machine with a large diameter. However, in small-diameter filling containers and filling containers with various structures inside, the powder that has left the filling machine or the transport pipe is inside the container. It is difficult to replace the air, and there is a problem that a desired amount cannot be filled because the powder is blown up from the filling port or the structure in the container is hindered from moving the powder.
[0004]
In addition, if you try to replenish toner used in copiers, printers, facsimiles, etc. directly to toner bottles and developing parts of machines in general offices where the machine is installed, dust may fly or even replenish Even if it is possible, when filling in a low density state containing a lot of air or directly into a complicated development area, there will be problems in image formation depending on where the toner enters and where it does not. I was doing it.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-9-193902
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, in view of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to introduce a gas uniformly into the powder and obtain a controlled flow state of the powder with a minimum amount of gas. Flowing powder flows into the back or bottom of the filling container, and it is compact and portable, easy to operate, and degassed from the powder after filling by the powder layer between the filling nozzle and the container opening in the container. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus that can be easily filled with high density and no dust. It is another object of the present invention to provide a filling machine that is small, portable, and easy to operate so that anyone can fill powders such as toner without any work contamination.
The filling machine can be used in a toner manufacturing factory, a toner shipping department, an organization for copier maintenance, for example, and a copier site in an office.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The above-mentioned problem is that (1) “in the method of filling powder into a container” of the present invention, together with a filling nozzle in the powder-filled container, a gas separation means below and a floating dust gas separation means above the gas separation means. An auxiliary nozzle is inserted, and the discharge opening of the filling nozzle that discharges and fills the powder fluidized by gas into the container is surrounded by the powder that stays in the container. The powder is filled in the container, and while the powder is being filled, the suspended dust gas generated above the container by the filling operation is sucked and removed by the floating dust gas separation means of the auxiliary nozzle. And while the powder is being filled or after the filling is completed, the gas separation means of the auxiliary nozzle is surrounded by the powder retained in the container by the gas separation means. The gas in the powder is sucked and filled Is achieved by the filling method "of the powder, characterized in that to increase the density of the powder was.
[0008]
Furthermore, the above-mentioned problems are solved by (2) “powdered powder after fluidizing the powder in the sealed powder storage device for storing the powder and gas with gas. It is achieved by the “powder filling method according to (1) above”, wherein the body is transferred from the filling powder storage device to the filling nozzle.
[0009]
The above-mentioned problem is (3) of the present invention described in (2) above, wherein the powder is fluidized by introducing an additional gas into the filling powder storage device. This is achieved by the “powder filling method”.
[0010]
Further, the above-mentioned problem is (4) of the present invention, wherein the powder is fluidized by the gas when the filling powder storage device is vibrated. This is achieved by the “powder filling method”.
[0011]
In addition, the above-described problem is (5) “transferring the powder from the powder storage device for filling to the filling nozzle by increasing the pressure in the powder storage device for filling. This is achieved by the powder filling method according to any one of (2) to (4) above.
[0012]
Further, the above-mentioned problem is (6) of the present invention, “The powder is transferred from the powder storage device for filling to the filling nozzle, and an external pressure is applied to the powder powder device for filling. This is achieved by the “powder filling method according to any one of (2) to (5)”, which is carried out by reducing the internal volume.
[0013]
Further, the above-mentioned problem is (7) of the present invention, wherein the powder is a toner for developing an electrostatic latent image having an average volume particle size of 0.2 μm to 20 μm. This is achieved by the “powder filling method according to any one of the above”.
[0014]
Further, the above-mentioned problem is (8) of the present invention, “a filling nozzle inserted at a position where the discharge opening is surrounded by at least the fluidized powder that is retained in the powder filling container, and the fluidization that is retained. Gas separation means at a position surrounded by the formed powder, an auxiliary nozzle having floating dust gas separation means above the gas separation means, gas introduction means for powder fluidization, and sealable powder for filling This is achieved by a “powder filling device comprising a body storage device, wherein a fluidized powder transfer path is provided between the filling nozzle and the filling powder storage device”.
[0015]
The above object is achieved by (9) “powder filling apparatus according to (8) above, wherein a pressure regulating valve for internal pressure is provided in the filling powder container” of the present invention. Is done.
[0016]
Further, the above-mentioned problem is characterized in that (10) “the gas introduction means for fluidizing the powder is a pressure vessel for storing gas in the powder storage device for filling so that the gas can be sent out. This is achieved by the “powder filling apparatus according to (8)”.
[0017]
Further, the above problem is (11) of the present invention, wherein the gas introduction means for fluidizing the powder is an air feed pump with a check valve. Achieved by a "filling device".
[0018]
Further, the above-mentioned problem is (12) of the present invention, “In the filling powder storage device, further gas is introduced between the filling powder storage device and the gas introducing means for fluidizing the powder. It is achieved by the “powder filling device according to any one of (8) to (11)” above, characterized in that it has a gas distribution means for uniformly introducing it into the gas.
[0019]
Further, the above-mentioned problem is as described in (13) of the present invention, wherein a pressure safety valve for releasing and sealing the internal pressure is further provided in the powder storage device for filling. This is achieved by the “powder filling apparatus according to any one”.
[0020]
Further, the above-mentioned problem is (14) of the present invention, “the internal pressure of the filling powder storage device is deformed by applying external pressure to deform the filling powder storage device, and the internal volume of the filling powder storage device. The powder filling device according to any one of (8) to (13), wherein the pressure is increased by the device deforming means for reducing the volume and the powder flows out of the powder storage device for filling. Achieved.
[0021]
Further, the above-mentioned problem is (15) of the present invention described in (8), wherein a vibration means for further vibrating the filling powder storage device is provided in the filling powder device. This is achieved by the “powder filling device”.
[0022]
Further, the above-mentioned problem is (16) of the present invention described in (11), wherein the vibration means for vibrating the powder storage device for filling is vibrated by a power source of the air supply pump. This is achieved by the “powder filling device”.
[0023]
Further, the above-mentioned problem is (17) of the present invention, wherein the powder is an electrostatic latent image developing toner having an average volume particle size of 0.2 μm to 20 μm. This is achieved by the “powder filling device according to any one of the above”.
[0024]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
In the present invention, the tip of the filling nozzle is surrounded by the fluidized powder that stays in the filling container, for example, the position where the tip of the filling nozzle is below the powder surface discharged into the container. Then, the powder is filled into the container. The powder is fluidized to obtain a fluidized powder.
[0025]
It is well known that powder can be fluidized and pneumatically transported by, for example, a pipe, by mixing gas and powder. However, by simply discharging a fluidized powder having a diameter of 20 μm or less, particularly an extremely fine powder such as a toner having a diameter of 10 μm or less into a container, for example, powder (dust) is prevented from being scattered and deaeration after filling. Even if it is insufficient and can be implemented by adding dust countermeasures and deaeration facilities for large facilities in the factory, it is not practical in an environment such as a general office.
[0026]
An ultrafine powder such as a toner usually has a secondary agglomeration because of its extremely large surface area ratio to the volume. For example, an ultrafine powder whose secondary agglomeration has been solved by an agitator or the like is an extremely fine powder. Regardless of the specific gravity of the bulk material before conversion, only the surface state is mainly reflected, and the Brownian motion continues in the gas. Therefore, when a fine powder such as toner is transported pneumatically, it accompanies it. Experience has shown that it takes a tremendous amount of time to separate very fine powder from a gas by natural sedimentation.
[0027]
A state surrounded by the fluidized powder that stays in the filling container, for example, is discharged into the container by a filling nozzle, and the position of the tip of the filling nozzle is from the upper surface of the powder that is discharged and stays in the container It was found that by filling in the state below, it is possible to discharge while gradually expelling air upward from the bottom of the container while avoiding scattering of the powder. Even if the powder has high fluidity, diffusibility, and scattering properties, if the container to be filled is thin and narrow, it will warp and avoid high-speed and high density while avoiding scattering of the powder outside the container. Can be filled. In addition, since a large-scale device for removing air or preventing dust is not required, filling can be performed with a simple and small device.
[0028]
However, in this case, the powder filling is performed while gradually expelling the air in the powder discharged to the container from the container bottom to the upper side, so that the filling speed can be increased and the packing density can be increased. Both have limitations, and it is difficult to completely suppress dust scattering. All of these can be solved according to the present invention.
[0029]
In the present invention, the powder storage device for filling after fluidized by means for uniformly introducing gas into the powder for filling in the powder storage device for filling (powder cutting device) having a sealed structure. It is preferable to transfer the powder out of the filling powder storage device and fill the container by adjusting and controlling the pressure in the (powder cutting device). By this gas uniform introduction means, air can be gently introduced into the powder storage device for filling, and fluidization can be achieved with the minimum necessary amount, and thus, for example, low Brownian motion of the powder. Since the powder has high fluidity after fluidization, the powder can be discharged out of the filling powder storage device by transferring the pressure in the filling powder storage device slightly higher than the external pressure. Pneumatic transport can be smoothly performed in the path to the tip of the filling nozzle, and filling can be performed without extra stirring in the filling container.
[0030]
When fluidizing powder with gas, it is important to introduce the gas uniformly when introducing gas from outside the device instead of using only the gas of the powder storage device for filling. For example, it is particularly preferable to introduce the gas through a gas distribution means such as a sintered metal plate, a sintered resin plate, or a fine wire mesh. Control of the start and end when the fluidized powder is discharged and filled into the container can be performed by adjusting the pressure in the filling powder storage device. It can be performed by a pressure control valve provided in the apparatus, and can be assisted by an external pressurizing means or the like. Further, the pressure in the powder storage device for filling can be changed during the powder filling operation, and fine pressure adjustment can be performed to change the outflow state of the powder, for example, at the beginning and midway of the powder filling operation.
[0031]
As described above, the degree of pressurization in the present invention may be slightly higher than the normal pressure, and if it is pressurized too much, the trapping effect by the fine powder cloud staying in the container may be impaired. . Generally, the degree of pressurization is 2 to 1500 gauge hectopa, preferably 3 to 800 gauge hectopa, although it depends on the amount of fine powder cloud staying in the container and the filling mode of fluidized fine powder. Preferably it is 10-500 gauge hectopa. When the pressure is less than 2 gauge hectares, filling takes a long time.
[0032]
Further, the present invention can pressurize the filling powder storage device after fluidizing by shaking the sealed powder storage device filled with powder and gas, Pressurization can be performed by reducing the internal volume of the powder storage device for filling by external pressure, for example, by crushing to reduce the internal volume, discharging the powder out of the device, to the tip of the filling nozzle Transport pneumatically and fill the filling container. According to this method, an apparatus for fluidizing powder is unnecessary or at least can be miniaturized, and means for discharging can be omitted as much as possible. The powder storage device for filling may be of a size and weight that can be shaken by hand, and may be of a size and weight that can be easily vibrated or swung by pump power for introducing pressurized air. May be. The powder storage device for filling can be used as a single-use type simple filling machine by reducing the size and weighing the required amount in advance.
[0033]
Furthermore, in the present invention, by inserting an auxiliary nozzle into the container together with the filling nozzle, the floating dust air generated when filling the powder is sucked and removed, and the powder staying in the container is deaerated. As a result, the powder in a certain range can be filled with high density.
[0034]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[Device Example 1]
FIG. 1 shows an outline of an example of the apparatus of the present invention. The powder filling apparatus (1) of this example is a normally connected powder storage apparatus (10) for sealing, and connected for removably coupling to a lower flange (11) of the powder storage apparatus (10). Air vent perforated plate (3) (sintered metal plate, sintered resin plate, fine wire mesh, etc.) with flange (12) at the top to form a fluidized bed of powder is detachably stored And an air header (2) as a gas introducing means in which a compressed air pipe (14) is detachably fitted, a powder inlet with a closing valve (4), a pressure safety valve for releasing and sealing the internal pressure (5) A pressure control valve (6) for fine pressure adjustment, a stainless steel pipe as a fluidized powder transport pipe (7), and a detachable connection as a transfer path for fluidized powder to the filling nozzle. Take the urethane tube (13) and urethane tube (13) Stainless steel filling tube as detachably connected filling nozzle (8), composed of gas separation, airborne dust air separation is made of stainless steel capable dual pipe auxiliary nozzle by suction (30).
[0035]
The air header (2) has a slight pressure resistance so that the pressure inside the filling powder storage device (10) can be increased. The air header (2) is provided with a third pressure gauge (p3). It is done. The compressed air pipe (14) connected to the air header (2) is provided with a first pressure reducing valve (19), a second pressure reducing valve (18), and an air flow meter (20) in order, and the first pressure reducing valve (19). ) And the second pressure reducing valve (18), a first pressure gauge (p1) is provided, and a second pressure gauge (p2) is provided between the second pressure reducing valve (18) and the air flow meter (20). It has been. Further, as the powder filling container (9) in the powder filling apparatus of this example, a 500 ml measuring cylinder was used for measurement. Of course, however, a container such as a resin toner container is actually used. It can be preferably used.
[0036]
In the apparatus of this example, the powder to be filled is introduced into the filling powder storage device (10) from the powder inlet (4) with a closing valve, and the pressure safety valve for releasing and sealing the internal pressure. Leave (5) open. On the other hand, the operation of the pressure control valve (6) for fine pressure adjustment may be automated by human power or an electromagnetic valve. Thereafter, the pressure safety valve (5) of the powder inlet (4) is closed, and gas is introduced into the air header (2) which is a pressurized air reservoir as gas introduction means. This inflow of gas may be adjusted by the first pressure reducing valve (19) and the second pressure reducing valve (18) as a pressure adjusting valve and a flow rate adjusting valve, and the inflow continues while the apparatus is in operation.
[0037]
The introduced gas is uniformly dispersed in the powder by the vent porous plate (3) to fluidize the powder. The tip of the filling tube (8) as a filling nozzle connected to the powder transport tube (13) having an oblique or partial protrusion so that the tip does not adhere to the bottom surface of the powder container is the powder filling container (9). When the pressure safety valve (5) is closed, the powder is extruded from the filling powder storage device (10) into the powder transport pipe (13) with the pressure of the gas used for fluidization, and the tip is pushed. It is discharged into the powder filling container (9) from the tip of the filling tube (8) inserted into the powder filling container (9). An auxiliary nozzle (30) is inserted into the powder filling container (9) in parallel with the filling tube (8). FIG. 3 shows the positional relationship between the auxiliary nozzle (30) and the powder filling container (9).
[0038]
In the apparatus of this example, at the beginning of filling, particularly when the inside of the powder filling container (9) is completely empty, first, the pressure regulating valve (6 of the filling powder storage device (10) is used. ) To adjust the opening and closing degree of the powder, and conservatively the powder transfer speed from the powder storage device (10) for filling, and the inside of the powder filling container (9) of the filled fluid powder , Avoiding diffusion, and then the amount of fine powder cloud staying in the container (9) is increased to an extent that can substantially surround the fluidized powder stream discharged from the tip of the filling tube (8), The pressure control valve (6) can be opened further to continue the filling operation.
[0039]
The filling tube (8) may be placed above the filling port of the powder filling container (9) and automatically inserted into the powder filling container (9) after the powder filling container (9) is set. It may be inserted manually. Then, by opening the pressure safety valve (5), the internal pressure in the filling powder storage device (10), which has been transported, disappears, and the discharge of powder can be stopped.
[0040]
In order to quickly increase the internal pressure of the filling powder storage device (10), which is a driving force for powder transport, the filling powder storage device (10) is compressed separately from the compressed air inlet for flow. The air inlet may be provided at a position above the powder level of the fluidized powder.
The filling pipe (8) in the powder filling container (9) is a simple pipe or a part of the outer wall as a double pipe made of a fine metal screen of 3000 mesh or more and a sintered plastic plate for ventilation structure. By reducing the pressure between the outer walls by the air injection effect, the gas in the powder filled through the ventilation structure of the outer wall of the double pipe may be removed to further increase the powder density.
[0041]
On the other hand, the auxiliary nozzle (30) is also placed above the filling port of the powder filling container (9) and is automatically inserted into the powder filling container (9) after the powder filling container (9) is set. Alternatively, it may be inserted manually.
The auxiliary nozzle (30) sucks and removes suspended dust generated in the upper part of the powder filling container (9) during powder filling, and is surrounded by the powder retained in the powder filling container (9). As long as the gas in the powder can be removed by suction, the structure and the like can be arbitrarily set.
For this reason, as an example of the auxiliary nozzle (30), there is a hole of a certain diameter in the stainless tube, and the circumference is covered with a mesh of a certain diameter, and suction of floating dust with these two diameters. Examples thereof include those that can remove and absorb and remove the gas in the powder.
[0042]
FIG. 3 shows another example of an auxiliary nozzle (30) useful in the present invention. In this example, the central part of a long stainless steel inner pipe (31) having an outer diameter of 500 mm and an inner diameter of 4 mm is accommodated in a long stainless outer pipe (32) having an outer diameter of 7 mm and an inner diameter of 6 mm. Some are double-pipe. The inner tube (31) has its tip closed by a plug (33), and is surrounded by the powder retained in the container (9) as a gas separation means, and the volume average particle size of 0. A plurality of holes (31a) with a diameter of 2 .mu.m to 20 .mu.m and having a diameter such that filled toner having a particle size distribution is blocked in the toner for developing electrostatic latent images of 2 .mu.m to 20 .mu.m are provided. A gas suction port (31b) connected to a decompression device (not shown) is provided.
The outer tube (32) is closed at the tip thereof in contact with the inner tube (31), and is filled with floating dust gas separating means as described above in a place where floating dust tends to collect above the gas separating means 31a. A plurality of holes (32a) having a diameter of several μm are provided to prevent the toner from being blocked, and a gas suction port (32b) connected to a decompression device (not shown) is provided at the rear end.
[0043]
[Device Example 2]
FIG. 2 shows an outline of another example of the apparatus of the present invention. In the powder filling device (1) of this example, the filling powder storage device (10) made of a flexible material such as soft plastic, and the lower flange (11) of the filling powder storage device (10) And a connecting member (12) that is detachably coupled to the air, and an air-permeable perforated plate (3) (sintered metal plate, sintered resin plate, eye for forming a fluidized bed of powder) Air header (2) as a gas introduction means in which a compressed air pipe (14) is detachably fitted, a powder inlet with a closing valve (4), the inside Pressure relief valve (5) for pressure release and sealing, pressure regulation valve (6) for fine pressure regulation, stainless steel pipe as fluidized powder transport pipe (7), fluidized powder to the filling nozzle Urethane tube (1 that is detachably connected as a transfer path) ), With a stainless steel filling tube as filling nozzle connected freely attached removably to the urethane tube (13) (8), the auxiliary nozzle as a gas suction pipe (30).
[0044]
However, unlike the apparatus of Example 1, as a gas introduction means, a pump having a bellows structure (21) having a check valve (22) at the gas outlet and extending and contracting by a small electric motor (M) and sending air to the air header (2) ). The pump (21) is detachably fixed in the holding frame (24). When the pump (21) is expanded and contracted by the small electric motor (M), the filling powder storage device ( 10) is vibrated, and the powder in the powder storage device (10) for filling is fluidized with gas by this vibration.
[0045]
In the apparatus of this example, neither the filling powder storage device (10) nor the air header (2) need to be made of a thick material peculiar to the pressurized container, and further the weight reduction and miniaturization of the entire device are further promoted. For example, the power line plug (25) for the small electric motor (M) can be operated simply by being inserted into an outlet provided in the copying machine.
[0046]
[Device Example 3]
Furthermore, in the present invention, a gas is filled together with the powder, and the container is formed of a soft plastic such as polyethylene which is easily deformed manually by a sealed container with a single pipe connection port, and pressure is applied from the outside. The plastic container may be deformed to increase the internal pressure to obtain a urethane tube or the like connected to the pipe connection port and guide the powder to the bottom of the filling container. Or, at least two pipe connection ports are provided in a container such as hard plastic that does not deform, one is connected with compressed air of 0.2 Mpa or less, the other is a powder transport pipe, and the powder is passed through the tube. You may make it guide to a bottom part. As a source of compressed air, in addition to a normal compressor, a manual air pump such as a bicycle can be substituted.
[0047]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples.
(Example 1)
In order to produce the apparatus shown in FIG. 1, a powder storage apparatus (10) for storing and fluidizing powder is made of an acrylic resin cylinder having a diameter of 200 mm and a height of 500 mm. And placed between the upper and lower flanges and fastened with bolts. In the lower part of the cylinder, a sintered resin panel (trade name: filterlen) is sandwiched between the acrylic cylinder and the lower flange as a vent porous plate (3) forming a fluidized bed of powder. In order to maintain a homogeneous and stable flow state of the powder, a sintered resin plate (trade name: filterlen) was used. There are Gore-Tex and sintered metal plates as the perforated porous plate, but the air flow from the sintered resin plate filter was most uniform. The filterene was used as observed from the uniformity of the generation of bubbles aerated.
[0048]
The gas is not limited to air, but in Example 1, oil-free dry air having an atmospheric dew point of −10 ° C. was used, the pressure was reduced, and the air was supplied to the air reservoir below the sintered resin plate. The air flow rate was adjusted to allow 2 liters per minute using an air flow meter (20) (trade name: flow cell flow meter). As the powder, a color toner for a copying machine (center particle diameter: 6.8 microns, true specific gravity: 1.2, tapping bulk specific gravity: 0.48) was used.
The stainless steel flange on the top of the acrylic cylinder has an opening (4) for powder with a closing valve, and a manual pressure control valve (6) for controlling the internal pressure in the acrylic cylinder.
[0049]
Between the powder storage device for filling for fluidization (10) and the stainless steel pipe (7) inserted into the powder filling container (9) and the filling pipe (8) made of stainless steel and having a tip nozzle. Connected using a urethane tube (13) with an inner diameter of 6 mm, and a powder filling container (9) uses a transparent 500 milliliter graduated cylinder to know and measure the movement of the powder during filling. It was.
The height of the tip of the filling nozzle (8) was set to 0 at the bottom of the graduated cylinder as a container, and was supported so as to keep an arbitrary height in the range of 0.1 mm to 255 mm.
[0050]
A stainless steel auxiliary nozzle (30) was inserted into the powder filling container (9) in parallel with the filling nozzle (8). The inner tube (31) of the auxiliary nozzle (30) has an inner diameter of 4 mm, an outer diameter of 5 mm and a length of 600 mm, and the tip is closed by a plug (33). A large number of holes (31a) having a diameter of 0.2 μm are provided from the front end to 100 mm to form a gas separating means, and the rear end has a gas suction port (31b) connected to a suction device (not shown). Is formed.
The outer tube (32) of the auxiliary nozzle (30) has an inner diameter of 6 mm, an outer diameter of 8 mm and a length of 430 mm, and its tip is provided at a position 115 mm away from the tip of the inner tube (31). The tip of the tube (32) is in contact with the outer wall of the inner tube (31). This outer tube is provided with a number of holes (32a) having a diameter of 0.5 μm from the tip to 50 mm to form floating dust gas separating means, and the rear end is a gas connected to a suction device (not shown) A suction port (32b) is formed.
[0051]
At least suction from the floating dust air separating means (32b) is performed from the time when filling of the powder from the filling nozzle to the end of filling. The suction by the air separation means (31) is performed for a while after the filling of the powder from the filling nozzle (30) or after the filling is completed, or after the filling is finished without being performed during the powder filling. Do. Thereby, since the powder with which the container (9) was filled is deaerated well, high-density filling is achieved.
The fluid pressure is 10Kpa and 20Kpa for the gas pressure in the air reservoir, the inner diameter of the filling nozzle is 3mm and 6mm, the filling amount is 500cc (upper limit of the graduated cylinder), the filling nozzle (8) and the auxiliary nozzle ( It was made possible to calculate the apparent specific gravity after filling from the filling weight after removing 30).
For dust measurement, a digital dust indicator P-5 manufactured by Shibata Science Technology was used. In addition, the dust count number before the filling start was 14 counts per minute.
[0052]
The discharge of the powder from the fluid container to the 500 cc graduated cylinder is performed by the filling powder storage device (10) for fluidization while the compressed air is passed through the air header (2) to which the compressed air pipe (14) is connected. When the pressure control valve (6) for manually opening and closing the upper flange (12) is closed, the pressure in the fluidizing device (10) increases, and the fluidized powder in the fluidizing device (10) is fluidized by the fluidizing device (10). ) Through the nozzle-like stainless steel pipe (7), urethane tube (13), and stainless steel nozzle (8) in the filling container (9) and discharged to the bottom of the filling container (9).
[0053]
In order to examine the dust scattering state, a blank sheet was placed on the back side of the filling port and observed visually. When the auxiliary nozzle was not used, it was confirmed that the toner was scattered in a floating state from the container mouth, whereas when the filling nozzle position was supported 30 mm from the bottom of the container and the toner was filled, the toner was The toner floating and scattering from the container mouth were reduced.
[0054]
The toner is sucked by the floating dust / air separation means, and the toner does not float or scatter from the container port.
Even after 200 toner-filled bottle products were filled, there was no generation of surrounding stains due to toner scattering.
On the other hand, the filling container (9) was filled with powder at the same time as described above except that the auxiliary nozzle was provided. Here, the tip position of the auxiliary nozzle was made the same as the tip position of the filling nozzle (8), and suction by the floating dust air separation means was performed simultaneously with the discharge of the powder from the filling nozzle (8). As a result, the same bulk specific gravity was obtained, and the dust concentration was almost constant over time.
[0055]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, as is clear from the detailed and specific description, according to the present invention, a gas is uniformly introduced into the powder to obtain a flow state of the powder controlled with a minimum amount of gas. Flowing powder flows in while removing suspended dust in the back or bottom of a complex-shaped filling container, and it is easily degassed from the powder after filling by a layer of powder between the filling nozzle and the container opening in the container. It can provide a high-density, dust-free filling method and can provide a filling machine that is small, portable and easy to operate so that anyone can fill it anywhere. There is an effect.
In addition, conventionally, when toner is filled into a container, the dust is prevented from flying by installing a dust collecting hose in the vicinity of the container opening by using an additional dust collector to float and scatter toner from the container opening. However, according to the present invention, the floating dust / air separation means (upper part) eliminates the floating and scattering of the toner, so there is no need to install an additional dust collector or the like, the device structure is simple, and the device cost can be controlled. A significant effect is brought about.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of a powder fluidizing apparatus in the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing another example of the powder fluidizing apparatus in the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing an example of an auxiliary nozzle used in the powder fluidizer according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Powder filling equipment
2 Air header
3 Vented perforated plate
4 Powder inlet with closing valve
5 Pressure relief valve
5a On-off valve
6 Pressure control valve
7 Fluid powder transport pipe
8 Filling tube
9 Container for powder filling
10 Powder storage device for filling
11 Lower flange
12 Flange for connection
13 Urethane tube
14 Compressed air piping
18 Second pressure reducing valve
19 First pressure reducing valve
20 Air flow meter
21 Pump
22 Check valve
24 Holding frame
25 Power line plug
30 Auxiliary nozzle
31 Inner pipe
31a hole (gas separation means)
31b Gas suction port
32 Outer pipe
32a hole (floating dust gas separation means)
32b Gas suction port
33 stoppers
M Small electric motor
p1 first pressure gauge
p2 Second pressure gauge
p3 Third pressure gauge
p4 4th pressure gauge

Claims (17)

粉体を容器に充填する方法において、粉体充填容器内に充填ノズルとともに、下方に気体分離手段及び該気体分離手段の上方に浮遊粉塵気体分離手段を有する補助ノズルを挿入し、気体により流動化された粉体を該容器内に吐出して充填する該充填ノズルの吐出開口部が、該容器内に滞留せる該粉体により囲繞された状態で該粉体を該容器内に充填し、この粉体の充填が行なわれている間は該補助ノズルの浮遊粉塵気体分離手段によって、該充填操作で該容器内上方に生じた浮遊粉塵気体を吸引除去し、及び、この粉体の充填が行なわれている間又は充填終了後に、該補助ノズルの気体分離手段によって、該気体分離手段が該容器内に滞留した該粉体により囲繞された状態で該粉体中の気体を吸引して、該充填された粉体の密度を高めることを特徴とする粉体の充填方法。In a method for filling powder into a container, a gas separation means and an auxiliary nozzle having floating dust gas separation means above the gas separation means are inserted into the powder filling container and fluidized by gas. The powder is filled in the container in a state in which the discharge opening of the filling nozzle for discharging and filling the powder into the container is surrounded by the powder staying in the container. While the powder is being filled, the floating dust gas separating means of the auxiliary nozzle sucks and removes the floating dust gas generated in the upper part of the container by the filling operation, and the powder is filled. Or after completion of filling, the gas separation means of the auxiliary nozzle sucks the gas in the powder while the gas separation means is surrounded by the powder retained in the container, Increasing the density of filled powder Filling method of the powder, it characterized. 充填用粉体及び気体を収納せる密閉構造の充填用粉体収納装置中の該粉体を気体により流動化した後、該流動化された粉体を該充填用粉体収納装置から前記充填ノズルまで移送することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の粉体充填方法。After the powder in the sealed powder storage device having a sealed structure for storing the powder and gas for filling is fluidized with gas, the fluidized powder is transferred from the powder storage device to the filling nozzle. The powder filling method according to claim 1, wherein the powder filling method is performed. 前記充填用粉体収納装置内への追加気体の導入により、前記粉体の流動化が行なわれることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の充填方法。3. The filling method according to claim 2, wherein the powder is fluidized by introducing an additional gas into the filling powder storage device. 前記充填用粉体収納装置が振動されることにより、前記気体による粉体の流動化が行なわれることを特徴とする請求項2又は3に記載の粉体充填方法。The powder filling method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the powder is fluidized by the gas when the filling powder container is vibrated. 前記粉体の前記充填用粉体収納装置から前記充填ノズルまで移送が、前記充填用粉体収納装置内の圧力を昇圧することにより行なわれることを特徴とする請求項2〜4のいずれかに記載の粉体充填方法。The transfer of the powder from the powder storage device for filling to the filling nozzle is performed by increasing the pressure in the powder storage device for filling. The powder filling method as described. 前記粉体の前記充填用粉体収納装置から前記充填ノズルまでの移送が、該充填用粉体収納装置に外部圧力を加えて該充填用粉体収納装置の内容積を減容させることにより行なわれることを特徴とする請求項2〜5のいずれかに記載の粉体充填方法。Transfer of the powder from the filling powder storage device to the filling nozzle is performed by applying an external pressure to the filling powder storage device to reduce the internal volume of the filling powder storage device. The powder filling method according to claim 2, wherein the powder filling method is performed. 前記粉体が、平均体積粒径0.2μm〜20μmの静電潜像現像用トナーであることを特徴とする請求項2〜6のいずれかに記載の粉体充填方法。The powder filling method according to claim 2, wherein the powder is an electrostatic latent image developing toner having an average volume particle diameter of 0.2 μm to 20 μm. 少なくとも粉体充填用容器内に滞留せる流動化された粉体により吐出開口部が囲繞される位置に挿入される充填ノズル、該滞留せる流動化された粉体により囲繞される位置に気体分離手段及び該気体分離手段の上方に浮遊粉塵気体分離手段を有する補助ノズル、粉体流動化のための気体導入手段、及び、密閉可能な充填用粉体収納装置を具備し、流動化された粉体の移送路を該充填ノズルと充填用粉体収納装置との間に設けたことを特徴とする粉体充填装置。At least a filling nozzle inserted in a position where the discharge opening is surrounded by the fluidized powder retained in the powder filling container, and a gas separating means in a position surrounded by the retained fluidized powder And an auxiliary nozzle having floating dust gas separation means above the gas separation means, a gas introduction means for powder fluidization, and a powder storage device for filling that can be sealed, and fluidized powder A powder filling apparatus characterized in that a transfer path is provided between the filling nozzle and the powder storage device for filling. 更に内部圧力の圧力調節弁を前記充填用粉体収納装置に設けたことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の粉体充填装置。9. The powder filling apparatus according to claim 8, further comprising a pressure control valve for internal pressure provided in the powder storage apparatus for filling. 前記粉体流動化のための気体導入手段が、気体を前記充填用粉体収納装置に送出可能に収納せる圧力容器であることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の粉体充填装置。9. The powder filling apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the gas introduction means for fluidizing the powder is a pressure container that stores gas in the powder storage apparatus for filling so that the gas can be sent out. 前記粉体流動化のための気体導入手段が、逆止弁付きの送気ポンプであることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の粉体充填装置。The powder filling apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the gas introduction means for fluidizing the powder is an air supply pump with a check valve. 前記充填用粉体収納装置が、更に前記粉体流動化のための気体導入手段との間に、更に気体を該充填用粉体収納装置内に均一に導入するための気体分配手段を有することを特徴とする請求項8〜11のいずれかに記載の粉体充填装置。The filling powder storage device further includes gas distribution means for uniformly introducing gas into the filling powder storage device between the gas introduction means for fluidizing the powder. The powder filling apparatus according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein: 更に内部圧力の開放及び密封のための圧力安全弁を前記充填用粉体収納装置に設けたことを特徴とする請求項8〜12のいずれかに記載の粉体充填装置。The powder filling apparatus according to any one of claims 8 to 12, further comprising a pressure safety valve for releasing and sealing the internal pressure provided in the powder storage apparatus for filling. 前記充填用粉体収納装置の内部圧力が、外部圧力を加えて該充填用粉体収納装置を変形し該充填用粉体収納装置の内容積を減容させる装置変形手段により昇圧されて粉体が該充填用粉体収納装置外に流出することを特徴とする請求項8〜13のいずれかに記載の粉体充填装置。The internal pressure of the powder storage device for filling is increased by the device deformation means for deforming the powder storage device by applying an external pressure to reduce the internal volume of the powder storage device, thereby increasing the powder. The powder filling device according to any one of claims 8 to 13, wherein the powder flows out of the powder storage device for filling. 更に前記充填用粉体収納装置を振動させる振動手段が、該充填用粉体装置に設けられたことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の粉体充填装置。9. The powder filling apparatus according to claim 8, further comprising vibration means for vibrating the filling powder storage apparatus provided in the filling powder apparatus. 前記充填用粉体収納装置を振動させる振動手段が、前記送気ポンプの動力源により振動させられることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の粉体充填装置。12. The powder filling apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the vibration means for vibrating the powder storage apparatus for filling is vibrated by a power source of the air supply pump. 前記粉体が、平均体積粒径0.2μm〜20μmの静電潜像現像用トナーであることを特徴とする請求項8乃至請求項16のいずれかに記載の粉体充填装置。17. The powder filling apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the powder is an electrostatic latent image developing toner having an average volume particle size of 0.2 μm to 20 μm.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009063418A (en) * 2007-09-06 2009-03-26 Ihi Corp Glass pulverizing and filling equipment
CN117048883A (en) * 2023-09-08 2023-11-14 无锡市开维物流装备有限责任公司 Powder blanking device and packagine machine

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009063418A (en) * 2007-09-06 2009-03-26 Ihi Corp Glass pulverizing and filling equipment
CN117048883A (en) * 2023-09-08 2023-11-14 无锡市开维物流装备有限责任公司 Powder blanking device and packagine machine

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