JP2005023260A - Electrical/electronic component - Google Patents
Electrical/electronic component Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2005023260A JP2005023260A JP2003192508A JP2003192508A JP2005023260A JP 2005023260 A JP2005023260 A JP 2005023260A JP 2003192508 A JP2003192508 A JP 2003192508A JP 2003192508 A JP2003192508 A JP 2003192508A JP 2005023260 A JP2005023260 A JP 2005023260A
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- resin
- parts
- derived
- weight
- acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 137
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 137
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000012766 organic filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010893 paper waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 16
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
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- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
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- 239000012796 inorganic flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 19
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 16
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 15
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- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 11
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1 ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 8
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 8
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 7
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol Chemical class C1=CC(O)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000001718 carbodiimides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical group OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- ZQKXQUJXLSSJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine cyanurate Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1.O=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)N1 ZQKXQUJXLSSJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical group COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 description 4
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- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004018 acid anhydride group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 4
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
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- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
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- APOXBWCRUPJDAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2,6-dimethylphenyl) hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1OP(O)(=O)OC1=C(C)C=CC=C1C APOXBWCRUPJDAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical group CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007809 chemical reaction catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 150000002009 diols Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
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- LOGTZDQTPQYKEN-HZJYTTRNSA-N oxiran-2-ylmethyl (9z,12z)-octadeca-9,12-dienoate Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC1CO1 LOGTZDQTPQYKEN-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJVUKRJWTDCMSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxiran-2-ylmethyl 4-methylbenzoate Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1C(=O)OCC1OC1 SJVUKRJWTDCMSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BEJZOPYRAQVYHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxiran-2-ylmethyl cyclohexanecarboxylate Chemical compound C1CCCCC1C(=O)OCC1CO1 BEJZOPYRAQVYHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PTLZMJYQEBOHHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxiran-2-ylmethyl dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC1CO1 PTLZMJYQEBOHHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KYVUJPJYTYQNGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxiran-2-ylmethyl hexadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC1CO1 KYVUJPJYTYQNGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YALCCRLYDDPUAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxirane;2-(phenoxymethyl)oxirane Chemical compound C1CO1.C1OC1COC1=CC=CC=C1 YALCCRLYDDPUAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LPNBBFKOUUSUDB-UHFFFAOYSA-M p-toluate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 LPNBBFKOUUSUDB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- RKHQZMOCQHXUBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol;potassium Chemical compound [K].OC1=CC=CC=C1 RKHQZMOCQHXUBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- RMNODSGCFHVNDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl bis(2-propan-2-ylphenyl) phosphate Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C(C)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RMNODSGCFHVNDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XZTOTRSSGPPNTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphono dihydrogen phosphate;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1.OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O XZTOTRSSGPPNTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XFZRQAZGUOTJCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 XFZRQAZGUOTJCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVJYHZQHDMNONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 QVJYHZQHDMNONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical class OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005498 phthalate group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004885 piperazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004854 plant resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000765 poly(2-oxazolines) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005014 poly(hydroxyalkanoate) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001083 polybutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001601 polyetherimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000921 polyethylene adipate Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000166 polytrimethylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003225 polyurethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FRMWBRPWYBNAFB-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium salicylate Chemical compound [K+].OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O FRMWBRPWYBNAFB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960003629 potassium salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PYJBVGYZXWPIKK-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;tetradecanoate Chemical compound [K+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O PYJBVGYZXWPIKK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BPJZKLBPJBMLQG-KWRJMZDGSA-N propanoyl (z,12r)-12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC(=O)CC BPJZKLBPJBMLQG-KWRJMZDGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000380 propiolactone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- KIDHWZJUCRJVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N putrescine Chemical compound NCCCCN KIDHWZJUCRJVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MWVKGSABHBJPOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound NC1=CC(N)=NC(N)=C1 MWVKGSABHBJPOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003222 pyridines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007151 ring opening polymerisation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003329 sebacic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanamine Chemical compound [SiH3]N FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BTURAGWYSMTVOW-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dodecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O BTURAGWYSMTVOW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940082004 sodium laurate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940045845 sodium myristate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960004025 sodium salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KVCGISUBCHHTDD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 KVCGISUBCHHTDD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XTIVBOWLUYDHKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;cyclohexanecarboxylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1CCCCC1 XTIVBOWLUYDHKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JUQGWKYSEXPRGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;tetradecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O JUQGWKYSEXPRGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010356 sorbitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940037312 stearamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940114926 stearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000018 strontium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UUCCCPNEFXQJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Sr+2] UUCCCPNEFXQJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001866 strontium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RXSHXLOMRZJCLB-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium;diacetate Chemical compound [Sr+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O RXSHXLOMRZJCLB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000468 styrene butadiene styrene block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000003011 styrenyl group Chemical group [H]\C(*)=C(/[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ARERIMFZYPFJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabromodiphenyl ethers Chemical compound C1=CC(Br)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(Br)C(Br)=C1Br ARERIMFZYPFJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRMUNVKIHCOMHV-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC JRMUNVKIHCOMHV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RKHXQBLJXBGEKF-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylphosphanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCC[P+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC RKHXQBLJXBGEKF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- AUHHYELHRWCWEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachlorophthalic anhydride Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1Cl AUHHYELHRWCWEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YMBCJWGVCUEGHA-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC YMBCJWGVCUEGHA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZTXFOCMYRCGSMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylphosphanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].C[P+](C)(C)C ZTXFOCMYRCGSMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BRKFQVAOMSWFDU-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraphenylphosphanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].C1=CC=CC=C1[P+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 BRKFQVAOMSWFDU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000009283 thermal hydrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- LLZRNZOLAXHGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanic acid Chemical compound O[Ti](O)(O)O LLZRNZOLAXHGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- LDGFRUUNCRYSQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N triazin-4-ylmethanediamine Chemical compound NC(N)C1=CC=NN=N1 LDGFRUUNCRYSQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TUQOTMZNTHZOKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylphosphine Chemical compound CCCCP(CCCC)CCCC TUQOTMZNTHZOKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WEAPVABOECTMGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl 2-acetyloxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(C(=O)OCC)(OC(C)=O)CC(=O)OCC WEAPVABOECTMGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RXJKFRMDXUJTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylphosphine Chemical compound CCP(CC)CC RXJKFRMDXUJTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triformin Chemical compound O=COCC(OC=O)COC=O UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RMZAYIKUYWXQPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioctylphosphane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCP(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC RMZAYIKUYWXQPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FIQMHBFVRAXMOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphane oxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 FIQMHBFVRAXMOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KOWVWXQNQNCRRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2,4-dimethylphenyl) phosphate Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC(C)=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=C(C)C=C1C KOWVWXQNQNCRRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GTRSAMFYSUBAGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-chloropropyl) phosphate Chemical compound CC(Cl)COP(=O)(OCC(C)Cl)OCC(C)Cl GTRSAMFYSUBAGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QEEHNBQLHFJCOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-phenylphenyl) phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=1OP(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 QEEHNBQLHFJCOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LIPMRGQQBZJCTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-propan-2-ylphenyl) phosphate Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C(C)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C(C)C LIPMRGQQBZJCTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BHYQWBKCXBXPKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris[3-bromo-2,2-bis(bromomethyl)propyl] phosphate Chemical compound BrCC(CBr)(CBr)COP(=O)(OCC(CBr)(CBr)CBr)OCC(CBr)(CBr)CBr BHYQWBKCXBXPKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- NSBGJRFJIJFMGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium;stiborate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-][Sb]([O-])([O-])=O NSBGJRFJIJFMGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- CMPGARWFYBADJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L tungstic acid Chemical compound O[W](O)(=O)=O CMPGARWFYBADJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940116269 uric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940070710 valerate Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010698 whale oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004876 x-ray fluorescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2] UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910021511 zinc hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940007718 zinc hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BNEMLSQAJOPTGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;dioxido(oxo)tin Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][Sn]([O-])=O BNEMLSQAJOPTGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BHTBHKFULNTCHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc;tin(4+);hexahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2].[Sn+4] BHTBHKFULNTCHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003755 zirconium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
- Structures Or Materials For Encapsulating Or Coating Semiconductor Devices Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、成形性、機械特性、耐熱性、耐久性、外観に優れ、好ましい態様においては、難燃性、電気特性に優れる電気・電子部品に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、石油等の化石資源の枯渇の問題がクローズアップされ、特にプラスチック材料としては、植物資源由来の樹脂からなるバイオポリマーが注目されている。
【0003】
これらの中でも、ポリ乳酸樹脂は、モノマーである乳酸が、とうもろこしやさつまいもなどの植物資源から微生物を利用した発酵法により安価に製造され、融点も約170℃と高く、溶融成形可能なバイオポリマーとして期待されている。
【0004】
その利用法の一つとして、ポリプロピレンやABSなどの化石資源を原料としたプラスチックが使用されている電気・電子部品に使用することが望まれている。特許文献1には、ポリ乳酸樹脂を筐体などの電気部品として利用することが記載されているが、ポリ乳酸樹脂の結晶化特性が不十分であるために耐熱性が不足しており、また外観にも問題があった。さらに、電気・電子部品として広く用いるために、耐熱性や外観に加え、難燃性を有する電気・電子部品が強く求められている。
【0005】
【特許文献1】
特開2003−128900号公報(第2〜8頁)
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、上述した従来技術における問題点の解決を課題として検討した結果、達成されたものである。すなわち、植物資源由来の樹脂と天然由来の有機充填剤を配合してなる樹脂組成物を成形してなる電気・電子部品が、従来の植物資源由来の樹脂の問題点を改良し、成形性、機械特性、耐熱性、耐久性、外観に優れ、好ましい態様においては、難燃性、電気特性に優れる電気・電子部品となることを見出し、これを提供するものである。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは上記問題点を解決するために鋭意研究を重ねた結果、本発明に到達した。
【0008】
すなわち本発明は、
(A)植物資源由来の樹脂100重量部に対して、(B)天然由来の有機充填剤1〜350重量部を配合してなる樹脂組成物を成形してなる電気・電子部品、
(A)植物資源由来の樹脂が、ポリ乳酸樹脂である上記記載の電気・電子部品、
(B)天然由来の有機充填材が、紙粉、木粉またはケナフ繊維から選ばれる少なくとも一種である上記記載の電気・電子部品、
(B)天然由来の有機充填剤の50重量%以上が古紙粉末である上記記載の電気・電子部品、
樹脂組成物が、(A)植物資源由来の樹脂100重量部に対して、さらに(C)カルボキシル末端反応性末端封鎖剤を0.01〜10重量部配合してなるものである上記記載の電気・電子部品、
樹脂組成物が、(A)植物資源由来の樹脂100重量部に対して、さらに(D)結晶化促進剤を0.01〜30重量部を配合してなるものである上記記載の電気・電子部品、
樹脂組成物が、(A)植物資源由来の樹脂100重量部に対して、さらに(E)植物資源由来の樹脂以外の脂肪族ポリエステル樹脂及び/または脂肪族芳香族ポリエステル樹脂1〜200重量部を配合してなるものである上記記載の電気・電子部品、
樹脂組成物が、(A)植物資源由来の樹脂100重量部に対して、さらに(F)耐衝撃改良剤を1〜100重量部を配合してなるものである上記記載の電気・電子部品、
樹脂組成物が、(A)植物資源由来の樹脂100重量部に対して、さらに(G)無機充填剤を1〜100重量部を配合してなるものである上記記載の電気・電子部品、
樹脂組成物が、(A)植物資源由来の樹脂100重量部に対して、さらに(H)難燃剤を0.01〜100重量部配合してなるものである上記記載の電気・電子部品、
(H)難燃剤が、リン系難燃剤、窒素化合物系難燃剤、シリコーン系難燃剤およびその他の無機系難燃剤から選ばれる少なくとも一種以上である上記記載の電気・電子部品、
植物資源由来の樹脂がポリ乳酸樹脂であり、ポリ乳酸樹脂由来の降温時の結晶化温度(Tc)が100℃以上である上記記載の電気・電子部品、
植物資源由来の樹脂がポリ乳酸樹脂であり、ポリ乳酸樹脂由来の結晶融解エンタルピー(ΔHm)と昇温時の結晶化エンタルピー(ΔHcc)から求められる相対結晶化度[{(ΔHm−ΔHcc)/ΔHm}×100]が、93%以上である上記記載の電気・電子部品、
紙粉が、アルミニウム、ケイ素、カルシウムを含むものである上記記載の電気・電子部品、
紙粉が、アルミニウム、ケイ素、カルシウム、硫黄を含むものである上記記載の電気・電子部品、
電気・電子部品が、筐体である上記記載の電気・電子部品、
である。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明に用いられる(A)植物資源由来の樹脂とは、溶融成形可能であり、樹脂を形成するモノマー単位の一部または全部が、トウモロコシ、サツマイモ、サトウキビ、木材などの植物資源から作られるものであれば特に制限されるものでない。植物資源由来の樹脂は、例えばポリヒドロキシブチレートなどのように、グルコースから微生物などにより直接植物資源から作られるものでもよく(このような例としては、植物資源であるグルコースから微生物を用いて得られるポリヒドロキシブチレートなどが挙げられる。)、一旦モノマーが作られた後、モノマーの重合により作られるものでもよい(このような例としては、グルコースから微生物により乳酸を得、それを重合することにより得られるポリ乳酸などが挙げられる。)。これら植物資源から得られるモノマー単位の具体例としては、乳酸単位、グリコール酸単位、ヒドロキシブタン酸単位などのヒドロキシカルボン酸単位、ブタンジオールなどのジオール単位、コハク酸などのジカルボン酸単位、グルコース単位などが挙げられる。モノマー単位が光学活性炭素を有するものについては、通常モノマー単位の光学純度は高くなる。植物資源由来の樹脂の具体例としては、ポリ乳酸樹脂、ポリグリコール酸樹脂、ポリヒドロキシブチレート樹脂などのポリヒドロキシアルカノエート樹脂、セルロースエステル樹脂、ポリプロピレンテレフタレート樹脂、ポリブチレンサクシネート樹脂などを挙げることができるが、耐熱性の点からポリ乳酸樹脂が特に好ましい。
【0010】
植物資源由来の樹脂は、一種で用いてもいいし、ニ種以上併用してもいいが、ニ種以上併用する場合には、ポリ乳酸樹脂とその他の植物資源由来の樹脂を併用することが好ましく、ポリ乳酸樹脂100重量部に対して、その他の植物資源由来の樹脂を1〜200重量部用いることが好ましく、10〜100重量部用いることがさらに好ましい。
【0011】
本発明に用いられるポリ乳酸樹脂とは、L−乳酸及び/またはD−乳酸を主たる構成成分とするポリマーであるが、乳酸以外の他の共重合成分を含んでいてもよい。他のモノマー単位としては、エチレングリコール、ブロピレングリコール、ブタンジオール、ヘプタンジオール、ヘキサンジオール、オクタンジオール、ノナンジオ−ル、デカンジオール、1,4−シクロヘキサンジメタノ−ル、ネオペンチルグリコール、グリセリン、ペンタエリスリトール、ビスフェノ−ルA、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコールおよびポリテトラメチレングリコールなどのグリコール化合物、シュウ酸、アジピン酸、セバシン酸、アゼライン酸、ドデカンジオン酸、マロン酸、グルタル酸、シクロヘキサンジカルボン酸、テレフタル酸、イソフタル酸、フタル酸、ナフタレンジカルボン酸、ビス(p−カルボキシフェニル)メタン、アントラセンジカルボン酸、4,4´−ジフェニルエーテルジカルボン酸、5−ナトリウムスルホイソフタル酸、5−テトラブチルホスホニウムイソフタル酸などのジカルボン酸、グリコール酸、ヒドロキシプロピオン酸、ヒドロキシ酪酸、ヒドロキシ吉草酸、ヒドロキシカプロン酸、ヒドロキシ安息香酸などのヒドロキシカルボン酸、およびカプロラクトン、バレロラクトン、プロピオラクトン、ウンデカラクトン、1,5−オキセパン−2−オンなどのラクトン類を挙げることができる。このような共重合成分は、全単量体成分中、通常0〜30モル%の含有量とするのが好ましく、0〜10モル%であることが好ましい。
【0012】
本発明においては、耐熱性の点から、乳酸成分の光学純度が高いポリ乳酸樹脂を用いることが好ましい。すなわち、ポリ乳酸樹脂の総乳酸成分の内、L体が70%以上含まれるかあるいはD体が70%以上含まれることが好ましく、L体が80%以上含まれるかあるいはD体が80%以上含まれることが特に好ましく、L体が90%以上含まれるかあるいはD体が90%以上含まれることが更に好ましく、L体が98%以上含まれるかあるいはD体が98%以上含まれることが更に好ましく、L体が99%以上含まれるかあるいはD体が99%以上含まれることが更に好ましい。また、L体またはD体の含有量の上限は通常100%以下である。
【0013】
ポリ乳酸樹脂の製造方法としては、公知の重合方法を用いることができ、乳酸からの直接重合法、およびラクチドを介する開環重合法などを挙げることができる。
【0014】
ポリ乳酸樹脂の分子量や分子量分布については、実質的に成形加工が可能であれば、特に制限されるものではないが、重量平均分子量としては、通常1万以上、好ましくは4万以上、さらに8万以上であることが望ましい。ここでいう重量平均分子量とは、ゲルパーミテーションクロマトグラフィーで測定したポリメチルメタクリレート(PMMA)換算の分子量をいう。
【0015】
ポリ乳酸樹脂の融点は、特に制限されるものではないが、120℃以上であることが好ましく、さらに150℃以上であることが好ましく、特に160℃以上であることが好ましい。ポリ乳酸樹脂の融点は、通常乳酸成分の光学純度を高くすることにより高くなり、融点が120℃以上のポリ乳酸樹脂は、L体が90%以上含まれるかあるいはD体が90%以上含まれることにより、また融点が150℃以上のポリ乳酸樹脂は、L体が95%以上含まれるかあるいはD体が95%以上含まれることにより、得ることができる。
【0016】
本発明で用いる(B)天然由来の有機充填剤としては、天然物に由来するものであり、好ましくはセルロースを含むものであって、特に制限されるものではない。
【0017】
天然由来の有機充填剤の具体例としては、籾殻、木材チップ、おから、古紙粉砕材、衣料粉砕材などのチップ状のもの、綿繊維、麻繊維、竹繊維、木材繊維、ケナフ繊維、ジュート繊維、バナナ繊維、ココナッツ繊維などの植物繊維もしくはこれらの植物繊維から加工されたパルプやセルロース繊維および絹、羊毛、アンゴラ、カシミヤ、ラクダなどの動物繊維などの繊維状のもの、紙粉、木粉、竹粉、セルロース粉末、籾殻粉末、果実殻粉末、キチン粉末、キトサン粉末、タンパク質、澱粉などの粉末状のものが挙げられ、成形性の観点から、紙粉、木粉、竹粉、セルロース粉末、籾殻粉末、果実殻粉末、キチン粉末、キトサン粉末、タンパク質粉末、澱粉などの粉末状のもの、麻繊維、ケナフ繊維、ジュート繊維が好ましく、紙粉、木粉、竹粉、セルロース粉末、ケナフ繊維がより好ましく、紙粉、木粉、ケナフ繊維がさらに好ましく、紙粉が特に好ましい。また、これらの天然由来の有機充填剤は、天然物から直接採取したものを用いてもよいが、地球環境の保護や資源保全の観点から、古紙、廃木材および古衣などの廃材をリサイクルして用いてもよい。
【0018】
古紙とは、新聞紙、雑誌、その他の再生パルプ、もしくは、段ボール、ボール紙、紙管などの板紙であり、植物繊維を原料として加工されたものであれば、いずれを用いてもよいが、成形性の観点から、新聞紙および段ボール、ボール紙、紙管などの板紙の粉砕品が好ましい。
【0019】
また、木粉に使用される木材の具体例としては、松、杉、檜、もみ等の針葉樹材、ブナ、シイ、ユーカリなどの広葉樹材などがあり、その種類は問わない。
【0020】
紙粉としては、特に限定されるものではないが、成形性の観点から、接着剤を含むことが好ましい。接着剤としては、紙を加工する際に通常使用されるものであれば特に限定されるものではなく、酢酸ビニル樹脂系エマルジョンやアクリル樹脂系エマルジョンなどのエマルジョン系接着剤、ポリビニルアルコール系接着剤、セルロース系接着剤、天然ゴム系接着剤、澱粉糊およびエチレン酢酸ビニル共重合樹脂系接着剤やポリアミド系接着剤などのホットメルト接着剤などを挙げることができ、エマルジョン系接着剤、ポリビニルアルコール系接着剤およびホットメルト接着剤が好ましく、エマルジョン系接着剤およびポリビニルアルコール系接着剤がより好ましい。なお、これらの接着剤は、紙加工剤用のバインダーなどとしても使用されるものである。また、接着剤には、クレイ、ベントナイト、タルク、カオリン、モンモリロナイト、マイカ、合成マイカ、ゼオライト、シリカ、グラファイト、カーボンブラック、酸化マグネシウム、酸化カルシウム、酸化チタン、硫化カルシウム、炭酸マグネシウム、炭酸カルシウム、炭酸バリウム、硫酸バリウム、酸化アルミニウムおよび酸化ネオジウムなどの無機充填剤が含まれていることが好ましく、クレイ、ベントナイト、タルク、カオリン、モンモリロナイト、合成マイカおよびシリカがより好ましい。
【0021】
また、紙粉としては、成形性の観点から、灰分が5重量%以上であることが好ましく、5.5重量%以上であることがより好ましく、8重量%以上であることがさらに好ましい。上限については、特に限定されるものではないが、60重量%以下が好ましく、30重量%以下がより好ましい。ここで、灰分とは、電気炉などを用いて450℃以上の高温で8時間有機充填剤を焼成した時の残存する灰分の重量の焼成前の紙粉の重量に対する割合である。
【0022】
また、紙粉としては、紙粉中に5〜20重量%の無機化合物を含有するものが好ましく、無機化合物の元素としてアルミニウム、ケイ素、カルシウムを含有するものがより好ましく、アルミニウム、ケイ素、カルシウム、硫黄を含有するものがさらに好ましく、アルミニウム、ケイ素、カルシウム、硫黄、マグネシウムを含有するものが特に好ましく、さらにアルミニウムの含有量がマグネシウムの含有量の2倍以上のものが特に好ましい。
【0023】
アルミニウム、ケイ素、カルシウム、硫黄、マグネシウムの存在量比としては、特に限定されるものではないが、例えば、上記元素の総数を100とした場合、アルミニウムが1〜60モル%、ケイ素が20〜90モル%、カルシウムが1〜30モル%、硫黄が1〜20モル%、マグネシウムが0〜20モル%であることが好ましく、アルミニウムが10〜55モル%、ケイ素が20〜85モル%、カルシウムが1〜25モル%、硫黄が1〜15モル%、マグネシウムが0〜10モル%であることがより好ましく、アルミニウムが20〜50モル%、ケイ素が25〜80モル%、カルシウムが3〜20モル%、硫黄が2〜10モル%、マグネシウムが0〜8モル%であることがさらに好ましい。これらの元素分析については、天然由来の有機充填剤の単体、天然由来の有機充填剤の灰分のいずれを用いても測定することができるが、本発明においては灰分を用いる。なお、元素分析は、蛍光X線分析、原子吸光法、走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)もしくは透過型電子顕微鏡(TEM)とエネルギー分散形X線マイクロアナライザー(XMA)を組み合わせた装置を用いることにより、測定することができるが、本発明においては蛍光X線分析を用いる。
【0024】
また、紙粉としては、成形性の観点から、表面上に微粒子が付着するセルロースを含むことが好ましい。微粒子とは、特に限定されるものではなく、前述したような接着剤に含まれる無機充填剤であってもよいし、有機物もしくはその他の無機物のいずれであってもよいが、粒子がケイ素とアルミニウムを含有するものが好ましい。微粒子の形状は、針状、板状、球状のいずれでもよい。微粒子のサイズは、特に限定されるものではないが、0.1〜5000nmの範囲に分布していることが好ましく、0.3〜1000nmの範囲に分布していることがより好ましく、0.5〜500nmの範囲に分布していることがさらに好ましく、1〜100nmの範囲に分布していることが特に好ましく、1〜80nmの範囲に分布していることが最も好ましい。なお、ここで特定の範囲に「分布している」とは、微粒子総数の80%以上が特定の範囲に含まれることを意味する。微粒子の付着形態は、凝集状態もしくは分散状態のいずれでもよいが、分散状態で付着していることがより好ましい。上記微粒子のサイズは、天然由来の樹脂と天然由来の有機充填剤を配合した樹脂組成物から得られる成形品を透過型電子顕微鏡により8万倍の倍率で観察することができ、観察する微粒子の総数は、任意の100個とする。
【0025】
また、紙粉以外のその他の天然物由来の有機充填剤においても、上記特徴、すなわち、灰分量、その組成を有するもの、微粒子が付着したものを選択して用いることが好ましい。
【0026】
また、本発明においては、本発明の樹脂組成物が得られる限り、天然物由来の有機充填剤を一種または二種以上で用いることができるが、上記好ましい特徴を有する紙粉を含むものであることが好ましい。また、古紙粉末を50重量%以上含んでいることが好ましい。
【0027】
本発明においては、さらに(C)カルボキシル基反応性末端封鎖剤を配合することが好ましい。本発明で使用するカルボキシル基反応性末端封鎖剤としては、ポリマーのカルボキシル末端基を封鎖することのできる化合物であれば特に制限はなく、ポリマーのカルボキシル末端の封鎖剤として用いられているものを用いることができる。本発明においてかかるカルボキシル基反応性末端封鎖剤は、天然由来の樹脂の末端を封鎖するのみではなく、天然由来の樹脂や天然由来の有機充填剤の熱分解や加水分解などで生成する乳酸やギ酸などの酸性低分子化合物のカルボキシル基も封鎖することができる。また、上記末端封鎖剤は、熱分解により酸性低分子化合物が生成する水酸基末端も封鎖できる化合物であることがさらに好ましい。
【0028】
このようなカルボキシル基反応性末端封鎖剤としては、エポキシ化合物、オキサゾリン化合物、オキサジン化合物、カルボジイミド化合物から選ばれる少なくとも一種の化合物を使用することが好ましく、なかでもエポキシ化合物および/またはカルボジイミド化合物が好ましい。
【0029】
本発明にカルボキシル基反応性末端封鎖剤として用いることのできるエポキシ化合物としては、グリシジルエーテル化合物、グリシジルエステル化合物、グリシジルアミン化合物、グリシジルイミド化合物、脂環式エポキシ化合物を好ましく使用することができる。これらを配合することで、機械特性、成形性、耐熱性および耐久性に優れた成形品を得ることができる。
【0030】
グリシジルエーテル化合物の例としては、ブチルグリシジルエーテル、ステアリルグリシジルエーテル、アリルグリシジルエーテル、フェニルグリシジルエーテル、o−フェニルフェニルグリシジルエーテル、エチレンオキシドラウリルアルコールグリシジルエーテル、エチレンオキシドフェノールグリシジルエーテル、エチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、ポリエチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、プロピレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、ポリプロピレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、ネオペンチルグリコールジグリシジルエーテル、ポリテトラメチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、シクロヘキサンジメタノールジグリシジルエーテル、グリセロールトリグリシジルエーテル、トリメチロールプロパントリグリシジルエーテル、ペンタエリスリトールポリグリシジルエーテル、2,2−ビス−(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)プロパン、2,2−ビス−(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)メタン、ビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)スルホンなどのビスフェノール類とエピクロルヒドリンとの縮合反応から得られるビスフェノールAジグリシジルエーテル型エポキシ樹脂、ビスフェノールFジグリシジルエーテル型エポキシ樹脂、ビスフェノールSジグリシジルエーテル型エポキシ樹脂などを挙げることができる。なかでも、ビスフェノールAジグリシジルエーテル型エポキシ樹脂が好ましい。
【0031】
グリシジルエステル化合物の例としては、安息香酸グリシジルエステル、p−トルイル酸グリシジルエステル、シクロヘキサンカルボン酸グリシジルエステル、ステアリン酸グリシジルエステル、ラウリン酸グリシジルエステル、パルミチン酸グリシジルエステル、バーサティック酸グリシジルエステル、オレイン酸グリシジルエステル、リノール酸グリシジルエステル、リノレン酸グリシジルエステル、テレフタル酸ジグリシジルエステル、イソフタル酸ジグリシジルエステル、フタル酸ジグリシジルエステル、ナフタレンジカルボン酸ジグリシジルエステル、ビ安息香酸ジグリシジルエステル、メチルテレフタル酸ジグリシジルエステル、ヘキサヒドロフタル酸ジグリシジルエステル、テトラヒドロフタル酸ジグリシジルエステル、シクロヘキサンジカルボン酸ジグリシジルエステル、アジピン酸ジグリシジルエステル、コハク酸ジグリシジルエステル、セバシン酸ジグリシジルエステル、ドデカンジオン酸ジグリシジルエステル、オクタデカンジカルボン酸ジグリシジルエステル、トリメリット酸トリグリシジルエステル、ピロメリット酸テトラグリシジルエステルなどのを挙げることができる。なかでも、安息香酸グリシジルエステルやバーサティック酸グリシジルエステルが好ましい。
【0032】
グリシジルアミン化合物の例としては、テトラグリシジルアミノジフェニルメタン、トリグリシジル−パラアミノフェノール、トリグリシジル−メタアミノフェノール、ジグリシジルアニリン、ジグリシジルトルイジン、テトラグリシジルメタキシレンジアミン、ジグリシジルトリブロモアニリン、テトラグリシジルビスアミノメチルシクロヘキサン、トリグリシジルシアヌレート、トリグリシジルイソシアヌレートなどを挙げることができる。
【0033】
グリシジルイミド化合物の例としては、N−グリシジルフタルイミド、N−グリシジル−4−メチルフタルイミド、N−グリシジル−4,5−ジメチルフタルイミド、N−グリシジル−3−メチルフタルイミド、N−グリシジル−3,6−ジメチルフタルイミド、N−グリシジル−4−エトキシフタルイミド、N−グリシジル−4−クロルフタルイミド、N−グリシジル−4,5−ジクロルフタルイミド、N−グリシジル−3,4,5,6−テトラブロムフタルイミド、N−グリシジル−4−n−ブチル−5−ブロムフタルイミド、N−グリシジルサクシンイミド、N−グリシジルヘキサヒドロフタルイミド、N−グリシジル−1,2,3,6−テトラヒドロフタルイミド、N−グリシジルマレインイミド、N−グリシジル−α,β−ジメチルサクシンイミド、N−グリシジル−α−エチルサクシンイミド、N−グリシジル−α−プロピルサクシンイミド、N−グリシジルベンズアミド、N−グリシジル−p−メチルベンズアミド、N−グリシジルナフトアミド、N−グリシジルステラミドなどを挙げることができる。なかでも、N−グリシジルフタルイミドが好ましい。
【0034】
脂環式エポキシ化合物の例としては、3,4−エポキシシクロヘキシルメチル−3,4−エポキシシクロヘキシルカルボキシレート、ビス(3,4−エポキシシクロヘキシルメチル)アジペート、ビニルシクロヘキセンジエポキシド、N−メチル−4,5−エポキシシクロヘキサン−1,2−ジカルボン酸イミド、N−エチル−4,5−エポキシシクロヘキサン−1,2−ジカルボン酸イミド、N−フェニル−4,5−エポキシシクロヘキサン−1,2−ジカルボン酸イミド、N−ナフチル−4,5−エポキシシクロヘキサン−1,2−ジカルボン酸イミド、N−トリル−3−メチル−4,5−エポキシシクロヘキサン−1,2−ジカルボン酸イミドなどを挙げることができる。
【0035】
また、その他のエポキシ化合物として、エポキシ化大豆油、エポキシ化アマニ油、エポキシ化鯨油などのエポキシ変性脂肪酸グリセリド、フェノールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂、クレゾールノゾラック型エポキシ樹脂などを用いることができる。
【0036】
本発明で用いるカルボキシル基反応性末端封鎖剤として用いることのできるオキサゾリン化合物の例としては、2−メトキシ−2−オキサゾリン、2−エトキシ−2−オキサゾリン、2−プロポキシ−2−オキサゾリン、2−ブトキシ−2−オキサゾリン、2−ペンチルオキシ−2−オキサゾリン、2−ヘキシルオキシ−2−オキサゾリン、2−ヘプチルオキシ−2−オキサゾリン、2−オクチルオキシ−2−オキサゾリン、2−ノニルオキシ−2−オキサゾリン、2−デシルオキシ−2−オキサゾリン、2−シクロペンチルオキシ−2−オキサゾリン、2−シクロヘキシルオキシ−2−オキサゾリン、2−アリルオキシ−2−オキサゾリン、2−メタアリルオキシ−2−オキサゾリン、2−クロチルオキシ−2−オキサゾリン、2−フェノキシ−2−オキサゾリン、2−クレジル−2−オキサゾリン、2−o−エチルフェノキシ−2−オキサゾリン、2−o−プロピルフェノキシ−2−オキサゾリン、2−o−フェニルフェノキシ−2−オキサゾリン、2−m−エチルフェノキシ−2−オキサゾリン、2−m−プロピルフェノキシ−2−オキサゾリン、2−p−フェニルフェノキシ−2−オキサゾリン、2−メチル−2−オキサゾリン、2−エチル−2−オキサゾリン、2−プロピル−2−オキサゾリン、2−ブチル−2−オキサゾリン、2−ペンチル−2−オキサゾリン、2−ヘキシル−2−オキサゾリン、2−ヘプチル−2−オキサゾリン、2−オクチル−2−オキサゾリン、2−ノニル−2−オキサゾリン、2−デシル−2−オキサゾリン、2−シクロペンチル−2−オキサゾリン、2−シクロヘキシル−2−オキサゾリン、2−アリル−2−オキサゾリン、2−メタアリル−2−オキサゾリン、2−クロチル−2−オキサゾリン、2−フェニル−2−オキサゾリン、2−o−エチルフェニル−2−オキサゾリン、2−o−プロピルフェニル−2−オキサゾリン、2−o−フェニルフェニル−2−オキサゾリン、2−m−エチルフェニル−2−オキサゾリン、2−m−プロピルフェニル−2−オキサゾリン、2−p−フェニルフェニル−2−オキサゾリン、2,2′−ビス(2−オキサゾリン)、2,2′−ビス(4−メチル−2−オキサゾリン)、2,2′−ビス(4,4′−ジメチル−2−オキサゾリン)、2,2′−ビス(4−エチル−2−オキサゾリン)、2,2′−ビス(4,4′−ジエチル−2−オキサゾリン)、2,2′−ビス(4−プロピル−2−オキサゾリン)、2,2′−ビス(4−ブチル−2−オキサゾリン)、2,2′−ビス(4−ヘキシル−2−オキサゾリン)、2,2′−ビス(4−フェニル−2−オキサゾリン)、2,2′−ビス(4−シクロヘキシル−2−オキサゾリン)、2,2′−ビス(4−ベンジル−2−オキサゾリン)、2,2′−p−フェニレンビス(2−オキサゾリン)、2,2′−m−フェニレンビス(2−オキサゾリン)、2,2′−o−フェニレンビス(2−オキサゾリン)、2,2′−p−フェニレンビス(4−メチル−2−オキサゾリン)、2,2′−p−フェニレンビス(4,4′−ジメチル−2−オキサゾリン)、2,2′−m−フェニレンビス(4−メチル−2−オキサゾリン)、2,2′−m−フェニレンビス(4,4′−ジメチル−2−オキサゾリン)、2,2′−エチレンビス(2−オキサゾリン)、2,2′−テトラメチレンビス(2−オキサゾリン)、2,2′−ヘキサメチレンビス(2−オキサゾリン)、2,2′−オクタメチレンビス(2−オキサゾリン)、2,2′−デカメチレンビス(2−オキサゾリン)、2,2′−エチレンビス(4−メチル−2−オキサゾリン)、2,2′−テトラメチレンビス(4,4′−ジメチル−2−オキサゾリン)、2,2′−9,9′−ジフェノキシエタンビス(2−オキサゾリン)、2,2′−シクロヘキシレンビス(2−オキサゾリン)、2,2′−ジフェニレンビス(2−オキサゾリン)などが挙げられる。さらには、上記した化合物をモノマー単位として含むポリオキサゾリン化合物なども挙げることができる。
【0037】
本発明で用いることのできるカルボキシル基反応性末端封鎖剤としてのオキサジン化合物の例としては、2−メトキシ−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−1,3−オキサジン、2−エトキシ−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−1,3−オキサジン、2−プロポキシ−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−1,3−オキサジン、2−ブトキシ−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−1,3−オキサジン、2−ペンチルオキシ−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−1,3−オキサジン、2−ヘキシルオキシ−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−1,3−オキサジン、2−ヘプチルオキシ−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−1,3−オキサジン、2−オクチルオキシ−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−1,3−オキサジン、2−ノニルオキシ−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−1,3−オキサジン、2−デシルオキシ−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−1,3−オキサジン、2−シクロペンチルオキシ−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−1,3−オキサジン、2−シクロヘキシルオキシ−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−1,3−オキサジン、2−アリルオキシ−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−1,3−オキサジン、2−メタアリルオキシ−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−1,3−オキサジン、2−クロチルオキシ−5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−1,3−オキサジンなどが挙げられ、さらには、2,2′−ビス(5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−1,3−オキサジン)、2,2′−メチレンビス(5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−1,3−オキサジン)、2,2′−エチレンビス(5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−1,3−オキサジン)、2,2′−プロピレンビス(5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−1,3−オキサジン)、2,2′−ブチレンビス(5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−1,3−オキサジン)、2,2′−ヘキサメチレンビス(5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−1,3−オキサジン)、2,2′−p−フェニレンビス(5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−1,3−オキサジン)、2,2′−m−フェニレンビス(5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−1,3−オキサジン)、2,2′−ナフチレンビス(5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−1,3−オキサジン)、2,2′−P,P′−ジフェニレンビス(5,6−ジヒドロ−4H−1,3−オキサジン)などが挙げられる。さらには、上記した化合物をモノマー単位として含むポリオキサジン化合物などが挙げられる。
【0038】
上記オキサゾリン合物やオキサジン化合物の中では、2,2′−m−フェニレンビス(2−オキサゾリン)、2,2′−p−フェニレンビス(2−オキサゾリン)が好ましい。
【0039】
本発明でカルボキシル基反応性末端封鎖剤として使用することのできるカルボジイミド化合物とは、分子内に少なくともひとつの(−N=C=N−)で表されるカルボジイミド基を有する化合物であり、例えば適当な触媒の存在下に、有機イソシアネートを加熱し、脱炭酸反応で製造できる。
【0040】
カルボジイミド化合物の例としては、ジフェニルカルボジイミド、ジ−シクロヘキシルカルボジイミド、ジ−2,6−ジメチルフェニルカルボジイミド、ジイソプロピルカルボジイミド、ジオクチルデシルカルボジイミド、ジ−o−トルイルカルボジイミド、ジ−p−トルイルカルボジイミド、ジ−p−ニトロフェニルカルボジイミド、ジ−p−アミノフェニルカルボジイミド、ジ−p−ヒドロキシフェニルカルボジイミド、ジ−p−クロルフェニルカルボジイミド、ジ−o−クロルフェニルカルボジイミド、ジ−3,4−ジクロルフェニルカルボジイミド、ジ−2,5−ジクロルフェニルカルボジイミド、p−フェニレン−ビス−o−トルイルカルボジイミド、p−フェニレン−ビス−ジシクロヘキシルカルボジイミド、p−フェニレン−ビス−ジ−p−クロルフェニルカルボジイミド、2,6,2′,6′−テトライソプロピルジフェニルカルボジイミド、ヘキサメチレン−ビス−シクロヘキシルカルボジイミド、エチレン−ビス−ジフェニルカルボジイミド、エチレン−ビス−ジ−シクロヘキシルカルボジイミド、N,N´−ジ−o−トリイルカルボジイミド、N,N´−ジフェニルカルボジイミド、N,N´−ジオクチルデシルカルボジイミド、N,N´−ジ−2,6−ジメチルフェニルカルボジイミド、N−トリイル−N´−シクロヘキシルカルボジイミド、N,N´−ジ−2,6−ジイソプロピルフェニルカルボジイミド、N,N´−ジ−2,6−ジ−tert −ブチルフェニルカルボジイミド、N−トルイル−N´−フェニルカルボジイミド、N,N´−ジ−p−ニトロフェニルカルボジイミド、N,N´−ジ−p−アミノフェニルカルボジイミド、N,N´−ジ−p−ヒドロキシフェニルカルボジイミド、N,N´−ジ−シクロヘキシルカルボジイミド、N,N´−ジ−p−トルイルカルボジイミド、N,N′−ベンジルカルボジイミド、N−オクタデシル−N′−フェニルカルボジイミド、N−ベンジル−N′−フェニルカルボジイミド、N−オクタデシル−N′−トリルカルボジイミド、N−シクロヘキシル−N′−トリルカルボジイミド、N−フェニル−N′−トリルカルボジイミド、N−ベンジル−N′−トリルカルボジイミド、N,N′−ジ−o−エチルフェニルカルボジイミド、N,N′−ジ−p−エチルフェニルカルボジイミド、N,N′−ジ−o−イソプロピルフェニルカルボジイミド、N,N′−ジ−p−イソプロピルフェニルカルボジイミド、N,N′−ジ−o−イソブチルフェニルカルボジイミド、N,N′−ジ−p−イソブチルフェニルカルボジイミド、N,N′−ジ−2,6−ジエチルフェニルカルボジイミド、N,N′−ジ−2−エチル−6−イソプロピルフェニルカルボジイミド、N,N′−ジ−2−イソブチル−6−イソプロピルフェニルカルボジイミド、N,N′−ジ−2,4,6−トリメチルフェニルカルボジイミド、N,N′−ジ−2,4,6−トリイソプロピルフェニルカルボジイミド、N,N′−ジ−2,4,6−トリイソブチルフェニルカルボジイミドなどのモノ又はジカルボジイミド化合物、ポリ(1,6−ヘキサメチレンカルボジイミド)、ポリ(4,4′−メチレンビスシクロヘキシルカルボジイミド)、ポリ(1,3−シクロヘキシレンカルボジイミド)、ポリ(1,4−シクロヘキシレンカルボジイミド)、ポリ(4,4′−ジフェニルメタンカルボジイミド)、ポリ(3,3′−ジメチル−4,4′−ジフェニルメタンカルボジイミド)、ポリ(ナフチレンカルボジイミド)、ポリ(p−フェニレンカルボジイミド)、ポリ(m−フェニレンカルボジイミド)、ポリ(トリルカルボジイミド)、ポリ(ジイソプロピルカルボジイミド)、ポリ(メチル−ジイソプロピルフェニレンカルボジイミド)、ポリ(トリエチルフェニレンカルボジイミド)、ポリ(トリイソプロピルフェニレンカルボジイミド)などのポリカルボジイミドなどが挙げられる。なかでもN,N´−ジ−2,6−ジイソプロピルフェニルカルボジイミド、2,6,2′,6′−テトライソプロピルジフェニルカルボジイミドが好ましい。
【0041】
上記カルボキシル基反応性末端封鎖剤は一種またはニ種以上の化合物を任意に選択して使用することができる。
【0042】
本発明の樹脂組成物では、成形品にして使用する用途に応じて適度にカルボキシル末端や酸性低分子化合物の封鎖を行えばよいが、具体的なカルボキシル末端や酸性低分子化合物の封鎖の程度としては組成物中の酸濃度が10当量/106g以下であることが耐加水分解性の点から好ましく、5当量/106g以下であることがさらに好ましく、1当量/106g以下であることが特に好ましい。ポリマー組成物中の酸濃度は、ポリマー組成物を適当な溶媒に溶解させた後、濃度既知の水酸化ナトリウムなどのアルカリ化合物溶液で滴定することにより測定したり、NMRにより測定することができる。
【0043】
カルボキシル基反応性末端封鎖剤の量は、植物資源由来の樹脂を100重量部としたときに、0.01〜10重量部が好ましく、0.05〜5重量部がさらに好ましい。
【0044】
本発明においては、さらにカルボキシル基反応性末端封鎖剤の反応触媒を添加することが好ましい。ここで言う反応触媒とは、カルボキシル基反応性末端封鎖剤と、ポリマー末端や酸性低分子化合物のカルボキシル基との反応を促進する効果のある化合物であり、少量の添加で反応を促進する効果のある化合物が好ましい。このような化合物の例としてはアルカリ金属化合物、アルカリ土類金属化合物、3級アミン化合物、イミダゾール化合物、第4級アンモニウム塩、ホスフィン化合物、ホスホニウム塩、リン酸エステル、有機酸、ルイス酸が挙げられ、その具体例としては、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、水酸化リチウム、水酸化セシウム、炭酸水素ナトリウム、炭酸水素カリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸カリウム、炭酸リチウム、酢酸ナトリウム、酢酸カリウム、酢酸リチウム、ステアリン酸ナトリウム、ステアリン酸カリウム、ステアリン酸リチウム、水素化ほう素ナトリウム、水素化ほう素リチウム、フェニル化ほう素ナトリウム、安息香酸ナトリウム、安息香酸カリウム、安息香酸リチウム、リン酸水素二ナトリウム、リン酸水素二カリウム、リン酸水素二リチウム、ビスフェノールAの二ナトリウム塩、同二カリウム塩、同二リチウム塩、フェノールのナトリウム塩、同カリウム塩、同リチウム塩、同セシウム塩などのアルカリ金属化合物、水酸化カルシウム、水酸化バリウム、水酸化マグネシウム、水酸化ストロンチウム、炭酸水素カルシウム、炭酸バリウム、炭酸マグネシウム、炭酸ストロンチウム、酢酸カルシウム、酢酸バリウム、酢酸マグネシウム、酢酸ストロンチウム、ステアリン酸カルシウム、ステアリン酸マグネシウム、ステアリン酸ストロンチウムなどのアルカリ土類金属化合物、トリエチルアミン、トリブチルアミン、トリヘキシルアミン、トリアミルアミン、トリエタノールアミン、ジメチルアミノエタノール、トリエチレンジアミン、ジメチルフェニルアミン、ジメチルベンジルアミン、2−(ジメチルアミノメチル)フェノール、ジメチルアニリン、ピリジン、ピコリン、1,8−ジアザビシクロ(5,4,0)ウンデセン−7などの3級アミン、2−メチルイミダゾール、2−エチルイミダゾール、2−イソプロピルイミダゾール、2−エチル−4−メチルイミダゾール、4−フェニル−2−メチルイミダゾールなどのイミダゾール化合物、テトラメチルアンモニウムクロライド、テトラエチルアンモニウムクロライド、テトラブチルアンモニウムブロマイド、トリメチルベンジルアンモニウムクロライド、トリエチルベンジルアンモニウムクロライド、トリプロピルベンジルアンモニウムクロライド、N−メチルピリジニウムクロライドなどの第4級アンモニウム塩、トリメチルホスフィン、トリエチルホスフィン、トリブチルホスフィン、トリオクチルホスフィンなどのホスフィン化合物、テトラメチルホスホニウムブロマイド、テトラブチルホスホニウムブロマイド、テトラフェニルホスホニウムブロマイド、エチルトリフェニルホスホニウムブロマイド、トリフェニルベンジルホスホニウムブロマイドなどのホスホニウム塩、トリメチルホスフェート、トリエチルホスフェート、トリブチルホスフェート、トリオクチルホスフェート、トリブトキシエチルホスフェート、トリフェニルホスフェート、トリクレジルホスフェート、トリキシレニルホスフェート、クレジルジフェニルホスフェート、オクチルジフェニルホスフェート、トリ(p−ヒドロキシ)フェニルホスフェート、トリ(p−メトキシ)フェニルホスフェートなどのリン酸エステル、シュウ酸、p−トルエンスルホン酸、ジノニルナフタレンジスルホン酸、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸などの有機酸、三フッ化ホウ素、四塩化アルミニウム、四塩化チタン、四塩化スズなどのルイス酸などが挙げられ、これらは一種またはニ種以上使用することができる。なかでも、アルカリ金属化合物、アルカリ土類金属化合物、リン酸エステルを使用するのが好ましく、特にアルカリ金属、またはアルカリ土類金属の有機塩を好ましく使用することができる。特に好ましい化合物は、ステアリン酸ナトリウム、ステアリン酸カリウム、ステアリン酸カルシウム、ステアリン酸マグネシウム、安息香酸ナトリウム、酢酸ナトリウム、酢酸カリウム、酢酸カルシウム、酢酸マグネシウムである。さらにアルカリ金属またはアルカリ土類金属の炭素数6以上の有機塩が好ましく、ステアリン酸ナトリウム、ステアリン酸カリウム、ステアリン酸カルシウム、ステアリン酸マグネシウム、安息香酸ナトリウムをいずれか一種以上用いることが好ましい。
【0045】
反応触媒の添加量は、特に限定されるものではないが、植物資源由来の樹脂100重量部に対して、0.001〜1重量部が好ましく、また0.01〜0.2重量部がより好ましく、さらには0.02〜0.1重量部が最も好ましい。
【0046】
本発明においては、さらに(D)結晶化促進剤を配合することが好ましい。本発明で使用する結晶化促進剤は、多種類の化合物から選択することができるが、ポリマーの結晶核の形成を促進する結晶核剤や、ポリマーを柔軟化して動きやすく結晶の成長を促進する可塑剤を好ましく使用することができる。
【0047】
本発明で使用する結晶化促進剤の配合量は、植物資源由来の樹脂100重量部に対して、0.01〜30重量部であることが好ましく、0.1〜20重量部であることがさらに好ましく、1〜10重量部であることが特に好ましい。
【0048】
本発明で(D)結晶化促進剤として使用する結晶核剤としては、特に制限なく用いることができ、無機系結晶核剤および有機系結晶核剤のいずれをも使用することができる。無機系結晶核剤の具体例としては、タルク、カオリン、モンモリロナイト、合成マイカ、クレー、ゼオライト、シリカ、グラファイト、カーボンブラック、酸化亜鉛、酸化マグネシウム、酸化チタン、硫化カルシウム、窒化ホウ素、炭酸カルシウム、硫酸バリウム、酸化アルミニウム、酸化ネオジウムおよびフェニルホスホネートの金属塩などを挙げることができる。これらの無機系結晶核剤は、組成物中での分散性を高めるために、有機物で修飾されていることが好ましい。
【0049】
また、有機系結晶核剤の具体例としては、安息香酸ナトリウム、安息香酸カリウム、安息香酸リチウム、安息香酸カルシウム、安息香酸マグネシウム、安息香酸バリウム、テレフタル酸リチウム、テレフタル酸ナトリウム、テレフタル酸カリウム、シュウ酸カルシウム、ラウリン酸ナトリウム、ラウリン酸カリウム、ミリスチン酸ナトリウム、ミリスチン酸カリウム、ミリスチン酸カルシウム、オクタコサン酸ナトリウム、オクタコサン酸カルシウム、ステアリン酸ナトリウム、ステアリン酸カリウム、ステアリン酸リチウム、ステアリン酸カルシウム、ステアリン酸マグネシウム、ステアリン酸バリウム、モンタン酸ナトリウム、モンタン酸カルシウム、トルイル酸ナトリウム、サリチル酸ナトリウム、サリチル酸カリウム、サリチル酸亜鉛、アルミニウムジベンゾエート、カリウムジベンゾエート、リチウムジベンゾエート、ナトリウムβ−ナフタレート、ナトリウムシクロヘキサンカルボキシレートなどの有機カルボン酸金属塩、p−トルエンスルホン酸ナトリウム、スルホイソフタル酸ナトリウムなどの有機スルホン酸塩、ステアリン酸アミド、エチレンビスラウリン酸アミド、パルチミン酸アミド、ヒドロキシステアリン酸アミド、エルカ酸アミド、トリメシン酸トリス(t−ブチルアミド)などのカルボン酸アミド、低密度ポリエチレン、高密度ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリイソプロピレン、ポリブテン、ポリ−4−メチルペンテン、ポリ−3−メチルブテン−1、ポリビニルシクロアルカン、ポリビニルトリアルキルシラン、高融点ポリ乳酸などのポリマー、エチレン−アクリル酸またはメタクリル酸コポリマーのナトリウム塩、スチレン−無水マレイン酸コポリマーのナトリウム塩などのカルボキシル基を有する重合体のナトリウム塩またはカリウム塩(いわゆるアイオノマー)、ベンジリデンソルビトールおよびその誘導体、ナトリウム−2,2’−メチレンビス(4,6−ジ−t−ブチルフェニル)フォスフェートなどのリン化合物金属塩、および2,2−メチルビス(4,6−ジ−t−ブチルフェニル)ナトリウムなどを挙げることができる。
【0050】
本発明で使用する結晶核剤としては、上記に例示したもののなかでも、特にタルクおよび有機カルボン酸金属塩から選択された少なくとも一種が好ましい。本発明で使用する結晶核剤は、一種のみでもよくまたニ種以上の併用を行ってもよい。
【0051】
また、結晶核剤の配合量は、植物資源由来の樹脂100重量部に対して、0.01〜30重量部であることが好ましく、0.05〜10重量部であることがさらに好ましく、0.1〜5重量部であることが特に好ましい。
【0052】
本発明で(D)結晶化促進剤として使用する可塑剤としては、特に制限はなく、例えばポリエステル系可塑剤、グリセリン系可塑剤、多価カルボン酸エステル系可塑剤、リン酸エステル系可塑剤、ポリアルキレングリコール系可塑剤およびエポキシ系可塑剤などをあげることができる。
【0053】
ポリエステル系可塑剤の具体例としては、アジピン酸、セバチン酸、テレフタル酸、イソフタル酸、ナフタレンジカルボン酸、ジフェニルジカルボン酸などの酸成分と、プロピレングリコール、1,3 −ブタンジオール、1,4 −ブタンジオール、1,6 −ヘキサンジオール、エチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコールなどのジオール成分からなるポリエステルや、ポリカプロラクトンなどのヒドロキシカルボン酸からなるポリエステルなどを挙げることができる。これらのポリエステルは単官能カルボン酸もしくは単官能アルコールで末端封鎖されていてもよく、またエポキシ化合物などで末端封鎖されていてもよい。
【0054】
グリセリン系可塑剤の具体例としては、グリセリンモノアセトモノラウレート、グリセリンジアセトモノラウレート、グリセリンモノアセトモノステアレート、グリセリンジアセトモノオレートおよびグリセリンモノアセトモノモンタネートなどを挙げることができる。
【0055】
多価カルボン酸系可塑剤の具体例としては、フタル酸ジメチル、フタル酸ジエチル、フタル酸ジブチル、フタル酸ジオクチル、フタル酸ジヘプチル、フタル酸ジベンジル、フタル酸ブチルベンジルなどのフタル酸エステル、トリメリット酸トリブチル、トリメリット酸トリオクチル、トリメリット酸トリヘキシルなどのトリメリット酸エステル、アジピン酸ジイソデシル、アジピン酸n−オクチル−n−デシルアジピン酸エステルなどのアジピン酸エステル、アセチルクエン酸トリエチル、アセチルクエン酸トリブチルなどのクエン酸エステル、アゼライン酸ジ−2−エチルヘキシルなどのアゼライン酸エステル、セバシン酸ジブチル、およびセバシン酸ジ−2−エチルヘキシルなどのセバシン酸エステルなどを挙げることができる。
【0056】
リン酸エステル系可塑剤の具体例としては、リン酸トリブチル、リン酸トリ−2−エチルヘキシル、リン酸トリオクチル、リン酸トリフェニル、リン酸ジフェニル−2−エチルヘキシルおよびリン酸トリクレシルなどを挙げることができる。
【0057】
ポリアルキレングリコール系可塑剤の具体例としては、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール、ポリ(エチレンオキサイド・プロピレンオキサイド)ブロックおよび/又はランダム共重合体、ポリテトラメチレングリコール、ビスフェノール類のエチレンオキシド付加重合体、ビスフェノール類のプロピレンオキシド付加重合体、ビスフェノール類のテトラヒドロフラン付加重合体などのポリアルキレングリコールあるいはその末端エポキシ変性化合物、末端エステル変性化合物、および末端エーテル変性化合物などの末端封鎖化合物などを挙げることができる。
【0058】
エポキシ系可塑剤とは、一般にはエポキシステアリン酸アルキルと大豆油とからなるエポキシトリグリセリドなどを指すが、その他にも、主にビスフェノールAとエピクロロヒドリンを原料とするような、いわゆるエポキシ樹脂も使用することができる。
【0059】
その他の可塑剤の具体例としては、ネオペンチルグリコールジベンゾエート、ジエチレングリコールジベンゾエート、トリエチレングリコールジ−2−エチルブチレートなどの脂肪族ポリオールの安息香酸エステル、ステアリン酸アミドなどの脂肪酸アミド、オレイン酸ブチルなどの脂肪族カルボン酸エステル、アセチルリシノール酸メチル、アセチルリシノール酸ブチルなどのオキシ酸エステル、ペンタエリスリトール、各種ソルビトール、ポリアクリル酸エステル、シリコーンオイル、およびパラフィン類などを挙げることができる。
【0060】
本発明で使用する可塑剤としては、上記に例示したもののなかでも、特にポリエステル系可塑剤およびポリアルキレングリコール系可塑剤から選択した少なくとも一種が好ましい。本発明に使用する可塑剤は、一種のみでもよくまたニ種以上の併用を行ってもよい。
【0061】
また、可塑剤の配合量は、植物資源由来の樹脂100重量部に対して、0.01〜30重量部であることが好ましく、0.1〜20重量部であることがさらに好ましく、0.5〜10重量部であることが特に好ましい。
【0062】
本発明においては、結晶核剤と可塑剤を各々単独で用いてもよいが、両者を併用して用いることが好ましい。
【0063】
本発明においては、さらに(E)植物資源由来の樹脂以外の脂肪族ポリエステル樹脂及び/または脂肪族芳香族ポリエステル樹脂を配合することが好ましい。
【0064】
本発明の脂肪族ポリエステル樹脂としては、特に限定されるものではなく、脂肪族ヒドロキシカルボン酸を主たる構成成分とする重合体、脂肪族多価カルボン酸と脂肪族多価アルコールを主たる構成成分とする重合体などが挙げられる。具体的には、脂肪族ヒドロキシカルボン酸を主たる構成成分とする重合体としては、ポリグリコール酸、ポリ3−ヒドロキシ酪酸、ポリ4−ヒドロキシ酪酸、ポリ4−ヒドロキシ吉草酸、ポリ3−ヒドロキシヘキサン酸またはポリカプロラクトンなどが挙げられ、脂肪族多価カルボン酸と脂肪族多価アルコールを主たる構成成分とする重合体としては、ポリエチレンアジペート、ポリエチレンサクシネート、ポリブチレンアジペートまたはポリブチレンサクシネートなどが挙げられる。これらの脂肪族ポリエステルは、単独ないしニ種以上を用いることができる。これらの脂肪族ポリエステルの中でも、ポリブチレンサクシネートが好ましい。
【0065】
本発明の脂肪族芳香族ポリエステルとは、脂肪族ジカルボン酸成分、芳香族ジカルボン酸成分および脂肪族ジオール成分からなるポリエステルである。脂肪族ジカルボン酸成分としては、例えば、コハク酸、アジピン酸、スベリン酸、セバシン酸、ドデカン二酸などが挙げられ、芳香族ジカルボン酸成分としては、イソフタル酸、テレフタル酸、2,6−ナフタレンジカルボン酸などが挙げられ、脂肪族ジオールとしては、例えば、エチレングリコール、1,4−ブタンジオール、1,3−プロパンジオール、1,4−シクロヘキサンジメタノールなどが挙げられる。本発明に用いられる脂肪族芳香族ポリエステルの芳香族ジカルボン酸成分は、60モル%以下であることが好ましく、50モル%以下がさらに好ましい。なお、脂肪族ジカルボン酸成分、芳香族ジカルボン酸成分あるいは脂肪族ジオール成分は、それぞれニ種類以上を用いることもできる。本発明においては、テレフタル酸、アジピン酸、1,4−ブタンジオールからなる脂肪族芳香族ポリエステル樹脂を用いることが好ましい。
【0066】
なお、植物資源由来の樹脂以外の脂肪族ポリエステル樹脂、脂肪族芳香族ポリエステル樹脂においては、モノマー単位に光学活性炭素を含む場合には、通常光学純度の低い樹脂となる。
【0067】
本発明において、植物資源由来の樹脂以外の脂肪族ポリエステル樹脂、脂肪族芳香族ポリエステル樹脂の配合量は、特に限定されるものではないが、天然由来の樹脂を100重量部としたときに、1〜200重量部であることが好ましく、5〜150重量部がより好ましく、10〜100重量部がさらに好ましい。
【0068】
また、本発明においては、(F)耐衝撃改良剤を配合することが好ましい。本発明で使用する耐衝撃改良剤とは、熱可塑性樹脂の耐衝撃性改良に用いることのできるものであれば特に制限されない。例えば下記の各種耐衝撃改良剤などから選ばれる少なくとも一種のものを用いることができる。
【0069】
すなわち、耐衝撃改良剤の具体例としては、ポリエチレン、ポリプロプレン、エチレン−プロピレン共重合体、エチレン−プロピレン−非共役ジエン共重合体、エチレン−ブテン−1共重合体、各種アクリルゴム、エチレン−アクリル酸共重合体およびそのアルカリ金属塩(いわゆるアイオノマー)、エチレン−グリシジル(メタ)アクリレート共重合体、エチレン−アクリル酸アルキルエステル共重合体(たとえば、エチレン−アクリル酸エチル共重合体、エチレン−アクリル酸ブチル共重合体)、酸変性エチレン−プロピレン共重合体、ジエンゴム(たとえばポリブタジエン、ポリイソプレン、ポリクロロプレン)、ジエンとビニル単量体との共重合体(たとえばスチレン−ブタジエンランダム共重合体、スチレン−ブタジエンブロック共重合体、スチレン−ブタジエン−スチレンブロック共重合体、スチレン−イソプレンランダム共重合体、スチレン−イソプレンブロック共重合体、スチレン−イソプレン−スチレンブロック共重合体、ポリブタジエンにスチレンをグラフト共重合せしめたもの、ブタジエン−アクリロニトリル共重合体)、ポリイソブチレン、イソブチレンとブタジエンまたはイソプレンとの共重合体、天然ゴム、チオコールゴム、多硫化ゴム、ポリウレタンゴム、ポリエーテルゴム、エピクロロヒドリンゴム、ポリエステル系エラストマー、ポリアミド系エラストマーなどが挙げられる。
【0070】
更に、各種の架橋度を有するものや、各種のミクロ構造、例えばシス構造、トランス構造等を有するもの、ビニル基などを有するものや、コア層とそれを覆う1以上のシェル層から構成され、また隣接し合った層が異種の重合体から構成されるいわゆるコアシェル型と呼ばれる多層構造重合体なども使用することができる。
【0071】
また、上記具体例に挙げた各種の(共)重合体は、ランダム共重合体、ブロック共重合体およびグラフト共重合体などのいづれであっても、本発明の耐衝撃改良剤として用いることができる。
【0072】
更には、これらの(共)重合体を作るに際し、他のオレフィン類、ジエン類、芳香族ビニル化合物、アクリル酸、アクリル酸エステルおよびメタクリル酸エステルなどの単量体を共重合することも可能である。
【0073】
これらの耐衝撃改良剤の中でも、アクリル単位を含む重合体や、酸無水物基および/またはグリシジル基を持つ単位を含む重合体が好ましい。ここでいうアクリル単位の好適例としては、メタクリル酸メチル単位、アクリル酸メチル単位、アクリル酸エチル単位およびアクリル酸ブチル単位を挙げることができ、酸無水物基やグリシジル基を持つ単位の好適例としては、無水マレイン酸単位およびメタクリル酸グリシジル単位を挙げることができる。
【0074】
また、耐衝撃改良剤は、コア層とそれを覆う1以上のシェル層から構成され、また隣接し合った層が異種の重合体から構成される、いわゆるコアシェル型と呼ばれる多層構造重合体であることが好ましく、メタクリル酸メチル単位またはアクリル酸メチル単位をシェル層に含む多層構造重合体であることがさらに好ましい。このような多層構造重合体としては、アクリル単位を含むことや、酸無水物基および/またはグリシジル基を持つ単位を含むことが好ましく、アクリル単位の好適例としては、メタクリル酸メチル単位、アクリル酸メチル単位、アクリル酸エチル単位およびアクリル酸ブチル単位を挙げることができ、酸無水物基やグリシジル基を持つ単位の好適例としては、無水マレイン酸単位やメタクリル酸グリシジル単位を挙げることができる。特に、メタクリル酸メチル単位、アクリル酸メチル単位、無水物マレイン酸単位およびメタクリル酸グリシジル単位から選ばれた少なくとも一つをシェル層に含み、アクリル酸ブチル単位、アクリル酸エチルヘキシル単位、スチレン単位およびブタジエン単位から選ばれた少なくとも一つをコア層に含む多層構造体が好ましく使用される。
【0075】
上記耐衝撃改良剤のガラス転移温度は、−20℃以下であることが好ましく、−30℃以下であることがさらに好ましい。
【0076】
耐衝撃改良剤の配合量は、植物資源由来の樹脂100重量部に対して、1〜100重量部の範囲であることが好ましく、2〜50重量部の範囲であることがさらに好ましい。
【0077】
本発明においては、さらに(G)無機充填剤を配合することが好ましい。本発明で使用する無機充填剤としては、通常熱可塑性樹脂の強化に用いられる繊維状、板状、粒状、粉末状のものを用いることができる。具体的には、ガラス繊維、アスベスト繊維、炭素繊維、グラファイト繊維、金属繊維、チタン酸カリウムウイスカー、ホウ酸アルミニウムウイスカー、マグネシウム系ウイスカー、珪素系ウイスカー、ワラステナイト、セピオライト、アスベスト、スラグ繊維、ゾノライト、エレスタダイト、石膏繊維、シリカ繊維、シリカ・アルミナ繊維、ジルコニア繊維、窒化硼素繊維、窒化硅素繊維および硼素繊維などの繊維状無機充填剤、ガラスフレーク、非膨潤性雲母、膨潤性雲母、グラファイト、金属箔、セラミックビーズ、タルク、クレー、マイカ、セリサイト、ゼオライト、ベントナイト、有機変性ベントナイト、有機変性モンモリロナイト、ドロマイト、カオリン、微粉ケイ酸、長石粉、チタン酸カリウム、シラスバルーン、炭酸カルシウム、炭酸マグネシウム、硫酸バリウム、硫酸マグネシクム、硫酸カルシウム、酸化カルシウム、酸化アルミニウム、酸化チタン、ケイ酸アルミニウム、酸化ケイ素、石膏、ノバキュライト、ドーソナイトおよび白土などの板状や粒状の無機充填剤が挙げられる。これらの無機充填剤の中では、ガラス繊維、ワラステナイト、マイカ、カオリンおよび炭酸カルシウムが好ましく、ガラス繊維、カオリン、炭酸カルシウムがより好ましい。また、繊維状無機充填剤を用いる場合には、そのアスペクト比は5以上であることが好ましく、10以上であることがさらに好ましく、20以上であることがさらに好ましい。
【0078】
上記の無機充填剤は、エチレン/酢酸ビニル共重合体などの熱可塑性樹脂や、エポキシ樹脂などの熱硬化性樹脂で被覆または集束処理されていてもよく、アミノシランやエポキシシランなどのカップリング剤などで処理されていても良い。
【0079】
また、無機充填剤の配合量は、植物資源由来の樹脂100重量部に対して、1〜100重量部が好ましく、5〜50重量部がさらに好ましい。
【0080】
本発明においては、(H)難燃剤を配合することが好ましい。本発明において、難燃剤とは、樹脂に難燃性を付与する目的で添加される物質であれば特に限定されるものではなく、具体的には、臭素系難燃剤、塩素系難燃剤、リン系難燃剤、窒素化合物系難燃剤、シリコーン系難燃剤、その他の無機系難燃剤などが挙げられ、これらから選ばれる少なくとも一種を選択して用いることができる。
【0081】
本発明で用いられる臭素系難燃剤の具体例としては、デカブロモジフェニルオキサイド、オクタブロモジフェニルオキサイド、テトラブロモジフェニルオキサイド、テトラブロモ無水フタル酸、ヘキサブロモシクロドデカン、ビス(2,4,6−トリブロモフェノキシ)エタン、エチレンビステトラブロモフタルイミド、ヘキサブロモベンゼン、1,1−スルホニル[3,5−ジブロモ−4−(2,3−ジブロモプロポキシ)]ベンゼン、ポリジブロモフェニレンオキサイド、テトラブロムビスフェノール−S、トリス(2,3−ジブロモプロピル−1)イソシアヌレート、トリブロモフェノール、トリブロモフェニルアリルエーテル、トリブロモネオペンチルアルコール、ブロム化ポリスチレン、ブロム化ポリエチレン、テトラブロムビスフェノール−A、テトラブロムビスフェノール−A誘導体、テトラブロムビスフェノール−A−エポキシオリゴマーまたはポリマー、テトラブロムビスフェノール−A−カーボネートオリゴマーまたはポリマー、ブロム化フェノールノボラックエポキシなどのブロム化エポキシ樹脂、テトラブロムビスフェノール−A−ビス(2−ヒドロキシジエチルエーテル)、テトラブロムビスフェノール−A−ビス(2,3−ジブロモプロピルエーテル)、テトラブロムビスフェノール−A−ビス(アリルエーテル)、テトラブロモシクロオクタン、エチレンビスペンタブロモジフェニル、トリス(トリブロモネオペンチル)ホスフェート、ポリ(ペンタブロモベンジルポリアクリレート)、オクタブロモトリメチルフェニルインダン、ジブロモネオペンチルグリコール、ペンタブロモベンジルポリアクリレート、ジブロモクレジルグリシジルエーテル、N,N′−エチレン−ビス−テトラブロモフタルイミドなどが挙げられる。なかでも、テトラブロムビスフェノール−A−エポキシオリゴマー、テトラブロムビスフェノール−A−カーボネートオリゴマー、ブロム化エポキシ樹脂が好ましい。
【0082】
本発明で用いられる塩素系難燃剤の具体例としては、塩素化パラフィン、塩素化ポリエチレン、パークロロシクロペンタデカン、テトラクロロ無水フタル酸などが挙げられる。
【0083】
本発明で用いられるリン系難燃剤は特に限定されることはなく、通常一般に用いられるリン系難燃剤を用いることができ、代表的にはリン酸エステル、縮合リン酸エステル、ポリリン酸塩などの有機リン系化合物や、赤リンが挙げられる。
【0084】
上記の有機リン系化合物におけるリン酸エステルの具体例としては、トリメチルホスフェート、トリエチルホスフェート、トリブチルホスフェート、トリ(2−エチルヘキシル)ホスフェート、トリブトキシエチルホスフェート、トリフェニルホスフェート、トリクレジルホスフェート、トリキシレニルホスフェート、トリス(イソプロピルフェニル)ホスフェート、トリス(フェニルフェニル)ホスフェート、トリナフチルホスフェート、クレジルジフェニルホスフェート、キシレニルジフェニルホスフェート、ジフェニル(2−エチルヘキシル)ホスフェート、ジ(イソプロピルフェニル)フェニルホスフェート、モノイソデシルホスフェート、2−アクリロイルオキシエチルアシッドホスフェート、2−メタクリロイルオキシエチルアシッドホスフェート、ジフェニル−2−アクリロイルオキシエチルホスフェート、ジフェニル−2−メタクリロイルオキシエチルホスフェート、メラミンホスフェート、ジメラミンホスフェート、メラミンピロホスフェート、トリフェニルホスフィンオキサイド、トリクレジルホスフィンオキサイド、メタンホスホン酸ジフェニル、フェニルホスホン酸ジエチルなどを挙げることができる。
【0085】
また、レゾルシノールポリフェニルホスフェート、レゾルシノールポリ(ジ−2,6−キシリル)ホスフェート、ビスフェノールAポリクレジルホスフェート、ハイドロキノンポリ(2,6−キシリル)ホスフェートならびにこれらの縮合物などの縮合リン酸エステルを挙げることができる。市販の縮合リン酸エステルとしては、例えば大八化学社製PX−200、PX−201、PX−202、CR−733S、CR−741、CR747を挙げることができる。
【0086】
また、リン酸、ポリリン酸と周期律表IA族〜IVB族の金属、アンモニア、脂肪族アミン、芳香族アミンとの塩からなるポリリン酸塩を挙げることもできる。ポリリン酸塩の代表的な塩として、金属塩としてリチウム塩、ナトリウム塩、カルシウム塩、バリウム塩、鉄(II)塩、鉄(III)塩、アルミニウム塩など、脂肪族アミン塩としてメチルアミン塩、エチルアミン塩、ジエチルアミン塩、トリエチルアミン塩、エチレンジアミン塩、ピペラジン塩などがあり、芳香族アミン塩としてはピリジン塩、トリアジン塩、メラミン塩、アンモニウム塩などが挙げられる。
【0087】
また、上記の他、トリスクロロエチルホスフェート、トリスジクロロプロピルホスフェート、トリス(β−クロロプロピル)ホスフェート)などの含ハロゲンリン酸エステル、また、リン原子と窒素原子が二重結合で結ばれた構造を有するホスファゼン化合物、リン酸エステルアミドを挙げることができる。
【0088】
また、赤リンとしては、未処理の赤リンのみでなく、熱硬化性樹脂被膜、金属水酸化物被膜、金属メッキ被膜から成る群より選ばれる一種以上の化合物被膜により処理された赤リンを好ましく使用することができる。熱硬化性樹脂被膜の熱硬化性樹脂としては、赤リンを被膜できる樹脂であれば特に制限はなく、例えば、フェノール−ホルマリン系樹脂、尿素−ホルマリン系樹脂、メラミン−ホルマリン系樹脂、アルキッド系樹脂などが挙げられる。金属水酸化物被膜の金属水酸化物としては、赤リンを被膜できる樹脂であれば特に制限はなく、例えば、水酸化アルミニウム、水酸化マグネシウム、水酸化亜鉛、水酸化チタンなどを挙げることができる。金属メッキ被膜の金属としては、赤リンを被膜できる樹脂であれば特に制限はなく、Fe、Ni、Co、Cu、Zn、Mn、Ti、Zr、Alまたはこれらの合金などが挙げられる。さらに、これらの被膜はニ種以上組み合わせて、あるいはニ種以上に積層されていてもよい。
【0089】
上記リン系難燃剤の中でも、縮合リン酸エステル、ポリリン酸塩、赤リンが好ましく、縮合リン酸エステル、ポリリン酸塩が特に好ましい。
【0090】
本発明で用いられる窒素化合物系難燃剤としては、脂肪族アミン化合物、芳香族アミン化合物、含窒素複素環化合物、シアン化合物、脂肪族アミド、芳香族アミド、尿素、チオ尿素などを挙げることができる。なお、上記リン系難燃剤で例示したようなポリリン酸アンモニウムなど含窒素リン系難燃剤はここでいう窒素化合物系難燃剤には含まない。脂肪族アミンとしては、エチルアミン、ブチルアミン、ジエチルアミン、エチレンジアミン、ブチレンジアミン、トリエチレンテトラミン、1,2−ジアミノシクロヘキサン、1,2−ジアミノシクロオクタンなどを挙げることができる。芳香族アミンとしては、アニリン、フェニレンジアミンなどを挙げることができる。含窒素複素環化合物としては、尿酸、アデニン、グアニン、2,6−ジアミノプリン、2,4,6−トリアミノピリジン、トリアジン化合物などを挙げることができる。シアン化合物としては、ジシアンジアミドなどを挙げることができる。脂肪族アミドとしては、N,N−ジメチルアセトアミドなどを挙げることができる。芳香族アミドとしては、N,N−ジフェニルアセトアミドなどを挙げることができる。
【0091】
上記において例示したトリアジン化合物は、トリアジン骨格を有する含窒素複素環化合物であり、トリアジン、メラミン、ベンゾグアナミン、メチルグアナミン、シアヌル酸、メラミンシアヌレート、トリメチルトリアジン、トリフェニルトリアジン、アメリン、アメリド、チオシアヌル酸、ジアミノメルカプトトリアジン、ジアミノメチルトリアジン、ジアミノフェニルトリアジン、ジアミノイソプロポキシトリアジンなどを挙げることができる。
【0092】
窒素化合物系難燃剤の中では、含窒素複素環化合物が好ましく、中でもトリアジン化合物が好ましく、さらにメラミンシアヌレートが好ましい。
【0093】
本発明で用いられるシリコーン系難燃剤としては、シリコーン樹脂、シリコーンオイルを挙げることができる。前記シリコーン樹脂は、SiO2、RSiO3/2、R2SiO、R3SiO1/2の構造単位を組み合わせてできる三次元網状構造を有する樹脂などを挙げることができる。ここで、Rはメチル基、エチル基、プロピル基等のアルキル基、または、フェニル基、ベンジル基等の芳香族基、または上記置換基にビニル基を含有した置換基を示す。前記シリコーンオイルは、ポリジメチルシロキサン、およびポリジメチルシロキサンの側鎖あるいは末端の少なくとも1つのメチル基が、水素元素、アルキル基、シクロヘキシル基、フェニル基、ベンジル基、アミノ基、エポキシ基、ポリエーテル基、カルボキシル基、メルカプト基、クロロアルキル基、アルキル高級アルコールエステル基、アルコール基、アラルキル基、ビニル基、またはトリフロロメチル基の選ばれる少なくとも1つの基により変性された変性ポリシロキサン、またはこれらの混合物を挙げることができる。
【0094】
本発明で用いられるその他の無機系難燃剤としては、水酸化マグネシウム、水酸化アルミニウム、三酸化アンチモン、五酸化アンチモン、アンチモン酸ソーダ、ヒドロキシスズ酸亜鉛、スズ酸亜鉛、メタスズ酸、酸化スズ、酸化スズ塩、硫酸亜鉛、酸化亜鉛、酸化第一鉄、酸化第二鉄、酸化第一錫、酸化第二スズ、ホウ酸亜鉛、ホウ酸アンモニウム、オクタモリブデン酸アンモニウム、タングステン酸の金属塩、タングステンとメタロイドとの複合酸化物酸、スルファミン酸アンモニウム、臭化アンモニウム、ジルコニウム系化合物、グアニジン系化合物、フッ素系化合物、黒鉛、膨潤性黒鉛などを挙げることができる。中でも、水酸化マグネシウム、水酸化アルミニウム、ホウ酸亜鉛、フッ素系化合物、膨潤性黒鉛が好ましい。
【0095】
上記難燃剤は、一種で用いても、ニ種以上併用して用いてもかまわない。
【0096】
難燃剤の量は、植物資源由来の樹脂100重量部に対して、0.01〜100重量部であり、さらに0.5〜90重量部がより好ましく、1〜80重量部がさらに好ましい。
【0097】
上記難燃剤の中では、リン系難燃剤、窒素化合物系難燃剤、シリコーン系難燃剤およびその他の無機系難燃剤から選ばれる少なくとも一種以上を用いることが好ましく、リン系難燃剤、窒素化合物系難燃剤、シリコーン系難燃剤およびその他の無機系難燃剤から選ばれる少なくともニ種以上を組み合わせて用いることがより好ましい。
【0098】
また、リン系難燃剤と併用する窒素化合物系難燃剤としては含窒素複素環化合物が好ましく、中でもトリアジン化合物が好ましく、さらにメラミンシアヌレートが好ましい。また、リン系難燃剤と併用するシリコーン系難燃剤としてはシリコーン樹脂が好ましい。また、リン系難燃剤と併用するその他の無機系難燃剤としてはホウ酸亜鉛または膨潤性黒鉛が好ましい。
【0099】
また、リン系難燃剤と窒素化合物系難燃剤、シリコーン系難燃剤またはその他の無機系難燃剤を併用する場合、リン系難燃剤100重量部に対して、窒素化合物系難燃剤、シリコーン系難燃剤またはその他の無機系難燃剤を1〜100重量部用いることが好ましい。
【0100】
リン系難燃剤としては、縮合リン酸エステル、ポリリン酸塩、赤リンの何れか一種以上、なかでも縮合リン酸エステル、ポリリン酸塩の何れか一種以上が好ましい。また、縮合リン酸エステルと窒素化合物系難燃剤を併用するか、ポリリン酸塩と窒素化合物系難燃剤を併用することがさらに好ましく、窒素化合物系難燃剤を縮合リン酸エステルやポリリン酸塩よりも少ない量で用いることが難燃効果が高く好ましい。また、縮合リン酸エステルとしては、芳香族縮合リン酸エステルが好ましく、レゾルシノールポリフェニルホスフェート、レゾルシノールポリ(ジ−2,6−キシリル)ホスフェートが好ましく、レゾルシノールポリ(ジ−2,6−キシリル)ホスフェートの市販例としては大八化学製PX−200を挙げることができる。窒素化合物系難燃剤としては、メラミンシアヌレートが好ましい。
【0101】
本発明においては、制電性を付与できるという点で、さらに帯電防止剤を配合することが好ましい。本発明で使用する帯電防止剤としては、公知のものをいずれも用いることができる。
【0102】
本発明の帯電防止剤において、そのイオン性は特に限定されるものではなく、カチオン性、アニオン性、両性イオン性、非イオン性のいずれを用いてもよいが、植物資源由来の樹脂の熱分解を抑制できるという点で、両性イオン系、非イオン系が好ましく、非イオン系がより好ましい。
【0103】
上記の帯電防止剤の配合量は、植物資源由来の樹脂100重量部に対して、0.1〜10重量部が好ましく、0.5〜5重量部がさらに好ましい。
【0104】
本発明においては、本発明の目的を損なわない範囲で、通常の添加剤、例えば紫外線吸収剤(ベンゾフェノン系化合物、ベンゾトリアゾール系化合物、芳香族ベンゾエート系化合物、蓚酸アニリド系化合物、シアノアクリレート系化合物及びヒンダードアミン系化合物)、熱安定剤(ヒンダードフェノール系化合物、ホスファイト系化合物、チオエーテル系化合物)、滑剤、発泡剤、離形剤、染料および顔料を含む着色剤などの一種またはニ種以上をさらに含有することができる。
【0105】
本発明においては、本発明の目的を損なわない範囲で、他の熱可塑性樹脂、例えば、アクリル樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、芳香族ポリエステル樹脂、ポリアセタール樹脂、ポリフェニレンサルファイド樹脂、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン樹脂、ポリスルホン樹脂、ポリフェニレンオキサイド樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、ポリエーテルイミド樹脂など)、熱硬化性樹脂(例えばフェノール樹脂、メラミン樹脂、その他のポリエステル樹脂、シリコーン樹脂など)などを含有することもできる。
【0106】
本発明において、樹脂組成物の製造方法は特に限定されるものではないが、天然由来の樹脂、天然由来の有機充填剤および必要に応じてその他の添加剤を予めブレンドした後、天然由来の樹脂の融点以上において、2軸押出機やバンバリーミキサーのホッパーに供給し、均一に溶融混練する方法や成形機で直接混練する方法などが好ましく用いられる。また、微細な粉末を使用する場合には、その他の添加物とは独立してホッパーに供給する方法や微細な粉末を圧縮した後に添加する方法などが好ましい。
【0107】
本発明においては、耐トラッキング性が優れることが好ましい。耐トラッキング性は、相対トラッキング指数(CTI)により評価することができ、このCTIが大きいほど耐トラッキング性に優れており、CTIが100以上が好ましく、250V以上がより好ましく、400V以上がさらに好ましく、600V以上であることが最も好ましい。CTIとは、80×80×3mmの角板試験片を用いて、IEC Publication112規格の試験方法に従い、電解質液として0.1%塩化アルミニウム水溶液を30±5秒毎に滴下していき、破壊に至るまでの電解質液滴下数を印加電圧をプロットして50滴で破壊する印加電圧をグラフから読みとることにより求めることができる。
【0108】
このような耐トラッキング性を有する材料を得るためには、耐トラッキング性効果を有するカオリン、硫酸カルシウム、ホウ酸金属塩、水酸化マグネシウム、ガラス繊維などの無機充填剤および/またはポリオレフィン樹脂を配合することが好ましい。
【0109】
本発明においては、難燃性を有することが好ましい。難燃性は、アメリカUL規格サブジェクト94(UL94)の垂直燃焼試験法に従い、燃焼時間もしくは綿発火の有無などにより評価することができ、V−0>V−1>V−2>HBの順にランク付けされており、V−0であることが最も好ましい。燃焼試験に用いる試験片の厚みには、1.5mmもしくは0.8mmが用いられるが、厚みが薄いものほど難燃性は厳しい評価となり、より厚みが薄い0.8mmで難燃性V−0であることが好ましい。このような難燃性を有する材料を得るためには、上記の難燃剤を配合することが好ましい。
【0110】
本発明の電気・電子部品は、通常公知の射出成形、押出成形、プレス成形、ブロー成形、発泡成形、シートモールディング成形などの任意の方法で得ることができる。
【0111】
本発明の電気・電子部品の形状は、特に限定されるものではなく、繊維状、フィルム状、シート状、板状、箱状、塊状、チューブ状など各種形状のものを使用することができる。
【0112】
本発明の電気・電子部品は、ノートパソコン筐体および内部部品、CRTディスプレー筐体および内部部品、プリンター筐体および内部部品、携帯電話、モバイルパソコン、ハンドヘルド型モバイルなどの携帯端末筐体および内部部品、記録媒体(CD、DVD、PD、FDDなど)ドライブの筐体および内部部品、コピー機の筐体および内部部品、ファクシミリの筐体および内部部品、VTR部品、テレビ部品、アイロン、ヘアードライヤー、炊飯器部品、電子レンジ部品、音響部品、ビデオカメラ、オーディオ・レーザーディスク(登録商標)・コンパクトディスクなどの音声機器部品、照明部品、冷蔵庫部品、エアコン部品、タイプライター部品、ワードプロセッサー部品などに代表される家庭・事務電気製品の筐体および内部部品、電子楽器、家庭用ゲーム機、携帯型ゲーム機などの筐体および内部部品、パラボラアンテナ、各種カバー、各種ギヤー、各種ケース、センサー、LEPランプ、コネクター、ソケット、抵抗器、リレーケース、モーターケース、スイッチ、コンデンサー、コンセント部品、モーター部品、トランス、電磁開閉器、バリコンケース、光ピックアップ、発振子、各種端子板、変成器、プラグ、プリント配線板、チューナー、スピーカー、マイクロフォン、ヘッドホン、小型モーター、磁気ヘッドベース、パワーモジュール、半導体、液晶、FDDキャリッジ、FDDシャーシ、モーターブラッシュホルダー、トランス部材、コイルボビンなどの電気・電子部品として利用することができる。中でも、電気・電子部品の筐体、すなわちノートパソコン筐体、CRTディスプレー筐体、プリンター筐体、携帯電話、モバイルパソコン、ハンドヘルド型モバイルなどの携帯端末筐体、記録媒体(CD、DVD、PD、FDDなど)ドライブの筐体、コピー機の筐体、ファクシミリの筐体、家庭・事務電気製品の筐体、電子楽器、家庭用ゲーム機、携帯型ゲーム機などの筐体として特に好適である。
【0113】
本発明においては、部品中の植物資源由来の樹脂の結晶化度が10〜60%であることが好ましく、20〜50%であることがさらに好ましい。なお、部品中の植物資源由来の樹脂の結晶化度は、部品のX線回折により測定することができる
また、本発明においては、植物資源由来の樹脂がポリ乳酸樹脂である場合には、部品中の樹脂組成物におけるポリ乳酸樹脂由来の降温時の結晶化温度(Tc)が観察できることが好ましい。ここで、Tcとは、示差走査熱量計(DSC)により、200℃まで昇温した後、降温速度20℃/分で測定したポリ乳酸樹脂由来の降温時結晶化温度である。Tcは、特に限定されるものではないが、成形性の観点から、100℃以上が好ましく、105℃以上がより好ましく、110℃以上がさらに好ましい。
【0114】
また、本発明においては、植物資源由来の樹脂がポリ乳酸樹脂である場合には、部品中のポリ乳酸樹脂由来の結晶融解エンタルピー(ΔHm)と昇温時の結晶化エンタルピー(ΔHcc)から求められる相対結晶化度[{(ΔHm−ΔHcc)/ΔHm}×100]が、70%以上であることが好ましく、90%以上であることがより好ましく、93%以上であることがさらに好ましく、96%以上であることが特に好ましく、100%であることが最も好ましい。ここで、ΔHccとは、DSCにより昇温速度20℃/分で測定したポリ乳酸樹脂由来の結晶化エンタルピーであり、ΔHmとは、DSCにより昇温速度20℃/分で測定したポリ乳酸樹脂由来の結晶融解エンタルピーであるが、1回目の測定(1stRUN)で昇温速度20℃/分で30℃から200℃まで昇温した後、降温速度20℃/分で30℃まで冷却し、さらに2回目の測定(2ndRUN)で昇温速度20℃/分で30℃から200℃まで昇温した場合に、2ndRUNにおいて測定される結晶融解エンタルピーであることが好ましい。
【0115】
このような結晶化特性を有する電気・電子部品は、上記記載の好ましい天然物由来の有機充填剤、すなわち、特定の灰分量、その特定組成を有するもの、特定粒径の微粒子が付着したものから選択して用いた樹脂組成物を成形することにより得ることができる。
【0116】
本発明の電気・電子部品は、使用後にリサイクルして、再び電気・電子部品として使用することもでき、また、電気・電子部品以外の部品として使用することもできる。
【0117】
【実施例】
以下、実施例により本発明をさらに詳述する。なお、実施例中の部数は、全て重量基準である。また、使用した原料および表中の符号は以下に示す。
(A)植物資源由来の樹脂
(A−1)ポリ乳酸(D体1.2%、PMMA換算の重量平均分子量17万)
(A−2)ポリヒドロキシ(ブチレート/バリレート)(モンサント製バイオポール)
(B)天然由来の有機充填剤
(B−1)厚み2mmの板紙を粉砕した古紙粉末
(B−2)新聞紙を解繊した古紙粉末
(B−3)木粉(レッテンマイヤー製リグノセルP−SUPER)
(B−4)繊維長1〜10mmのケナフ繊維
(C)カルボキシル末端反応性末端封鎖剤
(C−1)カルボジイミド化合物(日清紡製カルボジライトHMV−8CA)
(D)結晶化促進剤
(D−1)タルク(竹原化学製ハイトロン)
(D−2)ポリエチレングリコール(三洋化成製PEG4000)
(E)脂肪族ポリエステルまたは脂肪族芳香族ポリエステル
(E−1)ポリブチレン(テレフタレート/アジペート)(BASF製エコフレックス)
(F)耐衝撃改良剤
(F−1)コアシェルゴム(三菱レイヨン製メタブレンS2001)
(F−2)エポキシ変性スチレン/ブタジエン共重合体(ダイセル化学工業製エポフレンドA1010)
(G)無機充填剤
(G−1)クレイ(サザンクレイ製クロイサイト30B)
(G−2)カオリン(エンゲルハード製トランスリンク555)
(H)難燃剤
(H−1)芳香族縮合リン酸エステル(大八化学工業製PX−200)
(H−2)メラミンシアヌレート(日産化学製MC−440)
[実施例1〜6、比較例1]
表1に示した植物資源由来の樹脂および天然由来の有機充填剤を、表1に示した割合で混合し、30mm径の2軸押出機を用い、シリンダー温度190℃、回転数100rpmの条件で溶融混練を行い、樹脂組成物を得た。
【0118】
得られた樹脂組成物をシリンダー温度190℃、金型温度100℃で射出成形を行うことにより、厚み3mmのASTM試験片を得た。なお、金型から引張試験片を取り出す際に、変形のない固化した成形品が得られる最短の時間を成形サイクル時間として射出成形を行った。
【0119】
上記で作製したASTM試験片を用い、ASTM法D638に準じて引張試験を、ASTM法D790に準じて曲げ試験を、ASTM法D256に準じてアイゾッド衝撃試験を、ASTM法D648に準じて荷重たわみ温度(0.45MPa)の測定を行った。また、引張試験片を恒温恒湿槽で60℃、相対湿度95%、200時間処理した後、引張強度を測定し湿熱処理後の引張強度保持率を求めた。
【0120】
また、作製した曲げ試験片のポリ乳酸樹脂由来の昇温時の結晶化温度(Tcc)、結晶化エンタルピー(ΔHcc)、結晶融解エンタルピー(ΔHm)、降温時の結晶化温度(Tc)を測定した。測定方法は、パーキンエルマー製DSC7を用いて、試料10mg、窒素雰囲気下中、1stRUNとして、昇温速度20℃/分で30℃から200℃まで昇温し、200℃で5分間保持した後、降温速度20℃/分で200℃から30℃まで降温し、30℃で1分間保持した後、さらに2ndRUNとして、昇温速度20℃/分で30℃から200℃まで昇温した。なお、1stRUNの昇温時に観察されるポリ乳酸樹脂のTccおよびΔHcc、2ndRUNの昇温時に観察されるポリ乳酸樹脂のΔHmを求め、得られた値から相対結晶化度[{(ΔHm−ΔHcc)/ΔHm}×100]を求めた。
【0121】
また、シリンダー温度190℃、金型温度90℃で、ノートパソコンの筐体(ディスプレイ背面部品)の射出成形を行い、成形性および外観について下記基準により3段階で評価した。
【0122】
◎:形状が保持されており、表面のざらつきがなく、光沢がある。
【0123】
○:形状が保持されており、表面のざらつきが少しあるものの、光沢がある。
【0124】
×:形状が保持されず、成形ができない。
【0125】
これらの結果を表1に併せて示す。
【0126】
【表1】
【0127】
表1の結果から、本発明の電気・電子部品は、成形性、機械特性、耐熱性、耐久性、外観に優れることがわかる。
【0128】
また、上記実施例で用いた古紙粉末(B−1およびB−2)について、電気炉で450℃、12時間処理して灰分量を求めた。さらに、得られた灰分について、蛍光X線装置を用いて、分析を行った。分析結果を表2に示す。
【0129】
【表2】
【0130】
表1および表2の結果から、アルミニウム、ケイ素、カルシウム、硫黄、マグネシウムを含み、かつ、アルミニウムの含有量がマグネシウムの含有量よりも2倍以上である紙粉を用いることにより、成形性、機械特性、耐熱性、耐久性、外観に優れることがわかる。
【0131】
[実施例7〜14、比較例2〜6]
表3に示した植物資源由来の樹脂などの各種材料を、表3に示した割合で混合し、30mm径の2軸押出機で、シリンダー温度190℃、回転数100rpmの条件で溶融混練を行い、樹脂組成物を得た。
【0132】
得られた樹脂組成物をシリンダー温度190℃、金型温度90℃で射出成形を行うことにより、厚み3mmのASTM試験片を得た。なお、金型から引張試験片を取り出す際に、変形のない固化した成形品が得られる最短の時間を成形サイクル時間として射出成形を行った。
【0133】
上記で作製したASTM試験片を用い、ASTM法D638に準じて引張試験を、ASTM法D790に準じて曲げ試験を、ASTM法D256に準じてアイゾッド衝撃試験を、ASTM法D648に準じて荷重たわみ温度(0.45MPa)の測定を行った。また、引張試験片を恒温恒湿槽で60℃、相対湿度95%、200時間処理した後、引張強度を測定し湿熱処理後の引張強度保持率を求めた。
【0134】
また、作製した曲げ試験片のポリ乳酸樹脂由来の昇温時の結晶化温度(Tcc)、結晶化エンタルピー(ΔHcc)、結晶融解エンタルピー(ΔHm)、降温時の結晶化温度(Tc)を測定した。測定方法は、パーキンエルマー製DSC7を用いて、試料10mg、窒素雰囲気下中、1stRUNとして、昇温速度20℃/分で30℃から200℃まで昇温し、200℃で5分間保持した後、降温速度20℃/分で200℃から30℃まで降温し、30℃で1分間保持した後、さらに2ndRUNとして、昇温速度20℃/分で30℃から200℃まで昇温した。なお、1stRUNの昇温時に観察されるポリ乳酸樹脂のTccおよびΔHcc、2ndRUNの昇温時に観察されるポリ乳酸樹脂のΔHmを求め、得られた値から相対結晶化度[{(ΔHm−ΔHcc)/ΔHm}×100]を求めた。
【0135】
また、シリンダー温度190℃、金型温度90℃で、ノートパソコンの筐体の射出成形を行い、成形性および外観について下記基準により3段階で評価した。
【0136】
◎:形状が保持されており、表面のざらつきがなく、光沢がある。
【0137】
○:形状が保持されており、表面のざらつきが少しあるものの、光沢がある。
【0138】
×:形状が保持されず、成形ができない。
【0139】
これらの結果を表3に併せて示す。
【0140】
【表3】
【0141】
表3の結果から、本発明の電気・電子部品は、成形性、機械特性、耐熱性、耐久性、外観に優れることがわかる。
【0142】
[実施例15〜18、比較例7〜8]
表4に示した植物資源由来の樹脂などの各種材料を、表4に示した割合で混合し、30mm径の2軸押出機で、シリンダー温度190℃、回転数100rpmの条件で溶融混練を行い、樹脂組成物を得た。
【0143】
得られた樹脂組成物をシリンダー温度190℃、金型温度90℃、成形サイクル時間45秒で射出成形を行うことにより、各種試験片を得た。
【0144】
上記で作製した厚み3mmのASTM試験片を用い、ASTM法D638に準じて引張試験を、ASTM法D790に準じて曲げ試験を、ASTM法D256に準じてアイゾッド衝撃試験を、ASTM法D648に準じて荷重たわみ温度(0.45MPa)の測定を行った。
【0145】
また、作製した曲げ試験片のポリ乳酸樹脂由来の昇温時の結晶化温度(Tcc)、結晶化エンタルピー(ΔHcc)、結晶融解エンタルピー(ΔHm)、降温時の結晶化温度(Tc)を測定した。測定方法は、パーキンエルマー製DSC7を用いて、試料10mg、窒素雰囲気下中、1stRUNとして、昇温速度20℃/分で30℃から200℃まで昇温し、200℃で5分間保持した後、降温速度20℃/分で200℃から30℃まで降温し、30℃で1分間保持した後、さらに2ndRUNとして、昇温速度20℃/分で30℃から200℃まで昇温した。なお、1stRUNの昇温時に観察されるポリ乳酸樹脂のTccおよびΔHcc、2ndRUNの昇温時に観察されるポリ乳酸樹脂のΔHmを求め、得られた値から相対結晶化度[{(ΔHm−ΔHcc)/ΔHm}×100]を求めた。
【0146】
また、射出成形により作製した80×80×3mmの角板試験片を用いて、IEC Publication112規格の試験方法に従い、電解質液として0.1%塩化アルミニウム水溶液を30±5秒毎に滴下していき、破壊に至るまでの電解質液滴下数を印加電圧をプロットして50滴で破壊する印加電圧をグラフから読みとり、この数値を相対トラッキング指数(以下、CTI)とし、下記基準により4段階で評価した。
【0147】
◎:CTI≧600V
○:600V>CTI≧250V
△:250V>CTI≧100V
×:100V>CTI
また、射出成形により作製した127×12.7×0.8mmの試験片を用いて、アメリカUL規格サブジェクト94(UL94)の垂直燃焼試験法に従い燃焼試験を行い、難燃性を評価した。
【0148】
また、シリンダー温度190℃、金型温度90℃で、ノートパソコンの筐体(ディスプレイ背面部品)の射出成形を行い、成形性および外観について下記基準により3段階で評価した。
【0149】
◎:形状が保持されており、表面のざらつきがなく、光沢がある。
【0150】
○:形状が保持されており、表面のざらつきが少しあるものの、光沢がある。
【0151】
×:形状が保持されず、成形ができない。
【0152】
これらの結果を表4に併せて示す。
【0153】
【表4】
【0154】
表4の結果から、本発明の電気・電子部品は、成形性、機械特性、耐熱性、電気特性、難燃性、外観に優れることがわかる。
【0155】
[実施例19〜21]
実施例2、11および17で得られた樹脂組成物を、各種射出成形用金型を用いて、シリンダー温度190℃、金型温度90℃で射出成形を行い、携帯電話筐体および電源プラグ(平型キャップ)を問題なく作製することができた。
【0156】
作製した携帯電話筐体の表面外観について、下記基準により3段階で評価した。
【0157】
◎:表面のざらつきがなく、光沢がある。
【0158】
○:表面のざらつきが少しあるものの、光沢がある。
【0159】
×:表面のざらつきがあり、光沢がない。
【0160】
作製した携帯電話筐体のポリ乳酸樹脂由来の昇温時の結晶化温度(Tcc)、結晶化エンタルピー(ΔHcc)、結晶融解エンタルピー(ΔHm)を測定した。測定方法は、パーキンエルマー製DSC7を用いて、試料10mg、窒素雰囲気下中、1stRUNとして、昇温速度20℃/分で30℃から200℃まで昇温し、200℃で5分間保持した後、降温速度20℃/分で200℃から30℃まで降温し、30℃で1分間保持した後、さらに2ndRUNとして、昇温速度20℃/分で30℃から200℃まで昇温し、1stRUNの昇温時に観察されるポリ乳酸樹脂のTccおよびΔHcc、2ndRUNの昇温時に観察されるポリ乳酸樹脂のΔHmを求め、得られた値から相対結晶化度[{(ΔHm−ΔHcc)/ΔHm}×100]を求めた。
【0161】
また、作製した携帯電話筐体について、透過型電子顕微鏡(TEM)を用いて、倍率8万倍で、セルロース表面上の微粒子について調べた。
【0162】
また、作製した携帯電話筐体を140℃の熱風乾燥機に1時間静置した後、変形の有無について目視で下記基準により2段階で評価した。
【0163】
○:変形なし
×:変形あり
また、携帯電話筐体を恒温恒湿槽で60℃、相対湿度95%、100時間処理した後、処理前後での重量平均分子量(Mw)を測定し、分子量保持率[(処理後のMw/処理前のMw)×100]を求めた。
【0164】
これらの結果を表5に示す。
【0165】
【表5】
【0166】
表5の結果から、本発明の電気・電子部品は、外観、耐熱性、耐久性に優れることがわかる。
【0167】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、成形性、機械特性、耐熱性、耐久性、外観に優れ、好ましい態様においては、難燃性、電気特性に優れる植物資源由来の樹脂製の電気・電子部品が提供される。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an electrical / electronic component having excellent moldability, mechanical properties, heat resistance, durability, and appearance, and in a preferred embodiment, excellent in flame retardancy and electrical properties.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, the problem of depletion of fossil resources such as petroleum has been highlighted, and biopolymers made of resin derived from plant resources have attracted attention as plastic materials.
[0003]
Among these, polylactic acid resin is a biopolymer that can be melt-molded with lactic acid, which is a monomer, produced at low cost by fermentation using microorganisms from plant resources such as corn and sweet potato, and has a high melting point of about 170 ° C. Expected.
[0004]
As one of its utilization methods, it is desired to use it for electrical and electronic parts in which plastics made from fossil resources such as polypropylene and ABS are used. Patent Document 1 describes that polylactic acid resin is used as an electrical component such as a casing, but the heat resistance is insufficient due to insufficient crystallization characteristics of polylactic acid resin. There was also a problem with the appearance. Furthermore, in order to use widely as an electric / electronic component, there is a strong demand for an electric / electronic component having flame resistance in addition to heat resistance and appearance.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
JP2003-128900A (pages 2 to 8)
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been achieved as a result of examining the solution of the problems in the above-described prior art as an object. That is, the electrical / electronic component formed by molding a resin composition comprising a plant resource-derived resin and a naturally-occurring organic filler improves the problems of conventional plant resource-derived resins, moldability, It is excellent in mechanical properties, heat resistance, durability, and appearance, and in a preferred embodiment, it is found that an electric / electronic component excellent in flame retardancy and electrical properties is provided.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The inventors of the present invention have arrived at the present invention as a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems.
[0008]
That is, the present invention
(A) Electric / electronic parts formed by molding a resin composition obtained by blending 1 to 350 parts by weight of (B) a natural organic filler with respect to 100 parts by weight of a plant resource-derived resin,
(A) The electrical / electronic component as described above, wherein the plant resource-derived resin is a polylactic acid resin,
(B) The electrical / electronic component according to the above, wherein the organic filler derived from nature is at least one selected from paper powder, wood powder, or kenaf fiber,
(B) The electrical / electronic component according to the above, wherein 50% by weight or more of the naturally-derived organic filler is waste paper powder,
The electricity as described above, wherein the resin composition is obtained by further blending 0.01 to 10 parts by weight of (C) a carboxyl-terminal reactive terminal blocking agent with respect to (A) 100 parts by weight of a plant resource-derived resin.・ Electronic parts,
The electrical / electronic device according to the above, wherein the resin composition is obtained by further blending 0.01 to 30 parts by weight of (D) a crystallization accelerator with respect to 100 parts by weight of the resin derived from (A) plant resources. parts,
The resin composition comprises (A) 100 parts by weight of a plant resource-derived resin, and (E) 1 to 200 parts by weight of an aliphatic polyester resin and / or an aliphatic aromatic polyester resin other than the plant resource-derived resin. The electrical / electronic parts as described above, which are blended,
The electrical / electronic component according to the above, wherein the resin composition comprises (A) 100 parts by weight of a plant resource-derived resin, and (F) 1 to 100 parts by weight of an impact resistance improver.
The electrical / electronic component according to the above, wherein the resin composition is obtained by further blending 1 to 100 parts by weight of (G) an inorganic filler with respect to (A) 100 parts by weight of a plant resource-derived resin,
The electrical / electronic component as described above, wherein the resin composition is obtained by further blending 0.01 to 100 parts by weight of (H) a flame retardant with respect to (A) 100 parts by weight of a resin derived from plant resources.
(H) The electrical / electronic component as described above, wherein the flame retardant is at least one selected from a phosphorus flame retardant, a nitrogen compound flame retardant, a silicone flame retardant, and other inorganic flame retardants,
The electrical / electronic component according to the above, wherein the plant resource-derived resin is a polylactic acid resin, and the crystallization temperature (Tc) when the temperature is lowered derived from the polylactic acid resin is 100 ° C. or higher.
The resin derived from plant resources is a polylactic acid resin, and the relative crystallinity [{(ΔHm−ΔHcc) / ΔHm] obtained from the crystal melting enthalpy (ΔHm) derived from the polylactic acid resin and the crystallization enthalpy (ΔHcc) at elevated temperature. } × 100] is 93% or more, the electrical / electronic component according to the above,
The above-mentioned electrical / electronic component, wherein the paper dust contains aluminum, silicon, calcium,
The electrical / electronic component according to the above, wherein the paper powder contains aluminum, silicon, calcium, and sulfur,
The electrical / electronic component as described above, wherein the electrical / electronic component is a housing,
It is.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The (A) plant resource-derived resin used in the present invention is melt-moldable, and part or all of the monomer units forming the resin are made from plant resources such as corn, sweet potato, sugar cane, and wood. If it is, it will not be restrict | limited in particular. The resin derived from plant resources may be made from plant resources directly from glucose by microorganisms, such as polyhydroxybutyrate (for example, it is obtained using glucose from plant resources using microorganisms). Polyhydroxybutyrate, etc.), and once the monomer is made, it may be made by polymerizing the monomer (for example, lactic acid is obtained from glucose by microorganisms and polymerized. And polylactic acid obtained by the following method). Specific examples of monomer units obtained from these plant resources include lactic acid units, glycolic acid units, hydroxycarboxylic acid units such as hydroxybutanoic acid units, diol units such as butanediol, dicarboxylic acid units such as succinic acid, and glucose units. Is mentioned. When the monomer unit has optically active carbon, the optical purity of the monomer unit is usually high. Specific examples of resins derived from plant resources include polyhydroxyalkanoate resins such as polylactic acid resins, polyglycolic acid resins, and polyhydroxybutyrate resins, cellulose ester resins, polypropylene terephthalate resins, and polybutylene succinate resins. However, polylactic acid resin is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of heat resistance.
[0010]
The plant resource-derived resins may be used singly or in combination of two or more, but in the case of using two or more types in combination, a polylactic acid resin and other plant resource-derived resins may be used in combination. Preferably, 1 to 200 parts by weight of a resin derived from other plant resources is preferably used, more preferably 10 to 100 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the polylactic acid resin.
[0011]
The polylactic acid resin used in the present invention is a polymer mainly composed of L-lactic acid and / or D-lactic acid, but may contain other copolymerization components other than lactic acid. Other monomer units include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butanediol, heptanediol, hexanediol, octanediol, nonanediol, decanediol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, neopentyl glycol, glycerin, pentane. Glycol compounds such as erythritol, bisphenol A, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol and polytetramethylene glycol, oxalic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, azelaic acid, dodecanedioic acid, malonic acid, glutaric acid, cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, terephthalic acid , Isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, bis (p-carboxyphenyl) methane, anthracene dicarboxylic acid, 4,4′-diphenyl ether dicarbohydrate Acids, dicarboxylic acids such as 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid, 5-tetrabutylphosphonium isophthalic acid, hydroxycarboxylic acids such as glycolic acid, hydroxypropionic acid, hydroxybutyric acid, hydroxyvaleric acid, hydroxycaproic acid, hydroxybenzoic acid, and caprolactone And lactones such as valerolactone, propiolactone, undecalactone, and 1,5-oxepan-2-one. Such a copolymer component is preferably contained in an amount of generally 0 to 30 mol%, preferably 0 to 10 mol%, in all monomer components.
[0012]
In the present invention, it is preferable to use a polylactic acid resin having a high optical purity of the lactic acid component from the viewpoint of heat resistance. That is, among the total lactic acid components of the polylactic acid resin, it is preferable that 70% or more of the L isomer or 70% or more of the D isomer, and 80% or more of the L isomer or 80% or more of the D isomer. It is particularly preferred that 90% or more of the L isomer or 90% or more of the D isomer is contained, and 98% or more of the L isomer or 98% or more of the D isomer is contained. More preferably, the L-form is contained at 99% or more, or the D-form is contained at 99% or more. Moreover, the upper limit of the content of L-form or D-form is usually 100% or less.
[0013]
As a method for producing the polylactic acid resin, a known polymerization method can be used, and examples thereof include a direct polymerization method from lactic acid and a ring-opening polymerization method via lactide.
[0014]
The molecular weight and molecular weight distribution of the polylactic acid resin are not particularly limited as long as it can be substantially molded, but the weight average molecular weight is usually 10,000 or more, preferably 40,000 or more, and further 8 It is desirable to be 10,000 or more. The weight average molecular weight here refers to the molecular weight in terms of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) measured by gel permeation chromatography.
[0015]
The melting point of the polylactic acid resin is not particularly limited, but is preferably 120 ° C. or higher, more preferably 150 ° C. or higher, and particularly preferably 160 ° C. or higher. The melting point of the polylactic acid resin is usually increased by increasing the optical purity of the lactic acid component, and the polylactic acid resin having a melting point of 120 ° C. or higher contains 90% or more of the L form or 90% or more of the D form. In addition, a polylactic acid resin having a melting point of 150 ° C. or higher can be obtained by containing 95% or more of L-form or 95% or more of D-form.
[0016]
The (B) naturally-derived organic filler used in the present invention is derived from a natural product, preferably contains cellulose, and is not particularly limited.
[0017]
Specific examples of naturally-occurring organic fillers include rice husks, wood chips, okara, waste paper pulverized materials, chip sized materials such as clothing pulverized materials, cotton fibers, hemp fibers, bamboo fibers, wood fibers, kenaf fibers, jute Fiber, banana fiber, plant fiber such as coconut fiber, pulp or cellulose fiber processed from these plant fibers and fiber such as animal fibers such as silk, wool, Angola, cashmere, camel, paper powder, wood flour , Bamboo powder, cellulose powder, rice husk powder, fruit husk powder, chitin powder, chitosan powder, protein, starch, etc. From the viewpoint of moldability, paper powder, wood powder, bamboo powder, cellulose powder , Rice husk powder, fruit husk powder, chitin powder, chitosan powder, protein powder, starch powder, hemp fiber, kenaf fiber, jute fiber, paper powder, wood powder Bamboo powder, cellulose powder, more preferably kenaf fiber, paper powder, wood flour, more preferably kenaf fiber, paper dust is particularly preferred. In addition, these naturally-derived organic fillers may be collected directly from natural products, but from the viewpoint of protecting the global environment and conserving resources, waste materials such as waste paper, waste wood and old clothes are recycled. May be used.
[0018]
Waste paper is newspaper, magazine, other recycled pulp, or paperboard such as corrugated cardboard, cardboard, paper tube, etc. Any one can be used as long as it is processed from plant fiber. From the viewpoint of safety, crushed paperboard such as newspaper and corrugated cardboard, cardboard and paper tube is preferred.
[0019]
In addition, specific examples of wood used for wood flour include softwood materials such as pine, cedar, oak, and fir, and broad-leaved wood materials such as beech, shy, and eucalyptus.
[0020]
Although it does not specifically limit as paper powder, It is preferable that an adhesive agent is included from a viewpoint of a moldability. The adhesive is not particularly limited as long as it is usually used when processing paper. Emulsion adhesives such as vinyl acetate resin emulsions and acrylic resin emulsions, polyvinyl alcohol adhesives, Examples include cellulose-based adhesives, natural rubber-based adhesives, starch paste, and hot-melt adhesives such as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin-based adhesives and polyamide-based adhesives. Emulsion-based adhesives, polyvinyl alcohol-based adhesives An adhesive and a hot melt adhesive are preferable, and an emulsion adhesive and a polyvinyl alcohol adhesive are more preferable. These adhesives are also used as binders for paper processing agents. Adhesives include clay, bentonite, talc, kaolin, montmorillonite, mica, synthetic mica, zeolite, silica, graphite, carbon black, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, titanium oxide, calcium sulfide, magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, carbonic acid. Inorganic fillers such as barium, barium sulfate, aluminum oxide and neodymium oxide are preferably contained, and clay, bentonite, talc, kaolin, montmorillonite, synthetic mica and silica are more preferable.
[0021]
Moreover, as a paper powder, from a moldability viewpoint, it is preferable that an ash content is 5 weight% or more, It is more preferable that it is 5.5 weight% or more, It is further more preferable that it is 8 weight% or more. The upper limit is not particularly limited, but is preferably 60% by weight or less, and more preferably 30% by weight or less. Here, the ash content is a ratio of the weight of the remaining ash content when the organic filler is baked at a high temperature of 450 ° C. or higher for 8 hours using an electric furnace or the like to the weight of the paper powder before baking.
[0022]
The paper powder preferably contains 5 to 20% by weight of an inorganic compound in the paper powder, more preferably contains aluminum, silicon, or calcium as an element of the inorganic compound, aluminum, silicon, calcium, Those containing sulfur are more preferred, those containing aluminum, silicon, calcium, sulfur and magnesium are particularly preferred, and those containing aluminum at least twice the content of magnesium are particularly preferred.
[0023]
The abundance ratio of aluminum, silicon, calcium, sulfur, and magnesium is not particularly limited. For example, when the total number of the elements is 100, aluminum is 1 to 60 mol% and silicon is 20 to 90. It is preferable that the mol%, calcium is 1 to 30 mol%, sulfur is 1 to 20 mol%, magnesium is 0 to 20 mol%, aluminum is 10 to 55 mol%, silicon is 20 to 85 mol%, and calcium is More preferably, it is 1 to 25 mol%, sulfur is 1 to 15 mol%, magnesium is 0 to 10 mol%, aluminum is 20 to 50 mol%, silicon is 25 to 80 mol%, and calcium is 3 to 20 mol%. %, Sulfur is 2 to 10 mol%, and magnesium is more preferably 0 to 8 mol%. About these elemental analysis, although it can measure even if it uses both the simple substance of a natural origin organic filler, and the ash content of a natural origin organic filler, in this invention, ash content is used. Elemental analysis is performed by using an apparatus that combines X-ray fluorescence analysis, atomic absorption spectrometry, scanning electron microscope (SEM) or transmission electron microscope (TEM), and energy dispersive X-ray microanalyzer (XMA). Although it can be measured, fluorescent X-ray analysis is used in the present invention.
[0024]
Moreover, as a paper powder, it is preferable from the viewpoint of a moldability to contain the cellulose which microparticles | fine-particles adhere on the surface. The fine particles are not particularly limited, and may be an inorganic filler contained in the adhesive as described above, and may be either an organic material or other inorganic material. The thing containing is preferable. The shape of the fine particles may be any of a needle shape, a plate shape, and a spherical shape. The size of the fine particles is not particularly limited, but is preferably distributed in the range of 0.1 to 5000 nm, more preferably in the range of 0.3 to 1000 nm. More preferably, it is distributed in the range of ˜500 nm, particularly preferably in the range of 1 to 100 nm, and most preferably in the range of 1 to 80 nm. Here, “distributed” in a specific range means that 80% or more of the total number of fine particles is included in the specific range. The adhesion form of the fine particles may be either in an aggregated state or a dispersed state, but is more preferably adhered in a dispersed state. The size of the fine particles can be measured with a transmission electron microscope at a magnification of 80,000 times with a molded product obtained from a resin composition containing a naturally-derived resin and a naturally-derived organic filler. The total number is an arbitrary 100.
[0025]
Moreover, also in the organic filler derived from other natural products other than paper dust, it is preferable to select and use the above characteristics, that is, the ash content, the composition having the ash content, and the fine particles adhered.
[0026]
Moreover, in this invention, as long as the resin composition of this invention is obtained, the organic filler derived from a natural product can be used by 1 type, or 2 or more types, However, It should contain the paper powder which has the said preferable characteristic. preferable. Further, it is preferable to contain 50% by weight or more of waste paper powder.
[0027]
In the present invention, it is preferable to further blend (C) a carboxyl group-reactive end-blocking agent. The carboxyl group-reactive end-blocking agent used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound that can block the carboxyl end group of the polymer, and those used as the carboxyl-terminal blocking agent of the polymer are used. be able to. In the present invention, such a carboxyl group-reactive end-blocking agent not only blocks the end of a naturally-derived resin, but also lactic acid and formic acid produced by thermal decomposition or hydrolysis of a naturally-derived resin or a naturally-derived organic filler. The carboxyl group of acidic low molecular weight compounds such as can also be blocked. Further, the end-capping agent is more preferably a compound that can also block the hydroxyl end where an acidic low molecular weight compound is generated by thermal decomposition.
[0028]
As such a carboxyl group-reactive end-blocking agent, it is preferable to use at least one compound selected from an epoxy compound, an oxazoline compound, an oxazine compound, and a carbodiimide compound, and among them, an epoxy compound and / or a carbodiimide compound are preferable.
[0029]
As an epoxy compound that can be used as a carboxyl group-reactive end-blocking agent in the present invention, a glycidyl ether compound, a glycidyl ester compound, a glycidyl amine compound, a glycidyl imide compound, and an alicyclic epoxy compound can be preferably used. By blending these, a molded product having excellent mechanical properties, moldability, heat resistance and durability can be obtained.
[0030]
Examples of glycidyl ether compounds include butyl glycidyl ether, stearyl glycidyl ether, allyl glycidyl ether, phenyl glycidyl ether, o-phenylphenyl glycidyl ether, ethylene oxide lauryl alcohol glycidyl ether, ethylene oxide phenol glycidyl ether, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polyethylene glycol Diglycidyl ether, propylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether, neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether, polytetramethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, cyclohexanedimethanol diglycidyl ether, glycerol triglycidyl ether, trimethylolpropane trig Bisphenols such as sidyl ether, pentaerythritol polyglycidyl ether, 2,2-bis- (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, 2,2-bis- (4-hydroxyphenyl) methane, bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfone; Examples thereof include a bisphenol A diglycidyl ether type epoxy resin, a bisphenol F diglycidyl ether type epoxy resin, a bisphenol S diglycidyl ether type epoxy resin obtained from a condensation reaction with epichlorohydrin. Among these, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether type epoxy resin is preferable.
[0031]
Examples of glycidyl ester compounds include benzoic acid glycidyl ester, p-toluic acid glycidyl ester, cyclohexanecarboxylic acid glycidyl ester, stearic acid glycidyl ester, lauric acid glycidyl ester, palmitic acid glycidyl ester, versatic acid glycidyl ester, oleic acid glycidyl ester Ester, linoleic acid glycidyl ester, linolenic acid glycidyl ester, terephthalic acid diglycidyl ester, isophthalic acid diglycidyl ester, phthalic acid diglycidyl ester, naphthalene dicarboxylic acid diglycidyl ester, bibenzoic acid diglycidyl ester, methyl terephthalic acid diglycidyl ester , Hexahydrophthalic acid diglycidyl ester, tetrahydrophthalic acid diglycidyl ester, Hexane dicarboxylic acid diglycidyl ester, adipic acid diglycidyl ester, succinic acid diglycidyl ester, sebacic acid diglycidyl ester, dodecanedioic acid diglycidyl ester, octadecanedicarboxylic acid diglycidyl ester, trimellitic acid triglycidyl ester, pyromellitic acid tetra A glycidyl ester etc. can be mentioned. Among these, benzoic acid glycidyl ester and versatic acid glycidyl ester are preferable.
[0032]
Examples of glycidylamine compounds include tetraglycidylaminodiphenylmethane, triglycidyl-paraaminophenol, triglycidyl-metaaminophenol, diglycidylaniline, diglycidyltoluidine, tetraglycidylmetaxylenediamine, diglycidyltribromoaniline, tetraglycidylbisamino Examples include methylcyclohexane, triglycidyl cyanurate, and triglycidyl isocyanurate.
[0033]
Examples of glycidylimide compounds include N-glycidylphthalimide, N-glycidyl-4-methylphthalimide, N-glycidyl-4,5-dimethylphthalimide, N-glycidyl-3-methylphthalimide, N-glycidyl-3,6- Dimethylphthalimide, N-glycidyl-4-ethoxyphthalimide, N-glycidyl-4-chlorophthalimide, N-glycidyl-4,5-dichlorophthalimide, N-glycidyl-3,4,5,6-tetrabromophthalimide, N -Glycidyl-4-n-butyl-5-bromophthalimide, N-glycidyl succinimide, N-glycidyl hexahydrophthalimide, N-glycidyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalimide, N-glycidyl maleimide, N- Glycidyl-α, β-dimethyl Succinimide, N-glycidyl-α-ethylsuccinimide, N-glycidyl-α-propylsuccinimide, N-glycidylbenzamide, N-glycidyl-p-methylbenzamide, N-glycidylnaphthamide, N-glycidylsteramide, etc. be able to. Of these, N-glycidylphthalimide is preferable.
[0034]
Examples of alicyclic epoxy compounds include 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexylcarboxylate, bis (3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl) adipate, vinylcyclohexene diepoxide, N-methyl-4, 5-epoxycyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic imide, N-ethyl-4,5-epoxycyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic imide, N-phenyl-4,5-epoxycyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic imide N-naphthyl-4,5-epoxycyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic imide, N-tolyl-3-methyl-4,5-epoxycyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic imide, and the like.
[0035]
Further, as other epoxy compounds, epoxy-modified fatty acid glycerides such as epoxidized soybean oil, epoxidized linseed oil, and epoxidized whale oil, phenol novolac type epoxy resins, cresol nozolac type epoxy resins, and the like can be used.
[0036]
Examples of the oxazoline compound that can be used as a carboxyl group-reactive end-blocking agent used in the present invention include 2-methoxy-2-oxazoline, 2-ethoxy-2-oxazoline, 2-propoxy-2-oxazoline, 2-butoxy 2-oxazoline, 2-pentyloxy-2-oxazoline, 2-hexyloxy-2-oxazoline, 2-heptyloxy-2-oxazoline, 2-octyloxy-2-oxazoline, 2-nonyloxy-2-oxazoline, 2 -Decyloxy-2-oxazoline, 2-cyclopentyloxy-2-oxazoline, 2-cyclohexyloxy-2-oxazoline, 2-allyloxy-2-oxazoline, 2-methallyloxy-2-oxazoline, 2-crotyloxy-2-oxazoline , 2-pheno Ci-2-oxazoline, 2-cresyl-2-oxazoline, 2-o-ethylphenoxy-2-oxazoline, 2-o-propylphenoxy-2-oxazoline, 2-o-phenylphenoxy-2-oxazoline, 2-m -Ethylphenoxy-2-oxazoline, 2-m-propylphenoxy-2-oxazoline, 2-p-phenylphenoxy-2-oxazoline, 2-methyl-2-oxazoline, 2-ethyl-2-oxazoline, 2-propyl- 2-oxazoline, 2-butyl-2-oxazoline, 2-pentyl-2-oxazoline, 2-hexyl-2-oxazoline, 2-heptyl-2-oxazoline, 2-octyl-2-oxazoline, 2-nonyl-2- Oxazoline, 2-decyl-2-oxazoline, 2-cyclopentyl-2-oxy Zolin, 2-cyclohexyl-2-oxazoline, 2-allyl-2-oxazoline, 2-methallyl-2-oxazoline, 2-crotyl-2-oxazoline, 2-phenyl-2-oxazoline, 2-o-ethylphenyl-2 -Oxazoline, 2-o-propylphenyl-2-oxazoline, 2-o-phenylphenyl-2-oxazoline, 2-m-ethylphenyl-2-oxazoline, 2-m-propylphenyl-2-oxazoline, 2-p -Phenylphenyl-2-oxazoline, 2,2'-bis (2-oxazoline), 2,2'-bis (4-methyl-2-oxazoline), 2,2'-bis (4,4'-dimethyl- 2-oxazoline), 2,2'-bis (4-ethyl-2-oxazoline), 2,2'-bis (4,4'-diethyl-2-oxy) Sazoline), 2,2'-bis (4-propyl-2-oxazoline), 2,2'-bis (4-butyl-2-oxazoline), 2,2'-bis (4-hexyl-2-oxazoline) 2,2'-bis (4-phenyl-2-oxazoline), 2,2'-bis (4-cyclohexyl-2-oxazoline), 2,2'-bis (4-benzyl-2-oxazoline), 2 , 2'-p-phenylenebis (2-oxazoline), 2,2'-m-phenylenebis (2-oxazoline), 2,2'-o-phenylenebis (2-oxazoline), 2,2'-p -Phenylenebis (4-methyl-2-oxazoline), 2,2'-p-phenylenebis (4,4'-dimethyl-2-oxazoline), 2,2'-m-phenylenebis (4-methyl-2) -Oxazoline), 2, 2 -M-phenylenebis (4,4'-dimethyl-2-oxazoline), 2,2'-ethylenebis (2-oxazoline), 2,2'-tetramethylenebis (2-oxazoline), 2,2'- Hexamethylene bis (2-oxazoline), 2,2'-octamethylene bis (2-oxazoline), 2,2'-decamethylene bis (2-oxazoline), 2,2'-ethylenebis (4-methyl-2) -Oxazoline), 2,2'-tetramethylenebis (4,4'-dimethyl-2-oxazoline), 2,2'-9,9'-diphenoxyethanebis (2-oxazoline), 2,2'- Examples include cyclohexylenebis (2-oxazoline), 2,2'-diphenylenebis (2-oxazoline), and the like. Furthermore, the polyoxazoline compound etc. which contain the above-mentioned compound as a monomer unit can be mentioned.
[0037]
Examples of oxazine compounds as carboxyl group-reactive endblockers that can be used in the present invention include 2-methoxy-5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-oxazine, 2-ethoxy-5,6-dihydro. -4H-1,3-oxazine, 2-propoxy-5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-oxazine, 2-butoxy-5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-oxazine, 2-pentyloxy- 5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-oxazine, 2-hexyloxy-5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-oxazine, 2-heptyloxy-5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3- Oxazine, 2-octyloxy-5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-oxazine, 2-nonyloxy-5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-oxazine, 2-decyloxy-5 6-dihydro-4H-1,3-oxazine, 2-cyclopentyloxy-5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-oxazine, 2-cyclohexyloxy-5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-oxazine, 2-allyloxy-5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-oxazine, 2-methallyloxy-5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-oxazine, 2-crotyloxy-5,6-dihydro-4H- 1,3-oxazine and the like, and further, 2,2′-bis (5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-oxazine), 2,2′-methylenebis (5,6-dihydro-4H— 1,3-oxazine), 2,2'-ethylenebis (5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-oxazine), 2,2'-propylenebis (5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3- Oxazi ), 2,2'-butylenebis (5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-oxazine), 2,2'-hexamethylenebis (5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-oxazine), 2, 2'-p-phenylenebis (5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-oxazine), 2,2'-m-phenylenebis (5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-oxazine), 2, 2'-naphthylene bis (5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-oxazine), 2,2'-P, P'-diphenylene bis (5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-oxazine), etc. Can be mentioned. Furthermore, the polyoxazine compound etc. which contain an above-described compound as a monomer unit are mentioned.
[0038]
Among the oxazoline compounds and oxazine compounds, 2,2′-m-phenylenebis (2-oxazoline) and 2,2′-p-phenylenebis (2-oxazoline) are preferable.
[0039]
The carbodiimide compound that can be used as a carboxyl group-reactive end-blocking agent in the present invention is a compound having at least one carbodiimide group represented by (—N═C═N—) in the molecule. The organic isocyanate can be heated in the presence of a simple catalyst and produced by a decarboxylation reaction.
[0040]
Examples of carbodiimide compounds include diphenylcarbodiimide, di-cyclohexylcarbodiimide, di-2,6-dimethylphenylcarbodiimide, diisopropylcarbodiimide, dioctyldecylcarbodiimide, di-o-toluylcarbodiimide, di-p-toluylcarbodiimide, di-p- Nitrophenylcarbodiimide, di-p-aminophenylcarbodiimide, di-p-hydroxyphenylcarbodiimide, di-p-chlorophenylcarbodiimide, di-o-chlorophenylcarbodiimide, di-3,4-dichlorophenylcarbodiimide, di-2 , 5-dichlorophenylcarbodiimide, p-phenylene-bis-o-toluylcarbodiimide, p-phenylene-bis-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, p-phenylene- Su-di-p-chlorophenylcarbodiimide, 2,6,2 ', 6'-tetraisopropyldiphenylcarbodiimide, hexamethylene-bis-cyclohexylcarbodiimide, ethylene-bis-diphenylcarbodiimide, ethylene-bis-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, N , N′-di-o-triylcarbodiimide, N, N′-diphenylcarbodiimide, N, N′-dioctyldecylcarbodiimide, N, N′-di-2,6-dimethylphenylcarbodiimide, N-triyl-N ′ -Cyclohexylcarbodiimide, N, N'-di-2,6-diisopropylphenylcarbodiimide, N, N'-di-2,6-di-tert-butylphenylcarbodiimide, N-toluyl-N'-phenylcarbodiimide, N, N'-di-p-nitrof Nylcarbodiimide, N, N'-di-p-aminophenylcarbodiimide, N, N'-di-p-hydroxyphenylcarbodiimide, N, N'-di-cyclohexylcarbodiimide, N, N'-di-p-toluylcarbodiimide N, N'-benzylcarbodiimide, N-octadecyl-N'-phenylcarbodiimide, N-benzyl-N'-phenylcarbodiimide, N-octadecyl-N'-tolylcarbodiimide, N-cyclohexyl-N'-tolylcarbodiimide, N -Phenyl-N'-tolylcarbodiimide, N-benzyl-N'-tolylcarbodiimide, N, N'-di-o-ethylphenylcarbodiimide, N, N'-di-p-ethylphenylcarbodiimide, N, N'- Di-o-isopropylphenylcarbodiimide, N, N ′ -Di-p-isopropylphenyl carbodiimide, N, N'-di-o-isobutylphenyl carbodiimide, N, N'-di-p-isobutylphenyl carbodiimide, N, N'-di-2,6-diethylphenyl carbodiimide, N, N'-di-2-ethyl-6-isopropylphenylcarbodiimide, N, N'-di-2-isobutyl-6-isopropylphenylcarbodiimide, N, N'-di-2,4,6-trimethylphenylcarbodiimide Mono- or dicarbodiimide compounds such as N, N'-di-2,4,6-triisopropylphenylcarbodiimide, N, N'-di-2,4,6-triisobutylphenylcarbodiimide, poly (1,6- Hexamethylenecarbodiimide), poly (4,4'-methylenebiscyclohexylcarbodiimi ), Poly (1,3-cyclohexylenecarbodiimide), poly (1,4-cyclohexylenecarbodiimide), poly (4,4'-diphenylmethanecarbodiimide), poly (3,3'-dimethyl-4,4'-diphenylmethane) Carbodiimide), poly (naphthylenecarbodiimide), poly (p-phenylenecarbodiimide), poly (m-phenylenecarbodiimide), poly (tolylcarbodiimide), poly (diisopropylcarbodiimide), poly (methyl-diisopropylphenylenecarbodiimide), poly (triethyl) And polycarbodiimides such as phenylene carbodiimide) and poly (triisopropylphenylene carbodiimide). Of these, N, N′-di-2,6-diisopropylphenylcarbodiimide and 2,6,2 ′, 6′-tetraisopropyldiphenylcarbodiimide are preferable.
[0041]
As the carboxyl group-reactive end-blocking agent, one or more compounds can be arbitrarily selected and used.
[0042]
In the resin composition of the present invention, the carboxyl terminal and the acidic low molecular compound may be appropriately blocked according to the use to be used as a molded product, but the specific carboxyl terminal and acidic low molecular compound are blocked. The acid concentration in the composition is 10 equivalents / 10 6 g or less is preferable from the viewpoint of hydrolysis resistance, and 5 equivalents / 10 6 More preferably, it is 1 g / 10 or less. 6 It is particularly preferred that it is g or less. The acid concentration in the polymer composition can be measured by dissolving the polymer composition in a suitable solvent and then titrating with an alkali compound solution such as sodium hydroxide having a known concentration, or by NMR.
[0043]
The amount of the carboxyl group-reactive end-blocking agent is preferably 0.01 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 0.05 to 5 parts by weight, when the plant resource-derived resin is 100 parts by weight.
[0044]
In the present invention, it is preferable to further add a reaction catalyst of a carboxyl group reactive end-blocking agent. The reaction catalyst referred to here is a compound that has an effect of promoting the reaction between the carboxyl group-reactive end-blocking agent and the carboxyl end of the polymer end or acidic low molecular weight compound. Certain compounds are preferred. Examples of such compounds include alkali metal compounds, alkaline earth metal compounds, tertiary amine compounds, imidazole compounds, quaternary ammonium salts, phosphine compounds, phosphonium salts, phosphate esters, organic acids, Lewis acids. Specific examples thereof include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, cesium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, lithium carbonate, sodium acetate, potassium acetate, lithium acetate, stearin Sodium phosphate, potassium stearate, lithium stearate, sodium borohydride, lithium borohydride, sodium phenyl borohydride, sodium benzoate, potassium benzoate, lithium benzoate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, hydrogen phosphate Dipotassium, Alkali metal compounds such as dilithium hydrogen phosphate, disodium salt of bisphenol A, dipotassium salt, dilithium salt, sodium salt of phenol, potassium salt, lithium salt, cesium salt, calcium hydroxide, water Alkaline earth such as barium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, strontium hydroxide, calcium bicarbonate, barium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, strontium carbonate, calcium acetate, barium acetate, magnesium acetate, strontium acetate, calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, strontium stearate Metal compounds, triethylamine, tributylamine, trihexylamine, triamylamine, triethanolamine, dimethylaminoethanol, triethylenediamine, dimethylphenylamine , Dimethylbenzylamine, 2- (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol, dimethylaniline, pyridine, picoline, tertiary amines such as 1,8-diazabicyclo (5,4,0) undecene-7, 2-methylimidazole, 2-ethyl Imidazole, 2-isopropylimidazole, 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, imidazole compounds such as 4-phenyl-2-methylimidazole, tetramethylammonium chloride, tetraethylammonium chloride, tetrabutylammonium bromide, trimethylbenzylammonium chloride, triethylbenzyl Quaternary ammonium salts such as ammonium chloride, tripropylbenzylammonium chloride, N-methylpyridinium chloride, trimethylphosphine, Phosphine compounds such as triethylphosphine, tributylphosphine, trioctylphosphine, phosphonium salts such as tetramethylphosphonium bromide, tetrabutylphosphonium bromide, tetraphenylphosphonium bromide, ethyltriphenylphosphonium bromide, triphenylbenzylphosphonium bromide, trimethyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate , Tributyl phosphate, trioctyl phosphate, tributoxyethyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, trixylenyl phosphate, cresyl diphenyl phosphate, octyl diphenyl phosphate, tri (p-hydroxy) phenyl phosphate, tri (p-methoxy ) Phenyl phosphate Phosphoric acid esters, oxalic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, dinonylnaphthalenedisulfonic acid, organic acids such as dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, Lewis acids such as boron trifluoride, aluminum tetrachloride, titanium tetrachloride, tin tetrachloride, etc. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, it is preferable to use an alkali metal compound, an alkaline earth metal compound, and a phosphate ester, and particularly an alkali metal or an organic salt of an alkaline earth metal can be preferably used. Particularly preferred compounds are sodium stearate, potassium stearate, calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, sodium benzoate, sodium acetate, potassium acetate, calcium acetate and magnesium acetate. Further, an organic salt of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal having 6 or more carbon atoms is preferable, and it is preferable to use one or more of sodium stearate, potassium stearate, calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, and sodium benzoate.
[0045]
The addition amount of the reaction catalyst is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.001 to 1 part by weight and more preferably 0.01 to 0.2 part by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the plant resource-derived resin. More preferably, 0.02 to 0.1 parts by weight is most preferable.
[0046]
In the present invention, it is preferable to further blend (D) a crystallization accelerator. The crystallization accelerator used in the present invention can be selected from a wide variety of compounds. However, the crystal nucleating agent that promotes the formation of polymer crystal nuclei, and the polymer is softened to facilitate movement and promote crystal growth. A plasticizer can be preferably used.
[0047]
The blending amount of the crystallization accelerator used in the present invention is preferably 0.01 to 30 parts by weight and preferably 0.1 to 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the plant resource-derived resin. More preferred is 1 to 10 parts by weight.
[0048]
In the present invention, the crystal nucleating agent used as the crystallization accelerator (D) can be used without particular limitation, and any of inorganic crystal nucleating agents and organic crystal nucleating agents can be used. Specific examples of inorganic crystal nucleating agents include talc, kaolin, montmorillonite, synthetic mica, clay, zeolite, silica, graphite, carbon black, zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, titanium oxide, calcium sulfide, boron nitride, calcium carbonate, sulfuric acid Examples thereof include metal salts of barium, aluminum oxide, neodymium oxide and phenylphosphonate. These inorganic crystal nucleating agents are preferably modified with an organic substance in order to enhance dispersibility in the composition.
[0049]
Specific examples of organic crystal nucleating agents include sodium benzoate, potassium benzoate, lithium benzoate, calcium benzoate, magnesium benzoate, barium benzoate, lithium terephthalate, sodium terephthalate, potassium terephthalate, Calcium oxide, sodium laurate, potassium laurate, sodium myristate, potassium myristate, calcium myristate, sodium octacosanoate, calcium octacosanoate, sodium stearate, potassium stearate, lithium stearate, calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, Barium stearate, sodium montanate, calcium montanate, sodium toluate, sodium salicylate, potassium salicylate, salicylic acid , Metal salts of organic carboxylic acids such as aluminum dibenzoate, potassium dibenzoate, lithium dibenzoate, sodium β-naphthalate, sodium cyclohexanecarboxylate, organic sulfonates such as sodium p-toluenesulfonate, sodium sulfoisophthalate, stearic acid Amide, ethylenebislauric acid amide, palmitic acid amide, hydroxystearic acid amide, erucic acid amide, carboxylic acid amides such as trimesic acid tris (t-butylamide), low density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, polypropylene, polyisopropylene, polybutene Polymers such as poly-4-methylpentene, poly-3-methylbutene-1, polyvinylcycloalkane, polyvinyltrialkylsilane, and high melting point polylactic acid, Sodium salt or potassium salt of a polymer having a carboxyl group such as sodium salt of ethylene-acrylic acid or methacrylic acid copolymer, sodium salt of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer (so-called ionomer), benzylidene sorbitol and its derivatives, sodium-2, Phosphorus compound metal salts such as 2'-methylenebis (4,6-di-t-butylphenyl) phosphate and 2,2-methylbis (4,6-di-t-butylphenyl) sodium can be exemplified. .
[0050]
As the crystal nucleating agent used in the present invention, among those exemplified above, at least one selected from talc and organic carboxylic acid metal salts is particularly preferable. The crystal nucleating agent used in the present invention may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0051]
The compounding amount of the crystal nucleating agent is preferably 0.01 to 30 parts by weight, more preferably 0.05 to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the resin derived from plant resources. .1 to 5 parts by weight is particularly preferable.
[0052]
The plasticizer used as the crystallization accelerator (D) in the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, a polyester plasticizer, a glycerin plasticizer, a polycarboxylic acid ester plasticizer, a phosphate ester plasticizer, Examples include polyalkylene glycol plasticizers and epoxy plasticizers.
[0053]
Specific examples of the polyester plasticizer include acid components such as adipic acid, sebacic acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, diphenyldicarboxylic acid, propylene glycol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butane. Examples thereof include polyesters composed of diol components such as diol, 1,6-hexanediol, ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol, and polyesters composed of hydroxycarboxylic acid such as polycaprolactone. These polyesters may be end-capped with a monofunctional carboxylic acid or monofunctional alcohol, or may be end-capped with an epoxy compound or the like.
[0054]
Specific examples of the glycerin plasticizer include glycerin monoacetomonolaurate, glycerin diacetomonolaurate, glycerin monoacetomonostearate, glycerin diacetomonooleate, and glycerin monoacetomonomontanate.
[0055]
Specific examples of polycarboxylic acid plasticizers include phthalates such as dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, diheptyl phthalate, dibenzyl phthalate, butyl benzyl phthalate, and trimellitic acid. Tributyl, trimellitic acid esters such as trioctyl trimellitic acid, trihexyl trimellitic acid, adipic acid esters such as diisodecyl adipate, n-octyl-n-decyl adipate, triethyl acetylcitrate, tributyl acetylcitrate, etc. Citrate esters, azelaic acid esters such as di-2-ethylhexyl azelate, sebacic acid esters such as dibutyl sebacate, and di-2-ethylhexyl sebacate.
[0056]
Specific examples of the phosphate ester plasticizer include tributyl phosphate, tri-2-ethylhexyl phosphate, trioctyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, diphenyl-2-ethylhexyl phosphate and tricresyl phosphate. .
[0057]
Specific examples of the polyalkylene glycol plasticizer include polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, poly (ethylene oxide / propylene oxide) block and / or random copolymer, polytetramethylene glycol, ethylene oxide addition polymer of bisphenols, bisphenols Polyalkylene glycols such as propylene oxide addition polymers, tetrahydrofuran addition polymers of bisphenols, or terminal-capped compounds such as terminal epoxy-modified compounds, terminal ester-modified compounds, and terminal ether-modified compounds.
[0058]
The epoxy plasticizer generally refers to an epoxy triglyceride composed of an alkyl epoxy stearate and soybean oil, but there are also so-called epoxy resins mainly made of bisphenol A and epichlorohydrin. Can be used.
[0059]
Specific examples of other plasticizers include benzoic acid esters of aliphatic polyols such as neopentyl glycol dibenzoate, diethylene glycol dibenzoate, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, fatty acid amides such as stearamide, oleic acid Examples thereof include aliphatic carboxylic acid esters such as butyl, oxyacid esters such as methyl acetylricinoleate and butyl acetylricinoleate, pentaerythritol, various sorbitols, polyacrylic acid esters, silicone oils, and paraffins.
[0060]
Among the plasticizers used in the present invention, at least one selected from polyester plasticizers and polyalkylene glycol plasticizers is particularly preferable. The plasticizer used in the present invention may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0061]
Moreover, the compounding amount of the plasticizer is preferably 0.01 to 30 parts by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 20 parts by weight, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the resin derived from plant resources. 5 to 10 parts by weight is particularly preferable.
[0062]
In the present invention, each of the crystal nucleating agent and the plasticizer may be used alone, but it is preferable to use both in combination.
[0063]
In the present invention, it is preferable to further blend (E) an aliphatic polyester resin and / or an aliphatic aromatic polyester resin other than the plant resource-derived resin.
[0064]
The aliphatic polyester resin of the present invention is not particularly limited, and a polymer mainly composed of an aliphatic hydroxycarboxylic acid, an aliphatic polyvalent carboxylic acid and an aliphatic polyhydric alcohol as main structural components. A polymer etc. are mentioned. Specifically, polymers having aliphatic hydroxycarboxylic acid as a main component include polyglycolic acid, poly-3-hydroxybutyric acid, poly-4-hydroxybutyric acid, poly-4-hydroxyvaleric acid, poly-3-hydroxyhexanoic acid. Or, polycaprolactone and the like, and examples of the polymer mainly composed of aliphatic polycarboxylic acid and aliphatic polyhydric alcohol include polyethylene adipate, polyethylene succinate, polybutylene adipate or polybutylene succinate. . These aliphatic polyesters can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these aliphatic polyesters, polybutylene succinate is preferable.
[0065]
The aliphatic aromatic polyester of the present invention is a polyester comprising an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component, an aromatic dicarboxylic acid component, and an aliphatic diol component. Examples of the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component include succinic acid, adipic acid, suberic acid, sebacic acid, and dodecanedioic acid. Examples of the aromatic dicarboxylic acid component include isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, and 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid. Examples of the aliphatic diol include ethylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, and the like. The aromatic dicarboxylic acid component of the aliphatic aromatic polyester used in the present invention is preferably 60 mol% or less, more preferably 50 mol% or less. Two or more types of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component, aromatic dicarboxylic acid component, or aliphatic diol component can be used. In the present invention, it is preferable to use an aliphatic aromatic polyester resin composed of terephthalic acid, adipic acid, and 1,4-butanediol.
[0066]
In addition, in aliphatic polyester resins other than plant resource-derived resins and aliphatic aromatic polyester resins, when the optically active carbon is contained in the monomer unit, the resin is usually low in optical purity.
[0067]
In the present invention, the blending amount of the aliphatic polyester resin other than the plant resource-derived resin and the aliphatic aromatic polyester resin is not particularly limited, but when the naturally derived resin is 100 parts by weight, It is preferable that it is -200 weight part, 5-150 weight part is more preferable, and 10-100 weight part is further more preferable.
[0068]
Moreover, in this invention, it is preferable to mix | blend (F) impact resistance improving agents. The impact resistance improver used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can be used for improving the impact resistance of a thermoplastic resin. For example, at least one selected from the following various impact resistance improvers can be used.
[0069]
That is, specific examples of the impact modifier include polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene-propylene-nonconjugated diene copolymer, ethylene-butene-1 copolymer, various acrylic rubbers, ethylene- Acrylic acid copolymer and its alkali metal salt (so-called ionomer), ethylene-glycidyl (meth) acrylate copolymer, ethylene-alkyl acrylate copolymer (for example, ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, ethylene-acrylic) Acid butyl copolymer), acid-modified ethylene-propylene copolymer, diene rubber (for example, polybutadiene, polyisoprene, polychloroprene), copolymer of diene and vinyl monomer (for example, styrene-butadiene random copolymer, styrene) -Butadiene block Polymer, styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, styrene-isoprene random copolymer, styrene-isoprene block copolymer, styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer, polybutadiene grafted with styrene, Butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer), polyisobutylene, copolymer of isobutylene and butadiene or isoprene, natural rubber, thiocol rubber, polysulfide rubber, polyurethane rubber, polyether rubber, epichlorohydrin rubber, polyester elastomer, polyamide elastomer Etc.
[0070]
Furthermore, it is composed of those having various degrees of cross-linking, various micro structures such as those having a cis structure, a trans structure, etc., those having a vinyl group, etc., a core layer and one or more shell layers covering it, A so-called core-shell type multi-layered polymer in which adjacent layers are made of different polymers can also be used.
[0071]
The various (co) polymers listed in the above specific examples may be used as the impact resistance improver of the present invention, regardless of whether they are random copolymers, block copolymers, and graft copolymers. it can.
[0072]
Furthermore, in making these (co) polymers, it is also possible to copolymerize monomers such as other olefins, dienes, aromatic vinyl compounds, acrylic acid, acrylic ester and methacrylic ester. is there.
[0073]
Among these impact modifiers, a polymer containing an acrylic unit and a polymer containing a unit having an acid anhydride group and / or a glycidyl group are preferable. Preferable examples of the acrylic unit herein include methyl methacrylate units, methyl acrylate units, ethyl acrylate units and butyl acrylate units. Preferred examples of units having an acid anhydride group or glycidyl group May include maleic anhydride units and glycidyl methacrylate units.
[0074]
The impact resistance improver is a so-called core-shell type multi-layer polymer composed of a core layer and one or more shell layers covering the core layer, and adjacent layers are composed of different polymers. It is preferable that the polymer is a multilayer structure polymer containing methyl methacrylate units or methyl acrylate units in the shell layer. Such a multilayer structure polymer preferably contains an acrylic unit, or preferably contains a unit having an acid anhydride group and / or a glycidyl group. Preferred examples of the acrylic unit include a methyl methacrylate unit, an acrylic acid A methyl unit, an ethyl acrylate unit, and a butyl acrylate unit can be mentioned, As a suitable example of a unit which has an acid anhydride group and a glycidyl group, a maleic anhydride unit and a glycidyl methacrylate unit can be mentioned. In particular, the shell layer contains at least one selected from methyl methacrylate units, methyl acrylate units, maleic anhydride units and glycidyl methacrylate units, and includes butyl acrylate units, ethyl hexyl acrylate units, styrene units and butadiene units. A multilayer structure containing at least one selected from the above in the core layer is preferably used.
[0075]
The glass transition temperature of the impact resistance improver is preferably −20 ° C. or lower, and more preferably −30 ° C. or lower.
[0076]
The blending amount of the impact resistance improver is preferably in the range of 1 to 100 parts by weight and more preferably in the range of 2 to 50 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the plant resource-derived resin.
[0077]
In the present invention, it is preferable to further blend (G) an inorganic filler. As the inorganic filler used in the present invention, fibers, plates, granules, and powders that are usually used for reinforcing thermoplastic resins can be used. Specifically, glass fiber, asbestos fiber, carbon fiber, graphite fiber, metal fiber, potassium titanate whisker, aluminum borate whisker, magnesium whisker, silicon whisker, wollastonite, sepiolite, asbestos, slag fiber, zonolite, Elastadite, gypsum fiber, silica fiber, silica-alumina fiber, zirconia fiber, boron nitride fiber, silicon nitride fiber and boron fiber and other inorganic fillers, glass flakes, non-swellable mica, swellable mica, graphite, metal foil , Ceramic beads, talc, clay, mica, sericite, zeolite, bentonite, organic modified bentonite, organic modified montmorillonite, dolomite, kaolin, fine powder silicic acid, feldspar powder, potassium titanate, shirasu balloon, calcium carbonate , Magnesium carbonate, barium sulfate, sulfate Maguneshikumu, calcium sulfate, calcium oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, aluminum silicate, silicon oxide, gypsum, novaculite, include plate-like or granular inorganic fillers such as dawsonite and white clay. Among these inorganic fillers, glass fiber, wollastonite, mica, kaolin and calcium carbonate are preferable, and glass fiber, kaolin and calcium carbonate are more preferable. Moreover, when using a fibrous inorganic filler, the aspect ratio is preferably 5 or more, more preferably 10 or more, and further preferably 20 or more.
[0078]
The inorganic filler may be coated or focused with a thermoplastic resin such as an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer or a thermosetting resin such as an epoxy resin, or a coupling agent such as aminosilane or epoxysilane. May be processed.
[0079]
Moreover, 1-100 weight part is preferable with respect to 100 weight part of resin derived from a plant resource, and, as for the compounding quantity of an inorganic filler, 5-50 weight part is more preferable.
[0080]
In the present invention, it is preferable to blend (H) a flame retardant. In the present invention, the flame retardant is not particularly limited as long as it is a substance added for the purpose of imparting flame retardancy to the resin. Specifically, brominated flame retardants, chlorinated flame retardants, phosphorus -Based flame retardants, nitrogen compound-based flame retardants, silicone-based flame retardants, other inorganic flame retardants, and the like, and at least one selected from these can be selected and used.
[0081]
Specific examples of the brominated flame retardant used in the present invention include decabromodiphenyl oxide, octabromodiphenyl oxide, tetrabromodiphenyl oxide, tetrabromophthalic anhydride, hexabromocyclododecane, bis (2,4,6-tribromo). Phenoxy) ethane, ethylenebistetrabromophthalimide, hexabromobenzene, 1,1-sulfonyl [3,5-dibromo-4- (2,3-dibromopropoxy)] benzene, polydibromophenylene oxide, tetrabromobisphenol-S, Tris (2,3-dibromopropyl-1) isocyanurate, tribromophenol, tribromophenyl allyl ether, tribromoneopentyl alcohol, brominated polystyrene, brominated polyethylene, tetrabromobis Enol-A, tetrabromobisphenol-A derivative, tetrabromobisphenol-A-epoxy oligomer or polymer, tetrabromobisphenol-A-carbonate oligomer or polymer, brominated epoxy resins such as brominated phenol novolac epoxy, tetrabromobisphenol-A -Bis (2-hydroxydiethyl ether), tetrabromobisphenol-A-bis (2,3-dibromopropyl ether), tetrabromobisphenol-A-bis (allyl ether), tetrabromocyclooctane, ethylenebispentabromodiphenyl, Tris (tribromoneopentyl) phosphate, poly (pentabromobenzylpolyacrylate), octabromotrimethylphenylindane, dibromoneope Chill glycol, pentabromobenzyl polyacrylate, dibromo cresyl glycidyl ether, N, N'ethylene - bis - such as tetrabromo phthalic imide. Of these, tetrabromobisphenol-A-epoxy oligomer, tetrabromobisphenol-A-carbonate oligomer, and brominated epoxy resin are preferable.
[0082]
Specific examples of the chlorinated flame retardant used in the present invention include chlorinated paraffin, chlorinated polyethylene, perchlorocyclopentadecane, and tetrachlorophthalic anhydride.
[0083]
The phosphorus-based flame retardant used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and generally used phosphorus-based flame retardants can be used. Typically, phosphoric acid esters, condensed phosphoric acid esters, polyphosphates, etc. Examples include organic phosphorus compounds and red phosphorus.
[0084]
Specific examples of the phosphoric acid ester in the above organic phosphorus compounds include trimethyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate, tributyl phosphate, tri (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, tributoxyethyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, trixylenyl. Phosphate, tris (isopropylphenyl) phosphate, tris (phenylphenyl) phosphate, trinaphthyl phosphate, cresyl diphenyl phosphate, xylenyl diphenyl phosphate, diphenyl (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, di (isopropylphenyl) phenyl phosphate, monoisodecyl Phosphate, 2-acryloyloxyethyl acid phosphate, 2-methacryloyloxyethyl acetate Phosphate, diphenyl-2-acryloyloxyethyl phosphate, diphenyl-2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphate, melamine phosphate, dimelamine phosphate, melamine pyrophosphate, triphenylphosphine oxide, tricresylphosphine oxide, diphenyl methanephosphonate, phenylphosphonic acid Diethyl and the like can be mentioned.
[0085]
Also listed are condensed phosphate esters such as resorcinol polyphenyl phosphate, resorcinol poly (di-2,6-xylyl) phosphate, bisphenol A polycresyl phosphate, hydroquinone poly (2,6-xylyl) phosphate and condensates thereof. be able to. Examples of commercially available condensed phosphate esters include PX-200, PX-201, PX-202, CR-733S, CR-741, and CR747 manufactured by Daihachi Chemical Co., Ltd.
[0086]
Moreover, the polyphosphate which consists of a salt with phosphoric acid, polyphosphoric acid, a periodic table group IA-IVB group metal, ammonia, an aliphatic amine, and an aromatic amine can also be mentioned. As typical salts of polyphosphates, lithium salts, sodium salts, calcium salts, barium salts, iron (II) salts, iron (III) salts, aluminum salts and the like as metal salts, methylamine salts as aliphatic amine salts, Examples include ethylamine salts, diethylamine salts, triethylamine salts, ethylenediamine salts, piperazine salts, and examples of aromatic amine salts include pyridine salts, triazine salts, melamine salts, and ammonium salts.
[0087]
In addition to the above, halogen-containing phosphate esters such as trischloroethyl phosphate, trisdichloropropyl phosphate, tris (β-chloropropyl) phosphate), and a structure in which a phosphorus atom and a nitrogen atom are connected by a double bond. Examples thereof include phosphazene compounds and phosphoric ester amides.
[0088]
The red phosphorus is preferably not only untreated red phosphorus but also red phosphorus treated with one or more compound films selected from the group consisting of a thermosetting resin film, a metal hydroxide film, and a metal plating film. Can be used. The thermosetting resin of the thermosetting resin film is not particularly limited as long as it is a resin capable of coating red phosphorus, and examples thereof include phenol-formalin resin, urea-formalin resin, melamine-formalin resin, and alkyd resin. Etc. The metal hydroxide film is not particularly limited as long as it is a resin capable of coating red phosphorus, and examples thereof include aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, zinc hydroxide, and titanium hydroxide. . The metal of the metal plating film is not particularly limited as long as it is a resin capable of coating red phosphorus, and examples thereof include Fe, Ni, Co, Cu, Zn, Mn, Ti, Zr, Al, and alloys thereof. Furthermore, two or more of these films may be combined or laminated in two or more.
[0089]
Among the phosphorus-based flame retardants, condensed phosphate esters, polyphosphates, and red phosphorus are preferable, and condensed phosphate esters and polyphosphates are particularly preferable.
[0090]
Examples of the nitrogen compound-based flame retardant used in the present invention include aliphatic amine compounds, aromatic amine compounds, nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds, cyanide compounds, aliphatic amides, aromatic amides, urea, thiourea and the like. . In addition, nitrogen-containing phosphorus flame retardants such as ammonium polyphosphate as exemplified in the above phosphorus flame retardant are not included in the nitrogen compound flame retardant referred to herein. Examples of the aliphatic amine include ethylamine, butylamine, diethylamine, ethylenediamine, butylenediamine, triethylenetetramine, 1,2-diaminocyclohexane, 1,2-diaminocyclooctane and the like. Examples of the aromatic amine include aniline and phenylenediamine. Examples of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds include uric acid, adenine, guanine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 2,4,6-triaminopyridine, and triazine compounds. Examples of the cyan compound include dicyandiamide. Examples of the aliphatic amide include N, N-dimethylacetamide. Examples of aromatic amides include N, N-diphenylacetamide.
[0091]
The triazine compounds exemplified above are nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds having a triazine skeleton, and are triazine, melamine, benzoguanamine, methylguanamine, cyanuric acid, melamine cyanurate, trimethyltriazine, triphenyltriazine, amelin, amide, thiocyanuric acid, Examples thereof include diaminomercaptotriazine, diaminomethyltriazine, diaminophenyltriazine, diaminoisopropoxytriazine and the like.
[0092]
Of the nitrogen compound-based flame retardants, nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds are preferable, among which triazine compounds are preferable, and melamine cyanurate is more preferable.
[0093]
Examples of the silicone flame retardant used in the present invention include silicone resins and silicone oils. The silicone resin is SiO 2 , RSiO 3/2 , R 2 SiO, R 3 SiO 1/2 Examples thereof include resins having a three-dimensional network structure formed by combining these structural units. Here, R represents an alkyl group such as a methyl group, an ethyl group or a propyl group, an aromatic group such as a phenyl group or a benzyl group, or a substituent containing a vinyl group in the above substituent. In the silicone oil, polydimethylsiloxane, and at least one methyl group at the side chain or terminal of polydimethylsiloxane is a hydrogen element, an alkyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a phenyl group, a benzyl group, an amino group, an epoxy group, or a polyether group. , A modified polysiloxane modified with at least one group selected from a carboxyl group, a mercapto group, a chloroalkyl group, an alkyl higher alcohol ester group, an alcohol group, an aralkyl group, a vinyl group, or a trifluoromethyl group, or a mixture thereof Can be mentioned.
[0094]
Other inorganic flame retardants used in the present invention include magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, antimony trioxide, antimony pentoxide, sodium antimonate, zinc hydroxystannate, zinc stannate, metastannic acid, tin oxide, oxidation Tin salt, zinc sulfate, zinc oxide, ferrous oxide, ferric oxide, stannous oxide, stannic oxide, zinc borate, ammonium borate, ammonium octamolybdate, metal salt of tungstic acid, tungsten and Examples thereof include complex oxide acids with metalloids, ammonium sulfamate, ammonium bromide, zirconium compounds, guanidine compounds, fluorine compounds, graphite, and swellable graphite. Among these, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, zinc borate, a fluorine compound, and swellable graphite are preferable.
[0095]
The above flame retardants may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0096]
The amount of the flame retardant is 0.01 to 100 parts by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 90 parts by weight, and further preferably 1 to 80 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the plant resource-derived resin.
[0097]
Among the above flame retardants, it is preferable to use at least one selected from phosphorus flame retardants, nitrogen compound flame retardants, silicone flame retardants and other inorganic flame retardants. Phosphorus flame retardants, nitrogen compound flame retardants It is more preferable to use a combination of at least two selected from a flame retardant, a silicone-based flame retardant, and other inorganic flame retardants.
[0098]
The nitrogen compound flame retardant used in combination with the phosphorus flame retardant is preferably a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound, more preferably a triazine compound, and more preferably melamine cyanurate. A silicone resin is preferable as the silicone flame retardant used in combination with the phosphorus flame retardant. Further, as the other inorganic flame retardant used in combination with the phosphorus flame retardant, zinc borate or swellable graphite is preferable.
[0099]
Further, when a phosphorus flame retardant and a nitrogen compound flame retardant, a silicone flame retardant or other inorganic flame retardant are used in combination, a nitrogen compound flame retardant or a silicone flame retardant with respect to 100 parts by weight of the phosphorus flame retardant Alternatively, it is preferable to use 1 to 100 parts by weight of other inorganic flame retardants.
[0100]
As the phosphorus-based flame retardant, any one or more of a condensed phosphate ester, a polyphosphate, and red phosphorus, and particularly any one or more of a condensed phosphate ester and a polyphosphate are preferable. Further, it is more preferable to use a condensed phosphate ester and a nitrogen compound-based flame retardant together, or it is more preferable to use a polyphosphate and a nitrogen compound-based flame retardant together, and the nitrogen compound-based flame retardant is used more than the condensed phosphate ester or the polyphosphate. It is preferable to use a small amount because of its high flame retardant effect. The condensed phosphate ester is preferably an aromatic condensed phosphate ester, preferably resorcinol polyphenyl phosphate, resorcinol poly (di-2,6-xylyl) phosphate, and resorcinol poly (di-2,6-xylyl) phosphate. As a commercially available example, PX-200 manufactured by Daihachi Chemicals may be mentioned. As the nitrogen compound flame retardant, melamine cyanurate is preferable.
[0101]
In the present invention, it is preferable to further add an antistatic agent in terms of imparting antistatic properties. Any known antistatic agent can be used in the present invention.
[0102]
In the antistatic agent of the present invention, its ionicity is not particularly limited, and any of cationic, anionic, zwitterionic and nonionic may be used, but thermal decomposition of a resin derived from plant resources Zwitterionic and nonionic are preferable, and nonionic is more preferable.
[0103]
0.1-10 weight part is preferable with respect to 100 weight part of resin derived from plant resources, and, as for the compounding quantity of said antistatic agent, 0.5-5 weight part is further more preferable.
[0104]
In the present invention, conventional additives such as ultraviolet absorbers (benzophenone compounds, benzotriazole compounds, aromatic benzoate compounds, oxalic acid anilide compounds, cyanoacrylate compounds, and the like, as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired. Hindered amine compounds), heat stabilizers (hindered phenol compounds, phosphite compounds, thioether compounds), lubricants, foaming agents, mold release agents, colorants including dyes and pigments, or more Can be contained.
[0105]
In the present invention, other thermoplastic resins, for example, acrylic resin, polyamide resin, aromatic polyester resin, polyacetal resin, polyphenylene sulfide resin, polyether ether ketone resin, polysulfone resin, as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired. Polyphenylene oxide resin, polyimide resin, polyetherimide resin, etc.), thermosetting resin (eg, phenol resin, melamine resin, other polyester resins, silicone resin, etc.) can also be contained.
[0106]
In the present invention, the method for producing the resin composition is not particularly limited, but after naturally blending a naturally-derived resin, a naturally-derived organic filler, and other additives as necessary, a naturally-derived resin. Above the melting point, a method of supplying to a hopper of a twin screw extruder or a Banbury mixer and uniformly melting and kneading, a method of directly kneading with a molding machine, or the like is preferably used. Moreover, when using a fine powder, the method of supplying to a hopper independently from another additive, the method of adding after compressing a fine powder, etc. are preferable.
[0107]
In the present invention, it is preferable that the tracking resistance is excellent. The tracking resistance can be evaluated by a relative tracking index (CTI). The larger the CTI, the better the tracking resistance. The CTI is preferably 100 or more, more preferably 250 V or more, and further preferably 400 V or more. Most preferably, it is 600 V or higher. CTI is an 80 × 80 × 3 mm square plate test piece, and in accordance with the test method of IEC Publication 112 standard, 0.1% aluminum chloride aqueous solution is dropped as an electrolyte solution every 30 ± 5 seconds. It is possible to obtain the number of electrolyte droplets to the end by plotting the applied voltage and reading from the graph the applied voltage at which 50 drops are destroyed.
[0108]
In order to obtain such a material having tracking resistance, an inorganic filler such as kaolin, calcium sulfate, metal borate, magnesium hydroxide, glass fiber having a tracking resistance effect and / or polyolefin resin is blended. It is preferable.
[0109]
In this invention, it is preferable to have a flame retardance. Flame retardancy can be evaluated according to the vertical combustion test method of the US UL standard subject 94 (UL94) by the combustion time or the presence or absence of cotton ignition, in the order of V-0>V-1>V-2> HB. Most preferably, it is ranked and is V-0. The thickness of the test piece used for the combustion test is 1.5 mm or 0.8 mm, but the thinner the thickness, the more severe the flame retardancy, and the thinner the thickness is 0.8 mm, the flame retardancy V-0. It is preferable that In order to obtain such a flame retardant material, the above flame retardant is preferably blended.
[0110]
The electric / electronic component of the present invention can be obtained by any known method such as injection molding, extrusion molding, press molding, blow molding, foam molding, sheet molding, or the like.
[0111]
The shape of the electric / electronic component of the present invention is not particularly limited, and various shapes such as a fiber shape, a film shape, a sheet shape, a plate shape, a box shape, a block shape, and a tube shape can be used.
[0112]
The electric / electronic parts of the present invention include notebook PC casings and internal parts, CRT display casings and internal parts, printer casings and internal parts, mobile terminal casings and internal parts such as mobile phones, mobile PCs, and handheld mobiles. , Recording media (CD, DVD, PD, FDD, etc.) Drive housing and internal parts, copier housing and internal parts, facsimile housing and internal parts, VTR parts, TV parts, iron, hair dryer, rice cooker Representative of equipment parts, microwave oven parts, acoustic parts, video cameras, audio equipment parts such as audio / laser discs (registered trademark) / compact discs, lighting parts, refrigerator parts, air conditioner parts, typewriter parts, word processor parts, etc. Housing and internal parts for home and office electrical products, Cases and internal parts of child musical instruments, home game machines, portable game machines, parabolic antennas, various covers, various gears, various cases, sensors, LEP lamps, connectors, sockets, resistors, relay cases, motor cases, Switches, capacitors, outlet parts, motor parts, transformers, electromagnetic switches, variable capacitor cases, optical pickups, oscillators, various terminal boards, transformers, plugs, printed wiring boards, tuners, speakers, microphones, headphones, small motors, magnetism It can be used as an electric / electronic component such as a head base, a power module, a semiconductor, a liquid crystal, an FDD carriage, an FDD chassis, a motor brush holder, a transformer member, and a coil bobbin. Among them, casings for electrical and electronic parts, that is, notebook PC casings, CRT display casings, printer casings, mobile phone casings such as mobile phones, mobile PCs, handheld mobiles, recording media (CD, DVD, PD, It is particularly suitable as a housing of a drive housing, a copying machine housing, a facsimile housing, a home / office electrical product housing, an electronic musical instrument, a home game machine, a portable game machine, and the like.
[0113]
In the present invention, the crystallinity of the plant resource-derived resin in the part is preferably 10 to 60%, and more preferably 20 to 50%. The crystallinity of the resin derived from plant resources in the part can be measured by X-ray diffraction of the part.
Moreover, in this invention, when plant resin-derived resin is a polylactic acid resin, it is preferable that the crystallization temperature (Tc) at the time of the temperature fall derived from the polylactic acid resin in the resin composition in components can be observed. Here, Tc is a crystallization temperature at the time of temperature decrease derived from a polylactic acid resin measured at a temperature decrease rate of 20 ° C./min after the temperature was increased to 200 ° C. by a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Tc is not particularly limited, but is preferably 100 ° C. or higher, more preferably 105 ° C. or higher, and further preferably 110 ° C. or higher from the viewpoint of moldability.
[0114]
In the present invention, when the resin derived from plant resources is a polylactic acid resin, it is determined from the crystal melting enthalpy (ΔHm) derived from the polylactic acid resin in the part and the crystallization enthalpy (ΔHcc) at the time of temperature rise. The relative crystallinity [{(ΔHm−ΔHcc) / ΔHm} × 100] is preferably 70% or more, more preferably 90% or more, still more preferably 93% or more, and 96% It is especially preferable that it is more than 100%. Here, ΔHcc is the crystallization enthalpy derived from polylactic acid resin measured by DSC at a temperature rising rate of 20 ° C./min, and ΔHm is derived from polylactic acid resin measured by DSC at a temperature rising rate of 20 ° C./min. In the first measurement (1stRUN), the temperature was increased from 30 ° C. to 200 ° C. at a temperature increase rate of 20 ° C./min, and then cooled to 30 ° C. at a temperature decrease rate of 20 ° C./min. When the temperature is increased from 30 ° C. to 200 ° C. at a temperature increase rate of 20 ° C./min in the second measurement (2nd RUN), the crystal melting enthalpy measured at 2 nd RUN is preferable.
[0115]
The electrical / electronic parts having such crystallization characteristics are preferably organic fillers derived from the above-mentioned preferred natural products, that is, those having a specific ash content, a specific composition thereof, and those having fine particles with a specific particle size attached thereto. It can be obtained by molding the resin composition selected and used.
[0116]
The electric / electronic parts of the present invention can be recycled after use and used again as electric / electronic parts, or can be used as parts other than electric / electronic parts.
[0117]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples. All the parts in the examples are based on weight. Moreover, the raw material used and the code | symbol in a table | surface are shown below.
(A) Resin derived from plant resources
(A-1) Polylactic acid (D-form 1.2%, PMMA equivalent weight average molecular weight 170,000)
(A-2) Polyhydroxy (butyrate / valerate) (Biopol manufactured by Monsanto)
(B) Naturally derived organic filler
(B-1) Waste paper powder obtained by pulverizing paperboard having a thickness of 2 mm
(B-2) Waste paper powder from defibrated newspaper
(B-3) Wood flour (Lettnomeier Lignocell P-SUPER)
(B-4) Kenaf fiber having a fiber length of 1 to 10 mm
(C) Carboxyl terminal reactive terminal blocker
(C-1) Carbodiimide compound (Nisshinbo Carbodilite HMV-8CA)
(D) Crystallization accelerator
(D-1) Talc (Hightron made by Takehara Chemical)
(D-2) Polyethylene glycol (PEG 4000 manufactured by Sanyo Chemical)
(E) Aliphatic polyester or aliphatic aromatic polyester
(E-1) Polybutylene (terephthalate / adipate) (BASF Ecoflex)
(F) Impact resistance improver
(F-1) Core shell rubber (Metbrene S2001 manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon)
(F-2) Epoxy-modified styrene / butadiene copolymer (Epofriend A1010 manufactured by Daicel Chemical Industries)
(G) Inorganic filler
(G-1) Clay (Southern Clay made Cloisite 30B)
(G-2) Kaolin (Translink 555 made by Engelhard)
(H) Flame retardant
(H-1) Aromatic condensed phosphate ester (PX-200 manufactured by Daihachi Chemical Industry)
(H-2) Melamine cyanurate (MC-440 manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries)
[Examples 1 to 6, Comparative Example 1]
The plant resource-derived resin shown in Table 1 and the naturally-derived organic filler are mixed in the proportions shown in Table 1, using a 30 mm diameter twin-screw extruder under the conditions of a cylinder temperature of 190 ° C. and a rotation speed of 100 rpm. Melt kneading was performed to obtain a resin composition.
[0118]
The obtained resin composition was injection-molded at a cylinder temperature of 190 ° C. and a mold temperature of 100 ° C. to obtain an ASTM test piece having a thickness of 3 mm. In addition, when taking out a tensile test piece from a metal mold | die, injection molding was performed by making the shortest time when the solidified molded product without a deformation | transformation is obtained into a molding cycle time.
[0119]
Using the ASTM test piece prepared above, a tensile test according to ASTM method D638, a bending test according to ASTM method D790, an Izod impact test according to ASTM method D256, and a deflection temperature under load according to ASTM method D648 (0.45 MPa) was measured. Further, the tensile test piece was treated in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 60 ° C. and a relative humidity of 95% for 200 hours, and then the tensile strength was measured to obtain the tensile strength retention after the wet heat treatment.
[0120]
Further, the crystallization temperature (Tcc), the crystallization enthalpy (ΔHcc), the crystal melting enthalpy (ΔHm), and the crystallization temperature (Tc) at the time of temperature reduction of the produced bending test piece derived from the polylactic acid resin were measured. . The measurement method was as follows: DSC7 manufactured by PerkinElmer, 10 mg sample, 1 stRUN under nitrogen atmosphere, heated from 30 ° C. to 200 ° C. at a heating rate of 20 ° C./min, and held at 200 ° C. for 5 minutes. The temperature was decreased from 200 ° C. to 30 ° C. at a temperature decrease rate of 20 ° C./min, held at 30 ° C. for 1 minute, and further increased from 30 ° C. to 200 ° C. at a temperature increase rate of 20 ° C./min as 2ndRUN. It should be noted that Tcc and ΔHcc of the polylactic acid resin observed when the temperature is increased by 1stRUN, and ΔHm of the polylactic acid resin observed when the temperature is increased by 2ndRUN, and relative crystallinity [{(ΔHm−ΔHcc) / ΔHm} × 100].
[0121]
In addition, the notebook PC casing (display back part) was injection molded at a cylinder temperature of 190 ° C. and a mold temperature of 90 ° C., and the moldability and appearance were evaluated in three stages according to the following criteria.
[0122]
A: The shape is maintained, the surface is not rough, and is glossy.
[0123]
○: The shape is maintained and the surface is slightly rough, but glossy.
[0124]
X: The shape is not maintained and molding is not possible.
[0125]
These results are also shown in Table 1.
[0126]
[Table 1]
[0127]
From the results in Table 1, it can be seen that the electric / electronic parts of the present invention are excellent in formability, mechanical properties, heat resistance, durability, and appearance.
[0128]
Further, the waste paper powders (B-1 and B-2) used in the above examples were treated in an electric furnace at 450 ° C. for 12 hours to determine the amount of ash. Furthermore, the obtained ash was analyzed using a fluorescent X-ray apparatus. The analysis results are shown in Table 2.
[0129]
[Table 2]
[0130]
From the results of Tables 1 and 2, it was found that by using paper powder containing aluminum, silicon, calcium, sulfur and magnesium, and the aluminum content is more than twice the magnesium content, It can be seen that it has excellent characteristics, heat resistance, durability, and appearance.
[0131]
[Examples 7 to 14, Comparative Examples 2 to 6]
Various materials such as resin derived from plant resources shown in Table 3 are mixed in the proportions shown in Table 3, and melt kneaded in a 30 mm diameter twin screw extruder under conditions of a cylinder temperature of 190 ° C. and a rotation speed of 100 rpm. A resin composition was obtained.
[0132]
The obtained resin composition was injection-molded at a cylinder temperature of 190 ° C. and a mold temperature of 90 ° C. to obtain an ASTM test piece having a thickness of 3 mm. In addition, when taking out a tensile test piece from a metal mold | die, injection molding was performed by making the shortest time when the solidified molded product without a deformation | transformation is obtained into a molding cycle time.
[0133]
Using the ASTM test piece prepared above, a tensile test according to ASTM method D638, a bending test according to ASTM method D790, an Izod impact test according to ASTM method D256, and a deflection temperature under load according to ASTM method D648 (0.45 MPa) was measured. Further, the tensile test piece was treated in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 60 ° C. and a relative humidity of 95% for 200 hours, and then the tensile strength was measured to obtain the tensile strength retention after the wet heat treatment.
[0134]
Further, the crystallization temperature (Tcc), the crystallization enthalpy (ΔHcc), the crystal melting enthalpy (ΔHm), and the crystallization temperature (Tc) at the time of temperature reduction of the produced bending test piece derived from the polylactic acid resin were measured. . The measurement method was as follows: DSC7 manufactured by PerkinElmer, 10 mg sample, 1 stRUN under nitrogen atmosphere, heated from 30 ° C. to 200 ° C. at a heating rate of 20 ° C./min, and held at 200 ° C. for 5 minutes. The temperature was decreased from 200 ° C. to 30 ° C. at a temperature decrease rate of 20 ° C./min, held at 30 ° C. for 1 minute, and further increased from 30 ° C. to 200 ° C. at a temperature increase rate of 20 ° C./min as 2ndRUN. It should be noted that Tcc and ΔHcc of the polylactic acid resin observed when the temperature is increased by 1stRUN, and ΔHm of the polylactic acid resin observed when the temperature is increased by 2ndRUN, and relative crystallinity [{(ΔHm−ΔHcc) / ΔHm} × 100].
[0135]
In addition, the casing of the notebook computer was injection molded at a cylinder temperature of 190 ° C. and a mold temperature of 90 ° C., and the moldability and appearance were evaluated in three stages according to the following criteria.
[0136]
A: The shape is maintained, the surface is not rough, and is glossy.
[0137]
○: The shape is maintained and the surface is slightly rough, but glossy.
[0138]
X: The shape is not maintained and molding is not possible.
[0139]
These results are also shown in Table 3.
[0140]
[Table 3]
[0141]
From the results in Table 3, it can be seen that the electric / electronic parts of the present invention are excellent in formability, mechanical properties, heat resistance, durability, and appearance.
[0142]
[Examples 15 to 18, Comparative Examples 7 to 8]
Various materials such as resin derived from plant resources shown in Table 4 are mixed at the ratio shown in Table 4, and melt kneaded in a 30 mm diameter twin screw extruder under conditions of a cylinder temperature of 190 ° C. and a rotation speed of 100 rpm. A resin composition was obtained.
[0143]
Various test pieces were obtained by performing injection molding of the obtained resin composition at a cylinder temperature of 190 ° C., a mold temperature of 90 ° C., and a molding cycle time of 45 seconds.
[0144]
Using the ASTM test piece having a thickness of 3 mm prepared above, a tensile test according to ASTM method D638, a bending test according to ASTM method D790, an Izod impact test according to ASTM method D256, and an Izod impact test according to ASTM method D648. The deflection temperature under load (0.45 MPa) was measured.
[0145]
Further, the crystallization temperature (Tcc), the crystallization enthalpy (ΔHcc), the crystal melting enthalpy (ΔHm), and the crystallization temperature (Tc) at the time of temperature reduction of the produced bending test piece derived from the polylactic acid resin were measured. . The measurement method was as follows: DSC7 manufactured by PerkinElmer, 10 mg sample, 1stRUN under nitrogen atmosphere, heated from 30 ° C. to 200 ° C. at a heating rate of 20 ° C./min, and held at 200 ° C. for 5 minutes. The temperature was decreased from 200 ° C. to 30 ° C. at a temperature decrease rate of 20 ° C./minute, held at 30 ° C. for 1 minute, and then further increased from 30 ° C. to 200 ° C. at a temperature increase rate of 20 ° C./minute as 2ndRUN. In addition, Tcc and ΔHcc of the polylactic acid resin observed when the temperature of 1stRUN was raised, ΔHm of the polylactic acid resin observed when the temperature of 2ndRUN was raised, and the relative crystallinity [{(ΔHm−ΔHcc) from the obtained value. / ΔHm} × 100].
[0146]
In addition, using an 80 × 80 × 3 mm square plate test piece prepared by injection molding, a 0.1% aluminum chloride aqueous solution is dropped as an electrolyte solution every 30 ± 5 seconds according to the test method of IEC Publication 112 standard. The number of electrolyte droplets until breakdown is plotted against the applied voltage, and the applied voltage at which 50 droplets are destroyed is read from the graph. This numerical value is defined as a relative tracking index (hereinafter referred to as CTI) and evaluated in four stages according to the following criteria. .
[0147]
A: CTI ≧ 600V
○: 600V> CTI ≧ 250V
Δ: 250V> CTI ≧ 100V
×: 100V> CTI
In addition, a flame test was performed by using a 127 × 12.7 × 0.8 mm test piece manufactured by injection molding in accordance with a vertical combustion test method of US UL standard subject 94 (UL94) to evaluate flame retardancy.
[0148]
In addition, the notebook PC casing (display back part) was injection molded at a cylinder temperature of 190 ° C. and a mold temperature of 90 ° C., and the moldability and appearance were evaluated in three stages according to the following criteria.
[0149]
A: The shape is maintained, the surface is not rough, and is glossy.
[0150]
○: The shape is maintained and the surface is slightly rough, but glossy.
[0151]
X: The shape is not maintained and molding is not possible.
[0152]
These results are also shown in Table 4.
[0153]
[Table 4]
[0154]
From the results in Table 4, it can be seen that the electric / electronic parts of the present invention are excellent in moldability, mechanical properties, heat resistance, electrical properties, flame retardancy, and appearance.
[0155]
[Examples 19 to 21]
The resin compositions obtained in Examples 2, 11 and 17 were subjected to injection molding at a cylinder temperature of 190 ° C. and a mold temperature of 90 ° C. using various injection molds. A flat cap) was successfully produced.
[0156]
The surface appearance of the fabricated mobile phone casing was evaluated in three stages according to the following criteria.
[0157]
A: There is no surface roughness and gloss.
[0158]
○: The surface is slightly rough but glossy.
[0159]
X: There is surface roughness and there is no gloss.
[0160]
The crystallization temperature (Tcc), crystallization enthalpy (ΔHcc), and crystal melting enthalpy (ΔHm) at the time of temperature rise derived from the polylactic acid resin of the produced mobile phone casing were measured. The measurement method was as follows: DSC7 manufactured by PerkinElmer, 10 mg sample, 1 stRUN under nitrogen atmosphere, heated from 30 ° C. to 200 ° C. at a heating rate of 20 ° C./min, and held at 200 ° C. for 5 minutes. The temperature is decreased from 200 ° C. to 30 ° C. at a temperature decrease rate of 20 ° C./min, held at 30 ° C. for 1 minute, and further increased to 30 ° C. to 200 ° C. at a temperature increase rate of 20 ° C./min as 2ndRUN. Tcc and ΔHcc of the polylactic acid resin observed at the time of warming, and ΔHm of the polylactic acid resin observed at the time of increasing the temperature of 2ndRUN were obtained, and the relative crystallinity [{(ΔHm−ΔHcc) / ΔHm} × 100 was obtained from the obtained value ] Was requested.
[0161]
In addition, the produced mobile phone casing was examined for fine particles on the cellulose surface at a magnification of 80,000 times using a transmission electron microscope (TEM).
[0162]
Moreover, after leaving the produced mobile telephone housing | casing still in a 140 degreeC hot air dryer for 1 hour, the presence or absence of a deformation | transformation was evaluated in two steps visually according to the following standard.
[0163]
○: No deformation
×: Deformed
In addition, after treating the cellular phone housing in a thermostatic chamber at 60 ° C. and 95% relative humidity for 100 hours, the weight average molecular weight (Mw) before and after the treatment was measured, and the molecular weight retention [(Mw / Mw before treatment × 100] was determined.
[0164]
These results are shown in Table 5.
[0165]
[Table 5]
[0166]
From the results in Table 5, it can be seen that the electric / electronic parts of the present invention are excellent in appearance, heat resistance and durability.
[0167]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it is excellent in a moldability, a mechanical characteristic, heat resistance, durability, and an external appearance, In a preferable aspect, the electrical / electronic component made from a plant resource resin excellent in a flame retardance and an electrical property is provided. .
Claims (16)
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