JP2005075790A - Apoptosis-inducing agent - Google Patents
Apoptosis-inducing agent Download PDFInfo
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- JP2005075790A JP2005075790A JP2003309580A JP2003309580A JP2005075790A JP 2005075790 A JP2005075790 A JP 2005075790A JP 2003309580 A JP2003309580 A JP 2003309580A JP 2003309580 A JP2003309580 A JP 2003309580A JP 2005075790 A JP2005075790 A JP 2005075790A
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- Prior art keywords
- cells
- gallate
- apoptosis
- cancer
- epigallocatechin
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、ポリフェノール(polyphenol)誘導体を有効成分として含有する、癌細胞に対するアポトーシス(apoptosis)誘導剤に関する。すなわち、ヒトまたは動物の癌細胞内にあるプロテアーゼ、特に、カスパーゼ(caspase)が不活性化されることにより増殖する癌細胞に対するアポトーシスの誘導に有効であって、ヒトまたは動物の癌細胞内のカスパーゼを活性化することによりアポトーシスを誘導し、癌細胞を死滅させることに関する。より詳しくは、茶の抽出物であって、環式炭化水素の環と6員芳香環とを含有する環式炭化水素の中の6員環をもつものに関する。 The present invention relates to an apoptosis inducer for cancer cells, which contains a polyphenol derivative as an active ingredient. That is, it is effective in inducing apoptosis of cancer cells proliferating by inactivation of proteases in human or animal cancer cells, in particular, caspases, and caspases in human or animal cancer cells. It is related to inducing apoptosis by activating and killing cancer cells. More specifically, the present invention relates to a tea extract having a 6-membered ring among cyclic hydrocarbons containing a cyclic hydrocarbon ring and a 6-membered aromatic ring.
アポトーシスは、細胞内の核の破壊を伴う細胞死である。癌細胞におけるアポトーシスの死分子機構として、カルシウム経路、死のシグナル経路、セラミド経路、ミトコンドリア経路、及びp53アポトーシス経路の5つの経路を介して誘導される分子機構が知られている(非特許文献1、橋本嘉幸:新アポトーシスの分子医学、羊土社、2001年4月:10−58)。 Apoptosis is cell death with destruction of the nucleus inside the cell. As a death molecular mechanism of apoptosis in cancer cells, a molecular mechanism induced through five pathways of calcium pathway, death signal pathway, ceramide pathway, mitochondrial pathway, and p53 apoptosis pathway is known (Non-patent Document 1). Hashimoto Yoshiyuki: Molecular Medicine for New Apoptosis, Yodosha, April 2001: 10-58).
カルシウム経路では、アポトーシス誘導刺激によりグルココルチコイドがマウスの胸腺細胞の細胞外膜に存在するグルココルチコイド受容体に作用して細胞内のアイピー3アール3(IP3R3)が活性化され、引き続き細胞内のカルシウムイオン(Ca2+)濃度が上昇し、プロテアーゼであるカルパインを活性化する。カルパインは、カスパーゼ1/インターロイキン−1β−変換酵素(interleukin−1β−converting enzyme、ICE)、カスパーゼ3を順次活性化、更に、カスパーゼ3はエンドヌクレアーゼを活性化し、活性化エンドヌクレアーゼの作用により核DNAが切断を受け、結果としてアポトーシスを誘導する(非特許文献1)。
In the calcium pathway, glucocorticoid acts on the glucocorticoid receptor present in the extracellular membrane of mouse thymocytes by apoptosis-inducing stimulation to activate intracellular IP 3R3 (IP3R3), followed by intracellular calcium. The ion (Ca 2+ ) concentration rises and activates the protease calpain. Calpain sequentially activates
死のシグナル経路では、アポトーシス誘導刺激により腫瘍壊死因子−α(tumor necrosis factor−α、TNF−α)、ファスリガンド(FS−7−associated cell surface antigen、FasL)などの細胞外タンパク質分子が、胸腺細胞やリンパ球の細胞外膜に存在するそれぞれの受容体に接触する。これらの受容体から細胞内のアダプター分子、即ち、ドメインに会合するタンパク分子、トラッド(TNFR1−associated death domain protein、TRADD)並びにファッド(fas−associated death domain protein、FADD)を介してカスパーゼ8を活性化する。活性型カスパーゼ8はカスパーゼ1/ICEを活性化、更に、活性型カスパーゼ1/ICEがカスパーゼ3を順次活性化し、アポトーシスを誘導する(非特許文献1)。
In the signal pathway of death, extracellular protein molecules such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and fasligand (FS-7-associated cell surface antigen, FasL) are induced by apoptosis-inducing stimulation, It contacts each receptor present on the outer cell membrane of cells and lymphocytes. From these receptors,
セラミド経路では、アポトーシス誘導刺激により細胞間の情報伝達を司るスフィンゴ脂質が細胞内に入り、スフィンゴミエリナーゼの酵素分解を受け、細胞内セラミドが増加する。これがサップキナーゼ/ジュン−N末端キナーゼ(stress−activated protein kinase/c−jun N−terminal kinase、SAPK/JNK)を活性化し、更に、活性型SAPK/JNKはカスパーゼ1/IECを活性化し、アポトーシスを誘導する(非特許文献1)。
In the ceramide pathway, sphingolipids that control information transmission between cells enter the cell by apoptosis-inducing stimulation, undergo enzymatic degradation of sphingomyelinase, and increase intracellular ceramide. This activates sap kinase / June-N-terminal kinase (stress-activated protein kinase / c-jun N-terminal kinase, SAPK / JNK), and activated SAPK / JNK activates
ミトコンドリア経路では、アポトーシス誘導刺激によりミトコンドリア膜上に存在するタンパク質であるアポトーシス促進因子のバックス(Bcl−2 associated X protein、bax)が活性化され、アント(adenine nucleotide translocator、ANT)とピーティーピーシー(permiability transition pore complex、PTPC)のタンパク質と会合後、ミトコンドリア膜に細孔を開ける。ミトコンドリア内から細孔を通してチトクロームcが細胞質内に放出され、チトクロームcはアポトーシス誘導因子−1(apoptosis protease−activating factor−1、Apaf−1)を活性化、活性化Apaf−1はカスパーゼ9を活性化し、アポトーシスを誘導する(非特許文献1)。 In the mitochondrial pathway, apoptosis-promoting factor Bax (Bcl-2 associated X protein, bax), which is a protein present on the mitochondrial membrane, is activated by apoptosis-inducing stimulation, and ant (permitability) with ant (adenine nucleotide translocator, ANT). After associating with the protein of the transition pore complex (PTPC), a pore is opened in the mitochondrial membrane. Cytochrome c is released from the mitochondria through the pore into the cytoplasm, cytochrome c activates apoptosis-inducing factor-1, and activated Apaf-1 activates caspase-9 And induces apoptosis (Non-patent Document 1).
p53アポトーシス経路について、抗癌剤を用いた場合では、癌抑制遺伝子であるp53が活性化を受け、次に、カスパーゼ1、カスパーゼ3を順次活性化し、アポトーシスを誘導する。一方、抗癌剤耐性細胞においては、癌制御遺伝子であるp53が突然変異を受けていることが多いため、ミトコンドリア経路でのチトクロームcの放出が妨げられ、アポトーシスの誘導が困難であることも報告されている(非特許文献1)。
Regarding the p53 apoptotic pathway, when an anticancer agent is used, p53 which is a tumor suppressor gene is activated, and then
ポリフェノールは、タンパク質やアルカロイド等と結合して、その結果難溶化の傾向を示す多価フェノール類であり、タンニンなどの化合物を含む(非特許文献2、川崎敏男、他:天然薬物化学、廣川書店、1986年4月:124)。茶ポリフェノールは通称カテキン類とも言われており、近年では多くの生理活性が報告されている。例えば、抗酸化作用(非特許文献3、Hashimoto、F.et al.:Biosci.Biotechnol.Biochem.、67:396−401、2003)、抗HIV作用(非特許文献4、Hashimoto、F.et al.:Bioorg.Med.Chem.Lett.、6:695−700、1996)、抗アレルギー作用(非特許文献5、Yamada、K.et al.:Food Sci.Technol.Res.、5:1−8、1999)、DNA切断作用(非特許文献6、Ohashi、Y.et al.:Biosci.Biotechnol.Biochem.、66:770−776、2002)、抗トポイソメラーゼI及びII作用(非特許文献7、Suzuki、K.et al.:Biol.Pharm.Bull.、24:1088−1090、2001)、突然変異抑制作用(非特許文献8、Yen、G.C. and Chen,H.Y.:J.Agric.Food Chem.、43:27−32、1995)、抗癌作用(非特許文献9、中村好志:茶の抗突然変異・抗癌作用、朝倉書店、1997年9月:131−143)など、たくさんの報告がある。
Polyphenols are polyphenols that bind to proteins, alkaloids, etc., and as a result tend to be poorly soluble, and include compounds such as tannin (Non-Patent
茶ポリフェノールは、緑茶、紅茶、烏龍茶、黒茶から単離され、70種以上ものポリフェノール類が含有され、それらの化学構造が既に明らかにされている(非特許文献10、橋本文雄:各種茶のポリフェノールに関する化学的研究、1988年2月:1−222;非特許文献11、Hashimoto、F.et al.:Chem.Pharm.Bull.、35:611−616、1987;非特許文献12、Hashimoto、F.et al.:Chem.Pharm.Bull.、36:1676−1684、1988;非特許文献13、Hashimoto、F.et al.:Chem.Pharm.Bull.、37:77−85、1989;非特許文献14、Hashimoto、F.et al.:Chem.Pharm.Bull.、37:3255−3263、1989;非特許文献15、Hashimoto、F.et al.:Chem.Pharm.Bull.、40:1383−1389、1992)。
Tea polyphenols are isolated from green tea, black tea, oolong tea, and black tea, contain more than 70 polyphenols, and their chemical structures have already been clarified (Non-Patent
茶ポリフェノールは、その生合成機構の違いにより、二つに分類されている。即ち、生葉中に元来含まれる一次ポリフェノールと、紅茶、烏龍茶等の製造工程(萎凋、発酵)で、フラバン3−オール(flavan−3−ol)類から変換した二次ポリフェノールとに大別される。一次ポリフェノールには、フラバン3−オール(flavan−3−ol)類、プロアントシアニジン(proanthocyanidin)類、加水分解型タンニン(hydrolyzable tannin)類、チャルカン−フラバン二量体(chalcan−flavan dimer)類、ウーロンホモビスフラバン(oolonghomobisflavan)類が含まれる。一方、二次ポリフェノールとして、テアシネンシン(theasinensin)類、テアフラガリン(theaflagallin)類、テアフラビン(theaflavin)類が含まれる(非特許文献9)。 Tea polyphenols are classified into two types depending on the biosynthetic mechanism. That is, it is roughly classified into primary polyphenols originally contained in fresh leaves and secondary polyphenols converted from flavan-3-ols in the production process (wilt, fermentation) of black tea, oolong tea, and the like. The Primary polyphenols include flavan-3-ols, proanthocyanidins, hydrolyzable tannins, charcan-flavan dimers, oolongs Homobisflavans are included. On the other hand, the secondary polyphenols include theasinensins, theaflavalins, and theaflavins (Non-patent Document 9).
いわゆる茶カテキン類と称する主ポリフェノールの、エピガロカテキン3−ガレート((−)−epigallocatechin 3−O−gallte、EGCG)、エピガロカテキン((−)−epigallocatechin、EGC)、エピカテキン3−ガレート((−)−epicatechin 3−O−gallate、ECG)、エピカテキン((−)−epicatechin、EC)、ガロカテキン((+)−gallocatechin、GC)、カテキン((+)−catechin、CA)を除く、種々のポリフェノール類は、茶葉からの単離が容易ではなかったこともあって、種々の生物活性試験を行うことが困難であった問題点がある。 The main polyphenols called so-called tea catechins are epigallocatechin 3-gallate ((−)-epigallocatechin 3-O-galte, EGCG), epigallocatechin ((−)-epigallocatechin, EGC), epicatechin 3-gallate ( Except (−)-epicatechin 3-O-gallate, ECG), epicatechin ((−)-epicatechin, EC), gallocatechin ((+)-galcatechin, GC), catechin ((+)-catechin, CA), Various polyphenols have a problem that it was difficult to conduct various biological activity tests because they were not easily isolated from tea leaves.
茶ポリフェノールが抗癌作用を有するという事実が明らかにされたものの、ポリフェノールの癌細胞増殖抑制効果と、癌細胞のアポトーシス誘導による細胞死との関係は、明らかではなかったなどの問題点がある(非特許文献1;非特許文献9)。
Although the fact that tea polyphenol has an anticancer activity has been clarified, there is a problem such as that the relationship between the inhibitory effect of polyphenol on cancer cell proliferation and the cell death caused by apoptosis induction of cancer cells has not been clarified ( Non-patent
U937のリンパ球癌細胞を用いたアポトーシスの誘導には、茶ポリフェノールの化学構造のピロガロール環が重要であることが明らかにされている(非特許文献16、Saeki、K.et al.:Phytochemistry、53:391−394、2000)。また、二次ポリフェノールであるテアシネンシン類やテアフラビン類がU937のリンパ球がん細胞に対して、アポトーシスを誘導することが報告されているが、他のがん細胞を用いたアポトーシス誘導の報告例はない(非特許文献17、Pan、M.−H.et al.:J.Agric.Food Chem.、48:6337−6346、2000)。
It has been clarified that the pyrogallol ring of the chemical structure of tea polyphenol is important for the induction of apoptosis using lymphocyte cancer cells of U937 (
その他、特開平2000−226329号(以下、特許文献1という)に、MMP阻害剤(特許文献1の第0001〜0014段落)の記載がある。「カテキン化合物の抗酸化活性や抗ウィルス活性、など多様な生物活性に着目し、カテキン化合物がMMPsに対して阻害作用を有するかもしれないと推測し、カテキンのMMPs阻害活性を調べた結果、カテキンが、その多様な生物活性と併せて、MMP阻害作用を示し、結果として、MMPs活性の調節不能に起因する難治性疾患の治療及び予防に対する有用性が期待できることを見出した」という記載がある(特許文献1の第0013段落)。
特開平2000−344672号(以下、特許文献2という)には、マトリックスメタロプロテアーゼ阻害剤(特許文献2の第0001〜0014段落)の記載がある。「ポリフェノール類であるタンニン化合物についても、MMPs阻害活性を調べた結果、該化合物が、優れたMMP阻害作用を示し、結果として、MMPs活性の調節不能に起因する難治性疾患の治療および予防に対して有用性が期待できることを見出し、本発明を完成した」という記載がある(特許文献2の第0013段落)。
In addition, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-226329 (hereinafter referred to as Patent Document 1) describes MMP inhibitors (paragraphs 0001 to 0014 of Patent Document 1). “As a result of investigating the biological activity such as antioxidant activity and antiviral activity of catechin compounds, catechin compounds may have an inhibitory effect on MMPs, and investigating the MMPs inhibitory activity of catechins, However, it has been found that it exhibits MMP inhibitory action in combination with its various biological activities, and as a result, can be expected to be useful for the treatment and prevention of intractable diseases caused by the inability to regulate MMPs activity ”( (Paragraph 0013 of Patent Document 1).
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-344672 (hereinafter referred to as Patent Document 2) describes a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor (paragraphs 0001 to 0014 of Patent Document 2). “As a result of examining MMPs inhibitory activity of tannin compounds which are polyphenols, the compound showed excellent MMP inhibitory activity, and as a result, the treatment and prevention of refractory diseases caused by dysregulation of MMPs activity. In other words, the present invention has been completed by finding that usefulness can be expected (paragraph 0013 of Patent Document 2).
特願2002−084666号(以下、特許文献3という)には、抗癌剤(特許文献3の第0001〜0006段落)の記載がある。「発癌プロモーターTPAによる細胞癌化実験を行ったところ、アントシアニジン誘導体、特に、ブルーベリーの果実から抽出したアントシアニジン配糖体であるアントシアニンを含有した培地においては、細胞癌化が抑制されることを見出した」という記載がある(特許文献3の第0005段落)。
特願2003−157862号(以下、特許文献4という)には、アポトーシス誘導剤(特許文献4の第0015、0016段落)と記載した。「紅茶から抽出されたプルプロガリン誘導体並びにその合成したプルプロガリン誘導体のヒト急性前骨髄性白血病疾患細胞(HL−60細胞)に対するアポトーシス誘導を調べた結果、プルプロガリン(purpurogallin)が濃度依存的および経時的にアポトーシスを誘導することと併せて、テアフラビン(theaflavin)類も同様にHL−60細胞に対してアポトーシスを誘導することを見出し、結果として、正常細胞に対してアポトーシス誘導を起こさせなくて、癌細胞に対してのみアポトーシスを誘導できることを見出した。」、「プルプロガリン(Purpurogallin)がHL−60細胞に対してカスパーゼ8を活性化し、カスパーゼ8の直接作用によりカスパーゼ3を活性化し、引き続いてDNAが断片化され、アポトーシスが誘導されることを見出した。また、カスパーゼ8からはビッド(Bid)は切断されず、ミトコンドリアからも細胞質へチトクロームcは放出されず、カスパーゼ9は結果として活性化されないことを見出した。この細胞死機構は、HL−60細胞内の活性酸素の増加を伴わないでアポトーシスを誘導することを見出し、本発明を完成した。」という記載がある。
Japanese Patent Application No. 2002-084666 (hereinafter referred to as Patent Document 3) describes an anticancer agent (paragraphs 0001 to 0006 of Patent Document 3). “When an oncogenic promoter TPA was used, a cell canceration experiment was conducted, and in an anthocyanidin derivative, particularly an anthocyanin glycoside extracted from blueberry fruit, anthocyanin was found to inhibit cell carcinogenesis. (Patent Document 3, paragraph 0005).
In Japanese Patent Application No. 2003-157862 (hereinafter referred to as Patent Document 4), it was described as an apoptosis inducer (paragraphs 0015 and 0016 of Patent Document 4). “As a result of investigating the induction of apoptosis in human acute promyelocytic leukemia disease cells (HL-60 cells) by purpurogallin derivatives extracted from black tea and the synthesized purprogalin derivatives, purpurogallin was apoptotic in a concentration-dependent manner and over time. And theaflavins have also been found to induce apoptosis in HL-60 cells, and as a result, they do not induce apoptosis in normal cells. It was found that apoptosis can only be induced against "," Purpurogallin activates
しかしながら、ポリフェノール誘導体の癌細胞増殖を抑制する分子機構が、その細胞を自死に至らしめたかどうかについては不明であることから、日常的に飲茶として摂取しているポリフェノール類を医薬品、または健康補助食品として実用化することに問題点がある。また、特許文献1及び特許文献2に記載のある、マトリックスメタロプロテアーゼ阻害剤としての効果・効能についても、臨床的有用性は明らかにされておらず、実用化には至っていない。さらに、正常細胞には安全で癌細胞に対してアポトーシスを誘導する医薬品の供給が必要であるなどの問題点がある。
However, since it is unclear whether the molecular mechanism that suppresses cancer cell growth of polyphenol derivatives has caused the cells to die, polyphenols that are ingested as dim sum on a daily basis are used as pharmaceuticals or health supplements. There is a problem in putting it into practical use. In addition, as to the effects and efficacy as matrix metalloprotease inhibitors described in
本発明は、緑茶、烏龍茶、紅茶から抽出されたポリフェノール誘導体並びにその合成したポリフェノール誘導体が癌細胞に対してアポトーシスを誘導することを明らかにした上で、緑茶、烏龍茶、紅茶から抽出されたポリフェノール誘導体並びにそれらを合成したポリフェノール誘導体を新規な医薬品および健康補助食品として提供するものである。 The present invention clarifies that polyphenol derivatives extracted from green tea, oolong tea and black tea and the synthesized polyphenol derivatives induce apoptosis in cancer cells, and then polyphenol derivatives extracted from green tea, oolong tea and black tea. In addition, the present invention provides polyphenol derivatives obtained by synthesizing them as novel pharmaceuticals and health supplements.
本発明者らは、上記の課題を解決するために、紅茶から抽出されたポリフェノール誘導体並びにその合成したポリフェノール誘導体のヒト急性前骨髄性白血病疾患細胞(HL−60細胞)、ヒト大腸癌細胞(LoVo細胞)に対するアポトーシス誘導を調べた結果、プロデルフィニジンB−2(prodelphinidin B−2)が濃度依存的および経時的にアポトーシスを誘導することと併せて、ポリフェノール(polyphenol)類も同様にHL−60細胞、LoVo細胞に対してアポトーシスを誘導すること、癌細胞に対してアポトーシスを誘導できることを見出した。より詳しくは、 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have made use of a polyphenol derivative extracted from black tea and a synthesized polyphenol derivative of human acute promyelocytic leukemia disease cells (HL-60 cells), human colon cancer cells (LoVo). As a result of examining apoptosis induction on cells), it was found that prodelphinidin B-2 induces apoptosis in a concentration-dependent and time-dependent manner, and polyphenols similarly produced HL-60 cells. It has been found that apoptosis can be induced on LoVo cells and apoptosis can be induced on cancer cells. More details
プロデルフィニジンB−2(prodelphinidin B−2)がHL−60細胞に対してカスパーゼ8を活性化し、カスパーゼ8の直接作用によりカスパーゼ3を活性化し、引き続いてDNAが断片化され、アポトーシスが誘導されることを見出した。また、カスパーゼ9も活性化されることを見出した。この細胞死機序は、HL−60細胞内の活性酸素の増加を伴いアポトーシスを誘導することを見出し、本発明を完成した。
Prodelphinidin B-2 activates
本発明のApoptosis誘導剤は、ポリフェノール誘導体を有効成分として含有する。このポリフェノール誘導体とは、緑茶、烏龍茶、紅茶から抽出、単離、精製されたポリフェノール類、例えば、(−)−エピガロカテキン(epigallocatechin)(1)、(−)−エピガロカテキン−3−O−ガレート(epigallocatechin−3−O−gallate)(2)、(−)−エピガロカテキン−3、5−ジ−O−ガレート(epigallocatechin 3、5−di−O−gallate)(3)、(+)−ガロカテキン(gallocatechin)(4)、8−C−アスコルビルエピガロカテキン(8−C−ascorbyl epigallocatechin)(5)、プロデルフィニジンB−2(prodelphinidin B−2)(6)、プロデルフィニジンB−2 3'−O−ガレート(prodelphinidin B−2 3'−O−gallate)(7)、プロデルフィニジンB−2 3、3'−ジ−O−ガレート(prodelphinidin B−2 3、3'−di−O−gallate)(8)、(−)−エピガロカテキン (4β−8) (−)−エピカテキン−3−O−ガレート(epigallocatechin(4β−8)epicatechin−3−O−gallate)(9)、(−)−エピガロカテキン−3−O−ガレート (4β−8) (−)−エピカテキン−3−O−ガレート(epigallocatechin−3−O−gallate(4β−8)epicatechin−3−O−gallate)(10)、プロシアニジンB−4(procyanidinB−4)(11)、(+)−ガロカテキン (4α−8) (−)−エピカテキン(gallocatechin (4α−8) epicatechin)(12)、(+)−カテキン (4α−8) (−)−エピガロカテキン(catechin (4α−8) epigallocatechin)(13)、プロデルフィニジンB−4(prodelphinidin B−4)(14)、プロデルフィニジンB−4 3'−O−ガレート(prodelphinidin B−4 3'−O−gallate)(15)、ウーロンホモビスフラバンA(oolonghomobisflavan A)(16)、モノデスガロイルウーロンホモビスフラバンA(monodesgalloyl oolonghomobisflavan A)(17)、アッサミカインA(assamicain A)(18)、アッサミカインB(assamicain B)(19)、テアシネンシンA(theasinensin A)(20)、テアシネンシンB(theasinensin B)(21)、テアシネンシンC(theasinensin C)(22)、テアシネンシンD(theasinensin D)(23)、テアシネンシンE(theasinensin E)(24)、ストリクティニン(strictinin)(25)、没食子酸(gallic acid)(26)であり、ヒト急性前骨髄性白血病疾患細胞(HL−60細胞)、ヒト大腸癌細胞(LoVo)の癌細胞、癌細胞、または抗癌剤耐性細胞などの疾患細胞に対してアポトーシスを誘導することのできる化合物である。
ポリフェノール誘導体(化合物(1)〜(24))は、一般式(I)で示す(式中R1〜R6は表1〜表6にそれぞれ対応する化学式を示す)。表1には、単量体ポリフェノール類、表2には、プロアントシアニジン類(proanthocyanidin)、表3には、プロアントシアニジン類(proanthocyanidin)、表4には、ウーロンホモビスフラバン、表5には、アッサミカイン類(assamicain)、表6には、テアシネンシン類(theasinensin)を示す。化2にストリクティニン(strictinin)(25)を示す。化3に没食子酸(gallic acid)(26)を示す。
The apoptosis inducer of the present invention contains a polyphenol derivative as an active ingredient. This polyphenol derivative is a polyphenol extracted, isolated and purified from green tea, oolong tea, black tea, for example, (−)-epigallocatechin (1), (−)-epigallocatechin-3-O. -Gallate (epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate) (2), (-)-epigallocatechin-3,5-di-O-gallate (epigallocatechin 3, 5-di-O-gallate) (3), (+ ) -Gallocatechin (4), 8-C-ascorbyl epigallocatechin (5), prodelphinidin B-2 (6), prodelphinidin B-2 3 ' O-gallate (prodelphidin B-2 3'-O-gallate) (7), prodelphinidin B-2 3,3'-di-O-gallate (prodelphidin B-2 3, 3'-di-O-gallate) (8), (−)-epigallocatechin (4β-8) (−)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate (epigallocatechin (4β-8) epicatechin-3-O-gallate) (9), (−) -Epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (4β-8) (-)-Epicatechin-3-O-gallate (4β-8) epicatechin-3-O-gallate (10) ), Procyanidin B-4 (11) (+)-Gallocatechin (4α-8) (−)-epicatechin (4α-8) epicatechin (12), (+)-catechin (4α-8) (−)-epigallocatechin (catechin ( 4α-8) epigallocin (13), prodelphinidin B-4 (prodelphindin B-4) (14), prodelphinidin B-4 3′-O-gallate (15) ), Oolonghomobisflavan A (16), monodesgalloyl oolongobisflavan A (17), assamikine A assamicin A) (18), assamicin B (19), theasinensin A (20), theasinensin B (21), theasinensin C (theassinsin C) (22), theassininsin D) (23), theasinensin E (24), strictinin (25), gallic acid (26), human acute promyelocytic leukemia disease cells (HL-) 60 cells), human colon cancer cells (LoVo) cancer cells, cancer cells, or compounds capable of inducing apoptosis on disease cells such as anticancer drug resistant cells.
The polyphenol derivative (compounds (1) to (24)) is represented by the general formula (I) (wherein R 1 to R 6 represent chemical formulas corresponding to Tables 1 to 6, respectively). Table 1 shows monomeric polyphenols, Table 2 shows proanthocyanidins, Table 3 shows proanthocyanidins, Table 4 shows oolong homobisflavans, Table 5 shows Assamicains, Table 6 shows theasinensins.
本発明のアポトーシス誘導剤とは、ポリフェノール誘導体を有効成分として含有する。 The apoptosis inducer of the present invention contains a polyphenol derivative as an active ingredient.
本発明のアポトーシス誘導剤には、ポリフェノール誘導体が、(−)−エピガロカテキン(epigallocatechin)(1)、(−)−エピガロカテキン−3、5−ジ−O−ガレート(epigallocatechin 3、5−di−O−gallate)(3)、(+)−ガロカテキン(gallocatechin)(4)、8−C−アスコルビルエピガロカテキン(8−C−ascorbyl epigallocatechin)(5)、プロデルフィニジンB−2(prodelphinidin B−2)(6)、プロデルフィニジンB−2 3'−O−ガレート(prodelphinidin B−2 3'−O−gallate)(7)、プロデルフィニジンB−2 3、3'−ジ−O−ガレート(prodelphinidin B−2 3、3'−di−O−gallate)(8)、(−)−エピガロカテキン (4β−8) (−)−エピカテキン−3−O−ガレート(epigallocatechin(4β−8)epicatechin−3−O−gallate)(9)、(−)−エピガロカテキン−3−O−ガレート (4β−8) (−)−エピカテキン−3−O−ガレート(epigallocatechin−3−O−gallate(4β−8)epicatechin−3−O−gallate)(10)、プロシアニジンB−4(procyanidinB−4)(11)、(+)−ガロカテキン (4α−8) (−)−エピカテキン(gallocatechin (4α−8) epicatechin)(12)、(+)−カテキン (4α−8) (−)−エピガロカテキン(catechin (4α−8) epigallocatechin)(13)、プロデルフィニジンB−4(prodelphinidin B−4)(14)、プロデルフィニジンB−4 3'−O−ガレート(prodelphinidin B−4 3'−O−gallate)(15)、ウーロンホモビスフラバンA(oolonghomobisflavan A)(16)、モノデスガロイルウーロンホモビスフラバンA(monodesgalloyl oolonghomobisflavan A)(17)、アッサミカインA(assamicain A)(18)、アッサミカインB(assamicain B)(19)、テアシネンシンB(theasinensin B)(21)、テアシネンシンC(theasinensin C)(22)、テアシネンシンD(theasinensin D)(23)、テアシネンシンE(theasinensin E)(24)、ストリクティニン(strictinin)(25)、没食子酸(gallic acid)(26)、が含まれる。また、これらのポリフェノール誘導体は緑茶、ウーロン茶、紅茶などのいわゆる茶葉から抽出されたものであって、癌疾患細胞に対するものである。 In the apoptosis inducer of the present invention, polyphenol derivatives include (−)-epigallocatechin (1), (−)-epigallocatechin-3, 5-di-O-gallate (epigallocatechin 3, 5- di-O-gallate (3), (+)-gallocatechin (4), 8-C-ascorbyl epigallocatechin (5), prodelphinidin B-2 (prodelphindin B) -2) (6), prodelphinidin B-2 3'-O-gallate (7), prodelphinidin B-2 3,3'-di-O-gallate (7) prodelp inidin B-2 3,3′-di-O-gallate) (8), (−)-epigallocatechin (4β-8) (−)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate (epigallocatechin (4β-8)) epicatechin-3-O-gallate (9), (−)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (4β-8) (−)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate (epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate) (4β-8) epicatechin-3-O-gallate) (10), procyanidin B-4 (procyanidin B-4) (11), (+)-gallocatechin (4α-8) (−)-epicatechin (4α -8) epicatechin) (12), (+)-cate Kin (4α-8) (−)-epigallocatechin (13α) epigallocatechin (13), prodelphinidin B-4 (14), prodelphinidin B-4 3′-O -Gallate (prodelphindin B-4 3'-O-gallate) (15), oolonghomobisflavan A (16), monodesgalloyl oolong homobisflavan A (monodesgalloylholangafismovar) 17 (Assamicain A) (18), assamicin B (19), theasinensin B (theasinensin B) ) (21), theasinensin C (22), theasinensin D (23), theasinensin E (24), strictinin (25), gallic acid (gallic acid) ) (26). These polyphenol derivatives are extracted from so-called tea leaves such as green tea, oolong tea and black tea, and are for cancer disease cells.
本発明のアポトーシス誘導剤には、ポリフェノール誘導体が、(−)−エピガロカテキン−3−O−ガレート(epigallocatechin−3−O−gallate)(2)、テアシネンシンA(theasinensin A)(20)、が含まれる。また、これらのポリフェノール誘導体は緑茶、ウーロン茶、紅茶などのいわゆる茶葉から抽出されたものであって、癌疾患細胞(U937のリンパ球癌細胞を除く)に対するものである。 In the apoptosis inducer of the present invention, polyphenol derivatives include (−)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (2), theasinensin A (20), included. These polyphenol derivatives are extracted from so-called tea leaves such as green tea, oolong tea and black tea, and are for cancer disease cells (excluding lymphocyte cancer cells of U937).
本発明のアポトーシス誘導剤は、ポリフェノール誘導体が緑茶、ウーロン茶、紅茶などのいわゆる茶葉から抽出されたものであって、ヒト急性前骨髄性白血病疾患細胞(HL−60細胞)、ヒト大腸癌細胞(LoVo)に対するものである。本発明のアポトーシス誘導剤は、胃癌、肺癌、すい臓癌、腎臓癌、大腸癌、血液癌などの癌疾患細胞に対するものである。 The apoptosis-inducing agent of the present invention is obtained by extracting a polyphenol derivative from so-called tea leaves such as green tea, oolong tea, black tea, etc., and comprises human acute promyelocytic leukemia disease cells (HL-60 cells), human colon cancer cells (LoVo). ). The apoptosis inducer of the present invention is for cancer disease cells such as stomach cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, kidney cancer, colon cancer, blood cancer and the like.
本発明のアポトーシス誘導剤は、ポリフェノール誘導体が合成されたものであって、癌疾患細胞に対するものである。また、ポリフェノール誘導体が合成されたものであって、ヒト急性前骨髄性白血病疾患細胞(HL−60細胞)、ヒト大腸癌細胞(LoVo細胞)に対するものである。 The apoptosis inducer of the present invention is a compound in which a polyphenol derivative is synthesized and is for cancer disease cells. In addition, polyphenol derivatives are synthesized and are for human acute promyelocytic leukemia disease cells (HL-60 cells) and human colon cancer cells (LoVo cells).
ポリフェノール誘導体の癌細胞増殖を抑制する分子機構が、その細胞を自死に至らしめたかどうかについて明らかにした。日常的に飲茶として摂取しているポリフェノール類を医薬品、または健康補助食品として実用化できる。
本発明は、緑茶、烏龍茶、紅茶から抽出されたポリフェノール誘導体が癌細胞に対してアポトーシスを誘導することを明らかにした上で、緑茶、烏龍茶、紅茶から抽出されたポリフェノール誘導体を新規な医薬品および健康補助食品として提供できる。
本発明によって、ヒト急性前骨髄性白血病疾患細胞(HL−60細胞)、ヒト大腸癌細胞(LoVo細胞)に対する優れたアポトーシス誘導剤として、ポリフェノール誘導体を提供できる。
We clarified whether the molecular mechanism of polyphenol derivatives that suppress cancer cell growth caused the cells to die. Polyphenols taken as dim sum on a daily basis can be put into practical use as pharmaceuticals or health supplements.
The present invention clarifies that polyphenol derivatives extracted from green tea, oolong tea, and black tea induce apoptosis of cancer cells, and uses polyphenol derivatives extracted from green tea, oolong tea, black tea as novel pharmaceuticals and health Can be provided as a supplement.
According to the present invention, a polyphenol derivative can be provided as an excellent apoptosis inducer for human acute promyelocytic leukemia disease cells (HL-60 cells) and human colon cancer cells (LoVo cells).
以下、本発明を実施例により具体的に説明するが、本発明は、これらの実施例に限定されるものではない。
本発明において、例えば、紅茶の茶葉から、水、低級アルコール、アセトン、酢酸エチルなどの有機溶媒を用いてテアフラビン類を抽出することができる。また、紅茶など市販茶葉中のテアフラビン類は0.7〜1.5%含まれている(非特許文献3)。
本発明のポリフェノール(polyphenol)類を、文献記載の方法を用いて単離した(非特許文献10)。
また、テアシネンシン類、ウーロンホモビスフラバン(oolonghomobisflavan)類を合成した。
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention concretely, this invention is not limited to these Examples.
In the present invention, for example, theaflavins can be extracted from tea leaves of black tea using an organic solvent such as water, lower alcohol, acetone, and ethyl acetate. Moreover, theaflavins in commercially available tea leaves such as black tea are contained in an amount of 0.7 to 1.5% (Non-patent Document 3).
The polyphenols of the present invention were isolated using methods described in literature (Non-patent Document 10).
In addition, theacinensins and oolong homobisflavans were synthesized.
[ヒト急性前骨髄性白血病疾患細胞(HL−60細胞)の調整]
RMPI1640(10%FBS+)倍地の作成:
RMPI1640を2.04g秤取し、蒸留水にて全量を200mlとし、攪拌して溶解した後、溶液をオートクレーブで滅菌した(121℃、20分)。冷後、これに、10%炭酸水素ナトリウム(NaHCO3)を4ml、FBS(予め非動化したもの)を20ml、抗生物質溶液(ペニシリン・ストレプトマイシン)2mlを加え、4℃で保存した。
[Adjustment of human acute promyelocytic leukemia disease cells (HL-60 cells)]
Creation of RMPI 1640 (10% FBS +) medium:
After 2.04 g of RMPI 1640 was weighed and made up to 200 ml with distilled water and dissolved by stirring, the solution was sterilized with an autoclave (121 ° C., 20 minutes). After cooling, 4 ml of 10% sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO 3 ), 20 ml of FBS (previously immobilized), and 2 ml of antibiotic solution (penicillin / streptomycin) were added and stored at 4 ° C.
HL−60細胞の融解と増殖:
予め−80℃で凍結させておいたHL−60細胞を37℃で溶解し、予め37℃で保温したRMPI1640(10%FBS+)倍地5mlに混入し、よく混合した。培地を、遠心分離(1200rpm、5分間)した後、上澄みを除去した。これにRMPI1640(10%FBS+)倍地1mlを加え、軽く攪拌し、さらにRMPI1640(10%FBS+)培地5mlを加え、混合した後、遠心分離(1200rpm、5分間)を行い、上澄みを除去した。これにRMPI1640(10%FBS+)培地1mlを加え、軽く攪拌し、さらにRMPI1640(10%FBS+)培地5mlを加え、混合した後、シャーレ(6cm)に培地を流し込み、5%二酸化炭素含有大気中37℃の条件で、インキュベーターでHL−60細胞を培養した。
Thawing and proliferation of HL-60 cells:
HL-60 cells that had been frozen at -80 ° C in advance were lysed at 37 ° C, mixed in 5 ml of RMPI 1640 (10% FBS +) medium that had been kept warm at 37 ° C, and mixed well. After centrifuging the medium (1200 rpm, 5 minutes), the supernatant was removed. To this, 1 ml of RMPI 1640 (10% FBS +) medium was added, stirred gently, and further 5 ml of RMPI 1640 (10% FBS +) medium was added and mixed, followed by centrifugation (1200 rpm, 5 minutes), and the supernatant was removed. To this, 1 ml of RMPI 1640 (10% FBS +) medium was added, stirred gently, and further 5 ml of RMPI 1640 (10% FBS +) medium was added and mixed, and then the medium was poured into a petri dish (6 cm) and 37% in an atmosphere containing 5% carbon dioxide. HL-60 cells were cultured in an incubator under the condition of ° C.
HL−60細胞の継代:
培養し、増殖されたHL−60細胞を15mlチューブで回収し、丁寧に拡販した後、その少量を血球計算盤に採取し、細胞数をカウントした。15mlチューブで回収したHL−60細胞を、遠心分離(1200rpm、5分間)した後、上澄みを除去した。これに予め37℃で保温したRMPI1640(10%FBS+)培地1mlを加え、軽く攪拌し、先の細胞数を計算した値から、倍地中の細胞の濃度が2x106cells/6mlとなるように、RMPI1640(10%FBS+)培地で濃度を調整した。調整した培地を、5%二酸化炭素含有大気中37℃の条件で、インキュベーターで培養し、HL−60細胞を継代した。
Passage of HL-60 cells:
Cultured and proliferated HL-60 cells were collected in a 15 ml tube and carefully expanded, then a small amount was collected on a hemocytometer and the number of cells was counted. HL-60 cells collected in a 15 ml tube were centrifuged (1200 rpm, 5 minutes), and then the supernatant was removed. To this, 1 ml of RMPI 1640 (10% FBS +) medium preliminarily kept at 37 ° C. was added, stirred gently, and the concentration of cells in the medium was 2 × 10 6 cells / 6 ml based on the previous cell count calculation. The concentration was adjusted with RMPI1640 (10% FBS +) medium. The prepared medium was cultured in an incubator at 37 ° C. in an atmosphere containing 5% carbon dioxide, and HL-60 cells were passaged.
HL−60細胞の保存:
継代されたHL−60細胞を15mlチューブで回収し、丁寧に拡販した後、その少量を血球計算盤に採取し、細胞数をカウントした。15mlチューブで回収したHL−60細胞を、遠心分離(1200rpm、5分間)した後、上澄みを除去した。これに予め37℃で保温したRMPI1640(10%FBS+)培地1mlを加え、軽く攪拌し、先の細胞数を計算した値から、倍地中の細胞の濃度が2x106cells/1mlとなるように、RMPI1640(10%FBS+)培地を80%、FBSを10%、ジメチルスルフォキシド(DMSO)を10%の組成を有する培地で、濃度を調整した。これをセラムチューブに1mlずつ分注し、−20℃で一夜保存後、翌日より−80℃にて保存した。
Storage of HL-60 cells:
The subcultured HL-60 cells were collected in a 15 ml tube and carefully expanded, and a small amount thereof was collected on a hemocytometer and the number of cells was counted. HL-60 cells collected in a 15 ml tube were centrifuged (1200 rpm, 5 minutes), and then the supernatant was removed. To this, 1 ml of RMPI 1640 (10% FBS +) medium preliminarily kept at 37 ° C. was added, stirred gently, and the concentration of cells in the medium was 2 × 10 6 cells / 1 ml from the value obtained by calculating the previous cell number. The concentration was adjusted with a medium having a composition of 80% RMPI 1640 (10% FBS +), 10% FBS, and 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). 1 ml of this was dispensed into a serum tube, stored overnight at -20 ° C, and then stored at -80 ° C from the next day.
[エムエムティ・アッセイ(MTT assay);HL−60細胞の50%生存率の検定方法]
本法は、文献記載の方法を参考にした(Mosmann、T.:J.Immunol.Methods、65:55−63、1983)。2x106cells/1mlのRMPI1640(10%FBS+)培地で継代したHL−60細胞を、平底の1 plate 96 wellの1 wellあたり2x104cells/100μlのHL−60細胞数になるように培地でRMPI1640(10%FBS+)培地で希釈し、2x104cells/100μlのHL−60細胞を各wellへ分注した。これを5%二酸化炭素含有大気中37℃の条件で、インキュベーターで24時間培養した。
[MMT assay; assay method for 50% viability of HL-60 cells]
This method was based on a method described in the literature (Mosmann, T .: J. Immunol. Methods, 65: 55-63, 1983). HL-60 cells subcultured with 2 × 10 6 cells / 1 ml of RMPI 1640 (10% FBS +) medium were added to the medium so that the number of HL-60 cells was 2 × 10 4 cells / 100 μl per well of 1 plate 96 well of flat bottom. The solution was diluted with RMPI 1640 (10% FBS +) medium, and 2 × 10 4 cells / 100 μl of HL-60 cells were dispensed into each well. This was cultured in an incubator for 24 hours under conditions of 37 ° C. in an atmosphere containing 5% carbon dioxide.
培養後各wellに、各ポリフェノール誘導体の濃度が0、25、50、75、100、125μMの濃度になるように、また、各wellの培地量が全量で30μlとなるように添加した。添加後、プレート毎に規定した時間について、5%二酸化炭素含有大気中37℃の条件下、インキュベーターで培養した。 After culturing, each well was added to each well so that the concentration of each polyphenol derivative was 0, 25, 50, 75, 100, and 125 μM, and the medium amount of each well was 30 μl in total. After the addition, the cells were cultured in an incubator at 37 ° C. in an atmosphere containing 5% carbon dioxide for the time specified for each plate.
培養後、各wellにMTT溶液(3-(4,5−ジメチルチアゾ−2−イル)−2,5−ジフェニル テトラゾリウム ブロミド;3-(4,5−dimethylthiazo−2−yl)−2,5−diphenyl tetrazolium bromide、MTT、の150mgをPBSの30mlに溶解したもの)を10μlずつ分注した。プレート毎に4時間、5%二酸化炭素含有大気中37℃の条件下、インキュベーターで培養した。培養終了後、各wellに0.04N HCl−イソプロパノール(isopropanol)溶液を100μlずつ分注した。室温で10分間放置した後、マイクロプレートリーダーのマルチラベルカウンター(595nm)で吸光度を測定した。細胞生存率(%)として、ポリフェノールを添加していない(コントロール細胞の)吸光度から各ポリフェノールを添加した細胞の吸光度を引いたものを、コントロール細胞の吸光度で割った値に100を乗じて算出した。 After the culture, MTT solution (3- (4,5-dimethylthiazo-2-yl) -2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide; 3- (4,5-dimethylthiazo-2-yl) -2,5-diphenyl was added to each well. (Tetrazolium bromide, MTT, 150 mg dissolved in 30 ml of PBS) was dispensed in 10 μl aliquots. Each plate was cultured for 4 hours in an incubator at 37 ° C. in an atmosphere containing 5% carbon dioxide. After completion of the culture, 100 μl of 0.04N HCl-isopropanol solution was dispensed to each well. After standing at room temperature for 10 minutes, the absorbance was measured with a multi-label counter (595 nm) of a microplate reader. The cell viability (%) was calculated by subtracting the absorbance of cells to which each polyphenol was added from the absorbance to which no polyphenol was added (control cells), and multiplying by 100 by the absorbance of the control cells. .
[HL−60細胞に対するアポトーシスの誘導方法]
HL−60細胞の継代と各ポリフェノール誘導体の添加:
RMPI1640(10%FBS+)培地中のHL−60細胞の濃度が1x106cells/1mlの濃度で継代された培養細胞液1mlとRMPI1640(10%FBS+)培地2mlをシャーレ中で混合し(これを3ml細胞液という)、5%二酸化炭素含有大気中37℃の条件下、インキュベーターで24時間培養した。これに各ポリフェノール誘導体を倍地中の濃度が0、25、50、75、100、125μMとなるように添加し、規定時間について、5%二酸化炭素含有大気中37℃の条件下、インキュベーターで培養した。
[Induction of apoptosis for HL-60 cells]
Passage of HL-60 cells and addition of each polyphenol derivative:
1 ml of the cultured cell solution in which the concentration of HL-60 cells in the RMPI1640 (10% FBS +) medium was subcultured at a concentration of 1 × 10 6 cells / 1 ml and 2 ml of the RMPI1640 (10% FBS +) medium were mixed in a petri dish (this The cells were cultured in an incubator for 24 hours under conditions of 37 ° C. in an atmosphere containing 5% carbon dioxide. To this, each polyphenol derivative was added so that the concentration in the medium would be 0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125 μM, and cultured in an incubator at 37 ° C. in an atmosphere containing 5% carbon dioxide for a specified time. did.
アポトーシス誘導後のHL−60細胞からの核DNAの回収:
各ポリフェノール誘導体で規定時間処理した後、培地から細胞液を15mlチューブに回収した。15mlチューブで回収したHL−60細胞を、遠心分離(2000rpm、8分間)した後、上澄みを除去した。これに、予め氷冷しておいた滅菌PBS溶液1mlを加え、HL−60細胞を懸濁し、1.5mlのエッペンドルフチューブに分注して遠心分離(2000rpm、8分間、4℃)を行った後、上澄みを除去した。各1.5mlのエッペンドルフチューブにライシスバッファー(lysis buffer)を20μl加え、よく混和した。次に、各1.5mlのエッペンドルフチューブにRNA分解酵素(RNase、1mg/ml濃度)を5μl加え、よく混和し、水浴で加温(50℃、30分)した。加温後、各1.5mlのエッペンドルフチューブにプロテイン分解酵素K(proteinkinase K、10mg/ml濃度)を40μl加え、よく混和し、水浴で加温(50℃、3時間)し、冷後、-20℃で保存した。
Recovery of nuclear DNA from HL-60 cells after induction of apoptosis:
After the treatment with each polyphenol derivative for a specified time, the cell solution was collected from the medium into a 15 ml tube. HL-60 cells collected in a 15 ml tube were centrifuged (2000 rpm, 8 minutes), and then the supernatant was removed. To this was added 1 ml of a sterile PBS solution that had been ice-cooled in advance, the HL-60 cells were suspended, dispensed into a 1.5 ml Eppendorf tube, and centrifuged (2000 rpm, 8 minutes, 4 ° C.). Thereafter, the supernatant was removed. 20 μl of lysis buffer was added to each 1.5 ml Eppendorf tube and mixed well. Next, 5 μl of RNase (RNase, 1 mg / ml concentration) was added to each 1.5 ml Eppendorf tube, mixed well, and heated in a water bath (50 ° C., 30 minutes). After heating, add 40 μl of protease K (proteinkinase K, 10 mg / ml concentration) to each 1.5 ml Eppendorf tube, mix well, warm in a water bath (50 ° C., 3 hours), cool, Stored at 20 ° C.
電気泳動法によるHL−60細胞の核DNA断片化の観察法:
HL−60細胞のDNA断片化については文献記載の方法で測定した(Hou、D.X.、et.al.:Int.J.Oncol.、23:2003)。各1.5mlのエッペンドルフチューブに保存したHL−60細胞の処理溶液にローディングバッファーを添加し、よく混和後、遠心分離(10000rpm、1分間)を行い、核DNA以外のたんぱく質を沈殿、除去した。予め電気泳動槽内にタエバッファー(TAE buffer)を満たしたアガロースゲルの各レーンに、遠心分離して除タンパクした核DNAを含む上澄み溶液を分注し、100Vで泳動を開始した。電気泳動後、アガロースゲルを取り出し、シーソー上で揺らしながらエチジウムブロミドで15分間染色する。染色した後、紫外線(UV、UVトランスイルーミネーター)照射により、DNAの断片の様子を観察した。
Method for observing nuclear DNA fragmentation of HL-60 cells by electrophoresis:
The DNA fragmentation of HL-60 cells was measured by a method described in the literature (Hou, DX, et.al .: Int. J. Oncol., 23: 2003). A loading buffer was added to the treatment solution of HL-60 cells stored in each 1.5 ml Eppendorf tube, and after mixing well, centrifugation (10000 rpm, 1 minute) was performed to precipitate and remove proteins other than nuclear DNA. The supernatant solution containing nuclear DNA deproteinized by centrifugation was dispensed to each lane of an agarose gel in which an electrophoresis tank was previously filled with TAE buffer, and electrophoresis was started at 100V. After electrophoresis, the agarose gel is removed and stained with ethidium bromide for 15 minutes while shaking on a seesaw. After staining, the state of DNA fragments was observed by irradiation with ultraviolet rays (UV, UV transilluminator).
[抗酸化剤を用いたHL−60細胞の核DNA断片化の阻害実験]
方法は前記したHL−60細胞に対するアポトーシスの誘導方法と同様である。各ポリフェノール誘導体の添加の1時間前に抗酸化剤を添加し、電気泳動法によるHL−60細胞の核DNA断片化を観察した。添加した酸化剤は、3種類であった。抗酸化剤であるN−アセチル−L−システイン(N−acetyl−L−cystein、NAC)の1M溶液を3ml細胞液に15μl添加した。抗酸化剤であるカタラーゼ(Catalase、CAT)の100U/μl溶液を3ml細胞液に3μl添加した。抗酸化剤であるアスコルビン酸(Ascorbic acid、AA)の40mM溶液を3ml細胞液に4.5μl添加した。
[Inhibition experiment of nuclear DNA fragmentation of HL-60 cells using antioxidants]
The method is the same as the method for inducing apoptosis of HL-60 cells described above. Antioxidants were added 1 hour before the addition of each polyphenol derivative, and nuclear DNA fragmentation of HL-60 cells was observed by electrophoresis. Three kinds of oxidizing agents were added. 15 μl of a 1M solution of an antioxidant, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), was added to 3 ml cell solution. 3 μl of a 100 U / μl solution of catalase (CATalase, CAT), an antioxidant, was added to 3 ml cell solution. 4.5 μl of a 40 mM solution of ascorbic acid (AA), an antioxidant, was added to 3 ml cell solution.
[HL−60細胞が産生する特異タンパク質の検出]
HL−60細胞の継代と各ポリフェノール誘導体の添加:
HL−60細胞が産生する特異タンパク質の検出については文献記載の方法で測定した(Hou、D.X.、et.al.:Int.J.Oncol.、23:2003)。RMPI1640(10%FBS+)培地中のHL−60細胞の濃度が2x106cells/6mlの濃度で継代された培養細胞液6ml(以下、6ml細胞液という)をシャーレに注入し、5%二酸化炭素含有大気中37℃の条件下、インキュベーターで24時間培養した。これに各ポリフェノール誘導体を倍地中の濃度が0、25、50、75、100、125μMとなるように添加し、規定時間について、5%二酸化炭素含有大気中37℃の条件下、インキュベーターで培養した。
[Detection of specific protein produced by HL-60 cells]
Passage of HL-60 cells and addition of each polyphenol derivative:
Detection of a specific protein produced by HL-60 cells was measured by a method described in the literature (Hou, DX, et.al .: Int. J. Oncol., 23: 2003). 6 ml of cultured cell solution (hereinafter referred to as 6 ml cell solution) in which the concentration of HL-60 cells in RMPI1640 (10% FBS +) medium was subcultured at a concentration of 2 × 10 6 cells / 6 ml was injected into the petri dish, and 5% carbon dioxide. The cells were cultured for 24 hours in an incubator under conditions of 37 ° C. in the atmosphere. To this, each polyphenol derivative was added so that the concentration in the medium would be 0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125 μM, and cultured in an incubator at 37 ° C. in an atmosphere containing 5% carbon dioxide for a specified time. did.
HL−60細胞由来のタンパク質の回収:
各ポリフェノール誘導体で規定時間処理した後、培地から細胞液を50mlチューブに回収した。50mlチューブで回収したHL−60細胞を、遠心分離(2000rpm、8分間)した後、上澄みを除去した。これに、予め氷冷しておいた滅菌PBS溶液1mlを加え、HL−60細胞を懸濁し、1.5mlのエッペンドルフチューブに分注して遠心分離(2000rpm、5分間、4℃)を行った後、上澄みを除去した。これに懸濁バッファー溶液(suspension buffer)を80μl加え、超音波洗浄装置にてよく懸濁した。これにSDS溶液(50%SDSを0.3ml、200μM DTTを120μl、蒸留水を180μl混合した溶液)を80μl加え、よく攪拌し、1.5mlのエッペンドルフチューブの蓋をよく閉めたまま、加熱(100℃、5分間)した。冷後、1.5mlのエッペンドルフチューブごと−80℃で保存した。
Recovery of protein from HL-60 cells:
After treatment with each polyphenol derivative for a specified time, the cell solution was collected from the culture medium in a 50 ml tube. HL-60 cells collected in a 50 ml tube were centrifuged (2000 rpm, 8 minutes), and then the supernatant was removed. To this was added 1 ml of a sterile PBS solution that had been ice-cooled in advance, the HL-60 cells were suspended, dispensed into a 1.5 ml Eppendorf tube, and centrifuged (2000 rpm, 5 minutes, 4 ° C.). Thereafter, the supernatant was removed. To this, 80 μl of a suspension buffer solution (suspension buffer) was added and well suspended in an ultrasonic washing apparatus. Add 80 μl of SDS solution (mixed with 0.3 ml of 50% SDS, 120 μl of 200 μM DTT and 180 μl of distilled water), stir well, and heat (with the lid of the 1.5 ml Eppendorf tube well closed) (100 ° C., 5 minutes). After cooling, the entire 1.5 ml Eppendorf tube was stored at -80 ° C.
ウェスタンブロッティング:
予め電気泳動槽内にランニングバッファー(running buffer)を満たしたランニングゲル(running gel)の各レーンに、1.5mlのエッペンドルフチューブごと−80℃で保存し、解凍した溶液を分注し、100V(10〜20mA)で泳動を開始した。電気泳動後、ランニングゲルを取り出し、目的としたタンパク質が泳動されたランニングゲルをカッターで切り出した。トランスファー装置にろ紙を3枚重ね、この上に切り出したランニングゲルを静置し、さらにこの上に、メンブラン、ろ紙を3枚重ね、蓋をした後、電流を流した(メンブラン面積x2mAの電流で2時間)。トランスファーの終了後、シーソー上で軽く揺らしながらメンブランをTBS(25ml)に5分間浸漬し、次に、固定バッファー溶液(blocking buffer)の30mlに浸漬し(2時間)、タンパク質を固定化する。予め一次抗体を添加した一次抗体希釈バッファー溶液(primary antibody dilution buffer)の10mlにタンパク質を固定化したメンブランをシーソー上で軽く揺らしながら12時間以上反応した。反応後、TBS−T(30ml)でメンブランを洗浄し(5分間、3回)、予め2次抗体を添加した固定バッファー溶液(blocking buffer)の30mlに浸漬し(1時間)、2次抗体と反応した。反応後、TBS−T(30ml)でメンブランを洗浄し(5分間、3回)、自動化学発光検出装置でオートモニタリングを行い、メンブラン上のタンパク質を検出した。
Western blotting:
Store the 1.5 ml Eppendorf tube at −80 ° C. in each lane of a running gel previously filled with a running buffer in an electrophoresis tank, dispense the thawed solution, and add 100V ( The electrophoresis was started at 10-20 mA). After electrophoresis, the running gel was taken out, and the running gel on which the target protein was migrated was cut out with a cutter. Three pieces of filter paper are stacked on the transfer device, and the running gel cut out on this is left to stand. Further, three membranes and filter paper are stacked on the transfer device, and after covering, a current is passed (at a current of membrane area x 2 mA). 2 hours). After completion of the transfer, the membrane is immersed in TBS (25 ml) for 5 minutes while gently shaking on a seesaw, and then immersed in 30 ml of a blocking buffer (2 hours) to immobilize the protein. The reaction was performed for 12 hours or more while lightly shaking the membrane on which the protein was immobilized in 10 ml of a primary antibody dilution buffer solution (primary antibody dilution buffer) to which a primary antibody had been added in advance. After the reaction, the membrane was washed with TBS-T (30 ml) (5 minutes, 3 times), and immersed in 30 ml of a blocking buffer solution added with a secondary antibody in advance (1 hour). Reacted. After the reaction, the membrane was washed with TBS-T (30 ml) (5 minutes, 3 times), and auto-monitoring was performed with an automatic chemiluminescence detector to detect proteins on the membrane.
[抗酸化剤を用いたHL−60細胞の産生する特異タンパク質の活性阻害実験]
方法は前記したHL−60細胞が産生する特異タンパク質の検出と同様である。また、方法は、文献記載の方法で測定した(Hou、D.X.、et.al.:Int.J.Oncol.、23:2003)。各ポリフェノール誘導体の添加の1時間前に抗酸化剤を添加し、HL−60細胞が産生する特異タンパク質の活性阻害をウェスタンブロッティングにより観察した。添加した酸化剤は、3種類であった。抗酸化剤であるN−アセチル−L−システイン(N−acetyl−L−cystein、NAC)の1M溶液を6ml細胞液に30μl添加した。抗酸化剤であるカタラーゼ(Catalase、CAT)の100U/μl溶液を6ml細胞液に6μl添加した。抗酸化剤であるアスコルビン酸(Ascorbic acid、AA)の40mM溶液を6ml細胞液に9μl添加した。
[Experiment for Inhibiting Specific Protein Activity Produced by HL-60 Cells Using Antioxidants]
The method is the same as the detection of the specific protein produced by HL-60 cells described above. Moreover, the method was measured by the method of literature description (Hou, DX, et.al.:Int.J.Oncol., 23: 2003). Antioxidants were added 1 hour before the addition of each polyphenol derivative, and inhibition of the activity of specific proteins produced by HL-60 cells was observed by Western blotting. Three kinds of oxidizing agents were added. 30 μl of a 1 M solution of an antioxidant, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), was added to 6 ml cell solution. 6 μl of a 100 U / μl solution of catalase (CATalase, CAT), an antioxidant, was added to 6 ml cell solution. 9 μl of a 40 mM solution of ascorbic acid (AA), an antioxidant, was added to a 6 ml cell solution.
[HL−60細胞内の過酸化水素発生によるアポトーシスの発現実験]
2x106cells/1mlのRMPI1640(10%FBS+)培地で継代したHL−60細胞を、平底の1 plate 48 wellの1 wellあたり2x105cells/400μlのHL−60細胞数になるように培地でRMPI1640(10%FBS+)培地で希釈し、2x105cells/400μlのHL−60細胞を各wellへ分注した。これを5%二酸化炭素含有大気中37℃の条件で、インキュベーターで24時間培養した。
[Experimental expression of apoptosis by hydrogen peroxide generation in HL-60 cells]
HL-60 cells subcultured with 2 × 10 6 cells / 1 ml of RMPI 1640 (10% FBS +) medium were added to the medium so that the number of HL-60 cells was 2 × 10 5 cells / 400 μl per well of 1 plate 48 well of flat bottom. The solution was diluted with RMPI1640 (10% FBS +) medium, and 2 × 10 5 cells / 400 μl of HL-60 cells were dispensed into each well. This was cultured in an incubator for 24 hours under conditions of 37 ° C. in an atmosphere containing 5% carbon dioxide.
培養後各wellに、各ポリフェノール誘導体の濃度が0、25、50、75、100、125μMの濃度になるように、また、各wellの培地量が全量で30μlとなるように添加した。添加後、プレート毎に規定した時間について、5%二酸化炭素含有大気中37℃の条件下、インキュベーターで15分培養した。 After culturing, each well was added to each well so that the concentration of each polyphenol derivative was 0, 25, 50, 75, 100, and 125 μM, and the medium amount of each well was 30 μl in total. After the addition, the cells were cultured for 15 minutes in an incubator at 37 ° C. in an atmosphere containing 5% carbon dioxide for the time specified for each plate.
培養後、各wellにDCFA−DA溶液(ジクロロフルオレシン−ジアセテート;dichlorofluorecin−diacetate、の1mgをエタノールの413μlに溶解したもの)を1.6μlずつ分注した。プレート毎に30分間、5%二酸化炭素含有大気中37℃の条件下、インキュベーターで培養した。培養終了後、マイクロプレートリーダーで蛍光を測定した(励起波長:485nm、エミッション波長:530nm)。ポリフェノールを添加することによってHL−60細胞で発生する活性酸素量は次のようにして算出した。ポリフェノールを添加した、DCFA−DA溶液を加えたものと加えなかったものの蛍光を引いた値を分子として、ポリフェノールを添加しなかった細胞で、DCFA−DA溶液を加えたものと加えなかったものの蛍光を引いた値を分母として、これらの数値で計算した値を、活性酸素量として算出した。 After culturing, 1.6 μl of DCFA-DA solution (dichlorofluorescein-diacetate; 1 mg of dichlorofluorecin-diacetate) dissolved in 413 μl of ethanol was dispensed into each well. Each plate was cultured in an incubator for 30 minutes in an atmosphere containing 5% carbon dioxide at 37 ° C. After completion of the culture, fluorescence was measured with a microplate reader (excitation wavelength: 485 nm, emission wavelength: 530 nm). The amount of active oxygen generated in HL-60 cells by adding polyphenol was calculated as follows. Fluorescence of polyphenol-added and non-added DCFA-DA solutions, and cells with and without DCFA-DA solution, with the value obtained by subtracting the fluorescence of those with and without DCFA-DA solution as molecules. The value calculated by these values was calculated as the amount of active oxygen using the value obtained by subtracting as the denominator.
ポリフェノール誘導体のHL−60細胞のDNA断片化について検討した(Hou、D.X.、et.al.:Int.J.Oncol.、23:2003)。各ポリフェノール誘導体(1)〜(26)を100μM濃度用いて、HL−60細胞を6時間処理し、細胞核からDNAを抽出した。得られたDNAについてアガロースゲル電気泳動を行い、その結果を図1〜図3に示した。 The DNA fragmentation of polyphenol derivatives in HL-60 cells was examined (Hou, DX, et.al .: Int. J. Oncol., 23: 2003). HL-60 cells were treated with 100 μM concentration of each of the polyphenol derivatives (1) to (26) for 6 hours, and DNA was extracted from the cell nucleus. The obtained DNA was subjected to agarose gel electrophoresis, and the results are shown in FIGS.
化合物11であるプロシアニジンB−4を除く、全てのポリフェノール誘導体によってHL−60細胞のDNAが断片化されたことがわかる。図中Mと記載してあるものはDNAマーカーを示す。図中Cと記載してあるものはコントロールを示す。図1中、ecgは(−)−エピカテキン3−ガレート、ecは(−)−エピカテキン、caは(+)−カテキン、mgは(−)−エピカテキン3−メチルガレートを示し、いずれも茶葉より単離されたものである。図2中、pQと記載されてあるものは3−O−p−クマロイルキナ酸、cafと記載されてあるものはカフェインで、いずれも茶葉より単離されたものである。図3中、triGと記載されてあるものは、1,4,6−トリ−O−ガロイル−β−D−グルコースであり、茶葉より単離されたものである。 It can be seen that the DNA of HL-60 cells was fragmented by all polyphenol derivatives except for compound 11, procyanidin B-4. What is described as M in the figure indicates a DNA marker. What is described as C in the figure indicates a control. In FIG. 1, ecg represents (−)-epicatechin 3-gallate, ec represents (−)-epicatechin, ca represents (+)-catechin, mg represents (−)-epicatechin 3-methylgallate, It is isolated from tea leaves. In FIG. 2, what is described as pQ is 3-Op-coumaroylquinic acid, and what is described as caf is caffeine, both of which are isolated from tea leaves. In FIG. 3, what is described as triG is 1,4,6-tri-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose, which is isolated from tea leaves.
プロアントシアニジン誘導体(6)〜(10)(4β−8結合のプロアントシアニジン類)(表2)を、25、50、75、100、125μMの濃度でMTT assayを行い、HL−60細胞に対する細胞増殖の抑制効果を調べた。その結果を表7に示した。表中のIC50は、HL−60細胞生存率に対する50%抑制濃度を示す。 MTT assay of proanthocyanidin derivatives (6) to (10) (4β-8-linked proanthocyanidins) (Table 2) at concentrations of 25, 50, 75, 100, and 125 μM and cell growth on HL-60 cells The inhibitory effect of was investigated. The results are shown in Table 7. IC 50 in the table indicates the 50% inhibitory concentration for HL-60 cell viability.
表7から、化合物9の(−)−エピガロカテキン (4β−8) (−)−エピカテキン−3−O−ガレートが最も低いIC50の値を与え、したがって、最も強いHL−60細胞増殖抑制効果を有した。他のプロアントシアニジン誘導体(6)〜(8)、(10)も強い抑制効果を示すことがわかる。
From Table 7, it can be seen that (−)-epigallocatechin (4β-8) (−)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate of
プロアントシアニジン誘導体(11)〜(15)(4α−8結合のプロアントシアニジン類)(表3)を、25、50、75、100、125μMの濃度でMTT assayを行い、HL−60細胞に対する細胞増殖の抑制効果を調べた。その結果を表8に示した。表中のIC50は、HL−60細胞生存率に対する50%抑制濃度を示す。 MTT assay of proanthocyanidin derivatives (11) to (15) (4α-8-linked proanthocyanidins) (Table 3) at concentrations of 25, 50, 75, 100, and 125 μM, and cell proliferation on HL-60 cells The inhibitory effect of was investigated. The results are shown in Table 8. IC 50 in the table indicates the 50% inhibitory concentration for HL-60 cell viability.
表8から、化合物14のプロデルフィニジンB−4が最も低いIC50の値を与え、したがって、最も強いHL−60細胞増殖抑制効果を有した。プロシアニジンB−4(11)はHL−60細胞に対する細胞増殖の抑制効果を示さない。他のプロアントシアニジン誘導体(12)、(13)、(15)も強い抑制効果を示すことがわかる。
From Table 8,
表7と表8の結果から、プロアントシアニジン二量体の化学構造について、上部ユニットが2R、3S構造を有するものが、より強いHL−60細胞増殖の抑制効果を示した。また、上部ユニットのB環はピロガロールタイプであり、下部ユニットのB環はカテコールタイの化学構造を有するものが、より強いHL−60細胞増殖の抑制効果を示した。一方、上部と下部が同一ユニットであるプロアントシアニジンでは、ガロイル基の結合する数が増加するとHL−60細胞増殖の抑制効果が減少することがわかる。 From the results of Tables 7 and 8, regarding the chemical structure of the proanthocyanidin dimer, the upper unit having a 2R, 3S structure showed a stronger inhibitory effect on HL-60 cell proliferation. In addition, the ring B of the upper unit is a pyrogallol type, and the ring B of the lower unit having a chemical structure of catechol tie showed a stronger inhibitory effect on HL-60 cell proliferation. On the other hand, in the case of proanthocyanidins in which the upper and lower parts are the same unit, it can be seen that the inhibitory effect on the growth of HL-60 cells decreases as the number of galloyl group binding increases.
プロアントシアニジン誘導体のHL−60細胞のDNA断片化について検討した(Hou、D.X.、et.al.:Int.J.Oncol.、23:2003)。各プロアントシアニジン誘導体(6)〜(15)を75μM濃度用いて、HL−60細胞を6時間処理し、細胞核からDNAを抽出した。得られたDNAについてアガロースゲル電気泳動を行い、その結果を図4に示した。 The DNA fragmentation of proanthocyanidin derivatives in HL-60 cells was examined (Hou, DX, et.al .: Int. J. Oncol., 23: 2003). HL-60 cells were treated with 75 μM of each proanthocyanidin derivative (6) to (15) for 6 hours, and DNA was extracted from the cell nucleus. The obtained DNA was subjected to agarose gel electrophoresis, and the results are shown in FIG.
化合物11であるプロシアニジンB−4を除く、全てのプロアントシアニジン誘導体によってHL−60細胞のDNAが断片化されたことがわかる。中でも、化合物6のプロデルフィニジンB−2と化合物7のプロデルフィニジンB−2 3−O−ガレートは、特に強くHL−60細胞のDNAを断片化した。
It can be seen that the DNA of HL-60 cells was fragmented by all proanthocyanidin derivatives except for compound 11, procyanidin B-4. Among them, prodelphinidin B-2 of
プロデルフィニジンB−2(6)によるHL−60細胞のDNA断片化について、アポトーシスを誘導する最適時間と最適濃度を詳しく調べた。プロデルフィニジンB−2(6)を75μMで固定し、HL−60細胞を0、2、4、6、12、18時間処理し、細胞核からDNAを抽出した。一方、プロデルフィニジンB−2(6)を0、25、50、75、100、125μMの濃度でHL−60細胞を6時間処理し、細胞核からDNAを抽出した。各々得られた核由来のDNAについて、アガロースゲル電気泳動を行い、その結果を図5に示した。プロデルフィニジンB−2(6)は、図5の(1)に示すようにHL−60細胞のDNAを4時間以降に断片化を誘導し、その誘導は6時間で最大となった。図5の(2)に示すように濃度が上昇するに伴いDNAを強く断片化し、75μM以上からその誘導は最大となった。この結果から、プロデルフィニジンB−2(6)のアポトーシス誘導能は、図5の時間(1)と濃度(2)に依存した。図中Mと記載してあるものはDNAマーカーを示す。 With respect to DNA fragmentation of HL-60 cells by prodelphinidin B-2 (6), the optimal time and optimal concentration for inducing apoptosis were examined in detail. Prodelphinidin B-2 (6) was fixed at 75 μM, HL-60 cells were treated for 0, 2, 4, 6, 12, 18 hours, and DNA was extracted from the cell nucleus. On the other hand, HL-60 cells were treated with prodelphinidin B-2 (6) at concentrations of 0, 25, 50, 75, 100, and 125 μM for 6 hours, and DNA was extracted from the cell nucleus. Each obtained nuclear DNA was subjected to agarose gel electrophoresis, and the results are shown in FIG. Prodelphinidin B-2 (6) induced fragmentation of the DNA of HL-60 cells after 4 hours as shown in (1) of FIG. 5, and the induction reached its maximum after 6 hours. As shown in (2) of FIG. 5, the DNA was strongly fragmented as the concentration increased, and the induction was the maximum from 75 μM or more. From these results, the ability of prodelphinidin B-2 (6) to induce apoptosis depended on time (1) and concentration (2) in FIG. What is described as M in the figure indicates a DNA marker.
プロデルフィニジンB−2(6)によるHL−60細胞のカスパーゼ3、ポリADP−リボース ポリメラーゼ(PARP、poly(ADP−ribose)polymerase)、カスパーゼ9、カスパーゼ8の活性について調べた。方法は、文献記載の方法で測定した(Hou、D.X.、et.al.:Int.J.Oncol.、23:2003)。その結果を図6に示す。図6の(1)に示すように、プロデルフィニジンB−2(6)により4時間後、カスパーゼ3が切断され、活性化された。また、図6の(2)および(3)に示すように、PARPおよびカスパーゼ9も同様に4時間後切断され、活性化された。図6の(4)に示すように、カスパーゼ9は2時間後に切断が起こり、活性化された。この結果、プロデルフィニジンB−2(6)は、カスパーゼ8を活性化し、続いてカスパーゼ3を活性化する。また、ミトコンドリアを経由してカスパーゼ9を刺激し、同様にカスパーゼ3を活性化し、DNAが断片化されてアポトーシスを発現することがわかる。
The activity of caspase 3 in HL-60 cells, poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase),
プロデルフィニジンB−2(6)がHL−60細胞内の過酸化水素を発生するかどうかについて、DCFH−DAを用いて調べた。その結果を図4に示した。図7の(1)に示すように、プロデルフィニジンB−2(6)の添加濃度が上がるにつれて、細胞内の相対活性酸素量も増加した。また、図7の2に示すように、プロデルフィニジンB−2(6)の濃度を75μMに固定して経時的変化を観察したところ、細胞内の相対活性酸素量は15分の誘導時間で約11倍量となることがわかる。 Whether prodelphinidin B-2 (6) generates hydrogen peroxide in HL-60 cells was examined using DCFH-DA. The results are shown in FIG. As shown in (1) of FIG. 7, the amount of relative active oxygen in the cell increased as the concentration of prodelphinidin B-2 (6) increased. Further, as shown in FIG. 7-2, when the concentration of prodelphinidin B-2 (6) was fixed at 75 μM and the change with time was observed, the intracellular relative active oxygen amount was about 15 minutes after the induction time of 15 minutes. It turns out that it becomes 11 times amount.
プロデルフィニジンB−2(6)によるHL−60細胞のDNA断片化が活性酸素を介して発現するかどうかを確かめるため、N−アセチルシステイン(NAC)、カタラーゼ、およびアスコルビン酸の三つの抗酸化剤を用いて調べた。NACとカタラーゼは、プロデルフィニジンB−2(6)処理の1時間前に培地に添加した。その結果を図8に示す。NAC処理区とカタラーゼ処理区では、プロデルフィニジンB−2によるHL−60細胞のDNA断片化は認められなかった。また、アスコルビン酸処理区では、DNA断片化が認められた。この結果、NACとカタラーゼの抗酸化剤がプロデルフィニジンB−2によるDNA断片化を抑制したことが分かり、結果として、プロデルフィニジンB−2(6)が活性酸素を介してカスパーゼ8を活性化し、HL−60細胞のDNAを断片化したことがわかる。
To determine whether DNA fragmentation of HL-60 cells by prodelphinidin B-2 (6) is expressed via active oxygen, three antioxidants, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), catalase, and ascorbic acid It investigated using. NAC and catalase were added to the medium 1 hour before treatment with prodelphinidin B-2 (6). The result is shown in FIG. In the NAC treatment group and the catalase treatment group, DNA fragmentation of HL-60 cells by prodelphinidin B-2 was not observed. Further, DNA fragmentation was observed in the ascorbic acid-treated section. As a result, it was found that the antioxidants of NAC and catalase suppressed DNA fragmentation by prodelphinidin B-2. As a result, prodelphinidin B-2 (6) activated
N−アセチルシステイン(NAC)、カタラーゼ、およびアスコルビン酸の三つの抗酸化剤が、プロデルフィニジンB−2(6)のHL−60細胞内の過酸化水素の発生を阻害するかどうかについて、DCFH−DAを用いて調べた。その結果を図9に示した。NAC処理区とカタラーゼ処理区では、プロデルフィニジンB−2によるHL−60細胞内の過酸化水素の発生を阻害した。また、アスコルビン酸処理区でも、プロデルフィニジンB−2によるHL−60細胞内の過酸化水素の発生を阻害した。この結果、プロデルフィニジンB−2(6)がHL−60細胞内の活性酸素を産生することがわかる。 Regarding whether three antioxidants of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), catalase, and ascorbic acid inhibit the generation of hydrogen peroxide in HL-60 cells of prodelphinidin B-2 (6), DCFH − Investigated using DA. The results are shown in FIG. In the NAC treatment group and the catalase treatment group, generation of hydrogen peroxide in HL-60 cells by prodelphinidin B-2 was inhibited. Moreover, also in the ascorbic acid treatment group, generation | occurrence | production of the hydrogen peroxide in HL-60 cell by prodelphinidin B-2 was inhibited. As a result, it can be seen that prodelphinidin B-2 (6) produces active oxygen in HL-60 cells.
テアシネンシン誘導体(20)〜(24)(表6)とエピガロカテキン3−O−ガレート(2)を、25、50、100、200μMの濃度でMTT assayを行い、LoVo細胞に対する細胞増殖の抑制効果を調べた。その結果を図10に示した。テアシネンシンE(24)を除く全てのテアシネンシン類にLoVo細胞の増殖を抑制する効果があることがわかる。この結果より、IC50を算出した。その結果を表9に示す。表中のIC50は、LoVo細胞生存率に対する50%抑制濃度を示す。 The effect of inhibiting cell proliferation on LoVo cells by performing MTT assay with theacinensin derivatives (20) to (24) (Table 6) and epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate (2) at concentrations of 25, 50, 100 and 200 μM I investigated. The results are shown in FIG. It can be seen that all theasinensins except theacinensin E (24) have an effect of suppressing the growth of LoVo cells. From this result, IC 50 was calculated. The results are shown in Table 9. IC 50 in the table indicates a 50% inhibitory concentration for LoVo cell viability.
表8から、化合物20のテアシネンシンAが最も低いIC50の値を与えた。したがって、最も強いLoVo細胞増殖抑制効果を有した。フラバン骨格の3位にガロイル基の結合する数が増すにつれて活性がつよくなることがわかる。
From Table 8, theasinensin A of
テアシネンシンA(20)によるLoVo細胞のDNA断片化について、アポトーシスを誘導する最適濃度を詳しく調べた。テアシネンシンA(20)を0、25、50、100μMの濃度でLoVo細胞を48時間処理し、細胞核からDNAを抽出した。各々得られた核由来のDNAについて、アガロースゲル電気泳動を行い、その結果を図11に示した。図11に示すように、濃度が上昇するに伴いLoVo細胞のDNAを強く断片化することがわかる。図中Mと記載してあるものはDNAマーカーを示す。図中Cと記載してあるものはコントロールを示す。 Regarding the DNA fragmentation of LoVo cells by theacinensin A (20), the optimal concentration for inducing apoptosis was examined in detail. LoVo cells were treated with theasinensin A (20) at concentrations of 0, 25, 50, and 100 μM for 48 hours, and DNA was extracted from the cell nuclei. Each obtained nuclear DNA was subjected to agarose gel electrophoresis, and the results are shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 11, it can be seen that the DNA of LoVo cells is strongly fragmented as the concentration increases. What is described as M in the figure indicates a DNA marker. What is described as C in the figure indicates a control.
テアシネンシンA(20)によるLoVo細胞のポリADP−リボース ポリメラーゼ(PARP、poly(ADP−ribose)polymerase)の活性について調べた。方法は、文献記載の方法で測定した(Hou、D.X.、et.al.:Int.J.Oncol.、23:2003)。その結果を図12に示す。図12に示すように、PARPは48時間後切断され、活性化された。また、テアシネンシンA(20)の濃度が上昇すると強くPARPを活性化することがわかる。 The activity of polyADP-ribose polymerase (PARP, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase) in LoVo cells by theacinensin A (20) was examined. The method was measured by the method described in the literature (Hou, DX, et.al .: Int. J. Oncol., 23: 2003). The result is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 12, PARP was cleaved after 48 hours and activated. It can also be seen that PARP is strongly activated when the concentration of theacinensin A (20) increases.
[ウーロンホモビスフラバンA(16)およびモノデスガロイルウーロンホモビスフラバンA(17)の合成]
5gの(−)−エピガロカテキン−3−O−ガレート(2)を40mlのエタノールに溶解する。これに、1規定塩酸−エタノール溶液を加える。これを室温下攪拌しながら、4%ホルマリン−エタノール溶液70mlを約1時間かけて滴下する。反応液は直接、デキストランゲル(セファデックスLH−20)のカラムクロマトグラフィーに付し、分画した。各分画はさらにポリスチレンゲル(MCI gel CHP−20P)、オーディーエス(ODS)のカラムクロマトを繰り返し行い、344mgの化合物(16)と188mgの化合物(17)とを合成した。
[Synthesis of oolong homobisflavan A (16) and monodesgaloyl oolong homobisflavan A (17)]
5 g of (−)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (2) is dissolved in 40 ml of ethanol. To this, 1N hydrochloric acid-ethanol solution is added. While stirring this at room temperature, 70 ml of 4% formalin-ethanol solution is added dropwise over about 1 hour. The reaction mixture was directly subjected to dextran gel (Sephadex LH-20) column chromatography and fractionated. Each fraction was further subjected to polystyrene chromatography (MCI gel CHP-20P) and ODDS (ODS) column chromatography to synthesize 344 mg of compound (16) and 188 mg of compound (17).
[テアシネンシンA(20)とテアシネンシンD(23)の合成]
10gの(−)−エピガロカテキン−3−O−ガレート(2)を500mlの蒸留水に溶解する。予め、フェリシアン化カリウム(K3Fe(CN)6)(6g)と炭酸水素ナトリウム(6g)を100mlの蒸留水に溶解した溶液を、氷冷下攪拌しながら1時間かけて滴下した。反応液は直接、ポリスチレンゲル(MCI gel CHP−20P)に付し、分画した。各分画はさらにデキストランゲル(セファデックスLH−20)、オーディーエス(ODS)のカラムクロマトを繰り返し行い、392mgの化合物(20)と89mgの化合物(23)とを合成した。
[Synthesis of Theasinensin A (20) and Theasinensin D (23)]
10 g of (−)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (2) is dissolved in 500 ml of distilled water. A solution prepared by previously dissolving potassium ferricyanide (K 3 Fe (CN) 6 ) (6 g) and sodium hydrogen carbonate (6 g) in 100 ml of distilled water was added dropwise over 1 hour with stirring under ice cooling. The reaction solution was directly applied to polystyrene gel (MCI gel CHP-20P) and fractionated. Each fraction was further subjected to column chromatography of dextran gel (Sephadex LH-20) and ODS (ODS) to synthesize 392 mg of compound (20) and 89 mg of compound (23).
Claims (9)
Induction of apoptosis according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a polyphenol derivative is synthesized, which is for human acute promyelocytic leukemia disease cells (HL-60 cells) and human colon cancer cells (LoVo cells). Agent.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006049258A1 (en) * | 2004-11-04 | 2006-05-11 | University Of Tsukuba | Polymeric polyphenol extracted from fermented tea, therapeutic agent for mitochondrial disease, preventive/therapeutic agent for diabetes mellitus, and food or beverage |
| JP2006327968A (en) * | 2005-05-25 | 2006-12-07 | Hayashikane Sangyo Kk | Apoptosis inducer |
| JP2006342103A (en) * | 2005-06-09 | 2006-12-21 | National Cancer Center-Japan | Carcinogenic inhibitor containing oolong tea leaf extract OTAC as an active ingredient |
| JP2007119412A (en) * | 2005-10-28 | 2007-05-17 | Kagoshima Univ | Anti-inflammatory agent or food and drink having anti-inflammatory effect |
| JP2010138103A (en) * | 2008-12-11 | 2010-06-24 | Mitsui Norin Co Ltd | Method for producing theasinensin |
| EP2263668A4 (en) * | 2008-03-06 | 2012-05-09 | Li Zhang | USE OF TEA POLYPHENOLS IN THE PREPARATION OF MEDICAMENTS FOR THE PREVENTION OR TREATMENT OF TUMORS |
| JP2018027935A (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2018-02-22 | 国立大学法人九州大学 | 67kDa laminin receptor agonist and use thereof |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004359576A (en) * | 2003-06-03 | 2004-12-24 | Fumio Hashimoto | Apoptosis-inducing agent |
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- 2003-09-02 JP JP2003309580A patent/JP2005075790A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004359576A (en) * | 2003-06-03 | 2004-12-24 | Fumio Hashimoto | Apoptosis-inducing agent |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006049258A1 (en) * | 2004-11-04 | 2006-05-11 | University Of Tsukuba | Polymeric polyphenol extracted from fermented tea, therapeutic agent for mitochondrial disease, preventive/therapeutic agent for diabetes mellitus, and food or beverage |
| GB2435166A (en) * | 2004-11-04 | 2007-08-15 | Univ Tsukuba | Polymeric polphenol extracted for fermented tea,therapeutic agent for mitochondrial disease,preventive/therapeutic agent for diabetes mellitus,and food or bev |
| GB2435166B (en) * | 2004-11-04 | 2009-07-08 | Univ Tsukuba | High molecular weight polphenols extracted from fermented tea and a method of manufacturing a medicament for the prevention and treatment of diabetes |
| JP2006327968A (en) * | 2005-05-25 | 2006-12-07 | Hayashikane Sangyo Kk | Apoptosis inducer |
| JP2006342103A (en) * | 2005-06-09 | 2006-12-21 | National Cancer Center-Japan | Carcinogenic inhibitor containing oolong tea leaf extract OTAC as an active ingredient |
| JP2007119412A (en) * | 2005-10-28 | 2007-05-17 | Kagoshima Univ | Anti-inflammatory agent or food and drink having anti-inflammatory effect |
| EP2263668A4 (en) * | 2008-03-06 | 2012-05-09 | Li Zhang | USE OF TEA POLYPHENOLS IN THE PREPARATION OF MEDICAMENTS FOR THE PREVENTION OR TREATMENT OF TUMORS |
| JP2010138103A (en) * | 2008-12-11 | 2010-06-24 | Mitsui Norin Co Ltd | Method for producing theasinensin |
| JP2018027935A (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2018-02-22 | 国立大学法人九州大学 | 67kDa laminin receptor agonist and use thereof |
| WO2019026302A1 (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2019-02-07 | 国立大学法人九州大学 | Agonist of 67 kda laminin receptor and utilization thereof |
| JP7061303B2 (en) | 2016-08-10 | 2022-04-28 | 国立大学法人九州大学 | 67 kDa laminin receptor activator and its use |
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