JP2005072069A - Semiconductor heat dissipation board - Google Patents
Semiconductor heat dissipation board Download PDFInfo
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- JP2005072069A JP2005072069A JP2003209152A JP2003209152A JP2005072069A JP 2005072069 A JP2005072069 A JP 2005072069A JP 2003209152 A JP2003209152 A JP 2003209152A JP 2003209152 A JP2003209152 A JP 2003209152A JP 2005072069 A JP2005072069 A JP 2005072069A
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- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical group [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910001080 W alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- SBYXRAKIOMOBFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tungsten Chemical compound [Cu].[W] SBYXRAKIOMOBFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 3
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 2
- YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cu] YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 etc.) Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 229910000833 kovar Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003017 phosphorus Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001096 P alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RAOSIAYCXKBGFE-UHFFFAOYSA-K [Cu+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O Chemical compound [Cu+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RAOSIAYCXKBGFE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- JBANGPOAHVOUIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [W].[P].[Ni].[Cu] Chemical compound [W].[P].[Ni].[Cu] JBANGPOAHVOUIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002380 dibutyl phthalate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003657 tungsten Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【課題】半導体搭載用基板に使用される放熱基板に関するもので、比較的低い燒結温度で高密度を得ることができ、しかも必要な熱膨張係数と熱伝導度を備え、製法が比較的簡単な放熱基板材料を提供すること。
【解決手段】材質が、重量比でニッケルを2〜10%、銅を1〜5%、燐をニッケルと銅を合わせた重量に対し0.5〜10%含有し、残部がタングステンである半導体用放熱基板。ニッケルの一部をコバルト及び/又は鉄した合金でもよい。この半導体用放熱基板は、金属粉末射出成形法により製造するのが好ましい。
【選択図】 図1The present invention relates to a heat dissipation substrate used for a semiconductor mounting substrate, which can obtain a high density at a relatively low sintering temperature, has a necessary thermal expansion coefficient and thermal conductivity, and is relatively easy to manufacture. Providing heat dissipation board material.
A semiconductor in which nickel is contained in a weight ratio of 2 to 10%, copper is 1 to 5%, phosphorus is 0.5 to 10% based on the combined weight of nickel and copper, and the balance is tungsten. Heat dissipation board. An alloy in which a part of nickel is cobalt and / or iron may be used. This semiconductor heat dissipation substrate is preferably manufactured by a metal powder injection molding method.
[Selection] Figure 1
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、半導体搭載用基板に使用される放熱基板に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
半導体用放熱基板としては、熱伝導度が高い材料であって、しかも半導体基板に貼り合わせたときに変形等が生じないように、熱膨張係数が半導体基板と同程度(低熱膨張係数)である必要がある。従来、半導体用放熱基板として使用されてきたのは、主として銅タングステン合金(Cu−W)である。銅タングステン合金は、タングステンと銅の配合比率によって、熱伝導度と熱膨張係数をある程度調整することができる。
【0003】
銅タングステン合金は、粉末冶金技術によって製造されるもので、その製法には、タングステン粉末と銅粉末を混合して成形し燒結する粉末混合法と、あらかじめ多孔質のタングステンスケルトンを製作して、これに溶融銅を含浸させる溶浸法がある。この銅タングステン合金の製法については、例えば特許文献1、特許文献2等に開示されている。
【0004】
【特許文献1】
特開平8−199280号公報
【0005】
【特許文献2】
特開平10−280064号公報
【0006】
銅タングステン合金は、熱特性にすぐれているが、燒結時に生じる液相がほとんど銅で構成されているため、粘度が低く、表面に滲み出という問題がある。このため、燒結後にかなりの手間をかけて仕上げ加工を施す必要がある。
【0007】
他の低熱膨張材料としては、コバールがある。コバールの熱膨張係数は5.3x10−6/Kと低く、ファインブランキング等により安価に製造できるが、熱伝導度が17W/mKと著しく低いため、放熱基板材料としては適していない。さらに、放射線遮蔽材料や航空機のカウンターウエイト、携帯電話機の振動子等に使用される高密度合金として、タングステン重合金が従来から知られている。この種の高密度合金は、基本的にはタングステン(W)、ニッケル(Ni)、銅(Cu)から構成されるもので、このタングステン重合金も熱膨張係数が低い材料であるが、これも熱伝導度が低いため、半導体用放熱基板としては使用されていない。
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、上記事情に鑑み、必要な熱膨張係数と熱伝導度を備え、しかも製法が比較的簡単な放熱基板材料を提供することを課題としている。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するため、本発明は次のような放熱基板を提供する。すなわち、請求項1に記載の半導体用放熱基板は、材質が重量比でニッケルを2〜10%、銅を1〜5%、燐をニッケルと銅を合わせた重量に対し0.5〜10%含有し、残部がタングステンであることを特徴としている。ニッケルの一部をコバルト及び/又は鉄で置換した合金でもかまわない。
【0010】
本発明の放熱基板の材質は、その組成からみて、前述の高密度合金に類するものであるが、従来の高密度合金と異なり、タングステン、ニッケル、銅のほかに、所定量の燐Pを添加している。この燐の添加により、燒結性が向上し、比較的低温で高密度に燒結できることがわかっている(特願2001−394412)。
【0011】
本発明は、この高密度合金の成分と特性について種々研究している過程で、この高密度合金と同様な組成の合金が、熱膨張係数が低く、しかも半導体用放熱基板として使用するに適した熱伝導度を備えていることを見出して本発明を完成したのである。
【0012】
通常のタングステン、ニッケル、銅からなるタングステン重合金は、熱膨張係数が5〜8x10−6/Kと低いが、この熱膨張係数は、比較的低熱膨張のタングステンと比較的高熱膨張である他の成分の組成比を変えることによって制御することができる。すなわち、タングステン重合金は、タングステン粒子と、ニッケル、銅、タングステン合金からなるマトリックスから構成されている。タングステンの熱伝導度は167W/mKであるが、マトリックスの熱伝導度は、タングステンに比較すると著しく低いので、この種のタングステン重合金では、タングステン粒子相の体積分率が高くなるほど、熱伝導度は高くなる。また、タングステンの熱膨張係数は4.6x10−6/Kであり、タングステン相が増えるほど熱膨張係数は小さくなる。
【0013】
タングステン重合金は、複雑形状のニアネット製造に適している。従来の銅タングステン合金の寸法のバラツキは、±1.0%であるが、MIMにより、製造した場合のタングステン重合金の寸法バラツキを実測したところ、±0.3%であった。銅タングステン合金は熱特性に優れているが、銅の滲み出し等により寸法のバラツキが大きく、ニアネット製造が困難であり、高コストとならざるを得ないのである。
【0014】
本願発明では、従来のタングステン重合金の組成のほかに燐が添加されているが、この燐は、燒結後にニッケル−銅相中に残存し、マトリックスはニッケル−銅−タングステン−燐系合金となる。燐が存在することでニッケル−銅中へのタングステンの溶解度は低下するので、タングステン粒子相の体積分率が高くなり、熱伝導度は向上し、逆に熱膨張係数は低下するものと考えられる。すなわち、燐の添加により、熱伝導度及び熱膨張係数がともに純タングステンのそれに近づくのである。
【0015】
本発明は、ニッケル(Ni)又はニッケルとコバルト(Co)及び/又は鉄(Fe)の合金や銅(Cu)が、燐(P)とのあいだに比較的低温の共晶点を持つことに着目し、タングステン、ニッケル(コバルト、鉄等を含んでもよい)、銅系合金にリンを添加することにより、低温で液相を生成させ、炉体、発熱体の材料が低コストですむ1000℃程度の比較的低温で高密度(17g/cm3 以上)の燒結体を得るものである。
【0016】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施形態について具体例を挙げつつ詳細に説明する。この放熱基板材料は、公知の粉末冶金法によって製造することができる。図1はその製造工程を表すもので、まず各原料粉末を目的とする合金の組成に合わせて配合し、アトライタミル等の公知の混合装置で混合する。燐としては、例えば赤燐粉末(Cu−8%P、燐酸銅等でもよい)を使用する。混合時間は均一な混合状態が得られる時間であり、通常は2〜4時間である。
【0017】
得られた混合粉末を射出成形用バインダーとともにニーダーミキサー中で混練し、フィードストックを得る。該フィードストックを射出成形、脱脂し、その成形体を水素雰囲気等の非酸化性雰囲気中で燒結する。この合金にはリン(燐)が添加されているので、燒結温度は1000℃程度の比較的低温でよく、燒結時間は通常は3時間以上である。この燒結により、目的とする密度17g/m3 以上の高密度合金の高密度燒結体が得られるのである。図2は燒結温度と燒結密度との関係を表す。
【0018】
【実施例1】
平均粒度1.5ミクロンのタングステン粉末、平均粒度2.5ミクロンのカルボニルニッケル粉末、平均粒度15ミクロンのアトマイズ銅粉末、及び赤燐粉末をW−3%Ni−2%Cu−0.1%P(P量はNiとCuを合わせた量に対し2%)(実施例A)、及びW−6%Ni−4%Cu−0.2%P(実施例B)となるように秤量し、アトライタミル中で3時間混合した。得られた混合粉末と射出成形用バインダーをニーダ中で混練し、フィードストックを作製した。
【0019】
このフィードストックを所定の金型中に射出成形し、成形体を得た。これを水素雰囲気中で加熱して、脱脂するとともに、1000℃で燒結した。得られた燒結体の寸法精度は±0.3%であった。この燒結体から熱伝導度及び熱膨張係数測定用の試片を切り出して測定した結果を表1及び図3に示す。なお、燒結体の成分について調査したところ、燐は当初添加量の85%が残留していることがわかった。この燐は、微量であり、用途上なんら問題とならないものである。
【0020】
得られた燒結体は、外面機械加工なしに、表面をニッケルメッキして使用に供した。銅タングステン合金の場合は、寸法精度が±1%で、表面には銅が滲み出していたので、外面をエンドミルで機械加工した。その後ニッケルメッキを行って使用に供した。
【0021】
【表1】
【0022】
【実施例2】
平均粒度1.5ミクロンのタングステン粉末、平均粒度2.5ミクロンのカルボニルNi粉、平均粒度15ミクロンのアトマイズ銅粉、平均粒度1.8ミクロンのコバルト粉及び赤燐粉を用い、W−1.8Ni−1.2Cuの割合で配合するとともに、このうちのNiとCuを合わせた量に対しPが4%となるように燐を添加し、アトライタミル中で4時間混合した。混合粉末を30x300mmの金型中で1500kgf/cm2 の圧力で1.5mmの厚さにプレス成形した。この成形体を水素雰囲気中、1200℃で1.5時間燒結した。得られた合金の密度は18.3g/cm3 であった。この合金の熱膨張係数と熱伝導率は、上記実施例Aと同等であった。得られた合金は、上下面を0.05mmラップ加工後、ニッケルメッキして使用に供した。
【0023】
【比較例1】
平均粒度1.5ミクロンのタングステン粉末、平均粒度2.5ミクロンのカルボニルNi粉、平均粒度15ミクロンのアトマイズ銅粉をW−3%Ni−2%Cu(比較例C)、及びW−6%Ni−4%Cu(比較例D)となるように秤量し、アトライタミル中で3時間混合した。混合後は混合粉末を乾燥した。
【0024】
得られた混合粉末と射出成形用の有機バインダーであるエチレンビニルアセテート・ブチルメタアクリレート・ポリスチレンの共重合体、パラフィンワックス、フタル酸ブチル、ステアリン酸を加えてニーダ中で混練し、フィードストックを作製した。このフィードストックを所定の金型中に射出成形し、成形体を得た。これを水素雰囲気中で脱脂し、1350℃で燒結した。
【0025】
得られた燒結体の寸法精度は±0.3%であった。この燒結体から熱伝導度及び熱膨張係数測定用の試片を切り出して測定した結果を表1及び図3に併記した。
【0026】
【比較例2】
上記実施例と同様な原料を用い、W−1.8%Ni−1.2%Cu(比較例E)、及びW−1.8%Ni−1.2%Cu−0.1%P(比較例F)となるように配合し、上記と同様な工程で燒結体を得た。この燒結体から熱伝導度及び熱膨張係数測定用の試片を切り出して測定した結果を表1及び図3に併記した。
【0027】
【発明の効果】
以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明の半導体用放熱基板は、比較的低い燒結温度で高密度を得ることができるものであり、熱伝導度にすぐれ、低熱膨張係数を有するものである。しかも、多くの場合、外面機械加工なしに、燒結上りで寸法精度を満足する燒結体を得られるので、製造コストを低減することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の半導体用放熱基板の製造工程図である。
【図2】燒結温度と密度との関係を表すグラフである。
【図3】実施例と比較例の性質を表すグラフである。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a heat dissipation substrate used for a semiconductor mounting substrate.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The semiconductor heat dissipation substrate is a material having high thermal conductivity, and the thermal expansion coefficient is the same as that of the semiconductor substrate (low thermal expansion coefficient) so as not to be deformed when bonded to the semiconductor substrate. There is a need. Conventionally, copper tungsten alloy (Cu-W) has been mainly used as a semiconductor heat dissipation substrate. In the copper-tungsten alloy, the thermal conductivity and the thermal expansion coefficient can be adjusted to some extent by the blending ratio of tungsten and copper.
[0003]
Copper-tungsten alloy is manufactured by powder metallurgy technology. For its production method, a tungsten powder and a copper powder are mixed, molded and sintered, and a porous tungsten skeleton is manufactured in advance. There is an infiltration method in which molten copper is impregnated with molten copper. About the manufacturing method of this copper tungsten alloy, it is disclosed by patent document 1, patent document 2, etc., for example.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-8-199280 [0005]
[Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-280064 [0006]
Although the copper tungsten alloy has excellent thermal characteristics, since the liquid phase generated during sintering is almost composed of copper, there is a problem that the viscosity is low and the surface oozes. For this reason, it is necessary to perform finishing processing after considerable time after sintering.
[0007]
Another low thermal expansion material is Kovar. Kovar has a low coefficient of thermal expansion of 5.3 × 10 −6 / K and can be manufactured at a low cost by fine blanking or the like. However, since its thermal conductivity is as low as 17 W / mK, it is not suitable as a heat dissipation substrate material. Furthermore, tungsten alloy is conventionally known as a high-density alloy used for radiation shielding materials, aircraft counterweights, mobile phone vibrators, and the like. This type of high-density alloy is basically composed of tungsten (W), nickel (Ni), and copper (Cu). This tungsten polymerized gold is also a material having a low coefficient of thermal expansion. Because of its low thermal conductivity, it is not used as a semiconductor heat dissipation substrate.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a heat dissipation substrate material having a necessary coefficient of thermal expansion and thermal conductivity and having a relatively simple manufacturing method.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following heat dissipation substrate. In other words, the heat dissipation substrate for semiconductor according to claim 1 is composed of 2 to 10% of nickel by weight, 1 to 5% of copper, and 0.5 to 10% of phosphorus by weight of nickel and copper combined. It is contained, and the balance is tungsten. An alloy in which a part of nickel is replaced with cobalt and / or iron may be used.
[0010]
The material of the heat dissipation substrate of the present invention is similar to the above-described high-density alloy in view of its composition, but unlike conventional high-density alloys, a predetermined amount of phosphorus P is added in addition to tungsten, nickel, and copper. doing. It has been found that the addition of phosphorus improves the sinterability and enables high-density sintering at a relatively low temperature (Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-39412).
[0011]
In the process of various studies on the components and characteristics of this high-density alloy, the present invention has an alloy having the same composition as that of this high-density alloy and has a low coefficient of thermal expansion and is suitable for use as a heat dissipation substrate for semiconductors. The present invention was completed by finding that it has thermal conductivity.
[0012]
Tungsten polymer gold composed of ordinary tungsten, nickel, and copper has a low coefficient of thermal expansion of 5 to 8 × 10 −6 / K, but this coefficient of thermal expansion is different from that of tungsten having a relatively low thermal expansion and relatively high thermal expansion. It can be controlled by changing the composition ratio of the components. That is, tungsten polymerized gold is composed of tungsten particles and a matrix made of nickel, copper, and tungsten alloy. Although the thermal conductivity of tungsten is 167 W / mK, the thermal conductivity of the matrix is significantly lower than that of tungsten. Therefore, in this type of tungsten polymerized gold, the higher the volume fraction of the tungsten particle phase, the higher the thermal conductivity. Becomes higher. Moreover, the thermal expansion coefficient of tungsten is 4.6 × 10 −6 / K, and the thermal expansion coefficient decreases as the tungsten phase increases.
[0013]
Tungsten polymer gold is suitable for manufacturing a complex-shaped near net. The variation in the dimensions of the conventional copper-tungsten alloy is ± 1.0%, but the actual measurement of the variation in the dimensions of tungsten-polymerized gold when manufactured by MIM was ± 0.3%. Although the copper tungsten alloy is excellent in thermal characteristics, the dimensional variation is large due to copper oozing and the like, making near-net production difficult, and high cost.
[0014]
In the present invention, phosphorus is added in addition to the composition of the conventional tungsten polymerized gold, but this phosphorus remains in the nickel-copper phase after sintering, and the matrix becomes a nickel-copper-tungsten-phosphorus alloy. . Since the solubility of tungsten in nickel-copper decreases due to the presence of phosphorus, the volume fraction of the tungsten particle phase is increased, the thermal conductivity is improved, and the thermal expansion coefficient is decreased. . That is, the addition of phosphorus brings both the thermal conductivity and the thermal expansion coefficient closer to that of pure tungsten.
[0015]
In the present invention, nickel (Ni) or an alloy of nickel and cobalt (Co) and / or iron (Fe) or copper (Cu) has a relatively low temperature eutectic point with phosphorus (P). Pay attention to tungsten, nickel (which may contain cobalt, iron, etc.), copper-based alloys to generate liquid phase at low temperature, and furnace and heating element materials can be manufactured at low cost A sintered body having a high density (17 g / cm 3 or more) is obtained at a relatively low temperature.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with specific examples. This heat dissipation substrate material can be manufactured by a known powder metallurgy method. FIG. 1 shows the manufacturing process. First, each raw material powder is blended in accordance with the composition of the target alloy and mixed by a known mixing apparatus such as an attritor mill. As phosphorus, for example, red phosphorus powder (Cu-8% P, copper phosphate or the like may be used) is used. The mixing time is a time for obtaining a uniform mixed state, and is usually 2 to 4 hours.
[0017]
The obtained mixed powder is kneaded with a binder for injection molding in a kneader mixer to obtain a feedstock. The feedstock is injection molded and degreased, and the molded body is sintered in a non-oxidizing atmosphere such as a hydrogen atmosphere. Since phosphorus is added to this alloy, the sintering temperature may be a relatively low temperature of about 1000 ° C., and the sintering time is usually 3 hours or more. By this sintering, a high-density sintered body of a target high-density alloy having a density of 17 g / m 3 or more can be obtained. FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the sintering temperature and the sintering density.
[0018]
[Example 1]
A tungsten powder having an average particle size of 1.5 microns, a carbonyl nickel powder having an average particle size of 2.5 microns, an atomized copper powder having an average particle size of 15 microns, and a red phosphorus powder were mixed with W-3% Ni-2% Cu-0.1% P. (P amount is 2% with respect to the combined amount of Ni and Cu) (Example A) and W-6% Ni-4% Cu-0.2% P (Example B) Mixed for 3 hours in an attritor mill. The obtained mixed powder and an injection molding binder were kneaded in a kneader to prepare a feedstock.
[0019]
The feedstock was injection molded into a predetermined mold to obtain a molded body. This was heated in a hydrogen atmosphere to degrease and sintered at 1000 ° C. The dimensional accuracy of the obtained sintered body was ± 0.3%. Table 1 and FIG. 3 show the results of cutting out and measuring a specimen for measuring thermal conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient from this sintered body. When the components of the sintered body were investigated, it was found that 85% of the initial amount of phosphorus remained. This phosphorus is a trace amount and does not pose any problem for use.
[0020]
The obtained sintered body was subjected to nickel plating for use without external surface machining. In the case of copper-tungsten alloy, the dimensional accuracy was ± 1%, and copper exuded on the surface. Thereafter, nickel plating was performed for use.
[0021]
[Table 1]
[0022]
[Example 2]
Using tungsten powder having an average particle size of 1.5 microns, carbonyl Ni powder having an average particle size of 2.5 microns, atomized copper powder having an average particle size of 15 microns, cobalt powder having an average particle size of 1.8 microns, and red phosphorus powder, W-1. While blending at a ratio of 8Ni-1.2Cu, phosphorus was added so that P was 4% with respect to the total amount of Ni and Cu, and mixed in an attritor mill for 4 hours. The mixed powder was press-molded in a 30 × 300 mm mold at a pressure of 1500 kgf / cm 2 to a thickness of 1.5 mm. This molded body was sintered in a hydrogen atmosphere at 1200 ° C. for 1.5 hours. The density of the obtained alloy was 18.3 g / cm 3 . The thermal expansion coefficient and thermal conductivity of this alloy were the same as in Example A above. The obtained alloy was subjected to nickel plating after 0.05 mm lapping on the upper and lower surfaces for use.
[0023]
[Comparative Example 1]
Tungsten powder with an average particle size of 1.5 microns, carbonyl Ni powder with an average particle size of 2.5 microns, atomized copper powder with an average particle size of 15 microns, W-3% Ni-2% Cu (Comparative Example C), and W-6% Ni-4% Cu (Comparative Example D) was weighed and mixed in an attritor mill for 3 hours. After mixing, the mixed powder was dried.
[0024]
The resulting mixed powder and a copolymer of ethylene vinyl acetate / butyl methacrylate / polystyrene, which is an organic binder for injection molding, paraffin wax, butyl phthalate and stearic acid are added and kneaded in a kneader to produce a feedstock. did. The feedstock was injection molded into a predetermined mold to obtain a molded body. This was degreased in a hydrogen atmosphere and sintered at 1350 ° C.
[0025]
The dimensional accuracy of the obtained sintered body was ± 0.3%. Results obtained by cutting out and measuring specimens for measuring thermal conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient from this sintered body are shown in Table 1 and FIG.
[0026]
[Comparative Example 2]
Using the same raw materials as in the above examples, W-1.8% Ni-1.2% Cu (Comparative Example E) and W-1.8% Ni-1.2% Cu-0.1% P ( Comparative Example F) was blended, and a sintered body was obtained in the same process as above. Results obtained by cutting out and measuring specimens for measuring thermal conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient from this sintered body are shown in Table 1 and FIG.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above description, the semiconductor heat dissipation substrate of the present invention can obtain a high density at a relatively low sintering temperature, has excellent thermal conductivity, and has a low thermal expansion coefficient. In addition, in many cases, a sintered body that satisfies the dimensional accuracy can be obtained without being subjected to external surface machining, so that the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a manufacturing process diagram of a semiconductor heat dissipation board of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between sintering temperature and density.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing properties of an example and a comparative example.
Claims (2)
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| JP2003209152A JP2005072069A (en) | 2003-08-27 | 2003-08-27 | Semiconductor heat dissipation board |
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| JP2003209152A JP2005072069A (en) | 2003-08-27 | 2003-08-27 | Semiconductor heat dissipation board |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010041809A (en) * | 2008-08-04 | 2010-02-18 | Hitachi Ltd | Vehicular power converter, metal base for power module, and power module |
| US8803183B2 (en) | 2010-10-13 | 2014-08-12 | Ho Cheng Industrial Co., Ltd. | LED heat-conducting substrate and its thermal module |
-
2003
- 2003-08-27 JP JP2003209152A patent/JP2005072069A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010041809A (en) * | 2008-08-04 | 2010-02-18 | Hitachi Ltd | Vehicular power converter, metal base for power module, and power module |
| US8803183B2 (en) | 2010-10-13 | 2014-08-12 | Ho Cheng Industrial Co., Ltd. | LED heat-conducting substrate and its thermal module |
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