JP2005066769A - Lathe - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lathe further narrowed in breadth dimension, made shallow in depth and having excellent workpiece handling performance even in a vertical lathe. <P>SOLUTION: This lathe is provided with a spindle unit 2 for supporting one end of a shaft workpiece W, a support unit 3 arranged in front of a spindle of the spindle unit 2 to support the other end of the shaft workpiece W, and a tool rest unit 4. An axis O on which the spindle axis of the spindle unit 2 and the support axis of the support unit 3 pass, is inclined with respect to a horizontal plane, and the tool rest unit 4 is linearly movable in an inclined direction to an orthogonal plane perpendicular to the axis and including the axis O and a horizontal line. Two tool rest units 4 may be provided on both sides of the axis O. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a lathe that supports both ends of a shaft work with a spindle unit and a support unit such as a tail stock unit.

A lathe having a tailstock is generally a horizontal type in which a spindle unit and a tailstock unit are installed such that the axis is horizontal. Since the horizontal lathe is widened and the installation area is increased, a vertical lathe is also used to reduce the installation area.
In addition, a vertical lathe has been proposed that is slightly inclined in order to improve the dischargeability of chips (for example, Patent Document 1). In this proposed example, the spindle unit is located below and the tailstock unit is located above.

Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 57-52161

The vertical lathe described in Patent Document 1 has a relatively narrow width because the tool post holds a single tool, but a vertical lathe also holds a plurality of tools. In a turret type or the like having a tool post such as a turret, a lateral width that secures the forward and backward stroke of the tool post and the tool post is required, and the lateral width is somewhat wide.
Further, in the tilt type vertical lathe of Patent Document 1, since the spindle unit is located below, unless the spindle unit is a small lathe, the spindle unit becomes a hindrance from the front of the lathe to the workpiece support position by the spindle chuck. The distance becomes longer and the handling of the workpiece becomes worse.

An object of the present invention is to provide a lathe capable of further narrowing the width dimension and shallower than a vertical lathe and having excellent workability.
Another object of the present invention is to reduce the lateral width in a lathe capable of simultaneous machining with a plurality of tools.
Still another object of the present invention is to improve the dischargeability of chips.

The lathe according to the present invention includes a spindle unit that grips and supports one end of a shaft work, and a support axis that is disposed in front of the spindle of the spindle unit and passes through the axis of the spindle and is supported by the spindle. In a lathe provided with a support unit for supporting the other end of the shaft work and a tool post unit for cutting the work, the axis is inclined with respect to a horizontal plane, and the tool post unit is perpendicular to the axis. It is assumed that the linear movement is possible in a direction inclined with respect to an orthogonal plane including the axis and a horizontal line orthogonal to the axis. The tool post unit may be composed of a plurality of constituent parts, and the constituent parts may be capable of linear movement in the above direction. For example, the tool post unit may be configured by a feed base and a tool rest mounted on the feed base so as to be movable forward and backward, and the tool post may be capable of linear movement in the above direction.
According to this configuration, since the main spindle unit and the support unit are arranged in the front-rear direction, the horizontal width of the lathe is shortened, and since the main spindle unit and the support unit are inclined, the depth dimension is also narrowed. Further, since the tool post unit is linearly movable in a direction perpendicular to the axis and inclined with respect to an orthogonal plane including the axis and the horizontal line, the linear movement direction is inclined with respect to the horizontal direction. The width of the lathe is further shortened by this amount. As a result, the installation area of the lathe is further reduced. Since the direction of linear movement of the tool post unit is perpendicular to the axis passing through the spindle axis, it is possible to cut the workpiece gripped by the spindle in the radial direction. Does not occur. Also, because of the tilting of the support unit, the work position is higher than the case of horizontal placement when a worker outside the machine handles the work held between the spindle and the support unit, such as when attaching and detaching. Therefore, the workability of the workpiece is good.

Another lathe according to the present invention includes a spindle unit that grips and supports one end of a shaft work, and a support axis that is disposed in front of the spindle of the spindle unit and passes through the axis of the spindle. In a lathe provided with a support unit for supporting the other end of the supported shaft work and a tool post unit for cutting the work, the axis is inclined with respect to a horizontal plane, and the tool post unit Two of the tool post units are provided on both sides of the turret, and both of these tool post units are linearly movable in a direction perpendicular to the axis and inclined with respect to an orthogonal plane including the axis and the horizontal line.
According to this configuration, the width dimension is reduced as described above, the depth dimension can be shortened, and the work handling property is excellent, and the following effects are obtained. That is, two turret units are provided on both sides, and both these turret units are linearly movable in a direction perpendicular to the axis and inclined with respect to an orthogonal plane including the axis and a horizontal line. The width of the lathe can be narrowed while a configuration in which a plurality of cutting processes can be performed simultaneously using the tool post units on both sides.

The lathes of these inventions include, for example, a bed having a spindle unit placement surface on which the spindle unit is placed, a support unit placement surface on which the support unit is placed, and a tool post unit placement surface on which the tool post unit is placed. Each of the unit mounting surfaces is provided in parallel with the axis, and the tool post unit mounting surface is an inclined surface that goes down toward the main shaft, and the main unit mounting surface and the supporting unit mounting in plan view. You may form chip discharge space in the area | region enclosed by a mounting surface and a tool post unit.
Thus, when the chip discharge space is formed in the region surrounded by the spindle unit mounting surface, the support unit mounting surface, and the tool post unit, the chips generated from the spindle supported between the spindle and the support unit Can be dropped from the chip discharge space. Therefore, the chip dischargeability is improved with a simple configuration.

The lathe according to the present invention is a lathe including a spindle unit, a support unit, and a tool post unit, and an axis passing through the axis of the spindle unit and the support unit is inclined with respect to a horizontal plane, and the tool post unit is moved to the axis line. It can be moved linearly in a direction inclined with respect to an orthogonal plane including the axis and a horizontal line orthogonal to the axis. Can be made shallower, and the workability of the workpiece is excellent.
In addition to the above configuration, another lathe according to the present invention is provided with two tool post units on both sides of the axis, and these tool post units are both perpendicular to the axis and have the axis and horizontal lines. Since it can move linearly in a direction inclined with respect to the orthogonal plane, the horizontal dimension can be shortened and the work replacement operation can be facilitated while being configured to perform a plurality of cutting operations simultaneously.
When chip discharge space is formed in the area surrounded by the spindle unit mounting surface, support unit mounting surface, and tool post unit provided on the bed, the chip can be easily discharged with a simple configuration. .

  A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The lathe 1 includes a spindle unit 2 that holds and supports one end of a shaft workpiece W, a support unit 3 that is disposed in front of the spindle of the spindle unit 2 and supports the other end of the shaft workpiece W, and is cut into the workpiece W. A tool post unit 4 that performs processing and a machine body cover 5 that covers the processing space S of the workpiece W by the tool post unit 4 are provided. The support unit 3 has a support axis positioned on an axis O through which the axis of the main shaft 14 passes. The body cover 5 has a door 6 for work replacement work on the front side. The door 6 is installed in the body cover 5 so that it can be opened and closed by sliding left and right, for example.

  The spindle unit 2 includes a spindle unit main body 10 in which a spindle 14 is rotatably installed on a spindle base 13 fixed on a bed 7, and a motor 11 that is installed behind the spindle base 13 and drives the spindle 14 to rotate. And a chuck cylinder 12 that is installed behind the headstock 13 and drives the spindle chuck 14a to open and close.

  As shown in a perspective view in FIG. 4, the bed 7 has a pair of leg portions 15, 16 that are separated from each other on the left and right sides, and a shape in which the rear portions of the pair of leg portions 15, 16 are integrally connected by a horizontal portion 17. It is said that. The horizontal portion 17 has a lower surface at a position higher than the leg portions 15 and 16, and a space between the leg portions 15 and 16 on both sides below the horizontal portion 17 is a chip conveyor arrangement space 33. The entire bed 7 is integrally formed, for example, by casting. A spindle unit placement surface 17 a on which the spindle unit 2 is placed is formed on the upper part of the horizontal portion 17. The spindle unit mounting surface 17a is an inclined surface whose front side is inclined downward, and the spindle stock 13 is installed. The spindle unit placement surface 17a is composed of the upper surface of the spindle unit placement portion 17b that protrudes from the central upper surface of the horizontal portion 17 in the width direction. 5 is a perspective view of the bed 7 as viewed from the direction of the arrow P3 in FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the bed 7 as viewed from the direction of the arrow P4 in FIG.

  In FIG. 1, the support unit 3 may be any unit that can support the other end of the shaft work W supported by the main shaft 14, and may be a tail stock unit, a second main shaft unit, or the like. In this embodiment, the support unit 3 is a tail stock unit. The support unit 3 including the tail stock unit is configured such that a tail stock 20 is installed on a base 18 fixed on the bed 7 so that the advance / retreat position can be adjusted via a guide 19. The tailstock 20 has a tailstock shaft 21 that can move forward and backward while facing the main shaft 14, and the amount of protrusion can be adjusted with respect to the main body of the tailstock 20. Support unit placement surfaces 15 a and 16 a on which the support unit 3 is placed are formed on the lower portions of the upper surfaces of the left and right leg portions 15 and 16 of the bed 7. These mounting surfaces 15a and 16a are inclined surfaces parallel to the spindle unit mounting surface 17a, and the base 18 of the support unit 3 is installed across both the mounting surfaces 15a and 16a. Thereby, the axis O through which the axis of the spindle 14 of the spindle unit 2 and the axis of the tail shaft 21 of the support unit 3 pass is inclined so that the support unit 3 side is on the lower side with respect to the horizontal plane. Here, the inclination angle θ (FIG. 1) of the axis O is set in the range of 30 to 60 °. More preferably, it is the range of 45-60 degrees. The support unit 3 is shorter in the direction of the axis O than the main shaft unit 2. The support unit placement surfaces 15a and 16a are formed from the upper surfaces of the support unit placement portions 15aa and 16aa that are part of the leg portions 15 and 16 on both sides of the bed 7. The support unit placement portions 15aa and 16aa are provided at positions where the height is lower than that of the spindle unit placement portion 17b.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, two tool post units 4 are installed on the left and right sides of the bed 7 with the axis O interposed therebetween. 2 shows a view seen from the direction of arrow P1 in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 shows a view seen from the direction of arrow P2 in FIG. 2 and 3, the body cover 5 is omitted. Tool post unit mounting surfaces 15b and 16b on which the tool post units 4 are placed are formed on the upper surfaces of the left and right leg portions 15 and 16 of the bed 7, respectively. The mounting surfaces 15b and 16b are inclined surfaces parallel to the spindle unit mounting surface 17a, and the tool post units 4 are installed on both mounting surfaces 15b and 16b.

  The tool post unit 4 includes a tool post 22 and a feed base 23. The tool post 22 has a plurality of tool stations, and includes, for example, a turret having each tool station on the outer periphery. In each tool station of the tool post 22, tools (not shown) such as a cutting tool for performing cutting are installed via a tool holder. The feed base 23 includes a feed base 23a installed on the tool post unit mounting surfaces 15b and 16b via a guide 24 so as to be movable in a direction parallel to the axis O, and a straight line on the feed base 23a. It consists of the upper feed stand 23b installed so that a movement was possible. In other words, the feed base 23 includes a feed base 23a and an upper feed base 23b that can move relative to each other in directions orthogonal to each other. The linear movement direction of the upper feed base 23b with respect to the feed base 23a is a direction perpendicular to the axis O and inclined with respect to an orthogonal plane including the axis O and a horizontal line perpendicular to the axis O. The direction is downward toward the unit 2 side. In addition, it is good also as a direction which goes up toward the spindle unit 2 side contrary to the above. The tool post unit mounting surfaces 15b and 16b are inclined surfaces that descend toward the main shaft 14 side. Specifically, the guide 24 is formed integrally with the tool post unit mounting surfaces 15b and 16b, and the guide 24 is an inclined surface that descends toward the main shaft 14 side. The guide 24 guides the tool post unit 4 so as to advance and retreat in the direction along the axis O, and is a sliding guide provided integrally with the bed 4. The tool post 22 is installed on the upper feed base 23b so as to be indexed and rotated in a posture parallel to the axis O. The advancement / retraction of the feed base 23a is driven forward / backward by the servo motor 25 and the feed screw 26, and the upper feed base 23b is driven forward / backward by the servo motor 27 and the feed screw 28. The indexing rotation of the tool post 22 is performed by an indexing drive motor 29.

  A chip conveyor 30 that penetrates the bed 7 forward and backward is installed in the chip conveyor arrangement space 33 at the lower part of the bed 7. One end of the upper surface of the chip conveyor 30 serves as a chip collection unit 8, and the other end extends outside the machine to serve as a discharge unit 31. Between the spindle unit 2 and the support unit 3 on the bed 7, that is, in a plan view on the bed 7, the spindle unit placement surface 17 a, the support unit placement surfaces 15 a and 16 a, and the tool post unit placement surfaces 15 b and 16 b are surrounded. A chip discharge space 9 that leads to the bottom of the bed 7 is provided in the region. The chip discharge space 9 is formed by being surrounded by left and right leg portions 15 and 16 and a rear horizontal portion 17. The chip collection unit 8 is disposed at the lower end of the chip discharge space 9. A control panel 32 (FIG. 1) for controlling the entire operation of the lathe 1 is placed on the rear part of the horizontal part 7 of the bed 7.

According to the lathe 1 having this configuration, since the spindle unit 2 and the support unit 3 are arranged in the front-rear direction, the lateral width of the lathe 1 is reduced. In addition, since the axis O in which the main shaft 14 and the axis of the support unit 3 are aligned is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane, the depth of the lathe 1 is also reduced, and the installation area of the lathe 1 can be reduced. Further, the turret 22 of the turret unit 4 can be linearly moved along with the upper feed base 23b in a direction downward toward the spindle unit 2 in a plane perpendicular to the axis O, so that the turret unit advancing and retracting direction can be achieved. By the inclination, the width of the lathe 1 can be further reduced.
Since the two tool post units 4 are provided on both sides of the axis O, a plurality of cutting processes can be performed simultaneously. Thus, although the tool post unit 4 is installed on both sides, the advancing and retreating directions of the tool post units 4 are inclined, so that the width of the lathe 1 can be reduced.

  Further, because of the inclination of the support unit 3, the work W supported between the main shaft 14 and the support unit 3 is more than the work in the horizontal position when the worker M outside the machine performs the attaching / detaching work. The support position is close to the worker M, and the workability of the workpiece M is good. Furthermore, since the spindle unit 2 having a long depth is disposed on the upper side of the inclination and the support unit 3 is disposed on the lower side, the support position of the worker M and the workpiece W becomes closer, and handling is further improved.

On the bed 7, a spindle unit mounting surface 17 a for mounting the spindle unit 2, support unit mounting surfaces 15 a and 16 a for mounting the support unit 3, and tool post unit mounting surfaces 15 b and 16 b for mounting the tool post unit 4. Are provided parallel to the axis O, so that the units 2 to 4 can be installed on the bed 7 with good stability and ease of assembly.
Further, a chip discharge space 9 that leads to the bottom of the bed 7 is formed in a region surrounded by the spindle unit mounting surface 17a, the support unit mounting surfaces 15a and 16a, and the tool post unit mounting surfaces 15b and 16b in plan view. Since it is formed and the chips are dropped directly onto the chip collecting section 8 below, the chips are easily discharged and the chips are less likely to remain on the bed 7. A chip conveyor 30 is provided in the lower part of the bed 7, and one end of the upper surface thereof is used as the chip collection unit 8, and the discharge unit 31 at the other end is extended to the outside of the machine, so that the chips can be efficiently discharged outside the machine.
In addition, since the spindle unit 2 is located above the support unit 3, chips hardly remain on the chuck surface of the spindle 14, and the seating failure of the workpiece W is reduced.

  In this embodiment, since the axis O is inclined within a range of 30 to 60 ° with respect to the horizontal plane, the spindle unit 2, the support unit 3, and the tool post unit 4 are installed on the bed 7 in a balanced manner. In addition, when the work exchange work is performed from the front of the lathe 1, the chuck surface of the spindle chuck 14a can be seen, and the work exchange work can be performed more easily.

  FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a second spindle unit is provided as a support unit 3A instead of the support unit 3 as a tail stock unit in the first embodiment shown in FIGS. This support unit 3A has a second main spindle 20A installed on a base 18A via a guide 19A so as to be able to advance and retreat in the direction along the axis O, and a second main spindle 21A is rotatably installed on the main spindle 20A. It is what. The base 18 </ b> A is installed across the support unit placement surfaces 15 a and 16 a of the bed 7. The support axis that is the center of the main axis of the second main shaft 21A is located on the axis O. The second main shaft 21A has a chuck for gripping the other end of the workpiece W whose one end is gripped by the main shaft 14, and is driven to rotate by a motor (not shown). The support unit 3 </ b> A is also shorter in length along the axis O than the main shaft unit 2. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment. Also in the case of this embodiment, each operation and effect described in the first embodiment can be obtained.

It is a partially broken side view of the lathe concerning 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is the figure which looked at the same lathe from the direction of arrow P1 of FIG. It is the figure which looked at the same lathe from the direction of arrow P2 of FIG. It is a perspective view of the bed in the same lathe. It is the perspective view which looked at the bed from the direction of arrow P3 of FIG. It is the perspective view which looked at the bed from the direction of arrow P4 of FIG. It is a partially broken side view of the lathe concerning other embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Lathe 2 ... Spindle unit 3, 3A ... Support unit 4 ... Tool post unit 5 ... Machine body cover 6 ... Door 7 ... Bed 8 ... Chip collection part 9 ... Chip discharge space 14 ... Spindles 15 and 16 ... Leg part 15a , 16a ... support unit placement surfaces 15b, 16b ... turret unit placement surface 17 ... horizontal section 17a ... spindle unit placement surface 21 ... tailstock 22 ... turret 23 ... feed base 23a ... feed base 23b ... Upper feed base 30 ... chip conveyor 33 ... chip conveyor arrangement space O ... axis S ... processing space W ... shaft work θ ... tilt angle

Claims (3)

  A spindle unit that grips and supports one end of the shaft work, and the other end of the shaft work that is supported by the spindle with the support axis positioned on the axis that is disposed in front of the spindle of the spindle unit and through which the axis of the spindle passes. In a lathe provided with a support unit for supporting the workpiece and a tool post unit for cutting a workpiece, the axis is inclined with respect to a horizontal plane, and the tool post unit is perpendicular to the axis and the axis and the axis. A lathe capable of linear movement in a direction inclined with respect to an orthogonal plane including a horizontal line orthogonal to the axis.   A spindle unit that grips and supports one end of the shaft work, and the other end of the shaft work that is supported by the spindle with the support axis positioned on the axis that is disposed in front of the spindle of the spindle unit and through which the axis of the spindle passes. In a lathe provided with a support unit for supporting a workpiece and a tool post unit for cutting a workpiece, the axis is inclined with respect to a horizontal plane, and two tool post units are provided on both sides of the axis, A lathe in which these tool post units are both linearly movable in a direction perpendicular to the axis and inclined with respect to an orthogonal plane including the axis and the horizontal line. A spindle unit mounting surface on which the spindle unit is mounted; a support unit mounting surface on which the support unit is mounted; and a turret unit mounting surface on which the tool post unit is mounted. Are arranged in parallel with the axis, and the tool post unit mounting surface is an inclined surface that goes down toward the main shaft, and in plan view, the main unit mounting surface, the support unit mounting surface, and the tool post unit. The lathe according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a chip discharge space is formed in an enclosed area.

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