JP2004521871A - Aminothiazole and its use as an adenosine receptor antagonist - Google Patents
Aminothiazole and its use as an adenosine receptor antagonist Download PDFInfo
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- JP2004521871A JP2004521871A JP2002544432A JP2002544432A JP2004521871A JP 2004521871 A JP2004521871 A JP 2004521871A JP 2002544432 A JP2002544432 A JP 2002544432A JP 2002544432 A JP2002544432 A JP 2002544432A JP 2004521871 A JP2004521871 A JP 2004521871A
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Abstract
式I:
【化1】
[式中、
Arは、1価のC6−C15芳香族性の基であり;
R1は、水素か、ハロゲン、シアノ、ヒドロキシ、C1−C8−アルキル、C1−C8−ハロアルキル、C1−C8−アルコキシ、C1−C8−アルコキシ−C1−C8−アルキル、またはアシルオキシから選択される、1もしくはそれ以上の置換基によって、任意に置換されているフェニルか、または5員環もしくは6員環の1価の複素環であり;
R2は、水素、C1−C8−アルキル、アシル、または−CON(R3)R4であり、そしてR2がC1−C8−アルキル、アシル、または−CON(R3)R4であれば、R1は水素であり;
R3とR4は、それぞれ独立に、水素またはC1−C8−アルキルであるか、またはそれらが結合している窒素原子と共に5員環もしくは6員環の複素環を表し;そして
Z1、Z2、Z3、およびZ4は、それぞれ独立して、N、またはCR5{式中、R5は、水素、C1−C8−アルキル、またはC1−C8−アルコキシである}であり、それらのうち少なくとも1つがCR5である]の遊離形もしくは塩形である化合物。本化合物は、アデノシン受容体アンタゴニストとして、特に炎症性もしくは閉塞性気道疾患の処置に有用である。Formula I:
[Chemical 1]
[Where:
Ar is a monovalent C 6 -C 15 aromatic group;
R 1 is hydrogen, halogen, cyano, hydroxy, C 1 -C 8 -alkyl, C 1 -C 8 -haloalkyl, C 1 -C 8 -alkoxy, C 1 -C 8 -alkoxy-C 1 -C 8 -Phenyl optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from alkyl, or acyloxy, or a monovalent heterocyclic ring of 5 or 6 members;
R 2 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 8 -alkyl, acyl, or —CON (R 3 ) R 4 , and R 2 is C 1 -C 8 -alkyl, acyl, or —CON (R 3 ) R If 4 , R 1 is hydrogen;
R 3 and R 4 are each independently hydrogen or C 1 -C 8 -alkyl or represent a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached; and Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , and Z 4 are each independently N, or CR 5 {wherein R 5 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 8 -alkyl, or C 1 -C 8 -alkoxy. And at least one of them is CR 5 ]. The compounds are useful as adenosine receptor antagonists, particularly in the treatment of inflammatory or obstructive airway diseases.
Description
【0001】
本発明は、有機化合物、その製法、およびその医薬としての使用に関する。
1つの態様において、本発明は、式I:
【化8】
[式中、
Arは、1価のC6−C15芳香族性の基であり;
R1は、水素か、ハロゲン、シアノ、ヒドロキシ、C1−C8−アルキル、C1−C8−ハロアルキル、C1−C8−アルコキシ、C1−C8−アルコキシ−C1−C8−アルキル、またはアシルオキシから選択される、1もしくはそれ以上の置換基によって、任意に置換されているフェニルか、または1価の5員環もしくは6員環の複素環であり;
R2は、水素、C1−C8−アルキル、アシル、または−CON(R3)R4であり、そしてR2がC1−C8−アルキル、アシル、または−CON(R3)R4であれば、R1は水素であり;
R3とR4は、それぞれ独立に、水素またはC1−C8−アルキルであるか、またはそれらが結合している窒素原子と共に5員環もしくは6員環の複素環を表し;
Z1、Z2、Z3、およびZ4は、それぞれ独立に、N、またはCR5{式中、R5は、水素、C1−C8−アルキル、またはC1−C8−アルコキシである}であり、少なくともこれらのうちの1つがCR5である]の遊離形もしくは塩形である化合物を提供する。
【0002】
本明細書中で用いられる用語は、以下の意味を有する。
本明細書中で用いられる“C1−C8−アルキル”は、直鎖もしくは枝分かれのC1−C8−アルキルを表し、例えばメチル、エチル、n−プロピル、イソプロピル、n−ブチル、イソブチル、sec−ブチル、tert−ブチル、直鎖もしくは枝分かれのペンチル、直鎖もしくは枝分かれのヘキシル、直鎖もしくは枝分かれのヘプチル、または直鎖もしくは枝分かれのオクチルであり得る。好ましくは、C1−C8−アルキルはC1−C4−アルキルである。
【0003】
本明細書中で用いられる“C1−C8−アルコキシ”は、直鎖もしくは枝分かれのC1−C8−アルコキシを表し、例えば、メトキシ、エトキシ、n−プロポキシ、イソプロポキシ、n−ブトキシ、イソブトキシ、sec−ブトキシ、tert−ブトキシ、直鎖もしくは枝分かれのペントキシ、直鎖もしくは枝分かれのヘキシルオキシ、直鎖もしくは枝分かれのヘプチルオキシ、または直鎖もしくは枝分かれのオクチルオキシであり得る。好ましくは、C1−C8−アルコキシは、C1−C4アルコキシである。
【0004】
本明細書中で用いられる“C1−C8−ハロアルキル”は、1もしくはそれ以上のハロゲン原子によって、好ましくは1、2、もしくは3個のハロゲン原子によって、好ましくはフッ素もしくは塩素原子によって置換された、上記で定義した通りのC1−C8−アルキルを表す。好ましくは、C1−C8−ハロアルキルは、1、2、もしくは3個のフッ素もしくは塩素原子によって置換されたC1−C4−アルキルである。
【0005】
本明細書中で用いられる“C1−C8−アルコキシ−C1−C8−アルキル”は、上記で定義した通りのC1−C8−アルコキシによって置換された、上記で定義した通りのC1−C8−アルキルを表す。
【0006】
本明細書中で用いられる“C1−C8−アルコキシ−C1−C8−アルコキシ”は、上記で定義した通りのC1−C8−アルコキシによって置換された、上記で定義した通りのC1−C8−アルコキシを表す。
【0007】
本明細書中で用いられる“C1−C8−アルキルカルボニル”、“C1−C8−ハロアルキルカルボニル”、および“C1−C8−アルコキシカルボニル”は、カルボニル基の炭素原子によって結合した、それぞれ上記で定義した通りのC1−C8−アルキル、C1−C8−ハロアルキル、またはC1−C8−アルコキシを表す。
【0008】
本明細書中で用いられる“アシル”は、アルキルカルボニル、例えば、C1−C8−アルキルカルボニル{式中、C1−C8アルキルは上記のC1−C8−アルキル基の1つであり得、任意に1もしくはそれ以上のハロゲン原子によって置換され得る};シクロアルキルカルボニル、例えばC3−C8−シクロアルキルカルボニル{式中、C3−C8−シクロアルキルは、例えばシクロプロピル、シクロブチル、シクロペンチル、シクロヘキシル、シクロヘプチル、またはシクロオクチルであり得る};フリルカルボニル、メチルチエニルカルボニル、またはピリジルカルボニルのような、1もしくはそれ以上の、好ましくは1もしくは2個の、窒素、酸素、および硫黄から選択される複素原子を環に有する5員環もしくは6員環の複素環カルボニル;アリールカルボニル、例えばベンゾイルのようなC6−C10−アリールカルボニル;またはアラルキルカルボニル、例えばベンジルカルボニル、もしくはフェニルエチルカルボニルのような、C6からC10−アリール−C1−C4−アルキルカルボニルを表す。
【0009】
本明細書中で用いられる“アシルオキシ”は、アルキルカルボニルオキシ、例えばC1−C8−アルキルカルボニルオキシ{式中、C1−C8−アルキルは、上記のC1−C8−アルキル基の1つであり得、任意に1もしくはそれ以上のハロゲン原子によって置換され得る};シクロアルキルカルボニルオキシ、例えばC3−C8−シクロアルキルカルボニルオキシ{式中、C3−C8−シクロアルキルは、例えばシクロプロピル、シクロブチル、シクロペンチル、シクロヘキシル、シクロヘプチル、またはシクロオクチルであり得る};フリルカルボニルオキシ、またはピリジルカルボニルオキシのような、窒素、酸素、および硫黄から選択される1もしくは2個の複素原子を環に有する、5員環もしくは6員環の複素環カルボニルオキシ;アリールカルボニルオキシ、例えばベンゾイルオキシのようなC6−C10−アリールカルボニルオキシ;またはアラルキルカルボニルオキシ、例えばベンジルカルボニルオキシ、またはフェニルエチルカルボニルオキシのような、C6からC10−アリール−C1−C4−アルキルカルボニルオキシを表す。好ましくは、アシルオキシは、C1−C4−アルキルカルボニルオキシである。
【0010】
本明細書で用いられる“ハロゲン”は、フッ素、塩素、臭素、またはヨウ素で有り得る。好ましくは、フッ素または塩素である。
【0011】
Arは、例えば、ハロゲン、シアノ、C1−C8−アルキル、またはC1−C8−ハロアルキルから選択される、1もしくはそれ以上の、例えば1、2、もしくは3個の置換基によって、任意に置換されているフェニルであり得るか、またはArはナフチルであり得る。Arは、好ましくは示されたチアゾール環に対してメタ位もしくはパラ位で、好ましくはハロゲン、シアノ、またはC1−C8−アルキルによって、任意に置換されているフェニルである。
【0012】
R1は、例えば、水素か、ハロゲン、シアノ、ヒドロキシ、C1−C8−アルキル、C1−C8−ハロアルキル、C1−C8−アルコキシ、C1−C8−アルコキシ−C1−C8−アルキル、カルボキシ、C1−C8−アルコキシカルボニル、またはC1−C8−アルキルカルボニルオキシによって、任意に置換されているフェニルか、または、C1−C8−アルキル、ヒドロキシ、C1−C8−アルコキシ、またはC1−C8−アルコキシ−C1−C8−アルコキシから選択される、1もしくはそれ以上の置換基によって任意に置換されている、ピロリル、トリアゾリル、ピリジル、オキソピリジル、ピペリジル、ピリダジニル、ピリミジニル、ピラジニル、ピラゾリル、ピラゾリニル、ピペラジニル、モルホリニル、フリル、ピラニル、チエニル、またはチアゾリルのような、窒素、酸素、および硫黄から選択される、1、2、もしくは3個の環複素原子を有する、1価の5員環もしくは6員環の複素環であり得る。好ましくは、R1は、水素か、シアノもしくはC1−C4−アルコキシによって任意に置換されているフェニルか、または1価の6員環のN−複素環、好ましくは複素芳香環であり、特にピリジル、C1−C4−アルキルピリジル、ジ(C1−C4−アルキル)ピリジル、C1−C4−アルコキシピリジル、ピラジニル、C1−C4−アルキルピラジニル、C1−C4−アルコキシピラジニル、またはC1−C4−アルコキシ−C1−C4−アルコキシピラジニルである。
【0013】
R2は、例えば、水素、C1−C8−アルキル、ホルミル、C1−C8−アルキルカルボニル、C1−C8−ハロアルキルカルボニル、C3−C8−シクロアルキルカルボニル、フェニル部分がハロゲン、シアノ、ヒドロキシ、C1−C8−アルキル、またはC1−C8−アルコキシによって任意に置換されているフェニルカルボニル、複素環が5員環もしくは6員環であって、かつ窒素、酸素、および硫黄から選択される、1もしくは2個の環複素原子を有する複素環カルボニル、または−CON(R3)R4であり得る。好ましくは、R2は、水素、C1−C4−アルキルカルボニル、C3−C6−シクロアルキルカルボニル、フェニル基がC1−C8−アルコキシによって任意に置換されているフェニルカルボニル、または、フリルカルボニル、テトラヒドロフリルカルボニル、C1−C4−アルキルフリルカルボニル、チエニルカルボニル、C1−C4−アルキルチエニルカルボニル、N−(C1−C4−アルキル)ピロリルカルボニル、およびピリジルカルボニルのような、複素環が5員環もしくは6員環であって、かつ窒素、酸素、および硫黄から選択される、1個の環複素原子を有する複素環カルボニルである。
【0014】
存在するならば、R3とR4は、それぞれ独立に、例えば、水素、またはC1−C4−アルキルであり得るか、またはそれらが結合している窒素原子と共に5員環の複素環、例えばピロリル またはピロリジニルを、もしくは6員環の複素環、例えばピリジル、ピペリジル、ピペラジニル、またはモルホリニルを表し得る。好ましくは、R3とR4は、存在するならば、それぞれC1−C8−アルキル、特にメチルであるか、またはそれらが結合している窒素原子と共に6員環の複素環、特にピリジルを表す。
【0015】
Z1、Z2、Z3、およびZ4のうちの2つもしくはそれ以上は、CR5を表し、CR5は、同じもしくは異なり得る。好ましくは、R5は、水素もしくはC1−C4−アルキルである。好ましくは、Z1とZ3は、それぞれNを表し、そしてZ2とZ4は、それぞれ独立にCR5を表すか、またはZ2がNを表し、かつZ1、Z3、およびZ4は、それぞれ独立にCR5{式中、R5は、水素またはC1−C4−アルキルである}を表す。特に好ましい具体的態様において、Z1とZ3は、それぞれNを表し、かつZ2とZ4は、それぞれCHを表すか、またはZ1はCR5{式中、R5は、水素またはC1−C4−アルキルである}を表し、Z2はNを表し、かつZ3とZ4は、それぞれCHを表す。
【0016】
式Iの好ましい、遊離形もしくは塩形である化合物は、
式中、Arは、ハロゲンもしくはシアノによって、任意に置換されているフェニルであり;
R1は、水素か、シアノもしくはC1−C4−アルコキシによって、任意に置換されているフェニルか、または1価の6員環のN−複素環であり;
R2は、水素、C1−C4−アルキルカルボニル、C3−C6−シクロアルキルカルボニル、フェニル基がC1−C4−アルコキシによって任意に置換されているフェニルカルボニル、または複素環が5員環もしくは6員環であって、かつ窒素、酸素、および硫黄から選択される、1もしくは2個の環複素原子を有する複素環カルボニルであり;そして
Z1とZ3はそれぞれNを表し、かつZ2とZ4はそれぞれCHを表すか、またはZ1はCR5{式中、R5は、水素またはC1−C4−アルキルである}を表し、Z2はNを表し、かつZ3とZ4はそれぞれCHを表す;
化合物である。
【0017】
さらに好ましい式Iの遊離形もしくは塩形である化合物は、
式中、Arは、示されたチアゾール環に対してメタ位もしくはパラ位で、ハロゲンもしくはシアノによって置換されているフェニルであり;
R1は、1価の6員環のN−複素環であり;
R2は、水素であり;そして
Z1とZ3はそれぞれNを表し、かつZ2とZ4はそれぞれCHを表すか、またはZ1はCR5{式中、R5は、水素またはC1−C4−アルキルである}を表し、Z2はNを表し、かつZ3とZ4はそれぞれCHを表す;
化合物である。
【0018】
他のさらに好ましい式Iの遊離形もしくは塩形である化合物は、
式中、Arは、示されたチアゾール環に対してメタ位もしくはパラ位で、ハロゲンもしくはシアノによって置換されているフェニルであり;
R1は、水素であり;
R2は、フェニルがC1−C4−アルコキシによって任意に置換されているフェニルカルボニル、または複素環が5員環もしくは6員環であって かつ酸素および硫黄から選択される1個の環複素原子を有する複素環カルボニルであり;そして
Z1とZ3はそれぞれNを表し、かつZ2とZ4はそれぞれCHを表すか、またはZ1はCR5{式中、R5は、水素またはC1−C4−アルキルである}を表し、Z2はNを表し、かつZ3とZ4は、それぞれCHを表す;
化合物である。
特に好ましい特定の式Iの化合物は、以下の実施例で記載されている化合物である。
【0019】
式Iによって表される化合物は、酸付加塩、特に薬学的に許容される酸付加塩を形成し得る。式Iの化合物の薬学的に許容される酸付加塩は、無機酸の塩、例えば、フッ化水素酸、塩酸、臭化水素酸、もしくはヨウ化水素酸のようなハロゲン化水素酸、硝酸、硫酸、リン酸の塩;および有機酸の塩、例えば、蟻酸、酢酸、トリフルオロ酢酸、プロピオン酸、もしくは酪酸のような脂肪族カルボン酸、乳酸、クエン酸、酒石酸、もしくはリンゴ酸のような脂肪族ヒドロキシ酸、マレイン酸もしくはコハク酸のようなジカルボン酸、安息香酸、p−クロロ安息香酸、ジフェニル酢酸、もしくはトリフェニル酢酸のような芳香族カルボン酸、o−ヒドロキシ安息香酸、p−ヒドロキシ安息香酸、1−ヒドロキシナフタレン−2−カルボン酸、もしくは3−ヒドロキシナフタレン−2−カルボン酸のような芳香族ヒドロキシ酸、およびメタンスルホン酸もしくはベンゼンスルホン酸のようなスルホン酸の塩を含む。これらの塩は、式Iの化合物から、既知の塩形成方法によって製造され得る。
【0020】
酸性の基、例えばカルボキシル基を含む式Iの化合物はまた、塩基、特に当業界で周知の薬学的に許容される塩基と塩を形成し得る。適切な薬学的に許容される塩基は、金属塩、特にナトリウム、カリウム、マグネシウム、もしくはカルシウムの塩のような アルカリ金属もしくはアルカリ土類金属との塩、またはアンモニアとの塩、またはエタノールアミン、ベンジルアミン、もしくはピリジンのような、薬学的に許容される 有機アミンもしくは複素環塩基との塩を含む。これらの塩は、式Iの化合物から、既知の塩形成方法によって製造され得る。
【0021】
本発明は、別の態様において、遊離形もしくは塩形である式Iの化合物を製造する方法であって、
(i)(A)式中、R1が、任意に置換されているフェニル、または5員環もしくは6員環の複素環である、式Iの化合物を製造するために、式 II:
【化9】
[式中、Ar、Z1、Z2、Z3、およびZ4は、上記で定義した通りであり、そしてXは、ハロゲン、好ましくは臭素もしくはヨウ素である]の塩形である化合物、例えばそのハロゲン化水素酸塩を、式 III:
【化10】
[式中、R1が、ハロゲン、シアノ、ヒドロキシ、C1−C8−アルキル、C1−C8−ハロアルキル、C1−C8−アルコキシ、C1−C8−アルコキシ−C1−C8−アルキル、およびアシルオキシから選択される、任意に置換されているフェニルであるか、または1価の5員環もしくは6員環の複素環であり、そしてR2が、HもしくはC1−C8−アルキルである]の化合物と反応させ;または
(B)式中、R1が、任意に置換されているフェニルであるか、または5員環もしくは6員環の複素環である、式Iの化合物を製造するために、式 IV:
【化11】
[式中、Ar、R1、R2、およびXは、上記で定義した通りである]の化合物を、式V:
【化12】
[式中、Z1、Z2、Z3、およびZ4は、上記で定義した通りである]の化合物と反応させ;または
(C)式中、R2が、アシル、または−CON(R3)R4である、式Iの化合物を製造するために、式 VI:
【化13】
[式中、Ar、R1、Z1、Z2、Z3、およびZ4は、上記で定義した通りである]の化合物を、カルボン酸のアシル化誘導体、例えばその酸無水物もしくは酸塩化物と、または式:Cl−CON(R3)R4[式中、R3とR4は、上記で定義した通りである]の化合物と、それぞれ反応させ;そして
(ii)得られた遊離形もしくは塩形である式Iの化合物を回収する;
ことを含む方法を提供する。
【0022】
方法(A)は、有機溶媒中で、例えばエタノールのようなアルコール、またはピリジンのような第3級塩基中で行われ得る。適切な反応温度は、上昇温度であり、例えば50℃から溶媒の還流温度までである。
【0023】
方法(B)は、既知の方法を用いて、例えば反応物を任意に不活性な溶媒中で加熱することによって行われ得る。適切な反応温度は、例えば80から160℃である。
【0024】
方法(C)は、アミンとアシル化試薬との反応のための、既知の方法を用いて行われ得る。
【0025】
式 II の化合物は、式 VII:
【化14】
[式中、Ar、Z1、Z2、Z3、およびZ4は、上記で定義した通りである]の化合物を、ハロゲン X2、好ましくは臭素と反応させることによって製造され得る。このハロゲン化は、ケトンのα位のハロゲン化のための既知の方法、もしくはそれに類似する方法を用いて、例えば下記の実施例に記載された通りに行われ得る。この反応は、式 II の化合物と反応させるための式 III の化合物の存在下に実施して、式Iの化合物を直接生成させてもよい。
【0026】
式 III の化合物は、既知か、もしくは既知の方法によって得られるチオウレアである。例えば、式 III の化合物は、式 VIII:
【化15】
[式中、R1とR2は、上記で定義した通りである]の化合物を、ベンゾイルイソチオシアネートと反応させ、そして得られた生成物を、例えば水性のNaOHで加水分解し、ベンゾイル基をハロゲンに置換することによって製造され得る。ベンゾイルイソチオシアネートとの反応は、有機溶媒中で、例えばエタノールのようなアルコール中で行われ得る。適切な反応温度は、室温から溶媒の還流温度までであり、便宜的には35−45℃である。加水分解は、上昇温度で、例えば70℃から還流温度で、便宜的には還流温度で行われ得る。
【0027】
式 IV の化合物は、式 IX:
【化16】
[式中、ArとXは、上記で定義した通りである]の化合物を、式 II の化合物と式 III の化合物の反応で記載したような既知の方法を用いて、式 III の化合物と反応させ、得られたアミノチアゾールを、例えば既知の方法もしくはそれらの変法を用いて、例えば実施例に記載したように、臭素化することによって製造され得る。
【0028】
式Vの化合物は、市販されているか、もしくは既知の製法によって製造され得る既知の化合物である。式 VI の化合物は、上記の方法(A)もしくは(B)によって製造され得る。式 VII の化合物は、式 IX の化合物を、式Vの化合物のナトリウム誘導体と、実施例に記載したような既知の方法を用いて、反応させることによって製造され得る。式 VIII および式 IX の化合物は、既知であるか、または実施例に記載したような既知の方法によって得られる。
【0029】
式Iの化合物およびその薬学的に許容される塩は、医薬として有用である。特に、これらは、アデノシン A2b 受容体の活性の阻害を示す、すなわちこれらはA2b受容体アンタゴニストとして作用する。さらに、一般的に、これらはA2b受容体の活性を、アデノシン A1 受容体およびアデノシン A2a 受容体に対して、選択的に阻害する。これらの阻害の性質は、下記の試験方法で示され得る。
【0030】
アデノシン A2b 受容体 レポーター遺伝子アッセイ
a ) 中国ハムスターの卵巣 ( CHO ) のA2b細胞株の培養
ルシフェラーゼ発現レポータープラスミド(pCRE−LUCI)と、ヒトのアデノシン A2b 受容体構造遺伝子(pA2bRCV)をトランスフェクトしたCHO細胞を、ダルベッコ修飾イーグル培地(DMEM)(10%(v/v) ウシ胎児血清(FCS)、2mM L−グルタミン、0.4mg/ml L−プロリン、1nM 亜セレン酸ナトリウム、0.5mg/ml ハイグロマイシン B、および1mg/ml ジェネテシンを加えた)中で、37℃、5%CO2と100%湿度で通常通りに培養する。細胞は、コンフルエントまで増えるまで4−5日間そのままにする。得られた細胞を、トリプシン/EDTAを用いて継代し、1:5の比で分ける。
【0031】
b ) アッセイのための細胞の準備
アッセイを行う前に、CHO−A2b細胞を白色96ウェル View Plate tissue culture plates (Packard)上に、ウェル当たり50,000個の細胞密度で、50μlのDMEM中に置き、そしてプレートを37℃、5%CO2、100%湿度でインキュベートする。
【0032】
c ) 対照化合物と試験化合物の準備
ジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)中の、対照化合物 Xanthine Amine Cogener (XAC)の10mM溶液、および試験化合物の10mM溶液を準備する。溶液を、さらにDMSOで100μMまで希釈し、次に10μMまで希釈し、最後にアッセイ緩衝液(10μM ロリプラムと10U/ml アデノシン デアミナーゼ(ADA)を加えたフェノール レッドを含まないDMEM組織培養培地)で、250nMもしくは2.5μMまで希釈する。得られた溶液(40μl)を適切なウェル中の細胞に加え、ウェル当たりの最終濃度を100nMもしくは1μMとし、プレートを37℃、5%CO2、100%湿度でインキュベートする。
【0033】
d ) ルシフェラーゼレポーター遺伝子アッセイ
5’−N−エチルカルボキサミドアデノシン(NECA)であるアデノシン A2b アゴニストを、DMSO中10nM溶液として準備し、次にアッセイ緩衝液で100μMまで希釈する。この溶液を、アッセイ緩衝液で順に希釈し、100から0.01μMの1連のNECA濃度の溶液を10個作る。得られたNECA溶液の10μlを、上記の通りに準備した、CHO−A2b細胞と対照化合物もしくは試験化合物の混合物に加え、最終濃度をウェル当たり10から0.0005μMまでの範囲とする(プレインキュベート30分間)。細胞を37℃、5%CO2、100%湿度で3時間インキュベートし、cAMPの放出を誘発させ、次にcAMP結合タンパク質(CBP)に結合させ、そして得られた複合体を、レポータープラスミドと相互作用させ、ルシフェラーゼを発現させる。100μlのルシフェラーゼ・アッセイの基質である Steady−Glo (Promega)を全てのウェルに加え、細胞を溶解し、生成したルシフェラーゼの量に比例する蛍光を発生させる。プレートを最短で5分間そのままにし、その後 Topcount NXT microplate scintillation counter (Packard)の luminescence program で測定する。濃度−応答曲線を蛍光データから Activitybase software を用いてプロットし、そして試験したアンタゴニストのKB値を曲線の移動から計算する(KB=[アンタゴニスト]/(濃度の比−1)。
【0034】
下記の実施例の化合物は、レポーター遺伝子アッセイで、300nM未満のKB値を有する。例えば、実施例12、15、16、17、27、35、36、および38の化合物は、それぞれ31nM、20nM、24nM、26.5nM、10nM、4nM、17nM、および12nMのKB値を有する。
【0035】
一般的に、式Iの化合物の遊離形もしくは薬学的に許容される塩形はまた、アデノシン A3 受容体活性の阻害を示す。このことは、WO 99/64418 に記載されたアデノシン A3 受容体アッセイで示され得る。例えば実施例7、27、30、31、34、35、および38の化合物は、このアッセイ中で、それぞれ24nM、16nM、22nM、11.5nM、11nM、10nM、および4nMのKI値を有する。
【0036】
アデノシン A2b 受容体活性のこれらの阻害、および一般的なアデノシン A3 受容体活性のこれらの阻害に関して、式Iの化合物の遊離形もしくは薬学的に許容される塩形(以降本発明の薬剤と言う)は、アデノシン A2b受容体もしくはアデノシン A3 受容体の活性が介在する状態、特に炎症性もしくはアレルギー性状態の処置に有用である。本発明に従う処置は、症候的であっても予防的であってもよい。
【0037】
それゆえに、本発明の薬剤は、炎症性もしくは閉塞性気道疾患の処置に有用であり、その処置の結果、例えば組織の損傷や、気道の炎症、気管支の過反応性、再構築、もしくは疾患の進行を減少させる。本発明が適応可能な炎症性もしくは閉塞性気道疾患は、内因性(非アレルギー性)喘息と外因性(アレルギー性)喘息の両方と、軽度の喘息、中程度の喘息、重症の喘息、気管支炎喘息、運動誘発性喘息、職業性喘息、およびバクテリア感染後に誘発される喘息を含む、何れかのタイプの もしくは由来の喘息を含む。喘息の処置はまた、ゼイゼイいう症候を示し、そして“小児喘息”と診断される もしくは診断され得る、例えば4歳もしくは5歳未満の患者の処置を含むと解される。“小児喘息”は、主要な医学的関心を引いている確立された患者のカテゴリーであり、現在、初期型喘息として認められている(便宜的にこの特定の喘息状態を“小児喘息症候群”という)。
【0038】
喘息の処置における予防的な効果は、急性喘息などの症候的な発作 もしくは気管支収縮を伴う発作の、頻度もしくは重症度の減少、肺機能の改善、または改善された気道の過反応性によって明らかである。さらに、他の症候の治療、すなわち症候的な発作が起こった際に 発作を制限する もしくは中止することを意図した治療、例えば抗炎症剤(例えばコルチコステロイド)または気管支拡張剤などの要請を減少させることによっても明らかであり得る。喘息における予防の利点は、特に“朝型の発作”の傾向がある患者で明らかであり得る。“朝型の発作”は、認識されている喘息性症候群であり、喘息の多くの患者に一般的であり、そして約午前4時から6時の間の時間などの、すなわちその前になされた症候的喘息治療から 通常実質的に離れた時間での、喘息の発作に特徴付けられる。
【0039】
本発明が適応し得る他の炎症性もしくは閉塞性気道疾患および状態は、急性肺損傷(ALI)、成人呼吸困難症候群(ARDS)、慢性気管支炎もしくはそれらに関する呼吸困難を含む、慢性閉塞性肺疾患(COPD)、慢性閉塞性気道疾患(COAD)、もしくは慢性閉塞性肺疾患(COLD)、肺気腫、および他の薬物治療、特に他の吸入薬治療の結果生じる気道過反応性増悪を含む。本発明はまた、例えば急性、アラキジン酸性(arachidic)、カタル性、クループ性、慢性、もしくは結核様気管支炎を含む、何れかのタイプの もしくは由来の気管支炎の処置に適応可能である。さらに、本発明が適応可能な炎症性もしくは閉塞性気道疾患は、例えばアルミニウム肺症、炭肺症、石綿症、石肺症、羽毛症、鉄症、珪肺症、タバコ肺症、綿肺症などを含む、何れのタイプの もしくは由来の塵肺(気道閉塞をしばしば伴う、慢性もしくは急性の、塵埃を繰り返し吸入することによって引き起こされる、炎症性の、通常職業性の肺疾患)を含む。
【0040】
抗炎症性活性に関して、特に好酸球活性の阻害に関して、本発明の薬剤はまた、好酸球に関する疾患、例えば好酸球増加症、特に、気道および/または肺で起こる好酸球増加症、および 例えば Loeffler 症候群、好酸球性肺炎、寄生虫(特に後生動物)侵入(局所の好酸球増加症を含む)、気管支肺アスペルギルス症、結節性多発性動脈炎(Churg−Strauss 症候群を含む)、好酸球性肉芽腫、および薬物反応によって引き起こされる気道に起こる好酸球関連疾患の結果起こる、もしくはこれらに伴って起こる、気道の好酸球関連疾患などを起こすような好酸球増加症を含む、気道の好酸球関連疾患(例えば肺組織における好酸球の病的滲出を含む)の処置に有用である。
【0041】
本発明の薬剤はまた、皮膚の炎症性もしくはアレルギー性状態、例えば乾癬、接触性皮膚炎、アトピー性皮膚炎、円形脱毛症、多形紅斑、ヘルペス状皮膚炎、強皮症、白斑、過反応性脈管炎、蕁麻疹、類天疱瘡、エリテマトーデス、天疱瘡(pemphisus)、後天性表皮水疱症、および他の皮膚の炎症性もしくはアレルギー性状態などの処置に有用である。
【0042】
本発明の薬剤はまた、他の疾患もしくは状態、特に炎症性の要素を有する疾患もしくは状態の処置、例えば結膜炎、乾性角結膜炎、および春季結膜炎のような眼の疾患および状態、アレルギー性鼻炎を含む鼻に起こる疾患、および自己免疫性血液疾患(例えば血液性貧血、形成不能性貧血、赤芽球癆、および突発性血小板減少など)、全身性エリテマトーデス、多発性軟骨炎、硬化腫、ウェゲナー肉芽腫、皮膚筋炎、慢性急性肝炎、重症筋無力症、Steven−Johnson 症候群、突発性スプルー、自己免疫性炎症性腸疾患(例えば潰瘍性大腸炎やクローン病など)、内分泌性眼疾患、Grave 病、サルコイドーシス、肺胞炎、慢性過反応性間質性肺炎、多発性硬化症、初期胆嚢硬変、ブドウ膜炎(前面および後面)、乾性角結膜炎、および春季角結膜炎、間質性肺繊維症、乾癬性関節炎、および糸球体腎炎(ネフローゼ症候群を伴うおよび伴わない、例えば突発性ネフローゼ症候群、もしくは少変化の腎障害)を含む、自己免疫反応を含む、もしくは自己免疫の要素もしくは原因を有する炎症性疾患の処置などに用いられ得る。
【0043】
本発明の薬剤で処置され得る他の疾患もしくは状態は、例えばタイプI糖尿病(若年糖尿病)およびタイプ II 糖尿病などの糖尿病、下痢性疾患、虚血性/再潅流障害、糖尿病性網膜症もしくは高圧酸素誘発性網膜症のような網膜症、および眼圧の上昇もしくは眼房水の分泌によって特徴付けられる、緑内障のような状態を含む。
【0044】
本発明の薬剤の、例えば炎症性気道疾患などにおける炎症性状態を阻害する効果は、例えばSzarka et al, J. Immunol. Methods (1997) 202: 49−57; Renzi et al, Am. Rev.Respir. Dis. (1993) 148 : 932−939; Tsuyuki et al., J. Clin. Invest. (1995) 96: 2924−2931; および Cernadas et al (1999) Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 20: 1−8 に記載されたように、例えば気道の炎症もしくは他の炎症性状態の、マウスもしくはラットのモデルなどの動物モデルにおいて示され得る。
【0045】
本発明の薬剤はまた、併用薬として、抗炎症剤、気管支拡張剤、もしくは抗ヒスタミン薬のような他の薬剤と組み合わせて、例えば該薬剤の治療効果の強化剤として、または該薬剤の必要な用量もしくは副作用の可能性を減らす手段として、特に上記のような閉塞性もしくは炎症性気道疾患の処置に用いるのに有用である。本発明の薬剤は、固定化された医薬組成物において、他の薬剤と混合し得るか、または他の薬剤の前に、それと同時に、もしくはその後に別途投与され得る。それゆえに、本発明は、上記の通りの本発明の薬剤と、抗炎症剤、気管支拡張剤、もしくは抗ヒスタミン薬との組み合わせを含み、該本発明の薬剤および該薬剤は、同じもしくは異なる医薬組成物中に含まれる。抗炎症剤は、ステロイド、特にブデソニド、ベクロメタゾン(beclamethasone)、フルチカゾン、シクレソニド、もしくはモメタゾンのようなグルココルチコステロイド、US5451700 に記載されているようなLTB4アンタゴニスト、モンテルカストおよびザフィルルカストのようなLTD4アンタゴニスト、カベルゴリン、ブロモクリプチン、ロピニロール、および4−ヒドロキシ−7−[2−[[2−[[3−(2−フェニルエトキシ)プロピル]−スルホニル]エチル]−アミノ]エチル]−2(3H)−ベンゾチアゾロンとその薬学的に許容される塩(塩酸塩が、Viozan(登録商標) − AstraZenecaである)、および Ariflo(登録商標)(GlaxoSmith Kline)、Roflumilast (Byk Gulden)、V−11294A (Napp)、BAY19−8004 (Bayer), SCH−351591 (Schering Plough)、および PD189659 (Parke−Davis)のようなPDE4阻害剤を含む。気管支拡張剤は、抗コリン作動性薬もしくは抗ムスカリン薬、特に臭化イプラトロピウム、臭化オキシトロピウム、および臭化チオトロピウム(tiotropium)、およびサルブタモール、テルブタリン、サルメテロール、および特にフォルモテロールとその薬学的に許容される塩のような β2−アドレナリン受容体アゴニスト、およびPCT国際公開 WO 00/75114 (本明細書中で言及することによって組み込まれている)の式Iの化合物、好ましくはその実施例の化合物、特に式X:
【化17】
の化合物とその薬学的に許容される塩を含む。併用の抗ヒスタミン薬は、セチリジン塩酸塩、アセトアミノフェン、フマル酸クレマスチン、プロメタジン、ロラタジン(loratidine)、デスロラタジン(desloratidine)、ジフェニルヒドロアミン、およびフェキソフェナジン塩酸塩を含む。本発明の薬剤と、ステロイド、β2−アゴニスト、PDE4阻害剤、もしくはLTD4アンタゴニストの組み合わせは、例えばCOPDなどの処置に、特に喘息の処置に用いられ得る。本発明の薬剤と、抗コリン作動性薬もしくは抗ムスカリン薬、PDE4阻害剤、ドーパミン受容体アゴニスト、またはLTB4アンタゴニストの組み合わせは、例えば、喘息などの処置に、特にCOPDの処置に用いられ得る。
【0046】
本発明の薬剤と抗炎症剤の、他の有用な組み合わせは、例えばCCR−1、CCR−2、CCR−3、CCR−4、CCR−5、CCR−6、CCR−7、CCR−8、CCR−9、およびCCR10、CXCR1、CXCR2、CXCR3、CXCR4、CXCR5などのケモカイン受容体のアンタゴニストとの組み合わせであり、特に Schering−Plough アンタゴニストである SC−351125、SCH−55700、および SCH−D、N−[[4−[[[6,7−ジヒドロ−2−(4−メチルフェニル)−5H−ベンゾシクロヘプテン−8−イル]カルボニル]アミノ]フェニル]−メチル]テトラヒドロ−N,N−ジメチル−2H−ピラン−4−アミニウム塩化物(TAK−770)のような Takeda アンタゴニスト、および US6166037 (特に請求項18と19)、WO 00/66558 (特に請求項8)、および WO 00/66559 (特に請求項9)に記載されているCCR−5アンタゴニストのような、CCR−5アンタゴニストとの組み合わせである。
【0047】
前述に従って、本発明はまた、アドレナリン A2b 受容体、および/またはアドレナリン A3 受容体の活性が介在する状態、例えば炎症性もしくはアレルギー性状態、特に炎症性もしくは閉塞性気道疾患を処置する方法であって、該処置が必要な患者、特にヒトに、式Iの化合物を、遊離形もしくは薬学的に許容される塩形で、投与することを含む方法を提供する。別の態様において、本発明は、アドレナリン A2b受容体、および/またはアドレナリン A3 受容体の活性が介在する状態、特に炎症性もしくは閉塞性気道疾患を処置する医薬の製造において使用するための、遊離形もしくは薬学的に許容される塩形の式Iの化合物を提供する。
【0048】
本発明の薬剤は、適切な経路によって、例えば錠剤もしくはカプセルの形態で経口で;例えば静脈でなどの非経腸で;例えば炎症性もしくは閉塞性気道疾患の処置において、吸入によって;例えばアレルギー性鼻炎の処置において、鼻腔内に;例えばアトピー性皮膚炎の処置において、皮膚に局所に;または炎症性腸疾患の処置において、直腸に、投与され得る。
【0049】
さらなる態様において、本発明はまた、任意に薬学的に許容される希釈剤もしくは担体と共に、遊離形もしくは薬学的に許容される塩形の式Iの化合物を含む医薬組成物を提供する。本組成物は、上記のような 抗炎症剤、気管支拡張剤、または抗ヒスタミン剤のような併用薬を含み得る。該組成物は、慣用の希釈剤もしくは賦形剤と、製薬業界で既知の方法を用いて製造され得る。従って、経口投与形は、錠剤およびカプセルを含み得る。局所の投与のための製剤は、クリーム、軟膏、ゲル、またはパッチなどの経皮送達系の形態をとり得る。吸入のための組成物は、エアゾール、または他の噴霧可能な製剤、または乾燥粉末製剤を含み得る。
【0050】
本発明の実施において用いられる本発明の薬剤の用量は、例えば、処置すべき特定の状態、望まれる効果、および投与方法に依存して、当然に変化し得る。一般的に、経口投与のための適切な1日の用量は、0.1から10mg/kgのオーダーである。
【0051】
本発明は、下記の実施例によって表される。
実施例1−38
式 XI:
【化18】
でもある式Iの化合物は、下記の表で示され、その製法は下記に記載されている。表はまた、質量分析(MH+)データも示している。実施例は、臭化水素酸塩の形態である実施例10と25、およびトリフルオロ酢酸塩の形態である実施例33を除いて遊離形である。
【0052】
【表5】
【0053】
【表6】
【0054】
【表7】
【0055】
【表8】
【0056】
【表9】
【0057】
【表10】
【0058】
特定の実施例における製造方法:
実施例12:N−[4−(3−シアノ−フェニル)−5−[1, 2, 4]トリアゾール−1−イル−チアゾール−2−イル]−4−メトキシ−ベンズアミド
塩化 4−メトキシベンゾイル(0.16ml, 1.36mmol)を、乾燥ピリジン(1.5ml)中の、3−(2−アミノ−5−[1,2,4]トリアゾール−1−イル−チアゾール−4−イル)−ベンゾニトリル(0.15g, 0.56mmol)の溶液に加える。2時間攪拌後、反応混合物を熱エタノールで30分間トリチュレートし、次に固体をろ過によって集める。固体をエタノールで洗浄し、乾燥し、表題化合物を得る。
m.s.(MH+)=402;
m.p. 292−294℃;
実施例5、9、11、および22は、類似の方法で製造する。
【0059】
出発物質は以下のように製造する。
3−(2−アミノ−5−[1,2,4]トリアゾール−1−イル−チアゾール−4−イル)−ベンゾニトリル
エタノール中の、3−(2−ブロモ−2−[1,2,4]トリアゾール−1−イル−アセチル)−ベンゾニトリル 臭化水素酸塩(1.848g, 5.00mmol)と、チオウレア(0.46g, 1.2mol)の混合物を、95℃で、8時間加熱する。溶媒を真空下で除去し、泡沫を得て、それを3M 塩酸に溶解する。pH11になるまで濃アンモニア水を添加することによって、生成物を白色粉末として沈殿させる。
M.S.(MH+)=269.54;
【0060】
実施例15:3−[2−(6−メチル−ピリジン−2−イルアミノ)−5−[1,2,4]トリアゾール−1−イル−チアゾール−4−イル]−ベンゾニトリル
3−(2−ブロモ−2−[1,2,4]トリアゾール−1−イル−アセチル)−ベンゾニトリル 臭化水素酸塩(500mg, 1.34mmol)を、エタノール(5ml)に溶解する。(6−メチル−ピリジン−2−イル)−チオウレア(208mg, 1.34mmol)を加え、そして反応物を90℃で2時間加熱する。沈殿物を集め、エタノールで2回洗浄する。固体を水に懸濁し、濃アンモニア水で塩基性にし、得られた沈殿物を集め、水で洗浄し、乾燥後 表題化合物を得る。
MS(APCI+)=360.0;
m.p. 236−237℃;
【0061】
チオウレア出発物質は、以下のように製造する。
(6−メチル−ピリジン−2−イル)−チオウレア
6−メチル−ピリジン−2−イルアミン(1.0g, 9.2mmol)を、エタノール(10ml)に溶解し、そしてベンゾイルイソチオシアネート(1.24ml, 9.2mmol)を滴下する。混合物を攪拌しながら10分間40℃に加熱し、室温まで冷却する。溶媒を真空下で除去し、得られた固体を1M 水酸化ナトリウム(15ml)に溶解し、2時間還流した。得られた懸濁液をろ過し、固体を大量の水で、次に冷エタノールで洗浄する。固体を真空下で乾燥し、表題化合物を得る。
MS(APCI+)=168;
【0062】
実施例27:(3−[2−(ピラジン−2−イルアミノ)−5−[1,2,4]トリアゾール−1−イル−チアゾール−4−イル]−ベンゾニトリル)
3−([1,2,4]トリアゾール−1−イル−アセチル)−ベンゾニトリル(150mg, 0.7mmol)を、ジオキサン(640μl)に溶解し、臭素(19μl)を滴下する。次に、混合物を80℃で6時間加熱する。得られた懸濁液を室温まで冷却し、沈殿物をろ過によって単離する。この沈殿物、すなわち3−(2−ブロモ−2−[1,2,4]トリアゾール−1−イル−アセチル)−ベンゾニトリル 臭化水素酸塩(200mg, 0.5mmol)を、エタノール(2ml)に溶解する。ピラジン−2−イル−チオウレア(0.5mmol)を加え、反応物を80℃で10時間加熱する。エタノールを真空下で除去し、残さを3M HClでトリチュレートする。得られた懸濁液を濃アンモニア水で塩基性にし、得られた沈殿物をろ過し、水で、次に冷エタノールで洗浄する。得られた固体を真空下で乾燥し、表題化合物を得る。
m.p.>250℃;
m.s.(AP+)=347;
実施例3、6−8、10、13−14、17−18、20−21、24−26、および28−31は、適切な式 II および式 III の化合物から、類似の方法で製造される。
【0063】
出発物質は、下記のように製造する。
3−([1,2,4]トリアゾール−1−イル−アセチル)−ベンゾニトリル
3−シアノアセトフェノン(10.013g, 69mmol)を、ジオキサン(150ml)に溶解し、臭素(3.53ml)を加える。混合物を室温で30分間攪拌し、溶媒を真空下で除去し、残さをアセトニトリル(100ml)に溶解する。トリアゾール ナトリウム(7g)を加え、混合物を室温で一晩攪拌する。混合物をろ過し、得られた固体を廃棄する。ろ液を乾固するまで蒸留し、固体の残さを加熱しながら3M HCl(500ml)に溶解する。水層をゴム状の残さからデカンテーションし、酢酸エチルで洗浄する。次に水層を濃アンモニア水で塩基性にし、得られた沈殿物をろ過し、水で洗浄する。この沈殿物を真空で乾燥し、3−([1,2,4]トリアゾール−1−イル−アセチル)−ベンゾニトリルを得る。
m.p. 172−173℃;
m.s.(AP+)=213;
式 II の他の化合物を、適切なアセトフェノンから、類似の方法で製造する。
【0064】
ピラジン−2−イル−チオウレア
アミノピラジン(2g, 21.03mmol)を、エタノール(20ml)に溶解し、ベンゾイルイソチオシアネート(2.82ml)を滴下する。混合物を攪拌しながら80℃で10分間加熱し、次に室温まで冷却する。溶媒を真空下で除去し、得られた固体を1M 水酸化ナトリウム(30ml)に溶解し、1時間還流する。得られた懸濁液をろ過し、固体を水と少量の冷メタノールで洗浄する。固体を真空下で乾燥し、表題化合物を得る。
m.p. 239−239.5℃;
m.s.(AP+)=138(M+−NH3);
式 III の他のチオウレアを、適切な出発アミンから類似の方法で製造する。
【0065】
実施例35:(3−[5−(2−メチル−イミダゾール−1−イル)−2−(ピラジン−2−イルアミノ)−チアゾール−4−イル]−ベンゾニトリル)
3−[5−ブロモ−2−(ピラジン−2−イルアミノ)−チアゾール−4−イル]−ベンゾニトリル(250mg, 0.698mmol)と、2−メチルイミダゾール(573mg, 6.98mmol)を合わせて、熔融状態で、150℃で16時間加熱する。得られた個体をフラッシュクロマトグラフィーによって精製し、表題化合物を粉末として得る。
m.p. 276−276.5℃;
m.s.(TOF, ES+)=360;
実施例1、2、および32−34を、適切な式 IV および式Vの化合物の反応によって、類似の方法で製造する。
【0066】
出発物質を、下記の方法で製造する。
3−[2−(ピラジン−2−イルアミノ)−チアゾール−4−イル]−ベンゾニトリル
3−アセチルベンゾニトリル(1.0g, 6.88mmol)を、ジオキサン(15ml)に溶解し、定速攪拌しながら臭素(353μl, 6.88mmol)を滴下する。反応物を30分間攪拌し、次にジオキサンを減圧下で蒸留する。得られたスラリーをエタノール(15ml)に溶解し、ピラジニル−2−チオウレア(1.0g, 6.88mmol)を加える。反応物を80℃で30分間加熱し、室温まで冷却し、減圧下でエタノールを蒸留して除く。固体を3M HClに懸濁し、アンモニア水で塩基性にする。得られた沈殿物をろ過し、大量の水と冷エタノールで洗浄する。熱メタノールでトリチュレートし、次に乾燥し、表題化合物を得る。
m.p. 203−204℃;
m.s.(ES+)=280;
【0067】
3−[5−ブロモ−2−(ピラジン−2−イルアミノ)−チアゾール−4−イル]−ベンゾニトリル
3−[2−(ピラジン−2−イルアミノ)−チアゾール−4−イル]−ベンゾニトリル(1.5g, 5.36mmol)を、熱氷酢酸(10ml)に懸濁し、臭素(0.275ml)を室温で攪拌しながら滴下する。得られた懸濁液を室温で10分間攪拌する。水(約100ml)を混合物に加え、固体の炭酸カリウムでpH9になるまで塩基性にする。得られた沈殿物をろ過し、水で洗浄し、3−[5−ブロモ−2−(ピラジン−2−イルアミノ)−チアゾール−4−イル]−ベンゾニトリルを得る。
m.p. 215℃(分解);
m.s.(ES+, M+−Br)=279;
他の式 IV の化合物を、適切な式 IX および式 III の化合物から、類似の方法で製造する。
【0068】
実施例36:1−メチル−1H−ピロール−2−カルボン酸 [4−(3−シアノ−フェニル)−5−[1,2,4]トリアゾール−1−イル−チアゾール−2−イル]−アミド
塩化 1−メチル−1H−ピロール−2−カルボニル(110mg)を、乾燥ピリジン(0.5ml)中の3−(2−アミノ−5−[1,2,4]トリアゾール−1−イル−チアゾール−4−イル)−ベンゾニトリル(50mg, 0.19mmol)の溶液に加える。16時間攪拌後、水(10ml)を加える。3日後、沈殿物を集め、水で洗浄する。得られたケーキを還流エタノールで20分間トリチュレートし、ろ過し、エタノールで洗浄する。固体を飽和炭酸水素ナトリウムでトリチュレートし、ろ過し、水で洗浄し、乾燥し、表題化合物を得る。
MS(MH+)=376;
m.p. 245−247℃;
実施例4−5、16、19、および23を、類似の方法で製造する。
【0069】
実施例37:3−[2−(6−メトキシ−ピラジン−2−イルアミノ)−5−[1,2,4]トリアゾール−1−イル−チアゾール−4−イル]ベンゾニトリル
3−(2−ブロモ−2−[1,2,4]トリアゾール−1−イル−アセチル)−ベンゾニトリル 臭化水素酸塩(250mg, 0.67mmol)を、エタノール(2ml)に溶解する。(6−メトキシ−ピラジン−2−イル)−チオウレア(0.67mmol)を加え、反応物を80℃で10時間加熱する。エタノールを真空下で除去し、残さを3M HClでトリチュレートする。得られた懸濁液を濃アンモニア水で塩基性にし、得られた沈殿物をろ過し、水で、次に冷エタノールで洗浄する。得られた固体を熱エタノールでトリチュレートし、真空下で乾燥し、表題化合物を得る。
MS(APCI+)=377.1;
実施例38を類似の方法で製造する。
【0070】
チオウレア出発物質を以下のように製造する。
(6−メトキシ−ピラジン−2−イル)−チオウレア
6−メトキシ−ピラジン−2−イルアミン(0.85g, 6.8mmol)を、エタノール(7ml)に溶解し、ベンゾイルイソチオシアネート(0.91ml)を滴下する。混合物を攪拌しながら80℃で10分間加熱する。溶媒を真空下で除去し、得られた固体を1M 水酸化ナトリウム(15ml)に溶解し、1時間還流する。得られた懸濁液をろ過し、固体を水と少量の冷エタノールで洗浄する。固体を真空下で乾燥し、表題化合物を得る。
【0071】
実施例39:(3−[5−(2−メチル−イミダゾール−1−イル)−2−(ピラジン−2−イルアミノ)−チアゾール−4−イル]−ベンゾニトリル)メタンスルホン酸塩
(3−[5−(2−メチル−イミダゾール−1−イル)−2−(ピラジン−2−イルアミノ)−チアゾール−4−イル]−ベンゾニトリル(1g, 2.78mmol)を、沸騰ペンタノール(25ml)に懸濁し、熱ろ過し、透明な溶液を得る。メタンスルホン酸(0.2ml, 3.06mmol)を加え、混合物を室温まで冷却し、固体を沈殿させる。ジエチルエーテル(25ml)を攪拌しながら加え、固体をろ過して除き、ジエチルエーテルで洗浄し、次にジエチルエーテル(25ml)でトリチュレートする。得られた固体をろ過し、真空下で乾燥し、沸騰アセトン(20ml)に懸濁する。水(2ml)、次にアセトン(5ml)を加え、得られた溶液を4℃まで冷却する。得られた固体をろ過し、アセトンで洗浄し、真空下、80℃でP2O5で乾燥し、表題化合物を得る。
m.p. 282℃;
【0072】
出発物質を以下のように製造する。
3−(2−メチルイミダゾール−1−イル−アセチル)−ベンゾニトリル
3−アセチルベンゾニトリル(50g, 0.345mol)を、攪拌しながら、室温でジオキサン(600ml)に溶解し、臭素(17.7ml, 0.345mol)を加え、混合物を30分間攪拌する。ジオキサンを真空下で除去し、固体を得て、アセトニトリル(300ml)に溶解する。2−メチルイミダゾール(28.3g, 0.345mol)を溶液に加え、混合物を1時間攪拌し、混合物の温度を45℃に上げる。沈殿した固体をろ過し、アセトニトリルで洗浄し、メタノールで1時間スラリーにする。ろ過後、不溶の固体を除去し、ろ液を真空下で蒸留し、固体を得て、真空下、40℃で乾燥し、表題化合物を得る。
m.s.(MH+)=369;
【0073】
(3−[5−(2−メチル−イミダゾール−1−イル)−2−(ピラジン−2−イルアミノ)−チアゾール−4−イル]−ベンゾニトリル)
3−(2−メチルイミダゾール−1−イル−アセチル)−ベンゾニトリル(13.8g, 0.06mol)を、ピラジニル−2−チオウレア(9.4g, 0.06mol)と、ヨウ素(15.6g, 0.06mol)と、ピリジン(60ml)と混合する。混合物を、始めに室温で、次に60℃で一晩(17.5時間)攪拌する。得られた混合物を室温まで冷却し、水(50ml)を加える。得られた固体をろ過し、水(50ml)中で30分間攪拌し、再度ろ過する。得られた固体を、真空下、40℃でP2O5で乾燥し、表題化合物を得る。[0001]
The present invention relates to an organic compound, its production and its use as a medicament.
In one embodiment, the present invention provides compounds of formula I:
[Chemical 8]
[Where:
Ar is monovalent C6-C15An aromatic group;
R1Is hydrogen, halogen, cyano, hydroxy, C1-C8-Alkyl, C1-C8-Haloalkyl, C1-C8-Alkoxy, C1-C8-Alkoxy-C1-C8-Phenyl optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from alkyl or acyloxy or a monovalent 5- or 6-membered heterocycle;
R2Is hydrogen, C1-C8-Alkyl, acyl, or -CON (R3) R4And R2Is C1-C8-Alkyl, acyl, or -CON (R3) R4Then R1Is hydrogen;
R3And R4Each independently represents hydrogen or C1-C8-Represents an alkyl or a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached;
Z1, Z2, Z3, And Z4Are independently N or CR5{Where R is5Is hydrogen, C1-C8-Alkyl or C1-C8-Alkoxy}, at least one of which is CR5Is a free form or a salt form.
[0002]
The terms used in this specification have the following meanings.
As used herein, “C1-C8-Alkyl ”means linear or branched C1-C8-Alkyl, for example methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, linear or branched pentyl, linear or branched hexyl, linear or branched heptyl Or linear or branched octyl. Preferably, C1-C8-Alkyl is C1-C4-Alkyl.
[0003]
As used herein, “C1-C8-Alkoxy "is linear or branched C1-C8-Alkoxy, for example, methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, isobutoxy, sec-butoxy, tert-butoxy, linear or branched pentoxy, linear or branched hexyloxy, linear or It can be branched heptyloxy or linear or branched octyloxy. Preferably, C1-C8-Alkoxy is C1-C4Alkoxy.
[0004]
As used herein, “C1-C8-Haloalkyl "is a C, as defined above, substituted by one or more halogen atoms, preferably by 1, 2 or 3 halogen atoms, preferably by fluorine or chlorine atoms.1-C8-Represents alkyl. Preferably, C1-C8-Haloalkyl is C substituted by 1, 2 or 3 fluorine or chlorine atoms1-C4-Alkyl.
[0005]
As used herein, “C1-C8-Alkoxy-C1-C8-Alkyl ”is C as defined above.1-C8-C as defined above, substituted by alkoxy1-C8-Represents alkyl.
[0006]
As used herein, “C1-C8-Alkoxy-C1-C8-Alkoxy "is C as defined above.1-C8-C as defined above, substituted by alkoxy1-C8-Represents alkoxy.
[0007]
As used herein, “C1-C8-Alkylcarbonyl "," C1-C8-Haloalkylcarbonyl "and" C1-C8-Alkoxycarbonyl "is a C as defined above each bonded by a carbon atom of the carbonyl group.1-C8-Alkyl, C1-C8-Haloalkyl or C1-C8-Represents alkoxy.
[0008]
As used herein, “acyl” refers to alkylcarbonyl, eg, C1-C8-Alkylcarbonyl {wherein C1-C8Alkyl is the above C1-C8-Can be one of the alkyl groups, optionally substituted by one or more halogen atoms}; cycloalkylcarbonyl, eg C3-C8-Cycloalkylcarbonyl {wherein C3-C8-Cycloalkyl may be, for example, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, or cyclooctyl}; one or more, preferably one or more, such as furylcarbonyl, methylthienylcarbonyl, or pyridylcarbonyl Two 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic carbonyl having in the ring a heteroatom selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur; arylcarbonyl, eg C such as benzoyl6-C10-Arylcarbonyl; or aralkylcarbonyl such as benzylcarbonyl or phenylethylcarbonyl, C6To C10-Aryl-C1-C4-Represents alkylcarbonyl.
[0009]
As used herein, “acyloxy” refers to alkylcarbonyloxy, such as C1-C8-Alkylcarbonyloxy {wherein C1-C8-Alkyl is C as defined above1-C8-Can be one of the alkyl groups, optionally substituted by one or more halogen atoms}; cycloalkylcarbonyloxy, eg C3-C8-Cycloalkylcarbonyloxy {wherein C3-C8-Cycloalkyl can be, for example, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, or cyclooctyl}; 1 or selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, such as furylcarbonyloxy, or pyridylcarbonyloxy 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic carbonyloxy having 2 heteroatoms in the ring; arylcarbonyloxy, eg C such as benzoyloxy6-C10-Arylcarbonyloxy; or aralkylcarbonyloxy, such as benzylcarbonyloxy, or phenylethylcarbonyloxy, C6To C10-Aryl-C1-C4-Represents alkylcarbonyloxy. Preferably, acyloxy is C1-C4-Alkylcarbonyloxy.
[0010]
As used herein, “halogen” can be fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine. Preferred is fluorine or chlorine.
[0011]
Ar is, for example, halogen, cyano, C1-C8-Alkyl or C1-C8It may be phenyl optionally substituted by one or more, for example 1, 2, or 3, substituents selected from haloalkyl or Ar may be naphthyl. Ar is preferably meta or para to the indicated thiazole ring, preferably halogen, cyano, or C1-C8-Phenyl optionally substituted by alkyl.
[0012]
R1Is, for example, hydrogen, halogen, cyano, hydroxy, C1-C8-Alkyl, C1-C8-Haloalkyl, C1-C8-Alkoxy, C1-C8-Alkoxy-C1-C8-Alkyl, carboxy, C1-C8-Alkoxycarbonyl or C1-C8Phenyl optionally substituted by alkylcarbonyloxy or C1-C8-Alkyl, hydroxy, C1-C8-Alkoxy or C1-C8-Alkoxy-C1-C8-Pyrrolyl, triazolyl, pyridyl, oxopyridyl, piperidyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyrazolyl, pyrazolinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, furyl, pyranyl optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from alkoxy Can be a monovalent 5- or 6-membered heterocycle having 1, 2, or 3 ring heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, such as thienyl, or thiazolyl . Preferably R1Is hydrogen, cyano or C1-C4Phenyl optionally substituted by alkoxy or a monovalent 6-membered N-heterocycle, preferably a heteroaromatic ring, in particular pyridyl, C1-C4-Alkylpyridyl, di (C1-C4-Alkyl) pyridyl, C1-C4-Alkoxypyridyl, pyrazinyl, C1-C4-Alkylpyrazinyl, C1-C4-Alkoxypyrazinyl or C1-C4-Alkoxy-C1-C4-Alkoxypyrazinyl.
[0013]
R2Is, for example, hydrogen, C1-C8-Alkyl, formyl, C1-C8-Alkylcarbonyl, C1-C8-Haloalkylcarbonyl, C3-C8-Cycloalkylcarbonyl, phenyl moiety is halogen, cyano, hydroxy, C1-C8-Alkyl or C1-C8Phenylcarbonyl optionally substituted by alkoxy, heterocycle having one or two ring heteroatoms, wherein the heterocycle is a 5- or 6-membered ring and is selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur Carbonyl or -CON (R3) R4It can be. Preferably R2Is hydrogen, C1-C4-Alkylcarbonyl, C3-C6-Cycloalkylcarbonyl, phenyl group is C1-C8Phenylcarbonyl optionally substituted by alkoxy, or furylcarbonyl, tetrahydrofurylcarbonyl, C1-C4-Alkylfurylcarbonyl, thienylcarbonyl, C1-C4-Alkylthienylcarbonyl, N- (C1-C4-Alkyl) pyrrolylcarbonyl, and heterocycles having one ring heteroatom where the heterocycle is a 5- or 6-membered ring and is selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur Carbonyl.
[0014]
R, if present3And R4Are each independently, for example, hydrogen or C1-C4-Alkyl or may represent a 5-membered heterocycle, such as pyrrolyl or pyrrolidinyl, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, or a 6-membered heterocycle, such as pyridyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, or morpholinyl . Preferably R3And R4Are each C if present1-C8-Alkyl, in particular methyl, or together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached represents a 6-membered heterocycle, in particular pyridyl.
[0015]
Z1, Z2, Z3, And Z42 or more of these are CR5Represents CR5Can be the same or different. Preferably R5Is hydrogen or C1-C4-Alkyl. Preferably Z1And Z3Each represents N and Z2And Z4Are independently CR5Or Z2Represents N and Z1, Z3, And Z4Are independently CR5{Where R is5Is hydrogen or C1-C4-Represents an alkyl}. In a particularly preferred embodiment, Z1And Z3Each represents N and Z2And Z4Each represents CH or Z1Is CR5{Where R is5Is hydrogen or C1-C4Represents -alkyl}, Z2Represents N and Z3And Z4Each represents CH.
[0016]
Preferred compounds of formula I in free or salt form are
Wherein Ar is phenyl optionally substituted with halogen or cyano;
R1Is hydrogen, cyano or C1-C4-Phenyl optionally substituted by alkoxy, or a monovalent 6-membered N-heterocycle;
R2Is hydrogen, C1-C4-Alkylcarbonyl, C3-C6-Cycloalkylcarbonyl, phenyl group is C1-C4Phenylcarbonyl optionally substituted by alkoxy, or heterocycle having one or two ring heteroatoms, wherein the heterocycle is a 5- or 6-membered ring and is selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur A ring carbonyl; and
Z1And Z3Each represents N and Z2And Z4Each represents CH or Z1Is CR5{Where R is5Is hydrogen or C1-C4Represents -alkyl}, Z2Represents N and Z3And Z4Each represents CH;
A compound.
[0017]
Further preferred compounds of formula I in free or salt form are
Wherein Ar is phenyl substituted at the meta or para position with the indicated thiazole ring by halogen or cyano;
R1Is a monovalent 6-membered N-heterocycle;
R2Is hydrogen; and
Z1And Z3Each represents N and Z2And Z4Each represents CH or Z1Is CR5{Where R is5Is hydrogen or C1-C4Represents -alkyl}, Z2Represents N and Z3And Z4Each represents CH;
A compound.
[0018]
Other more preferred compounds of the free form or salt form of formula I are
Wherein Ar is phenyl substituted at the meta or para position with the indicated thiazole ring by halogen or cyano;
R1Is hydrogen;
R2Is phenyl is C1-C4-Phenylcarbonyl optionally substituted by alkoxy, or heterocycle carbonyl having one ring heteroatom, wherein the heterocycle is a 5- or 6-membered ring and selected from oxygen and sulfur;
Z1And Z3Each represents N and Z2And Z4Each represents CH or Z1Is CR5{Where R is5Is hydrogen or C1-C4Represents -alkyl}, Z2Represents N and Z3And Z4Each represents CH;
A compound.
Particularly preferred specific compounds of formula I are those described in the examples below.
[0019]
The compounds represented by Formula I can form acid addition salts, particularly pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts. Pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts of the compounds of formula I include inorganic acid salts such as hydrohalic acids such as hydrofluoric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, or hydroiodic acid, nitric acid, Salts of sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid; and salts of organic acids, eg fatty acids such as formic acid, acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, propionic acid or butyric acid, lactic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid or malic acid Dicarboxylic acids such as aromatic hydroxy acids, maleic acids or succinic acids, benzoic acids, p-chlorobenzoic acids, diphenylacetic acids, aromatic carboxylic acids such as triphenylacetic acid, o-hydroxybenzoic acids, p-hydroxybenzoic acids Aromatic hydroxy acids such as 1-hydroxynaphthalene-2-carboxylic acid or 3-hydroxynaphthalene-2-carboxylic acid, and methanes It includes salts of sulfonic acids such as acid or benzenesulfonic acid. These salts can be prepared from compounds of formula I by known salt forming methods.
[0020]
Compounds of formula I that contain acidic groups, such as carboxyl groups, can also form salts with bases, particularly pharmaceutically acceptable bases well known in the art. Suitable pharmaceutically acceptable bases are metal salts, in particular salts with alkali metals or alkaline earth metals such as sodium, potassium, magnesium or calcium salts, or salts with ammonia, or ethanolamine, benzyl. Includes salts with amines or pharmaceutically acceptable organic amines or heterocyclic bases, such as pyridine. These salts can be prepared from compounds of formula I by known salt forming methods.
[0021]
The present invention, in another aspect, is a process for preparing a compound of formula I in free or salt form, comprising
(I) In formula (A), R1In order to prepare compounds of formula I, wherein is an optionally substituted phenyl, or a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle, Formula II:
[Chemical 9]
[Wherein Ar, Z1, Z2, Z3, And Z4Is as defined above and X is a halogen, preferably bromine or iodine], for example, a hydrohalide salt thereof, of formula III:
[Chemical Formula 10]
[Wherein R1Is halogen, cyano, hydroxy, C1-C8-Alkyl, C1-C8-Haloalkyl, C1-C8-Alkoxy, C1-C8-Alkoxy-C1-C8-Optionally substituted phenyl selected from alkyl and acyloxy, or a monovalent 5- or 6-membered heterocycle, and R2Is H or C1-C8Reaction with a compound of -alkyl; or
(B) where R1In order to prepare compounds of formula I, wherein is an optionally substituted phenyl, or a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle, Formula IV:
Embedded image
[Wherein Ar, R1, R2And X is as defined above], a compound of formula V:
Embedded image
[Where Z1, Z2, Z3, And Z4Is as defined above]; or
(C) where R2Is acyl or -CON (R3) R4To produce a compound of formula I, formula VI:
Embedded image
[Wherein Ar, R1, Z1, Z2, Z3, And Z4Is as defined above] with an acylated derivative of a carboxylic acid, such as an acid anhydride or acid chloride thereof, or a compound of the formula Cl-CON (R3) R4[Wherein R3And R4Are each as defined above; and
(Ii) recovering the resulting compound of formula I in free or salt form;
A method comprising:
[0022]
Method (A) can be carried out in an organic solvent, for example in an alcohol such as ethanol, or in a tertiary base such as pyridine. A suitable reaction temperature is an elevated temperature, for example from 50 ° C. to the reflux temperature of the solvent.
[0023]
Method (B) can be carried out using known methods, for example by heating the reactants, optionally in an inert solvent. A suitable reaction temperature is, for example, 80 to 160 ° C.
[0024]
Method (C) can be carried out using known methods for the reaction of amines with acylating reagents.
[0025]
The compound of formula II is of formula VII:
Embedded image
[Wherein Ar, Z1, Z2, Z3, And Z4Is as defined above] with a halogen X2, Preferably by reacting with bromine. This halogenation can be carried out using known methods for halogenation of the α-position of the ketone, or methods analogous thereto, for example as described in the examples below. This reaction may be carried out in the presence of a compound of formula III to react with a compound of formula II to produce the compound of formula I directly.
[0026]
The compounds of formula III are thioureas known or obtainable by known methods. For example, the compound of formula III is of formula VIII:
Embedded image
[Wherein R1And R2Is as defined above] and can be prepared by reacting the resulting product with benzoyl isothiocyanate and hydrolyzing the resulting product with, for example, aqueous NaOH, replacing the benzoyl group with a halogen. . The reaction with benzoyl isothiocyanate can be carried out in an organic solvent, for example in an alcohol such as ethanol. Suitable reaction temperatures are from room temperature to the reflux temperature of the solvent, conveniently 35-45 ° C. The hydrolysis can be carried out at an elevated temperature, for example from 70 ° C. to reflux temperature, conveniently at reflux temperature.
[0027]
The compound of formula IV has the formula IX:
Embedded image
Reaction of a compound of formula III with a compound of formula III using known methods as described in the reaction of a compound of formula II with a compound of formula III, wherein Ar and X are as defined above. And the resulting aminothiazole can be prepared by bromination using, for example, known methods or variations thereof, eg as described in the examples.
[0028]
The compound of formula V is a known compound that is commercially available or can be prepared by known processes. Compounds of formula VI can be prepared by the method (A) or (B) described above. A compound of formula VII can be prepared by reacting a compound of formula IX with a sodium derivative of the compound of formula V using known methods as described in the Examples. Compounds of formula VIII and formula IX are known or can be obtained by known methods as described in the examples.
[0029]
The compounds of formula I and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts are useful as pharmaceuticals. In particular, they show an inhibition of the activity of the adenosine A2b receptor, ie they act as A2b receptor antagonists. Furthermore, in general, they selectively inhibit the activity of the A2b receptor against the adenosine A1 receptor and the adenosine A2a receptor. The nature of these inhibitions can be demonstrated by the following test methods.
[0030]
Adenosine A2b receptor reporter gene assay
a ) Chinese hamster ovary ( CHO ) Of A2b cell line
CHO cells transfected with luciferase expression reporter plasmid (pCRE-LUCI) and human adenosine A2b receptor structural gene (pA2bRCV) were treated with Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) (10% (v / v) fetal calf serum (FCS). ) 2 mM L-glutamine, 0.4 mg / ml L-proline, 1 nM sodium selenite, 0.5 mg / ml hygromycin B, and 1 mg / ml geneticin)) at 37 ° C., 5% CO2Incubate as usual at 100% humidity. Cells are left for 4-5 days until they grow to confluence. The resulting cells are passaged using trypsin / EDTA and split at a ratio of 1: 5.
[0031]
b ) Preparing cells for the assay
Prior to performing the assay, CHO-A2b cells were placed in white 96-well View Plate tissue culture plates (Packard) at a density of 50,000 cells per well in 50 μl DMEM and the plate at 37 ° C., 5 ° C. % CO2Incubate at 100% humidity.
[0032]
c ) Preparation of control and test compounds
Prepare a 10 mM solution of the control compound Xanthine Amine Cogener (XAC) and a 10 mM solution of the test compound in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The solution is further diluted to 100 μM with DMSO, then to 10 μM, and finally with assay buffer (DMEM tissue culture medium without phenol red with 10 μM rolipram and 10 U / ml adenosine deaminase (ADA)) Dilute to 250 nM or 2.5 μM. The resulting solution (40 μl) is added to the cells in the appropriate wells to a final concentration of 100 nM or 1 μM per well and the plate is incubated at 37 ° C., 5% CO 2.2Incubate at 100% humidity.
[0033]
d ) Luciferase reporter gene assay
An adenosine A2b agonist, 5'-N-ethylcarboxamide adenosine (NECA), is prepared as a 10 nM solution in DMSO and then diluted to 100 μM with assay buffer. This solution is sequentially diluted with assay buffer to make 10 solutions of 100 to 0.01 μM in a series of NECA concentrations. 10 μl of the resulting NECA solution is added to a mixture of CHO-A2b cells and control or test compound, prepared as above, with final concentrations ranging from 10 to 0.0005 μM per well (preincubation 30 Minutes). Cells are incubated at 37 ° C, 5% CO2Incubate for 3 hours at 100% humidity to induce release of cAMP, then bind to cAMP binding protein (CBP) and allow the resulting complex to interact with a reporter plasmid to express luciferase. Steady-Glo (Promega), a substrate for 100 μl of luciferase assay, is added to all wells to lyse cells and generate fluorescence proportional to the amount of luciferase produced. The plate is left for a minimum of 5 minutes and then measured with the luminescence program of the Topcount NXT microplate scintillation counter (Packard). A concentration-response curve was plotted from the fluorescence data using Activitybase software and the K of the tested antagonistBCalculate the value from the movement of the curve (KB= [Antagonist] / (Concentration ratio -1).
[0034]
The compounds of the examples below are less than 300 nM K in a reporter gene assay.BHas a value. For example, the compounds of Examples 12, 15, 16, 17, 27, 35, 36, and 38 have K of 31 nM, 20 nM, 24 nM, 26.5 nM, 10 nM, 4 nM, 17 nM, and 12 nM, respectively.BHas a value.
[0035]
In general, the free or pharmaceutically acceptable salt form of a compound of formula I also exhibits inhibition of adenosine A3 receptor activity. This can be shown in the adenosine A3 receptor assay described in WO 99/64418. For example, the compounds of Examples 7, 27, 30, 31, 34, 35, and 38 are 24 nM, 16 nM, 22 nM, 11.5 nM, 11 nM, 10 nM, and 4 nM, respectively, in this assay.IHas a value.
[0036]
With respect to these inhibitions of adenosine A2b receptor activity, and with respect to these inhibitions of general adenosine A3 receptor activity, the free or pharmaceutically acceptable salt forms of the compounds of formula I (hereinafter referred to as agents of the invention) Is useful for the treatment of conditions mediated by the activity of adenosine A2b receptor or adenosine A3 receptor, particularly inflammatory or allergic conditions. Treatment according to the present invention may be symptomatic or prophylactic.
[0037]
Therefore, the agents of the present invention are useful in the treatment of inflammatory or obstructive airway diseases, and the results of such treatment include, for example, tissue damage, airway inflammation, bronchial hyperreactivity, reconstruction, or disease. Reduce progression. Inflammatory or obstructive airway diseases to which the present invention can be applied include both endogenous (non-allergic) asthma and extrinsic (allergic) asthma, mild asthma, moderate asthma, severe asthma, bronchitis Includes asthma of any type or origin, including asthma, exercise-induced asthma, occupational asthma, and asthma induced after bacterial infection. Treatment of asthma is also understood to include treatment of patients who are symptomatic and diagnosed as “pediatric asthma”, for example, under the age of 4 or 5 years. “Pediatric asthma” is a well-established patient category that is of major medical interest and is now recognized as an early form of asthma (for convenience this particular asthma condition is called “pediatric asthma syndrome”). ).
[0038]
The prophylactic effect in the treatment of asthma is manifested by reduced frequency or severity, improved lung function, or improved airway hyperreactivity of symptomatic attacks such as acute asthma or attacks with bronchoconstriction. is there. In addition, the need for treatment of other symptoms, ie treatments intended to limit or stop seizures when symptomatic seizures occur, such as anti-inflammatory agents (eg corticosteroids) or bronchodilators, is reduced Can also be apparent. The benefits of prevention in asthma may be apparent especially in patients prone to “morning attacks”. “Morning seizures” is a recognized asthmatic syndrome that is common to many patients with asthma and is symptomatic made before, ie, between about 4 am and 6 am Characterized by an asthma attack, usually at a substantial distance from asthma treatment.
[0039]
Other inflammatory or obstructive airway diseases and conditions to which the present invention may be applied include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, including acute lung injury (ALI), adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), chronic bronchitis or dyspnea associated therewith (COPD), chronic obstructive airway disease (COAD), or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COLD), pulmonary emphysema, and other medications, particularly airway hyperresponsiveness resulting from other inhaled drug treatments. The present invention is also applicable to the treatment of any type of or derived bronchitis including, for example, acute, arachidinic, catarrhal, croupic, chronic or tuberculoid bronchitis. Further, the inflammatory or obstructive airway diseases to which the present invention can be applied include, for example, aluminum pneumonia, charcoal pneumonia, asbestosis, asbestosis, feather disease, iron disease, silicosis, tobacco pneumonia, pneumonia, etc. Including pneumoconiosis of any type or origin (inflammatory or normal occupational lung disease caused by repeated inhalation of dust, often with airway obstruction, often accompanied by airway obstruction).
[0040]
With regard to anti-inflammatory activity, in particular with respect to inhibition of eosinophil activity, the agents of the present invention can also be used for diseases related to eosinophils, such as eosinophilia, in particular eosinophilia occurring in the respiratory tract and / or lungs, And for example, Loeffler syndrome, eosinophilic pneumonia, parasite (especially metazoan) invasion (including local eosinophilia), bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, nodular polyarteritis (including Churg-Strauss syndrome) Eosinophilic granuloma, and eosinophilia that occurs as a result of or associated with eosinophil-related disease in the respiratory tract caused by drug reactions Is useful for the treatment of eosinophil-related diseases of the respiratory tract, including, for example, pathological exudation of eosinophils in lung tissue.
[0041]
The agents of the present invention also provide inflammatory or allergic conditions of the skin, such as psoriasis, contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, alopecia areata, erythema multiforme, herpes dermatitis, scleroderma, vitiligo, hyperreactivity It is useful in the treatment of vasculitis, urticaria, pemphigoid, lupus erythematosus, pemphisus, acquired epidermolysis bullosa, and other inflammatory or allergic conditions of the skin.
[0042]
The agents of the present invention also include treatment of other diseases or conditions, particularly diseases or conditions having an inflammatory component, such as ocular diseases and conditions such as conjunctivitis, dry keratoconjunctivitis, and spring conjunctivitis, allergic rhinitis Diseases that occur in the nose, and autoimmune blood disorders (such as blood anemia, non-forming anemia, erythroblastosis, and idiopathic thrombocytopenia), systemic lupus erythematosus, polychondritis, sclerosis, Wegener's granuloma Dermatomyositis, chronic acute hepatitis, myasthenia gravis, Steven-Johnson syndrome, idiopathic sprue, autoimmune inflammatory bowel disease (such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease), endocrine eye disease, Grave's disease, sarcoidosis , Alveolitis, chronic hyperreactive interstitial pneumonia, multiple sclerosis, early gallbladder cirrhosis, uveitis (front and back), dry keratoconjunctiva And autoimmune reactions, including spring keratoconjunctivitis, interstitial pulmonary fibrosis, psoriatic arthritis, and glomerulonephritis (eg, sudden nephrotic syndrome with or without nephrotic syndrome, or minor renal impairment) It can be used to treat inflammatory diseases that contain or have autoimmune components or causes.
[0043]
Other diseases or conditions that can be treated with the agents of the present invention include, for example, diabetes such as type I diabetes (young diabetes) and type II diabetes, diarrheal diseases, ischemic / reperfusion injury, diabetic retinopathy or hyperbaric oxygen induction Retinopathy such as retinopathy, and conditions such as glaucoma characterized by increased intraocular pressure or secretion of aqueous humor.
[0044]
The effect of the agents of the present invention to inhibit inflammatory conditions, such as in inflammatory airway diseases, is described in, for example, Szarka et al, J. MoI. Immunol. Methods (1997) 202: 49-57; Renzi et al, Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. (1993) 148: 932-939; Tsuyuki et al. , J. et al. Clin. Invest. (1995) 96: 2924-2931; and Cernadas et al (1999) Am. J. et al. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 20: 1-8 can be demonstrated in animal models such as mouse or rat models of airway inflammation or other inflammatory conditions, for example.
[0045]
The agents of the present invention may also be used in combination with other agents, such as anti-inflammatory agents, bronchodilators, or antihistamines, for example, as enhancers of the therapeutic effect of the agent, or as necessary for the agent. It is useful as a means of reducing doses or possible side effects, particularly for the treatment of obstructive or inflammatory airway diseases as described above. The agents of the present invention can be mixed with other agents in an immobilized pharmaceutical composition, or can be administered separately before, simultaneously with, or after other agents. Therefore, the present invention includes a combination of the drug of the present invention as described above and an anti-inflammatory agent, bronchodilator, or antihistamine, and the drug of the present invention and the drug have the same or different pharmaceutical composition. Included in things. Anti-inflammatory agents include steroids, in particular glucocorticosteroids such as budesonide, beclamethasone, fluticasone, ciclesonide or mometasone, LTB4 antagonists as described in US5451700, LTD4 antagonists such as montelukast and zafirlukast, cabergoline , Bromocriptine, ropinirole, and 4-hydroxy-7- [2-[[2-[[3- (2-phenylethoxy) propyl] -sulfonyl] ethyl] -amino] ethyl] -2 (3H) -benzothiazolone Pharmaceutically acceptable salts (hydrochloride is Viozan®-AstraZeneca), and Ariflo® (GlaxoSmith Kline), R flumilast (Byk Gulden), V-11294A (Napp), including PDE4 inhibitors such as BAY19-8004 (Bayer), SCH-351591 (Schering Plough), and PD189659 (Parke-Davis). Bronchodilators are anticholinergic or antimuscarinic agents, especially ipratropium bromide, oxitropium bromide, and tiotropium bromide, and salbutamol, terbutaline, salmeterol, and especially formoterol and its pharmaceutically Β2-adrenergic receptor agonists, such as acceptable salts, and compounds of formula I, preferably examples thereof, of PCT International Publication WO 00/75114 (incorporated herein by reference) In particular the formula X:
Embedded image
And pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Combination antihistamines include cetirizine hydrochloride, acetaminophen, clemastine fumarate, promethazine, loratadine, desloratadine, diphenylhydroamine, and fexofenadine hydrochloride. A combination of an agent of the present invention and a steroid, β2-agonist, PDE4 inhibitor, or LTD4 antagonist can be used for the treatment of, for example, COPD, particularly for the treatment of asthma. A combination of an agent of the present invention and an anticholinergic or antimuscarinic agent, PDE4 inhibitor, dopamine receptor agonist, or LTB4 antagonist can be used, for example, in the treatment of asthma, particularly in the treatment of COPD.
[0046]
Other useful combinations of agents of the invention and anti-inflammatory agents are, for example, CCR-1, CCR-2, CCR-3, CCR-4, CCR-5, CCR-6, CCR-7, CCR-8, CCR-9, and combinations with chemokine receptor antagonists such as CCR10, CXCR1, CXCR2, CXCR3, CXCR4, CXCR5, and in particular SC-351125, SCH-55700, and SCH-D, N, which are Schering-Plough antagonists -[[4-[[[6,7-dihydro-2- (4-methylphenyl) -5H-benzocyclohepten-8-yl] carbonyl] amino] phenyl] -methyl] tetrahydro-N, N-dimethyl Takeda Anne, such as -2H-pyran-4-aminium chloride (TAK-770) CCR-, such as gonists, and CCR-5 antagonists described in US 6166037 (especially claims 18 and 19), WO 00/66558 (especially claim 8), and WO 00/66559 (especially claim 9) Combination with 5 antagonists.
[0047]
In accordance with the foregoing, the present invention is also a method of treating an adrenergic A2b receptor and / or a condition mediated by the activity of an adrenergic A3 receptor, such as an inflammatory or allergic condition, particularly an inflammatory or obstructive airway disease. A method comprising administering to a patient in need of the treatment, particularly a human, a compound of formula I, in free or pharmaceutically acceptable salt form. In another aspect, the present invention provides a free form for use in the manufacture of a medicament for treating an adrenergic A2b receptor and / or a condition mediated by the activity of an adrenergic A3 receptor, particularly an inflammatory or obstructive airway disease. Alternatively, a compound of Formula I in a pharmaceutically acceptable salt form is provided.
[0048]
The agents of the invention may be administered by suitable routes, for example orally in the form of tablets or capsules; for example, parenterally, such as intravenously; for example in the treatment of inflammatory or obstructive airway diseases, by inhalation; for example, allergic rhinitis In the nasal cavity; for example, in the treatment of atopic dermatitis, locally in the skin; or in the rectum in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.
[0049]
In a further aspect, the present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula I in free or pharmaceutically acceptable salt form, optionally with a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent or carrier. The composition may comprise a concomitant drug such as an anti-inflammatory agent, bronchodilator, or antihistamine as described above. The composition may be manufactured using conventional diluents or excipients and methods known in the pharmaceutical industry. Thus oral dosage forms may include tablets and capsules. Formulations for topical administration can take the form of transdermal delivery systems such as creams, ointments, gels, or patches. Compositions for inhalation may include aerosols, or other sprayable formulations, or dry powder formulations.
[0050]
The dosage of the agents of the invention used in the practice of the invention can of course vary depending on, for example, the particular condition to be treated, the effect desired and the method of administration. In general, suitable daily doses for oral administration are on the order of 0.1 to 10 mg / kg.
[0051]
The invention is represented by the following examples.
Example 1-38
Formula XI:
Embedded image
Certain compounds of formula I are also shown in the table below and their preparation is described below. The table also shows mass spectrometry (MH +) data. The examples are in free form with the exception of Examples 10 and 25, which are in the form of the hydrobromide, and Example 33, which is in the form of the trifluoroacetate.
[0052]
[Table 5]
[0053]
[Table 6]
[0054]
[Table 7]
[0055]
[Table 8]
[0056]
[Table 9]
[0057]
[Table 10]
[0058]
Manufacturing method in a specific embodiment:
Example 12: N- [4- (3-Cyano-phenyl) -5- [1,2,4] triazol-1-yl-thiazol-2-yl] -4-methoxy-benzamide
4-Methoxybenzoyl chloride (0.16 ml, 1.36 mmol) was added to 3- (2-amino-5- [1,2,4] triazol-1-yl-thiazole- in dry pyridine (1.5 ml). Add to a solution of 4-yl) -benzonitrile (0.15 g, 0.56 mmol). After stirring for 2 hours, the reaction mixture is triturated with hot ethanol for 30 minutes and then the solid is collected by filtration. The solid is washed with ethanol and dried to give the title compound.
m. s. (MH +) = 402;
m. p. 292-294 ° C;
Examples 5, 9, 11, and 22 are prepared in a similar manner.
[0059]
The starting material is prepared as follows.
3- (2-Amino-5- [1,2,4] triazol-1-yl-thiazol-4-yl) -benzonitrile
3- (2-Bromo-2- [1,2,4] triazol-1-yl-acetyl) -benzonitrile hydrobromide (1.848 g, 5.00 mmol) and thiourea (0 .46 g, 1.2 mol) is heated at 95 ° C. for 8 hours. The solvent is removed under vacuum to give a foam which is dissolved in 3M hydrochloric acid. The product is precipitated as a white powder by adding concentrated aqueous ammonia until pH 11 is reached.
M.M. S. (MH +) = 269.54;
[0060]
Example 15: 3- [2- (6-Methyl-pyridin-2-ylamino) -5- [1,2,4] triazol-1-yl-thiazol-4-yl] -benzonitrile
3- (2-Bromo-2- [1,2,4] triazol-1-yl-acetyl) -benzonitrile Hydrobromide (500 mg, 1.34 mmol) is dissolved in ethanol (5 ml). (6-Methyl-pyridin-2-yl) -thiourea (208 mg, 1.34 mmol) is added and the reaction is heated at 90 ° C. for 2 hours. Collect the precipitate and wash twice with ethanol. Suspend the solid in water, basify with concentrated aqueous ammonia, collect the resulting precipitate, wash with water and dry to give the title compound.
MS (APCI +) = 360.0;
m. p. 236-237 ° C;
[0061]
The thiourea starting material is prepared as follows.
(6-Methyl-pyridin-2-yl) -thiourea
6-Methyl-pyridin-2-ylamine (1.0 g, 9.2 mmol) is dissolved in ethanol (10 ml) and benzoyl isothiocyanate (1.24 ml, 9.2 mmol) is added dropwise. The mixture is heated to 40 ° C. with stirring for 10 minutes and cooled to room temperature. The solvent was removed under vacuum and the resulting solid was dissolved in 1M sodium hydroxide (15 ml) and refluxed for 2 hours. The resulting suspension is filtered and the solid is washed with copious amounts of water and then with cold ethanol. The solid is dried under vacuum to give the title compound.
MS (APCI +) = 168;
[0062]
Example 27: (3- [2- (pyrazin-2-ylamino) -5- [1,2,4] triazol-1-yl-thiazol-4-yl] -benzonitrile)
3-([1,2,4] triazol-1-yl-acetyl) -benzonitrile (150 mg, 0.7 mmol) is dissolved in dioxane (640 μl) and bromine (19 μl) is added dropwise. The mixture is then heated at 80 ° C. for 6 hours. The resulting suspension is cooled to room temperature and the precipitate is isolated by filtration. This precipitate, ie 3- (2-bromo-2- [1,2,4] triazol-1-yl-acetyl) -benzonitrile hydrobromide (200 mg, 0.5 mmol) was added to ethanol (2 ml). Dissolve in Pyrazin-2-yl-thiourea (0.5 mmol) is added and the reaction is heated at 80 ° C. for 10 hours. Ethanol is removed under vacuum and the residue is triturated with 3M HCl. The resulting suspension is basified with concentrated aqueous ammonia and the resulting precipitate is filtered and washed with water and then with cold ethanol. The resulting solid is dried under vacuum to give the title compound.
m. p. > 250 ° C;
m. s. (AP +) = 347;
Examples 3, 6-8, 10, 13-14, 17-18, 20-21, 24-26, and 28-31 are prepared in an analogous manner from the appropriate compounds of formula II and formula III. .
[0063]
The starting material is prepared as follows.
3-([1,2,4] Triazol-1-yl-acetyl) -benzonitrile
3-Cyanoacetophenone (10.13 g, 69 mmol) is dissolved in dioxane (150 ml) and bromine (3.53 ml) is added. The mixture is stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes, the solvent is removed in vacuo and the residue is dissolved in acetonitrile (100 ml). Sodium triazole (7 g) is added and the mixture is stirred at room temperature overnight. Filter the mixture and discard the resulting solid. The filtrate is distilled to dryness and the solid residue is dissolved in 3M HCl (500 ml) with heating. The aqueous layer is decanted from the rubbery residue and washed with ethyl acetate. The aqueous layer is then basified with concentrated aqueous ammonia and the resulting precipitate is filtered and washed with water. The precipitate is dried in vacuo to give 3-([1,2,4] triazol-1-yl-acetyl) -benzonitrile.
m. p. 172-173 ° C;
m. s. (AP +) = 213;
Other compounds of formula II are prepared in an analogous manner from the appropriate acetophenone.
[0064]
Pyrazin-2-yl-thiourea
Aminopyrazine (2 g, 21.03 mmol) is dissolved in ethanol (20 ml) and benzoyl isothiocyanate (2.82 ml) is added dropwise. The mixture is heated with stirring at 80 ° C. for 10 minutes and then cooled to room temperature. The solvent is removed in vacuo and the resulting solid is dissolved in 1M sodium hydroxide (30 ml) and refluxed for 1 hour. The resulting suspension is filtered and the solid is washed with water and a small amount of cold methanol. The solid is dried under vacuum to give the title compound.
m. p. 239-239.5 ° C;
m. s. (AP +) = 138 (M+-NH3);
Other thioureas of formula III are prepared analogously from the appropriate starting amine.
[0065]
Example 35: (3- [5- (2-Methyl-imidazol-1-yl) -2- (pyrazin-2-ylamino) -thiazol-4-yl] -benzonitrile)
3- [5-Bromo-2- (pyrazin-2-ylamino) -thiazol-4-yl] -benzonitrile (250 mg, 0.698 mmol) and 2-methylimidazole (573 mg, 6.98 mmol) were combined, Heat in a molten state at 150 ° C. for 16 hours. The resulting solid is purified by flash chromatography to give the title compound as a powder.
m. p. 276-276.5 ° C;
m. s. (TOF, ES +) = 360;
Examples 1, 2, and 32-34 are prepared in an analogous manner by reaction of the appropriate compounds of formula IV and formula V.
[0066]
The starting material is prepared in the following manner.
3- [2- (Pyrazin-2-ylamino) -thiazol-4-yl] -benzonitrile
3-acetylbenzonitrile (1.0 g, 6.88 mmol) is dissolved in dioxane (15 ml) and bromine (353 μl, 6.88 mmol) is added dropwise with constant stirring. The reaction is stirred for 30 minutes and then dioxane is distilled off under reduced pressure. The resulting slurry is dissolved in ethanol (15 ml) and pyrazinyl-2-thiourea (1.0 g, 6.88 mmol) is added. The reaction is heated at 80 ° C. for 30 minutes, cooled to room temperature, and the ethanol is distilled off under reduced pressure. The solid is suspended in 3M HCl and made basic with aqueous ammonia. The resulting precipitate is filtered and washed with a large amount of water and cold ethanol. Triturate with hot methanol and then dry to give the title compound.
m. p. 203-204 ° C;
m. s. (ES +) = 280;
[0067]
3- [5-Bromo-2- (pyrazin-2-ylamino) -thiazol-4-yl] -benzonitrile
3- [2- (Pyrazin-2-ylamino) -thiazol-4-yl] -benzonitrile (1.5 g, 5.36 mmol) was suspended in hot glacial acetic acid (10 ml) and bromine (0.275 ml) was added. Add dropwise with stirring at room temperature. The resulting suspension is stirred at room temperature for 10 minutes. Water (about 100 ml) is added to the mixture and basified with solid potassium carbonate until pH 9 is reached. The resulting precipitate is filtered and washed with water to give 3- [5-bromo-2- (pyrazin-2-ylamino) -thiazol-4-yl] -benzonitrile.
m. p. 215 ° C (decomposition);
m. s. (ES +, M+-Br) = 279;
Other compounds of formula IV are prepared in an analogous manner from the appropriate compounds of formula IX and formula III.
[0068]
Example 36: 1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid [4- (3-cyano-phenyl) -5- [1,2,4] triazol-1-yl-thiazol-2-yl] -amide
1-Methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carbonyl chloride (110 mg) was added to 3- (2-amino-5- [1,2,4] triazol-1-yl-thiazole- in dry pyridine (0.5 ml). Add to a solution of 4-yl) -benzonitrile (50 mg, 0.19 mmol). After stirring for 16 hours, water (10 ml) is added. After 3 days, collect the precipitate and wash with water. The resulting cake is triturated with refluxing ethanol for 20 minutes, filtered and washed with ethanol. The solid is triturated with saturated sodium bicarbonate, filtered, washed with water and dried to give the title compound.
MS (MH +) = 376;
m. p. 245-247 ° C;
Examples 4-5, 16, 19, and 23 are prepared in an analogous manner.
[0069]
Example 37: 3- [2- (6-Methoxy-pyrazin-2-ylamino) -5- [1,2,4] triazol-1-yl-thiazol-4-yl] benzonitrile
3- (2-Bromo-2- [1,2,4] triazol-1-yl-acetyl) -benzonitrile Hydrobromide (250 mg, 0.67 mmol) is dissolved in ethanol (2 ml). (6-Methoxy-pyrazin-2-yl) -thiourea (0.67 mmol) is added and the reaction is heated at 80 ° C. for 10 hours. Ethanol is removed under vacuum and the residue is triturated with 3M HCl. The resulting suspension is basified with concentrated aqueous ammonia and the resulting precipitate is filtered and washed with water and then with cold ethanol. The resulting solid is triturated with hot ethanol and dried under vacuum to give the title compound.
MS (APCI +) = 377.1;
Example 38 is prepared in an analogous manner.
[0070]
The thiourea starting material is prepared as follows.
(6-Methoxy-pyrazin-2-yl) -thiourea
6-Methoxy-pyrazin-2-ylamine (0.85 g, 6.8 mmol) is dissolved in ethanol (7 ml) and benzoyl isothiocyanate (0.91 ml) is added dropwise. The mixture is heated with stirring at 80 ° C. for 10 minutes. The solvent is removed in vacuo and the resulting solid is dissolved in 1M sodium hydroxide (15 ml) and refluxed for 1 hour. The resulting suspension is filtered and the solid is washed with water and a small amount of cold ethanol. The solid is dried under vacuum to give the title compound.
[0071]
Example 39: (3- [5- (2-Methyl-imidazol-1-yl) -2- (pyrazin-2-ylamino) -thiazol-4-yl] -benzonitrile) methanesulfonate
(3- [5- (2-Methyl-imidazol-1-yl) -2- (pyrazin-2-ylamino) -thiazol-4-yl] -benzonitrile (1 g, 2.78 mmol) was added to boiling pentanol ( 25 ml) and hot filtered to obtain a clear solution, methanesulfonic acid (0.2 ml, 3.06 mmol) is added, the mixture is cooled to room temperature and a solid is precipitated. The solid is filtered off, washed with diethyl ether and then triturated with diethyl ether (25 ml) The resulting solid is filtered, dried under vacuum and suspended in boiling acetone (20 ml). Water (2 ml) is added followed by acetone (5 ml) and the resulting solution is cooled to 4 ° C. The resulting solid is filtered, washed with acetone and under vacuum. P at 0 ℃2O5To give the title compound.
m. p. 282 ° C;
[0072]
The starting material is prepared as follows.
3- (2-Methylimidazol-1-yl-acetyl) -benzonitrile
3-Acetylbenzonitrile (50 g, 0.345 mol) is dissolved in dioxane (600 ml) at room temperature with stirring, bromine (17.7 ml, 0.345 mol) is added and the mixture is stirred for 30 minutes. Dioxane is removed under vacuum to give a solid which is dissolved in acetonitrile (300 ml). 2-Methylimidazole (28.3 g, 0.345 mol) is added to the solution, the mixture is stirred for 1 hour and the temperature of the mixture is raised to 45 ° C. The precipitated solid is filtered, washed with acetonitrile and slurried with methanol for 1 hour. After filtration, the insoluble solid is removed and the filtrate is distilled under vacuum to give a solid that is dried under vacuum at 40 ° C. to give the title compound.
m. s. (MH +) = 369;
[0073]
(3- [5- (2-Methyl-imidazol-1-yl) -2- (pyrazin-2-ylamino) -thiazol-4-yl] -benzonitrile)
3- (2-Methylimidazol-1-yl-acetyl) -benzonitrile (13.8 g, 0.06 mol), pyrazinyl-2-thiourea (9.4 g, 0.06 mol) and iodine (15.6 g, 0.06 mol) and pyridine (60 ml). The mixture is stirred first at room temperature and then at 60 ° C. overnight (17.5 hours). The resulting mixture is cooled to room temperature and water (50 ml) is added. The resulting solid is filtered, stirred in water (50 ml) for 30 minutes and filtered again. The resulting solid was dissolved in P at 40 ° C. under vacuum.2O5To give the title compound.
Claims (16)
Arは、1価のC6−C15芳香族性の基であり;
R1は、水素か、ハロゲン、シアノ、ヒドロキシ、C1−C8−アルキル、C1−C8−ハロアルキル、C1−C8−アルコキシ、C1−C8−アルコキシ−C1−C8−アルキル、またはアシルオキシから選択される、1もしくはそれ以上の置換基によって、任意に置換されているフェニルか、または5員環もしくは6員環の1価の複素環であり;
R2は、水素、C1−C8−アルキル、アシル、または−CON(R3)R4であり、R2がC1−C8−アルキル、アシル、または−CON(R3)R4であれば、R1は水素であり;
R3とR4は、それぞれ独立に、水素もしくはC1−C8−アルキルであるか、またはそれらが結合している窒素原子と共に5員環もしくは6員環の複素環を表し;そして
Z1、Z2、Z3、およびZ4は、それぞれ独立に、N、またはCR5{式中、R5は、水素、C1−C8−アルキル、またはC1−C8−アルコキシである}であり、少なくともこれらのうちの1つがCR5である]の遊離形もしくは塩形である化合物。Formula I:
Ar is a monovalent C 6 -C 15 aromatic group;
R 1 is hydrogen, halogen, cyano, hydroxy, C 1 -C 8 -alkyl, C 1 -C 8 -haloalkyl, C 1 -C 8 -alkoxy, C 1 -C 8 -alkoxy-C 1 -C 8 -Phenyl optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from alkyl, or acyloxy, or a monovalent heterocyclic ring of 5 or 6 members;
R 2 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 8 -alkyl, acyl, or —CON (R 3 ) R 4 , and R 2 is C 1 -C 8 -alkyl, acyl, or —CON (R 3 ) R 4. Then R 1 is hydrogen;
R 3 and R 4 are each independently hydrogen or C 1 -C 8 -alkyl or a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached; and Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , and Z 4 are each independently N, or CR 5 {wherein R 5 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 8 -alkyl, or C 1 -C 8 -alkoxy} And at least one of these is CR 5 ].
R1が、水素か、シアノもしくはC1−C4−アルコキシによって任意に置換されているフェニルか、または1価の6員環のN−複素環であり;
R2が、水素、C1−C4−アルキルカルボニル、C3−C6−シクロアルキルカルボニル、フェニルカルボニル{式中、フェニル基は、C1−C4−アルコキシによって任意に置換されている}、または複素環カルボニル{式中、複素環は、5員環もしくは6員環であり、そして窒素、酸素、および硫黄から選択される、1もしくは2個の環複素原子を有する}であり;そして
Z1とZ3は、それぞれNを表し、そしてZ2とZ4は、それぞれCHを表すか、またはZ1は、CR5{式中、R5は、水素、またはC1−C4−アルキルである}であり、Z2は、Nを表し、そしてZ3とZ4は、それぞれCHを表す、請求項1に記載の化合物。Wherein Ar is phenyl optionally substituted with halogen or cyano;
R 1 is hydrogen, phenyl optionally substituted by cyano or C 1 -C 4 -alkoxy, or a monovalent 6-membered N-heterocycle;
R 2 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 -alkylcarbonyl, C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkylcarbonyl, phenylcarbonyl {wherein the phenyl group is optionally substituted by C 1 -C 4 -alkoxy} Or a heterocyclic carbonyl {wherein the heterocycle is a 5- or 6-membered ring and has 1 or 2 ring heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur}; and Z 1 and Z 3 represent each N, and Z 2 and Z 4 are either each represent CH, or Z 1 is CR 5 {wherein, R 5 is hydrogen or C 1 -C 4, - 2. The compound of claim 1, wherein Z 2 represents N, and Z 3 and Z 4 each represent CH.
R1は、1価の6員環のN−複素環であり;
R2は、水素であり;そして
Z1とZ3は、それぞれNを表し、そしてZ2とZ4は、CHを表すか、またはZ1は、CR5{式中、R5は、水素またはC1−C4−アルキルである}、Z2は、Nを表し、そしてZ3とZ4は、それぞれCHを表す、請求項1に記載の化合物。Where Ar is phenyl, optionally substituted with halogen or cyano, in the meta or para position relative to the indicated thiazole ring;
R 1 is a monovalent 6-membered N-heterocycle;
R 2 is hydrogen; and Z 1 and Z 3 each represent N and Z 2 and Z 4 represent CH, or Z 1 represents CR 5 {where R 5 is hydrogen Or is C 1 -C 4 -alkyl}, Z 2 represents N, and Z 3 and Z 4 each represent CH.
R1は、水素であり;
R2は、フェニルカルボニル{式中、フェニル基は、C1−C4−アルコキシによって任意に置換されている}、または複素環カルボニル{式中、複素環は、5員環もしくは6員環であり、そして酸素および硫黄から選択される、1個の環複素原子を有する}であり;そして
Z1とZ3は、それぞれNを表し、そしてZ2とZ4は、それぞれCHを表すか、またはZ1は、CR5{式中、R5は、水素またはC1−C4−アルキルである}を表し、Z2は、Nを表し、そしてZ3とZ4は、それぞれCHを表す、請求項1に記載の化合物。Wherein Ar is phenyl substituted at the meta or para position with respect to the indicated thiazole ring by halogen or cyano;
R 1 is hydrogen;
R 2 is phenylcarbonyl {wherein the phenyl group is optionally substituted by C 1 -C 4 -alkoxy}, or heterocyclic carbonyl {wherein the heterocycle is a 5-membered or 6-membered ring And having one ring heteroatom selected from oxygen and sulfur; and Z 1 and Z 3 each represent N and Z 2 and Z 4 each represent CH, Or Z 1 represents CR 5 {wherein R 5 is hydrogen or C 1 -C 4 -alkyl}, Z 2 represents N, and Z 3 and Z 4 each represent CH The compound according to claim 1.
(i)(A)式中、R1が任意に置換されているフェニルか、または5員環もしくは6員環の複素環である、式Iの化合物を製造するために、式 II:
R2は、H、またはC1−C8アルキルである]の化合物と反応させ;または
(B)式中、R1が、任意に置換されているフェニル、または5員環もしくは6員環の複素環である、式Iの化合物を製造するために、式 IV:
(C)式中、R2が、アシル、または−CON(R3)R4である、式Iの化合物を製造するために、式 VI:
(ii)得られた式Iの遊離形もしくは塩形である化合物を回収する;
ことを含む方法。A process for preparing a compound of formula I in free or salt form, comprising
(I) (A) To prepare compounds of formula I wherein R 1 is optionally substituted phenyl or a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle, formula II:
A method involving that.
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- 2000-11-21 GB GBGB0028383.8A patent/GB0028383D0/en not_active Ceased
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2001
- 2001-11-19 CN CNB018192882A patent/CN1244580C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-11-19 HU HU0302079A patent/HUP0302079A2/en unknown
- 2001-11-19 PL PL01361842A patent/PL361842A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-11-19 MX MXPA03004439A patent/MXPA03004439A/en unknown
- 2001-11-19 US US10/432,302 patent/US7109202B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-11-19 CZ CZ20031393A patent/CZ20031393A3/en unknown
- 2001-11-19 NZ NZ525875A patent/NZ525875A/en unknown
- 2001-11-19 RU RU2003117476/04A patent/RU2003117476A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-11-19 WO PCT/EP2001/013378 patent/WO2002042298A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2001-11-19 BR BR0115478-8A patent/BR0115478A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-11-19 CA CA002429442A patent/CA2429442A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-11-19 ES ES01986395T patent/ES2246346T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-11-19 JP JP2002544432A patent/JP3973556B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2001-11-19 KR KR10-2003-7006156A patent/KR20040007412A/en not_active Ceased
- 2001-11-19 AU AU2002237221A patent/AU2002237221A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-11-19 AT AT01986395T patent/ATE300536T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-11-20 PE PE2001001159A patent/PE20020580A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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2003
- 2003-05-14 ZA ZA200303721A patent/ZA200303721B/en unknown
- 2003-05-16 EC EC2003004611A patent/ECSP034611A/en unknown
- 2003-05-20 NO NO20032277A patent/NO20032277L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008513385A (en) * | 2004-09-22 | 2008-05-01 | ハー・ルンドベック・アクチエゼルスカベット | 2-acylaminothiazole derivatives |
| JP4942045B2 (en) * | 2004-09-22 | 2012-05-30 | ハー・ルンドベック・アクチエゼルスカベット | 2-acylaminothiazole derivatives |
| JP2009530413A (en) * | 2006-03-17 | 2009-08-27 | シーブイ・セラピューティクス・インコーポレイテッド | Method for prevention and treatment of liver disease using A2B adenosine receptor antagonist |
| JP2014526537A (en) * | 2011-09-23 | 2014-10-06 | バイヤースドルフ・アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト | Heterocyclic carbonylaminothiazole, cosmetic or dermatological formulations containing it, and its use for treating and preventing unwanted skin pigmentation |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PL361842A1 (en) | 2004-10-04 |
| CN1476447A (en) | 2004-02-18 |
| SK6032003A3 (en) | 2004-01-08 |
| JP3973556B2 (en) | 2007-09-12 |
| CZ20031393A3 (en) | 2003-08-13 |
| ZA200303721B (en) | 2004-05-10 |
| US20040053982A1 (en) | 2004-03-18 |
| DE60112322D1 (en) | 2005-09-01 |
| AU2002237221A1 (en) | 2002-06-03 |
| MXPA03004439A (en) | 2003-08-19 |
| AR035371A1 (en) | 2004-05-12 |
| ECSP034611A (en) | 2003-06-25 |
| CN1244580C (en) | 2006-03-08 |
| WO2002042298A1 (en) | 2002-05-30 |
| NO20032277D0 (en) | 2003-05-20 |
| EP1339711A1 (en) | 2003-09-03 |
| EP1339711B1 (en) | 2005-07-27 |
| CA2429442A1 (en) | 2002-05-30 |
| NZ525875A (en) | 2004-11-26 |
| ES2246346T3 (en) | 2006-02-16 |
| US7109202B2 (en) | 2006-09-19 |
| DE60112322T2 (en) | 2006-05-24 |
| NO20032277L (en) | 2003-07-21 |
| RU2003117476A (en) | 2005-02-10 |
| BR0115478A (en) | 2004-02-17 |
| ATE300536T1 (en) | 2005-08-15 |
| GB0028383D0 (en) | 2001-01-03 |
| HUP0302079A2 (en) | 2003-09-29 |
| KR20040007412A (en) | 2004-01-24 |
| IL155712A0 (en) | 2003-11-23 |
| PE20020580A1 (en) | 2002-08-13 |
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