JP2004510017A - Diesel engine lubricant composition - Google Patents
Diesel engine lubricant composition Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本発明は、合成フタル酸エステル以外のベースストック及び分散剤を含むディーゼルエンジン潤滑剤組成物であって、さらに前記組成物が組成物の５重量％未満の量で、すすの存在下で潤滑剤の粘度を制御する能力があるフタル酸エステルを少なくとも１種含むことを特徴とする前記組成物に関する。本発明の組成物は、エンジンの摩耗及びディーゼルエンジン及びそのための潤滑剤を使用する車から不完全燃焼によって生じる排気ガスからの望ましくない排出物を最小限にする。The invention also relates to a diesel engine lubricant composition comprising a base stock other than synthetic phthalates and a dispersant, wherein said composition further comprises a lubricant in the presence of soot in an amount of less than 5% by weight of the composition. The composition comprises at least one phthalate capable of controlling the viscosity of the composition. The compositions of the present invention minimize engine wear and undesirable emissions from exhaust gases resulting from incomplete combustion from vehicles using diesel engines and lubricants therefor.
Description
【０００１】
本発明はディーゼルエンジンで用いるのに適した潤滑剤及びすすの存在下でそのような潤滑剤の粘度を制御する方法に関する。
内燃機関は通常車を推進させるのに必要な動力を発生させる燃料の燃焼によって機能する。ディーゼルエンジンの場合、燃料はディーゼル燃料であり、その燃焼は一般にそのような車の排気から３つの主な成分を含む排出物を生じる。これらはすす、粒子状物質及び窒素酸化物（以降、後者は便宜上ＮＯｘと略記される。）である。もちろん、すすは一般に燃料の不完全燃焼の結果として生成される。すすはその粘度の増加（潤滑剤におけるすすの蓄積）及び摩耗を引き起こすことによって潤滑剤の性能に悪影響を及ぼす。さらに、すすの存在は潤滑剤の粘度を望ましくないほど高レベルに増加しないことが重要であり、また運転の際にエンジンの速く、綺麗な排水を可能にするために標準的なグレードの粘度を保持することも重要である。すすの生成は相対的に高い温度でディーゼルエンジンを運転することによって明らかに軽減される場合がある。しかし、すすの生成を軽減する際の高温は粒子状物質及びＮＯｘの増加した量の生成という結果となる。しかし、エンジン温度が下げられると、不完全燃焼が結果として生じ、これは排出物中に形成される粒子状物質及びＮＯｘの量を低減するが、生成されるすすの量を実質的に増大する。そのようにして生成されるすすは２つの方法で現れる。それは車の排気から排出される濃い黒い煙として生成し、又はそのようなエンジンで使用される潤滑剤におけるその吸収又は改良された分散によって制御される。車の排気からの排出物を制御する厳しい環境規制の観点から、エンジンの潤滑剤中にすすを保持することが好ましいであろう。しかし、この方法は別の問題を提示する。すすは潤滑剤に蓄積するため、後者はますます粘性となり、臨界値に達した場合、潤滑剤のゲル化を生じ、最終的にエンジンの焼き付けを生じる可能性がある。１種以上の分散剤、金属塩及びエーテル、エステル等であってもよい溶媒の使用を含むいくつかの方法がこの問題を軽減するために試みられてきた。しかし、これらのいずれも満足のいくように問題を解決しなかった。
【０００２】
本発明の目的は、すすが吸収され、又はよく分散された状態で潤滑剤に保持される期間を最大にし、その結果できるだけ長い期間、潤滑剤の絶対粘度の上昇を制御する、すなわち、今まで可能であったよりも長い期間、所望する範囲内で、吸収／分散されたすすを保持する潤滑剤の粘度の増加を最小にするによって、すすの存在による潤滑剤の粘度の上昇の問題を軽減する方法を発明することである。
ここで、上述の問題は適したエステルを使用される潤滑剤に特定の濃度で添加することによって軽減できることがわかった。
従って、本発明は、合成フタル酸エステル以外のディーゼル潤滑粘度のベースストック（ｂａｓｅ ｓｔｏｃｋ）及び分散剤を含むディーゼルエンジン潤滑剤組成物であって、さらに前記組成物は組成物の５重量％未満の量で少なくとも１つのフタル酸エステルを含み、前記エステルは燃料の不完全燃焼によって生成されるすすの存在下で潤滑剤の粘度を制御する能力があることを特徴とする前記組成物を提供する。
【０００３】
ディーゼルエンジン潤滑剤はベースストックとして鉱油、又はフタル酸エステル以外の合成ベースストック、例えばポリアルファオレフィン、又はそのようなベースストックの組み合わせ（ｃｏｍｂｉｎａｔｉｏｎ）又はブレンドを含んでもよい。水素異性化又は水素化分解されていてもよい鉱油ベースストックが好ましい。最終的な潤滑剤組成物は、特に０Ｗ−２０、５Ｗ−２０、５Ｗ−３０、１０Ｗ−３０、１０Ｗ−４０、１５Ｗ−４０及び１５Ｗ−５０を含む標準的なエンジンオイル粘度グレードを一般的に満たす。
分散剤は本発明の組成物中に含まれ、エンジン内で生成される任意のすす及びその他の粒子の分散性に役立ち、その結果潤滑剤中のそのような粒子のよく分散した懸濁液を形成する。分散剤はすすの粒子の凝集のリスクを最小限にし、また懸濁される粒子のスラッジ生成又は凝集を防止する。本発明の組成物で使用してもよい分散剤の例としては、特に高分子量スクシネート、例えばポリイソブテニルスクシネート及びアミン、特に対応するポリイソブテニルスクシンイミドを生成するポリアミンとのその反応生成物、及びそれらの塩、例えばホウ酸塩、及びホウ酸（ｂｏｒａｔｅｄ）アミノ−フェノール／ホルムアルデヒド縮合物が挙げられる。
分散剤は潤滑剤組成物の合計重量を基準として約６〜１０重量％の範囲の量で適切に使用され、好ましくは約４〜８重量％である。
【０００４】
この目的のために選択されるフタル酸エステルはベースストックと混和性でなければならない。この条件により、本発明で使用できるフタル酸エステルはベンゼン環の１，２−（オルト）、１，３−（メタ）又は１，４−（パラ）位にカルボキシル基を有するフタル酸のエステルである。該エステルは６〜２０個の炭素原子、好ましくは８〜１２個の炭素原子を有する１価アルコールから適切に誘導され、最も好ましくは９又は１０個の炭素原子を有する１価アルコールである。特に、フタル酸のエステル及びノニル又はイソノニルアルコールが最も好ましい。フタル酸の種々の異性体である、テレフタル酸のエステルが好ましい。
フタル酸エステルは５重量％未満、好適には１重量％未満、好ましくは０．０５〜０．９９重量％、より好ましくは０．１〜０．６重量％、例えば０．３〜０．５重量％の量で潤滑剤組成物中に適切に含まれる。本発明の組成物におけるフタル酸エステルの存在により、すすを潤滑剤内によりよく溶解及び／又は分散させることができ、その結果その凝集を最小限にし、それを所望のレベル内に保持することによって潤滑剤の粘度を制御する。これらの所望のレベルは燃焼させる燃料及び使用するエンジンオイルの性質、エンジンのサイズ及び使用される運転条件により変化する。典型的なＸＵＤ１１ＢＴＥ乗用車エンジンテストについて、すすによる粘度の増加は、適切にはその初期の値の１２５％以下である。
【０００５】
本発明の潤滑剤組成物は、従来の潤滑剤ブレンド方法を用いて、エステルをその他の成分と共にベースストックとブレンドすることによって調製できる。
本発明の潤滑剤組成物は、さらに慣用の添加剤、例えば酸化防止剤、粘度指数向上剤、極圧添加剤、フリクションモディファイヤ、腐食防止剤、乳化助剤、流動点降下剤、洗浄剤、耐摩耗剤（ａｎｔｉ−ｗｅａｒ）、消泡剤等を含んでもよい。
本発明の添加剤の性能は業界標準テストＸＵＤ１１ＢＴＥ（ＣＥＣ Ｌ−５６−Ｔ−９５）の使用に関連する以下の方法によってテストされた。
本発明は以下の実施例を参照してさらに詳細に説明される。
【０００６】
実施例
業界標準テストＸＵＤ１１ＢＴＥ（ＣＥＣ Ｌ−５６−Ｔ−９５）に従って、乗用車用ディーゼルエンジンの使用に適した潤滑剤組成物の性能を、フタル酸エステル含有及び非含有組成物のテストを行うことによって本発明のフタル酸エステルのその粘度の制御する能力により評価した。
潤滑剤は５Ｗ−３０グレード（ｅｘ Ｅｓｓｏ）であり、合成エステル成分及び典型的なグループＩＩＩベースストックを含むベースストックの混合物を用いた。単官能基ＯＣＰ粘度向上剤を使用した。洗浄抑制剤パッケージ（ＤＩ）は標準的な潤滑添加剤、すなわち洗浄剤、分散剤、耐摩耗剤（ａｎｔｉｗｅａｒ）及び酸化防止添加剤を含む。
一の処方において、グループＩＩＩベースストック（ｂａｓｅｓｔｏｃｋ）を３重量％減らし、ジイソノニルフタル酸エステル（ＪＡＹ−ＤＩＮＰ、ｅｘ Ｅｘｘｏｎ Ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｓ）を３重量％レベルで加えた。ＸＵＤ１１ＢＴＥエンジンテストは７５時間すす生成モードで一連の運転条件下で行った。このエンジンテストの詳細は前記の業界手順、すなわちＣＥＣ−Ｌ−５６−Ｔ−９５で与えられる。１００℃での潤滑剤の運動学的粘度は時間及び標準的なＫＶ１０００手順を用いるすす（生成され、分散される）の関数として測定される。３％のすすの濃度での潤滑剤の粘度はテスト条件の終わりを示すために選択された。
以下の表は使用した材料及び２つのテスト油の性能を示す。これらの表において、以下の略語が使用される。
ＪＡＹ−ＤＩＮＰ − ジイソノニルフタレート（ｅｘ Ｅｘｘｏｎ Ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｓ）
ＤＵＲＡＳＹＮ−６１ − ポリアルファオレフィン（ｅｘ Ａｌｂａｍａｒｕ）
ＭＡＲＣＯＬ−１７２ − 白色鉱油（ｅｘ Ｅｓｓｏ）
ＹＵＢＡＳＥ−４ − １００℃で４ｃＳｔの粘度を有するグループＩＩＩベースストック
ＰＴＮ−８００２ − 流動点降下剤を含むオレフィンコポリマーである粘度指数向上剤
ＤＩ − スルホン酸カルシウム洗浄剤、ポリイソブテニルスクシンイミド分散剤、２級ジチオリン酸亜鉛耐摩耗剤、フェノール及びアミン酸化防止剤の混合物、錆止め及び消泡剤を含む洗浄抑制剤パッケージ
【０００７】
【表１】表１ 潤滑剤組成物
次いで、上述のＸＵＤ１１ＢＴＥエンジンテストを用いてディーゼルエンジンにおけるこれらの潤滑剤組成物の性能をテストした。結果を以下の表２に示す。
【０００９】
【表２】表２ テスト結果
上記の結果は３％のフタル酸エステル（ＪＡＹ−ＤＩＮＰ）の添加が絶対粘度の増加を有意に低減することを示す。同時に、スラッジ制御及びピストン清浄度の両方はスラッジ及びピストンメリットの上記結果に示されるように改良される。[0001]
The present invention relates to a lubricant suitable for use in diesel engines and a method for controlling the viscosity of such a lubricant in the presence of soot.
Internal combustion engines usually function by burning fuel which generates the power required to propel the vehicle. In the case of a diesel engine, the fuel is diesel fuel, the combustion of which typically produces emissions from such vehicle exhausts containing three main components. These soot, particulate matter and nitrogen oxides (hereinafter, the latter is abbreviated for convenience NO x.) It is. Of course, soot is generally produced as a result of incomplete combustion of the fuel. Soot adversely affects the performance of the lubricant by increasing its viscosity (accumulation of soot in the lubricant) and causing wear. In addition, it is important that the presence of soot not increase the viscosity of the lubricant to undesirably high levels, and to reduce the standard grade viscosity to allow for fast and clean drainage of the engine during operation. Retention is also important. Soot formation may be significantly reduced by operating the diesel engine at relatively high temperatures. However, the high temperature at the time of reducing the generation of soot results in a generation of an increased amount of particulate matter and NO x. However, when the engine temperature is lowered, resulting as incomplete combustion results, this is to reduce the amount of particulate matter and NO x formed in the effluent, substantially increase the amount of soot produced I do. The soot so generated appears in two ways. It produces as dark black smoke exhausted from vehicle exhaust or is controlled by its absorption or improved dispersion in the lubricants used in such engines. In view of the stringent environmental regulations that control emissions from vehicle exhaust, it may be preferable to retain soot in the engine lubricant. However, this method presents another problem. As the soot accumulates in the lubricant, the latter becomes more and more viscous and, when reaching a critical value, can cause the lubricant to gel and eventually burn the engine. Several methods have been attempted to mitigate this problem, including the use of one or more dispersants, metal salts and solvents, which may be ethers, esters, and the like. However, none of these satisfactorily solved the problem.
[0002]
It is an object of the present invention to maximize the time period in which the soot is absorbed or retained in the lubricant in a well-dispersed state, thereby controlling the increase in the absolute viscosity of the lubricant as long as possible, i.e. Reduces the problem of increasing the viscosity of the lubricant due to the presence of soot by minimizing the increase in viscosity of the lubricant holding the absorbed / dispersed soot within a desired range for a longer period than was possible Inventing a method.
It has now been found that the above-mentioned problems can be reduced by adding a suitable ester to the used lubricant at a specific concentration.
Accordingly, the present invention is a diesel engine lubricant composition comprising a base stock of diesel lubricating viscosity other than synthetic phthalates and a dispersant, wherein said composition comprises less than 5% by weight of the composition. An amount of at least one phthalate ester, wherein said ester is capable of controlling the viscosity of a lubricant in the presence of soot produced by incomplete combustion of a fuel.
[0003]
Diesel engine lubricants may include mineral oils as base stocks, or synthetic base stocks other than phthalates, such as polyalphaolefins, or combinations or blends of such base stocks. Mineral oil basestocks, which may have been hydroisomerized or hydrocracked, are preferred. The final lubricant composition generally comprises standard engine oil viscosity grades, including 0W-20, 5W-20, 5W-30, 10W-30, 10W-40, 15W-40 and 15W-50. Fulfill.
A dispersant is included in the composition of the present invention and aids in the dispersibility of any soot and other particles produced in the engine, thereby forming a well-dispersed suspension of such particles in the lubricant. Form. The dispersant minimizes the risk of agglomeration of soot particles and also prevents sludge formation or agglomeration of suspended particles. Examples of dispersants which may be used in the compositions of the present invention include, in particular, high molecular weight succinates such as polyisobutenyl succinate and their reaction with amines, especially polyamines which form the corresponding polyisobutenyl succinimides Products and their salts, such as borates, and borated amino-phenol / formaldehyde condensates.
The dispersant is suitably used in an amount ranging from about 6 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, preferably about 4 to 8% by weight.
[0004]
The phthalates chosen for this purpose must be miscible with the base stock. Under these conditions, the phthalic acid ester usable in the present invention is an ester of phthalic acid having a carboxyl group at the 1,2- (ortho), 1,3- (meta) or 1,4- (para) position of the benzene ring. is there. The esters are suitably derived from monohydric alcohols having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 8 to 12 carbon atoms, most preferably monohydric alcohols having 9 or 10 carbon atoms. Particularly, esters of phthalic acid and nonyl or isononyl alcohol are most preferred. Esters of terephthalic acid, various isomers of phthalic acid, are preferred.
The phthalate is less than 5% by weight, suitably less than 1% by weight, preferably 0.05 to 0.99% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 0.6% by weight, for example 0.3 to 0.5%. It is suitably included in the lubricant composition in an amount by weight. The presence of phthalates in the compositions of the present invention allows soot to be better dissolved and / or dispersed in the lubricant, thereby minimizing its agglomeration and keeping it within a desired level. Control the viscosity of the lubricant. These desired levels will vary depending on the nature of the fuel burned and the engine oil used, the size of the engine and the operating conditions used. For a typical XUD11BTE passenger car engine test, the increase in viscosity due to soot is suitably no more than 125% of its initial value.
[0005]
The lubricant composition of the present invention can be prepared by blending the ester with the base stock with other ingredients using conventional lubricant blending methods.
The lubricant composition of the present invention may further contain conventional additives such as antioxidants, viscosity index improvers, extreme pressure additives, friction modifiers, corrosion inhibitors, emulsifiers, pour point depressants, detergents, It may contain an anti-wear, an antifoaming agent, and the like.
The performance of the additives of the present invention was tested by the following method involving the use of the industry standard test XUD11BTE (CEC L-56-T-95).
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the following examples.
[0006]
EXAMPLES The performance of lubricant compositions suitable for use in passenger car diesel engines was tested in accordance with industry standard test XUD11BTE (CEC L-56-T-95) for compositions with and without phthalate esters. The phthalates of the present invention were evaluated for their ability to control viscosity.
The lubricant was 5W-30 grade (ex Esso) and used a mixture of base stocks including synthetic ester components and typical Group III base stocks. A monofunctional OCP viscosity improver was used. The Detergent Package (DI) contains standard lubricating additives: detergents, dispersants, antiwear and antioxidants.
In one formulation, the Group III basestock was reduced by 3% by weight and diisononyl phthalate (JAY-DINP, ex Exxon Chemicals) was added at the 3% by weight level. The XUD11BTE engine test was performed in a 75 hour soot production mode under a series of operating conditions. Details of this engine test are given in the above industry procedure, namely CEC-L-56-T-95. The kinematic viscosity of the lubricant at 100 ° C. is measured as a function of time and soot (produced and dispersed) using the standard KV 1000 procedure. The viscosity of the lubricant at a soot concentration of 3% was chosen to indicate the end of the test conditions.
The following table shows the materials used and the performance of the two test oils. In these tables, the following abbreviations are used:
JAY-DINP-diisononyl phthalate (ex Exxon Chemicals)
DURASYN-61-polyalphaolefin (ex Albamaru)
MARCOL-172-White mineral oil (ex Esso)
YUBASE-4-a Group III basestock PTN-8002 having a viscosity of 4 cSt at 100 ° C-a viscosity index improver DI which is an olefin copolymer containing a pour point depressant-a calcium sulfonate detergent, a polyisobutenyl succinimide dispersant, A cleaning inhibitor package containing a secondary zinc zinc dithiophosphate antiwear agent, a mixture of phenol and amine antioxidants, rust inhibitors and defoamers.
Table 1 Lubricant composition
The performance of these lubricant compositions in diesel engines was then tested using the XUD11BTE engine test described above. The results are shown in Table 2 below.
[0009]
[Table 2] Table 2 Test results
The above results show that the addition of 3% phthalic acid ester (JAY-DINP) significantly reduces the increase in absolute viscosity. At the same time, both sludge control and piston cleanliness are improved as shown in the above results of sludge and piston merit.
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2000/009211 WO2002024840A1 (en) | 2000-09-20 | 2000-09-20 | Diesel engine lubricant composition |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2004510017A true JP2004510017A (en) | 2004-04-02 |
| JP2004510017A5 JP2004510017A5 (en) | 2007-11-08 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002529239A Pending JP2004510017A (en) | 2000-09-20 | 2000-09-20 | Diesel engine lubricant composition |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1337610A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2004510017A (en) |
| AU (2) | AU7521400A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR0017335A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2424838A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2002024840A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2003064574A1 (en) * | 2002-01-31 | 2003-08-07 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Lubricating oil compositions with improved friction properties |
| KR101951396B1 (en) * | 2011-05-12 | 2019-02-22 | 더루우브리졸코오포레이션 | Aromatic imides and esters as lubricant additives |
| DE202015009141U1 (en) | 2015-10-15 | 2016-11-03 | Tesa Se | Adhesive composition, in particular for stripable adhesive strips, and use for bonding to coated woodchip wallpaper |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3294500A (en) * | 1954-05-15 | 1966-12-27 | Bayer Ag | Fuel for internal combustion engines |
| US3974081A (en) * | 1974-07-31 | 1976-08-10 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Biodegradable seal swell additive with low toxicity properties for automatic transmission fluids, power transmission fluids and rotary engine oil applications |
| US4080303A (en) * | 1974-07-22 | 1978-03-21 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Lubricant compositions containing boron dispersant, VI improver, and aromatic carboxylic acid esters |
| JPH10237467A (en) * | 1997-02-26 | 1998-09-08 | Tonen Corp | Fuel oil composition for diesel engine |
| JPH10251680A (en) * | 1997-03-07 | 1998-09-22 | New Japan Chem Co Ltd | Engine oil composition |
| JPH11293266A (en) * | 1998-10-30 | 1999-10-26 | Nippon Mitsubishi Oil Corp | Lubricating base oil and lubricating oil composition for internal combustion engines |
| WO2000029520A1 (en) * | 1998-11-12 | 2000-05-25 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Lubricating oil compositions comprising phthalate esters |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2143460C1 (en) * | 1998-11-30 | 1999-12-27 | Волгин Сергей Николаевич | Fuel composition |
-
2000
- 2000-09-20 JP JP2002529239A patent/JP2004510017A/en active Pending
- 2000-09-20 AU AU7521400A patent/AU7521400A/en active Pending
- 2000-09-20 CA CA002424838A patent/CA2424838A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-09-20 WO PCT/EP2000/009211 patent/WO2002024840A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2000-09-20 EP EP00964214A patent/EP1337610A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-09-20 AU AU2000275214A patent/AU2000275214B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2000-09-20 BR BR0017335-5A patent/BR0017335A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3294500A (en) * | 1954-05-15 | 1966-12-27 | Bayer Ag | Fuel for internal combustion engines |
| US4080303A (en) * | 1974-07-22 | 1978-03-21 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Lubricant compositions containing boron dispersant, VI improver, and aromatic carboxylic acid esters |
| US3974081A (en) * | 1974-07-31 | 1976-08-10 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Biodegradable seal swell additive with low toxicity properties for automatic transmission fluids, power transmission fluids and rotary engine oil applications |
| JPH10237467A (en) * | 1997-02-26 | 1998-09-08 | Tonen Corp | Fuel oil composition for diesel engine |
| JPH10251680A (en) * | 1997-03-07 | 1998-09-22 | New Japan Chem Co Ltd | Engine oil composition |
| JPH11293266A (en) * | 1998-10-30 | 1999-10-26 | Nippon Mitsubishi Oil Corp | Lubricating base oil and lubricating oil composition for internal combustion engines |
| WO2000029520A1 (en) * | 1998-11-12 | 2000-05-25 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Lubricating oil compositions comprising phthalate esters |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU7521400A (en) | 2002-04-02 |
| CA2424838A1 (en) | 2002-03-28 |
| WO2002024840A1 (en) | 2002-03-28 |
| BR0017335A (en) | 2003-07-01 |
| AU2000275214B2 (en) | 2006-04-27 |
| EP1337610A1 (en) | 2003-08-27 |
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