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JP2004337990A - Rolling bearing processing method - Google Patents

Rolling bearing processing method Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004337990A
JP2004337990A JP2003133872A JP2003133872A JP2004337990A JP 2004337990 A JP2004337990 A JP 2004337990A JP 2003133872 A JP2003133872 A JP 2003133872A JP 2003133872 A JP2003133872 A JP 2003133872A JP 2004337990 A JP2004337990 A JP 2004337990A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
processing
hardness
workpiece
rolling bearing
roller
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2003133872A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Takeyuki Yoshiba
岳雪 吉場
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NSK Ltd
Original Assignee
NSK Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NSK Ltd filed Critical NSK Ltd
Priority to JP2003133872A priority Critical patent/JP2004337990A/en
Publication of JP2004337990A publication Critical patent/JP2004337990A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rolling bearing machining method which enables an effective removal of a burr etc. of component parts of a rolling bearing, and minimizes scratching of the component parts even if washing of the component parts is insufficient. <P>SOLUTION: According to the method, barrel grinding is carried out by using media which are formed of a walnut material lower in hardness than a roller 12 and a lace 11 with a coating of alumina higher in hardness than the roller 12 and the lace 11, and therefore machining (burr removal etc.) of the roller 12 and the lace 11 is efficiently carried out. Therefore even if the media remain on the roller 12 and the lace 11 due to insufficient washing thereof after the machining and engage with a gap between the roller 12 and the lace 11, the media are easily crushed because they are formed of the walnut material as a base material, which leads to suppression of transfer or scratching onto an engaged portion. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、カーエアコン用コンプレッサ、自動変速機用プラネタリユニット等に使用されると好適な転がり軸受の加工方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、転がり軸受の軌道輪(レース)には、バレルによる加工処理を施している。バレル加工とは、一般的には、バレル漕中にメディア、コンパウンドおよび被加工部材(ここでは軌道輪)を入れ、回転、振動などにより被加工部材とメディアに相対摺動を生じさせ、被加工部材の表面を研磨する加工をいう。転がり軸受の部品にバレル加工を施す例は、たとえば以下の特許文献1に記載されている

【特許文献1】
特開平9−76029号公報
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
このようなバレル加工においては、軌道輪の熱処理によるスケール除去、バリ取り、粗さの向上等を目的として、バレル時の砥粒(メディア)に酸化アルミナ(Al)、酸化ケイ素(Si)等を用いており、一般的にはチップと呼ばれる小石のようなメディアと、コンパウンドと呼ばれる粉状のメディアを混在させて加工を行っている。しかしながら、この加工によると、バレル後の洗浄工程が不十分であった場合、バレル時の砥粒が完全に除去できず残ってしまうことがあった。
【0004】
一方、潤滑条件が厳しい環境下(カーエアコン用コンプレッサ、自動変速機用プラネタリユニット等)で使用される転がり軸受においては、使用条件(高温、高荷重等)によっては油膜が十分に形成されない場合も生じうる。従って、カーエアコン用コンプレッサ等に使用した転がり軸受においては、転動体と保持器同士、転動体と軌道輪(レース)同士が金属接触する可能性があるが、上述したように不十分な洗浄によって軌道輪から砥粒を除去しきれなかった場合、転動体等の異常摩耗が発生し、最終的には転動体、軌道輪(レース)のフレーキングに至り転がり軸受の回転不具合等の発生が懸念される。かかる不具合を防止するためには、バレル後の洗浄を念入りに行う必要が生じ、それによりコスト高を招く。
【0005】
これに対し、転がり軸受の部品より低硬度な砥粒を用いて、かかる部品を加工する試みがある。かかる場合、転がり軸受の部品(例えばSUJ2)より低硬度の素材(例えばくるみ材)を砥粒として用いて加工を行えば、万が一洗浄が不十分であって砥粒が残留し、かかる砥粒が転がり軸受の使用時に、たとえば軌道輪と転動体との間に噛み込まれても、それら部品より低硬度であることから、部品表面に傷を付ける恐れがなく、転がり軸受の回転不具合等を招かないという特徴を有する。
【0006】
ところが、転がり軸受の部品(例えばSUJ2)より低硬度の素材(例えばくるみ材)を砥粒として用いると、軌道輪や保持器等のバリを完全に除去できない場合があることが判明した。従って、このバリによる摩耗、傷等による別な不具合が発生することが懸念される。さらには、軌道輪に適用した際には研削力が弱いため、意図した面性状が得られず軸受の性能や耐久性にも悪影響を及ぼす恐れがあることも判明した。
【0007】
本発明は、かかる問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、転がり軸受の部品のバリ等を有効に除去できるにもかかわらず、洗浄が不十分であっても部品のキズ付きを抑制できる転がり軸受の加工方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の転がり軸受の加工方法は、転がり軸受を構成する軌道面を有する軌道輪、転動体、保持器の少なくとも一つを被加工部材として加工する加工方法において、
前記被加工部材より低硬度の素材に前記被加工部材より高硬度の素材をコーティングしたメディアを、前記被加工部材に接触させて加工を行うことを特徴とする。
【0009】
【作用】
本発明の転がり軸受の加工方法によれば、前記被加工部材より低硬度の素材に前記被加工部材より高硬度の素材をコーティングしたメディアを、前記被加工部材に接触させて加工を行うことにより、コーティングされた前記高硬度の素材を用いて前記被加工材の効率的な加工(バリ取り等)を行うことができ、且つ加工後の洗浄が不十分で前記メディアが残留した場合において、前記転がり軸受の動作時に、前記転動体と前記保持器との間や、前記転動体と前記軌道輪との間に前記メディアが噛み込まれても、前記低硬度の素材を母材としているため容易に潰れ、噛み込んだ部分への転写や傷付きが抑制される。尚、前記低硬度の素材は、たとえば前記被加工部材の硬度の半分以下が望ましく、具体的にはHv300以下であると好ましい。一方、前記高硬度の素材は、Hv1000以上であると好ましい。尚、コーティングとは、前記低硬度の素材に、それより小さい前記高硬度の素材を接着剤等を用いて付着させることなどをいうが、両者を結合させることができるのであれば、コーティング手法はそれに限られない。
【0010】
更に、前記低硬度の素材は、クルミ材、とうもろこし材のごとき非金属材であると好ましい。
【0011】
又、前記高硬度の素材は、アルミナ材、シリカ材のごときセラミック材であると好ましい。より具体的なメディアとしては、クルミの外殻及びコーンコブに、アルミナ、酸化クローム、酸化鉄等の研磨剤を油脂系のコーティング剤で強固に付着させたものを用いることができる。このようなメディアは、チップトンソフトメディア(商品名)として株式会社チップトンより上市されているが、勿論これに限られることはない。
【0012】
更に、前記加工はバレル加工であると好ましいが、それ以外にも、ショットピーニング加工、ショットブラスト加工等にも適用可能である。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。図1は、スラストニードル軸受の部分断面図である。図1において、転がり軸受であるスラストニードル軸受は、軌道面を有する軌道輪であるスラストレース11、転動体(ころ)12、保持器13の軸受部品から構成されている。
【0014】
スラストレース11、転動体(ころ)12および保持器13の軸受部品は、SUJ2等の金属素材から形成されており、保持器13には、転動体12を転動自在に保持する複数のポケットがスラストレース11の円周方向に等間隔で形成されている。
【0015】
転動体12及びこれと接触する軸受部品(被加工部材という)の表面(スラストレース11のレース面11a及び保持器13のポケット内面13a等)には、熱処理時のスケールやバリなどを除去するために、被加工部材より低硬度の素材(くるみ材等)に被加工部材より高硬度の素材(アルミナ等)をコーティングしたメディアを用いて、被加工部材をバレル研削加工が施されている。
【0016】
上述したスラストニードル軸受の軸受部品をバレル研削加工するときに、被加工部材より低硬度の素材に前記被加工部材より高硬度の素材をコーティングしたメディアを、前記被加工部材に接触させてバレル研削加工を行うことにより、軸受部品の母材よりも硬さの低い砥粒を用いて軸受部品の表面を研削加工すると、メディアの表面にコーティングされた高硬度の素材を用いて被加工材のスケールやバリを効率的に除去でき、且つ加工後の洗浄が不十分でメディアが残留した場合に、スラストニードル軸受の動作時に、ころ12と保持器13との間や、ころ12とスラストレース11との間にメディアが噛み込まれても、低硬度の素材を母材としているため容易に潰れ、噛み込んだ部分への転写や傷付きが抑制される。
【0017】
(実施例)
本発明の効果を確認するために発明者が実施した試験の結果を以下に示す。
[試験条件]
・供試軸受:φ40×φ60×t5(動定格荷重:24,000N)のスラストニードル軸受
・アキシアル荷重:3,000N
・ラジアル荷重:ON
・回転数:2,000min−1
・潤滑油:白灯油
・試験時間:60min
・レース、ころのバレル研削加工に用いたメディア:
実施例▲1▼(くるみ材+セラミック系コンパウンド)
比較例▲2▼(くるみ材のみ)
比較例▲3▼(ガラスビーズのみ)
【0018】
上記試験では、供試軸受のレースところを、実施例▲1▼、比較例▲2▼、▲3▼のメディアをそれぞれ用いてバレル研削加工し、加工後に粗さ測定を行って、その後耐久試験に供試した。かかる試験結果を表1に示す。実施例▲1▼では、レース面粗さ、ころ粗さが、比較例▲2▼、▲3▼に比して小さくなっているにもかかわらず、耐久試験後にレース摩耗が生じないことが確認された。一方、比較例▲2▼、▲3▼では、耐久試験に供試した結果、レース摩耗が認められた。
【表1】

Figure 2004337990
【0019】
尚、本発明にかかるメディアを用いる加工としてはバレル加工でなくとも、バリ取り、スケール除去等が可能であれば、ショットブラスト、ショットピーニング等の加工でも構わない。
【0020】
以上、本発明を実施の形態を参照して説明してきたが、本発明は上記実施の形態に限定されることなく、その発明の範囲内で変更・改良が可能であることはもちろんである。
【0021】
【発明の効果】
本発明の転がり軸受の加工方法によれば、被加工部材より低硬度の素材に前記被加工部材より高硬度の素材をコーティングしたメディアを、前記被加工部材に接触させて加工を行うことにより、コーティングされた前記高硬度の素材を用いて前記被加工材の効率的な加工(バリ取り等)を行うことができ、且つ加工後の洗浄が不十分で前記メディアが残留した場合において、前記転がり軸受の動作時に、前記転動体と前記保持器との間や、前記転動体と前記軌道輪との間に前記メディアが噛み込まれても、前記低硬度の素材を母材としているため容易に潰れ、噛み込んだ部分への転写や傷付きが抑制される。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】スラストニードル軸受の部分断面図である。
【符号の説明】
11 スラストレース
12 ころ
13 保持器[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a rolling bearing machining method suitable for use in a compressor for a car air conditioner, a planetary unit for an automatic transmission, and the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a raceway of a rolling bearing has been processed by a barrel. In general, barrel processing involves placing a medium, a compound, and a workpiece (here, a bearing ring) in a barrel tank, and causing relative rotation between the workpiece and the medium by rotation, vibration, or the like, thereby forming a workpiece. A process of polishing the surface of a member. An example of performing barrel processing on a rolling bearing component is described in, for example, Patent Document 1 below.
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-9-76029
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In such barrel processing, alumina oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) and silicon oxide (Si) are used as abrasive grains (media) in the barrel for the purpose of removing scale, removing burrs, improving roughness, etc. by heat treatment of the bearing ring. 2 O 3 ) or the like is used, and processing is generally performed by mixing media such as pebbles called chips and powdery media called compounds. However, according to this processing, if the cleaning process after the barrel is insufficient, the abrasive grains at the time of the barrel may not be completely removed and may remain.
[0004]
On the other hand, in the case of rolling bearings used in environments with severe lubrication conditions (compressors for car air conditioners, planetary units for automatic transmissions, etc.), an oil film may not be formed sufficiently depending on the use conditions (high temperature, high load, etc.). Can occur. Therefore, in a rolling bearing used for a compressor for a car air conditioner or the like, there is a possibility that the rolling elements and the cages and the rolling elements and the races (races) make metal contact with each other, but due to insufficient cleaning as described above. If the abrasive grains cannot be completely removed from the raceway, abnormal wear of the rolling elements will occur, eventually leading to flaking of the rolling elements and races (races), which may cause problems with rotation of the rolling bearings. Is done. In order to prevent such a problem, it is necessary to carefully perform post-barrel cleaning, thereby increasing costs.
[0005]
On the other hand, there has been an attempt to process such parts using abrasive grains having a lower hardness than the parts of the rolling bearing. In such a case, if processing is performed using a material (for example, walnut material) having a lower hardness than the rolling bearing parts (for example, SUJ2) as abrasive grains, cleaning is insufficient and the abrasive grains will remain, and such abrasive grains will remain. When a rolling bearing is used, for example, if it is caught between the race and the rolling element, the hardness is lower than those parts, so there is no danger of damaging the surface of the parts, which may lead to rotation failure of the rolling bearings. It has the feature that there is no.
[0006]
However, it has been found that when a material (for example, a walnut material) having a lower hardness than a rolling bearing component (for example, SUJ2) is used as abrasive grains, burrs such as a raceway and a retainer may not be completely removed. Therefore, there is a concern that another problem may occur due to wear, scratches, and the like due to the burr. Furthermore, it was also found that when applied to a bearing ring, the grinding force was weak, and the intended surface properties could not be obtained, which could adversely affect the performance and durability of the bearing.
[0007]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and a rolling bearing that can effectively remove burrs and the like of parts of a rolling bearing but can suppress scratches of the parts even if cleaning is insufficient. An object of the present invention is to provide a processing method.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The processing method of the rolling bearing of the present invention is a processing method of processing at least one of a bearing ring having a raceway surface forming a rolling bearing, a rolling element, and a cage as a workpiece,
The method is characterized in that a medium in which a material having a lower hardness than the workpiece is coated with a material having a higher hardness than the workpiece is brought into contact with the workpiece to perform processing.
[0009]
[Action]
According to the processing method of the rolling bearing of the present invention, by processing a medium in which a material having a lower hardness than the workpiece is coated with a material having a higher hardness than the workpiece, by contacting the workpiece with the workpiece, and performing the processing. In the case where the material to be processed can be efficiently processed (such as deburring) using the coated hard material, and the medium remains after cleaning due to insufficient cleaning, Even when the medium is bitten between the rolling element and the retainer or between the rolling element and the bearing ring during the operation of the rolling bearing, the base material is the low-hardness material, so that it is easy to use. And transfer to the biting portion and scratching are suppressed. The low-hardness material is desirably, for example, half or less of the hardness of the workpiece, specifically, Hv300 or less. On the other hand, the high hardness material is preferably Hv1000 or more. In addition, coating refers to, for example, attaching the lower hardness material to the lower hardness material using an adhesive or the like, but if both can be combined, the coating method is as follows. Not limited to that.
[0010]
Further, the low-hardness material is preferably a nonmetal material such as a walnut material and a corn material.
[0011]
Preferably, the high hardness material is a ceramic material such as an alumina material and a silica material. As a more specific medium, a medium in which an abrasive such as alumina, chromium oxide, iron oxide, or the like is firmly adhered to a walnut shell and corn cob with an oil-based coating agent can be used. Such media is marketed by Tipton Co., Ltd. as Tipton Soft Media (trade name), but is not limited to this.
[0012]
Further, the above-mentioned processing is preferably a barrel processing, but it is also applicable to a shot peening processing, a shot blast processing or the like.
[0013]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view of the thrust needle bearing. In FIG. 1, the thrust needle bearing as a rolling bearing includes a thrust trace 11, which is a bearing ring having a raceway surface, a rolling element (roller) 12, and bearing parts of a retainer 13.
[0014]
The bearing components of the thrust trace 11, the rolling elements (rollers) 12, and the cage 13 are formed of a metal material such as SUJ2, and the cage 13 has a plurality of pockets for rollingably holding the rolling elements 12. The thrust traces 11 are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.
[0015]
The surfaces of the rolling elements 12 and the bearing parts (to be processed) that come into contact therewith (such as the race surface 11a of the thrust trace 11 and the pocket inner surface 13a of the retainer 13) are used to remove scale and burrs during heat treatment. In addition, the workpiece is subjected to barrel grinding using a medium in which a material having a lower hardness than the workpiece (such as a walnut material) is coated with a material having a higher hardness (such as alumina) than the workpiece.
[0016]
When the above-described thrust needle bearing is subjected to barrel grinding, a medium in which a material having a lower hardness than the workpiece is coated with a material having a higher hardness than the workpiece is brought into contact with the workpiece to perform barrel grinding. When the surface of the bearing component is ground using abrasive grains that are lower in hardness than the base material of the bearing component, the scale of the workpiece is scaled using a high-hardness material coated on the media surface. When the thrust needle bearing is in operation, when the thrust needle bearing is in operation, between the roller 12 and the thrust trace 11, when the medium remains due to insufficient cleaning after processing and burrs can be efficiently removed. Even if the medium is caught in between, the material is easily crushed because the base material is a low-hardness material, and transfer and damage to the caught portion are suppressed.
[0017]
(Example)
The results of tests performed by the inventors to confirm the effects of the present invention are shown below.
[Test condition]
・ Test bearing: φ40 × φ60 × t5 (dynamic rated load: 24,000N) thrust needle bearing ・ Axial load: 3,000N
・ Radial load: ON
・ Rotational speed: 2,000 min -1
・ Lubricant: White kerosene ・ Test time: 60 min
・ Media used for barrel grinding of races and rollers:
Example (1) (walnut material + ceramic compound)
Comparative Example 2 (walnut only)
Comparative Example 3 (only glass beads)
[0018]
In the above test, the race of the test bearing was barrel-ground using the media of Example (1), Comparative Examples (2) and (3), and the roughness was measured after the processing, and then the durability test was performed. Was tested. Table 1 shows the test results. In Example (1), it was confirmed that race wear did not occur after the durability test, although the race surface roughness and the roller roughness were smaller than those of Comparative Examples (2) and (3). Was done. On the other hand, in Comparative Examples (2) and (3), race wear was observed as a result of the durability test.
[Table 1]
Figure 2004337990
[0019]
The processing using the medium according to the present invention is not limited to barrel processing, but may be processing such as shot blasting or shot peening as long as deburring and scale removal can be performed.
[0020]
As described above, the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments. However, it is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be changed and improved within the scope of the present invention.
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
According to the processing method of the rolling bearing of the present invention, by processing a medium coated with a material having a lower hardness than the workpiece and a material having a higher hardness than the workpiece, by performing the processing by contacting the workpiece. Efficient processing (such as deburring) of the workpiece can be performed using the coated high-hardness material, and when the medium remains due to insufficient cleaning after processing, the rolling can be performed. During the operation of the bearing, even if the medium is bitten between the rolling element and the retainer, or between the rolling element and the race, the low-hardness material is used as a base material, so that it is easily formed. Crushing, transfer to the biting portion and scratching are suppressed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view of a thrust needle bearing.
[Explanation of symbols]
11 Thrust race 12 Roller 13 Cage

Claims (4)

転がり軸受を構成する軌道面を有する軌道輪、転動体、保持器の少なくとも一つを被加工部材として加工する加工方法において、
前記被加工部材より低硬度の素材に前記被加工部材より高硬度の素材をコーティングしたメディアを、前記被加工部材に接触させて加工を行うことを特徴とする転がり軸受の加工方法。
In a processing method of processing at least one of a bearing ring having a raceway surface constituting a rolling bearing, a rolling element, and a retainer as a workpiece,
A method for processing a rolling bearing, wherein a medium in which a material having a lower hardness than the workpiece is coated with a material having a higher hardness than the workpiece is brought into contact with the workpiece to perform the processing.
前記低硬度の素材は、非金属材であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の転がり軸受の加工方法。The method according to claim 1, wherein the low-hardness material is a non-metallic material. 前記高硬度の素材は、セラミック材であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の転がり軸受の加工方法。The method according to claim 1, wherein the high-hardness material is a ceramic material. 前記加工はバレル加工であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載の転がり軸受の加工方法。The method according to claim 1, wherein the processing is barrel processing.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109333326A (en) * 2018-11-02 2019-02-15 南京仁恒轴承滚动体有限公司 A kind of efficient needle roller polishing method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109333326A (en) * 2018-11-02 2019-02-15 南京仁恒轴承滚动体有限公司 A kind of efficient needle roller polishing method
CN109333326B (en) * 2018-11-02 2022-09-09 南京仁恒轴承滚动体有限公司 Efficient needle roller polishing method

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