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JP2004300116A - Pentafluorophenyl derivative and liquid crystal - Google Patents

Pentafluorophenyl derivative and liquid crystal Download PDF

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JP2004300116A
JP2004300116A JP2003098234A JP2003098234A JP2004300116A JP 2004300116 A JP2004300116 A JP 2004300116A JP 2003098234 A JP2003098234 A JP 2003098234A JP 2003098234 A JP2003098234 A JP 2003098234A JP 2004300116 A JP2004300116 A JP 2004300116A
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formula
compound
liquid crystal
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Japanese (ja)
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Toshio Itahara
俊夫 板原
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  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new compound having pentafluorophenyl group substituted at the molecular terminal and provide a useful liquid crystal material. <P>SOLUTION: The biphenyl derivative having a pentafluorophenyl group substituted at the terminal is expressed by formula I (n is 2-12). The invention further relates to a method for producing the new compound and a liquid crystal material containing at least one kind of the compound. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明が属する技術分野】
本発明は、新規化合物に関する。より詳しくは、ペンタフルオロフェニル基を末端に置換したビフェニル誘導体およびその製法、これらを用いた液晶に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
特開平11−302207号(以下、特許文献1という)、特開平2001−026561号(以下、特許文献2という)、特開平2001−026560号(以下、特許文献3という)、特開平2001−354600号(以下、特許文献4という)、特開平2001−354601号(以下、特許文献5という)などには芳香環にフッ素原子を導入した液晶の記載がある。
特開平10−237286号(以下、特許文献6という)にはペンタフルオロフェノールとクロロホルムを液晶性樹脂の溶媒とするとの記載がある。
特開平05−269153号(以下、特許文献7という)、特開平2001−354628号(以下、特許文献8という)、特開平2002−062650号(以下、特許文献9という)、特開平2002−226491号(以下、特許文献10という)などにはペンタフルオロフェニル基を末端に置換した化合物のデンタルフロス、悪性腫瘍性高カルシウム血症治療剤、四肢型筋萎縮症治療剤、感光性樹脂ワニスなどへの利用の記載がある。
【0003】
【特許文献1】
特開平11−302207号公報
【特許文献2】
特開平2001−026561号公報
【特許文献3】
特開平2001−026560号公報
【特許文献4】
特開平2001−354600号公報
【特許文献5】
特開平2001−354601号公報
【特許文献6】
特開平10−237286号公報
【特許文献7】
特開平05−269153号公報
【特許文献8】
特開平2001−354628号公報
【特許文献9】
特開平2002−062650号公報
【特許文献10】
特開平2002−226491号公報
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、特許文献1〜10を含め、これまでペンタフルオロフェニル基を末端に置換した液晶分子の合成、およびそれを用いた液晶材料の報告は無い。本発明は、ペンタフルオロフェニル基を末端に置換することを特徴とした新規で有用な液晶材料を提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本願発明者は、鋭意研究の結果、ペンタフルオロフェニル基を末端に置換したビフェニル誘導体である式Iの化合物を合成し、その物性を明らかにすることにより発明を完成し、上記課題を解決した。本発明の式Iの化合物はケミカルアブストラクトに登録されていない新規な化合物である。
【0006】
本発明にいう液晶とは、化合物の温度を上げたときの液晶、または他の化合物と混合したときの液晶、またはある特定の溶媒に溶解させたときの液晶をいう。
【0007】
かくして、本発明に従えば、4−シアノ−4’−ヒドロキシビフェニルを炭素数2から12のメチレン鎖で連結し、ペンタフルオロフェノールと反応させることにより式Iの化合物が提供される。
【0008】
【化4】

Figure 2004300116
(式中、n=2〜12)
【0009】
本発明の式Iの新規化合物はペンタフルオロフェニル基を末端に置換したビフェニル誘導体であり、その好ましい態様は降温過程だけでなく昇温過程でも液晶性を示す互変液晶で、その液晶温度が低く、スメクチック液晶相を示す、などを含む特徴を提供する。
【0010】
さらに本発明は、上記のペンタフルオロフェニル誘導体の製法に関するもので、4−シアノ−4’−ヒドロキシビフェニルに式II
【0011】
【化5】
Figure 2004300116
(式中、n=2〜12; Xはハロゲン原子)
を反応させ式IIIの化合物を合成し、
【0012】
【化6】
Figure 2004300116
(式中、n=2〜12; Xはハロゲン原子)
次いで、式IIIの化合物とペンタフルオロフェノールを反応させて得られる式Iの本発明の化合物を製造する方法である。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
次ぎに式Iの化合物の合成と、それらの物性の特徴について述べる。
【0014】
4−シアノ−4’−ヒドロキシビフェニルとα,ω―ジブロモアルカンの等モルを有機溶媒例えばN,N―ジメチルホルムアミドに溶かし、炭酸カリウム等モルを加え12時間から24時間室温で攪拌する。反応液をろ過し、ろ液の溶媒を蒸留し、残渣をクロロホルムに溶解し、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフ(展開溶媒:クロロホルムとヘキサンの混合溶媒)で分離する。式IIIの化合物たとえばα−ブロモ−ω―(4−シアノビフェニル−4’−イルオキシ)アルカンを得る。α,ω―ジブロモアルカンの他にα,ω―ジクロロアルカンやα,ω―ジヨードアルカンでも同様の反応が起こる。
(反応式1)
【0015】
【化7】
Figure 2004300116
(ただし、Xはハロゲン原子)
【0016】
反応式1の生成物である式IIIの化合物、例えばα−ブロモ−ω―(4−シアノビフェニル−4’−イルオキシ)アルカンとペンタフルオロフェノールの等モルを有機溶媒(例えば、N,N―ジメチルホルムアミド、DMSO、アセトン、アルコールの少なくとも一種を含む)に溶かす。これにアルカリ金属塩(例えば、炭酸セシウム、炭酸カリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、水素化ナトリウム、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム)の等モルを加える。その反応液を12時間から24時間室温で攪拌する。反応液をろ過し、ろ液の溶媒を蒸留する。その残渣をクロロホルムに溶解し、シリカゲルクロマトグラフ(展開溶媒:クロロホルムとヘキサンの混合溶媒)で分離し、式Iの化合物を得る。
(反応式2)
【0017】
【化8】
Figure 2004300116
【0018】
本発明の式Iの化合物は水素核磁気共鳴スペクトル(図1)、炭素核磁気共鳴スペクトル(図2)、赤外吸収スペクトルなどにより同定された。炭素核磁気共鳴スペクトル(図2)において式Iの化合物のペンタフルオロフェニル基はδ133からδ144の領域に炭素とフッ素の間のカップリングにより複雑なピークとして現れている。
【0019】
本発明の式Iのペンタフルオロフェニルを末端に置換したビフェニル化合物は他の置換フェニルを末端に置換した式IVのビフェニル化合物と物性が大きく異なるという特徴を有する。
【0020】
【化9】
Figure 2004300116
(式中、R=NO、R=H; R=CN,R=H; R=OMe,R=H;R=H,R=NO
【0021】
式IVの化合物は式Iの化合物と同様の方法で、式Iの化合物の合成におけるペンタフルオロフェノールの代わりに各種置換フェノールを式IIIの化合物に反応させることで合成される。すなわち、反応式1の生成物である式IIIの化合物、α−ブロモ−ω―(4−シアノビフェニル−4’−イルオキシ)ドデカンと各種フェノール類の等モルをN,N―ジメチルホルムアミドに溶かし、炭酸カリウムの等モルを加え12時間から24時間室温で攪拌する。反応液をろ過し、ろ液の溶媒を蒸留し、残渣をクロロホルムに溶解し、シリカゲルクロマトグラフ(展開溶媒:クロロホルム)で分離し、式IVの化合物を得る。なお式IVの化合物は新規物質で、その構造は水素核磁気共鳴スペクトル、炭素核磁気共鳴スペクトル、赤外吸収スペクトルなどにより同定された。
(反応式3)
【0022】
【化10】
Figure 2004300116
(式中、R=NO、R=H; R=CN,R=H; R=OMe,R=H;R=H,R=NO
【0023】
すなわち式IVの各種の置換フェニルを末端に結合したビフェニル化合物は昇温過程では液晶性を示さず、降温過程でのみ狭い温度範囲で液晶性を示す。一方本発明の式Iの化合物は降温過程だけでなく昇温過程でも液晶性を示すものが多い。ただし式Iのアルキル鎖の数nが10、11、7のときは、昇温過程では液晶性を示さず、降温過程でのみ液晶性を示す。また式Iのアルキル鎖の数nが5のときは、液晶性を示さない。
さらに式IVの化合物の示す液晶温度が高いのに対し、式Iの化合物は低い温度で液晶性を示すという特徴を有する。特に式Iのアルキル鎖の数nが12と6の化合物は常温に近い低い温度での顕著な互変液晶性を示す(図3)。以上のように式Iの化合物は液晶材料の主成分或いは液晶組成物の1成分として有効に用いることができる。
【0024】
【実施例】
実施例として式Iの化合物のn=12とn=6の合成を示す。以下に、本発明の実施例を示すが、本発明はこの実施例によって制限されるものではない。
【0025】
実施例1: (反応式1、n=12の場合)
4−シアノ−4’−ヒドロキシビフェニル(アメリカ合衆国Aldrich社製)10mmolと1,12−ジブロモドデカン(アメリカ合衆国Aldrich社製)10mmolを、N,N―ジメチルホルムアミド(特級試薬 ナカライ工業株式会社)200mlに溶かし、炭酸カリウム(特級試薬 ナカライ工業株式会社)10mmolを加え15時間室温で攪拌した。反応液をろ過し、ろ液の溶媒を蒸留し、残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフ(展開溶媒:クロロホルムとヘキサンの混合溶媒)で分離し、反応式1の生成物としてα−ブロモ−ω―(4−シアノビフェニル−4’−イルオキシ)ドデカンを収率74%で、で得た。
【0026】
実施例2: (反応式1、n=6の場合)
4−シアノ−4’−ヒドロキシビフェニル10mmolと1,6−ジブロモヘキサン(特級試薬 ナカライ工業株式会社)10mmolを、N,N―ジメチルホルムアミド200mlに溶かし、炭酸カリウム10mmolを加え15時間室温で攪拌した。反応液をろ過し、ろ液の溶媒を蒸留し、残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフ(展開溶媒:クロロホルムとヘキサンの混合溶媒)で分離した。反応式1の生成物としてα−ブロモ−ω―(4−シアノビフェニル−4’−イルオキシ)ヘキサンを収率65%で、で得た。
【0027】
実施例3: (反応式2、n=12の場合)
実施例1の生成物α−ブロモ−ω―(4−シアノビフェニル−4’−イルオキシ)ドデカン1mmolとペンタフルオロフェノール(アメリカ合衆国Aldrich社製)1mmolをN,N―ジメチルホルムアミド30mlに溶かし、炭酸セシウム1mmolを加え15時間室温で攪拌した。反応液をろ過し、ろ液の溶媒を蒸留し、残渣を薄層シリカゲルクロマトグラフ(展開溶媒:クロロホルムとヘキサンの混合溶媒)で分離した。反応式2の生成物として式Iの化合物(n=12)を収率35%で得た。その構造は水素核磁気共鳴スペクトル、炭素核磁気共鳴スペクトル、赤外吸収スペクトルなどにより同定された。
【0028】
実施例4: (反応式2、n=6の場合)
実施例2の生成物α−ブロモ−ω―(4−シアノビフェニル−4’−イルオキシ)ヘキサン1mmolとペンタフルオロフェノール1mmolをN,N―ジメチルホルムアミド30mlに溶かし、炭酸カリウム1mmolを加え15時間室温で攪拌した。反応液をろ過し、ろ液の溶媒を蒸留し、残渣を薄層シリカゲルクロマトグラフ(展開溶媒:クロロホルムとヘキサンの混合溶媒)で分離した。反応式2の生成物として式Iの化合物(n=6)を収率31%で得た。水素核磁気共鳴スペクトル、炭素核磁気共鳴スペクトル、赤外吸収スペクトルなどにより同定された。
【0029】
実施例5:式Iの化合物の相転移
式Iの化合物の熱量変化を示差走査熱量計(DSC)により測定した。さらに式Iの化合物の熱的変化における相組織はホットプレート上での偏光顕微鏡観察により明らかにした。式Iの化合物の中で炭素数が5を除きいずれも液晶性を持っており、偏光顕微鏡で低温部においてはいずれもスメクチック相になることが観察された(図4)。式Iの化合物の相転移温度を表1に示す。なおDSCでの温度の上昇および降下は3℃/minで測定した。なお表1の降温過程で15℃までに結晶化の観測されなった場合はrtと記載した。ただしいずれの化合物も室温で12時間以上放置すると結晶化した。
【0030】
【表1】
Figure 2004300116
K: 結晶、 N: ネマチック液晶、 Sm: スメクチック液晶、
I: 等方性液体
【0031】
実施例5:式Iの化合物の相転移
実施例3(n=12)と実施例4(n=6)で得られた式Iの化合物を1対1の割合で混合し、示差走査熱量計(DSC)により測定した。相転移温度の結果は、Sm 60 I 58 Sm rt であった。低温での液晶性を示した。
【0032】
比較例として式IVの化合物のR=NO、R=Hの合成例と式IVの化合物の液晶範囲について述べる。
比較例1 : (反応式3、n=12の場合)
実施例1で合成したα−ブロモ−ω―(4−シアノビフェニル−4’−イルオキシ)ドデカン1mmolとp−ニトロフェノール(特級試薬 ナカライ工業株式会社)1mmolをN,N―ジメチルホルムアミド30mlに溶かし、炭酸カリウム1mmolを加え15時間室温で攪拌した。反応液をろ過し、ろ液の溶媒を蒸留し、残渣を薄層シリカゲルクロマトグラフ(展開溶媒:クロロホルムとヘキサンの混合溶媒)で分離した。生成物として式IVの化合物(R=NO、R=H)を収率62%で得た。
【0033】
比較例2: 式IVの化合物の相転移
式IVの化合物の熱量変化を示差走査熱量計(DSC)により測定した。さらに式IVの化合物の熱的変化における相組織はホットプレート上での偏光顕微鏡観察により明らかにした。式IVの化合物の相転移温度を表2に示す。表1に記載した式Iの化合物の液晶性と比較すると、式IVの化合物はいずれも昇温過程では液晶性を示さず、降温過程で過冷却状態のみ狭い温度範囲(10℃以内)でネマチック液晶性を示した。また式Iの化合物の液晶性が低い温度であるのに対し、式IVの化合物は式Iの化合物に比較し高い温度(90〜100℃)で液晶性を示した。なお式IVの化合物のDSCは温度の上昇および降下を5℃/minで測定した。
【0034】
【表2】
Figure 2004300116
K: 結晶、 N: ネマチック液晶、 I: 等方性液体
【0035】
【発明の効果】
以上の説明から理解されるように本発明の新規な化合物を得た。
この新規な化合物は、末端にペンタフルオロフェニル基を置換することを特徴としたビフェニル誘導体である。この化合物の液晶温度範囲は広く、しかも液晶温度は低い(50℃以下)という特徴がある。特にアルキル鎖の数nが6とアルキル鎖の数nが12は常温に近い低い温度範囲での顕著な互変液晶性を示す。またその液晶相の特徴はいずれも低温部でスメクチック液晶を示すことにある。以上のように末端にペンタフルオロフェニル基を置換すること特徴としたビフェニル誘導体は液晶材料の主成分或いは液晶組成物の1成分として有効に用いることができるという点で極めて有用な液晶材料となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】式Iの炭素数12と炭素数6のメチレン鎖からなる化合物の水素核磁気共鳴スペクトル(H−NMR)の図である。
【図2】式Iの炭素数10と炭素数6のメチレン鎖からなる化合物の炭素核磁気共鳴スペクトル(13C−NMR)の図である。
【図3】式Iの炭素数12と炭素数6のメチレン鎖からなる化合物のDSCチャート図である。
【図4】式Iの化合物と式IVの化合物の偏光顕微鏡写真である。
(A)式Iの炭素数12の化合物の降温過程40℃の偏光顕微鏡写真
(B)式Iの炭素数10の化合物の降温過程40℃の偏光顕微鏡写真
(C)式Iの炭素数6の化合物の降温過程40℃の偏光顕微鏡写真
(D)式IVの化合物(R=NO、R=H)の降温過程70℃の偏光顕微鏡写真[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to novel compounds. More specifically, the present invention relates to a biphenyl derivative having a terminal substituted with a pentafluorophenyl group, a production method thereof, and a liquid crystal using the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
JP-A-11-302207 (hereinafter referred to as Patent Document 1), JP-A-2001-026561 (hereinafter referred to as Patent Document 2), JP-A-2001-026560 (hereinafter referred to as Patent Document 3), and JP-A-2001-354600. (Hereinafter referred to as Patent Document 4) and JP-A-2001-354601 (hereinafter referred to as Patent Document 5) describe liquid crystals in which a fluorine atom is introduced into an aromatic ring.
JP-A-10-237286 (hereinafter referred to as Patent Document 6) discloses that pentafluorophenol and chloroform are used as a solvent for a liquid crystal resin.
JP-A-05-269153 (hereinafter referred to as Patent Document 7), JP-A-2001-354628 (hereinafter referred to as Patent Document 8), JP-A-2002-062650 (hereinafter referred to as Patent Document 9), and JP-A-2002-226492. No. (hereinafter, referred to as Patent Document 10), for example, dental floss of a compound having a pentafluorophenyl group substituted at the terminal, a therapeutic agent for malignant hypercalcemia, a therapeutic agent for limb-type muscular atrophy, a photosensitive resin varnish, and the like. There is a description of the use of.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-11-302207 [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-026561 [Patent Document 3]
JP 2001-026560 A [Patent Document 4]
JP 2001-354600 A [Patent Document 5]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-354601 [Patent Document 6]
JP-A-10-237286 [Patent Document 7]
JP 05-269153 A [Patent Document 8]
JP 2001-354628 A [Patent Document 9]
JP-A-2002-062650 [Patent Document 10]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-226492
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, there is no report of synthesis of liquid crystal molecules in which a pentafluorophenyl group is substituted at the terminal, and no liquid crystal material using the same, including Patent Documents 1 to 10. An object of the present invention is to provide a novel and useful liquid crystal material characterized by substituting a pentafluorophenyl group at a terminal.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies, the inventors of the present application have synthesized a compound of the formula I, which is a biphenyl derivative having a terminal substituted with a pentafluorophenyl group, and clarified the physical properties thereof, thereby completing the invention and solving the above problems. The compounds of the formula I according to the invention are novel compounds which have not been registered in the chemical abstract.
[0006]
The liquid crystal in the present invention refers to a liquid crystal when the temperature of a compound is increased, a liquid crystal when mixed with another compound, or a liquid crystal when dissolved in a specific solvent.
[0007]
Thus, according to the present invention, there is provided a compound of formula I by linking 4-cyano-4'-hydroxybiphenyl with a methylene chain having 2 to 12 carbon atoms and reacting with pentafluorophenol.
[0008]
Embedded image
Figure 2004300116
(Where n = 2 to 12)
[0009]
The novel compound of the formula I of the present invention is a biphenyl derivative having a pentafluorophenyl group substituted at the terminal, and a preferred embodiment thereof is a tautomeric liquid crystal exhibiting liquid crystallinity not only in a temperature decreasing process but also in a temperature increasing process, and the liquid crystal temperature is low. , Exhibiting a smectic liquid crystal phase, and the like.
[0010]
The present invention further relates to a process for preparing the above pentafluorophenyl derivative, wherein 4-cyano-4′-hydroxybiphenyl has the formula II
[0011]
Embedded image
Figure 2004300116
(Where n = 2 to 12; X is a halogen atom)
To produce a compound of formula III,
[0012]
Embedded image
Figure 2004300116
(Where n = 2 to 12; X is a halogen atom)
Next, a method for producing the compound of the present invention of the formula I obtained by reacting the compound of the formula III with pentafluorophenol.
[0013]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Next, the synthesis of the compounds of formula I and the characteristics of their physical properties will be described.
[0014]
Equimolar amounts of 4-cyano-4'-hydroxybiphenyl and α, ω-dibromoalkane are dissolved in an organic solvent such as N, N-dimethylformamide, and equimolar potassium carbonate is added, followed by stirring at room temperature for 12 to 24 hours. The reaction solution is filtered, the solvent of the filtrate is distilled, the residue is dissolved in chloroform, and separated by silica gel column chromatography (developing solvent: mixed solvent of chloroform and hexane). Compounds of formula III are obtained, for example α-bromo-ω- (4-cyanobiphenyl-4′-yloxy) alkane. Similar reactions occur with α, ω-dichloroalkane and α, ω-diiodoalkane in addition to α, ω-dibromoalkane.
(Reaction formula 1)
[0015]
Embedded image
Figure 2004300116
(However, X is a halogen atom)
[0016]
A compound of Formula III, which is the product of Reaction Scheme 1, for example, equimolar amounts of α-bromo-ω- (4-cyanobiphenyl-4′-yloxy) alkane and pentafluorophenol are dissolved in an organic solvent (eg, N, N-dimethyl). (Including at least one of formamide, DMSO, acetone and alcohol). An equimolar amount of an alkali metal salt (for example, cesium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydride, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide) is added thereto. The reaction is stirred at room temperature for 12 to 24 hours. The reaction solution is filtered, and the solvent of the filtrate is distilled. The residue is dissolved in chloroform and separated by silica gel chromatography (developing solvent: mixed solvent of chloroform and hexane) to obtain a compound of the formula I.
(Reaction formula 2)
[0017]
Embedded image
Figure 2004300116
[0018]
The compound of the formula I of the present invention was identified by a hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum (FIG. 1), a carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum (FIG. 2), an infrared absorption spectrum and the like. In the carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum (FIG. 2), the pentafluorophenyl group of the compound of formula I appears as a complex peak in the region from δ133 to δ144 due to the coupling between carbon and fluorine.
[0019]
The biphenyl compound having a terminal substituted with pentafluorophenyl of the formula I of the present invention has a feature that physical properties are significantly different from the biphenyl compound of the formula IV having a terminal substituted with another substituted phenyl.
[0020]
Embedded image
Figure 2004300116
(Wherein, R 1 = NO 2 , R 2 = H; R 1 = CN, R 2 = H; R 1 = OMe, R 2 = H; R 1 = H, R 2 = NO 2 )
[0021]
Compounds of formula IV are synthesized in a similar manner to compounds of formula I by reacting various substituted phenols with compounds of formula III instead of pentafluorophenol in the synthesis of compounds of formula I. That is, an equimolar amount of a compound of formula III, α-bromo-ω- (4-cyanobiphenyl-4′-yloxy) dodecane, which is a product of the reaction formula 1, and various phenols are dissolved in N, N-dimethylformamide, An equimolar amount of potassium carbonate is added and the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 12 to 24 hours. The reaction solution is filtered, the solvent of the filtrate is distilled, the residue is dissolved in chloroform, and separated by silica gel chromatography (developing solvent: chloroform) to obtain a compound of the formula IV. The compound of formula IV is a novel substance, and its structure has been identified by a hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum, a carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum, an infrared absorption spectrum and the like.
(Reaction formula 3)
[0022]
Embedded image
Figure 2004300116
(Wherein, R 1 = NO 2 , R 2 = H; R 1 = CN, R 2 = H; R 1 = OMe, R 2 = H; R 1 = H, R 2 = NO 2 )
[0023]
That is, the biphenyl compound having various substituted phenyls of the formula IV bonded to the terminal does not show liquid crystallinity in the temperature rising process, and shows liquid crystallinity only in the temperature decreasing process in a narrow temperature range. On the other hand, many of the compounds of the formula I of the present invention exhibit liquid crystallinity not only during the temperature-lowering process but also during the temperature-rise process. However, when the number n of the alkyl chains of the formula I is 10, 11, or 7, the compound does not exhibit liquid crystallinity in the process of increasing the temperature, and exhibits liquid crystallinity only in the process of decreasing the temperature. When the number n of the alkyl chains of the formula I is 5, no liquid crystallinity is exhibited.
Furthermore, while the compound of formula IV shows a high liquid crystal temperature, the compound of formula I has the characteristic of exhibiting liquid crystallinity at a low temperature. In particular, the compounds of the formula I in which the number n of the alkyl chains is 12 and 6 exhibit a remarkable tautomeric liquid crystallinity at a low temperature close to room temperature (FIG. 3). As described above, the compound of the formula I can be effectively used as a main component of a liquid crystal material or one component of a liquid crystal composition.
[0024]
【Example】
By way of example, the synthesis of compounds of formula I for n = 12 and n = 6 is shown. Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described, but the present invention is not limited to the examples.
[0025]
Example 1: (Reaction formula 1, n = 12)
Dissolve 10 mmol of 4-cyano-4′-hydroxybiphenyl (manufactured by Aldrich, USA) and 10 mmol of 1,12-dibromododecane (manufactured by Aldrich, USA) in 200 ml of N, N-dimethylformamide (Nakarai Kogyo Co., Ltd.), 10 mmol of potassium carbonate (Nakarai Industry Co., Ltd.) was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 15 hours. The reaction solution was filtered, the solvent of the filtrate was distilled, and the residue was separated by silica gel column chromatography (developing solvent: a mixed solvent of chloroform and hexane), and α-bromo-ω- (4 -Cyanobiphenyl-4'-yloxy) dodecane was obtained in a yield of 74%.
[0026]
Example 2: (Reaction formula 1, n = 6)
10 mmol of 4-cyano-4'-hydroxybiphenyl and 10 mmol of 1,6-dibromohexane (Nakarai Kogyo Co., Ltd.) were dissolved in 200 ml of N, N-dimethylformamide, 10 mmol of potassium carbonate was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 15 hours. The reaction solution was filtered, the solvent of the filtrate was distilled, and the residue was separated by silica gel column chromatography (developing solvent: mixed solvent of chloroform and hexane). Α-Bromo-ω- (4-cyanobiphenyl-4′-yloxy) hexane was obtained as a product of Reaction Formula 1 in a yield of 65%.
[0027]
Example 3: (Reaction formula 2, n = 12)
1 mmol of the product α-bromo-ω- (4-cyanobiphenyl-4′-yloxy) dodecane and 1 mmol of pentafluorophenol (manufactured by Aldrich, USA) were dissolved in 30 ml of N, N-dimethylformamide, and 1 mmol of cesium carbonate was dissolved in 30 ml of N, N-dimethylformamide. Was added and stirred at room temperature for 15 hours. The reaction solution was filtered, the solvent of the filtrate was distilled, and the residue was separated by thin-layer silica gel chromatography (developing solvent: mixed solvent of chloroform and hexane). The compound of Formula I (n = 12) was obtained as a product of Reaction Scheme 2 in a yield of 35%. Its structure was identified by hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum, carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum, infrared absorption spectrum and the like.
[0028]
Example 4: (Reaction formula 2, n = 6)
1 mmol of α-bromo-ω- (4-cyanobiphenyl-4′-yloxy) hexane and 1 mmol of pentafluorophenol were dissolved in 30 ml of N, N-dimethylformamide, and 1 mmol of potassium carbonate was added. Stirred. The reaction solution was filtered, the solvent of the filtrate was distilled, and the residue was separated by thin-layer silica gel chromatography (developing solvent: mixed solvent of chloroform and hexane). The compound of formula I (n = 6) was obtained as the product of reaction scheme 2 in 31% yield. Identified by hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum, carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum, infrared absorption spectrum, etc.
[0029]
Example 5: Phase transition of compound of formula I The change in calorific value of the compound of formula I was measured by a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Further, the phase structure of the compound of formula I in the thermal change was revealed by observation with a polarizing microscope on a hot plate. All of the compounds of formula I except for those having 5 carbon atoms have liquid crystallinity, and it was observed with a polarizing microscope that all of them became a smectic phase in a low temperature part (FIG. 4). Table 1 shows the phase transition temperatures of the compounds of formula I. The temperature rise and fall in the DSC were measured at 3 ° C./min. Note that when no crystallization was observed by 15 ° C. in the course of the temperature drop in Table 1, it was described as rt. However, all compounds crystallized when left at room temperature for 12 hours or more.
[0030]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004300116
K: crystal, N: nematic liquid crystal, Sm: smectic liquid crystal,
I: isotropic liquid
Example 5: Phase transition of the compound of the formula I The compound of the formula I obtained in Example 3 (n = 12) and Example 4 (n = 6) are mixed at a ratio of 1: 1 to form a differential scanning calorimeter. (DSC). The result of the phase transition temperature was Sm 60 I 58 Sm rt. It exhibited liquid crystallinity at low temperatures.
[0032]
As a comparative example, a synthesis example of a compound of the formula IV where R 1 = NO 2 and R 2 = H and a liquid crystal range of the compound of the formula IV will be described.
Comparative Example 1: (Reaction formula 3, n = 12)
1 mmol of α-bromo-ω- (4-cyanobiphenyl-4′-yloxy) dodecane synthesized in Example 1 and 1 mmol of p-nitrophenol (Nakarai Kogyo Co., Ltd.) were dissolved in 30 ml of N, N-dimethylformamide. 1 mmol of potassium carbonate was added and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 15 hours. The reaction solution was filtered, the solvent of the filtrate was distilled, and the residue was separated by thin-layer silica gel chromatography (developing solvent: mixed solvent of chloroform and hexane). The product of formula IV (R 1 NONO 2 , R 2 HH) was obtained as the product in a yield of 62%.
[0033]
Comparative Example 2: Phase transition of the compound of the formula IV The change in the calorific value of the compound of the formula IV was measured by a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Further, the phase structure in the thermal change of the compound of the formula IV was revealed by observation with a polarizing microscope on a hot plate. Table 2 shows the phase transition temperatures of the compounds of formula IV. As compared with the liquid crystallinity of the compound of the formula I shown in Table 1, none of the compounds of the formula IV show liquid crystallinity during the heating process, and only nematic in a narrow temperature range (within 10 ° C.) only in the supercooled state during the cooling process. It exhibited liquid crystallinity. In addition, the compound of formula I exhibited a liquid crystallinity at a high temperature (90 to 100 ° C.) as compared with the compound of formula I, while the liquid crystallinity of the compound of formula I was low. The DSC of the compound of the formula IV measured the temperature rise and fall at 5 ° C./min.
[0034]
[Table 2]
Figure 2004300116
K: crystal, N: nematic liquid crystal, I: isotropic liquid
【The invention's effect】
As will be understood from the above description, novel compounds of the present invention have been obtained.
This novel compound is a biphenyl derivative characterized by substituting a pentafluorophenyl group at a terminal. This compound is characterized in that the liquid crystal temperature range is wide and the liquid crystal temperature is low (50 ° C. or lower). In particular, when the number n of the alkyl chains is 6 and the number n of the alkyl chains is 12, a remarkable tautomeric liquid crystal property is exhibited in a low temperature range close to room temperature. In addition, each of the liquid crystal phases is characterized by exhibiting a smectic liquid crystal in a low temperature part. As described above, a biphenyl derivative having a terminal substituted with a pentafluorophenyl group is a very useful liquid crystal material in that it can be effectively used as a main component of a liquid crystal material or one component of a liquid crystal composition.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum ( 1 H-NMR) of a compound having a methylene chain having 12 carbon atoms and 6 carbon atoms of the formula I.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum ( 13 C-NMR) of a compound having a methylene chain having 10 and 6 carbon atoms of the formula I.
FIG. 3 is a DSC chart of a compound having a methylene chain having 12 carbon atoms and 6 carbon atoms of the formula I.
FIG. 4 is a polarized light micrograph of a compound of Formula I and a compound of Formula IV.
(A) Polarized light micrograph of a compound having formula (I) having 12 carbon atoms at 40 ° C. (B) Polarizing micrograph of a compound having 10 carbon atoms of formula (I) having a temperature of 40 ° C. Polarization micrograph at 40 ° C. of cooling process of compound (D) Polarizing micrograph at 70 ° C. of cooling process of compound of formula IV (R 1 = NO 2 , R 2 = H)

Claims (3)

式Iで表される構造を有する化合物。
Figure 2004300116
(式中、n=2〜12)
A compound having a structure represented by Formula I.
Figure 2004300116
(Where n = 2 to 12)
請求項1の化合物の少なくとも一つを構成成分とする液晶。A liquid crystal comprising at least one of the compounds according to claim 1 as a constituent. 4−シアノ−4’−ヒドロキシビフェニルに式IIの化合物を
Figure 2004300116
(式中、n=2〜12; Xはハロゲン原子)
反応し、式IIIの化合物を合成し、
Figure 2004300116
(式中、n=2〜12; Xはハロゲン原子)
次いで、式IIIの化合物とペンタフルオロフェノールを反応して得られる請求項1に記載の化合物を製造する方法。
4-Cyano-4'-hydroxybiphenyl with a compound of formula II
Figure 2004300116
(Where n = 2 to 12; X is a halogen atom)
Reacting to synthesize a compound of formula III,
Figure 2004300116
(Where n = 2 to 12; X is a halogen atom)
The method for producing a compound according to claim 1, which is obtained by reacting a compound of the formula III with pentafluorophenol.
JP2003098234A 2003-04-01 2003-04-01 Pentafluorophenyl derivative and liquid crystal Pending JP2004300116A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150315470A1 (en) * 2012-12-10 2015-11-05 Merck Patent Gmbh Bimesogenic compounds and mesogenic media

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150315470A1 (en) * 2012-12-10 2015-11-05 Merck Patent Gmbh Bimesogenic compounds and mesogenic media
US10711196B2 (en) * 2012-12-10 2020-07-14 Merck Patent Gmbh Bimesogenic compounds and mesogenic media

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