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JP2004360747A - Spring constant variable magnetic spring device - Google Patents

Spring constant variable magnetic spring device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004360747A
JP2004360747A JP2003157767A JP2003157767A JP2004360747A JP 2004360747 A JP2004360747 A JP 2004360747A JP 2003157767 A JP2003157767 A JP 2003157767A JP 2003157767 A JP2003157767 A JP 2003157767A JP 2004360747 A JP2004360747 A JP 2004360747A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
spring
magnetic
force
permanent magnet
stator
Prior art date
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JP2003157767A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Mitsuharu Ezawa
光晴 江澤
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Canon Inc
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Canon Inc
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Filing date
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Application filed by Canon Inc filed Critical Canon Inc
Priority to JP2003157767A priority Critical patent/JP2004360747A/en
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Abstract

【目的】ばね定数を自由に変えることができるばね定数可変式磁気ばね装置を提供すること。
【構成】磁気の吸引力をばね力として用いる磁気ばねにおいて、永久磁石と強磁性体から成る可動子と、コイルと強磁性体から成る少なくとも1つの固定子を具備し、永久磁石による磁気吸引力のみで磁気ばねのばね力を発生させ、永久磁石を有する可動子から固定子に流れる磁束の量をコイルに流す電流で調節することによって磁気ばねのばね力を調節できる磁気回路と、可動子と固定子のギャップを調節することによって永久磁石を有する可動子から固定子に流れる磁束の量を調節して磁気ばねのばね力を調節する磁気回路と、永久磁石を保磁力の異なるものに交換することによって磁気ばねのばね力を調節する磁気回路を含んでばね定数可変式磁気ばね装置を構成する。
【選択図】 図1
[Object] To provide a variable spring constant type magnetic spring device capable of freely changing a spring constant.
A magnetic spring using a magnetic attraction force as a spring force, comprising: a movable element made of a permanent magnet and a ferromagnetic material; and at least one stator made of a coil and a ferromagnetic material. A magnetic circuit that can adjust the spring force of the magnetic spring by generating the spring force of the magnetic spring alone and adjusting the amount of magnetic flux flowing from the mover having the permanent magnet to the stator by the current flowing through the coil; A magnetic circuit that adjusts the amount of magnetic flux flowing from the mover having the permanent magnet to the stator by adjusting the gap of the stator to adjust the spring force of the magnetic spring, and replaces the permanent magnet with one having a different coercive force. Accordingly, a variable spring constant type magnetic spring device is configured to include a magnetic circuit for adjusting the spring force of the magnetic spring.
[Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、重力による自重を打ち消すように一定の圧力を加え、位置を保持するためのばね定数可変式磁気ばね装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
図5に従来のばね定数を変化できる電気機械スプリングの構成図(特許文献1)を示す。
【0003】
従来の電気機械スプリングには本体29,30,31、本体上に載置され移動線(即ち、水平軸x−x)に沿って本体に対して移動するアーマチュア32、第1及び第2の空隙長の和が一定となるように移動線に沿って本体及びアーマチュア間に配置された対向する可変長けん引第1及び第2の空隙(G1,G2)、第1の空隙内に第1の磁束33を発生するように構成された第1の磁石35、第2の空隙に第2の磁束34を発生し第1及び第2の磁束によりそれぞれ第1及び第2の空隙内に対抗する力を生成するように構成された第2の磁石36、本体及びアーマチュア間に作用しアーマチュアを本体に対する所定位置に向って移動させるように付勢し空隙及びその中の磁束により磁気スプリングを画定して電気機械スプリングの有効ばね定数が機械及び磁気スプリングのばね定数の代数和に等しくなるようにする機械的スプリング37、第1の電流が供給されると第1の空隙内に第1のコイル磁束を発生するように構成された第1のコイル38、第2の電流を供給されると第2の空隙内に第2のコイル磁束を発生するように構成された第2のコイル39、アーマチュアが所定の位置にあるときに第1及び第2の磁束に寄与する磁力の差に影響を及ぼすことなく第1及び第2の空隙内の磁束を変えるような大きさ及び極性の第1及び第2の電流をそれぞれ第1及び第2のコイルへ供給する制御回路を含み、電気機械スプリングの有効ばね定数を第1及び第2の電流の関数として選択的に変化させることができる。
【0004】
【特許文献1】
特開平6−207640号公報
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記で述べた従来の電気機械スプリングは機械スプリング37を必要としているため、エネルギーの損失と耐久性に問題があった。更に、ばね定数を変える手段がコイルに流す電流のみであるため、ばね定数の可変量は最大電流値によって限られる。そのため、従来の電気機械スプリングによってばね定数を大きく変えたいときは、機械スプリングを交換したり、ばね定数が異なる機械スプリングを備えた電気機械スプリングに交換する他になかった。従って、電気機械スプリングは、ばね定数を大きく変えたい場合には必ずしも有効とは言えない。
【0006】
本発明は上記問題に鑑みてなされたもので、その目的とする処は、ばね定数を自由に変えることができるばね定数可変式磁気ばね装置を提供することにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するため、本発明は、磁気の吸引力をばね力として用いる磁気ばねにおいて、永久磁石と強磁性体から成る可動子と、コイルと強磁性体から成る少なくとも1つの固定子を具備し、永久磁石による磁気吸引力のみで磁気ばねのばね力を発生させ、永久磁石を有する可動子から固定子に流れる磁束の量をコイルに流す電流で調節することによって磁気ばねのばね力を調節できる磁気回路と、可動子と固定子のギャップを調節することによって永久磁石を有する可動子から固定子に流れる磁束の量を調節して磁気ばねのばね力を調節する磁気回路と、永久磁石を保磁力の異なるものに交換することによって磁気ばねのばね力を調節する磁気回路を含んでばね定数可変式磁気ばね装置を構成したことを特徴とする。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に本発明の実施の形態を添付図面に基づいて説明する。
【0009】
図1に本発明に係る磁気ばね装置の構造例を示す。
【0010】
本発明に係る磁気ばね装置は、可動子1(可動子ヨーク2、永久磁石3)と固定子(コイル4, 5、ギャップ調整用固定子ヨーク6, 7, 8, 9、固定子コア10, 11)と可動子1を支持するケース12と、可動子と固定子のギャップを変えることができるギャップ調整機構13, 14, 15, 16によって構成されている。
【0011】
永久磁石3による磁束19, 20が固定子のヨーク6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11に流れ、可動子の変位0で安定状態にある。そのため、可動子がプラスに変位してもマイナスに変位しても可動子を変位0の中心点に戻そうとする吸引力が発生する。よって、コイル4, 5に電流を流すことなく、永久磁石3の磁気吸引力のみで磁気ばねを構成している。
【0012】
コイル4, 5に電流を流すことで、コイル電流による磁束17, 18が発生する。永久磁石3による磁束19, 20をコイル電流による磁束17, 18で弱めることで、磁気吸引力が減少し、ばね定数が小さくなる。逆に、永久磁石3による磁束19, 20をコイル電流による磁束17, 18で強めることで、磁気吸引力が増加し、ばね定数が大きくなる。
【0013】
可動子と固定子のギャップを変えることができるギャップ調整機構13, 14, 15, 16により、可動子と固定子のギャップを大きくすることで、磁気抵抗が増加し、永久磁石3から固定子ヨーク6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11に流れる磁束が減少することで磁気吸引力が減少し、ばね定数が小さくなる。逆に、可動子と固定子のギャップを小さくすることで、磁気抵抗が減少し、磁束が減少することで磁気吸引力が増加し、ばね定数が大きくなる。
【0014】
又、保磁力が小さな永久磁石3を用いることで、永久磁石3による磁束19, 20が減少し、ばね定数が小さくなる。逆に、保磁力が大きな永久磁石3を用いることで、永久磁石3による磁束19, 20が増加し、ばね定数が大きくなる。
【0015】
図3に可動子と固定子のギャップ、コイル電流、永久磁石の保磁力により変化するばね定数を示す。
【0016】
初期状態のばね力21の時に、永久磁石3による磁束19, 20を強めるようにコイルにプラス電流を流すとばね力22に示すようにばね定数が増加する。逆に、永久磁石3による磁束19, 20を弱めるようにコイルにマイナス電流を流すとばね力23に示すようにばね定数は増加する。可動子と固定子のギャップを小さくした時、ばね力24に示すようにばね定数は増加する。保磁力の大きな永久磁石に交換した時、ばね力25に示すようにばね定数は増加する。
【0017】
図2に本発明に基づく磁気ばね装置のその他の構造例を示す。
【0018】
可動子ヨーク2、永久磁石3及び固定子のヨーク6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11、コイル4, 5をストローク方向に複数個連結させても、図1の構造例と同様の磁気ばね装置を構成することができる。又、永久磁石の磁束を強めたり弱めたりできるのであれば、コイルはどのように巻いても、図1の構造例と同様に、ばね定数を変えることができる。
【0019】
図1及び図2で示した構造例において、紙面上向きと下向きに等、少なくとも1つの固定子を配置しても、同様に、ばね定数可変式磁気ばね装置を構成することができる。
【0020】
又、可動子、固定子などが円筒形であっても、同様に、ばね定数可変式磁気ばね装置を構成することができる。
【0021】
図4に本発明を接触式形状測定器に応用したときの実施例を示す。
【0022】
プローブ26の自重をキャンセルするようにばね定数可変式磁気ばね装置27で吸引力する。取り付けるプローブの質量に合わせて、永久磁石の保磁力を変え、可動側と固定側のギャップで調整することで、自重をキャンセルする吸引力を決める。
【0023】
次に、コイル電流により調整しばね定数の微調整をすることで最適な吸引力を選択し、プローブの自重を保証する。又、ばね定数を調整することで、形状測定器のプローブや研磨ヘッドのように、一定の圧力を保つものにも利用可能である。
【0024】
【発明の効果】
以上の説明で明らかなように、本発明によれば、可動子と固定子のギャップ、コイル電流、可動子の永久磁石の保磁力をパラメータとして設定することによって、ばね定数を自由に変えることができるという効果が得られる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る磁気ばね装置の構造例を示す図である。
【図2】本発明に係る磁気ばね装置のその他の構造例を示す図である。
【図3】可動子と固定子のギャップ、コイル電流、永久磁石の保磁力により変化するばね定数を示す図である。
【図4】本発明を接触式形状測定器に応用したときの実施例を示す図である。
【図5】従来のばね定数を変化できる電気機械スプリングの構成図である。
【符号の説明】
1 可動子
2 可動子ヨーク
3 永久磁石
4, 5 コイル
6〜9 ギャップ調整用固定子ヨーク
10, 11 固定子コア
12 ケース
13〜16 ギャップ調整機構
17, 18 コイル電流による磁束
19, 20 永久磁石による磁束
21 初期状態のばね力
22 プラス電流を流したときのばね力
23 マイナス電流を流したときのばね力
24 可動子と固定子のギャップを小さくしたときのばね力
25 保磁力の大きな永久磁石に交換したときのばね力
26 プローブ
27 本発明のばね定数可変式磁気ばね装置
28 測定対象物
29 本体左側部
30 本体外側部
31 本体右側部
32 アーマチュア
33 第1の磁束
34 第2の磁束
35 第1の磁石
36 第2の磁石
37 機械スプリング
38 第1のコイル
39 第2のコイル
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a variable spring constant type magnetic spring device for maintaining a position by applying a constant pressure so as to cancel its own weight due to gravity.
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIG. 5 shows a configuration diagram of a conventional electromechanical spring capable of changing a spring constant (Patent Document 1).
[0003]
Conventional electromechanical springs include a body 29, 30, 31; an armature 32 mounted on the body and moving relative to the body along a movement line (i.e., horizontal axis xx); first and second gaps. Opposing variable length towing first and second gaps (G1, G2) arranged between the body and the armature along a movement line such that the sum of lengths is constant, and a first magnetic flux in the first gap. The first magnet 35 configured to generate the first magnetic flux 33 generates a second magnetic flux 34 in the second air gap, and the first and second magnetic fluxes generate opposing forces in the first and second air gaps, respectively. A second magnet 36, configured to generate, acts between the body and the armature to urge the armature to move toward a predetermined position relative to the body, defining a magnetic spring by the air gap and the magnetic flux therein, thereby providing electrical power. Effective spring of mechanical spring A mechanical spring 37, whose number is equal to the algebraic sum of the spring constants of the mechanical and magnetic springs, is configured to generate a first coil magnetic flux in a first air gap when supplied with a first current. The first coil 38, a second coil 39 configured to generate a second coil magnetic flux in the second gap when supplied with a second current, when the armature is in a predetermined position. First and second currents of magnitude and polarity that change the magnetic flux in the first and second air gaps without affecting the difference in magnetic force contributing to the first and second magnetic fluxes, respectively, A control circuit is provided for supplying to the second coil and the effective spring constant of the electromechanical spring can be selectively varied as a function of the first and second currents.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-6-207640
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the above-described conventional electromechanical spring requires the mechanical spring 37, and thus has a problem in energy loss and durability. Furthermore, since the means for changing the spring constant is only the current flowing through the coil, the variable amount of the spring constant is limited by the maximum current value. Therefore, when it is desired to greatly change the spring constant by using a conventional electromechanical spring, there is no other way than replacing the mechanical spring or exchanging the electromechanical spring with a mechanical spring having a different spring constant. Therefore, an electromechanical spring is not necessarily effective when it is desired to greatly change the spring constant.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a spring constant variable magnetic spring device capable of freely changing a spring constant.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a magnetic spring using a magnetic attraction force as a spring force, comprising a movable element composed of a permanent magnet and a ferromagnetic substance, and at least one stator composed of a coil and a ferromagnetic substance. Then, the spring force of the magnetic spring is generated only by the magnetic attraction force of the permanent magnet, and the amount of magnetic flux flowing from the mover having the permanent magnet to the stator is adjusted by the current flowing through the coil, thereby adjusting the spring force of the magnetic spring. A magnetic circuit capable of adjusting a spring force of a magnetic spring by adjusting an amount of magnetic flux flowing from a mover having a permanent magnet to a stator by adjusting a gap between the mover and the stator, and a permanent magnet. A variable spring constant type magnetic spring device includes a magnetic circuit that adjusts the spring force of the magnetic spring by replacing the magnetic spring device with one having a different coercive force.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0009]
FIG. 1 shows a structural example of a magnetic spring device according to the present invention.
[0010]
The magnetic spring device according to the present invention includes a mover 1 (mover yoke 2, permanent magnet 3) and a stator (coils 4, 5, gap adjusting stator yokes 6, 7, 8, 9, and stator core 10, 11), a case 12 supporting the mover 1, and gap adjusting mechanisms 13, 14, 15, 16 capable of changing the gap between the mover and the stator.
[0011]
Magnetic fluxes 19 and 20 generated by the permanent magnets 3 flow through the yokes 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 of the stator, and the movable element is in a stable state with zero displacement. Therefore, even if the mover is displaced in the plus or minus directions, an attractive force is generated to return the mover to the center point of zero displacement. Therefore, the magnetic spring is constituted only by the magnetic attraction force of the permanent magnet 3 without passing a current through the coils 4 and 5.
[0012]
When current flows through the coils 4 and 5, magnetic fluxes 17 and 18 are generated by the coil current. By weakening the magnetic fluxes 19 and 20 by the permanent magnets 3 with the magnetic fluxes 17 and 18 by the coil current, the magnetic attractive force is reduced and the spring constant is reduced. Conversely, by strengthening the magnetic fluxes 19 and 20 by the permanent magnets 3 with the magnetic fluxes 17 and 18 by the coil current, the magnetic attraction force increases and the spring constant increases.
[0013]
The gap between the mover and the stator is increased by the gap adjusting mechanisms 13, 14, 15, 16 that can change the gap between the mover and the stator, thereby increasing the magnetic resistance. As the magnetic flux flowing through 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 decreases, the magnetic attraction decreases, and the spring constant decreases. Conversely, by reducing the gap between the mover and the stator, the magnetic resistance decreases, and the magnetic flux decreases, whereby the magnetic attraction increases and the spring constant increases.
[0014]
Further, by using the permanent magnet 3 having a small coercive force, the magnetic fluxes 19 and 20 due to the permanent magnet 3 are reduced, and the spring constant is reduced. Conversely, by using the permanent magnet 3 having a large coercive force, the magnetic fluxes 19 and 20 generated by the permanent magnet 3 increase, and the spring constant increases.
[0015]
FIG. 3 shows the spring constant that changes depending on the gap between the mover and the stator, the coil current, and the coercive force of the permanent magnet.
[0016]
At the time of the spring force 21 in the initial state, when a plus current is applied to the coil so as to strengthen the magnetic fluxes 19 and 20 by the permanent magnet 3, the spring constant increases as shown by the spring force 22. Conversely, when a negative current is applied to the coil so as to weaken the magnetic fluxes 19 and 20 by the permanent magnet 3, the spring constant increases as shown by the spring force 23. When the gap between the mover and the stator is reduced, the spring constant increases as shown by the spring force 24. When a permanent magnet having a large coercive force is replaced, the spring constant increases as shown by a spring force 25.
[0017]
FIG. 2 shows another structural example of the magnetic spring device according to the present invention.
[0018]
Even if a plurality of mover yokes 2, permanent magnets 3, stator yokes 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and coils 4, 5 are connected in the stroke direction, a magnetic spring similar to the structural example of FIG. The device can be configured. Further, as long as the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet can be strengthened or weakened, the spring constant can be changed as in the structure example of FIG. 1 regardless of how the coil is wound.
[0019]
In the structural examples shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, even if at least one stator is arranged, such as upward and downward on the paper, a variable spring constant type magnetic spring device can be similarly configured.
[0020]
Further, even when the mover, the stator, and the like are cylindrical, a variable spring constant type magnetic spring device can be similarly formed.
[0021]
FIG. 4 shows an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a contact type shape measuring instrument.
[0022]
An attractive force is applied by a spring constant variable magnetic spring device 27 so as to cancel the own weight of the probe 26. By changing the coercive force of the permanent magnet according to the mass of the probe to be attached, and adjusting the gap between the movable side and the fixed side, the attractive force for canceling its own weight is determined.
[0023]
Next, by adjusting the coil constant and finely adjusting the spring constant, an optimal suction force is selected, and the weight of the probe is guaranteed. Further, by adjusting the spring constant, it can be used for a probe that maintains a constant pressure, such as a probe or a polishing head of a shape measuring instrument.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
As apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, the spring constant can be freely changed by setting the gap between the mover and the stator, the coil current, and the coercive force of the permanent magnet of the mover as parameters. The effect that can be obtained is obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a structural example of a magnetic spring device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing another example of the structure of the magnetic spring device according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a spring constant that changes according to a gap between a mover and a stator, a coil current, and a coercive force of a permanent magnet.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an embodiment when the present invention is applied to a contact type shape measuring instrument.
FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a conventional electromechanical spring capable of changing a spring constant.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Mover 2 Mover yoke 3 Permanent magnet 4, 5 Coil 6-9 Gap adjusting stator yokes 10, 11 Stator core 12 Case 13-16 Gap adjusting mechanism 17, 18 Magnetic flux 19, 20 by coil current Using permanent magnet Magnetic flux 21 Spring force 22 in initial state Spring force 23 when plus current flows 23 Spring force when minus current flows 24 Spring force 25 when gap between mover and stator is reduced 25 For permanent magnet with large coercive force Spring force 26 at the time of replacement Probe 27 Variable spring constant magnetic spring device 28 of the present invention Measurement object 29 Main body left side 30 Main body outer side 31 Main body right side 32 Armature 33 First magnetic flux 34 Second magnetic flux 35 First Magnet 36 second magnet 37 mechanical spring 38 first coil 39 second coil

Claims (3)

磁気の吸引力をばね力として用いる磁気ばねにおいて、永久磁石と強磁性体から成る可動子と、コイルと強磁性体から成る少なくとも1つの固定子を具備し、永久磁石による磁気吸引力のみで磁気ばねのばね力を発生させ、永久磁石を有する可動子から固定子に流れる磁束の量をコイルに流す電流で調節することによって磁気ばねのばね力を調節できる磁気回路と、可動子と固定子のギャップを調節することによって永久磁石を有する可動子から固定子に流れる磁束の量を調節して磁気ばねのばね力を調節する磁気回路と、永久磁石を保磁力の異なるものに交換することによって磁気ばねのばね力を調節する磁気回路を備えることを特徴とするばね定数可変式磁気ばね装置。A magnetic spring using a magnetic attraction force as a spring force, comprising: a movable element made of a permanent magnet and a ferromagnetic material; and at least one stator made of a coil and a ferromagnetic material. A magnetic circuit capable of adjusting the spring force of the magnetic spring by generating the spring force of the spring and adjusting the amount of magnetic flux flowing from the mover having the permanent magnet to the stator by the current flowing through the coil; A magnetic circuit that adjusts the amount of magnetic flux flowing from the mover having a permanent magnet to the stator by adjusting the gap to adjust the spring force of the magnetic spring, and a magnetic circuit that replaces the permanent magnet with one having a different coercive force. A variable spring constant type magnetic spring device comprising a magnetic circuit for adjusting a spring force of a spring. 前記磁気回路を有する磁気ばねを2つ以上の連結させた磁気回路でも磁気ばねのばね力を調節できることを特徴とする請求項1記載のばね定数可変式磁気ばね装置。2. The variable spring constant type magnetic spring device according to claim 1, wherein the spring force of the magnetic spring can be adjusted by a magnetic circuit in which two or more magnetic springs having the magnetic circuit are connected. 前記磁気回路を有する磁気ばねが円筒型の磁気回路でも磁気ばねのばね力を調節できることを特徴とする請求項1記載のばね定数可変式磁気ばね装置。2. The variable spring constant type magnetic spring device according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic spring having the magnetic circuit can adjust the spring force of the magnetic spring even when the magnetic spring has a cylindrical magnetic circuit.
JP2003157767A 2003-06-03 2003-06-03 Spring constant variable magnetic spring device Withdrawn JP2004360747A (en)

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