JP2004360094A - Moisture-sensitive crimped conjugate fiber - Google Patents
Moisture-sensitive crimped conjugate fiber Download PDFInfo
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- JP2004360094A JP2004360094A JP2003157715A JP2003157715A JP2004360094A JP 2004360094 A JP2004360094 A JP 2004360094A JP 2003157715 A JP2003157715 A JP 2003157715A JP 2003157715 A JP2003157715 A JP 2003157715A JP 2004360094 A JP2004360094 A JP 2004360094A
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- NUBZKXFFIDEZKG-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;5-sulfonatobenzene-1,3-dicarboxylate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC(C([O-])=O)=CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C1 NUBZKXFFIDEZKG-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001007 Nylon 4 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002302 Nylon 6,6 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N m-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- ISPYQTSUDJAMAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chlorophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1Cl ISPYQTSUDJAMAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- JHWNWJKBPDFINM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Laurolactam Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCCCCCCCN1 JHWNWJKBPDFINM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000299 Nylon 12 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003189 Nylon 4,6 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- BXKDSDJJOVIHMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N edrophonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC[N+](C)(C)C1=CC=CC(O)=C1 BXKDSDJJOVIHMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009998 heat setting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006149 polyester-amide block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は湿度変化により可逆的に捲縮率が変化する複合繊維に関し、更に詳しくはその捲縮率の変化が大きく、かつ構成成分の剥離が生じ難い複合繊維に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
木綿・羊毛・羽毛などの天然繊維が湿度変化によって可逆的にその形態・捲縮率が変化することは、従来から良く知られている。これに対して、合成繊維に同様の機能を付与する検討がなされており、ナイロン6と変性ポリエチレンテレフタレートとをサイドバイサイド型複合繊維が特許文献1、2等で提案されている。しかしこれら複合繊維は、染色等の後工程や実用において、ポリアミド成分とポリエステル成分との接合部で剥離が生じやすいといった問題がある。また、乾燥状態と吸湿状態での捲縮率の変化をさらに大きくしたいといった要望がある。さらに、捲縮率の変化を向上させる試みとしては、特許文献3に、ポリエステル成分とポリアミド成分とを扁平状に接合し、かつ、ポリアミド成分にナイロン4のような吸湿率の高いポリアミドを用いた複合繊維が提案されている。しかし、かかる従来技術も、乾燥状態と吸湿状態での捲縮率の変化を著しく向上させるものではなく、さらなる改良が望まれている。
【0003】
【特許文献1】
特開昭58−46118号公報
【特許文献2】
特開昭58−46119号公報
【特許文献3】
特開平3−213518号公報
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、上記従来技術を背景になされたものであり、乾燥状態と吸湿状態における捲縮率の差が十分に大きく、染色等の後工程においてポリアミド成分とポリエステル成分との剥離が生じ難い複合繊維を提供することにある。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記従来技術に鑑み、ポリエステル成分とポリアミド成分とからなる複合繊維について、その複合形状を種々検討したところ、乾燥状態と吸湿状態での捲縮率の変化が極めて大きく、しかも両成分の剥離の問題がほとんど発生しないものがあることを見出した。
【0006】
かくして本発明によれば、ポリアミド成分とポリエステル成分とがサイドバイサイドに接合されている複合繊維であって、該ポリエステル成分が、5−ナトリウムスルホイソフタル酸が1.0〜5.0モル%共重合されている変成ポリエチレンテレフタレートであり、該繊維横断面において、ポリエステル成分に少なくとも1つの中空部を有し、該中空部の該繊維横断面の断面積に対して占める割合が0.5〜10%であり、ポリエステル成分とポリアミド成分の接合部が波形状であることを特徴とする感湿捲縮複合繊維が提供される。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の複合繊維はポリエステル成分とポリアミド成分がサイドバイサイドに接合されている複合繊維である。
【0008】
上記ポリアミド成分としては、主鎖中にアミド結合を有するものであり、例えば、ナイロン4、ナイロン6、ナイロン66、ナイロン46、ナイロン12等が挙げられる。特にコスト性、汎用性、製糸性等の観点からナイロン6、ナイロン66が好ましい。なお、これらをベースに公知の成分を共重合せしめても良く、酸化チタンやカーボンブラック等の顔料、公知の抗酸化剤、帯電防止剤、耐光剤等を含有していても良い。
【0009】
一方、ポリエステル成分は、5−ナトリウムスルホイソフタル酸が1.0〜5.0モル%、好ましくは1.5〜3.5モル%、より好ましくは2.0〜3.0モル%共重合させた変成ポリエチレンテレフタレートである必要がある。5−ナトリウムスルホイソフタル酸の共重合量が1.0モル%未満の場合は、ポリアミド成分との剥離が発生し十分な性能を発現することができない。逆に、5−ナトリウムスルホイソフタル酸の共重合量が5.0モル%を超える場合は、ポリエステル成分の溶融粘度が大きくなり製糸性が大きく低下する。なお、上記ポリエステル成分は、必要に応じて各種の成分を共重合またはブレンドしていてもかまわない。
【0010】
本発明においては、複合繊維が、該繊維横断面において、ポリエステル成分に少なくとも1つの中空部を有していることが肝要であり、この中空部が複合繊維の捲縮発現に極めて大きな影響を与え、乾燥状態と吸湿状態との捲縮率の変化を大きくすることができる。
【0011】
ポリアミド成分とポリエステル成分とから構成される本発明のサイドバイサイド複合繊維の捲縮は、該繊維を熱処理して、両成分に収縮率差及び熱収縮応力差が生じることによって発現する。つまり、ポリアミド成分は熱処理しても収縮率及び熱収縮応力が共に高いのに対し、ポリエステル成分は熱セットして容易に結晶化が進み、収縮率及び熱収縮応力が共に低いため、ポリアミド成分が内側に、ポリエステル成分が外側に配された捲縮が発現する。さらに、吸湿状態では外側のポリアミド成分が吸湿して伸長し、内側のポリエステル成分の長さ変化がほとんど起こらないので捲縮率が低くなる。
【0012】
ところが、前述したようにポリエステル成分に5−ナトリウムスルホイソフタル酸を共重合すると該成分の結晶性が低下し、乾燥状態における複合繊維の捲縮率を十分に高くすることが困難となる。
【0013】
これに対して、本発明者は、複合繊維のポリエステル成分側に中空部を形成することにより、ポリエステル成分の配向度を高め、結晶化しにくい5−ナトリウムスルホイソフタル酸を共重合させても結晶化を促進でき、乾燥状態での捲縮率をアップできることを見出した。さらに、かかる複合繊維は、乾燥状態での捲縮率が非常に大きいのにもかかわらず、吸湿状態においてはポリアミド成分が十分に伸長して捲縮率が低下し、乾燥状態と吸湿状態での収縮率差を格段に向上できることがわかった。
【0014】
上記中空部の複合繊維横断面の断面積に占める割合(以下中空率と称することがある)は0.5〜10%、好ましくは1〜8%、より好ましくは2〜6%である必要がある。中空率が0.5%未満の場合は、ポリエステル成分の結晶化が進まず十分な捲縮を付与することができず、一方、中空率が10%を超えると製糸性が低下する。中空部の数は、1つが好ましいが複数個であってもよい。上記中空率は、中空部が2つ以上の場合、その中空部の合計面積から求める。なお、中空部の形状としては、例えば丸、三角、四角等形状を例示することができる。
【0015】
本発明のサイドバイサイド型複合繊維においては、ポリアミド成分とポリエステル成分との接合部の形状に特徴を有しており、その形状が波形状であることが重要である。これは、ポリアミド成分とポリエステル成分との剥離防止に有効である。この原因については、必ずしも明確ではないが、上記波形状が、単なる直線状あるいは凸状の接合部形状と比べて、その接合界面長が長いこと、及び、剥離が起ころうとする際その応力が分散されることが考えられる。ここで、波形状とは、複合繊維の横断面において、一方の成分が他の成分にそれぞれ1以上凸に張り出し、全体として波形の形状をしていることをいい、例えば、図1(1)〜(5)に示すような形状のものをいう。
【0016】
本発明においては、以上に説明したポリエステル成分側に中空部を形成することと、ポリエステル成分とポリアミド成分の接合部を波形状とすることの両方の効果により、捲縮率変化の向上と、接合部での剥離防止の両立が可能となる。
【0017】
また、本発明においては、乾燥状態と吸湿状態における複合繊維の捲縮率の差が15%以上であることが好ましく、より好ましくは17〜50%、さらに好ましくは20〜40%である。これにより快適性に優れた布帛とすることができる。
【0018】
ポリアミド成分とポリエステル成分との繊維横断面における面積比は、ポリアミド/ポリエステル=30/70〜70/30の範囲が好ましく、より好ましくは40/60〜60/40の範囲である。
【0019】
本発明の複合繊維の総繊度は特に限定されないが、通常の衣料用素材として用いられるのは40〜200dtex、単繊度は1〜6dtexのものを用いることができる。なお、必要に応じて本発明の交絡処理が施されていても良い。
【0020】
本発明の複合繊維は、例えば次の方法により製造することができる。図1(1)に示す繊維断面形状を有する複合繊維は、例えば図2に示すような、ポリエステル成分側とポリアミド成分側の吐出孔が分離し、かつ、ポリエステル成分側の吐出孔面積SAがポリアミド側の吐出孔面積SBよりも大きい(つまり、ポリエステル成分側の吐出線速度をポリアミド側の吐出線速度よりも小さくなるようにした)紡糸口金を用い、それぞれの吐出孔からポリエステル及びポリアミドの溶融ポリマーを吐出し、それらを溶融状態で接合し、これを冷却固化し、これを必要に応じて延伸することにより得ることができる。上記紡糸口金を用いる場合、SA/SBを1.1〜1.8の範囲とするのが好ましい。
【0021】
さらに、延伸を行う場合は、紡糸で得られ未延伸糸を一旦巻き取った後これを延伸、さらに必要に応じて熱処理を行う、いわゆる別延方式のほか、未延伸糸を一旦巻き取らないで延伸、さらに必要に応じて熱処理を行う、いわゆる直延方式のどちらの方法も採用することができる。上記紡糸における紡糸速度はとしては、例えば、通常採用されている1000〜3500m/分程度の紡糸速度のものを採用することができる。また、延伸、熱処理は、延伸後の伸度が25〜50%、延伸後の収縮率が5〜15%程度になるように条件を設定するのが、捲縮の発現、製織編性などからは好ましい。
【0022】
【実施例】
以下実施例により、本発明を更に具体的に説明する。なお、実施例における各項目は次の方法で測定した。
(1)ポリアミドの固有粘度
m−クレゾールを溶媒として使用し30℃で測定した。
(2)ポリエステルの固有粘度
オルソクロロフェノールを溶媒として使用し35℃で測定した。
(3)強度(cN/dtex)、伸度(%)
繊維試料を気温25℃、湿度60%の恒温恒湿に保たれた部屋に一昼夜放置した後、サンプルの長さ100mmを(株)島津製作所製引っ張り試験機テンシロンにセットし、200mm/minの速度にて伸張し、破断時の強度、伸度を測定した。
(4)沸水収縮率BWS(%)
JIS L1013 8.18 B法に準じて測定した。沸水温度はBoil状態とした。
(5)ポリアミド成分とポリエステル成分の接合部形状
複合繊維の任意の断面について、1500倍のカラー繊維断面写真をとり、フィラメント中のポリアミド成分とポリエステル成分との接合形状を調査した。
(6)中空率(%)
(4)で得られたカラー繊維断面写真を300%に拡大し、中空部の面積(a)とフィラメント全体の面積(b)の比(a/b×100)にて求めた。
(7)ポリアミド成分とポリアミド成分との剥離状況弊社
複合繊維を筒編みし、カチオン染料にてボイル染色後120℃の高圧染色機中にて30分処理した後、この筒編みを解きほぐして繊維を取り出し、(4)と同様にしてカラー繊維断面写真をとり、その写真から剥離状況を調査した。
(8)吸湿捲縮率TCh(%)及び乾燥捲縮率TCd(%)
複合繊維を長さ30cmのカセにとり、1.77×10−3cN/dtex(2mmg/de)の荷重をかけて沸騰水中で30分間処理して捲縮を発現させ、次いで24時間自然乾燥を行い、吸湿捲縮率TChと乾熱捲縮率TCdの測定用サンプルをそれぞれ準備した。
前者のサンプルを水中に30分間浸漬後、これを取り出し、ろ紙で付着した水をふき取った後、10分以内に下記方法で求めた捲縮率TCを吸湿捲縮率TCh(%)とした。一方、後者のサンプルを、温度100℃で10分間乾燥した後、10分以内に下記方法で求めた捲縮率TCを乾燥捲縮率TCd(%)とした。また、両者の差(TCd−TCh)を、吸湿による複合繊維糸の変化率△TCとした。
なお、捲縮率TCは、複合繊維を、温度25℃、湿度60℃の雰囲気下で、0.177cN/dtex(200mmg/de)の荷重下で1分間放置後の長さを測定しその長さをL1とし、その後、1.77×10−3cN/dtex(2mmg/de)の荷重下で1分間放置後の長さを測定しL2とし、次式より求めた。
捲縮率TC(%)=(L1−L2)/L1×100
【0023】
[実施例1]
固有粘度[η]が1.1のナイロン6(Ny6)と、固有粘度[η]が0.46で2.6モル%の5−ナトリウムスルホイソフタル酸を共重合させた変性ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)とをそれぞれ270℃、290℃にて溶融し、図2の複合紡糸口金(PET側の円弧状スリットの面積SA=0.165mm2、スリットの幅A1=0.15mm、Ny6側の円弧状スリットの面積SB=0.110mm2、スリットの幅A2=0.10mm、両スリットの間隔d=0.08mm)を用い、それぞれ11.5g/分の吐出量にて押出して接合しサイドバイサイド型複合繊維を形成し、冷却固化・油剤を付与したあと、糸状を速度1000m/分、温度60℃のローラーにて予熱し、ついで、速度2700m/分、温度140℃に加熱されたローラー間で延伸熱処理を行い巻き取って86dtex−24filの複合繊維を得た。得られた複合繊維の横断面は、図1(1)の如く、PET成分側に中空部があり、Ny6成分とPET成分との接合部は波形の形状を有していた。結果を表1に示す。
【0024】
[比較例1]
従来公知の、Ny6成分側とPET成分側の吐出孔面積が同じであり、中空部を形成しない複合紡糸口金を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして、複合繊維を得た。得られた複合繊維の横断面は、図3の如く、ポリエステル成分側に中空部を有しておらず、ポリアミド成分はポリエステル成分側に凸状にせり出してはいるが、その接合部は波形の形状にはなっておらず、単純な曲線状であった。結果を表1に示す。
【0025】
[実施例2、3、及び、比較例2]
PETの溶融温度を表1のように変更し、中空率を同表のように変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして紡糸を行い、複合繊維を得た。結果を表1に示す。
【0026】
[実施例4、5、及び、比較例3、4]
PETを、それぞれ表1に示した5−ナトリウムスルホイソフタル酸の共重合量のPETに変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、複合繊維繊維を得た。結果を表1に示す。
【0027】
【表1】
【0028】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、乾燥状態と吸湿状態での捲縮率の変化が十分に大きく、かつ、ポリアミド成分とポリエステル成分との接合部の剥離が著しく改善され、快適布帛として好適な複合繊維を提供することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の複合繊維の横断面の例を示した模式図。
【図2】本発明で使用される紡糸口金の吐出孔の一例を示した模式図。
【図3】従来の複合繊維の横断面の一例を示した模式図。
【符号の説明】
ア:ポリアミド成分
イ:ポリエステル成分
ウ:ポリアミド成分とポリエステル成分との接合部
エ:中空部[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a conjugate fiber in which a crimp rate changes reversibly due to a change in humidity, and more particularly to a conjugate fiber in which the change in the crimp rate is large and the components are hardly peeled off.
[0002]
[Prior art]
It is well known that natural fibers such as cotton, wool, and feathers reversibly change their morphology and crimp rate due to changes in humidity. On the other hand, studies have been made to impart the same function to synthetic fibers, and side-by-side composite fibers of nylon 6 and modified polyethylene terephthalate have been proposed in
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-58-46118 [Patent Document 2]
JP-A-58-46119 [Patent Document 3]
JP-A-3-213518
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The object of the present invention is based on the background of the prior art described above, wherein the difference in the crimping ratio between a dry state and a moisture-absorbed state is sufficiently large, and separation of the polyamide component and the polyester component occurs in a post-process such as dyeing. It is to provide a conjugate fiber which is difficult.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In view of the above prior art, the present inventors have studied various composite shapes of a composite fiber composed of a polyester component and a polyamide component, and found that the change in the crimp ratio in a dry state and a hygroscopic state was extremely large, and It has been found that there is a case where the problem of peeling of both components hardly occurs.
[0006]
Thus, according to the present invention, there is provided a composite fiber in which a polyamide component and a polyester component are bonded side-by-side, wherein the polyester component is obtained by copolymerizing 1.0 to 5.0 mol% of 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid. Modified polyester terephthalate having at least one hollow portion in the polyester component in the cross section of the fiber, wherein the ratio of the hollow portion to the cross sectional area of the cross section of the fiber is 0.5 to 10%. In addition, there is provided a moisture-sensitive crimped conjugate fiber characterized in that the joint between the polyester component and the polyamide component is corrugated.
[0007]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The conjugate fiber of the present invention is a conjugate fiber in which a polyester component and a polyamide component are bonded side by side.
[0008]
The polyamide component has an amide bond in the main chain, and examples thereof include
[0009]
On the other hand, the polyester component is obtained by copolymerizing 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid in an amount of 1.0 to 5.0 mol%, preferably 1.5 to 3.5 mol%, more preferably 2.0 to 3.0 mol%. Modified polyethylene terephthalate. If the copolymerization amount of 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid is less than 1.0 mol%, the polymer will peel off from the polyamide component, failing to exhibit sufficient performance. Conversely, when the copolymerization amount of 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid exceeds 5.0 mol%, the melt viscosity of the polyester component increases, and the spinning property is greatly reduced. The polyester component may be copolymerized or blended with various components as necessary.
[0010]
In the present invention, it is essential that the conjugate fiber has at least one hollow portion in the polyester component in the cross section of the fiber, and this hollow portion has a very large effect on the crimp development of the conjugate fiber. In addition, the change in the crimp ratio between the dry state and the moisture-absorbed state can be increased.
[0011]
The crimping of the side-by-side conjugate fiber of the present invention composed of a polyamide component and a polyester component is caused by heat-treating the fiber to cause a difference in shrinkage and a difference in heat shrinkage stress between both components. In other words, the polyamide component has a high shrinkage and a high heat shrinkage stress even after heat treatment, whereas the polyester component has a low heat shrinkage and a low heat shrinkage since the crystallization easily proceeds by heat setting. A crimp in which the polyester component is arranged on the outside is developed on the inside. Further, in the moisture absorbing state, the outer polyamide component absorbs moisture and elongates, and the inner polyester component hardly changes in length, so that the crimp ratio is reduced.
[0012]
However, when 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid is copolymerized with the polyester component as described above, the crystallinity of the component is reduced, and it becomes difficult to sufficiently increase the crimp rate of the conjugate fiber in a dry state.
[0013]
On the other hand, the present inventor increased the degree of orientation of the polyester component by forming a hollow portion on the polyester component side of the conjugate fiber, and crystallized even when 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid, which is difficult to crystallize, was copolymerized. And promoted the crimping rate in a dry state. Furthermore, in such a conjugate fiber, in spite of a very high crimping rate in a dry state, in a moisture absorbing state, the polyamide component is sufficiently elongated to reduce the crimping rate, and in a dry state and a moisture absorbing state. It was found that the difference in shrinkage rate could be significantly improved.
[0014]
The ratio of the hollow portion to the cross-sectional area of the cross section of the conjugate fiber (hereinafter sometimes referred to as hollow ratio) needs to be 0.5 to 10%, preferably 1 to 8%, more preferably 2 to 6%. is there. When the hollow ratio is less than 0.5%, crystallization of the polyester component does not proceed and sufficient crimp cannot be provided. On the other hand, when the hollow ratio exceeds 10%, the spinnability deteriorates. The number of hollow portions is preferably one, but may be plural. When there are two or more hollow portions, the hollow ratio is determined from the total area of the hollow portions. In addition, as a shape of a hollow part, a circle, a triangle, a square, etc. shape can be illustrated, for example.
[0015]
The side-by-side type conjugate fiber of the present invention is characterized by the shape of the joint between the polyamide component and the polyester component, and it is important that the shape is corrugated. This is effective for preventing separation between the polyamide component and the polyester component. The cause of this is not clear, but the wave shape is longer than the mere straight or convex shape of the joint, and the stress is dispersed when peeling is about to occur. It is thought that it is done. Here, the corrugated shape means that, in the cross section of the conjugate fiber, one component protrudes one or more from the other component to form a corrugated shape as a whole. For example, FIG. 1 (1) To (5).
[0016]
In the present invention, both the effect of forming the hollow portion on the polyester component side described above and the effect of forming the joining portion between the polyester component and the polyamide component into a corrugated shape improve the crimp rate change, and This makes it possible to prevent peeling at the part.
[0017]
Further, in the present invention, the difference in the crimp rate of the conjugate fiber between the dry state and the hygroscopic state is preferably 15% or more, more preferably 17 to 50%, and further preferably 20 to 40%. Thereby, a fabric excellent in comfort can be obtained.
[0018]
The area ratio of the polyamide component to the polyester component in the fiber cross section is preferably in the range of polyamide / polyester = 30/70 to 70/30, and more preferably in the range of 40/60 to 60/40.
[0019]
Although the total fineness of the conjugate fiber of the present invention is not particularly limited, those having a fineness of 40 to 200 dtex and a fineness of 1 to 6 dtex can be used as ordinary clothing materials. Note that the confounding processing of the present invention may be performed as necessary.
[0020]
The conjugate fiber of the present invention can be produced, for example, by the following method. A composite fiber having a fiber cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. 1A has a polyester component side and a polyamide component side discharge hole separated as shown in FIG. 2, for example, and the polyester component side discharge hole area SA is polyamide. Using a spinneret that is larger than the discharge hole area SB on the side (that is, the discharge linear velocity on the polyester component side is made smaller than the discharge linear velocity on the polyamide side), and the molten polymer of polyester and polyamide is discharged from each discharge hole. Are discharged, joined in a molten state, cooled and solidified, and stretched as necessary. When using the above spinneret, SA / SB is preferably set in a range of 1.1 to 1.8.
[0021]
Furthermore, when performing drawing, the undrawn yarn obtained by spinning is once wound and then drawn, and then subjected to heat treatment as necessary, in addition to the so-called separate drawing method, without unwinding the undrawn yarn once. Either of a so-called straight-drawing method in which stretching and, if necessary, heat treatment are performed, can be adopted. As the spinning speed in the spinning, for example, a spinning speed of about 1000 to 3500 m / min which is usually adopted can be adopted. The conditions for stretching and heat treatment are set so that the elongation after stretching is about 25 to 50% and the shrinkage after stretching is about 5 to 15%. Is preferred.
[0022]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. Each item in the examples was measured by the following method.
(1) Intrinsic viscosity of polyamide m-cresol was used as a solvent and measured at 30 ° C.
(2) Intrinsic viscosity of polyester Orthochlorophenol was used as a solvent and measured at 35 ° C.
(3) Strength (cN / dtex), elongation (%)
After leaving the fiber sample in a room maintained at a constant temperature and humidity of 25 ° C. and a humidity of 60% for 24 hours, a 100 mm length of the sample was set on a tensile tester Tensilon manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation at a speed of 200 mm / min. And the strength and elongation at break were measured.
(4) Boiling water shrinkage BWS (%)
The measurement was performed according to JIS L1013 8.18 B method. The boiling water temperature was in the Boil state.
(5) Joint shape of polyamide component and polyester component A 1500-fold photograph of a color fiber cross section was taken of an arbitrary cross section of the conjugate fiber, and the joint shape between the polyamide component and the polyester component in the filament was investigated.
(6) Hollow ratio (%)
The photograph of the cross section of the color fiber obtained in (4) was enlarged to 300%, and the ratio was determined by the ratio (a / b × 100) of the area (a) of the hollow portion and the area (b) of the entire filament.
(7) Separation state of polyamide component and polyamide component After knitting our composite fiber, boil-dying it with a cationic dye and treating it in a high-pressure dyeing machine at 120 ° C for 30 minutes, unwrap this tube and unwrap the fiber. The color fiber cross-section photograph was taken out in the same manner as in (4), and the state of peeling was examined from the photograph.
(8) Moisture crimp rate TCh (%) and dry crimp rate TCd (%)
The composite fiber is placed in a 30 cm long scalpel, treated in boiling water for 30 minutes under a load of 1.77 × 10 −3 cN / dtex (2 mmg / de) to develop crimps, and then air-dried for 24 hours. Then, samples for measuring the moisture absorption crimp rate TCh and the dry heat crimp rate TCd were prepared.
After the former sample was immersed in water for 30 minutes, it was taken out, and the attached water was wiped off with a filter paper. Then, within 10 minutes, the crimp rate TC determined by the following method was defined as the moisture absorption crimp rate TCh (%). On the other hand, after the latter sample was dried at a temperature of 100 ° C. for 10 minutes, the crimp rate TC obtained by the following method within 10 minutes was defined as dry crimp rate TCd (%). The difference between the two (TCd-TCh) was defined as the rate of change ΔTC of the composite fiber yarn due to moisture absorption.
The crimp ratio TC is determined by measuring the length of the conjugate fiber after standing for 1 minute under a load of 0.177 cN / dtex (200 mmg / de) in an atmosphere at a temperature of 25 ° C. and a humidity of 60 ° C. The length was defined as L1, then the length after standing for 1 minute under a load of 1.77 × 10 −3 cN / dtex (2 mmg / de) was measured and defined as L2.
Crimp rate TC (%) = (L1−L2) / L1 × 100
[0023]
[Example 1]
Modified polyethylene terephthalate (PET) obtained by copolymerizing nylon 6 (Ny6) having an intrinsic viscosity [η] of 1.1 and 2.6 mol% of 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid having an intrinsic viscosity [η] of 0.46. Are melted at 270 ° C. and 290 ° C., respectively, and the composite spinneret shown in FIG. 2 (area of the arc-shaped slit on the PET side SA = 0.165 mm 2 ; Extruded at a discharge rate of 11.5 g / min and bonded, using an area SB = 0.110 mm 2 , a slit width A2 = 0.10 mm, and a gap d = 0.08 mm between both slits. After cooling, solidifying and applying an oil agent, the filament is preheated at a speed of 1000 m / min with a roller at a temperature of 60 ° C., and then at a speed of 2700 m / min and a temperature of 140 ° C. To obtain a composite fiber of 86dtex-24fil wound up performs a stretch heat treatment between heated the roller. As shown in FIG. 1 (1), the cross section of the obtained composite fiber had a hollow portion on the PET component side, and the joint between the Ny6 component and the PET component had a corrugated shape. Table 1 shows the results.
[0024]
[Comparative Example 1]
A composite fiber was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a conventionally known composite spinneret having the same ejection hole area on the Ny6 component side and the PET component side and not forming a hollow portion was used. As shown in FIG. 3, the cross section of the obtained conjugate fiber does not have a hollow portion on the polyester component side, and the polyamide component protrudes to the polyester component side in a convex shape. It was not a shape but a simple curve. Table 1 shows the results.
[0025]
[Examples 2, 3, and Comparative Example 2]
Spinning was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the melting temperature of PET was changed as shown in Table 1 and the hollow ratio was changed as shown in Table 1, to obtain a conjugate fiber. Table 1 shows the results.
[0026]
[Examples 4, 5 and Comparative Examples 3, 4]
Composite fiber fibers were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that PET was changed to PET having a copolymerization amount of 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid shown in Table 1. Table 1 shows the results.
[0027]
[Table 1]
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the change of the crimp rate in a dry state and a hygroscopic state is sufficiently large, and the peeling of the joining part of a polyamide component and a polyester component is remarkably improved, and the conjugate fiber suitable as a comfortable fabric is provided. can do.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of a cross section of a conjugate fiber of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an example of a discharge hole of a spinneret used in the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing an example of a cross section of a conventional conjugate fiber.
[Explanation of symbols]
A: Polyamide component A: Polyester component C: Joint between polyamide component and polyester component D: Hollow portion
Claims (2)
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| JP2003157715A JP4238067B2 (en) | 2003-06-03 | 2003-06-03 | Moisture sensitive crimped composite fiber |
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| WO2006090808A1 (en) * | 2005-02-23 | 2006-08-31 | Teijin Fibers Limited | Composite fabric material undergoing three-dimensional structure change upon water absorption and textile product |
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