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JP2004358021A - Thrombus/atheroma removal device - Google Patents

Thrombus/atheroma removal device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004358021A
JP2004358021A JP2003161706A JP2003161706A JP2004358021A JP 2004358021 A JP2004358021 A JP 2004358021A JP 2003161706 A JP2003161706 A JP 2003161706A JP 2003161706 A JP2003161706 A JP 2003161706A JP 2004358021 A JP2004358021 A JP 2004358021A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
thrombus
atheroma
catheter
blood vessel
removal device
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Pending
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JP2003161706A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Riyuusaku Yamada
龍作 山田
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to JP2003161706A priority Critical patent/JP2004358021A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a thrombus/atheroma removal device efficiently and safely removing the thrombus and the atheroma in a short period of time. <P>SOLUTION: A thrombus/atheroma removal member 5 provided at the tip of a drive shaft 3 inserted into a catheter 1 is formed of a plurality of elastic wires 4 extending in the longitudinal direction of the blood vessel, the respective elastic wires 4 are contracted and stored in the catheter 1, and are radially expanded into outward projecting shapes in the longitudinal direction by an elastic restoring force, when the wires are fed from the tip of the catheter 1. This constitution can move the plurality of radially expanded elastic wires 4 in the blood vessel having changing diameters across the long distance without changing the size of the catheter, efficiently remove the thrombus and the atheroma extending over the wide range by the respective rotating elastic wires 4, and safely introduce the tip of the catheter 1 without damaging the inner wall of the blood vessel. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、血管内の血栓や粥腫の除去治療に用いられる血栓粥腫除去装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、血行障害やこれに起因する各種器官の障害を引き起こす血栓の除去治療には、ウロキナーゼのような血栓溶解剤を用いる方法が多く採用されている。
【0003】
一方、動脈硬化を引き起こす粥腫(血管内壁に堆積するコレステロール)については、積極的な除去治療手段がなかったが、近年、図7に示すような粥腫除去用の装置が商品化されている(商品名:ロータブレーターローテーショナルアテレクトミー装置、米国ボストンサイエンティフィック社製)。この粥腫除去用装置は、カテーテル51に通されたフレキシブルなドライブシャフト52の先端に、ダイヤモンドコーティングを施した楕円球体のバー53を取り付け、バー53を高速回転させることにより、血管内壁の粥腫を削り取って除去するものである。なお、中空のドライブシャフト52にはガイドワイヤ54が通され、ガイドワイヤ54がバー53の先端から繰り出されて、バー53を粥腫で狭まった血管内に案内するようになっている。この粥腫除去用装置を用いる治療は、治療部をX線装置で透視しながら行われる。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上述した従来の粥腫除去用装置は、粥腫を削り取る楕円球体のバーの外径が一定であるので、内径が変化する血管内を移動できる距離が短く限定される。このため、広範囲に渡って血管内壁に堆積する粥腫を除去するためには、カテーテルを異なるサイズのものに交換する必要があり、治療効率が悪い問題がある。
【0005】
また、カテーテルの先端に、その外径よりも大径で表面にダイヤモンドコーティングを施された楕円球体が露出しているので、カテーテルを血管内に導入する際に、血管内壁を傷つける恐れがあり、万が一誤ってドライブシャフトを回転駆動させ、高速回転する楕円球体で血管を破損する恐れもある。さらに、削り取られた粥腫の細片が末梢に流れ、末梢血管の塞栓を来たす恐れもある。
【0006】
一方、従来の血栓溶解剤を用いる血栓の除去方法は、血栓が溶解するのに時間を要し、治療期間が長くなる問題がある。なお、血管内壁に付着する血栓はゲル状で軟らかいので、上述した粥腫除去用装置では、血栓が高速回転するバーから逃げ、効率よく除去することができない。
【0007】
そこで、この発明の課題は、血栓や粥腫の除去治療を、短時間で効率よく、かつ安全に行うことができる血栓粥腫除去装置を提供することである。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の課題を解決するために、この発明の血栓粥腫除去装置は、血管内に導入されるカテーテルの基端から挿入され、回転駆動されるフレキシブルなドライブシャフトの先端に、血管内壁の血栓または粥腫を除去する血栓粥腫除去部材を設け、この血栓粥腫除去部材を血管の長手方向に延びる複数の弾性ワイヤで形成して、これらの各弾性ワイヤが凋められて前記カテーテルに収納され、カテーテルの先端から繰り出されたときに、弾性復元力により長手方向に外向き凸状で放射状に拡がる構成を採用した。
【0009】
すなわち、カテーテルに挿入されるドライブシャフトの先端に設けた血栓粥腫除去部材を、血管の長手方向に延びる複数の弾性ワイヤで形成して、これらの各弾性ワイヤが、カテーテルに凋められて収納され、カテーテルの先端から繰り出されたときに、弾性復元力で長手方向に外向き凸状で放射状に拡がるものとすることにより、放射状に拡がった複数の弾性ワイヤを内径が変化する血管内で長い距離に渡って移動させ、回転する各弾性ワイヤで血管内壁の血栓を掻き取ったり、粥腫を削り取ったりして、カテーテルのサイズを交換することなく、広範囲に渡る血栓や粥腫の除去治療を可能にするとともに、各弾性ワイヤをカテーテルに収納して、血管内壁を傷付けることなく、カテーテルの先端を安全に治療部へ導入できるようにした。また、各弾性ワイヤのカテーテル先端からの繰り出し長さを調節して、その拡がり量を血管の太さに応じて調整することができる。
【0010】
なお、前記各弾性ワイヤを長手方向に外向き凸状で放射状に拡がるようにしたのは、弾性ワイヤの血管内壁やカテーテル内壁への引っ掛かりを防止して、血管内での進退移動とカテーテルへの出し入れをスムーズに行うためである。
【0011】
前記各弾性ワイヤに、長手方向の捩じりを付与することにより、回転する各弾性ワイヤをその長手方向で回転方向に傾けて治療部に摺接させ、摺接抵抗を小さくして、血栓や粥腫を効率よく除去することができる。また、弾性ワイヤの回転方向での剛性も高めることができる。
【0012】
前記各弾性ワイヤの断面に、鋭角のエッジ部を設けることにより、粥腫を除去する際に、その削り取り効率を高めることができる。
【0013】
前記各弾性ワイヤの周りに、前記弾性ワイヤの放射状の拡がり量を調整する絞りリングをスライド可能に嵌め込むことにより、絞りリングのスライド位置を調節して、血栓粥腫除去部材を治療部の血管の太さに応じた弾性ワイヤの拡がり量に調整することができ、より広範囲の治療部に使用することができる。
【0014】
前記カテーテルの先端近傍の外周に、前記血管内壁との隙間をシールするシール部材を設けることにより、血流を遮断して、除去された血栓や粥腫が治療部の血管から拡散するのを防止し、これらをカテーテルの先端から効率よく吸引して外部に排出することができる。
【0015】
前記シール部材を、中空で内圧により膨縮可能なものとすることにより、シール部材を縮めて、カテーテルを治療部へスムーズに導入することができる。シール部材に内圧を付与する手段としては、造影剤溶液等の液体や炭酸ガス等の気体をシール部材の中に供給する方法を採用することができる。
【0016】
前記カテーテルの先端出口部の内径側に軸受を設けることにより、前記血栓粥腫除去部材の各弾性ワイヤの繰り出し長さを調節してその拡がり量を小さく調整するときに、拡がり付勢された各弾性ワイヤをこの軸受で支持して、スムーズに回転させることができる。なお、各弾性ワイヤの全長を繰り出して回転させるときは、この軸受でドライブシャフトの回転を支持することができる。また、軸受を金属性のものとすれば、治療時におけるカテーテルの先端位置を透視用のX線装置で容易に認識することができる。
【0017】
前記カテーテルの基端側に分岐管を設けることにより、この分岐管を通して、除去した血栓や粥腫の細片を外部に吸引排出したり、分岐管から血液抗凝固剤等の点滴液を供給したりすることができる。
【0018】
前記ドライブシャフトを、前記カテーテルの基端側から前記血栓粥腫除去部材を設けたまま抜き取り可能とすることにより、ドライブシャフトを抜き取ったカテーテルから血栓溶解剤等を送り込んだり、除去した血栓や粥腫を吸引排出したりすることができる。また、この場合は、ドライブシャフトを抜き取った状態でカテーテルをよりフレキシブルに治療部へ導入し、後からドライブシャフトを挿入することもできる。
【0019】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図1乃至図6に基づき、この発明の実施形態を説明する。図1乃至図4は、第1の実施形態を示す。この血栓粥腫除去装置は、図1に示すように、可撓性を有する合成樹脂製のカテーテル1の基端から挿入され、モータ2で回転駆動されるステンレス鋼製の撚り線で形成されたフレキシブルなドライブシャフト3の先端に、弾性復元力で紡錘状に拡がる4本のステンレス鋼製弾性ワイヤ4で形成された血栓粥腫除去部材5を接続したものである。血栓粥腫除去部材5の先には小球6を先端に形成したステンレス鋼製のガイドワイヤ7が接続されている。また、カテーテル1の先端近傍の外周には、血管内壁との隙間をシールするゴム製等のシール部材8が装着され、カテーテル1の基端側には分岐管9が設けられている。
【0020】
図2(a)に示すように、前記血栓粥腫除去部材5の各弾性ワイヤ4は、基端側と先端側をそれぞれ接続管10で締め付けて、ドライブシャフト3とガイドワイヤ7に接続され、長手方向に捩じりを付与されており、回転する際に長手方向で回転方向に傾いて治療部に摺接するようになっている。また、カテーテル1の先端出口部の内径側には、金属製の転がり軸受11が取り付けられている。なお、この金属製の軸受11は治療部を透視するX線装置で検出されるので、治療時にカテーテル1の先端位置を容易に認識することができる。
【0021】
図2(b)に拡大して示すように、前記シール部材8は中空とされ、カテーテル1の壁内に設けられた供給管8aから造影剤溶液を供給されて、その内圧で膨縮するようになっている。したがって、カテーテル1を治療部に導入したり、治療後に抜き取ったりする際には、シール部材8を縮めてカテーテル1をスムーズに血管内で移動させることができる。
【0022】
図2(c)に示すように、前記弾性ワイヤ4の断面は扇形形状とされ、扇形の両側に鋭角のエッジ部4aが設けられている。弾性ワイヤ4は、紡錘状の中央部で扇形断面の円弧部が外方に向けられ、回転先端側を向く一方のエッジ部4aで、後述する動脈血管Aの粥腫Bが削り取られる。なお、血栓の除去に用いるものでは、必ずしもエッジ部を設ける必要はない。
【0023】
以下に、図3を参照しながら、上述した血栓粥腫除去装置を用いて、動脈血管Aの粥腫Bを除去治療する手順を説明する。まず、図3(a)に示すように、カテーテル1の先端部が、ドライブシャフト3先端の血栓粥腫除去部材5の各弾性ワイヤ4を凋めて収納し、中空のシール部材8を縮めた状態で、動脈血管Aの末梢側に向けて治療部に導入される。なお、カテーテル1のみを先に治療部へ導入し、後からドライブシャフト3をカテーテル1に挿入するようにしてもよい。
【0024】
カテーテル1の先端部が治療部に導入されると、図3(b)に示すように、シール部材8が膨らまされて血管内壁との隙間がシールされるとともに、収納された血栓粥腫除去部材5がカテーテル1の先端から繰り出され、各弾性ワイヤ4が動脈血管Aの内壁に長手方向で凸状に沿うように、弾性復元力で放射状に拡がる。
【0025】
こののち、図3(c)に示すように、前記ドライブシャフト3が前方へ繰り出されながら回転駆動され、血栓粥腫除去部材5は回転する各弾性ワイヤ4で粥腫Bを削り取りながら、その先端側のガイドワイヤ7で案内されて動脈血管Aの末梢側へ移動する。このとき、治療部の血流は膨らんだシール部材8で遮断されているので、削り取られた粥腫Bが他の部位に拡散することはない。なお、治療中には血液が凝固することがあるので、このような場合は、前記分岐管9から塩酸ヘパリン等の血液抗凝固剤の点滴液を供給することができる。
【0026】
図3(d)に示すように、内径が小さくなる動脈血管Aの末梢側では、各弾性ワイヤ4の放射状の拡がりが血管内壁に沿って小さくなる。所定の距離まで治療部の粥腫Bを削り取り終えると、血栓粥腫除去部材5は、図3(a)に示した状態に戻され、放射状の拡がった各弾性ワイヤ4が凋められてカテーテル1に収納される。この収納の際には、比較的粗い粥腫Bの削り取り片が凋められる各弾性ワイヤ4の間に把持され、カテーテル1の中に取り込まれる。粥腫Bの細かい削り取り片は、血栓粥腫除去部材5が収納されたのち、カテーテル1の先端から一部の血液と一緒に吸引され、分岐管9から外部に排出される。この削り取り片の排出は、ドライブシャフト3をカテーテル1から抜き取って行ってもよい。
【0027】
図4(a)、(b)は、より細い動脈血管Aの粥腫Bを除去治療する場合の上記血栓粥腫除去装置の使用例を示す。この使用例の場合は、図4(a)に示すように、前記各弾性ワイヤ4はカテーテル1先端からの繰り出し長さを短くされて、その放射状の拡がり量を細い動脈血管Aに対応させて小さく調整されており、これらの拡がり付勢された各弾性ワイヤ4は、カテーテル1先端出口部の転がり軸受11の内輪に支持されている。こののち、図4(b)に示すように、シール部材8を膨らましてからドライブシャフト3を回転駆動する。この場合は、粥腫Bを削り取る血栓粥腫除去部材5と一緒に、カテーテル1も動脈血管Aの末梢側へ移動する。
【0028】
この実施形態では、動脈血管Aの粥腫Bを除去する治療例を示したが、血栓粥腫除去部材5は、回転する各弾性ワイヤ4で掻き取ることにより、血管内壁に付着する血栓も除去することができる。血栓を除去する場合は、ドライブシャフト3を抜き取ったカテーテル1から血栓溶解剤を血管内に送り込み、血栓溶解剤による治療を併用することもできる。また、血栓は静脈血管にも付着するので、静脈血管の血栓を除去する場合は、カテーテル1を静脈血管に導入すればよい。
【0029】
図5は、第2の実施形態を示す。この血栓粥腫除去装置は、基本的な構成は第1の実施形態のものと同じであり、前記血栓粥腫除去部材5の各弾性ワイヤ4の周りに、これらの放射状の拡がり量を調整する絞りリング12をスライド可能に嵌め込んだ点のみが異なる。この実施形態では、絞りリング12のスライド位置を調節し、治療部の血管の太さに応じて各弾性ワイヤ4の拡がり量を予め調整することができ、より広範囲の治療部に使用することができる。なお、絞りリング12は各弾性ワイヤ4の先端側に嵌め込んでもよい。
【0030】
図6は、第3の実施形態を示す。この血栓粥腫除去装置は、基本的な構成は第1の実施形態のものと同じであり、前記血栓粥腫除去部材5の形態のみが異なる。この血栓粥腫除去部材5は6本のステンレス鋼製弾性ワイヤ4で形成され、カテーテル1の先端から繰り出されたときに、各弾性ワイヤ4が弾性復元力で茶筅状に拡がるようになっており、ガイドワイヤ7は設けられていない。この血栓粥腫除去部材5は、第1の実施形態のものよりも、粗い粥腫Bの削り取り片を把持しやすい。
【0031】
上述した各実施形態では、血栓粥腫除去部材を形成する複数の弾性ワイヤを、紡錘状や茶筅状に拡がるものとしたが、各弾性ワイヤは長手方向に外向き凸状で放射状に拡がるものであればよく、その本数、断面形状および拡がり形状は、これらの実施形態のものに限定されることはない。その材質も弾性を有し人体に無害なものであればよく、チタン等の金属製や合成樹脂製のものとすることもできる。なお、ドライブシャフトは必ずしも撚り線のものとする必要はなく、カテーテルのサイズが小さいものでは、1本の鋼線で形成してもよい。
【0032】
また、治療部の血流を遮断するシール部材を中空で内圧を付与するものとしたが、中空や中実で弾性復元力により血管内壁に当接するものとしてもよい。血栓粥腫除去部材を案内するガイドワイヤを設ける場合は、これをドライブシャフトの中を通して、独立にカテーテルの先端から繰り出されるものとしてもよい。
【0033】
【発明の効果】
以上のように、この発明の血栓粥腫除去装置は、カテーテルに挿入されるドライブシャフトの先端に設けた血栓粥腫除去部材を、血管の長手方向に延びる複数の弾性ワイヤで形成して、これらの各弾性ワイヤを、カテーテルに凋められて収納され、カテーテルの先端から繰り出されたときに、弾性復元力で長手方向に外向き凸状で放射状に拡がるものとしたので、放射状に拡がった複数の弾性ワイヤを内径が変化する血管内で長い距離に渡って移動させ、回転する各弾性ワイヤで血管内壁の血栓を掻き取ったり、粥腫を削り取ったりして、カテーテルのサイズを交換することなく、広範囲に渡る血栓や粥腫の除去治療を効率よく行うことができ、かつ、各弾性ワイヤをカテーテルに収納して、血管内壁を傷付けることなく安全に治療部へ導入することができる。各弾性ワイヤのカテーテル先端からの繰り出し長さを調節して、その拡がり量を血管の太さに応じて調整するここもできる。
【0034】
前記各弾性ワイヤに、長手方向の捩じりを付与することにより、回転する各弾性ワイヤをその長手方向で回転方向に傾けて治療部に摺接させ、摺接抵抗を小さくして、血栓や粥腫を効率よく除去することができ、弾性ワイヤの回転方向での剛性も高めることができる。
【0035】
前記各弾性ワイヤの断面に、鋭角のエッジ部を設けることにより、粥腫を除去する際に、その削り取り効率を高めることができる。
【0036】
前記各弾性ワイヤの周りに、弾性ワイヤの放射状の拡がり量を調整する絞りリングをスライド可能に嵌め込むことにより、絞りリングのスライド位置を調節して、血栓粥腫除去部材を治療部の血管の太さに応じた弾性ワイヤの拡がり量に調整することができ、より広範囲の治療部に使用することができる。
【0037】
前記カテーテルの先端近傍の外周に、血管内壁との隙間をシールするシール部材を設けることにより、血流を遮断して、除去された血栓や粥腫が治療部の血管から拡散するのを防止することができる。
【0038】
前記シール部材を、中空で内圧により膨縮可能なものとすることにより、シール部材を縮めて、カテーテルを治療部へスムーズに導入することができる。
【0039】
前記カテーテルの先端出口部の内径側に軸受を設けることにより、血栓粥腫除去部材の各弾性ワイヤの繰り出し長さを調節してその拡がり量を小さく調整するときに、拡がり付勢された各弾性ワイヤをこの軸受で支持して、スムーズに回転させることができる。
【0040】
前記カテーテルの基端側に分岐管を設けることにより、この分岐管を通して、除去した血栓や粥腫を外部に吸引排出したり、分岐管から血液抗凝固剤等の点滴液を供給したりすることができる。
【0041】
前記ドライブシャフトを、カテーテルの基端側から血栓粥腫除去部材を設けたまま抜き取り可能とすることにより、ドライブシャフトを抜き取ったカテーテルから血栓溶解剤等を送り込んだり、除去した血栓や粥腫を効率よく吸引排出したりすることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】第1の実施形態の血栓粥腫除去装置を示す一部省略側面図
【図2】aは図1の血栓粥腫除去装置の先端部を拡大して示す切欠き側面図、bはaのシール部材近傍の拡大断面図、cはaのC−C線に沿った拡大断面図
【図3】a、b、c、dは、図1の血栓粥腫除去装置を用いた粥腫の除去治療手順を説明する側面断面図
【図4】a、bは、図1の血栓粥腫除去装置の別の使用例を示す側面断面図
【図5】第2の実施形態の血栓粥腫除去装置の先端部を示す切欠き側面図
【図6】第3の実施形態の血栓粥腫除去装置の先端部を示す概観斜視図
【図7】従来の粥腫除去用装置の先端部を示す側面断面図
【符号の説明】
1 カテーテル
2 モータ
3 ドライブシャフト
4 弾性ワイヤ
4a エッジ部
5 血栓粥腫除去部材
6 小球
7 ガイドワイヤ
8 シール部材
8a 供給管
9 分岐管
10 接続管
11 軸受
12 絞りリング
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a thrombus / atheroma removing device used for treatment of removing a thrombus or atheroma in a blood vessel.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a method of using a thrombolytic agent such as urokinase has been widely used for removing and treating thrombus which causes impairment of blood circulation and various organs resulting therefrom.
[0003]
On the other hand, atheroma (cholesterol deposited on the inner wall of blood vessels) that causes arteriosclerosis has not been actively removed and treated, but in recent years, an apparatus for removing atheroma as shown in FIG. 7 has been commercialized. (Product name: Rotablator rotation atherectomy device, manufactured by Boston Scientific, USA). This atheroma removing device attaches a diamond-coated bar 53 of an ellipsoidal sphere to the tip of a flexible drive shaft 52 passed through a catheter 51, and rotates the bar 53 at a high speed to form an atheroma on the inner wall of a blood vessel. To remove it. A guide wire 54 is passed through the hollow drive shaft 52, and the guide wire 54 is drawn out from the tip of the bar 53, and guides the bar 53 into a blood vessel narrowed by atheroma. The treatment using this atheroma removing device is performed while seeing through the treatment part with an X-ray device.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the above-mentioned conventional plaque removing device, since the outer diameter of the bar of the ellipsoidal sphere for scraping the plaque is constant, the distance that can be moved in the blood vessel whose inner diameter changes is limited to a short distance. For this reason, in order to remove the plaque that accumulates on the inner wall of the blood vessel over a wide range, it is necessary to replace the catheter with a catheter of a different size, and there is a problem that the treatment efficiency is poor.
[0005]
Also, at the tip of the catheter, since the ellipsoidal sphere with a diameter larger than its outer diameter and the surface of which is coated with diamond is exposed, when introducing the catheter into the blood vessel, there is a risk of damaging the inner wall of the blood vessel, If the drive shaft is accidentally rotated, the blood vessel may be damaged by the elliptical sphere rotating at high speed. In addition, the scraped atheroma debris may flow peripherally, resulting in embolization of peripheral blood vessels.
[0006]
On the other hand, the conventional method of removing a thrombus using a thrombolytic agent has a problem that it takes a long time for the thrombus to dissolve and the treatment period is prolonged. In addition, since the thrombus adhering to the inner wall of the blood vessel is gel-like and soft, the thrombus escapes from the high-speed rotating bar and cannot be efficiently removed by the above-described atheroma removing device.
[0007]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a thrombus atheroma removal device capable of performing thrombus and atheroma removal treatment efficiently in a short time and safely.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the thrombus atheroma removal device of the present invention is inserted from the proximal end of a catheter to be introduced into a blood vessel, and is attached to the distal end of a flexible drive shaft that is driven to rotate. A thrombus atheroma removing member for removing atheroma is provided, and the thrombus atheroma removing member is formed of a plurality of elastic wires extending in the longitudinal direction of the blood vessel. Each of these elastic wires is folded and housed in the catheter. When the catheter is pulled out from the distal end of the catheter, a configuration is employed in which the elastically restoring force radially expands outwardly in a convex shape in the longitudinal direction.
[0009]
That is, the thrombus plaque removing member provided at the tip of the drive shaft inserted into the catheter is formed of a plurality of elastic wires extending in the longitudinal direction of the blood vessel, and each of these elastic wires is stored in the catheter by being lowered. When extended from the distal end of the catheter, by elastically restoring force and radially expand outwardly convex in the longitudinal direction, a plurality of radially expanded elastic wires are elongated in a blood vessel whose inner diameter changes. Move over a distance and use a rotating elastic wire to scrape the thrombus on the inner wall of the blood vessel or scrape the atheroma, and remove the thrombus and atheroma over a wide area without changing the catheter size. In addition to the above, each elastic wire is housed in a catheter so that the distal end of the catheter can be safely introduced into the treatment unit without damaging the inner wall of the blood vessel. Further, the extension length of each elastic wire from the catheter tip can be adjusted, and the spread amount can be adjusted according to the thickness of the blood vessel.
[0010]
The reason that each elastic wire is radially expanded in a convex shape outward in the longitudinal direction is to prevent the elastic wire from being caught on the inner wall of the blood vessel or the inner wall of the catheter, to advance and retreat in the blood vessel and to the catheter. This is for smooth entry and exit.
[0011]
By imparting a torsion in the longitudinal direction to each of the elastic wires, each of the rotating elastic wires is inclined in the rotational direction in its longitudinal direction to slidably contact the treatment portion, thereby reducing the sliding contact resistance, thereby reducing thrombus and thrombosis. The atheroma can be removed efficiently. In addition, the rigidity of the elastic wire in the rotation direction can be increased.
[0012]
By providing an acute-angled edge portion in the cross section of each of the elastic wires, it is possible to enhance the shaving efficiency when removing atheroma.
[0013]
A squeezing ring for adjusting the amount of radial expansion of the elastic wire is slidably fitted around each of the elastic wires, thereby adjusting the sliding position of the squeezing ring, and allowing the thrombus atheroma removing member to move the thrombus atheroma removing member to the blood vessel of the treatment section. Can be adjusted to the amount of expansion of the elastic wire according to the thickness of the elastic wire, and can be used for a wider range of treatment units.
[0014]
By providing a seal member on the outer periphery near the distal end of the catheter to seal a gap with the inner wall of the blood vessel, the blood flow is blocked, and the removed thrombus and atheroma are prevented from diffusing from the blood vessel of the treatment part. These can be efficiently suctioned from the tip of the catheter and discharged to the outside.
[0015]
By making the seal member hollow and expandable and contractable by internal pressure, the seal member can be contracted and the catheter can be smoothly introduced into the treatment section. As a means for applying an internal pressure to the seal member, a method of supplying a liquid such as a contrast agent solution or a gas such as carbon dioxide gas into the seal member can be adopted.
[0016]
By providing a bearing on the inner diameter side of the distal end outlet portion of the catheter, when the extension length of each elastic wire of the thrombus plaque removing member is adjusted to adjust the amount of expansion, each of the expanded and biased members is adjusted. The elastic wire can be supported by this bearing and smoothly rotated. When the entire length of each elastic wire is extended and rotated, the bearing can support rotation of the drive shaft. If the bearing is made of metal, the position of the distal end of the catheter at the time of treatment can be easily recognized by the X-ray fluoroscope.
[0017]
By providing a branch tube on the proximal end side of the catheter, through this branch tube, a removed thrombus or plaque strip is sucked and discharged to the outside, or an infusion liquid such as a blood anticoagulant is supplied from the branch tube. Or you can.
[0018]
By allowing the drive shaft to be withdrawn from the proximal end side of the catheter with the thrombus / atheroma removing member provided, a thrombus dissolving agent or the like is fed from the catheter from which the drive shaft has been removed, or the removed thrombus or atheroma is removed. Can be sucked and discharged. In this case, the catheter can be more flexibly introduced into the treatment section with the drive shaft removed, and the drive shaft can be inserted later.
[0019]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 show a first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the thrombus atheroma removal device is formed of a stainless steel stranded wire that is inserted from the proximal end of a flexible synthetic resin catheter 1 and is driven to rotate by a motor 2. A thrombus atheroma removing member 5 formed of four stainless steel elastic wires 4 that spread in a spindle shape by elastic restoring force is connected to the tip of a flexible drive shaft 3. To the tip of the thrombus atheroma removing member 5, a stainless steel guide wire 7 having a small ball 6 formed at the tip is connected. A sealing member 8 made of rubber or the like for sealing a gap with an inner wall of a blood vessel is mounted on an outer periphery near a distal end of the catheter 1, and a branch tube 9 is provided on a proximal end side of the catheter 1.
[0020]
As shown in FIG. 2A, each elastic wire 4 of the thrombus atheroma removing member 5 is connected to the drive shaft 3 and the guide wire 7 by fastening the proximal end and the distal end of the elastic wire 4 with the connecting pipe 10, respectively. The torsion is provided in the longitudinal direction, and when rotating, the torsion is inclined in the rotational direction in the longitudinal direction so as to slide on the treatment portion. In addition, a metal rolling bearing 11 is attached to the inner diameter side of the distal end exit portion of the catheter 1. Since the metal bearing 11 is detected by an X-ray apparatus that sees through the treatment section, the distal end position of the catheter 1 can be easily recognized at the time of treatment.
[0021]
As shown in FIG. 2 (b) in an enlarged manner, the sealing member 8 is hollow, and a contrast agent solution is supplied from a supply tube 8a provided in the wall of the catheter 1 so as to expand and contract by its internal pressure. It has become. Therefore, when the catheter 1 is introduced into the treatment section or removed after treatment, the seal member 8 can be contracted and the catheter 1 can be smoothly moved in the blood vessel.
[0022]
As shown in FIG. 2 (c), the cross section of the elastic wire 4 has a sector shape, and acute angle edges 4a are provided on both sides of the sector. The elastic wire 4 has a circular arc portion having a fan-shaped cross section at the spindle-shaped central portion, and the atheroma B of the arterial blood vessel A, which will be described later, is scraped off at one edge portion 4a facing the rotation tip side. It is not always necessary to provide an edge portion for removing a thrombus.
[0023]
Hereinafter, a procedure for removing and treating atheroma B of arterial blood vessel A using the above-described thrombus atheroma removing device will be described with reference to FIG. First, as shown in FIG. 3A, the distal end of the catheter 1 retracts and stores the respective elastic wires 4 of the thrombus plaque removing member 5 at the distal end of the drive shaft 3, and contracts the hollow seal member 8. In this state, it is introduced into the treatment section toward the peripheral side of the arterial blood vessel A. Note that only the catheter 1 may be first introduced into the treatment section, and the drive shaft 3 may be inserted into the catheter 1 later.
[0024]
When the distal end portion of the catheter 1 is introduced into the treatment section, as shown in FIG. 3B, the seal member 8 is inflated to seal the gap with the inner wall of the blood vessel, and the stored thrombus atheroma removing member is housed. 5 is drawn out from the distal end of the catheter 1, and each elastic wire 4 radially expands by an elastic restoring force so as to extend along the inner wall of the arterial blood vessel A in the longitudinal direction.
[0025]
Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 3 (c), the drive shaft 3 is driven to rotate while being pulled out forward, and the thrombus atheroma removing member 5 scrapes atheroma B with each of the rotating elastic wires 4 while removing the tip thereof. It is guided by the guide wire 7 on the side and moves to the peripheral side of the arterial blood vessel A. At this time, since the blood flow in the treatment section is blocked by the swelling seal member 8, the shaved atheroma B does not diffuse to other parts. In addition, since blood may coagulate during the treatment, in such a case, a drip of a blood anticoagulant such as heparin hydrochloride can be supplied from the branch tube 9.
[0026]
As shown in FIG. 3D, on the peripheral side of the arterial blood vessel A where the inner diameter becomes smaller, the radial spread of each elastic wire 4 becomes smaller along the inner wall of the blood vessel. When the atheroma B of the treatment section has been scraped off to a predetermined distance, the thrombus atheroma removal member 5 is returned to the state shown in FIG. 3A, and the radially expanded elastic wires 4 are lowered and the catheter is retracted. It is stored in 1. At the time of this storage, the shavings of the relatively rough atheroma B are grasped between the elastic wires 4 to be lowered and taken into the catheter 1. After the thrombus atheroma removing member 5 is stored, the fine shavings of the atheroma B are sucked together with a part of the blood from the distal end of the catheter 1 and discharged to the outside from the branch pipe 9. The removal of the shavings may be performed by extracting the drive shaft 3 from the catheter 1.
[0027]
4 (a) and 4 (b) show an example of use of the thrombus atheroma removal device when removing and treating atheroma B of a thinner arterial blood vessel A. FIG. In the case of this usage example, as shown in FIG. 4A, the length of each elastic wire 4 extended from the distal end of the catheter 1 is shortened, and the radial expansion amount is made to correspond to the thin arterial blood vessel A. Each of the elastic wires 4 adjusted to be small and urged to be spread is supported by the inner ring of the rolling bearing 11 at the exit of the distal end of the catheter 1. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 4B, the drive shaft 3 is driven to rotate after the seal member 8 is expanded. In this case, the catheter 1 also moves to the peripheral side of the arterial blood vessel A together with the thrombus atheroma removing member 5 for scraping the atheroma B.
[0028]
In this embodiment, the treatment example of removing the atheroma B of the arterial blood vessel A is shown. However, the thrombus atheroma removing member 5 also removes the thrombus adhering to the inner wall of the blood vessel by scraping with the rotating elastic wires 4. can do. When removing the thrombus, a thrombolytic agent can be fed into the blood vessel from the catheter 1 from which the drive shaft 3 has been removed, and the treatment with the thrombolytic agent can be used together. Further, since the thrombus also adheres to the venous blood vessel, when removing the thrombus of the venous blood vessel, the catheter 1 may be introduced into the venous blood vessel.
[0029]
FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment. This thrombus atheroma removing device has the same basic configuration as that of the first embodiment, and adjusts the radial spread amount around each elastic wire 4 of the thrombus atheroma removing member 5. The only difference is that the aperture ring 12 is slidably fitted. In this embodiment, the slide position of the aperture ring 12 can be adjusted, and the amount of expansion of each elastic wire 4 can be adjusted in advance according to the thickness of the blood vessel in the treatment section, and can be used for a wider range of treatment sections. it can. Note that the aperture ring 12 may be fitted to the distal end side of each elastic wire 4.
[0030]
FIG. 6 shows a third embodiment. This thrombus atheroma removing device has the same basic configuration as that of the first embodiment, and differs only in the form of the thrombus atheroma removing member 5. The thrombus atheroma removing member 5 is formed of six stainless steel elastic wires 4, and when it is pulled out from the tip of the catheter 1, each elastic wire 4 spreads in a chasen shape by elastic restoring force. And the guide wire 7 is not provided. The thrombus atheroma removing member 5 is easier to grasp the coarse atheroma B shavings than the first embodiment.
[0031]
In each of the above-described embodiments, the plurality of elastic wires forming the thrombus atheroma removing member are formed to spread in a spindle shape or a chasen shape.However, each elastic wire is formed to protrude outward in the longitudinal direction and radially spread. The number, cross-sectional shape, and spread shape are not limited to those of these embodiments. The material may be any material having elasticity and harmless to the human body, and may be made of metal such as titanium or synthetic resin. Note that the drive shaft does not necessarily need to be a stranded wire, and may be formed of a single steel wire if the catheter has a small size.
[0032]
Although the seal member for blocking the blood flow in the treatment section is hollow and applies internal pressure, the seal member may be hollow or solid and abut against the inner wall of the blood vessel by elastic restoring force. When a guidewire for guiding the thrombus atheroma removing member is provided, the guidewire may be passed through the drive shaft and independently drawn out from the distal end of the catheter.
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the thrombus atheroma removal device of the present invention forms the thrombus atheroma removal member provided at the tip of the drive shaft inserted into the catheter with a plurality of elastic wires extending in the longitudinal direction of the blood vessel. Each of the elastic wires is retracted and stored in the catheter, and when extended from the distal end of the catheter, the elastic restoring force radially expands outwardly in the longitudinal direction, so that a plurality of radially expanded Move the elastic wire of the inner diameter over a long distance in the changing blood vessel, scraping the thrombus on the inner wall of the blood vessel with each rotating elastic wire, scraping the atheroma, without changing the size of the catheter , Can efficiently remove and treat blood clots and atheromas over a wide area, and store each elastic wire in a catheter to safely introduce it to the treatment area without damaging the inner wall of blood vessels Rukoto can. It is also possible to adjust the extension length of each elastic wire from the catheter tip and adjust the spread amount according to the thickness of the blood vessel.
[0034]
By imparting a torsion in the longitudinal direction to each of the elastic wires, each of the rotating elastic wires is inclined in the rotational direction in its longitudinal direction to slidably contact the treatment portion, thereby reducing the sliding contact resistance, thereby reducing thrombus and thrombosis. The atheroma can be efficiently removed, and the rigidity of the elastic wire in the rotational direction can be increased.
[0035]
By providing an acute-angled edge portion in the cross section of each of the elastic wires, it is possible to enhance the shaving efficiency when removing atheroma.
[0036]
By slidably fitting an aperture ring for adjusting the radial expansion amount of the elastic wire around each of the elastic wires, the slide position of the aperture ring is adjusted, and the thrombus atheroma removal member is moved to the blood vessel of the treatment unit. It can be adjusted to the spread amount of the elastic wire according to the thickness, and can be used for a wider range of treatment units.
[0037]
By providing a sealing member for sealing the gap with the inner wall of the blood vessel on the outer periphery near the distal end of the catheter, the blood flow is blocked and the removed thrombus and atheroma are prevented from diffusing from the blood vessel of the treatment area. be able to.
[0038]
By making the seal member hollow and expandable and contractable by internal pressure, the seal member can be contracted and the catheter can be smoothly introduced into the treatment section.
[0039]
By providing a bearing on the inner diameter side of the distal end portion of the catheter, when adjusting the extension length of each elastic wire of the thrombus plaque removing member to adjust the amount of expansion, each of the elastic members urged to expand is adjusted. The wire can be supported by this bearing and smoothly rotated.
[0040]
By providing a branch tube at the proximal end side of the catheter, the removed thrombus and plaque can be sucked and discharged to the outside, and a drip solution such as a blood anticoagulant can be supplied from the branch tube through the branch tube. Can be.
[0041]
By allowing the drive shaft to be removed from the proximal end side of the catheter with the thrombus atheroma removing member provided, a thrombus dissolving agent or the like is fed from the catheter from which the drive shaft has been removed, and the removed thrombus or atheroma can be efficiently removed. It can be sucked and discharged well.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partially omitted side view showing a thrombus atheroma removing device according to a first embodiment. FIG. 2a is a cutaway side view showing an enlarged front end portion of the thrombus atheroma removing device of FIG. 1, b Fig. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the seal member a, and Fig. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of Fig. 3a. 4A and 4B are side cross-sectional views illustrating another example of use of the thrombus atheroma removal device of FIG. 1; FIG. 5A and FIG. FIG. 6 is a cutaway side view showing the tip of a tumor removal device. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the tip of a thrombus atheroma removal device according to a third embodiment. FIG. Side sectional view shown [Explanation of reference numerals]
Reference Signs List 1 catheter 2 motor 3 drive shaft 4 elastic wire 4a edge 5 thrombus plaque removing member 6 globule 7 guide wire 8 sealing member 8a supply pipe 9 branch pipe 10 connection pipe 11 bearing 12 drawing ring

Claims (9)

血管内に導入されるカテーテルの基端から挿入され、回転駆動されるフレキシブルなドライブシャフトの先端に、血管内壁の血栓または粥腫を除去する血栓粥腫除去部材を設け、この血栓粥腫除去部材を血管の長手方向に延びる複数の弾性ワイヤで形成して、これらの各弾性ワイヤが凋められて前記カテーテルに収納され、カテーテルの先端から繰り出されたときに、弾性復元力により長手方向に外向き凸状で放射状に拡がるようにした血栓粥腫除去装置。A thrombus atheroma removing member for removing a thrombus or plaque on the inner wall of a blood vessel is provided at a distal end of a flexible drive shaft inserted and rotated from the proximal end of a catheter to be introduced into a blood vessel, and the thrombus atheroma removing member is provided. Is formed by a plurality of elastic wires extending in the longitudinal direction of the blood vessel, and each of these elastic wires is lowered and stored in the catheter, and when pulled out from the distal end of the catheter, the elastic wires are moved outward in the longitudinal direction by the elastic restoring force. A thrombus atheroma removal device with a convex shape that spreads radially. 前記各弾性ワイヤに、長手方向の捩じりを付与した請求項1に記載の血栓粥腫除去装置。The thrombus atheroma removal device according to claim 1, wherein a longitudinal twist is applied to each of the elastic wires. 前記各弾性ワイヤの断面に、鋭角のエッジ部を設けた請求項1または2に記載の血栓粥腫除去装置。The thrombus atheroma removing device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an acute-angled edge portion is provided in a cross section of each of the elastic wires. 前記各弾性ワイヤの周りに、前記弾性ワイヤの放射状の拡がり量を調整する絞りリングをスライド可能に嵌め込んだ請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載の血栓粥腫除去装置。The thrombus atheroma removal device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a squeezing ring for adjusting a radial spread amount of the elastic wire is slidably fitted around each of the elastic wires. 前記カテーテルの先端近傍の外周に、前記血管内壁との隙間をシールするシール部材を設けた請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載の血栓粥腫除去装置。The thrombus atheroma removal device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a seal member that seals a gap with the inner wall of the blood vessel is provided on an outer periphery near a distal end of the catheter. 前記シール部材を、中空で内圧により膨縮可能なものとした請求項5に記載の血栓粥腫除去装置。The thrombus atheroma removal device according to claim 5, wherein the seal member is hollow and can be expanded and contracted by internal pressure. 前記カテーテルの先端出口部の内径側に軸受を設けた請求項1乃至6のいずれかに記載の血栓粥腫除去装置。The thrombus atheroma removal device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a bearing is provided on an inner diameter side of a distal end portion of the catheter. 前記カテーテルの基端側に分岐管を設けた請求項1乃至7のいずれかに記載の血栓粥腫除去装置。The thrombus atheroma removal device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a branch tube is provided on a proximal end side of the catheter. 前記ドライブシャフトを、前記カテーテルの基端側から前記血栓粥腫除去部材を設けたまま抜き取り可能とした請求項1乃至8のいずれかに記載の血栓粥腫除去装置。The thrombus atheroma removal device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the drive shaft can be withdrawn from the proximal end side of the catheter while the thrombus atheroma removal member is provided.
JP2003161706A 2003-06-06 2003-06-06 Thrombus/atheroma removal device Pending JP2004358021A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008183407A (en) * 2007-01-30 2008-08-14 Alcon Inc Membrane scraper
JP2008206702A (en) * 2007-02-26 2008-09-11 Nipro Corp Catheter balloon
CN115462845A (en) * 2021-06-10 2022-12-13 微创投资控股有限公司 Plugging device for perforation of ventricular septum and treatment system

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0488919U (en) * 1990-02-14 1992-08-03
JPH0698939A (en) * 1992-09-18 1994-04-12 Nippon Shiruko Tex Kk Implement for preventing coronary occluslon after pcta
JPH09154949A (en) * 1995-11-27 1997-06-17 Med Inst Inc Medical insertion device
JPH10151136A (en) * 1996-07-25 1998-06-09 Target Therapeutics Inc Mechanical blood clot treatment device
JP2000126303A (en) * 1998-10-26 2000-05-09 Asahi Intecc Co Ltd Multifunctional wire for vascular treatment

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0488919U (en) * 1990-02-14 1992-08-03
JPH0698939A (en) * 1992-09-18 1994-04-12 Nippon Shiruko Tex Kk Implement for preventing coronary occluslon after pcta
JPH09154949A (en) * 1995-11-27 1997-06-17 Med Inst Inc Medical insertion device
JPH10151136A (en) * 1996-07-25 1998-06-09 Target Therapeutics Inc Mechanical blood clot treatment device
JP2000126303A (en) * 1998-10-26 2000-05-09 Asahi Intecc Co Ltd Multifunctional wire for vascular treatment

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008183407A (en) * 2007-01-30 2008-08-14 Alcon Inc Membrane scraper
JP2008206702A (en) * 2007-02-26 2008-09-11 Nipro Corp Catheter balloon
CN115462845A (en) * 2021-06-10 2022-12-13 微创投资控股有限公司 Plugging device for perforation of ventricular septum and treatment system

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