JP2004287013A - Automatic accompaniment device and program - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To attain automatic accompaniment having natural hearing by preventing the mixture of unnatural musical sounds at the time of reproducing automatic accompaniment data prepared by using an accompaniment style. <P>SOLUTION: The automatic accompaniment data of various main sections are added to the body part (melody data of TR1) of music data, an introduction section IntroA is added to the front of the body part, an ending section EndingB is added to the rear of the body part, and whether note data (note data of TR2) other than melody data exist in sections connected to the front/rear of the body part or not is judged. When note data exist in the section, accompaniment data components having scale elements in the introduction section IntroA added to the section are substantially invalidated. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an automatic accompaniment apparatus and a program for adding automatic accompaniment data to music data, and more particularly to an apparatus that can easily create automatic accompaniment data.
[0002]
[Prior art]
[Patent Document 1] JP-A-4-240893
[Patent Document 2] JP-A-11-126076
[Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-243295
[0003]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-163,199 discloses that in a performance device having an automatic accompaniment function such as a sequencer, when creating automatic accompaniment data corresponding to performance data of a melody of a certain music, a plurality of intro sections, main sections, ending sections, etc. By using the accompaniment style data consisting of the accompaniment section data of the first section, the intro section is placed before the start measure number of the main section, and the ending section is placed after the end measure number of the main section, so that one song is automatically recorded. It is disclosed to create accompaniment data.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-163873 analyzes music performance data and automatically generates a chord (chord) progression sequence corresponding to the performance data and each section array of the corresponding accompaniment style data. There is disclosed a technique in which an intro section is automatically added before the ending section, and an ending section is automatically added after the performance data.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The automatic accompaniment data of the intro section and the ending section is created to correspond to some chord progression, and usually includes a phrase part or a chord progression including musical scale elements. In other words, it is desirable that the sound is reproduced without a musical tone (scale element) other than the intro section or the ending accompaniment sound. However, if there is some other note data (data having a scale element) overlapping the place where the accompaniment section data such as the intro section to the ending section is arranged, the intro section along with the performance sound based on the other note data is used. However, an accompaniment sound such as an ending section is reproduced, giving a sense of incongruity to the user, that is, making the reproduced sound musically unnatural.
In view of such an inconvenience, the intro section or the ending section may be replaced with accompaniment data consisting of, for example, only a rhythm part, or an arbitrary accompaniment part in the intro section or the ending section (such as the above musical phrase) may be muted. There is a technique that can avoid the above-mentioned inconvenience by setting, but in that case, the user himself must be familiar with the setting state of the automatic accompaniment data, and it is not easy to appropriately perform the setting.
Patent Document 3 discloses an electronic musical instrument that controls the volume of an automatic accompaniment sound to be reduced during the reproduction of a melody performance sound in response to a user's manual performance operation. Even if other note data is present together with the ending section, even if the volume of the intro or ending accompaniment sound is controlled to be reduced, the above disadvantage cannot be solved.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and it is possible to realize natural auditory automatic accompaniment by preventing musically unnatural musical sounds from being mixed when reproducing automatic accompaniment data created using an accompaniment style. It is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic accompaniment device and a program.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention is a program executed by a computer to add automatic accompaniment data to music data. The program adds one or a plurality of sections of automatic accompaniment data to a main body of the music data. Adding the automatic accompaniment data of the additional section corresponding to the section connected before and / or after, and whether note data exists in the section of the music data connected before and / or after the main unit. And, if it is determined that note data is present in the section, a step of substantially invalidating the accompaniment data component having a scale element in the additional section added to the section. It is a program.
[0007]
It is determined whether or not note data is present in the section of the music data that is connected before and / or after the main unit. If it is determined that note data is present in the section, the additional data to be added to the section is determined. Of the musical accompaniment data component having a scale element in the use section. For example, when it is determined that note data is present in the section, by substantially disabling accompaniment data components other than the rhythm part in the additional section, the playback sound of the note data present in the section, It is possible to prevent the musical accompaniment sound based on the accompaniment data component having the musical scale element in the additional section from being unnaturally mixed, and to obtain an auditory / musically natural reproduced sound.
[0008]
Further, the present invention can be implemented not only in the form of a program of a computer or a processor such as a DSP, but also as an invention of a device.
[0009]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a hardware configuration of an automatic accompaniment apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention. This automatic accompaniment device is a device having an automatic accompaniment function such as a sequencer, for example, and is provided to the CPU 1 via the bus 1B, the ROM 2, the RAM 3, the external storage device 4, and the communication interface (communication I / F) 5. , An input operation unit 6, a display unit 7, a sound source 8, and the like. The CPU 1 executes various programs in a memory such as the ROM 2 and the RAM 3 to control the overall operation of the automatic accompaniment device. The automatic accompaniment apparatus according to this embodiment includes a step of analyzing performance data such as a given melody under the control of the CPU 1 and adding an additional section such as an intro section and an ending section to the main body of the music. Automatic accompaniment data creation processing can be performed. A display screen connected to the display unit 7 displays a processing screen in the automatic accompaniment data creation processing and the like, and the user inputs an instruction to input various settings and the like using the input operation unit 6 such as a mouse and a keyboard according to the screen display. I can do it. Further, the automatic accompaniment device can be connected to an appropriate external device 11 such as another computer or an electronic musical instrument via the communication I / F 5.
[0010]
The CPU 1 performs automatic performance processing based on music data to be reproduced (automatic performance data), whereby performance data indicating a musical sound to be reproduced is given to the sound source 8 via the bus 1B. The sound source 8 generates a tone signal composed of a pitch, a tone, a volume, and the like according to the given performance data. As a sound source method of the sound source 8, any conventionally known method such as a waveform memory reading method and an FM method may be used. Further, the sound source 8 may be constituted by a hardware sound source board or may be constituted by a software sound source program. The tone signal generated by the sound source 8 is generated by a sound system 10 including an amplifier and a speaker after digital / analog conversion.
[0011]
In this embodiment, the format of the performance data may be the same as the format of the known automatic performance sequence data composed of the MIDI standard or a simplified version of the MIDI standard, etc. "Event + relative time", expressed as time from the event, "Event + absolute time", expressed as the occurrence time of the performance event in absolute time within the song or bar, pitch and length of notes, or rest and rest A "pitch (rest) + note length" representing performance data in note length, a memory area is secured for each minimum resolution of performance, and performance events are stored in the memory area corresponding to the time when the performance event occurs. Any format such as "solid system" may be used.
[0012]
The music data used by the automatic accompaniment device includes performance data (melody data) corresponding to the melody part of the music, other performance data, chord data (chord information) corresponding to the melody data, and automatic accompaniment. Accompaniment style data used for generating data is included. The accompaniment style data is pattern data for generating accompaniment data according to various accompaniment styles such as rock and pop. The music data and various programs can be stored in a memory such as the ROM 2, the RAM 3 or the external storage device 4, or obtained from an external device 11 such as another computer via the communication I / F 5. Alternatively, automatic performance data and various programs may be obtained from an external server device or the like by connecting to a communication network such as the Internet via the communication I / F 5. The external storage device 4 includes a hard disk, a floppy (registered trademark) disk or a flexible disk (registered trademark), a compact disk (CD-ROM, CD-RAM), a magneto-optical disk (MO), a ZIP disk, a DVD (Digital). Versatile Disk, semiconductor memory, or any other suitable external storage medium may be used.
[0013]
FIGS. 2A and 2B are conceptual diagrams showing an example of the configuration of accompaniment style data. As shown in FIG. 2A, one piece of accompaniment style data is roughly divided into a header section 20 and a section section 21. The header section 20 includes an accompaniment style name (for example, a name of a corresponding performance style such as rock, pop, etc.) of the accompaniment style data, time signature information, tempo information, and the like. The section section 21 includes a plurality of section data such as a main section, an intro section, an ending section, and a fill-in section. The main section is an accompaniment pattern corresponding to the melody body of the music. The intro section is an accompaniment pattern to be performed in the introduction section of the music. The ending section is an accompaniment pattern to be played at the end of the music. The fill-in section is an accompaniment pattern used for fill-in performance.
As shown in (b), the section data 22 for each accompaniment pattern includes the name of the section (main, intro, ending, etc.), the number of measures for one cycle of the section, setting information of the accompaniment part, and the like. It consists of various setting information and accompaniment pattern data. The accompaniment pattern data of each section includes an accompaniment data component having a scale element which is a basis of the accompaniment part performance sound, and generates an accompaniment sound according to a designated chord progression. As is known, each accompaniment pattern data includes a plurality of accompaniment parts such as a drum part (rhythm part), a bass part, a chord backing part, and a phrase part. The phrase part is composed of accompaniment data components of musical scale elements, and corresponds to, for example, an accompaniment pattern (for example, several tone patterns) that realizes a decorative melody generally called “side dish”. In this embodiment, in the section data muting control described later, the accompaniment part other than the drum part is muted, thereby substantially invalidating the accompaniment data component having musical elements in the section.
[0014]
By automatically arranging the respective section data constituting the accompaniment style data, automatic accompaniment data for one music piece is formed.
FIGS. 3A and 3B are diagrams schematically illustrating an example of each section arrangement of accompaniment style data according to a melody part of certain music data. Each of the reproduction tracks TR1 to TR3 is a track set as a reproduction track by the user. Each of the reproduction tracks TR1 to TR3 further includes a plurality of tracks, but illustration and description thereof are omitted.
As shown in FIG. 3A, melody data is stored in the track TR1, and in the illustrated example, the melody data is arranged between the fifth bar and the fourteenth bar. The melody data is a portion corresponding to the music body of the music data. The track TR2 stores note data of the music data other than the melody data (song main body). This note data is stored in the third to fourth measures before the melody data start measure number (intro section). It is located between them. Hereinafter, this is referred to as “other note data”. "Other note data" is data of a note string other than the music body in the music data.
[0015]
Accompaniment style data is arranged on the track TR3. Various main sections and fill-in sections are arranged corresponding to the melody data of TR1, and before and after the melody data, an intro section IntroA and an ending section EndingB are arranged. In the section in which the melody data is arranged, a plurality of sections (in the example of the figure, a main section MainA, a fill-in section FillInAA, a main section) in accordance with the musical delimiter bar number of the melody data (see the above-mentioned related art document 2). MainB and fill-in section FillInAB) are appropriately arranged. The number of measures for one cycle in which the intro section IntroA and the ending section EndingB are played is 2 measures in the illustrated example, and the intro section IntroA is arranged between the third measure and the fourth measure before the main section. The ending section EndingB is arranged between the fifteenth and sixteenth measures at the end of the main section. Each section has a plurality of types of variations, and the variations are distinguished by reference numerals A and B in the specification and drawings. The fill-in section includes, for example, an AA type for connecting sections of variation type A and an AB type for connecting sections of variation type A and type B.
[0016]
As shown in the figure, the section in which the intro section IntroA is arranged (between the third and fourth measures) overlaps with the “other note data” arrangement section stored in TR2. According to this embodiment, if the section in which the intro section IntroA is arranged and the section in which "other note data" are arranged overlap, an accompaniment part other than the drum part in the intro section IntroA (the phrase part etc.) ) Is muted so that only the drum part of the intro section IntroA is played back, thereby effectively disabling the accompaniment part having the scale element in the intro section IntroA, and the other note data (TR2) in the music data. ) And the note sequence generated from the intro section IntroA are not mixed, and an auditory and musically natural accompaniment sound can be obtained.
[0017]
FIG. 3B shows an example in which another note data arrangement section of TR2 extends over three measures. Since the number of measures for one cycle of the intro section IntroA is two measures, the range in which other note data of TR2 is arranged cannot be covered. In such a case, control is performed to replace the intro section IntroA with another substitute section. In the illustrated example, a combination of a main section MainA section for two measures and a fill-in section FillInAA is used as a substitute section. By performing mute control on the accompaniment parts other than the drum part in such a substitute section, it is possible to cope with a case where the other note data (TR2) arrangement section in the music data cannot be covered by the intro section IntroA.
As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the first bar at the beginning of each track is secured as a setup area.
[0018]
An example of the operation of the automatic accompaniment device according to this embodiment will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. In step S1, the user selects various accompaniment styles to be used, selection / setting of music data (automatic performance data) to be processed, selection of a reproduction track, selection of a melody track, and the like in accordance with the display on the display 9. I do. In step S2, using the selected accompaniment style data, a section string, which is an automatic accompaniment pattern, is automatically added to the selected music body (the melody data arrangement section in FIG. 3A) of the selected music data. At the same time, an intro section and an ending section are added before and after the melody data arrangement section. Thereby, the automatic accompaniment data (section row) for one music as shown in the track TR3 of FIG. 3A is obtained. The arrangement of the section data may be given to the music data in advance, or may be input and set by the user while referring to the display.
[0019]
In step S3, the start measure number of the melody data arrangement section and the end measure number of the melody data arrangement section are respectively detected, and the detected start measure number (fifth measure in FIG. 3) is set as the melody part start measure number StartM. The detected end bar number (the 14th bar in FIG. 3) is stored as the melody part end bar number EndM. Accordingly, the bar number immediately before the melody part start bar number StartM corresponds to the end bar number of the intro section, and the bar number next (one after) to the melody part end bar number EndM is the start of the ending section. Corresponds to the measure number.
In step S4, the melody part start measure number StartM detected in step S3 is stored in NoteStartM indicating the note data start measure number, and the melody part end measure number EndM is stored in NoteEndM indicating the note data end measure number. Then, in step S5, the measure number (third measure of TR2 in FIG. 3) of the note data that appears first on the reproduction target track (TR2) having the musical sound data other than the melody track (TR1) is stored as NoteStartM. I do. Similarly, the bar number of the note data that appears last in the reproduction target track other than the melody track TR1 is stored as NoteEndM.
[0020]
In step S6, the melody part start measure number StartM is compared with the measure number NoteStartM stored in step S5, and notes other than the melody are placed before the melody data start measure number (that is, in the section where the intro section is arranged). It is determined whether data exists. If StartM is equal to or less than NoteStartM, it is determined that there is no other note data before the start of the melody part, and the process branches to YES, and proceeds to step S11. If StartM is larger than NoteStartM, it is determined that other note data exists before the start of the melody part, and the flow branches to NO, and the process proceeds to step S7. In the example of FIG. 3A, since StartM is the fifth measure and NoteStartM is the third measure, the process branches to NO and proceeds to step S7.
[0021]
In step S7, the number of measures for one cycle of the intro section (two measures in the example of FIG. 3) is compared with the subtraction value of StartM and NoteStartM. Since the subtraction value of StartM and NoteStartM corresponds to the range from the starting measure number of the note data other than the melody data to the starting measure number of the melody body, the number of measures for one cycle of the intro section and the subtracted value are calculated. By performing the comparison, it can be determined whether or not another note data arrangement range can be covered by the intro section data. In FIG. 3A, the arrangement range of the note data is two measures, so that “the number of measures for one cycle of the intro section = the subtraction value”. Therefore, the process branches to YES and proceeds to step S8. In step S8, of the accompaniment parts of the intro section, parts other than the drum part (rhythm part) are muted so that only the drum part is reproduced from the intro section.
[0022]
On the other hand, in the example of FIG. 3B, the other note data arrangement range (measure 5 to measure 2) is equivalent to three measures, so that “the number of measures for one cycle of the intro section <the subtraction value” It is. Therefore, step S7 branches to NO and the process proceeds to step S9.
In step S9, a process of determining a substitute section that can cover another note data arrangement range is performed. The determination of the substitute section may be input and set by the user himself while referring to the display, or may be automatically determined according to a predetermined algorithm. The substitute section is data in which the number of measures is adapted to another note data arrangement range by, for example, combining the main section and the fill-in section singly or appropriately. When the user makes an input, a predetermined substitute section setting screen is displayed on the display 9, and the accompaniment style selection and the substitute section setting may be performed according to a display format such as a drop-down list or a list display. Only one substitute section may be selectable, or a plurality of substitute sections may be appropriately combined. Further, various items such as setting of the use ratio of the section to be combined and setting of the data use portion (for example, using the latter half of the section) in the section may be variable. When the substitute section is automatically determined, for example, the main section name (main section MainA in FIG. 3) that is first arranged in the music body (melody part corresponding range) is detected, and the main section MainA and the main section are detected. A fill-in section (Fill-in section FillInAA) to be connected to the section MainA is created. Then, both may be combined into a substitute section. FIG. 3B shows an example in which a main section MainA for two measures and a fill-in section FillInAA are combined. Note that the substitute section may be set by default.
[0023]
In step S10, the intro section added in step S2 is deleted and replaced with the substitute section determined in step S9. The substitute section is arranged in a section immediately before the melody part start measure number StartM, with the measure number NoteStartM stored in step S5 as a start measure number. The accompaniment part of this substitute section is also muted except for the drum part, similarly to the mute control for the intro section in step S8.
[0024]
As shown in steps S11 to S15, by performing substantially the same processing as that performed on the intro section in steps S6 to S10 for the ending section, the mute control and the replacement processing with the substitute section are performed. I can do it. That is, the melody part end bar number EndM is compared with the bar number NoteEndM stored in the step S5, and if EndM <measure number NoteEndM (NO in step S11), the melody part end bar number and thereafter (that is, the ending section is changed). It is determined that note data other than the melody exists in the section where the melody is located, and the number of measures for one cycle of the ending section is compared with the subtraction value of EndM and NoteEndM in step S12. If the ending section can be used (YES in step S12), parts other than the drum part are muted so that only the drum part is reproduced as an accompaniment sound of the ending section (step S13).
On the other hand, if “the number of measures in one cycle of the end section <the subtraction value” (NO in step S12), the same substitute section determination processing as described above is performed, and the substitute section for which the ending section has been determined is determined. Replace. Since there is no subsequent section in the substitute section of the ending section, it is not necessary to add a fill-in section unlike the substitute section of the intro section.
[0025]
In the above-described embodiment, the control object of the section data mute control is described as muting the accompaniment part other than the drum part. However, the control for substantially disabling the accompaniment data component having the musical scale element in the section is performed. And it is not necessary to mute all the accompaniment parts other than the drum part. For example, if a certain accompaniment part contains audio data such as a human voice, this accompaniment part may be reproduced like a drum part.
[0026]
In the above embodiment, the intro section and the ending section have been described. However, other sections such as a fill-in section may be used. The section to be targeted may be set by the user.
[0027]
In the above embodiment, the melody data and the note data other than the melody are stored in separate tracks (TR1 and TR2). However, the melody data and the note data may be stored in the same track. In this case, the range setting of the melody part (that is, the designation of the melody part start measure number StartM and the melody part end measure number EndM) may be performed by the user.
Further, in the above-described embodiment, the presence / absence of note data to be reproduced other than the melody data (that is, a track that is not muted) is determined (for example, the bar number of the note data is determined in steps S4 and S5). At this time, from the note data (data including pitch information) which is the object of the presence / absence determination, note data whose timbre is a rhythm timbre, that is, note data for generating a rhythm sound is determined. It may be excluded from the target. This is because, if it is a rhythm sound, even if it is reproduced together with note data in a section such as an intro / ending section, the reproduced sound does not become musically unnatural. Also, note data in a track that is not to be reproduced (muted) may be added to the determination target.
[0028]
Further, in the above-described embodiment, the method of automatically adding the main section, the intro section, and the ending section using the accompaniment style data (Auto Arranger (registered trademark) method) has been described. The present invention can be applied to the case of setting.
Further, in the above-described example, the section in which the "other note data" other than the music body section in the music is arranged and the section in which the accompaniment section (intro section, etc.) is arranged are processing targets. It is also possible to perform processing so that only measures and beats in which "other note data" exists are not reproduced.
[0029]
The configuration of the accompaniment pattern may be such that the data of each accompaniment part is divided and stored in a plurality of tracks, or may be mixed in one track.
[0030]
Further, in the above-described embodiment, an example has been described in which the mute setting is performed on the accompaniment part itself of the section data such as the intro section and the ending section. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and any processing such as mute setting is performed on the data itself. Instead, the output side may perform mute processing during reproduction. Further, not only muting as the processing for the accompaniment part but also processing for lowering the sound volume to an extremely small level that is inaudible can be used to implement the present invention.
[0031]
In the above-described embodiment, an example is described in which the present invention is configured as an apparatus invention. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention can be embodied in the form of a program of a computer or a processor such as a DSP.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, when note data other than the melody is present in a section connected to the front and back of the music main body, the section having the musical element of the section which is the automatic accompaniment pattern arranged in the section is provided. By substantially disabling the accompaniment data component, it is possible to prevent musically unnatural scale sounds from being mixed during the reproduction of the automatic accompaniment data, thereby enabling natural accompaniment automatic accompaniment. Moreover, there is an excellent effect that such automatic accompaniment data can be easily created.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a hardware configuration of an automatic accompaniment apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.
FIGS. 2A and 2B are diagrams showing a configuration example of accompaniment style data according to the embodiment; FIGS.
FIG. 3 is an exemplary view schematically showing an example of the arrangement of sections in the accompaniment style data according to the embodiment.
FIG. 4 is an exemplary flowchart showing an example of the operation of the automatic accompaniment device according to the embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 CPU, 2 ROM, 3 RAM, 4 external storage device, 5 communication interface (communication I / F), 6 input operation section, 7 display section, 8 sound source, 9 display, 10 sound system, 11 external equipment, 20 header section , 21 section, 22 section data

Claims (4)

A program executed by a computer to add automatic accompaniment data to music data,
A step of adding one or more sections of automatic accompaniment data to the main body of the music data, and adding an automatic accompaniment data of an additional section corresponding to a section connected before and / or after the main body;
A step of determining whether or not note data is present in the section of the music data connected before and / or after the main unit;
When it is determined that note data is present in the section, the accompaniment data component having a musical element in the additional section added to the section is substantially invalidated. The automatic accompaniment data of the additional section includes an accompaniment data component of a rhythm part, and when it is determined that note data exists in the section, the accompaniment data component other than the rhythm part is substantially invalidated. The program according to claim 1, which performs the program. When the time length of the automatic accompaniment data of the additional section is shorter than the time length of the section in which the note is present, the automatic accompaniment data of the additional section is converted into one or more sections having a time length matching the time length of the section. 3. The program according to claim 1, wherein the program is replaced with automatic accompaniment data. An automatic accompaniment device for adding automatic accompaniment data to music data,
Adding means for adding one or more sections of automatic accompaniment data to the main body of the music data, and adding automatic accompaniment data of additional sections corresponding to sections connected before and / or after the main body; ,
Determining means for determining whether note data is present in the section of the music data connected before and / or after the main unit,
Processing means for substantially invalidating accompaniment data components having musical scale elements in the additional section added to the section when the determination means determines that note data is present in the section. Accompaniment device.

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