JP2004286160A - Vehicle speed reducer - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a reduction gear of a vehicle, which can improve assembling workability, suppress an increase in cost, and facilitate the work of attaching and detaching a cooler and measuring the backlash of the reduction gear.
A cover formed at a portion of a casing (3a, 3b, 3c) accommodating a speed reducer (S) of a driving force transmission system of a vehicle and lubricating oil in a housing chamber (16) and a lower portion of the housing chamber on an outer wall of the casing. An opening 22 closed at 21 and a cooler 23 disposed at a position that cools the lubricating oil in the storage chamber 16 and does not interfere with the speed reducer are provided, and the lid 21 can be inserted into and removed from the inner wall surface of the lid 21 through the opening 22. It is characterized by being integrally attached to the.
[Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a reduction gear provided in a driving force transmission system of a vehicle, and more particularly, to a reduction gear of a vehicle including a cooler for cooling lubricating oil in a housing chamber of a casing of the reduction gear.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Vehicles, such as automobiles, transmit the driving force from the engine to the wheels via a driving force transmission system, and this driving force transmission system is provided with a disconnecting device, a transmission, a reduction gear, a differential, and the like in order. Thus, a driving force suitable for the running state of the vehicle can be transmitted to the wheels.
[0003]
The ring gear and the pinion gear, which form the reduction gear used in this driving force transmission system, are formed of a hypoid gear and are suitable for high torque transmission.However, since a large amount of heat is generated during meshing driving, the speed is reduced. Lubricating oil for lubricating and cooling is contained in the casing of the device, and the lubricating oil is cooled by an oil cooler. This oil cooler is connected to an engine cooling water circulation system, and cools the lubricating oil in the casing with cooling water as a cooling medium.
[0004]
For example, Japanese Utility Model Registration No. 2516687 (Patent Document 1) discloses a differential device which is a differential device provided with a reduction gear. The casing of the differential device stores a lubricating oil in a storage chamber, and an oil cooler for cooling the lubricating oil is disposed to face the ring gear. The accommodation space of the casing of the differential device has a small excess space, and is formed here so as to be able to be disposed so as to face the ring gear constituting the reduction gear. That is, the oil cooler here forms a main body by stacking a pair of long thin plates in an arc shape, and forms a flat curved flow passage through which engine cooling water is circulated and supplied. The oil cooler has bosses formed at both ends in the longitudinal direction, and the bosses are bolted to the inner wall of the casing.
[0005]
By the way, a differential device and a transfer device provided with a reduction gear are assembled in advance, sub-assembled, and supplied to a vehicle assembly line.
At the time of this assembling, first, a reduction gear and a differential gear are assembled in a casing, an oil cooler is assembled, and then a measuring part formed in a part of the casing at an opposing portion of a meshing portion between a ring gear and a pinion gear. The backlash of the meshing part is measured from the opening of. After the measurement and adjustment of the backlash is completed, the opening for measurement is closed with a predetermined lid, and after supplying the lubricating oil, the drain hole is also closed with the drain plug.
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Utility Model Registration No. 2516687
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, when assembling a differential device or a transfer device with a speed reducer into a sub-assembly, the speed reducer, oil cooler is assembled, the backlash of the meshing part of the speed reducer is measured, adjusted, and the opening for measurement is adjusted. Closing with a lid, closing with a drain plug of a drain hole, and assembling work with many man-hours are required, which is a factor of cost increase.
Furthermore, in addition to the meshing portion of the reduction gear, an oil cooler is disposed close to the portion facing the measurement opening, and this oil cooler interferes with the backlash measurement operation.
[0008]
Although the point that the oil cooler hinders the measurement of the backlash is not mentioned at all in the utility model document 1, the same problem may occur because the oil cooler is disposed opposite to the ring gear. Will be considered.
The present invention can reduce the number of assembling steps, improve the assembling workability, suppress the cost increase, and further simplify the work of attaching and detaching the cooler and measuring the backlash of the reduction gear based on the above-mentioned problems. It is an object of the present invention to provide a speed reduction device for a vehicle that can perform the operation.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a casing in which a reduction gear of a driving force transmission system of a vehicle and lubricating oil are accommodated in an accommodation chamber, and a lower portion of the accommodation chamber on an outer wall of the casing. An opening formed in the opposing portion and closed by a lid, and a cooler disposed at a position that cools the lubricating oil in the storage chamber and does not interfere with the speed reducer; The cooler is integrally mounted so as to be able to be taken in and out.
In this manner, by attaching and detaching the lid integrally attached to the inner wall surface with respect to the opening of the casing, the attachment and detachment of the cooler is also performed at the same time, and the work of attaching and detaching the cooler to and from the casing is simplified, and workability is improved. improves.
[0010]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle speed reducer according to the first aspect, the speed reducer has a ring gear and a pinion gear meshing with the ring gear, and the opening is formed so as to face a meshing portion between the ring gear and the pinion gear. It is characterized by being performed.
The opening is opened by removing the lid and a cooler integrated therewith, and the opening can be used as an opening for measuring backlash in the meshing portion between the ring gear and the pinion gear.
[0011]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle speed reducer according to the first aspect, the lid has a drain hole closed by a drain plug.
By attaching / detaching the lid with the cooler integrally attached to the inner wall surface with respect to the opening of the casing, the attachment / detachment of the cooler is made at the same time, and the work of attaching / detaching the cooler to / from the casing is simplified or eliminated, and the workability is improved. .
[0012]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle speed reducer according to the first aspect, the lid is provided with a connecting pipe for supplying a cooling medium from a cooling medium circulating system to a cooler mounted on an inner wall surface of the lid. It is characterized by being attached.
By attaching / detaching the lid integrally having the cooler on the inner wall and the connecting pipe on the outer wall with respect to the opening of the casing as described above, connection for supplying the cooling medium from the cooling medium circulation system to the cooler and the cooler. The pipe can be attached at the same time, and the work of attaching and detaching the cooler to and from the casing is further simplified, and the workability is further improved.
[0013]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
FIGS. 1 and 2 show a transfer 1 for a four-wheel drive vehicle incorporating a vehicle reduction gear S as an embodiment of the present invention.
The transfer 1 is disposed on a driving force transmission system for transmitting a rotational driving force from an engine (not shown) of the vehicle to the wheels, and is integrally connected to the rear output shaft 5 of the center differential 4 in the casings 3a, 3b, 3c. An outer differential case 6, an inner differential case 8 integrally connected to the front output shaft 7 of the center differential 4, a hypoid ring gear (hereinafter simply referred to as a ring gear) 9 integrated with the outer differential case 6, meshing with the outer differential case 6 to generate rotational force toward the rear wheel. A pinion gear 11 for transmitting, a front differential 13 housed in the inner differential case 8 and including a pair of the pinion gear 11 and the left and right side gears 12, and a left and right drive that is integrally connected to the left and right side gears 12 and transmits a rotational force to left and right front wheels (not shown). A shaft 14, 14, and a fluid coupling 15 disposed between the inner and outer differential cases 8, 6, the torque coupling characteristic of which increases as the rotational difference increases. In addition, the code | symbol B shows a bearing member.
[0014]
The casing of the transfer 1 includes a main casing 3a bolted to a transmission (not shown) accommodating the center differential 4, and a side casing 3b bolted on one side thereof and bolted to support the right drive shafts 14, 14. And a rear casing 3c which is bolted to the rear part.
An accommodation chamber 16 covered with the main casing 3a, the side casing 3b, and the rear casing 3c has inner and outer differential cases 8, 6, a fluid coupling 15 provided in a bulging shape on the side thereof, and an outer differential case. A ring gear 9 on the outer peripheral edge of the main casing 3 is disposed, and the inner walls of the main casing 3a and the side casing 3b are disposed opposite to each other at a predetermined interval outside these rotation trajectories.
[0015]
A driven gear 17, which is a hypoid pinion gear, is pivotally mounted in the rear casing 3c, and a gear portion of the driven gear 17 is provided so as to protrude into the storage chamber 16 and meshes with the ring gear 9 of the outer differential case 6. Here, a shim 18 is provided for adjusting the gap between the meshing portion of the ring gear 9 and the driven gear 17. By adjusting the thickness of 18, the backlash between the ring gear 9 and the driven gear 17 can be adjusted.
[0016]
An unillustrated oil supply port is opened by loosening an oil supply bolt indicated by reference numeral 19 in FIG. 2 to the accommodation chamber 16 covered with the main casing 3a and the like, and a predetermined amount of lubricating oil is supplied. In particular, in order to prevent the lubricating oil from excessively rising, a lid 21 (described later) is provided at the lower part of the housing chamber 16 outside the rotation locus of the outer differential case 6 and the ring gear 9. A supported cooler 23 is provided.
[0017]
Here, the main casings 3a, 3b, and 3c form an opening 22 (see FIGS. 4 and 5) which is normally closed by the lid 21 at a position slightly rearward of the accommodation chamber 16, that is, at a position close to the driven gear 17. The lid 21 of the opening 22 is opened with the opening 22 facing upward when the transfer 1 is assembled as a sub-assembly or when the transfer 1 as a sub-assembly is removed from the vehicle and maintenance processing is performed.
[0018]
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 8, the opening 22 of the main casing 3 a is located in the lower part of the storage chamber 16 near the meshing portion a of the ring gear 9 and the driven gear 17, and continuously with the outer differential case 6 and the ring gear 9. It is formed at a portion b facing an extra space deviating from the rotation locus. As shown in FIGS. 2, 5, and 6, the cover 21 that covers the opening 22 is formed so as to be fastened and fixed to the periphery of the opening 22 of the main casing 3a with a plurality of bolts. In addition, the cooler 23 is fixed to the wall surface f1 opposite to the storage chamber 16 on the back side of the lid 21.
[0019]
As shown in FIGS. 5, 6 (a) to (c), and FIG. 7, the cooler 23 has an outer shape that can be taken in and out of the opening 22, and a pipe bolt 24 is provided on the wall surface f <b> 1 of the lid 21 facing the storage chamber 16. A circulation flow path forming member 25 to be fastened and coupled, a front / rear cooling water supply pipe 26 connected to front and rear ends of a cooling water circulation path r inside the circulation flow path forming member 25, and an integral outside of the circulation path forming member 25. And a large number of radiation fins 27 to be joined.
[0020]
The front / rear cooling water supply pipe 26 communicates with a joint 28 (a part of the connection pipe) on the outer wall surface of the lid via an internal flow passage of the pipe bolt 24, and the joint 28 inflows and outflows the cooling water circulation system of the engine. It is connected to bypass pipes 29 and 30. Accordingly, when the circulating cooling water flows through the circulation flow path forming member 25, the cooling water exchanges heat with the lubricating oil having a high temperature in the storage chamber 16 and can be cooled.
[0021]
The cooler 23 is formed so as to be disposed in a gap in the opening 22 and a part of an extra space deviated from the rotation locus of the outer differential case 6 and the ring gear 9 inside the opening 22 when the lid 21 is fastened to the opening 22. You. In particular, as disclosed in the above-mentioned Patent Literature 1, the circulation flow path forming member 25 is formed to have a substantially rectangular outer shape without taking a curved shape so as to fill a surplus space. It is formed so that it can be diverted to the speed reducer S. As described above, the cooler 23 is formed in consideration of versatility, and in this respect, cost can be reduced.
[0022]
A drain hole 32 (see FIG. 6B) closed by a drain plug 31 is formed near one side end of the lid 21, and the drain plug 31 is also temporarily inserted into the lid 21 side similarly to the cooler 23. After being assembled, it is assembled to the main casing 3a, whereby the assembling work can be facilitated as compared with a case where the drain plug 31 is independently tightened and mounted in the main casing 3a.
[0023]
An assembling procedure of the transfer 1 including the vehicle speed reduction device S will be described.
First, outside the casings 3a, 3b, and 3c, the front differential 13 including the left and right drive shafts 14, 14, a pair of pinion gears 11, and the left and right side gears 12 is assembled. This is assembled in the outer differential case 6, and After the joint 15 is assembled, the left and right half portions 6a and 6b of the outer differential case 6 and the ring gear 9 are integrally tightened and connected by bolts. Then, the outer differential case 6 with the ring gear 9 is fitted to the main casing 3a, the side casing 3b is fitted to the right drive shaft 14 and then bolted to the main casing 3a. Thereafter, the front end of the rear casing 3c, which pivotally connects the shaft portion 171 of the driven gear 17 with the two bearing members B1 and B, is inserted and fitted into the rearward opening m of the main casing 3a, and at the same time the driven gear 17 meshes with the ring gear 9. . At this time, the rear casing 3c is bolted to the periphery of the rearward opening m of the main casing 3a.
[0024]
After this process, the opening 22 before the attachment of the lid 21 is turned upward, and this is used as a measurement hole to measure the backlash.
That is, here, it is determined whether or not the backlash, which is the meshing state of the combined driven gear 17 and ring gear 9, is at an appropriate value. At this time, as shown in FIG. 8, the cooler 23 is removed from the portion a near the meshing portion between the ring gear 9 and the driven gear 17 and the portion b facing the surplus space inside the opening 22, and the driven gear 17 and the ring gear The portion a near the meshing portion 9 is relatively open. Therefore, the operation of the backlash measurement device (not shown) is relatively easily performed, and the measurement process can be performed quickly.
[0025]
If the measurement result is not at the appropriate value, the casing 3c is removed again after the driven gear 17 is fitted, and the thickness of the shim 18 in the gap between the bearing member B1 and the driven gear 17 is adjusted. The backlash of the driven gear 17 is adjusted to an appropriate value.
[0026]
After the backlash between the driven gear 17 and the ring gear 9 is maintained at an appropriate value, the lid 21 (see FIG. 7) in which the cooler 23 and the drain plug 31 are temporarily assembled is attached to the opening 22 and bolted. At this time, since the cooler 23 is formed in advance so as to be able to enter and exit the opening 22, the cooler 23 is easily inserted into the opening 22, and does not interfere with other members in an extra space deviated from the rotation locus of the outer differential case 6 and the ring gear 9. The sub-assembly of the transfer 1 is temporarily mounted.
[0027]
After that, the transfer 1 is supplied to the engine assembly line of the vehicle, and before and after the pair of inflow and outflow bypass pipes 29 and 30 branching out from the cooling water circulation system on the engine side and protruding outside the lid 21. The cooling water is supplied to the cooler 23 by being connected to the joints 28 and 28. Further, a predetermined amount of lubricating oil is supplied to the storage chamber 16 of the transfer 1 while the oil supply bolt 19 is open.
[0028]
The transfer 1 thus assembled receives front and rear rotation driving force from the center differential 4 side by the inner and outer differential cases 8 and 6 while the vehicle travels, and regulates the front and rear rotation difference between the two differential cases 8 and 6 by the fluid coupling 15. The rotational driving force is branched and supplied back and forth. The front differential 13 having the inner differential case 8 is capable of branching and transmitting the rotational driving force to the left and right drive shafts 14, 14 while allowing a left-right rotational difference. The ring gear 9 of the outer differential case 6 is driven under appropriate backlash with the driven gear 17, and transmits a rotational driving force to the differential side after not shown.
[0029]
At this time, the meshing portion between the ring gear 9 and the driven gear 17 and other sliding parts are lubricated and cooled by the lubricating oil, whereby the temperature of the lubricating oil rises. When contacting the cooler 23, it contacts the cooler 23. Cooling water is circulating in the cooler 23 when the engine is driven, and the lubricating oil in contact with the cooler 23 exchanges heat with the cooling water to be cooled, preventing excessive temperature rise and maintaining the durability of the lubricating oil. it can.
[0030]
As described above, in the transfer 1 incorporating the speed reduction device S of the vehicle in FIG. 1, the cover 21 in which the cooler 23 is integrally attached in advance to the opening 22 of the main casing 3 a is attached and detached. The detachment of the cooler 23 alone can be eliminated, and the work of attaching and detaching the cooler 23 to and from the main casing 3a is simplified, and workability is improved.
[0031]
Furthermore, the opening 22 is opened by removing the lid 21 and the cooler 23 integrated therewith, and the opening 22 can be used as an opening for measuring the backlash of the meshing portion between the ring gear 9 and the driven gear 17, and at this time, the cooler 23 is eliminated. This facilitates the backlash measurement operation.
[0032]
Further, the cooler 23, the connecting pipe 26 extending from the cooler 23, and the lid 21 integrally attached with the joint 28 are temporarily assembled in advance, and this is attached to the opening 22 so that the cooler 23 and the connecting pipe can be simultaneously connected. Attachment and attachment / detachment work of the cooler 23 and the connection pipe to / from the casings 3a, 3b, 3c are further simplified, and transfer workability is improved.
In the above description, the reduction gear S of the vehicle is incorporated in the transfer 1, but the present invention can be similarly applied to other reduction gears, for example, a final reduction gear of a rear differential, and the same operation and effect can be obtained. Can be.
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, by attaching and detaching the lid in which the cooler is integrally attached to the inner wall surface with respect to the opening of the casing, the attachment and detachment of the cooler is simultaneously performed, and the work of attaching and detaching the cooler to and from the casing is simplified. And workability is improved.
[0034]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the opening is opened by removing the lid and the cooler integrated therewith, and the opening can be used as an opening for measuring the backlash of the meshing portion between the ring gear and the driven gear.
[0035]
According to the third aspect of the present invention, the attachment and detachment of the cooler is performed at the same time by attaching and detaching the lid integrally attached to the inner wall surface with respect to the opening of the casing, thereby simplifying or eliminating the work of attaching and detaching the cooler to and from the casing. And workability is improved.
[0036]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a cooling medium is attached to an opening of a casing by attaching and detaching a cooler on an inner wall surface and a connecting pipe integrally attached to an outer wall surface. Can be attached at the same time, the work of attaching and detaching the cooler to and from the casing is simplified, and the workability is further improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan sectional view of a transfer equipped with a vehicle speed reducer as one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view of the transfer of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a side view of a main casing of the transfer of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a plan view of a main casing of the transfer of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a plan view of a main casing with a lid used for the transfer of FIG. 1;
FIGS. 6A and 6B show a lid attached to the transfer of FIG. 1, wherein FIG. 6A is a side view, FIG. 6B is a bottom view, and FIG. 6C is a front view in an inverted state.
FIG. 7 is a side view of a lid with a cooler attached to the transfer of FIG. 1;
FIG. 8 is a cutaway perspective view of an opening portion of a main casing with a lid used for the transfer of FIG. 1;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Transfer 3a Main casing 3b Side casing 3c Rear casing 9 Ring gear (reduction gear)
16 accommodation room 17 driven gear (reduction gear)
21 lid 22 opening 23 cooler 26 connection pipe 28 joint (part of connection pipe)
31 Drain plug b Site S facing surplus space Vehicle speed reducer

Claims (4)

A casing accommodating the reduction gear of the driving force transmission system of the vehicle and the lubricating oil in the accommodation chamber, an opening formed in an outer wall of the casing at a portion facing the lower part of the accommodation chamber and closed by a lid,
A cooler disposed at a position that cools the lubricating oil in the storage chamber and does not interfere with the speed reducer,
A speed reduction device for a vehicle, wherein the lid is integrally attached to an inner wall surface of the lid so that the cooler can be taken in and out from the opening. The vehicle speed reducer according to claim 1,
The speed reduction device for a vehicle, wherein the speed reduction device has a ring gear and a pinion gear that meshes with the ring gear, and the opening is formed to face a meshing portion between the ring gear and the pinion gear. The vehicle speed reducer according to claim 1,
A speed reduction device for a vehicle, wherein the lid has a drain hole closed by a drain plug. The vehicle speed reducer according to claim 1,
A speed reduction device for a vehicle, wherein a connection pipe for supplying a cooling medium from a cooling medium circulation system to a cooler mounted on an inner wall surface of the lid is integrally mounted on an outer wall surface of the lid.

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