JP2004281214A - Apparatus and method for estimating output characteristics of fuel cell - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to more accurately estimate an output characteristic of a fuel cell that changes with aging.
A determination is made as to whether a deviation ΔI between a newly read output current I of the fuel cell and a previous output current I is equal to or greater than a threshold value Iref (S100 to S130). When the deviation ΔI is equal to or larger than the threshold value Iref, the oldest data is deleted from the stored predetermined number of (I, V) data. When the deviation ΔI is smaller than the threshold value Iref, the stored predetermined number of (I, V) data is deleted. The previously stored data is deleted from the data, and the read new output current I and inter-terminal voltage V are stored as new data (S140, S150). Then, a formula for estimating the IV characteristic of the fuel cell is obtained using the stored (I, V) data (S160 to S180). As a result, it is possible to more accurately estimate the IV characteristics of the fuel cell, which change over time.
[Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an output characteristic estimating device and an output characteristic estimating method for estimating an output characteristic of a fuel cell.
[0002]
2. Description of the Related Art
In order to operate the fuel cell efficiently and to properly operate a system (for example, a vehicle) on which the fuel cell is mounted, it is desirable that the output characteristics of the fuel cell be properly grasped and used for control. However, when a fuel cell uses a gas from a reformer that reforms hydrocarbons into a hydrogen-rich gas by a steam reforming reaction as fuel, the catalyst is poisoned by a trace gas component such as carbon monoxide. Since the output characteristics change and the output characteristics change with the lapse of time regardless of the presence or absence of the reformer, it is necessary to always more accurately estimate the output characteristics of the fuel cell.
[0003]
The output characteristic estimating device and the output characteristic estimating method of a fuel cell according to the present invention aim to more accurately estimate the output characteristic of a fuel cell that changes with aging.
[0004]
In addition, the applicant has estimated the internal resistance of the fuel cell based on the terminal voltage of the fuel cell, the output current, and a preset basic output characteristic as one of the techniques for achieving such an object. A technique for estimating the output characteristics of a fuel cell using internal resistance has been proposed (see Patent Document 1).
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems and Their Functions and Effects]
In order to more accurately estimate the output characteristics of the fuel cell of the present invention, the following means were employed in order to achieve the above object.
[0006]
The fuel cell output characteristic estimation device of the present invention
An output characteristic estimating device for estimating an output characteristic of a fuel cell,
Data detection means for detecting data for analyzing the output characteristics of the fuel cell at a predetermined timing,
Data storage means capable of storing a predetermined number of analysis data;
When the data for analysis is detected by the data detecting means, when the detected data for analysis is replaced with any one of the predetermined number of data for analysis stored in the data storage means, a predetermined number of analysis after replacement is performed. Data replacement means for replacing the detected analysis data with any one of a predetermined number of analysis data stored in the data storage means so that the data for use has a predetermined distribution,
Output characteristic estimating means for estimating the output characteristic of the fuel cell using the analysis data stored in the data storage means,
The gist is to provide
[0007]
In the output characteristic estimating device for a fuel cell according to the present invention, when the data for analysis is detected, when the data for analysis is replaced with any one of a predetermined number of data for analysis that stores the detected data for analysis, The predetermined number of analysis data is replaced with any one of the predetermined number of analysis data storing the analysis data detected to have a predetermined distribution. Then, the output characteristics of the fuel cell are estimated using the stored analysis data. That is, the output characteristic of the fuel cell is estimated using a predetermined number of analysis data stored so as to have a predetermined distribution. Therefore, if the predetermined distribution is set so as to enable more accurate estimation, it is possible to more accurately estimate the output characteristics of the fuel cell, which change over time.
[0008]
In the output characteristic estimating device for a fuel cell according to the present invention, the data replacement unit may be configured to detect the detected analysis data immediately before the detection and to set the data within a predetermined range from the analysis data stored in the data storage unit. In the case of the data, the means for replacing the detected data for analysis with the data for analysis detected immediately before may be used. That is, a predetermined distribution is maintained by preventing the analysis data within the predetermined range from being continuously converted into a predetermined number of analysis data over a plurality of pieces. Moreover, since the latest data is replaced, the output characteristics of the fuel cell can be more accurately estimated. Here, the “predetermined range” may be a range in which it is determined that the fuel cell is operating at a fixed point. In the output characteristic estimating device for a fuel cell according to the aspect of the present invention, when the detected data for analysis is data outside a predetermined range from the data for analysis detected immediately before the detection, The detected data for analysis may be replaced with the oldest data for analysis among a predetermined number of data for analysis stored in the data storage means. In this case, since newer analysis data is stored, the output characteristics of the fuel cell can be more accurately estimated.
[0009]
Further, in the output characteristic estimating device for a fuel cell according to the present invention, the data replacement means determines a division of the detected analysis data according to the output characteristic of the fuel cell, and converts the detected analysis data. It may be a means for replacing the predetermined number of analysis data stored in the data storage means with analysis data belonging to a corresponding section. In this way, the detected analysis data can be replaced with the analysis data belonging to the corresponding section. Therefore, if the classification is set so as to be suitable for estimating the output characteristics of the fuel cell, the output characteristics of the fuel cell can be estimated using new data. Can be more accurately estimated. Here, the “division according to the output characteristics of the fuel cell” is more preferably a division divided into three or more.
[0010]
In the fuel cell output characteristic estimating apparatus according to the aspect of the present invention in which the detected analysis data is replaced with the analysis data belonging to the corresponding section, the data replacement unit stores the detected analysis data in the data storage unit. It is also possible to use a means for replacing the oldest analysis data belonging to the corresponding section among the stored predetermined number of analysis data. In this case, the output characteristics of the fuel cell can be estimated from newer data.
[0011]
Further, in the output characteristic estimating apparatus for a fuel cell according to the aspect of the present invention, wherein the detected analysis data is replaced with analysis data belonging to a corresponding section, the data storage means stores the predetermined number of analysis data in the fuel cell. It is also possible to use a means for storing data in sections according to output characteristics.
[0012]
Further, in the fuel cell output characteristic estimating apparatus according to the aspect of the present invention, wherein the detected analysis data is replaced with the analysis data belonging to the corresponding section, the analysis data includes the output current of the fuel cell as one of the data. The division according to the output characteristics of the fuel cell may be a division based on the output current of the fuel cell.
[0013]
In the output characteristic estimating device for a fuel cell according to the present invention, when the data storage unit does not store the predetermined number of analysis data, the data replacement unit replaces the detected analysis data without replacing the data. The data may be stored in the data storage unit. This makes it possible to cope with a case where the stored analysis data is less than the predetermined number.
[0014]
In the output characteristic estimating device for a fuel cell according to the present invention, the output characteristic estimating means may be means for estimating the output characteristic of the fuel cell by applying a least square method to the data for analysis. .
[0015]
In the output characteristic estimating device for a fuel cell according to the present invention, the output characteristic of the fuel cell is a characteristic of a voltage between terminals of the fuel cell and an output current of the fuel cell, and the data detecting means includes the data as the analysis data. It may be a means for detecting a voltage between terminals of the fuel cell and an output current of the fuel cell.
[0016]
The output characteristic estimation method of the fuel cell according to the present invention.
A fuel cell output characteristic estimating method for estimating a fuel cell output characteristic using a predetermined number of stored analysis data,
(A) detecting data for analyzing the output characteristics of the fuel cell at a predetermined timing;
(B) when the detected analysis data is replaced with any of the stored predetermined number of analysis data, the detected analysis data is changed so that the replaced predetermined number of analysis data has a predetermined distribution. Is replaced with any one of the stored predetermined number of analysis data,
(C) The gist is to estimate the output characteristics of the fuel cell using the stored predetermined number of analysis data.
[0017]
According to the fuel cell output characteristic estimating method of the present invention, the analysis data of the fuel cell output characteristic is detected at a predetermined timing, and the analysis data of the predetermined number of analysis data storing the detected analysis data is detected. When the data is replaced with any one of the predetermined number of analysis data storing the analysis data detected so that the predetermined number of analysis data after the replacement has a predetermined distribution, the stored predetermined data is stored. Since the output characteristics of the fuel cell are estimated using the numerical analysis data, if a predetermined distribution is set so that more accurate estimation is possible, the output characteristics of the fuel cell that change with aging can be more accurately determined. Can be estimated.
[0018]
In the fuel cell output characteristic estimating method of the present invention, the step (b) is performed when the detected analysis data is data within a predetermined range from the analysis data detected and stored immediately before the detection. The detected analysis data is replaced with the analysis data detected immediately before the detection, and when the detected analysis data is data outside the predetermined range from the analysis data detected immediately before the detection, the detection is performed. It may be a step of replacing the analysis data with the oldest analysis data among the predetermined number of stored analysis data. That is, a predetermined distribution is maintained by preventing the analysis data within the predetermined range from being continuously converted into a predetermined number of analysis data over a plurality of pieces. Moreover, since the latest data is replaced, the output characteristics of the fuel cell can be more accurately estimated. Here, the “predetermined range” may be a range in which it is determined that the fuel cell is operating at a fixed point.
[0019]
In the method for estimating the output characteristics of a fuel cell according to the present invention, in the step (b), the classification of the detected data for analysis according to the output characteristics of the fuel cell is determined, and the detected data for analysis is determined by the method. It may be a step of replacing the stored analysis data with analysis data belonging to the corresponding section among the predetermined number of analysis data. In this way, the detected analysis data can be replaced with the analysis data belonging to the corresponding section. Therefore, if the classification is set so as to be suitable for estimating the output characteristics of the fuel cell, the output characteristics of the fuel cell can be estimated using new data. Can be more accurately estimated. Here, the “division according to the output characteristics of the fuel cell” is more preferably a division divided into three or more.
[0020]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described using examples. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram schematically showing the configuration of an output characteristic estimating device 20 for a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the output characteristic estimating device 20 of the fuel cell according to the embodiment is provided near an output terminal of the fuel cell 10 that supplies DC power to the load 14 via the power line 12, and , A voltage sensor 24 provided between the terminals of the fuel cell 10 and detecting the voltage V between the terminals of the fuel cell 10, and a current sensor 22 for detecting the voltage V between the terminals of the fuel cell 10 based on the output current I and the voltage V between the terminals. An electronic control unit 30 that calculates current-voltage output characteristics (hereinafter, referred to as IV characteristics) is provided.
[0021]
The electronic control unit 30 is configured as a microprocessor mainly including a CPU 32, and includes, in addition to the CPU 32, a ROM 34 for storing a processing program, a RAM 36 for temporarily storing data, and an input / output port (not shown). An output current I from the current sensor 22 and a terminal voltage V from the voltage sensor 24 are input to the electronic control unit 30 via the input port. The electronic control unit 30 can output an IV characteristic of the fuel cell 10 calculated based on a request from another device (not shown) from an output port. Here, the RAM 36 stores a predetermined number (for example, 50 or 100) of (I, V) data including the output current I and the inter-terminal voltage V as analysis data for analyzing the IV characteristics of the fuel cell 10. And so on) are set.
[0022]
In the output characteristic estimating apparatus 20 for a fuel cell according to the embodiment, as the fuel cell 10, a single cell including an electrolyte membrane and an anode electrode and a cathode electrode sandwiching the electrolyte membrane is provided with a plurality of cells together with a separator forming a partition between cells. A solid polymer fuel cell was used, which was formed by lamination and generated power by an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen gas supplied to an anode electrode and air supplied to a cathode electrode through a gas flow path formed in a separator.
[0023]
Next, an operation of the fuel cell output characteristic estimating apparatus 20 of the embodiment configured as described above will be described. FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the output characteristic estimating process executed by the electronic control unit 30. This process is repeatedly executed at predetermined time intervals (for example, at every 50 msec).
[0024]
When the output characteristic estimating process is executed, the CPU 32 of the electronic control unit 30 first reads the output current I from the current sensor 22 and the terminal voltage V from the voltage sensor 24 (step S100), and outputs the previous output. A process for reading the current I is executed (step S110). Then, a deviation ΔI is calculated as an absolute value of a difference between the read output current I and the previous output current I (step S120), and the calculated deviation ΔI is compared with a threshold value Iref (step S130). Here, the threshold value Iref is set to determine that the fuel cell 10 is operating at a fixed point. The output characteristic of the fuel cell 10, the transient response of the fuel cell 10, and the repetition of this output characteristic estimation process It can be determined by the execution interval and the like.
[0025]
When the deviation ΔI is equal to or larger than the threshold value Iref, it is determined that the fuel cell 10 is not operating at the fixed point, and the oldest data is deleted from a predetermined number of (I, V) data stored in the analysis data storage area of the RAM 36. The read output current I and the inter-terminal voltage V are stored as new (I, V) data (step S140). On the other hand, when the deviation ΔI is less than the threshold value Iref, it is determined that the fuel cell 10 is operating at a fixed point, and the predetermined number of (I, V) data stored in the analysis data storage area of the RAM 36 is stored last time. The output current I and the inter-terminal voltage V that have been read out after deleting the data are stored as new (I, V) data (step S150). That is, when it is determined that the fuel cell 10 is not operating at the fixed point, the oldest data is replaced with new data, and when it is determined that the fuel cell 10 is operating at the fixed point, the data stored immediately before is replaced with the new data. It is exchanged.
[0026]
Then, a common logarithm for each output current I of each (I, V) data stored in the analysis data storage area of the RAM 36 is calculated (step S160), and the IV characteristic shown in the following equation (1) is estimated. The coefficients E0, X1, and X2 are calculated using the least squares method by substituting each (I, V) data and the corresponding common logarithm of the output current I into the basic equation (step S170), and the coefficients obtained by the calculation are calculated. By substituting E0, X1, and X2 into the basic expression for estimating the IV characteristic of Expression (1), and as an estimation expression of the IV characteristic (Step S180), the process ends. Equation (1) is described in “J. Electrochem. Soc., Vol. 142, No. 8, August 1995”, p. Those proposed in Junbom Kim et al. The calculation of the coefficients E0, X1, X2 by the least squares method is well known, and the description is omitted.
[0027]
(Equation 1)
V = E0−X1 · Log ₁₀ (I) −X2 · I (1)
[0028]
According to the fuel cell output characteristic estimating apparatus 20 of the embodiment described above, when the fuel cell 10 is operating at a fixed point, the data stored immediately before is replaced with new data and the analysis data for calculating the IV characteristic estimation formula is calculated. Therefore, an appropriate distribution of the analysis data can be secured, and thereby, a more accurate equation for estimating the IV characteristics of the fuel cell 10 can be obtained. As a result, the IV characteristics of the fuel cell 10 can be more accurately estimated. In addition, when it is determined that the fuel cell 10 is not operated at the fixed point, the oldest data is replaced with new data and used as analysis data for calculating an estimation formula of the IV characteristic. The characteristic estimation formula can be obtained more accurately. As a result, it is possible to more accurately estimate the IV characteristics of the fuel cell 10 that change with use over time.
[0029]
In the fuel cell output characteristic estimating apparatus 20 of the embodiment, the output characteristic processing illustrated in FIG. 2 has been described assuming that a predetermined number of analysis data is stored in the analysis data storage area of the RAM 36. When a predetermined number of analysis data is not stored in the analysis data storage area, the output current I and the inter-terminal voltage V detected by the current sensor 22 or the voltage sensor 24 at predetermined time intervals until the predetermined number is reached. The analysis data is stored in the analysis data storage area of the RAM 36.
[0030]
Next, a description will be given of a fuel cell output characteristic estimating apparatus 20B as a second embodiment of the present invention. The output characteristic estimating device 20B of the fuel cell of the second embodiment has the same hardware configuration as the output characteristic estimating device 20 of the fuel cell of the first embodiment illustrated in FIG. In the following description of the fuel cell output characteristic estimating apparatus 20B of the second embodiment, description will be made using the reference numerals used in the hardware configuration of the fuel cell output characteristic estimating apparatus 20 of the first embodiment. Also, symbols other than the hardware configuration have the same meaning unless otherwise specified.
[0031]
The electronic control unit 30 of the output characteristic estimating device 20B of the fuel cell according to the second embodiment executes an output characteristic estimating process illustrated in FIG. 3 instead of the output characteristic estimating process of FIG. This process is also repeatedly executed at predetermined time intervals (for example, at every 50 msec).
[0032]
When the output characteristic estimation process is executed, the CPU 32 of the electronic control unit 30 first reads the output current I from the current sensor 22 and the terminal voltage V from the voltage sensor 24 (Step S200), and reads the read output. The category of the current I is determined (step S210). FIG. 4 shows an example of the division of the output current I. In the example of FIG. 4, the entire range of the output current I in the IV characteristic of the fuel cell 10 is divided into approximately three equal parts, and the divisions A, B, and C are set. Therefore, the determination of the division of the output current I can be made based on which of the divisions the read output current I belongs to.
[0033]
When the division of the output current I is determined in this manner, the oldest data among the (I, V) data stored in the determined division area of the analysis data storage area of the RAM 36 is deleted and read. The current I and the inter-terminal voltage V are stored as new (I, V) data (step S220). Here, in the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, an analysis data storage area is provided for each section, and a predetermined number of (I, V) data is stored for each section. ing.
[0034]
Then, the common logarithm for each output current I of each (I, V) data stored in the analysis data storage area of each section of the RAM 36 is calculated (step S230), and is expressed by the above equation (1). By substituting each (I, V) data and the corresponding logarithm of the output current I into the basic formula for estimating the IV characteristic, the coefficients X1 and X2 are calculated using the least squares method (step S240), and are obtained by the calculation. The coefficients X1 and X2 thus obtained are substituted into the basic expression for estimating the IV characteristic of Expression (1) to obtain an IV characteristic estimation expression (Step S250), and this processing ends.
[0035]
According to the fuel cell output characteristic estimating apparatus 20B of the second embodiment described above, the division of the read output current I is determined, the analysis data belonging to the division is replaced with new data, and the IV characteristic estimation formula is calculated. Since the analysis data is used as the analysis data to be calculated, an appropriate distribution of the analysis data can be secured, and thereby, a more accurate equation for estimating the IV characteristics of the fuel cell 10 can be obtained. As a result, the IV characteristics of the fuel cell 10 can be more accurately estimated. In addition, since the oldest data among the data belonging to the section is replaced with new data and used as the analysis data for calculating the IV characteristic estimation formula, the IV characteristic estimation formula of the fuel cell 10 that changes over time can be more accurately calculated. You can ask. As a result, it is possible to more accurately estimate the IV characteristics of the fuel cell 10 that change with use over time.
[0036]
In the output characteristic estimating device 20B of the fuel cell according to the second embodiment, the entire range of the output current I in the IV characteristic of the fuel cell 10 is divided into approximately three equal parts, and three divisions A, B, and C are set. However, the number of sections is not limited to three, and four or more sections may be set.
[0037]
In the output characteristic estimating device 20B for the fuel cell of the second embodiment, the division is set based on the output current I in the IV characteristic of the fuel cell 10, but the division is set based on the terminal voltage V in the IV characteristic of the fuel cell 10. It may be set. Even in this case, the number of sections may be any number of three or more. When the division is set based on the inter-terminal voltage V and the output characteristic estimation process of FIG. 3 is applied, the division is performed based on the inter-terminal voltage V read instead of the determination of the division based on the output current I read in step S210. May be determined.
[0038]
In the output characteristic estimating device 20B of the fuel cell of the second embodiment, the analysis data storage area of the RAM 36 is divided for each section, but may not be divided for each section.
[0039]
In the above, the processing (output characteristic estimation processing) for obtaining the estimation formula of the IV characteristic of the fuel cell 10 in the output characteristic estimating devices 20 and 20B of the fuel cell shown in FIG. 1 has been described with reference to FIG. 2 and FIG. Each of these two output characteristic estimation processes may operate independently, or may operate in combination of the two processes.
[0040]
In the output characteristic estimating devices 20 and 20B of the fuel cell of the embodiment, the estimation formula of the IV characteristic of the fuel cell 10 is obtained every time the output characteristic estimating process is executed. (Steps S100 to S150 in FIG. 2 and steps S200 to S220 in FIG. 3) and a process for obtaining an IV characteristic estimation formula (steps S160 to S180 in FIG. 2). 3 and the processing of steps S230 to S250 in FIG. 3) may be executed at different timings.
[0041]
In the fuel cell output characteristic estimating apparatuses 20 and 20B of the embodiment, the estimation formula of the IV characteristic of the fuel cell 10 is obtained. However, the coefficients X1 and X2 of the estimation formula of the IV characteristic of the fuel cell 10 are simply calculated. Alternatively, the formula for estimating the IV characteristic of the fuel cell 10 may not be obtained.
[0042]
In the fuel cell output characteristic estimating devices 20 and 20B of the embodiment, the expression (1) described above is used as the basic expression for estimating the IV characteristic of the fuel cell 10, but the expression is estimated using the least squares method. As long as it is a formula, a formula other than formula (1) may be used as the basic formula.
[0043]
In the fuel cell output characteristic estimating apparatus 20 of the embodiment, a polymer electrolyte fuel cell is used as the fuel cell 10, but another fuel cell, for example, a phosphoric acid fuel cell may be used. .
[0044]
In the embodiment, the output characteristic estimating device 20 of the fuel cell has been described as one embodiment of the present invention. However, a method of estimating the output characteristic of the fuel cell may be used.
[0045]
As described above, the embodiments of the present invention have been described using the examples. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples, and may be implemented in various forms without departing from the gist of the present invention. Obviously you can get it.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram schematically showing the configuration of a fuel cell output characteristic estimation device 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating an example of an output characteristic estimating process executed by an electronic control unit 30.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an example of an output characteristic estimating process executed by a fuel cell output characteristic estimating apparatus 20B according to a second embodiment.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a division of an output current I;
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of an analysis data storage area of a RAM according to a second embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
Reference Signs List 10 fuel cell, 12 power line, 14 load, 20, 20B fuel cell output characteristic estimation device, 22 current sensor, 24 voltage sensor, 30 electronic control unit, 32 CPU, 34 ROM, 36 RAM.

Claims (15)

An output characteristic estimating device for estimating an output characteristic of a fuel cell,
Data detection means for detecting data for analyzing the output characteristics of the fuel cell at a predetermined timing,
Data storage means capable of storing a predetermined number of analysis data;
When the data for analysis is detected by the data detecting means, when the detected data for analysis is replaced with any one of the predetermined number of data for analysis stored in the data storage means, a predetermined number of analysis after replacement is performed. Data replacement means for replacing the detected analysis data with any one of a predetermined number of analysis data stored in the data storage means so that the data for use has a predetermined distribution,
Output characteristic estimating means for estimating the output characteristic of the fuel cell using the analysis data stored in the data storage means,
An output characteristic estimating device for a fuel cell comprising: The data replacement means, when the detected analysis data is detected immediately before the detection and is within a predetermined range from the analysis data stored in the data storage means, the detected analysis data is 2. The output characteristic estimating device for a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the output characteristic estimating means is means for replacing the data for analysis detected immediately before. 3. The output characteristic estimating device for a fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein the predetermined range is a range in which it is determined that the fuel cell is operating at a fixed point. The data replacement unit stores the detected analysis data in the data storage unit when the detected analysis data is data outside a predetermined range from the analysis data detected immediately before the detection. 4. The output characteristic estimating device for a fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein the means for replacing the oldest analysis data among a predetermined number of analysis data is used. The data replacement unit determines a classification of the detected analysis data according to the output characteristic of the fuel cell, and converts the detected analysis data into a predetermined number of analysis data stored in the data storage unit. 2. The output characteristic estimating device for a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the output characteristic estimating means is means for replacing the data for analysis belonging to the corresponding section. 6. The data replacement unit according to claim 5, wherein the detected data for analysis replaces the detected analysis data with the oldest analysis data belonging to a corresponding section among a predetermined number of analysis data stored in the data storage unit. Output characteristic estimation device for fuel cell. 7. The fuel cell output characteristic estimating device according to claim 5, wherein the data storage means is means for storing the predetermined number of analysis data in sections according to the output characteristics of the fuel cell. 8. The fuel cell output characteristic estimating device according to claim 5, wherein the division according to the output characteristic of the fuel cell is a division divided into three or more. An output characteristic estimating device for a fuel cell according to any one of claims 5 to 8,
The analysis data includes the output current of the fuel cell as one of the data,
A fuel cell output characteristic estimating device, wherein the division according to the output characteristic of the fuel cell is a division based on the output current of the fuel cell. The data exchange means is means for storing the detected analysis data in the data storage means without exchanging data when the predetermined number of analysis data is not stored in the data storage means. 10. The output characteristic estimation device for a fuel cell according to any one of 1 to 9. The fuel cell output characteristic estimating apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the output characteristic estimating means is means for estimating an output characteristic of the fuel cell by applying a least square method to the data for analysis. The output characteristic estimating device for a fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 11,
The output characteristics of the fuel cell are characteristics of a voltage between terminals of the fuel cell and an output current of the fuel cell,
An output characteristic estimating device for a fuel cell, wherein the data detecting means is means for detecting a voltage between terminals of the fuel cell and an output current of the fuel cell as the analysis data. A fuel cell output characteristic estimating method for estimating a fuel cell output characteristic using a predetermined number of stored analysis data,
(A) detecting data for analyzing the output characteristics of the fuel cell at a predetermined timing;
(B) when the detected analysis data is replaced with any of the stored predetermined number of analysis data, the detected analysis data is changed so that the replaced predetermined number of analysis data has a predetermined distribution. Is replaced with any one of the stored predetermined number of analysis data,
(C) A fuel cell output characteristic estimation method for estimating the fuel cell output characteristic using the stored predetermined number of analysis data. In the step (b), when the detected analysis data is data within a predetermined range from the stored analysis data detected immediately before the detection, the detected analysis data is detected immediately before the detected analysis data. When the detected analysis data is data outside the predetermined range from the analysis data detected immediately before the detection, the predetermined number of analysis data storing the detected analysis data is replaced with the analysis data. 14. The method for estimating the output characteristics of a fuel cell according to claim 13, wherein the step is a step of replacing the analysis data with the oldest analysis data. In the step (b), the classification of the detected analysis data according to the output characteristic of the fuel cell is determined, and the detected analysis data corresponds to a predetermined number of the stored analysis data. 14. The method for estimating output characteristics of a fuel cell according to claim 13, wherein the method is a step of replacing the data for analysis belonging to the category.

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