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JP2004189759A - Cupuacu seed-derived fats and oils, its preparing method and its use - Google Patents

Cupuacu seed-derived fats and oils, its preparing method and its use Download PDF

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JP2004189759A
JP2004189759A JP2001108335A JP2001108335A JP2004189759A JP 2004189759 A JP2004189759 A JP 2004189759A JP 2001108335 A JP2001108335 A JP 2001108335A JP 2001108335 A JP2001108335 A JP 2001108335A JP 2004189759 A JP2004189759 A JP 2004189759A
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cupuas
fat
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beans
oil
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Makoto Nagasawa
誠 長澤
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CUPUACU INTERNATL Inc
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CUPUACU INTERNATL Inc
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Priority to JP2001108335A priority Critical patent/JP2004189759A/en
Priority to PCT/JP2002/003472 priority patent/WO2002081606A1/en
Publication of JP2004189759A publication Critical patent/JP2004189759A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23GCOCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
    • A23G1/00Cocoa; Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
    • A23G1/30Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
    • A23G1/32Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
    • A23G1/48Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds containing plants or parts thereof, e.g. fruits, seeds or extracts
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23DEDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS OR COOKING OILS
    • A23D9/00Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings or cooking oils
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23GCOCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
    • A23G1/00Cocoa; Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
    • A23G1/30Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
    • A23G1/32Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
    • A23G1/34Cocoa substitutes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23GCOCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
    • A23G1/00Cocoa; Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
    • A23G1/30Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
    • A23G1/32Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
    • A23G1/36Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds characterised by the fats used
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
    • A23L33/00Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/105Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P1/00Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
    • A61P1/04Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for ulcers, gastritis or reflux esophagitis, e.g. antacids, inhibitors of acid secretion, mucosal protectants
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11BPRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B1/00Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
    • C11B1/02Pretreatment
    • C11B1/04Pretreatment of vegetable raw material
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11BPRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B1/00Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
    • C11B1/06Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by pressing

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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  • Botany (AREA)
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  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
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  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Confectionery (AREA)
  • Edible Oils And Fats (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for preparing Cupuacu seed-derived fats and oils which do not contain an arousal substance such as caffeine and theobromine and are useful for the maintenance of health, and a health food such as chocolate-like confectionery to be prepared by using the same. <P>SOLUTION: The method for preparing the Cupuacu fats and oils comprises a first step of fermenting Cupuacu seeds to obtain Cupuacu beans, a second step of roasting the Cupuacu beans by far infrared rays, threshing the roasted beans to collect albumen, and grounding the albumen to obtain crude Cupuacu and, if desired, a third step of pressing the crude Cupuacu fats and oils to obtain purified Cupuacu fats and oils. The health food uses the Cupuacu fats and oils. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する利用分野】
本発明は、クプアス(Cupuacu − Theobroma grandfiflorum (Willderow ex Sprengel) Schumann)由来のクプアス油脂を含有する例えばチョコレート様菓子等健康食品などのクプアス油脂製品に係る。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
クプアス(Cupuacu)は、Theobroma grandfiflorum (Willderow ex Sprengel) Schumann の俗称であり、Sterculiaceae科のTheobroma属に属する熱帯性植物である。この科は、ほぼ50の属と750種の樹木(喬木及び潅木を含む)を包含するが、その殆ど全ての樹種が熱帯性である。Theobroma属は、Androretalum、Glossoretalum、Oreanthes、Telmatocarpus、及びTheobromaの六つの亜属に大別され、更に22種に分類される。
【0003】
クプアスは、Glossoretalum亜属の一品種であり、Theobroma類に属する樹種であって、現在では南米アマゾン河流域において自生しまたは極く小規模ながら栽培されており、主として果肉が現地住民の食用に供されているほか、小規模ながら果肉がジュース、ネクター、ゼリー、シャーベット、アイスクリーム、ヨーグルトなどにも加工されている。この樹木は常緑の低木性であり、日陰によく適応し、従って他の植物との共生に適しているとされている。年間を通して白または淡黄色の花を開き、その後1.2乃至1.3kgの実をつける。この果実の果肉は全重量のほぼ40%程度を占め、平均30乃至40個の種子を含む。種子は従来無用なものとして廃棄されるか、せいぜい家畜の飼料とされるのみであった。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明者らは、クプアス樹が、上述したようにアマゾン原産の日陰適応の高い低木であり、つまり熱帯雨林において他の樹種との共生能力が高く、例えば緑化に適したユーカリ、ヤシなど植樹する所謂”アグロフォレストリ”によって熱帯雨林の荒廃跡地の緑化回復のために植林するのに特に適し、熱帯雨林の保存・回復と地域産業の振興に大いに寄与し得ると考えた。
【0005】
クプアス種子の果肉は小規模ながら原住民によって食用に利用されているが、クプアスの果実は既述したように大きくて多量の種子を有しており、種子の重量は果実のほぼ17〜18%にも達するものの、クプアス種子は、通常埋め立て処理によって廃棄されているのが現状である。このクプアス種子の価値ある有効利用が見出されれば、クプアス樹の価値が上がることによって、クプアス樹の栽培が盛んとなり、熱帯雨林の荒廃をも防ぐことが可能となる。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、かかる状況に鑑みて現在殆ど無価値のクプアス種子の有効利用について鋭意検討を重ねた結果、クプアスの種子は、低融点の良質の油脂を多量に含んでいることを知見し、さらに、クプアスの種子を採集し、これを例えば洗浄、醗酵(醗酵前に洗浄を行ってもよい)、乾燥、特定の処理のよる焙煎、特定の処理のよる脱殻、粉砕および圧搾等の各工程に供することによって、例えば、本発明の健康食品、医薬、化粧品の製造に有用な粗製又は精製クプアス油脂が工業的に有利に製造出来ることを知見した。なお、本発明におけるクプアスは従来天然に存在するクプアスのみならず、その変種であってよい。すなわち、クプアスと他の植物との交配又はクプアスの遺伝子技術処理によって得られるクプアスの変種は下記する粗製クプアス又は精製クプアス油脂がそれから製造可能である限り、いずれも本発明におけるクプアスであり、このようなクプアス変種から得られる油脂は本発明におけるクプアス油脂である。
【0007】
さらに本発明者らは、得られた精製クプアス油脂は、融点が29乃至32℃と体温に近く、独特の脂肪酸組成を有すること、精製クプアス油脂のこのような特徴を活かして、精製クプアス油脂に所望により例えば砂糖、粉乳、植物油(パーム油、ココナツ油、ナタネ油など)等の添加物を配合混入することによって優れた風味と味覚を有するチョコレート様の菓子類が得られること、またマーガリン、ホイップクリーム等の加工食品に精製クプアス油脂を適量配合すればこれら加工食品の品質改良が可能であり、さらに精製クプアス油脂は皮膚保護効果の高いクリーム、リップスティック等の油性化粧品、例えば座薬、軟膏などの医薬の基剤としても有用であることを知見した。なお粗製クプアス油脂も精製クプアス製品と同様の有用性を有するので、粗製クプアス油脂は単独であるいは精製クプアス油脂と組合わせて、精製クプアスと同様に油脂原料として種々の分野で使用することができる。
【0008】
さらに、本発明者らは下記する知見をも得た。
粗製クプアス油脂又は精製クプアス油脂の第一の特徴は、カフェインやテオブロミンなど刺激性の強い覚醒作用を有する生理活性物質を実質的に含有しないこと及び融点が29〜33℃というヒト体温に近いことにあり、その融解特性は極めてシャープであり、スーパークーリング性を示し、固化時に体積収縮を伴い、また多結晶形を示す。またその代表的な物理化学的性状および脂肪酸組成が下記に示す通りであり、カカオバターと比較してアラキジン酸含有量がほぼ9倍以上またオレイン酸とリノール酸の含有量も1.3倍程度高く、従って飽和脂肪酸/不飽和脂肪酸比率は1.0〜1.1であることが分かる。オレイン酸、リノール酸、アラキジン酸やベヘン酸含量が有意に高いのであるが、特にオレイン酸とリノール酸等一価不飽和脂肪酸は、多価不飽和脂肪酸に比べて生体内で活性酸素による酸化を受けにくく而も血液中のコレステロールや中性脂肪を低下させる活性は同等であるので、精製クプアス油脂は、生活習慣病などの予防や健康維持に資する健康食品として有用である。本発明に従えば、上記したようにクプアス油脂を使用してチョコレート様菓子が製造できる。クプアス油脂は、チョコレートの原料となるカカオバターとは異なり、例えばカフェインやテオブロミン等の覚醒物質を実質的に含まない、従って、クプアス油脂を使用してチョコレート様菓子等の食品はチョコレートよりも健康上より好ましい。
【0009】
又さらに、チョコレートはカフェイン及びテオブロミンなどの刺激作用物質、興奮作用物質乃至覚醒物質を含むために妊婦がチョコレートを摂食することは嫌がられるが、このような作用物質を実質的に含まないクプアス種子由来の油脂をカカオバターの代わりに用いて製造したチョコレート様菓子はチョコレートと類似した味、風味を有するから、妊婦がクプアス油脂から製造したチョコレート様菓子(クプアスチョコレート)をチョコレート菓子の代用として食しても何ら問題が無い。ミルクチョコレートにはラクトースアレルギーの問題がある。ミルクにはラクトースが含まれ、ミルクやミルクを含有する例えばミルクチョコレートを喫食するとじんましんが出たり、下痢症状を引き起こすアレルギー症状が存在する。クプアスチョコレートはミルクを積極的に加えて製造しなくとも、マイルドな風味があって、ミルクチョコレートとよく似た風味を呈する。従って、クプアス油脂から製造したチョコレート様菓子を食することは、チョコレートを食するよりも健康の維持もしくは増進に役立つ。このことも本発明者らの新発見である。
【0010】
本発明者らは、さらにクプアス油脂並びにそれから製造されるチョコレート様菓子について鋭意検討を重ねた結果、クプアス油脂を用いてチョコレート様菓子を製造するに際して、さらにレシチンを配合するとクプアス油脂の粘度が下がって作業性がよくなるうえ、製造されたチョコレート様菓子に滑らかな舌ざわりの風味を与えること、クプアス油脂の融点が低く、地域によってあるいは気温によってはクプアス油脂及びチョコレート様菓子の取り扱いが困難となる場合があるが、このような場合、融点調整剤としてカカオバターをクプアス油脂又はチョコレート様菓子に配合するとこのような問題点が解決することを発見した。
【0011】
本発明者らは、クプアス油脂が、クプアス種子を醗酵させてクプアス豆を得る第1工程と、クプアス豆を焙煎し、脱穀して胚乳を採取し、これを磨砕して粗製クプアスを得る第2工程と、さらに所望により粗製クプアス油脂を圧搾して精製クプアスを得る第3工程を含む製造方法によって工業的に製造できることを知見した。
【0012】
又、本発明者らは、クプアス油脂のさらに工業的に有利な製造方法について検討を重ねた結果、カカオ豆の場合は醗酵後のカカオ豆を常用の熱風式焙煎機又は直火式焙煎機で焙煎することにより外皮が簡単にはがれ、胚乳を容易に採取することができるが、クプアス種子から胚乳を採取するのはカカオ豆の場合のように容易ではないことを知見した。
【0013】
すなわち、醗酵後のクプアス種子の外皮は、カカオ豆の外皮とは異なり、弾力性があるが分厚くて硬く、カカオ豆と異なり焙煎しても外皮は容易にはがれない。クラッシャー等の機械的手段で粗砕して破砕された胚乳と外皮を分別するが胚乳が外皮にくっつく割合が高く、胚乳のみの収率は低い。外皮は渋く、舌ざわりが悪いので、外皮がくっついている胚乳は食用としては好ましくない。そこで胚乳がくっついている外皮を上記機械手段で破砕して、胚乳、外皮と胚乳がついた外皮とを分別し、さらに胚乳がついた外皮を機械的手段で破砕し、分別する操作を繰り返すことによって、胚乳を収率よく取得することを試みても収率は約40%程度と低く、操作が複雑となり、時間もかかる。本発明者らは、クプアス種子の場合は、カカオ豆の場合とは異なり、胚乳と外皮との間に油分が多く存在し、この油分が胚乳と外皮とを固着していて、胚乳が外皮と離れにくくしていることを知見した。
【0014】
本発明者らは、この問題点を解決するために鋭意検討を重ねた結果、醗酵後のクプアス種子すなわち、クプアス豆を熱風式焙煎機や直火式焙煎機を用いず、遠赤外線を用いてクプアス豆を焙煎することにより予想外に胚乳が外皮と離れ易くなり、上記問題点が解決されることを知見した。
又さらに、本発明者らは思いがけなくも、クプアス豆を高温水又は加熱水蒸気と接触させた後、クプアス豆の外皮に切れ目を入れ、切れ目部分から胚乳を取り出すかあるいは外皮を取り除くことによって上記問題点が解決され、この操作によってクプアス油脂が工業的にさらに有利に製造できることを知見した。
【0015】
すなわち、本発明は
(1) クプアス種子を醗酵させてクプアス豆を得る第1工程と、クプアス豆を遠赤外線で焙煎し、脱穀して胚乳を採取、これを磨砕して粗製クプアスを得る第2工程と、さらに所望により粗製クプアス油脂を圧搾して精製クプアス油脂を得る第3工程からなるクプアス油脂の製造方法、
(2) クプアス種子を醗酵させてクプアス豆を得る第1工程と、クプアス豆を高温水又は加熱水蒸気と接触させた後、クプアス豆の表皮に切れ目を入れ、クプアス豆表皮の切れ目部分から胚乳を採取し、これを焙煎し、次いで磨砕して粗製クプアス油脂を得る第2工程と、さらに所望により粗製クプアス油脂を圧搾して精製クプアス油脂を得る第3工程からなるクプアス油脂の製造方法、
(3) 前記(1)又は(2)に記載の粗製クプアス油脂又は/及び精製クプアス油脂とレシチン又は/及びカカオバターを含有することを特徴とする健康食品、
(4) さらに砂糖、粉乳、パーム油、ココナツ油及びナタネ油からなる群から選ばれる1種以上を含有することを特徴とする前記(3)に記載の健康食品、
(5) チョコレート様菓子又はチョコレート代替物である前記(3)又は(4)に記載の健康食品、
(6) 粗製クプアス油脂又は精製クプアスを含有することを特徴とする加工食品、医薬品又は化粧品、及び
(7) 粗製クプアス油脂の加圧処理によって精製クプアス油脂から分離される繊維質を含有するケーキ又はそれを粉砕して得られる粉状物、
に関する。
【0016】
【発明の実施の形態】
クプアス油脂の代表的製造工程図を下記する。

Figure 2004189759
【0017】
本発明の好ましい実施の態様を下記に詳述する。ただし以下の説明で「%」は「重量%」を表わす。
クプアスの樹から採取された果実は核果であり、既述したように平均重量が1kg前後であり、そのうち果肉の占める割合はほぼ40%近くに達し、ペクチンとクエン酸の含有率が高く、美味であり、したがってそのまま生食に供されるほか、ジュース、アイスクリーム、ゼリー、ヨーグルトなどの加工食品の製造に原料として用いるのに適しており、このような加工食品の製造装置を設置することによって、副生する種子の採集・集荷は極めて容易かつ衛生的とすることができる。
【0018】
かくして集荷選別したクプアス種子は、例えば下記する醗酵、乾燥から始まるクプアス製造プロセスに供することによって粗製クプアス油脂また更には精製クプアス油脂とすることができる。
【0019】
即ち、クプアス種子を所望により水で濯いだ後、適宜の大きさの密閉可能な木製またはプラスチック製の箱に収納し、密閉すれば、付着している酵母が自然に増殖して醗酵が開始する。醗酵は5〜7日進行するが、クプアス種子のまわりについた繊維質のパルプに含まれた多糖類がアルコール醗酵によってアルコールに分解され、さらに酢酸醗酵によって酢酸が生じ、その結果腐敗しやすい、余分な繊維質が除去される。
【0020】
醗酵工程を経たクプアス種子は、ついで適宜のマット上に広げて天日乾燥又は加温下の強制乾燥に供され、含水率が55%程度からほぼ6%以下になるまで乾燥され、かくして貯蔵保管が可能な状態となる。醗酵が終了したクプアス種子は、例えば乾燥中に付着したゴミ、埃などをふるい等で除去する。そしてジュートまたは麻製などの適宜の大きさの袋に充填し、クプアス油脂製造プロセスに供するまで貯蔵、輸送される。
【0021】
清浄浄化工程においては、醗酵乾燥処理したクプアス種子の中に混入した小石、金属類、塵芥、粉塵などのほかフラット豆、ダブル豆などの挟雑物をフルイ装置、電磁石や圧縮空気また小型の除塵機などを適宜に組み合わせて利用して除去するのである。清浄浄化工程を終えたクプアス種子はクプアス豆とも称される。なお清浄浄化工程は醗酵工程前に行なってもよい。
【0022】
清浄浄化処理されたクプアス種子(クプアス豆)は、焙煎工程において焙煎され、その結果クプアス種子の含水率はほぼ6%から2%にまで低下せしめられ、この後の工程である脱殻工程において繊維性の外殻シェルと胚乳の分離を容易にする。かかる焙煎は、通常コーヒー、ココアなどの焙煎で常用される熱風式あるいは直火式焙煎機を用いてクプアス種子の品温をほぼ130〜150℃の高温に20乃至30分間保持することによって行われる。
【0023】
かくして焙煎処理されたクプアス種子は、クラッシャーにかけて粗砕し、ついでフルイ処理して繊維性のシェル(外皮)を剥離除去して胚乳を分別取得する。なお、クラッシャー処理とフルイ処理は、外皮が約5重量%程度以下になるまで適宜反復繰り返して行う。かくして得られたクプアス種子胚乳は、ミルの中に投じて通常は二段階の磨砕処理を行うことによって粗製クプアス油脂が得られる。すなわち、第一段階はブレードミルを通して平均粒径150ミクロン程度にまで磨砕し、次いで第二段階としてボールミルにより平均粒径75ミクロン程度にまで磨砕処理するのである。このような磨砕処理においては、摩擦熱によってクプアス胚乳中にほぼ54〜59%含まれる油脂が溶解して、ペースト状又は液状乃至油状を呈するに至る。得られる粗製クプアス油脂を、例えば油圧プレスを用いて圧搾処理すれば精製クプアス油脂が得られる。この工程によって、精製クプアス油脂が加圧下に濾過される。精製クプアス油脂は加圧下に液状で濾過され、常圧下約40℃以上では液状であるが、温度が冷えると固状となる。従って精製クプアス油脂は液状又は固状で分離取得される。さらに、粗製又は精製クプアス油脂はクプアス種子を醗酵処理して乾燥し、外殻(外皮)を除去することなく、そのまま加圧下に粉砕し、加圧濾過することによっても製造される。このようにして例えば上記二方法によって製造される。粗製又は精製クプアス油脂の油脂含量は約40〜65重量%程度である。
【0024】
さらに、上記の製造方法(以下A方法路略称する)において、醗酵および乾燥して得られるクプアス豆を焙煎前にボイルすることにより外皮を柔らかく、剥ぎ易くした後に胚乳を取り出し、胚乳を焙煎してもよい。すなわち下記する工程図に従って粗製クプアス油脂および精製クプアスを製造してもよい(B方法と略称することもある)。この場合は、最初の工程図による場合に比して、クプアス油脂の収率が驚くべきことに約30%程度向上する。
【0025】
Figure 2004189759
【0026】
B方法における「醗酵」、「乾燥」、「焙煎」、「脱穀」、「磨砕」及び「圧搾」の処理はA方法における対応する処理を同様に行われてよい。
B方法における「焙煎」処理は下記する遠赤外線装置を使用する焙煎であってもよいが、熱風式焙煎機又は直火式焙煎機を使用する焙煎処理であってよく、熱風焙煎と直火焙煎は、カカオ豆の焙煎と同様に行われてよい。クプアス豆の熱水又は加熱水蒸気との接触は好ましくはクプアス豆を水中ボイルすることによって行われる。
【0027】
この場合の好ましい実施の態様を以下に記載する。
ボイル処理は自体公知の手段に従って行ってよく、常圧下若しくは加圧下に行ってよい。通常は醗酵、乾燥したクプアス豆を常圧下約5〜30分程度、好ましくは約10〜20分程度、沸騰している水中でボイルする。好ましくはボイルした豆を例えばザル等にのせ水分を切る。
上記のボイリング処理の代わりに、加熱水蒸気処理してもよい。加熱水蒸気処理は自体公知の手段で行ってもよく、常圧下で行ってもよいし、加圧下に行ってもよい。温度は通常は100℃以上好ましくは約100℃〜200℃程度である。
【0028】
表皮に切れ目を入れるのは、通常は表皮が柔らかいうちに例えばカッター、ナイフ等の機械的手段で表皮に切れ目を入れる。人力又は機械で切れ目の部分から胚乳を取り出す。好ましくは取り出した胚乳を例えば乾燥機を使用して、通常は水分が約6重量%以下になるまで乾燥し、胚乳を上記手段により水分が約2重量%以下となるまで焙煎し、例えばグラインダーを用いて、胚乳を磨砕して、粗製クプアスを得て、これを圧搾することによって精製クプアスを製造する。
【0029】
さらに、本発明の好ましい実施態様を下記する(C方法と略記する)。
Figure 2004189759
【0030】
C方法を下記に詳述する。ただし以下の説明で「%」は「重量%」を表わす。
C方法において、「醗酵」、「乾燥」、「脱穀」、「磨砕」及び「圧搾」はA方法又はB方法と同様に行われてよい。従って、クプアス種子を醗酵及び乾燥処理してクプアス豆を製造する工程はA方法又はB方法と同じでよい。
【0031】
クプアス豆は焙煎工程において遠赤外線装置を用いて焙煎される。遠赤外線装置は、遠赤外線を照射し、クプアス豆を焙煎することができるものであればどのようなものでもよい。遠赤外線の波長は好ましくは約1〜100μm程度、好ましくは4〜50μm程度で、装置のワット数はクプアス豆の処理量によって大きく異なるため一概にはいえないが、通常は約1,000〜10,000程度でよい。赤外線源としては、セラミックをヒーターとして用いるのが好ましい。ヒーター表面の温度は約300〜400℃程度、より好ましくは約360〜380℃程度とし、遠赤外線照射時のクプアス豆の品温を約100〜150℃、好ましくは約110〜120℃とするのが好ましい。遠赤外線源とクプアス豆との距離は平均約5〜15cm程度が好ましい。遠赤外線照射時間も処理量やクプアス豆の状態により異なるため、一概にはいえないがクプアス豆の含水量が約6%から2%程度以下になるまで遠赤外線を照射する。そのような場合の照射時間は通常5〜30分程度である。
【0032】
クプアス豆をホッパーに投入して、そこから例えばバイブレーターを用いて好ましくはメッシュコンベア上に、供給する。メッシュコンベア上のクプアス豆は一定速度で遠赤外線ヒーターに向かって進行する。少なくとも遠赤外線の照射を受ける間、メッシュコンベアは好ましくは進行方向、その垂直方向及び上下方向に振動して、メッシュコンベア上のクプアス豆の一粒、一粒がゆっくりと回転して、遠赤外線を均等に受けられるようにする。
この遠赤外線焙煎処理により、この後の工程である脱穀工程における繊維性の外殻シェル(外皮)と胚乳との分離が熱風式焙煎装置又は直火式焙煎装置を用いる焙煎の場合に比して随分と容易にある。
このように、遠赤外線焙煎処理を用いると、熱風又は直火による焙煎処理に比して、脱穀処理がより簡単なものとなるばかりでなく、処理されたクプアス豆がより優れた風味になる。
【0033】
脱穀処理は、焙煎処理したクプアス豆から外皮を除去することにより行われる。通常は焙煎したクプアス豆を例えばクラッシャーにかけて粗砕し、次いで例えばフルイ処理して繊維性のシェル(外皮)を除去して胚乳を分別取得する。クラッシャー処理とフルイ処理は、胚乳についている外皮が約5重量%以下になるまで適宜繰り返してよい。遠赤外線焙煎処理したクプアス豆を用いると、熱風焙煎処理又は直火焙煎処理したクプアス豆を用いる場合に比して、上記の繰り返しの頻度が顕著に減少する。カカオ豆とは顕著に異なる現象である。
【0034】
このようにして得られる胚乳を、磨砕処理して粗製クプアス油脂を製造する。
好ましくは、かくして得られたクプアス豆胚乳は、ミルの中に投じて通常は二段階の磨砕処理を行うことによって粗製クプアス油脂が得られる。すなわち、第一段階はブレードミルを通して平均粒径150ミクロン程度にまで磨砕し、次いで第二段階としてボールミルにより平均粒径75ミクロン程度にまで磨砕処理するのである。このような磨砕処理においては、摩擦熱によってクプアス胚乳中にほぼ約54〜59%程度含まれる油脂が溶解して、ペースト状又は液状乃至油状を呈するに至る。
【0035】
このようにして得られる粗製クプアス油脂を圧搾処理に付することにより精製クプアスが得られる。好ましくは、得られる粗製クプアス油脂を、例えば油圧プレスを用いて圧搾処理すれば精製クプアス油脂が得られる。この工程によって、精製クプアス油脂が加圧下に濾過される。精製クプアス油脂は加圧下に液状で濾過され、常圧下約40℃以上では液状であるが、温度が冷えると固状となる。従って精製クプアス油脂は液状又は固状で分離取得される。
なお、粗製クプアス油脂を圧搾処理工程に付すると粗製クプアス油脂は精製クプアス油脂と繊維質を含有するケーキに分離する。このケーキを磨砕して得られる粉状物は、ココアと同様にして香り高い飲み物として喫することができる。
【0036】
クプアス油脂に例えばレシチン等の界面活性剤、さらに所望により香料等を加え、よく混合した後、ロールの間を通して粒子を微細にし、さらに約40〜45℃で混練機にかけてよく練って混練物を得る。レシチンを配合するとクプアス油脂の粘度が下がって作業性がよくなる上、製造されたチョコレート菓子に滑らかな舌ざわりの風味を与える。
クプアス油脂は、チョコレートの製造に使用されるカカオバターよりも融点が低い精製クプアス油脂又は粗製クプアス油脂と精製クプアス油脂の混合物を使用してチョコレート様の菓子を製造する場合に、該チョコレート様菓子の軟化点を上げることを所望するときには、クプアス油脂の一部をカカオバターで置き換えてもよい。そのような場合の使用されるクプアス油脂とカカオバターの配合割合は、重量比で約97:3〜60:40程度である。
【0037】
さらに所望により、上記の混練物には、粉乳、砂糖、界面活性剤以外に植物油を配合してもよい。そのような植物油としては、パーム油、ココナツ油、ナタネ油等があげられる。これらの添加物の一以上を配合してもよい。
このような添加物を配合した混練物の好ましい一例を挙げると、混練物100重量部中、粗製クプアス:5〜90重量部、より好ましくは10〜80重量部、精製クプアス:10〜50重量部、より好ましくは20〜40重量部、砂糖:15〜60重量部、より好ましくは20〜50重量部、レシチン:0.01〜1重量部、より好ましくは0.2〜0.6重量部が含まれる。
なお、カカオバターからチョコレートを製造する場合に、カカオバターの一部をクプアス油脂によって置き換えてもよい。
【0038】
上記の混練物又はこれにさらにパフ類又はナッツ類とを混合し、型(モールド)に充填し、クプアスチョコレート菓子を製造してよい。又、さらに冷却されたクプアス油脂チョコレートのシェルの中にクリーム、ナッツ、ビスケット、リキュール類などを注入、充填し、ふたをすればシェルクプアス油脂チョコレートが得られる。
又さらに、ビスケット、ナッツ、クリームなどの固体を網コンベアに乗せ、温度調整した上記混練物を滝のように流下させ、余分な混連物を風力で吹き落として、冷却することによってもクプアス油脂チョコレートが製造できる。
【0039】
かくして製造される精製クプアス油脂の代表的物性(参考としてカカオバターの数値を示す)
Figure 2004189759
【0040】
上記の数値は、クプアス樹の産地、栽培条件等により変動しうるものである。例えば飽和脂肪酸と不飽和脂肪酸との重量比率も約0.8〜1.4の範囲で変動しうる。屈折率も1.456〜1.485の範囲を超えて、1.3〜1.5の範囲内で変動しうる。
【0041】
かくして得られた粗製クプアス油脂、精製クプアス油脂又はそれらを用い製造される菓子類はいずれも刺激性、覚醒性など不快な生理的副作用を有するカフェイン、テオブロミンなどを含有しない、特に乳幼児や高齢者にとっても健康的な食品又は嗜好品として有用である。また、精製クプアス油脂は、マーガリンなど油脂ベースの加工食品に配合すれば品質の改善、新しい健康食品類の開発が可能である。油性化粧品に配合すれば皮膚保護効果を改善することが出来また融点がヒト体温に近接しているので、そのまま又は若干の水素添加還元処理を行って座薬又は軟膏の基剤として使用出来る。
【0042】
【実施例】
以下に実施例を記載して、本発明をさらに詳細に説明する。
実施例1 精製クプアス油脂の製造:
ブラジルアマゾン河流域の都市マナウスの近郊に位置するプランテーションで栽培したクプアスから種子を採取し、パルプ付着したまま醗酵釜の中で5〜7日間クプアス種子に付着したイースト菌によって醗酵させたところ、pHは5.0〜5.3と低下し、温度は42〜45℃に上昇した。その後トレイに移して7日間天日乾燥させ、長径が20乃至30mm、短径が16乃至20mmかつ重量が2.1〜2.5g/種子(この範囲で変動した)、 含水率が6乃至7%であるクプアス種子を得た。
醗酵乾燥させたクプアス種子は、電磁石で金属類異物をのぞきまた圧縮空気で塵芥を除去することによって清浄処理した。かくして得られるクプアス豆をホッパーに投入し、そこからバイブレーターを用いてメッシュコンベア上にクプアス豆を供給する。このメッシュコンベアは上下、左右及び進行方向に振動することにより、クプアス豆の一粒一粒が遠赤外線の熱を均等に受けるようにさせる。遠赤外線ヒーターとしてセラミックを用いる。遠赤外線ヒーターのワット数は約2000W、波長は4〜50μm、電流10A、クプアス豆とヒーターとの距離は平均8cmであった。焙煎条件は、遠赤外線板の通過時間と品温で管理した。クプアス豆の場合、遠赤外線ヒーター通過時間(照射時間)は10分間、品温は170℃で行った。このようにすると外皮(表皮)の状態については、明らかに熱風ロースト方式とは異なり剥離しやすくなった。風味についても良好な結果が得られる。
これによって、クプアス種子は含水率はほぼ2%にまで低下すると同時に芳香フレーバーを有するものとなった。焙煎処理したクプアス豆を篩いかけして塵芥や割れ豆を除去し、次いで破砕機にかけて胚乳シエルを剥離し、次に80メッシュの篩で篩い掛けしてクプアス胚乳を得た。なお篩い残は第一の篩い工程に戻して再度破砕処理を行った。
得られたクプアス胚乳は、ブレードミルによる一次粉砕処理の後次いでボールミルによる二次粉砕処理による二段階粉砕処理又は微粉砕機に供する一段階微粉砕処理を行うことによってクプアス胚乳の平均粒径を75ミクロン以下にすることによって液状とし、かくして粗製クプアス油脂を得た。さらにこの粗製油脂を更に油圧式フィルタープレスにかけることによって精製クプアス油脂が得られた。得られた精製クプアス油脂の代表的物性値は、上記試験例で示した。
なお、クプアス果実から採取した生のクプアス種子(平均含水率68%)100kgから、ほぼ45kgの乾燥クプアス種子(平均含水率6%)が得られ、焙煎処理することによって43kgの焙煎処理クプアス種子とし、さらに破砕処理によって18kgのクプアス胚乳が得られた。引き続いて微粉砕処理して粗製クプアス油脂を製造し、フィルタープレス処理によって約10kgの精製クプアス油脂を得た。
【0043】
実施例2 精製クプアス油脂の製造:
ブラジルアマゾン河流域の都市マナウスの近郊に位置するプランテーションで栽培したクプアスから種子を採取し、パルプ付着したまま醗酵釜の中で5〜7日間クプアス種子に付着したイースト菌等によって醗酵させたところ、pHは5.0〜5.3と低下し、温度は42〜45℃に上昇した。その後トレイに移して7日間天日乾燥させ、長径が20乃至30mm、短径が16乃至20mmかつ平均重量が2.1〜2.5g/種子(この範囲で変動する)、 含水率が6乃至7%であるクプアス種子を得た。
醗酵乾燥させたクプアス種子は、電磁石で金属類異物をのぞきまた圧縮空気で塵芥を除去することによって清浄処理し、次いで連続焙煎装置に入れて130〜150℃の熱風でほぼ20〜30分間ローストした。これによって、クプアス種子は含水率はほぼ2%にまで低下すると同時に芳香フレーバーを有するものとなった。焙煎処理したクプアス種子を篩いかけして塵芥や割れ豆を除去し、次いで破砕機にかけて胚乳シエルを剥離し、次に80メッシュの篩で篩い掛けしてクプアス胚乳を得た。なお篩い残は第一の篩い工程に戻して再度破砕処理を行った。
得られたクプアス胚乳は、ブレードミルによる一次粉砕処理の後次いでボールミルによる二次粉砕処理による二段階粉砕処理又は微粉砕機に供する一段階微粉砕処理を行うことによって平均粒径を75ミクロン以下にすることによって液状とし、かくして粗製クプアス油脂を得た。さらにこの粗製油脂をさらに油圧式フィルタープレスにかけることによって精製クプアス油脂が得られた。得られた精製クプアス油脂の代表的物性値は、上記試験例で示した。
【0044】
実施例3 チョコレート様菓子(クプアスチョコレート)の製造:
前記した実施例1において得られた粗製クプアス油脂及び精製クプアス油脂を用いて下記処方に従って三種類の洋菓子を製造した。
Figure 2004189759
上記した各原料成分の所定量を秤量してミキサーに投入し、温度40〜45℃において処方に従い10乃至20分間の異なる時間混合・微細化・混練処理し、次いで温度調整後、モールド内に注型し、その後10〜15℃に冷却して、それぞれのチョコレート様洋菓子(クプアスチョコレート)製品が得られた。これらの製品は風味や呈味など品質面で従来のチョコレート系洋菓子類に遜色することはなかった。
【0045】
実施例4
下記要領にて、クプアス豆のボイリング処理を行い、粗製クプアス油脂を製造した。
実施例1と同様に、醗酵、乾燥したクプアス豆を約10〜20分間沸騰している水中でボイルする。ボイルした豆をざるに乗せ水分を切る。クプアス豆の表皮が柔らかいうちにカッターで切れ目を入れ、胚乳部分を取り出す。取り出した胚乳は、乾燥機を使用して水分が、6重量%以下になるまで乾燥し、さらに水分が約2重量%以下となるまで熱風式焙煎機で焙煎し、グラインダーを用いて磨砕する。このようにして粗製クプアス油脂を得る。実施例1と同様にして粗製クプアス油脂から精製クプアス油脂を得る。
【0046】
実施例5
実施例3の処方の代わりに下記処方に従う以外は、実施例3に記載の方法と全く同様にして、それぞれのタイプのチョコレート様菓子(クプアスチョコレート)を製造した。チョコレート系洋菓子に遜色することなく、風味、呈味で優れた製品である。
【表1】
Figure 2004189759
【0047】
実施例6
実施例3の処方の代わりに下記処方に従う以外は、実施例3に記載の方法と全く同様にして、それぞれのタイプのチョコレート様菓子(クプアスチョコレート)を製造した。チョコレート系洋菓子に遜色することなく、風味、呈味で優れた製品である。
【表2】
Figure 2004189759
【0048】
実施例7
Figure 2004189759
なお、配合量の単位は全て重量%である。
(製法)No.7の10重量%にNo.15を室温下で分散し、これにNo.16及び17を徐々に添加し、ディスパーにて分散し、W/O型エマルションを得る。一方、No.1〜6及びNo.7の残部を90℃にて加熱溶解し、その後No.8〜14を加えて80℃にて分散した後、これに先に得たW/O型エマルションを添加して分散混合する。これを脱気後、所定容器に充填する。
得られた口紅は、のびも良く、20名パネルで1ヶ月間使用テストを行った結果、明らかな保湿効果が認められた。また、唇に塗布した場合においても発色性、色持ち共に非常に良い結果であった。
【0049】
実施例8
〔座薬〕
タンニン酸100gおよび亜硫酸水素ナトリウム20g を乳鉢で細かく磨り潰して粉末にした。これとは別に、硫酸アルミニウムカリウム50g 、リドカイン20g および竜脳20g を乳鉢で磨り潰して粉末とし、篩に掛けて一定の粒度のものを集めた。このようにして得られた両方の粉末を合わせて均一になるまで十分に混合した。この混合物を更に細かく粉砕してよく混合した後、これに溶融した精製クプアス油脂を全量が1000gになるように添加し、得られた配合物を撹拌して混合物を十分に溶融した。これを座薬用コンテナーに入れて座薬製剤を作製した。なお、座薬製剤1個の重量は1.5 gとした。その座薬1個中には、タンニン酸0.15g 、硫酸アルミニウムカリウム0.075g、リドカイン0.03g および竜脳0.03g が含まれている。
このようにして製造された座薬は、軽症の痔等に基づく直腸病変組織を治療するのに有効ばかりでなく、直腸、肛門の手術後に起こる合併症に照らして、主に術後の括約筋の痙攣によって引き起こされる疼痛を防止し、制菌、消炎をし、腫れを引き、痛みを止め、肉芽細胞の正常でかつ早急な発育を促し、傷口の癒合を促進するのに有効である。
【0050】
【発明の効果】
本発明によって、健康保持に有用なクプアス油脂並びにそれを使用した健康食品を工業的有利に提供することができる。[0001]
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cupuasu oil product such as a health food such as a chocolate-like confection containing a cupuasu oil derived from cupuacu (Cupuacu-Theobroma grandfiflorum (Willderow ex Sprengel) Schumann).
[0002]
[Prior art]
Cupuacu (Cupuacu) is a common name for Theobroma grandfiflorum (Willderow ex Sprengel) Schumann, and is a tropical plant belonging to the genus Theobroma in the family Sterculiaceae. This family encompasses almost 50 genera and 750 species of trees, including tall trees and shrubs, of which almost all species are tropical. The genus Theobroma is roughly classified into six subgenus, Androretalum, Glossoretalum, Oreanthes, Telmatocarpus, and Theobroma, and is further classified into 22 species.
[0003]
Kupuas is a cultivar of the subgenus Glossoretalum, a tree species belonging to the Theobroma family, and is currently grown naturally or on a very small scale in the Amazon River basin in South America, and its pulp is mainly used for food for local residents. In addition, the flesh is processed into juice, nectar, jelly, sorbet, ice cream, yogurt, etc., albeit on a small scale. The tree is said to be an evergreen shrub that adapts well to the shade and is therefore suitable for symbiosis with other plants. Open white or pale yellow flowers throughout the year, and then harvest 1.2 to 1.3 kg of fruit. The pulp of this fruit accounts for almost 40% of the total weight and contains an average of 30 to 40 seeds. Seeds have traditionally been discarded as useless or, at best, only used as livestock feed.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present inventors, as described above, the Kupuas tree is a shrub that is highly shade-adapted native to the Amazon, that is, it has a high symbiotic ability with other tree species in a tropical rain forest, and is planted, for example, eucalyptus and palm suitable for greening. The so-called “Agroforestry” is particularly suitable for planting trees to restore the degraded areas of rainforests, and is thought to contribute greatly to the preservation and restoration of rainforests and the promotion of local industries.
[0005]
Although the pulp of Kupuas seeds is used for food by small indigenous people in small scale, the fruits of Kupuas have large and large amounts of seeds as described above, and the weight of the seeds is about 17-18% of the fruits. However, at present, cupuas seeds are usually disposed of by landfill. If a valuable and effective use of the Kupuas seeds is found, the value of the Kupuas tree will increase, so that the cultivation of the Kupuas tree will become active and it will be possible to prevent the destruction of the tropical rain forest.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In view of such circumstances, the present inventors have conducted intensive studies on the effective use of currently almost worthless cupuas seeds, and as a result, have found that cupuas seeds contain a large amount of low-melting high-quality oils and fats. Further, the seeds of cupuas are collected, and are collected, for example, washed, fermented (which may be washed before fermentation), dried, roasted by a specific treatment, unhulled by a specific treatment, crushed and squeezed. It has been found that, by subjecting each step to, for example, a crude or refined cupuas oil or fat useful in the production of the health food, medicine or cosmetics of the present invention can be industrially advantageously produced. In addition, the cupuas in the present invention may be not only a naturally occurring cupuas but also a variant thereof. That is, a variety of kupuas obtained by crossing kupuas with other plants or treating kupuas with genetic technology is a kupuasu in the present invention, as long as a crude kupuas or a refined kupuas oil described below can be produced therefrom. Fats and oils obtained from naive Kupuas varieties are the cupuas fats and oils in the present invention.
[0007]
Furthermore, the inventors have determined that the obtained refined cupuas fat has a melting point close to body temperature of 29 to 32 ° C. and a unique fatty acid composition, and makes use of such characteristics of the refined cupuas fat. If desired, additives such as sugar, milk powder, vegetable oil (palm oil, coconut oil, rapeseed oil, etc.) may be blended and mixed to obtain chocolate-like confectionery having excellent flavor and taste. Margarine, whipped It is possible to improve the quality of these processed foods by adding an appropriate amount of purified cupuas fat to processed foods such as creams.Furthermore, refined cupuas oils and fats are highly skin-protecting creams, oily cosmetics such as lipsticks, such as suppositories and ointments. It has been found that it is also useful as a pharmaceutical base. Since crude cupuas fats and oils have the same utility as refined cupuas products, the crude cupuas fats can be used alone or in combination with refined cupuas fats and oils as raw materials for fats and oils in various fields.
[0008]
Furthermore, the present inventors have also obtained the following findings.
The first characteristic of the crude or purified cupuas fat is that it does not substantially contain a physiologically active substance having a strong stimulating arousal effect such as caffeine or theobromine, and its melting point is close to human body temperature of 29 to 33 ° C. The melting characteristics are extremely sharp, exhibit supercooling properties, accompany volume shrinkage upon solidification, and exhibit a polycrystalline form. The representative physicochemical properties and fatty acid composition are as shown below, and the content of arachidic acid is about 9 times or more and the content of oleic acid and linoleic acid is about 1.3 times that of cocoa butter. It can be seen that the ratio of saturated fatty acids / unsaturated fatty acids is 1.0-1.1. Although the contents of oleic acid, linoleic acid, arachidic acid and behenic acid are significantly higher, in particular, monounsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid and linoleic acid are more likely to be oxidized by active oxygen in vivo than polyunsaturated fatty acids. Since it is less susceptible and has the same activity of lowering cholesterol and neutral fat in blood, refined cupuas fat is useful as a health food that contributes to prevention of lifestyle-related diseases and maintenance of health. According to the present invention, chocolate-like confectionery can be produced using cupuas fat as described above. Unlike cocoa butter, which is a raw material for chocolate, cupuas fat is substantially free of stimulants such as caffeine and theobromine.Therefore, foods such as chocolate-like confections using cupuas fat are healthier than chocolate. More preferred above.
[0009]
Furthermore, chocolate contains stimulants such as caffeine and theobromine, stimulants or wakeful substances, so that pregnant women are reluctant to eat chocolate, but do not substantially contain such agents. Chocolate-like confectionery produced using oils and fats derived from cupuas seeds instead of cocoa butter has a similar taste and flavor to chocolate, so that pregnant women can use chocolate-like confectionery (cupuas chocolate) produced from cupuas oils as a substitute for chocolate confectionery There is no problem eating. Milk chocolate has the problem of lactose allergy. Milk contains lactose, and eating milk or milk-containing milk chocolate, for example, produces hives and allergic symptoms that cause diarrhea. Cupuas chocolate has a mild flavor and a flavor very similar to milk chocolate, even if milk is not actively added and produced. Thus, eating chocolate-like confections made from cupuas fats helps maintain or promote health over eating chocolate. This is also a new discovery of the present inventors.
[0010]
The present inventors have further conducted intensive studies on cupuas fats and chocolate-like confections produced therefrom.As a result, when producing chocolate-like confections using cupuas fats and oils, further mixing lecithin lowers the viscosity of the cupuas fats and oils. In addition to improving workability, giving the produced chocolate-like confectionery a smooth tongue-like flavor, the melting point of the cupuas fat is low, and it may be difficult to handle the cupuas fat and the chocolate-like confection depending on the region or the temperature. However, in such a case, it has been found that such a problem can be solved by adding cocoa butter as a melting point regulator to cupuas fat or chocolate-like confectionery.
[0011]
The present inventors have obtained a first step in which cupuas fats and oils are fermented to obtain cupuas seeds to obtain cupuas beans, roasted and harvested endosperm obtained by roasting and seeding cupuas beans, and grinding them to obtain crude cupuas. It has been found that it can be industrially produced by a production method including a second step and, if desired, a third step of squeezing a crude cupuas fat to obtain a purified cupuas.
[0012]
Further, the present inventors have repeatedly studied a more industrially advantageous method for producing cupuas fats and oils, and as a result, in the case of cacao beans, the fermented cacao beans are commonly used hot air roasting machines or direct roasting. It has been found that roasting with a machine makes it easy to peel the outer skin and easily collect endosperm, but it is not easy to collect endosperm from cupuas seeds as in the case of cocoa beans.
[0013]
That is, the hull of the cupuas seed after fermentation is different from the hull of the cocoa beans, but is elastic but thick and hard, and unlike the cocoa beans, the hull does not easily come off even when roasted. The endosperm and the hull are separated from the crushed endosperm by mechanical means such as a crusher, but the endosperm adheres to the hull at a high rate, and the yield of endosperm alone is low. Since the outer skin is sour and the texture is bad, the endosperm to which the outer skin is attached is not preferable for food. Therefore, crushing the outer skin to which the endosperm is attached by the above mechanical means, separating the endosperm, the outer skin and the outer skin with the endosperm, further crushing the outer skin with the endosperm by mechanical means, and repeating the separation operation Therefore, even if an attempt is made to obtain endosperm with good yield, the yield is as low as about 40%, the operation becomes complicated, and it takes time. The present inventors have found that, in the case of cupuas seeds, unlike in the case of cacao beans, there is a large amount of oil between the endosperm and the hull, and this oil adheres the endosperm and the hull, and the endosperm is in the hull. I found that it was hard to separate.
[0014]
The present inventors have conducted intensive studies in order to solve this problem, and as a result, fermented cupuas seeds, that is, cupuas beans, without using a hot air roasting machine or a direct fire roasting machine, far infrared rays. It has been found that the roasting of cupuas beans makes it easier for the endosperm to be separated from the hulls unexpectedly and solves the above problem.
Still further, the present inventors unexpectedly contact the cupuas beans with high-temperature water or heated steam, then cut the outer skin of the cupuas beans, and take out the endosperm or remove the outer skin from the cut sections. Have been solved, and it has been found that this operation allows industrial production of cupuas fats and oils.
[0015]
That is, the present invention
(1) a first step of fermenting a cupuas seed to obtain a cupuas bean, a second step of roasting the cupuas bean with far-infrared rays, threshing and collecting endosperm, and grinding this to obtain a crude cupuas; A method for producing a cupuas fat comprising a third step of squeezing a crude cupuas fat to obtain a purified cupuas fat according to need;
(2) The first step of fermenting Kupuas seeds to obtain Kupuas beans, and after bringing the Kupuas beans into contact with high-temperature water or heated steam, making a cut in the epidermis of the Kupuas bean, and removing endosperm from the cut part of the Kupuas bean epidermis. Sampling, roasting and then grinding to obtain a crude Kupuas oil and a second step, and further, if desired, a crude Kupuas oil and a third step of pressing to obtain a purified Kupuas oil
(3) A health food comprising the crude cupuas fat or oil and / or the purified cupuas oil and / or lecithin or / and cocoa butter according to the above (1) or (2).
(4) The health food according to (3), further comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of sugar, powdered milk, palm oil, coconut oil, and rapeseed oil.
(5) The health food according to the above (3) or (4), which is a chocolate-like confection or a chocolate substitute,
(6) Processed foods, pharmaceuticals or cosmetics characterized by containing crude kupuas fats or refined kupuas, and
(7) a cake containing fibrous material separated from refined cupuas fat by pressurizing the crude cupuas fat or a powdery substance obtained by crushing the cake;
About.
[0016]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
A typical production process diagram of cupuas fat is shown below.
Figure 2004189759
[0017]
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. However, in the following description, “%” represents “% by weight”.
The fruits collected from the cupuas tree are drupes, with an average weight of about 1 kg as described above, of which the pulp accounts for almost 40%, the content of pectin and citric acid is high, and the taste is delicious. Therefore, in addition to serving raw food as it is, juice, ice cream, jelly, suitable for use as a raw material in the production of processed foods such as yogurt, by installing such a processed food production equipment, The collection and collection of by-produced seeds can be made extremely easy and sanitary.
[0018]
The Kupuas seed thus collected and sorted can be subjected to, for example, the following fermentation and drying process for producing Kupuas, starting with the following fermentation and drying, to obtain a crude Kupuasu oil or fat or even a purified Kupuasu oil.
[0019]
That is, after rinsing the cupuas seeds with water as desired, it is stored in a sealable wooden or plastic box of an appropriate size, and if it is sealed, the attached yeast grows naturally and fermentation starts. I do. The fermentation proceeds for 5 to 7 days, but the polysaccharides contained in the fibrous pulp around the Kupuas seeds are decomposed into alcohol by alcohol fermentation, and acetic acid is produced by acetic acid fermentation. Fiber is removed.
[0020]
The cupuas seeds that have undergone the fermentation process are then spread on an appropriate mat and subjected to solar drying or forced drying under heating, and dried until the water content falls from about 55% to about 6% or less, and thus stored and stored. Becomes possible. The fermented cupuas seeds are, for example, sieved to remove dirt, dust, and the like attached during drying. Then, they are filled into bags of an appropriate size such as jute or hemp, and stored and transported until subjected to a cupuas fat manufacturing process.
[0021]
In the purification process, pebbles, metals, dust, dust, etc. mixed in fermented and dried Kupuas seeds, as well as contaminants such as flat beans and double beans, are screened with a sieve device, electromagnets, compressed air, and small dust removers. Machines and the like are appropriately combined and used to remove. Kupuas seeds that have been subjected to the purification step are also referred to as cupuas beans. The cleaning and purifying step may be performed before the fermentation step.
[0022]
The clean and purified Kupuas seeds (Kupuas beans) are roasted in the roasting step, and as a result, the water content of the Kupuas seeds is reduced from almost 6% to 2%, and in the subsequent step, the shelling step, Facilitates the separation of the fibrous outer shell and endosperm. In such roasting, the temperature of cupuas seeds is maintained at a high temperature of approximately 130 to 150 ° C. for 20 to 30 minutes using a hot air type or direct fire type roasting machine commonly used for roasting coffee, cocoa, and the like. Done by
[0023]
The cupuas seed thus roasted is crushed in a crusher, and then sieved to remove the fibrous shell (outer skin) and separate and obtain endosperm. The crusher treatment and the sieving treatment are repeated as appropriate until the outer skin becomes about 5% by weight or less. The thus obtained cupuas seed endosperm is thrown into a mill and usually subjected to a two-stage grinding treatment to obtain a crude cupuas fat. That is, the first step is to grind to an average particle size of about 150 microns through a blade mill, and then the second step is to grind to an average particle diameter of about 75 microns by a ball mill. In such a grinding treatment, the fat or oil contained in the cupuas endosperm by about 54 to 59% is dissolved by frictional heat, and the paste or liquid or oil is obtained. When the obtained crude Kupuas fat is subjected to a squeezing treatment using, for example, a hydraulic press, a purified Kupuasu fat is obtained. By this step, the purified cupuas fat is filtered under pressure. The refined cupuas fat is filtered in a liquid state under pressure, and is liquid at about 40 ° C. or more under normal pressure, but becomes solid when the temperature is cooled. Therefore, the purified cupuas fat is separated and obtained in a liquid or solid state. Further, crude or purified cupuas oils and fats are also produced by fermenting and drying a cupuas seed, pulverizing it under pressure without removing the outer shell (outer skin), and filtering it under pressure. Thus, it is manufactured by, for example, the above two methods. The fat content of the crude or purified cupuas fat is about 40 to 65% by weight.
[0024]
Further, in the above-mentioned production method (hereinafter abbreviated as Method A), the outer skin is softened by boiling the cupuas beans obtained by fermentation and drying before roasting to make it easy to peel off, then the endosperm is taken out, and the endosperm is roasted. May be. That is, crude Kupuas fat and refined Kupuasu may be manufactured according to the following process diagram (it may be abbreviated as Method B). In this case, the yield of the cupuas fat and oil is surprisingly improved by about 30% as compared with the case according to the first process chart.
[0025]
Figure 2004189759
[0026]
The processes of “fermentation”, “drying”, “roasting”, “threshing”, “milling” and “pressing” in Method B may be performed in the same manner as the corresponding processes in Method A.
The “roasting” treatment in the method B may be roasting using a far-infrared ray device described below, but may be roasting treatment using a hot air roasting machine or an open flame roasting machine. Roasting and direct roasting may be performed similarly to roasting of cocoa beans. Contacting the cupuas beans with hot water or heated steam is preferably carried out by boiling the cupuas beans in water.
[0027]
A preferred embodiment in this case is described below.
The boil treatment may be performed according to a means known per se, and may be performed under normal pressure or under pressure. Usually, the fermented and dried cupuas beans are boiled in boiling water under normal pressure for about 5 to 30 minutes, preferably for about 10 to 20 minutes. Preferably, the boiled beans are placed on a colander, for example, to drain the water.
Instead of the above-mentioned boiling treatment, a heating steam treatment may be performed. The heating steam treatment may be performed by a means known per se, may be performed under normal pressure, or may be performed under pressure. The temperature is usually 100 ° C. or higher, preferably about 100 ° C. to 200 ° C.
[0028]
The cut in the skin is usually made by mechanical means such as a cutter or a knife while the skin is soft. The endosperm is removed from the cut with human power or machine. Preferably, the removed endosperm is dried using a dryer, for example, usually until the water content is about 6% by weight or less, and the endosperm is roasted by the above-mentioned means until the water content is about 2% by weight or less. Is used to grind the endosperm to obtain a crude cupuas, which is squeezed to produce a purified cupuas.
[0029]
Further, a preferred embodiment of the present invention is described below (abbreviated as Method C).
Figure 2004189759
[0030]
The C method is described in detail below. However, in the following description, “%” represents “% by weight”.
In the method C, “fermentation”, “drying”, “threshing”, “milling” and “squeezing” may be performed in the same manner as the method A or the method B. Therefore, the process of fermenting and drying the cupuas seeds to produce cupuas beans may be the same as the method A or the method B.
[0031]
Cupuas beans are roasted using a far-infrared ray device in the roasting process. The far-infrared device may be any device that can irradiate far-infrared rays and roast cupuas beans. The wavelength of the far-infrared ray is preferably about 1 to 100 μm, preferably about 4 to 50 μm, and the wattage of the apparatus cannot be completely determined because it greatly varies depending on the throughput of the cupuas beans. It may be about 2,000. As an infrared source, it is preferable to use ceramic as a heater. The temperature of the heater surface is about 300 to 400 ° C, more preferably about 360 to 380 ° C, and the temperature of the cupuas beans at the time of far-infrared irradiation is about 100 to 150 ° C, preferably about 110 to 120 ° C. Is preferred. The average distance between the far-infrared ray source and the cupuas beans is preferably about 5 to 15 cm. The far-infrared irradiation time also varies depending on the treatment amount and the state of the cupuas beans, so it is impossible to say unconditionally, but the far-infrared rays are irradiated until the water content of the cupuas beans becomes about 6% to about 2% or less. The irradiation time in such a case is usually about 5 to 30 minutes.
[0032]
The cupuas beans are introduced into a hopper, from which they are fed, for example using a vibrator, preferably on a mesh conveyor. The cupuas beans on the mesh conveyor travel toward the far-infrared heater at a constant speed. At least during the irradiation of far infrared rays, the mesh conveyor preferably vibrates in the traveling direction, its vertical direction and up and down direction, and one grain of the cupuas beans on the mesh conveyor slowly rotates to emit far infrared rays. Be evenly received.
By this far-infrared roasting process, the separation of the fibrous outer shell (skin) and the endosperm in the subsequent threshing step is performed in the case of roasting using a hot air roasting apparatus or a direct fire roasting apparatus. It is much easier than.
As described above, when the far-infrared roasting process is used, not only the threshing process becomes simpler than the roasting process using hot air or direct heat, but also the treated cupuas beans have a more excellent flavor. Become.
[0033]
Threshing is carried out by removing the outer skin from the roasted cupuas beans. Usually, roasted cupuas beans are crushed by, for example, a crusher, and then subjected to, for example, a sieving treatment to remove a fibrous shell (skin), thereby obtaining endosperm separately. The crusher treatment and the sieving treatment may be repeated as appropriate until the outer skin of the endosperm becomes about 5% by weight or less. The use of cupuas beans that have been roasted with far-infrared rays significantly reduces the frequency of the above repetition as compared to the case where cupuas beans that have been roasted with hot air or roasted by direct heat. This is a phenomenon that is significantly different from cocoa beans.
[0034]
The endosperm thus obtained is subjected to a grinding treatment to produce a crude cupuas fat.
Preferably, the thus obtained cupuas soybean endosperm is put into a mill and usually subjected to a two-stage grinding treatment to obtain a crude cupuas fat. That is, the first step is to grind to an average particle size of about 150 microns through a blade mill, and then the second step is to grind to an average particle diameter of about 75 microns by a ball mill. In such a grinding treatment, the fat or oil contained in the cupuas endosperm in about 54 to 59% is dissolved by frictional heat, resulting in the formation of a paste or a liquid or oil.
[0035]
By subjecting the thus obtained crude cupuas fat and oil to a squeezing treatment, a purified cupuas is obtained. Preferably, the obtained crude Kupuas fat is subjected to a squeezing treatment using, for example, a hydraulic press to obtain a purified Kupuasu fat. By this step, the purified cupuas fat is filtered under pressure. The refined cupuas fat is filtered in a liquid state under pressure, and is liquid at about 40 ° C. or more under normal pressure, but becomes solid when the temperature is cooled. Therefore, the purified cupuas fat is separated and obtained in a liquid or solid state.
When the crude cupuas fat is subjected to a squeezing treatment step, the crude cupuas fat is separated into a cake containing the purified cupuas fat and fiber. The powdery substance obtained by grinding this cake can be enjoyed as a fragrant drink in the same manner as cocoa.
[0036]
For example, a surfactant such as lecithin, and if necessary, a fragrance and the like are added to the cupuas oil and fat, and after mixing well, fine particles are passed between rolls and further kneaded at about 40 to 45 ° C. with a kneader to obtain a kneaded material. . Incorporation of lecithin lowers the viscosity of the cupuas oil and fats, improves workability, and imparts a smooth tongue-like flavor to the produced chocolate confectionery.
Cupuas fat, when using a mixture of refined cupuas fat or crude cupuas fat and refined cupuas fat having a lower melting point than the cocoa butter used in the production of chocolate, to produce a chocolate-like confection, If it is desired to increase the softening point, a portion of the cupuas fat may be replaced with cocoa butter. In such a case, the compounding ratio of the cupuas oil and fat and the cocoa butter is about 97: 3 to 60:40 by weight.
[0037]
If desired, vegetable oil may be added to the above kneaded material in addition to milk powder, sugar, and a surfactant. Such vegetable oils include palm oil, coconut oil, rapeseed oil and the like. One or more of these additives may be blended.
A preferred example of a kneaded product in which such an additive is blended is as follows: 100 parts by weight of the kneaded product, crude cupuas: 5 to 90 parts by weight, more preferably 10 to 80 parts by weight, and purified cupuas: 10 to 50 parts by weight. , More preferably 20 to 40 parts by weight, sugar: 15 to 60 parts by weight, more preferably 20 to 50 parts by weight, lecithin: 0.01 to 1 part by weight, more preferably 0.2 to 0.6 part by weight. included.
In addition, when producing chocolate from cocoa butter, a part of cocoa butter may be replaced by cupuas fat.
[0038]
The above kneaded material or a mixture thereof with puffs or nuts may be mixed and filled in a mold to produce a cupuas chocolate confectionery. In addition, cream, nuts, biscuits, liqueurs, and the like are injected and filled into the cooled shell of the cupuas fat and oil chocolate, and the shell is obtained.
Further, by placing solids such as biscuits, nuts, and cream on a mesh conveyor, allowing the temperature-adjusted kneaded material to flow down like a waterfall, blowing off excess compound by wind force, and cooling the cupuas fat. Can produce chocolate.
[0039]
Representative physical properties of the refined cupuas fat thus produced (values of cocoa butter are shown for reference)
Figure 2004189759
[0040]
The above numerical values can vary depending on the production area of the cupuas tree, cultivation conditions, and the like. For example, the weight ratio of saturated fatty acids to unsaturated fatty acids can also vary in the range of about 0.8 to 1.4. The refractive index can also vary within the range of 1.3-1.5, beyond the range of 1.456-1.485.
[0041]
Any of the thus obtained crude cupuas fat, purified cupuas fat or confectionery produced using them does not contain caffeine, theobromine, etc., which have unpleasant physiological side effects such as irritation and arousal, especially infants and the elderly. Is also useful as a healthy food or a luxury item. In addition, refined cupuas fat can be mixed with oil-based processed foods such as margarine to improve quality and develop new health foods. When incorporated into oily cosmetics, the skin protection effect can be improved and the melting point is close to human body temperature, so that it can be used as it is or after a slight hydrogenation reduction treatment as a base for suppositories or ointments.
[0042]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples.
Example 1 Production of refined cupuas oil and fat:
Seeds were collected from Kupuas cultivated in a plantation located near the city of Manaus in the Brazilian Amazon basin, and fermented with yeast attached to Kupuas seeds for 5-7 days in a fermenter with pulp attached. The temperature dropped to 5.0 to 5.3, and the temperature rose to 42 to 45 ° C. After that, it is transferred to a tray and dried in the sun for 7 days. The major axis is 20 to 30 mm, the minor axis is 16 to 20 mm, and the weight is 2.1 to 2.5 g / seed (varied in this range), and the moisture content is 6 to 7 % Kupuas seeds were obtained.
The fermented and dried cupuas seeds were cleaned by removing foreign substances with an electromagnet and removing dust with compressed air. The cupuas beans thus obtained are put into a hopper, from which the cupuas beans are supplied onto a mesh conveyor using a vibrator. The mesh conveyor vibrates up and down, left and right, and in the traveling direction so that each of the cupuas beans receives heat of far-infrared rays evenly. Ceramic is used as the far infrared heater. The wattage of the far infrared heater was about 2000 W, the wavelength was 4 to 50 μm, the current was 10 A, and the distance between the cupuas beans and the heater was 8 cm on average. The roasting conditions were controlled by the passing time of the far-infrared ray plate and the product temperature. In the case of cupuas beans, the passing time (irradiation time) of the far infrared heater was 10 minutes, and the product temperature was 170 ° C. In this way, the state of the outer skin (epidermal) became clearer, unlike the hot air roast method. Good results are also obtained for the flavor.
This reduced the moisture content of the cupuas seed to almost 2% and at the same time provided it had an aromatic flavor. The roasted cupuas beans were sieved to remove dust and cracked beans, then crushed to remove endosperm shell, and then sieved with an 80-mesh sieve to obtain cupuas endosperm. The sieved residue was returned to the first sieving step and crushed again.
The obtained cupuas endosperm is subjected to a two-stage crushing process by a primary crushing process by a blade mill and then to a two-stage crushing process by a secondary crushing process by a ball mill or a one-stage fine crushing process to be subjected to a fine crusher to thereby reduce the average particle size of the kupuas endosperm to 75. It was made liquid by making the micron size or less, and thus a crude cupuas fat was obtained. The crude oil was further subjected to a hydraulic filter press to obtain a refined cupuas oil. Representative physical property values of the obtained refined cupuas oil and fat are shown in the above test examples.
In addition, approximately 45 kg of dried cupuas seeds (average moisture content: 6%) were obtained from 100 kg of raw cupuas seeds (average moisture content: 68%) collected from the cupuas fruit, and 43 kg of roasted cupuas was obtained by roasting. 18 kg of cupuas endosperm was obtained as a seed and further crushed. Subsequently, a crude Kupuas fat was produced by fine pulverization, and about 10 kg of a refined Kupuas fat was obtained by a filter press treatment.
[0043]
Example 2 Production of refined cupuas oil and fat:
The seeds were collected from Kupuas cultivated in a plantation located near the city of Manaus in the Brazilian Amazon river basin, and fermented by yeasts and the like attached to Kupuas seeds in a fermenter for 5-7 days while the pulp was attached. Decreased from 5.0 to 5.3, and the temperature increased to 42 to 45 ° C. After that, it is transferred to a tray and dried in the sun for 7 days. The major axis is 20 to 30 mm, the minor axis is 16 to 20 mm, and the average weight is 2.1 to 2.5 g / seed (varies in this range). A 7% Kupuas seed was obtained.
The fermented and dried cupuas seeds are cleaned by removing foreign substances with an electromagnet and removing dust with compressed air, then put in a continuous roaster and roasted with hot air at 130 to 150 ° C for approximately 20 to 30 minutes. did. This reduced the moisture content of the cupuas seed to almost 2% and at the same time provided it had an aromatic flavor. The roasted Kupuas seeds were sieved to remove dust and cracked beans, then crushed to separate the endosperm shell, and then sieved with an 80-mesh sieve to obtain Kupuas endosperm. The sieved residue was returned to the first sieving step and crushed again.
The obtained cupuas endosperm has an average particle size of 75 microns or less by performing a two-stage pulverization process by a secondary pulverization process by a ball mill after the primary pulverization process by a blade mill or a one-step pulverization process to be provided to a pulverizer. By doing so, a liquid was obtained, and thus a crude cupuas fat was obtained. The crude oil was further subjected to a hydraulic filter press to obtain a refined cupuas oil. Representative physical property values of the obtained refined cupuas oil and fat are shown in the above test examples.
[0044]
Example 3 Production of chocolate-like confectionery (cupuas chocolate):
Three types of Western confectionery were produced using the crude cupuas oil and fat obtained in Example 1 and the purified cupuas oil according to the following formulation.
Figure 2004189759
A predetermined amount of each of the above-mentioned raw material components is weighed and put into a mixer, and mixed, refined, and kneaded for 10 to 20 minutes at a temperature of 40 to 45 ° C. for 10 to 20 minutes according to the recipe. After being molded and then cooled to 10 to 15 ° C., respective chocolate-like western confectionery (cupuas chocolate) products were obtained. These products were not inferior to conventional chocolate-based confectionery in quality such as flavor and taste.
[0045]
Example 4
In the following manner, a cupuas bean was subjected to a boiling treatment to produce a crude cupuas fat.
As in Example 1, the fermented and dried cupuas beans are boiled in boiling water for about 10-20 minutes. Put the boiled beans on top and drain. While the outer skin of the cupuas bean is soft, cut it with a cutter and remove the endosperm. The removed endosperm is dried using a dryer until the water content becomes 6% by weight or less, further roasted with a hot air roasting machine until the water content becomes about 2% by weight or less, and polished using a grinder. Crush. Thus, a crude cupuas fat is obtained. A purified cupuas fat is obtained from a crude cupuas fat in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0046]
Example 5
Each type of chocolate-like confectionery (cupuas chocolate) was produced in exactly the same manner as in Example 3 except that the following formulation was used instead of the formulation of Example 3. This product is excellent in flavor and taste, comparable to chocolate-based western confectionery.
[Table 1]
Figure 2004189759
[0047]
Example 6
Each type of chocolate-like confectionery (cupuas chocolate) was produced in exactly the same manner as in Example 3 except that the following formulation was used instead of the formulation of Example 3. This product is excellent in flavor and taste, comparable to chocolate-based western confectionery.
[Table 2]
Figure 2004189759
[0048]
Example 7
Figure 2004189759
In addition, the unit of the compounding amount is all weight%.
(Production method) No. 7 to 10% by weight. No. 15 was dispersed at room temperature. 16 and 17 are gradually added and dispersed by a disper to obtain a W / O emulsion. On the other hand, No. Nos. 1 to 6 and Nos. No. 7 was heated and dissolved at 90 ° C. After adding 8 to 14 and dispersing at 80 ° C., the previously obtained W / O emulsion is added and dispersed and mixed. After degassing, it is filled in a predetermined container.
The obtained lipstick had good spreadability and was subjected to a use test for one month on a panel of 20 persons. As a result, a clear moisturizing effect was recognized. In addition, even when applied to the lips, both the coloring property and the color retention were very good.
[0049]
Example 8
〔suppository〕
100 g of tannic acid and 20 g of sodium bisulfite were finely ground into a powder in a mortar. Separately, 50 g of potassium aluminum sulfate, 20 g of lidocaine and 20 g of dragon brain were ground into a powder in a mortar and sieved to collect particles having a certain particle size. The two powders thus obtained were combined and thoroughly mixed until uniform. The mixture was further finely pulverized and mixed well, and then the melted purified cupuas fat was added so that the total amount became 1000 g, and the resulting mixture was stirred to sufficiently melt the mixture. This was placed in a suppository container to prepare a suppository formulation. The weight of one suppository preparation was 1.5 g. One suppository contains 0.15 g of tannic acid, 0.075 g of potassium aluminum sulfate, 0.03 g of lidocaine and 0.03 g of dragon brain.
The suppositories produced in this way are not only effective in treating rectal lesions based on mild hemorrhoids, etc., but also in the light of complications occurring after rectal and anal surgery, mainly convulsions of the postoperative sphincter. It is effective in preventing the pain caused by, controlling bacteria, inflaming, swelling, stopping pain, promoting normal and rapid growth of granulation cells, and promoting wound healing.
[0050]
【The invention's effect】
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, it is possible to industrially provide a cupuas oil and fat useful for maintaining health and a health food using the same.

Claims (7)

クプアス種子を醗酵させてクプアス豆を得る第1工程と、クプアス豆を遠赤外線で焙煎し、脱穀して胚乳を採取、これを磨砕して粗製クプアスを得る第2工程と、さらに所望により粗製クプアス油脂を圧搾して精製クプアス油脂を得る第3工程からなるクプアス油脂の製造方法。A first step of fermenting the cupuas seeds to obtain cupuas beans, a second step of roasting the cupuas beans with far-infrared rays, threshing and collecting endosperm, and grinding the crude endosperm to obtain a crude cupuas; A method for producing a cupuas fat comprising a third step of squeezing a crude cupuas fat to obtain a purified cupuas fat. クプアス種子を醗酵させてクプアス豆を得る第1工程と、クプアス豆を高温水又は加熱水蒸気と接触させた後、クプアス豆の表皮に切れ目を入れ、クプアス豆表皮の切れ目部分から胚乳を採取し、これを焙煎し、次いで磨砕して粗製クプアス油脂を得る第2工程と、さらに所望により粗製クプアス油脂を圧搾して精製クプアス油脂を得る第3工程からなるクプアス油脂の製造方法。The first step of fermenting the cupuas seed to obtain a cupuas bean, and after bringing the cupuas bean into contact with high-temperature water or heated steam, a cut is made in the skin of the cupuas bean, and the endosperm is collected from the cutout portion of the cupuas bean, A method for producing a cupuas fat comprising a second step of roasting and then grinding to obtain a crude cupuas fat and, if desired, a third step of pressing the crude cupuas fat to obtain a purified cupuas fat. 請求項1又は2に記載の粗製クプアス油脂又は/及び精製クプアス油脂とレシチン又は/及びカカオバターを含有することを特徴とする健康食品。A health food comprising the crude cupuasu oil or fat according to claim 1 or 2 and / or the purified cupuasu oil and fat, and lecithin or / and cocoa butter. さらに砂糖、粉乳、パーム油、ココナツ油及びナタネ油からなる群から選ばれる1種以上を含有することを特徴とする請求項3に記載の健康食品。The health food according to claim 3, further comprising one or more selected from the group consisting of sugar, milk powder, palm oil, coconut oil, and rapeseed oil. チョコレート様菓子又はチョコレート代替物である請求項3又は4に記載の健康食品。The health food according to claim 3 or 4, which is a chocolate-like confection or a chocolate substitute. 粗製クプアス油脂又は精製クプアスを含有することを特徴とする加工食品、医薬品又は化粧品。Processed foods, pharmaceuticals or cosmetics containing crude cupuas fats or refined cupuas. 粗製クプアス油脂の加圧処理によって精製クプアス油脂から分離される繊維質を含有するケーキ又はそれを粉砕して得られる粉状物。A cake containing fibrous material separated from purified cupuas fat by pressurizing a crude cupuas fat or a powdery substance obtained by pulverizing the cake.
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101439898B1 (en) 2013-08-12 2014-09-17 박승재 Phellinus method of manufacturing high quality coconut oil
JP5625913B2 (en) * 2008-12-15 2014-11-19 不二製油株式会社 Additive oil and fat composition, chocolate using the same, and method for producing the same
CN107057830A (en) * 2017-03-20 2017-08-18 江南大学 A kind of method of near-infrared pretreatment auxiliary aqueous enzymatic extraction rapeseed oil

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JP2918597B2 (en) * 1989-07-14 1999-07-12 中部飼料株式会社 Feeding and feeding methods for sows
TW226324B (en) * 1990-02-12 1994-07-11 Nestle Sa
FR2709641B1 (en) * 1993-09-07 1995-12-01 Pernod Ricard Coffee roasting process.
JPH11169079A (en) * 1997-12-15 1999-06-29 Morinaga & Co Ltd Cocoa mass, cocoa powder suspension and methods for treating them
JP4176912B2 (en) * 1999-05-10 2008-11-05 一丸ファルコス株式会社 Cosmetic composition containing moisturizing plant extract

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JP5625913B2 (en) * 2008-12-15 2014-11-19 不二製油株式会社 Additive oil and fat composition, chocolate using the same, and method for producing the same
KR101439898B1 (en) 2013-08-12 2014-09-17 박승재 Phellinus method of manufacturing high quality coconut oil
CN107057830A (en) * 2017-03-20 2017-08-18 江南大学 A kind of method of near-infrared pretreatment auxiliary aqueous enzymatic extraction rapeseed oil

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