JP2004170470A - Automatic composition device, automatic composition method and program - Google Patents

Abstract

A user without music knowledge or skill can create a musically meaningful and unique melody by a simple operation.
An automatic music composition apparatus includes: a function block extracting unit for extracting a function block selected from a plurality of function blocks having a plurality of elements including function code information; Executing at least one of the pitch adjustment and the melody rhythm adjustment for the constituent elements of the function block, and a result of the execution. And adjusting means 24 for generating musical note information based on the function code information in the element.
[Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an automatic composition technique, and more particularly, to an automatic composition apparatus, an automatic composition method, and a program capable of automatically generating a melody based on a melody creation template.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in the field of automatic music using a computer, for example, some music composition templates are stored so that even a beginner without musical knowledge can easily compose music, Composition was performed by selecting one of them and automatically generating performance data as a melody based on the selected one.
[0003]
As a technique of an automatic music using a template, for example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-221968, "Automatic music composition device and storage medium", a music piece storing various information independent of the music piece, such as the number of notes in a melody. There has been proposed an apparatus that composes music using a song-dependent template that stores various information depending on a song such as a chord progression and the like. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-6843, "Automatic Music Composition Apparatus and Method and Storage Medium" proposes an apparatus and method for composing music by combining chord progression data based on a template and passage composition data.
[0004]
By the way, in general, using a template makes it easy for a beginner to compose a song, but becomes immersive. Conversely, when trying to create an individuality, the amount of data in the template increases and the operation of the user becomes complicated.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of such a conventional situation, and an automatic music apparatus, which can create a musically meaningful and unique melody by a simple operation even by a user without music knowledge or technology, It aims to provide a composition method and a program.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
To achieve the above object, an automatic music composition device according to the first aspect of the present invention comprises: a function block extracting means for extracting a function block selected from a plurality of function blocks having a plurality of elements including function code information; A function block editing unit capable of adding and changing a new function block to the extracted function block, and / or at least one of a pitch adjustment and a melody rhythm adjustment for elements constituting the function block. And adjusting means for generating note information based on the function code information in the element based on the execution result.
[0007]
An automatic music composition method according to the invention of claim 8 includes a step of extracting a function block selected from a plurality of function blocks having a plurality of elements including function code information; Performing at least one of adjusting the pitch and adjusting the melody rhythm of the constituent elements of the functional block, based on the execution result, Generating musical note information based on the function code information in the element.
[0008]
Further, the program according to the invention of claim 10 is a program for an automatic music composition device, wherein the processing for extracting a function block selected from a plurality of function blocks having a plurality of elements including function code information; Executing at least one of a process of adding and changing a new function block to the function block and a pitch adjustment and a melody rhythm adjustment of elements constituting the function block. And a process for generating note information based on the function code information in the element based on the execution result.
[0009]
According to the first, eighth and tenth aspects of the present invention, first, a function block is selected, and then the pitch and rhythm of the elements included in the function block are adjusted.
[0010]
Here, the “function code information” is so-called “chord information”. The “element” can be a minimum unit of the composition work, and mainly means a bar. The "functional block" is a unit composed of a plurality of elements and capable of exhibiting a function as music, and mainly means a passage.
[0011]
3. The automatic music composition device according to claim 2, further comprising: performance means for generating a music signal based on said note information; and a note information display for displaying said note information together with an element identification display in synchronization with said music signal. Means.
[0012]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the element corresponding to the performance by the performance means and the note information synchronized therewith is identified and displayed, so that the position of the element to be edited can be easily grasped.
[0013]
Here, the "element identification display" means that the element to which the note being played belongs is identified and displayed with other elements by color coding or the like.
[0014]
In the automatic music composition device according to the third aspect of the present invention, the functional blocks are registered in a template for each music type.
[0015]
According to the third aspect of the present invention, it is possible to compose a basic phrase of composition by combining functional blocks registered for each music type such as a circular chord and a blues chord.
[0016]
In the automatic music composition device according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the adjusting means is mainly configured with a chord tone type mainly composed of chord constituent sounds and a rise and fall of a musical scale with adjacent melody. A note size setting means for setting a certain amount of note for each element of any one selected type among a mix type which is a mix of the scale type and the chord tone type and the scale type. It is characterized by including.
[0017]
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, when the note amount is set to some extent, a chord tone system, a scale system, or a mixture system is selected. This makes it possible to make appropriate settings for chords and melodies according to the user's preference.
[0018]
In the automatic music composition device according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the adjusting means may further comprise means for collectively setting an odd or even element, or means for collectively setting the first or second half of a functional block. It is characterized by including.
[0019]
According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, as a method of setting the elements, odd or even elements are collectively set, or elements in the first half or the second half of the functional block are collectively set.
This makes it possible, for example, to collectively set odd-numbered elements as chord-tone systems and even-numbered elements as scale systems, making it easy to create a unique melody that suits the user's preference.
[0020]
If the individual setting or the collective setting function of the whole is provided, the number of options of the user is increased, and the convenience is improved.
[0021]
In the automatic music composition apparatus according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the adjusting means may further include a damping amount adjusting means for adjusting a damping amount at which the phrase starts from the end of the preceding element.
[0022]
According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to adjust the amount of weakness, thereby giving the melody a surprisingness and enabling a unique composition.
When a function for adjusting the amount of syncopation or off-beat or a function for executing accent movement to the back beat is added as an adjusting means, the rhythm inherent in the melody further changes.
[0023]
In the automatic music composition device according to the invention of claim 7, further, the element has an attribute as a tonic, a subdominant, a dominant, or a proxy code thereof, and the functional block includes an attribute of each element having the attribute. It is characterized by being constituted by a combination.
[0024]
According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, composition is facilitated by adding a function code having the above attribute to each element. In particular, by providing the above attributes, it is possible to classify each music type, thereby improving user convenience.
[0025]
In the automatic music composition method according to the present invention, a function block selected from a plurality of function blocks having a plurality of elements including function code information may be extracted. Executing at least one of a step of performing an additional change process of a functional block and an adjustment of a pitch and an adjustment of a melody rhythm to an element constituting the functional block. And generating note information based on the function code information.
[0026]
An automatic music composition method according to a ninth aspect of the present invention includes a step of selecting music type information stored in a template, and a function block stored corresponding to the music type information, the function block including function code information. Extracting one or more functional blocks from a plurality of functional blocks having a plurality of elements; and adjusting at least one of pitch adjustment and melody rhythm adjustment for the elements constituting the functional blocks. Executing, based on the execution result, generating note information based on the function code information in the element, generating a music signal based on the note information, and synchronizing with the music signal Displaying the note information together with an element identification display; and executing a new function block addition change for the extracted function block. Characterized in that it comprises a flop.
[0027]
A program according to the invention of claim 11 is a program for an automatic music composition device, comprising: a process of selecting music type information stored in a template; and a functional block stored corresponding to the music type information. Extracting one or more function blocks from a plurality of function blocks having a plurality of elements including function code information, and adjusting a pitch and a melody rhythm of the elements constituting the function blocks. Executing at least one of the above, based on the execution result, a process of generating note information based on the function code information in the element, a process of generating a music signal based on the note information, Displaying the note information together with an element identification display in synchronization with the music signal; and adding a new function block to the extracted function block Characterized in that to execute a process for performing further the computer.
[0028]
According to the ninth and eleventh aspects of the present invention, first, music type information is selected by using a template, a functional block of the music type is extracted, and then a pitch or a pitch is determined for each element of the functional block. Perform rhythm adjustment. As a result, the created note information is played and checked for each element identified and displayed in synchronization, and thereafter, the desired element is edited.
[0029]
By inputting a click or the like to an element identified and displayed, the element information is stored, and convenience is further improved by providing a means that can be confirmed later.
[0030]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of the automatic music composition apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, an automatic music composition apparatus 1 includes an arithmetic unit 2 for executing arithmetic processing relating to composition, a storage unit 3 for storing various data necessary for composition, an input unit 4 for inputting data to the arithmetic unit 2, and an arithmetic operation. It comprises a display unit 5 for displaying the result and an output unit 6 for outputting a music performance. The arithmetic unit 2 includes an input / output processing unit 21 that exchanges data with the input unit 4, the display unit 5, and the output unit 6, a function block extraction unit 22 that performs a function block extraction process, and a Block editing means 23 capable of editing a new function block by adding a new function block, adjusting means 24 for adjusting the pitch and rhythm of the elements constituting the function block, and generating a music signal based on note information. And musical note information display means 26 for displaying the position of the element being played in synchronization with the music signal. Further, the storage unit 31 has a type information file 31, an element file 32, a condition setting file 33, and a note information file 34.
[0031]
In the present embodiment, the automatic music composition device 1 normally operates by executing an application program on a user's computer. Further, a melody structure to be created is created and added in units of functional blocks (for example, passages), and a melody or a musical note is generated for each element (for example, a bar) in the block based on the adjustment and setting described below. Note that the following description is based on the premise that one functional block has one passage and four bars.
[0032]
Next, the operation of the automatic music composition device 1 will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. When the automatic composition device 1 starts its operation, the function block extraction means 22 is started based on a composition start request input from the input section 4 via the input / output processing means 21. In FIG. 2, when activated, the function block extraction unit 22 outputs music type information such as Latin or blues type and, if there are a plurality of patterns for each type, to the display unit 5 (S101). ). When music type information and pattern information are input from the user via the input unit 4 (S102), the input information is referred to the type information file 31 shown in FIG. Are extracted (S103). In the input waiting process of step 102, the timeout process is not particularly specified, but may be performed as needed.
[0033]
Next, in FIG. 3, when the function block editing means 23 is activated via the input unit 4, one of addition, deletion, and change of a function block is selected via the input unit 4 (S201), and the additional In this case, the instruction information of the additional position is input next (S202), and the information is added to the specified position in functional block units or element units. The function block is selected from the template, and when added in element units, a function code (chord information) can be set (S203). If there is another functional block or element to be added, the process from step S202 is repeated (S204). Otherwise, if there is no other functional block to be added, deleted, or changed (S205), the process ends. .
[0034]
In step S201, when deletion is selected, the function block or element to be deleted is specified (S206), the deletion process is executed (S207), and if there is another function block or element to be deleted, the step is performed. The processing after S206 is repeated (S208), and if not, the process proceeds to step S205.
[0035]
If a change is selected in step S201, a function block or an element to be changed is specified (S209), and a change process is executed (S210). Then, if there is another functional block or element to be changed, the processing after step S209 is repeated (S211), and if not, the flow proceeds to step S205.
[0036]
Here, in the element file 32 of FIG. 8, each element (measure) in each musical functional block is given a name such as “KI”, “SOU”, “TOU”, and “YU”, As a function, tonic (I) or its surrogate code (IIIm, VIm) is assigned to element “ki”, and surrogate code (IIIm, VIm) or subdominant (IV, IIm) is assigned to element “sho”. The sub-dominant (IV) or the dominant (V) and its surrogate code are assigned to the “inversion”, and the dominant (V) or the subdominant (IV) or the tonic or the surrogate code thereof (I, IIIm, VIm). Note that the correspondence between the name and the function code changes depending on the types of the elements before and after. For example, if the code I is before the code V, the code I is “tied” (dominant cadence). Note that the code I is usually “KI”. FIG. 10 shows the correspondence between the elements "KI", "SOU", "TOU", and "YU", function codes (chords), and Roman numeral notation.
[0037]
FIG. 11 shows an example of a template of a functional block (a passage). FIG. 11A shows an example of a subdominant cadence and a dominant cadence format. FIG. 11B is an example of a general blues code format. FIG. 11C shows an example of a general cyclic code format. FIG. 11D shows an example of repetition of subdominant cadence found in Latin music and the like. In this way, the combination of the functional blocks can provide a musically significant melody structure.
[0038]
Next, the operation of the adjusting means 24 will be described with reference to FIG. When activated via the input unit 4, the adjusting unit 24 first selects an element to be adjusted (S301). The choice is: 1. Select one element (measure) in a certain function block and perform it for it. 2. Do the same adjustments be made for all elements of all functional blocks? 3. whether the same adjustment is made separately for odd elements (measures) and even elements (measures) in the function block, or The function block is divided into the first half and the second half (measures 1 and 2 and measures 3 and 4), or by selecting one of the four types.
[0039]
Next, whether or not to adjust the pitch is determined based on the input from the input unit 4 (S302). When adjusting the pitch, next, selection is made of a chord tone system, a scale system, or a combination thereof. (S303), and the amount of notes in the element to be adjusted is adjusted (S304).
[0040]
Here, the chord tone system is mainly composed of constituent sounds (first, third, fifth or seventh) of the assumed function chord (chord). The scale system is a melody (phrase) made up and down of adjacent scales. Since the tone at the beginning and end of the scale basically uses a chord tone, this should be displayed by default. In addition, it is also possible to set an ascending type, a descending type, and an automatic type (automatic). As for the combination of the scale system and the chord tone system, a scale system main body, a chord tone main body or a half-and-half setting may be set.
[0041]
The musical score example in FIG. 12 is an example of adjusting the pitch, and is an example of generating a musical note based on each adjustment setting in the same functional block of the starting and turning (I-VIm-IV). Here, FIG. 12A shows an example in which the chord tone system is selected and the note amount is “small”. In this example, since the note amount is "small", the note is generated only with the fundamental tone. FIG. 12B is an example of note generation based on the selection of the chord tone system and the setting of the note amount “medium” (normal). When the note amount is increased, a note other than the fundamental tone is used and generated. (5 degrees, 3 degrees).
[0042]
The musical score example in FIG. 13 is an example of adjusting the pitch similarly to FIG. 12, but is an example in a case where a scale system is selected. FIG. 13A shows an example of the note amount “medium”. FIG. 13B is an example of the note amount “many”.
[0043]
Next, it is determined whether or not to adjust the melody rhythm based on the input of the input unit 4 (S305). When the rhythm is to be adjusted, it is determined whether or not to adjust the amount of weakness (S305). (S306) In the case of performing the adjustment, the amount of the uprising that the phrase starts from the end of the previous bar is adjusted for the target element (S307). Thereby, a new direction and unexpectedness can be given to the melody. FIG. 14 shows an example in which the chord tone system and the note amount "small" are selected. FIG. 14A shows an example in the case where no rhythm is specified. On the other hand, FIG. 14 (b) is an example of the amount of weakness “slightly small”. The encircled portion is the location where the break occurred.
[0044]
Next, it is determined whether to adjust the syncopation / off-beat amount (S308), and the adjustment is performed (S309). FIG. 15 and FIG. 16 are examples of the adjustment result.
[0045]
Here, FIG. 15A is an example without syncopation / offbeat. On the other hand, FIG. 15B shows an example in which syncopation / off-beat is present. The circled portion is the syncopation / offbeat location. The movement of the accent to the back beat creates a lively feeling.
[0046]
FIG. 16 shows another example of FIG. Here, FIG. 16A shows another example without syncopation / offbeat, and FIG. 16B shows another example with syncopation / offbeat. The circled portion is the syncopation / offbeat location.
[0047]
Next, it is determined whether or not to move the accent to the back beat (S310). If so, the accent is moved from the beginning of the beat (on beat) to the back beat (S311). As a result, the rhythm inherent in the melody changes, and various facial expressions and expressions can be given by the difference. The setting result by the above processing is stored in the condition setting file 33. FIG. 9 shows an example of the condition setting file 33.
[0048]
Next, a note information file 34 is generated based on the data of the condition setting file 33 by the note generation processing, and stored in the storage unit 3 (S312).
[0049]
When activated by the input unit 4, the playing unit 25 extracts the note information stored in the storage unit 3 (S401) and activates the note information display unit 26 (S402). Then, the musical note information is converted into a music signal (S403), and the music signal is output to the speaker (output unit 6) (S404).
[0050]
When activated, the note information display means 26 outputs note information to the display (display unit 5) (S501).
[0051]
According to the present embodiment, the user first determines the musically correct or musically balanced flow and progress by creating and adding each functional block, and then, for each element in the functional block, Then, the pitch and the rhythm of the melody are adjusted to generate a melody and a note. Thus, the user can create a unique melody.
[0052]
In the present embodiment, since a template of a function block having a plurality of elements including function code information is used, the user can add a function block using this template, Can be added, and a function code can be set for each element.
[0053]
Further, by the adjustment processing by the adjusting means, it is possible to individualize the melody constituent blocks that have a musical meaning.
[0054]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, first, the function block is selected, and then the pitch and rhythm are adjusted for the elements included in the function block. Even a simple user can create a musically meaningful and unique melody with a simple operation.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an automatic music composition apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of a function block extracting unit of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a processing procedure of a functional block editing unit of FIG. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the adjusting means of FIG. 1; FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the playing means of FIG. 1; FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the note information display means of FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the data structure of the type information file of FIG. 1 [FIG. 8] An explanatory diagram of the data structure of the element file of FIG. 1 [FIG. 9] An explanatory diagram of the condition setting file of FIG. FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a correspondence relationship between a function code and attribute information according to the first embodiment. FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of an example of a template according to the first embodiment of the present invention. dominant· 11 (b) is a sequence diagram of a general blues code format, FIG. 11 (c) is a sequence diagram of a general cyclic code format, and FIG. 11 (d) is a subdominant. FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of an example of pitch adjustment, FIG. 12 (a) is an explanatory diagram of a chord tone system with a small amount of notes, and FIG. 12 (b) is an explanatory diagram of a chord tone system. FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of an example of adjusting the pitch, FIG. 13 (a) is an explanatory diagram of a musical note in a musical scale, and FIG. 13 (b) is a musical note in a musical scale. FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of a rhythm adjustment example, FIG. 14 (a) is an explanatory diagram of no rhythm designation, and FIG. 14 (b) is a description of a case where the amount of weakness is slightly small. FIG. 15 is an explanatory view of an example of rhythm adjustment, and FIG. 15A shows a case without syncopation / offbeat. FIG. 15 (b) is an explanatory diagram with syncopation / offbeat. FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of a rhythm adjustment example. FIG. 16 (a) is another explanatory diagram without syncopation / offbeat. FIG. 15B is another explanatory diagram in the case where syncopation / off-beat is present.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Automatic composition apparatus, 2 ... Operation part, 3 ... Storage part, 4 ... Input part, 5 ... Display part, 6 ... Output part, 21 ... Input / output processing means, 22 ... Function block extraction means, 23 ... Function block editing Means 24 adjusting means 25 playing means 26 note information display means 31 type information file 32 element file 33 condition setting file 34 note information file

Claims (11)

Function block extracting means for extracting a selected function block from a plurality of function blocks having a plurality of elements including function code information, and adding or changing a new function block to the extracted function block is possible A function block editing unit and at least one of a pitch adjustment and a melody rhythm adjustment for an element constituting the function block are executed, and based on the execution result, the function code information in the element is used. And an adjusting means for generating note information. 2. A musical instrument according to claim 1, further comprising: playing means for generating a music signal based on said note information; and note information displaying means for displaying said note information together with an element identification display in synchronization with said music signal. Automatic composition device as described. The automatic music composition apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the function block is registered in a template for each music type. The adjusting means includes a chord tone type mainly composed of chord constituent tones, a scale type mainly composed of ascending and descending scales of melody adjacent to each other, the chord tone type and the scale type. 4. A method according to claim 1, further comprising a note amount setting means for setting a certain amount of note amount for each element of any one of the selected mixed types. The automatic music composition device according to claim 1. 5. The device according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting unit includes a unit that collectively sets an odd or even element, or a unit that collectively sets a first half or a second half of a functional block. 6. The automatic music composition device according to claim 1. The automatic music composition apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting unit includes an upset amount adjusting unit that adjusts an upset amount at which a phrase starts from the end of a previous element. The said element has an attribute as a tonic, a subdominant, a dominant, or those proxy code, The said functional block is comprised from the combination of each element which has the said attribute, The Claims 1 thru | or 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. 7. The automatic music composition device according to any one of 6. Extracting a selected function block from among a plurality of function blocks having a plurality of elements including function code information; and performing a new function block addition / change process on the extracted function block. Performs at least one of pitch adjustment and melody rhythm adjustment for the elements that compose the functional block, and generates note information based on the function code information in the element based on the execution result. Performing the automatic composition method. Selecting music type information stored in the template; and selecting from among a plurality of functional blocks that are stored in correspondence with the music type information and have a plurality of elements including function code information. Extracting one or more functional blocks; and performing at least one of a pitch adjustment and a melody rhythm adjustment on the elements constituting the functional blocks. Generating note information based on the function code information, generating a music signal based on the note information, and displaying the note information together with an element identification display in synchronization with the music signal. Performing an additional change of a new functional block for the extracted functional block. Law. A program for an automatic composer, a process for extracting a selected functional block from a plurality of functional blocks having a plurality of elements including function code information, and a new functional block for the extracted functional block. Performing at least one of pitch adjustment and melody rhythm adjustment for the elements that make up the function block, and executing the function code in the element based on the execution result. A program for causing a computer to execute a process of generating note information based on information. A process of selecting music type information stored in a template, and a function block stored in correspondence with the music type information, the function block including a plurality of elements including function code information. A process of extracting one or more functional blocks from among a plurality of functional blocks having at least one of executing a pitch adjustment and a melody rhythm adjustment for an element constituting the functional block. A process of generating note information based on function code information in an element based on the execution result, a process of generating a music signal based on the note information, and a process of synchronizing with the music signal. Is displayed on the computer together with an element identification display and a process of adding or changing a new functional block to the extracted functional block. Program to be.

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