JP2004162325A

JP2004162325A - Impervious construction method for controlling revetment

Info

Publication number: JP2004162325A
Application number: JP2002327801A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Takatsu Wagi; 多克和木; Masami Origasa; 正美折笠; Mitsuru Nonoda; 充野々田; Takahiko Ito; 隆彦伊藤; Katsuo Matsuzaki; 勝夫松崎; Hiroshi Nakano; 浩中野
Original assignee: Nippon Road Co Ltd; Taisei Rotec Corp; Japan Sea Works Co Ltd; World Engineering Co
Current assignee: Nippon Road Co Ltd; Taisei Rotec Corp; Japan Sea Works Co Ltd; World Engineering Co
Priority date: 2002-11-12
Filing date: 2002-11-12
Publication date: 2004-06-10

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To favorably develop an impervious property by erecting a steel sheet pile in a continuous wall shape in a partitioning revetment and filling an impervious material in between the joint part between the steel sheet piles and the sheet pile body, in a waste disposal field constructed on the reclaimed seasurface. <P>SOLUTION: In a continuous impervious wall 2 where steel sheet piles are erected to construct a continuous wall-shape, wide-flange shape steels 10, 10a having different shaped joint members are erected adjacently and a channel steel 15 and an angle steel 16 are combined in the joint 14 to form a space 18 of the joint. Impervious materials 25, 26 are filled in the space 19 between the joint space 18 and the body to develop the impervious performance between shaped steels. Meanwhile, an earth base impervious material is used for the filling material as the impervious material 25 to additionally provide a means always maintaining water. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、鋼製矢板を立設（打設もしくは埋設）して、連続壁状に構築する廃棄物海洋処分場の管理型護岸の遮水壁に関し、特に、鋼製矢板の本体部および継手部での遮水処理方法に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
産業廃棄物や一般廃棄物を海面埋め立て処分するための処分場を構築するに際しては、予定された海面埋立地を区画する護岸を構築して、外海と遮断した埋め立て処分場内に廃棄物を投棄している。前記仕切り護岸としては、鋼（管）矢板式護岸、ケーソン式護岸、捨石式護岸等が知られている。前記廃棄物の埋め立て処分場を区画する仕切り護岸には、処分場内の保有水が外海に浸出しないように、仕切り護岸の本体に、もしくは独立した部分に遮水処理を施すとともに、処分場を構築する区域の海底地盤に対して必要に応じて遮水処理を行うことが求められている。前述したような遮水処理を施した護岸を構築するために、従来より、遮水シート工法の他に、主に鋼管矢板や他の任意の断面形状の矢板等の、鋼材を用いた鋼製矢板を列状に打設もしくは埋設する等の手段を用いる。なお、以下に説明する本発明においては、前記矢板類の打設または埋設を総称して「立設」と呼ぶ。そして、前記隣接させて立設して壁状に構築する矢板等の間で、その継手部材が係合もしくは嵌合する部分の内部に空間部を設けて、その空間部にアスファルト混合物やモルタル、その他の遮水性能を発揮可能な充填材を充填して、遮水壁を構成する鋼（管）矢板の間での遮水性を発揮させる方法が提案されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。
【０００３】
【特許文献１】
特開平８−１５１６３０号公報
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところが、前記従来例に示されているように、鋼管パイルの両側部に雌雄形状の継手部材を設けて、前記継手部材を組み合わせて遮水部を構成し、前記遮水部となる空間部の内部にアスファルト混合物等の遮水材を充満させる方法では、継手部に十分に大きな断面積を有する空間部を形成しておかないと、遮水材を完全に充填することが困難である。また、鋼管矢板以外の他の断面形状の鋼製の矢板を用いる場合に、前記矢板の両側に内外の壁から延長した端部に継手部材を形成し、隣接する矢板を前記継手部材を接合して連続壁として構築する場合にも、前記矢板の継手部材の構造が複雑であることと、接合する継手部の形状・寸法の制約から、施工時の自由度の確保がむずかしいことの他、継手部分での遮水処理が面倒であるという問題が残る。さらに、前記汎用性と実績のある鋼（管）矢板以外の鋼製矢板等のような特殊な構造を有する矢板類は、大量生産に向いていないために、その鋼材の単価が非常に高いものであることから、そのような特殊構造の鋼（管）矢板を使用する遮水壁は、構築（工事）コストを大幅に高くする原因ともなっている。
【０００５】
本発明は、前述したような従来の鋼製矢板類を用いて構築する遮水壁において、構築コストを低減させるとともに、継手部での遮水性を良好に発揮できる方法を提供することを目的とし、さらに、市販のＨ形鋼、Ｉ形鋼、鋼管もしくは角形鋼管等のような汎用性のある材料で、任意の構造寸法にビルトアップすることのできる鋼製矢板を用いて、低コストの遮水壁を構築する方法と、鉛直な遮水層での遮水性を維持させる方法とを提供することを目的としている。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、海岸に沿って、または海域に予定された廃棄物の埋立地の周囲を囲うように、鋼製矢板を連続させて立設して遮水壁を構築する管理型護岸に関する。請求項１の発明は、前記遮水壁の法線方向に対応させた鋼製矢板の両端部に継手部材を設け、前記継手部材は、２つの隣接する鋼製矢板を組み合わせて継手を構成する際に、継手部内部に空間を形成可能に構成したものを用い、前記矢板部材を隣接させて立設して連続壁として構築した後で、前記鋼製矢板の本体の間の空間部と継手部の空間部、または継手部の空間部、もしくは本体の間の空間部に対して遮水材を充填して、遮水壁として構成することを特徴とする。
【０００７】
請求項２の発明は、前記鋼製矢板として同サイズのＨ形鋼を用い、前記遮水壁の厚さ方向に対応させたＨ形鋼の厚さ方向で、平行なフランジの両端部に継手部材を各々設け、前記Ｈ形鋼に設ける継手部材として、外側継手部材を各フランジの端部に各々突出させて設けたものと、内側継手部材を各フランジの両端部に設けたもの、との２種類のＨ形鋼を用い、
前記継手部材の構成が異なる２種類のＨ形鋼を交互に立設して、前記各Ｈ形鋼の継手部材を組み合わせて遮水壁を構築し、前記立設した鋼製矢板の間では、前記鋼製矢板の本体の間の空間部と継手部の空間部、または継手部の空間部、もしくは本体の間の空間部に対して遮水材を充填して、遮水処理を施すことを特徴とする。
【０００８】
請求項３の発明は、前記鋼製矢板として大小のサイズの異なるＨ形鋼を用い、大サイズの鋼製矢板には、そのフランジの両端部の内側に継手部材を設け、小サイズの鋼製矢板には、そのフランジの両端部の外側に継手部材を設け、前記大小サイズの鋼製矢板を継手部材を組み合わせるように交互に立設して連続壁を構築し、前記鋼製矢板の間には、前記鋼製矢板の本体の間の空間部と継手部の空間部、または継手部の空間部、もしくは本体の間の空間部に対して遮水材を充填して、遮水処理を施すことを特徴とする。
【０００９】
請求項４の発明は、前記鋼製矢板としてＨ形鋼もしくはＩ形鋼を用い、前記鋼製矢板の各フランジの両端部に外側継手部材を各々突出させて設けたものと、前記鋼製矢板の各フランジの両端部に内側継手部材を各々設けたもの、との２種類の鋼製矢板を用意し、前記２種類の鋼製矢板を交互に隣接させて立設し、前記２種類の継手部材を組み合わせるようにして連続壁を構築するとともに、前記立設した鋼製矢板の間では、前記鋼製矢板の本体の間の空間部と継手部の空間部、または継手部の空間部、もしくは本体の間の空間部に対して遮水材を充填して遮水処理を施すことを特徴とする。
【００１０】
請求項５の発明は、前記鋼製矢板として中空断面を有する箱形部材もしくは円形部材を用い、前記中空部材を用いた鋼製矢板の両側部には一対の溝形鋼を用いた継手部材をそれぞれ突出させて取り付け、前記継手部材としての溝形鋼において、交互に立設する一方の鋼製矢板では、溝を内側に向けて取り付けた継手部材とし、他方の中空部材を用いた鋼製矢板では、溝を外側に向けて取り付けた継手部材として各々構成し、前記２種類の鋼製矢板を、継手部材を組み合わせるように交互に立設して連続壁を構築した後で、前記前記鋼製矢板の本体の間の空間部と継手部の空間部、または継手部の空間部、もしくは本体の間の空間部に対して遮水材を充填して、遮水処理を施すことを特徴とする。
【００１１】
請求項６の発明は、鋼製矢板を継手部材を用いて連接させて立設して、大径の円筒形状の鋼製矢板のセルを構築し、前記鋼製矢板の継手部に遮水処理を施して遮水壁として構成し、前記鋼製矢板のセルを所定の間隔を介して、または隣接させて列状に配置し、前記列状に配置する鋼製矢板のセルの間を、曲面状に鋼製矢板を立設させて構成するアーク部材により接続し、前記アーク部材による接続部とセルとの間に形成される空間の内部に、遮水材を充満させて遮水処理を施すことを特徴とする。
【００１２】
請求項７の発明は、前記遮水壁として構築したセルと、アーク部材とを列状に構築した管理型護岸において、前記セルの内部とアーク部材に囲まれた内部の各々に、廃棄物、土質材料、石材系材料もしくは遮水材を充填することを特徴とする。
【００１３】
請求項８の発明は、前記鋼製矢板を立設して連続壁を構築した後で、前記鋼製矢板の間の空間と、前記矢板本体もしくは継手部の間の空間部の各々に充填する遮水材として、アスファルト混合物もしくは土質系の遮水材のいずれか１つ、または、前記２種類の遮水材料を複合させて充填することを特徴とする。
【００１４】
請求項９の発明は、前記鋼製矢板の間の空間と、前記矢板本体もしくは継手部の空間部の各々のうち、小さな断面の空間部には、土質系の遮水材を充填材として充填し、前記空間部のうちの大きな空間部に充填する遮水材として、アスファルト混合物を用いることを特徴とする。
【００１５】
請求項１０の発明は、前記鋼製矢板の間の空間と、前記矢板本体もしくは継手部の間の空間部の各々に充填する土質系の遮水材は、粘土質の材料にベントナイトのような間隙調整材を添加して遮水性を高めたものに、材料の分離を防ぐためのゲル化材もしくは水分と流動性を調整する材料とを、適宜比率で混合したものを用いることを特徴とする。
【００１６】
請求項１１の発明は、前記鋼製矢板の間の継手部空間と、前記矢板本体もしくは継手部の間の空間部に、土質系の遮水材を充填するに際して、前記充填した遮水材の上部にアスファルト混合物もしくはコンクリート、モルタルのような、比重が大きくて不透水性と遮水性の材料を配置して、圧力を付与する手段もしくは、脱水を防止する手段として用いることを特徴とする。
【００１７】
請求項１２の発明は、前記土質系の遮水材を充填して構成する遮水層に対して、水または添加材成分を供給する手段と押圧手段とのいずれか１つまたは、前記２つの手段を複合して設け、前記遮水層の遮水材に対して水分を適宜供給するとともに、遮水性を維持させるようにすることを特徴とする。
【００１８】
請求項１３の発明は、前記遮水層を構成する土質系充填材に対して、水分または流動性を発揮する材料を供給するために、前記遮水層の上から所定の深さまで達する透水性を有する筒状の部材を埋設して設け、前記筒状の部材内部での水位が所定の高さとなるよう、水位の調節を行うことを特徴とする。
【００１９】
前述したように構成する鋼製矢板を用いて連続遮水壁を構築することにより、鋼製矢板の間での遮水性を良好に維持でき、埋立地内部で廃棄物から生じる汚水、いわゆる保有水を、埋立地内に封じ込めることができる。また、前記鋼製矢板としてＨ形鋼やＩ形鋼、型鋼材もしくは鋼管パイプ状の中空断面を有する鋼材等のような、市販されている価格の安い鋼材を用いるのであり、継手部の鋼製接続部材としても、市販の形鋼を加工するので、仕切り護岸の構築コストを低くすることが可能である。そして、前記鋼製矢板を隣接させて立設して連続壁として構築した後で、前記鋼製矢板の本体の間の空間部と継手部の空間部、または継手部の空間部、もしくは本体の間の空間部に対して、遮水処理を必要とする空間部の全部または、その選択した部分に遮水材を充填することにより、遮水壁としての性能を長期間に亘って発揮させることができる。
【００２０】
さらに、前記鋼製矢板の間と、継手部の空間等のように、鋼製矢板本体の間で水が流れる恐れのある空間部に対して、任意の種類の異なる遮水材を充填する場合には、各々の充填空間に対する遮水材の充填作業を良好な状態で行い得るものとなる。その他に、土質系の充填遮水材に対して、水分もしくは有機系溶媒等を維持・補給する手段と、押圧手段とを用いる場合、または、水分または有機系溶媒等を維持・補給する手段、もしくは押圧手段のいずれかの補助的な手段を設けることにより、長期間に亘って遮水性を維持できる。したがって、土質系の充填遮水材が脱水されて固化したり、クラックが発生したりすることおよび体積が減少すること等の、遮水材にとって最も不都合な状態が生じることを防止して、遮水性を良好に維持できるものとされ、遮水材の耐久性を良好に発揮することができる。
【００２１】
【発明の実施の形態】
図示する例にしたがって、本発明の管理型護岸の遮水工法を説明する。図１に示す例は、鋼製矢板を立設して構築する遮水壁による管理型護岸１の例を示しているもので、前記護岸１は、廃棄物埋め立て地を区画するように構築される。図示する例において、前記護岸１の内外の両側の遮水壁部として、遮水壁２、２ａを鋼製矢板を列状に打設して構築し、前記連続壁として構築した遮水壁２、２ａを前記所定の間隔を介して各々配置して、二重の遮水壁として遮水性能を発揮させ得るように構築する。前記遮水壁２……を構成する際には、海底地盤の透水層または軟弱な地盤４を貫通させ、不透水層３に対して所定の深さまで達するように貫入させて、鋼製矢板を打設または埋設して構築する。
【００２２】
そして、後述するように、鋼製矢板の継手部の部分に対して遮水材料を充満させ、さらに、鋼製矢板の間の隙間に対しても遮水材料を充満させて、不透水性の壁として構築し、前記護岸１により区画された内側海域を、廃棄物投棄用の埋立地７として活用する。なお、一般に鋼製矢板を海底地盤中に立設して壁状の遮水壁を構築するに際しては、ハンマーにより打ち込む手段や振動と押圧力を付与しながら地中に押し込む手段の他に、スクリュー掘削機等を用いて地中に設けた縦孔に、鋼製矢板を圧入して立設する等の手段が用いられる。そこで、以下に説明する本発明においては、前記鋼製矢板の打設または埋設等の手段を総称して立設と呼んで説明するが、前記矢板の立設という説明には、従来の埋設、打設等の打ち込む動作を、特に限定することなしに説明するものである。
【００２３】
前記図１に示す護岸１では、所定の間隔をおいて構築される遮水壁２、２ａの間には、例えば、粘土等の不透水性材料や、良質な砂質系土を中詰めし、その上面にコンクリートやアスファルト舗装する等の表面処理を行うのが一般的である。なお、前記護岸１の外側の側面に沿わせて捨石護岸を構築して、外海側からの荒波に対応させることや、別途ケーソン等の構造物を構築することも可能である。また、内側の遮水壁２に沿わせて不透水性の捨て土等を積み重ねて、埋立地７に埋め立てた廃棄物から浸出する汚水が、鋼製矢板としての鋼材に直接接することを阻止し、鋼材を腐食させる等の悪影響を与えないような処理を施しても良いことは、従来一般の遮水壁の場合と同様に構成可能である。前記図１に示す例において、海の潮汐の高低潮位（Ｈ．Ｗ．Ｌ）または（Ｌ．Ｗ．Ｌ）、埋立地の管理水位（Ｃ．Ｗ．Ｌ）および、仕切り護岸の遮水層の間での残留水位（Ｒ．Ｗ．Ｌ）に対応させて、以下に説明するように、継手部に遮水材を充填するレベルを設定する。
【００２４】
前記遮水壁２は、図２以降の各実施例に示すように、多数本の鋼製矢板を壁状に立設して、前記鋼製矢板の接続部の間から水が流通しないような遮水処理を施して構築される。図２に示す例は、鋼製矢板としてＨ形鋼１０を用いて、遮水壁２を構築する場合を説明しているが、２列の遮水壁２、２ａを構築する際に、他方の遮水壁２ａに関しても、遮水壁２と同様な工法を用いて構築すれば、より遮水性の高い広義の意味での二重遮水構造となる。前記鋼製矢板として用いるＨ形鋼１０は、市販されている巾の広いフランジ１２をウエブ１１により接続した形状のものを使用することができるもので、そのＨ形鋼のサイズやウエブ、フランジの厚さ等のその他の条件は、構築する遮水壁に作用する外力条件や、遮水材の充填に対する施工条件等や、腐食に対する耐用年数により、その形状・構造に対応させて、任意のサイズの形鋼材料を用いることが可能である。
【００２５】
前記Ｈ形鋼１０を用いて遮水壁２を構築するに際して、継手の構造の異なる２種類のＨ形鋼１０と１０ａ……を順次組み合わせて立設し、隣接するＨ形鋼の間を継手部１４を介して接続する手段を用いている。前記継手部１４を形成するために、Ｈ形鋼１０には、フランジ１２、１２ａのそれぞれの両端部に、溝形鋼による継手外側部材１５を各々溶接部Ｃを介して取り付け、前記形鋼のコの字状の開口部を内側に向けるように設ける。また、隣接させるＨ形鋼１０ａには、それぞれのフランジの両端部に、山形鋼で構成される継手内側部材１６を溶接部Ｃを介して固着し、山形鋼の一方の部材をフランジと平行に、他方の部材をフランジに直角に外側に向けて突出させるように固定している。
【００２６】
そして、前記フランジの端部に継手外側部材１５と継手内側部材１６とを各々設けたＨ形鋼１０、１０ａ……を、交互に隣接させて立設して、継手部１４……を介して接続するように配置することにより、連続壁状の遮水壁２を構築する。前記鋼製矢板を立設して遮水壁２を構築するに際しては、まず、Ｈ形鋼１０を所定の深さまで立設し、そのＨ形鋼１０の両側に隣接させて、同サイズのＨ形鋼１０ａを各々立設するが、次に隣接させるＨ形鋼１０ａを立設するに際しては、最初に立設したＨ形鋼１０の両側に取り付けている継手外側部材１５の内部に、次に打ち込むＨ形鋼１０ａの継手内側部材１６を案内させて組み合わせるようにする。つまり、前記Ｈ形鋼１０、１０ａを隣接させて立設する際には、先に打ち込んでいるＨ形鋼１０の継手外側部材１５とフランジの外面とを、Ｈ形鋼１０ａの継手内側部材１６に対するガイド部材として利用し、前記継手内側部材１６が継手外側部材１５により規制される状態とされる。したがって、前記継手部１４……を構成する継手外側部材１５と継手外側部材１６とをガイドとして用いながら、鋼製矢板としてのＨ形鋼を隣接させて立設することで、隣接するＨ形鋼の間に、遮水性を確保できないような隙間が生じないように立設して、連続壁としての遮水壁２を構築することができる。
【００２７】
前述したようにして、Ｈ形鋼を連続させて立設し、連続壁状に遮水壁２を構築すると、各Ｈ形鋼１０、１０ａの間では、継手部１４の内部に継手空間１８が、Ｈ形鋼の本体の間には形鋼間空間１９がそれぞれ形成される。また、前記継手空間１８、形鋼間空間１９の内部には、Ｈ形鋼を立設した際に排除できなかった土等が入り込んだ状態となる。そこで、前記継手空間１８および形鋼間空間１９の中の土を、ウオータジェットでほぐして泥状化させ、エアリフト等を用いて上端部から排出させる等の排土作用を行って、土が排除されて水が充満された空間とする。その後に、前記水が充満されている空間のうち、狭い断面の継手空間１８には、粘土やモルタル、コンクリート等の比較的流動性が大きく、先端部から遮水材を充填可能な注入工法により遮水材２５を充填して、遮水作用を持たせるような処理を施す。また、広い空間として形成される形鋼間空間１９には、アスファルト混合物等の流動性が大きく、外圧が付与されて変形したとしても、その変形に追随して流動性を維持でき、継手空間内部に隙間が形成されないような本体部充填遮水材２６による遮水性のコラムを形成する。
【００２８】
図３に示す例は、前記図２に説明した鋼製矢板と同様に、形状の異なる継手部材を設けた２種類のＨ形鋼１０と１０ａ……を順次組み合わせて、隣接するＨ形鋼の間を継手部１４を介して接続するが、前記図２とは、継手内側部材１６の形状が異なるものを用いている。すなわち、Ｈ形鋼１０ａの両側のフランジ１２の両端部に設ける継手内側部材１６の長い方の部材を、フランジに溶接部Ｃを介して固着し、短い方の部材を矢板のフランジに対して外側に直角に突出させるように設けて、継手部材として用いるようにする。
【００２９】
そして、前記Ｈ形鋼１０、１０ａの継手部１４では、前記図２の例と同様に、継手外側部材１５の自由側端部がＨ形鋼１０ａのフランジの外側面に接し、継手内側部材１６の内側の面が、隣接させて立設するＨ形鋼１０のフランジの外面に接するように組み合わせられ、外側に向けては小さな隙間が形成される状態で、ほぼ密封された継手空間１８が形成される。また、Ｈ形鋼１０、１０ａの間に形成される形鋼間空間１９では、鋼材自体が水を通さない性質を有する材料であり、Ｈ形鋼のフランジが隣接される両端部では、継手部１４により止水されているものである。したがって、前記継手部１４の継手空間１８が継手部充填材２５により遮水処理されることで、形鋼間空間１９には水が流通することはないものと推定される。前記Ｈ形鋼の間に形成される形鋼間空間１９にも、長期間の流動性を発揮可能なアスファルト混合物等の本体部充填遮水材２６を充填して、遮水性をより向上させるようにする。
【００３０】
図４に示す例は、前記図２、３に説明した鋼製矢板の実施例と同様に、一方のＨ形鋼１０には溝形鋼による継手外側部材１５を取付け、他方のＨ形鋼１０ａには玉平形鋼のごとき板状の板状材１７を溶接部Ｃにより取り付けている。つまり、前記２つの実施例と異なる点は、山形鋼を用いずに、所定の厚さの板状材１７を用いているものであって、前記板状材１７を突条等を設けて補強したものを用いることで、鋼製矢板の立設に際してのガイド部材としての性能と、継手空間１８での封止作用を良好に発揮できるように構成している。そして、前記図４の例においても、継手部１４……を介してＨ形鋼を列状に立設したものに対して、前記Ｈ形鋼の間に形成される継手空間１８と、形鋼間空間１９に遮水性を発揮する材料を充填して、継ぎ目の部分での遮水処理を施し、遮水壁としての性能を発揮できるようにする。
【００３１】
図５に示す例は、鋼製矢板としてＨ形鋼を用いる際の継手部の別の例を説明しているもので、隣接させて立設するＨ形鋼１０と、１０ａの各々に、異なる構造の継手部を設けておき、前記２つの継手部を組み合わせて継手部２０を構成するようにしている。前記継手部２０を構成するために、一方のＨ形鋼１０の両側のフランジの両端部には保持部材２１を各々設けておき、他方のＨ形鋼１０ａの平行なフランジの両端部には、端部板２４を直交するように溶接部により固定し、略Ｔ字状のものとして構成している。前記保持部材２１は、フランジの端部の表裏の両面に、所定の厚さの板材２２、２２ａを介して板部材２３、２３ａを平行に取り付け、その先端部には、間隔Ｈを形成するように突部を形成している。
【００３２】
前記保持部材２１において、フランジと板材２２、２２ａとにより形成される継手空間１８は、できるだけ大きい空間とすることが望ましいものであり、後で内部に遮水材を容易に充填することができる。また、前記板部材２３、２３ａの先端部の突部を対向させて形成する隙間Ｈを、Ｈ形鋼１０ａのフランジの厚さに対応させて形成すれば、前記Ｈ形鋼１０ａのフランジを板部材の突部の間で押圧する状態となるので、継手部における保持部材２１と端部板２４との組み合わせ部で、継手空間１８から外に向けて形成される隙間がほとんどない状態となる。さらに、前記端部板２４が板部材２３の先端部の突部に近接するように位置させて組み合わせると、止水（遮水）状態をより良く維持できるものとなる。
【００３３】
前記図２〜５に示した各実施例においては、同一サイズのＨ形鋼を用いて、隣接させて構築する形鋼のフランジを突き合わせる状態で、その突き合わせ部に継手部を形成する方法を説明した。前記各実施例とは別に、図６に示す例では、連続させて立設するＨ形鋼を、２種類のサイズの異なるものを使用して、遮水壁２Ａを構築している。そして、大サイズのＨ形鋼３０の両側のフランジ３２、３２ａの間に、小サイズのＨ形鋼３５を入り込ませるように立設し、大小サイズのＨ形鋼３０、３５の間に継手部３３、３３ａを形成できるようにしている。前記遮水壁２Ａを構築するに際して、大サイズのＨ形鋼３０には、そのフランジ３２、３２ａの内面の対向する側に、大径溝形部材３４、３４ａをそれぞれ取り付けており、前記大径溝形部材３４を２つのＬ形鋼を溶接部Ｃにより固定して設け、前記Ｌ形鋼の突出部の間に、小径溝形部材３８を挿入させるようにしている。なお、前記Ｈ形鋼３０、３５において、ウエブ３１、３６と、フランジ３２、３７の肉厚は任意のものを使用可能であり、いずれも市販の定型サイズのものを用いることが可能である。
【００３４】
前記大サイズのＨ形鋼３０に組み合わせる小サイズのＨ形鋼３５においては、そのフランジ３７、３７ａの外側の面に、溝形鋼による小径溝形部材３８を固定して取り付けている。前記小径溝形部材３８の突部材の間隔は、前記大径溝形部材３４の突部材の間隔よりは狭く形成されるが、可能であれば、大径溝形部材３４の内面の巾Ｗに対して、小径溝形部材３８の外面の巾Ｗ１がほぼ等しいものとすれば、Ｈ形鋼を立設する際のガイドとしての性能を良好に発揮でき、継手部の隙間を小さく形成することが可能となる。また、前記内面の巾Ｗに対して他の部材の巾Ｗ１が小さい値とされる場合でも、図示するように、対向する突部を接触させるようにして立設すれば、継手空間１８から外側に形成される隙間を小さくすることが可能である。なお、前記Ｈ形鋼を使用する遮水壁の例において、前記Ｈ形鋼に代えてＩ形鋼を使用することも可能であり、前記Ｉ形鋼を使用する場合においても、前記Ｈ形鋼の場合と同様に、任意のサイズのフランジとウエブを有する材料を鋼製矢板として用いる。そして、前記Ｉ形鋼のフランジの両端部に継手部材を各々取り付け、隣接させて立設する鋼製矢板の間で、継手部材を組み合わせるようにして遮水壁を構築することができる。前記Ｈ形鋼とＩ形鋼は、一般に、フランジの巾の大小により区分されていると考えられるが、基本的な構造には大きな相違点はないともいえる。
【００３５】
前述したように、大小のサイズの異なるＨ形鋼を組み合わせて遮水壁２Ａを構築するに際して、大サイズのＨ形鋼３０を立設してから、その両側に小サイズのＨ形鋼３５を立設するようにし、大径溝形部材３４に対して小径溝形部材３８を組み合わせるようにすれば良い。そして、ガイド部が強固な構造体であることから、隣接させて立設するＨ形鋼の位置決めの作用は、比較的良好に行われることになる。また、前記遮水壁２Ａにおいては、Ｈ形鋼のフランジの外側には凹凸が形成されないことから、遮水壁に沿わせて他の構造物を構築するとしても、壁に隣接させて構築する構造物を、密接させて配置することができる。前記遮水壁２Ａにおいても、継手部３３、３３ａの継手空間１８には端部板を充満させ、Ｈ形鋼３０、３５の本体の間の形鋼間空間１９にも本体部充填遮水材を充填することにより、遮水壁としての性質を良好に発揮可能となる。
【００３６】
図７に示す例は、Ｈ形鋼を用いずに、柱材等として一般に使用されている箱形の角形鋼管を鋼製矢板として用いる例を説明している。前記鋼製矢板として角形鋼管４０を用いる場合には、多数の鋼製矢板を隣接させて立設または埋設して遮水壁２Ｂを構成するために、角形鋼管の両側の側面に、継手部４２を形成する溝形鋼４３、４４をそれぞれ取り付けたものを用いる。前記角形鋼管の側板４１に固着させて取り付ける溝形鋼４３、４４は、同一のサイズの溝形鋼を用いることができるもので、一方の角形鋼管４０には、溝を外側に向けるように対向させて溝形鋼４３を取り付け、他方の角形鋼管４０ａには、溝を内側に向けるように溝形鋼４４を取り付ける。なお、前記角型鋼管のように、中空断面を有する鋼製矢板としては、後述するように、大径パイプを用いた矢板に対しても適用が可能である。
【００３７】
そして、前記角形鋼管４０に沿わせて、隣接配置される角形鋼管４０ａを立設するに際して、溝形鋼４３の溝内部に、溝形鋼４４の突部を挿入させる状態で組み合わせることにより、隣接させて立設する角形鋼管のガイドとして利用することができる。前述したようにして、角形鋼管を隣接させるようにして立設すると、前記角形鋼管の本体の内部空間は密閉されているものであるから、Ｈ形鋼を用いた場合のように、形鋼間空間に遮水材を充填することは必要とされない。また、前記角形鋼管４０、４０ａの間に形成される継手空間４５、４５ａには継手部充填材を充填し、継手部４２、４２ａの間の空間に対しては、本体部充填遮水材を充填して遮水処理すれば、遮水壁２Ｂにおける遮水性を良好に発揮できるものとされる。
【００３８】
図８に示す遮水壁２Ｃの例では、両側（表裏面）に所定の間隔を介して設ける側板部材（ウエブ部材）６１、６１ａの間に、接続板部材（フランジ部材）としての中板部材６３、６３を配置している形状の、箱形の部材の両端部に継手部材６２……を各々設けているところの、特殊箱形矢板６０、６０ａ……を用いている。前記特殊箱形矢板として示す例は、新日鐵株式会社（商品名ＮＳ−ＢＯＸボックスタイプ）が発売している鋼製矢板であって、特殊箱形矢板６０……においては、箱型の部材の両側に、フランジ部材を突出させた形状のものとして構成している。前記突出部の端部には、従来の矢板等での接続部として構成されるもののような、互いに嵌合させて組み合わせる接続手段を設けている。前記接続手段としての継手部材６２としては、中央部に凹部を設け、その両側に突出部材を設けて、１つの突出部を隣接させる他方の継手部材に入り込ませるように組み合わせるもので、従来公知の遮水矢板の場合と同様に継手部材を用いるようにする。前記特殊箱形矢板６０、６０ａ……を隣接させて継手部材６２を介して接続しながら、連続させて立設することにより遮水壁２Ｃを構築する。
【００３９】
そして、前記特殊箱形矢板６０……を組み合わせて遮水壁２Ｃを構築すると、各特殊箱形矢板６０、０ａ……の本体の間には、両側の継手部材６２で接続される側板部材６１、６１ａと、中板部材６３、６３ａにより囲まれる状態の空間部６５が形成される。そこで、前記空間部６５に充填材を充満させて、前記空間部における遮水作用を発揮させるようにする。なお、前記空間部６５に充填する遮水材としては、その断面積が非常に大きく形成できるので、アスファルト混合物のみならず、任意の添加材料を添加して、水分比率を適宜調整した土質系遮水材を用いることができる。そして、前記空間部の断面積が大きいことから、その遮水材の充填作業を容易に行うことが可能である。
【００４０】
図９に示す例は、大径パイプ材を主体として構成するパイプ複合杭を鋼管矢板として用いて、遮水壁２Ｄを構築する場合の例を説明している。前記鋼管矢板７０としては、大径のパイプ状のパイプ本体７１の両側に、継手部材７３としての被挿入部材７４と挿入部材７５とをそれぞれ取り付けているもので、前記被挿入部材７４の隣接する鋼製矢板に対応する面には、縦の溝を所定の巾で形成しておく。また、パイプ本体７１の他方の側には、前記被挿入部材の溝に基部を挿入可能に、略Ｔ字状断面の挿入部材７５を取り付けており、さらに、前記鋼製矢板を立設して遮水壁２Ｄを構築するに際しての、一方の面に対応させて、平板部材７２を取り付けている。前記平板部材７２は、パイプ７１の直径と継手部材７３の長さを加えたものとほぼ等しい巾の板で構成され、その平板部材７２の一端部を溶接部Ｃを介して取り付けるようにし、前記鋼製矢板を連接させて立設した際に、前記平板部材７２の自由側端部が、隣接する鋼製矢板の側部に当接するように形成する。なお、前記鋼管矢板を使用する例において、継手部材としては、前記被挿入部材７４と挿入部材７５とを設けることの他に、前記図７に説明したような溝形鋼を組み合わせて継手部を構成することも可能であり、前記溝形鋼を鋼管矢板に対して取り付ける部分に、スペーサ部材等の追加部材を溶接して設けることによっても、溝形鋼による継手を設けることが可能である。
【００４１】
そして、前記パイプ複合杭７０を用いて連続壁２Ｄを構築すると、隣接するパイプ複合杭７０、７０ａ……の間では、継手部材７３……がそれぞれ組み合わせられた状態で、連続壁として形成され、さらに、前記連続壁の一方の側面には、平板部材７２の内側に囲まれた略三角形状の側部空間７７が形成される。そこで、前記側部空間７７に対して遮水材を充填し、また、前記被挿入部材７４内に挿入部材７５を挿入して形成する継手部材７３では、その継手部空間７６に流動性の大きい遮水材を充填することで、本体充填材２６と継手部充填材２５とを組み合わせて、連続壁における遮水作用を良好に発揮させることが可能となる。また、前記側部空間７７を囲むように配置される平板部材７２において、自由側端部が隣接するパイプとの間に大きな隙間が生じると、想定される場合には、前記側部空間７７の内部に遮水作用を発揮可能なシート状の遮水シート７８を挿入して、側部空間７７の隙間を閉じるように設けてから、本体充填材２６を充填するような補助手段を用いることもできる。前記遮水シート７８としては、２つ折り状態で挿入するゴムや塩化ビニール、その他の水を通さない性質を有するシートを用いることが可能であり、前記２つ折りの遮水シートの角部を隙間が生じると想定される角部に挿入して、その背後に本体充填材を充填することで、本体充填材が漏れ出すことを阻止し、本体充填材による遮水性を良好に維持できるようにする。
【００４２】
前述したように、鋼製矢板を隣接させて埋設するかまたは立設して、継手部材を介して連接させて連続壁とを構築し、前記継手部空間と側部空間等の接続される部分の空間部に、遮水材を充填するに際して、アスファルト混合物のような材料を用いずに、土質系の遮水材を用いる場合が前記各実施例のように適用される。そこで、前記土質系の遮水材を、海底の土（粘土質の土）を主体とする土性材料に、ベントナイトのような間隙調整材を所定の比率で添加して、遮水材として形成する。そして、前記土質系の遮水材に対して、水またはエタノールのような有機系の液体を添加し、遮水材としての流動性を向上させるとともに、含水率を維持させ得るように調整して、土質系の遮水材材料を構成する場合が多くある。前記土質系の遮水材を用いる場合に、前記遮水材に含まれている固形成分が次第に沈降して、下部の土が圧密されて、水分等の液体の含有率が低下して固化し、クラックが発生したり体積が減少するという、土質系の遮水材にとって最も不都合な状態が発生することが想定される。そこで、前記遮水材に対して所定の深さまで、液体を常時供給するための筒状の部材を前記充填材の中に埋設して設けておき、前記充填材に対して常時、前記水または有機系の液体等を供給できるようにする。
【００４３】
図１０に示す例は、鋼製矢板を多数本立設して円筒形状のセル状部材を構成し、前記セル状部材８１……を所定の間隔を介して配置したセル護岸８０として構築している。さらに、各セル状部材８１……の間にアーク状接続部８２…を接続するように配置して、遮水壁と護岸本体とを一体のものとして組み合わせた形状に構築する管理型護岸１Ａの例を示している。前記護岸１Ａにおいて、図１１に示すように、セル状本体部材８１とアーク状接続部８２を組み合わせてセル護岸８０を構築するために、前記各種の鋼製矢板を多数本隣接させて立設して構築することが可能である。そして、各鋼製矢板の接続部に各々必要に応じて遮水材を充填する等の遮水処理を施すことにより、直径が２０ｍ程度の大きな径を有し、内部を遮水する円筒形の遮水壁を構成して、セル状本体部材８１の内外の遮水性を維持できるようにする。
【００４４】
また、前記セル状本体部材８１……の間に設けるアーク状接続部８２……においても、前記セル状本体部材８１と同様に、遮水壁部を鋼製矢板を列状に打設して構築し、前記鋼製矢板の接続部には各々必要に応じて遮水材を充填することにより、遮水性能を発揮させ得るように構築する。なお、前記セル護岸８０においては、セル状本体により構成される護岸は、自立性の強度の大きい構造物として構成される。したがって、前記セル護岸８０の上部に、コンクリート等を打設する等の処理を施して上部保護部６ａとして構築し、広く構成される護岸１Ａの上部分を作業場所として設けることも可能となる。
【００４５】
前記セル護岸８０を構成する際には、海底地盤の透水層または軟弱な地盤４を貫通して、不透水層３に所定の深さまで鋼製矢板を打設または埋設して構築するが、軟弱な地盤４に対して、地盤を強化する処理を行った改良土層４ａとして形成する。また、前記改良土層４ａの海側および埋立地側７の両側では、必要に応じて軟弱な地盤の土を除去して、砂等を置換した置換土層８、８を施工することも行われる。そして、前述したように、鋼製矢板を立設して構築するセル状本体部材８１、およびアーク状接続部８２の各々の継手部の部分に対して遮水材料を充満させ、さらに、アーク状接続部８２の内部空間部には、遮水材料を充満させて不透水性の壁として構築し、前記護岸１Ａにより区画された内水海域を、廃棄物投棄用の埋立地７として活用する。
【００４６】
前記セル状本体部材８１およびアーク状接続部８２を構築するに際しては、前記各実施例に示したように、継手部材を取り付けた鋼製矢板を用い、各継手部材を組み合わせながら、図１１、１２に示すようにして鋼製矢板を立設して構築することができる。その他に、複数本の鋼製矢板を陸上で溶接して構成した円弧状の部材（単位体）を、大きな半径の円を描くように隣接させて立設し、前記円弧状の単位体の継手部に対して遮水処理を施して接続することにより、セル状本体部材８１またはアーク状接続部８２を構築することも可能である。そして、前記セル状本体部材８１の内部空間部には、粘土質の土や海底を浚渫した土等を充填して、充填層８３を構成することができ、アーク状接続部８２の内部空間部には、土質充填材を充満させた遮水層８４を形成して、セル護岸８０に対する埋立地７と、外洋とを区画する護岸１Ａを構築する。なお、前記図１１、１２に示す例において、セル状本体部８１とアーク状接続部８２は、その壁の構成を簡略化して説明しているが、前記各実施例に開示しているように、Ｈ、Ｉ形鋼または、その他の形状の鋼製矢板を用いて、継手部分等に遮水処理を施したもので構築するものである。
【００４７】
前記図１０、１１に示す護岸１Ａにおいて、セル状本体部材８１とアーク状接続部８２の接続部Ｂでの鋼製矢板の接続と、遮水性を発揮させることが重要であるから、前記図１２に示すような接続部Ｂに対しては、図１３に示すような接続部材を用いることも可能である。前記図１３に示す例は、Ｔ字状矢板部材８５の構成を説明しているもので、前記Ｔ字状矢板部材８５として、両端部に接続部材８９……を各々設けた平板状の板状矢板８６に対して、前記板状矢板８６を巾方向で半分に切断した形状の接続板８７を溶接部Ｃを介して固着している。また、前記Ｔ字状矢板部材８５において、接続板８７の固定保持に信頼性が小さい場合には、従来のＴ字状矢板部材と呼ばれる鋼製矢板と同様に、接続基部（溶接部）を囲むように、補強部材８８、８８を両側に溶接、またはリベット止めして取り付けることで、Ｔ字状の鋼製矢板を強固なものとして構成したものを用いる。
【００４８】
前述したように構成したＴ字状矢板部材８５を用いて接続部Ｂを構築する場合の他に、セル状本体部材８１をＨ形鋼や箱形矢板を組み合わせて構築する場合にも、使用する鋼製矢板に接続部を取り付けて、接続部材として構成することが可能である。例えば、前記各実施例に説明した任意の鋼製矢板に対して、アーク状接続部８２に対する接続部として、前記接続板８７に類似する部材を所定の間隔で直角に設け、アーク状接続部に立設する鋼製矢板に対する接続部として用いることも可能である。したがって、前記鋼製矢板に設けた接続部材を用いて、セル状本体部材８１に対してアーク状接続部８２を接続して一体化し、接続部の空間に対しても、任意の遮水材を充満させて遮水処理を施すことにより、前記接続部Ｂにおいても、内外の遮水性能を良好に発揮させることができる。なお、前記構成を有する護岸１Ａにおいても、鋼製矢板の接続部の各々に対して遮水材料を充填すること、および、遮水材料として任意の材料を用いることによって、接続部での遮水性を良好に発揮させ得るようにすることは、前記各実施例と同様に実施可能である。
【００４９】
前述したようにして、鋼製矢板を列状に立設して遮水壁を構築する例において、鋼製矢板の間での遮水性を発揮させるための充填材料として、モルタル、コンクリート、アスファルト混合物、土質系遮水材等を用いることが、従来より種々提案されている。本発明の各実施例では、断面積の大きな形鋼間の空間等に対しては、アスファルト混合物のような、比較的粘性と流動性が大きい材料を用いることができる。これに対して、継手部に形成される断面の小さい空間部では、長期間大きな流動性を維持でき、遮水性を発揮できるような遮水材を用いると、継手部の内部空間に充填材（遮水材）を充満させて形成するところの、細くて長いコラムでの遮水性を良好に発揮させ得ることになる。
【００５０】
そこで、前述したような要求に対応させるために、図１４に示す継手部の例では、Ｈ形鋼の接続部において、Ｈ形鋼の間の形鋼間空間に対してはアスファルト混合物等を充填し、両側の継手部１４の継手空間に対しては、土質系の充填材を継手部充填材２５として充満させるようにしている。前記継手部充填材２５を充填すると、土質系遮水材、または細粒物質は、水５１を分離させる状態で沈降するので、上部には水が残るが、本発明においては、さらにその上部に水５１を余分に補給して、継手部の周囲部材により仕切られた空間内で、土質系遮水材の沈降した成分５０を上から押圧しながら、水分を上から補給するようにしている。したがって、前記継手空間１８の内部に充填した継手部充填材では、水分が抜けることがなくなるために、水面上に突出している遮水壁の上部構造部でも、継手部充填材から水分が抜けて固化することがなくなる。
【００５１】
図１５に示す例は、前記図１４に示したように、継手空間内部に継手部充填材を充填したときに、継手部充填材を上から押圧して土質系の遮水材を圧密して、空間内部に隙間なく充満させる作用を、より良好に行い得るようにする場合を示している。そして、前記図１４の場合のように、水のみを上部に所定の高さに充満させて押圧する作用を加えることの他に、継手部充填材の上に重錘部材５２を載置して、継手部充填材から水を分離する状態で沈降する土質系の遮水材を、前記重錘部材により、より大きな力で押圧できるようにしている。また、前記重錘部材としては任意の重いものを用いることが可能であるが、水を袋に入れたものを上に載せることでも、十分に押圧作用を付与できるものとなる。また、前記重錘部材５２としては、他の部分に充填するアスファルト混合物と同様なものを所定の厚さで載せること、または比重を大きくしたアスファルト混合物を載せるようにしても良い。
【００５２】
なお、前記図１４、１５に示しているように、継手部に充填する充填材に対して、その上部に水やその他の押圧・保護手段、もしくは、水を補給する手段を追加して施工する場合に、図１の海の潮汐の高低潮位（Ｈ．Ｗ．Ｌ）または（Ｌ．Ｗ．Ｌ）、埋立地の管理水位（Ｃ．Ｗ．Ｌ）および、仕切り護岸の残留水位（Ｒ．Ｗ．Ｌ）に対応させて、遮水材を充填するレベルを設定する。実際には、前記図１５に示すように、土質系充填材を充填する高さは、前記潮汐の低水位、または管理水位や残留水位よりも低い位置に設定して、その上部に重錘部材を載置すれば効果的である。さらに、前記継手部に充填する遮水材に対して水分を補給する手段と、押圧する手段とを追加して用いることにより、遮水材内部での水分を適正に維持することができ、遮水材にクラックが発生したり、その内部に体積減少による隙間が生じたりする等の問題が発生する等の、遮水性に障害が発生することを防止できる。
【００５３】
前記継手空間内部に充填する遮水材としては、従来より、アスファルト混合物のような長期間に亘って弾性・粘性を発揮可能な遮水材料を、加熱するとともに流動性を向上させる処理を施した状態で投入することが提案されている。これに対して、近年は土質系の遮水材のように、土に水を添加して流動性を向上させるとともに、前記土質系の遮水材材料もしくは土を主体とする土性材料に、流動性を向上させる処理と、固化しやすくするための添加物を加えたものが多く用いられるようになっている。前記土性材料としては、一般に土木現場で場所打ち杭等の掘削に使用される泥水のように、ベントナイトを主成分として、水分の含有率を調整した土質系の遮水材材料や、海底の堆積土に任意の添加物を混合したものを用いることができる。そして、前記土性材料に対して、石炭灰や樹脂材料の他に、流動性を向上させるためのマンナン等の粘り成分、吸水性を発揮できる繊維質材料の微粉末等の、任意の添加物を混合したものを用いることも可能である。
【００５４】
そこで、本実施例においても、前記粘土質の土や海底地盤を掘削して得られる土性材料に、ベントナイトのような遮水性を向上させる土質系の材料等を混入し、それに流動性を向上させるための水と樹脂材料を添加し、さらに、施工後の固化性を確保できるようにするための任意の添加材料を所定の割合で添加したものを用いるようにする。前記添加材料としては、前記石炭灰の他に、高炉スラグを微粉砕したもの、フライアッシュや砂等を添加して用いることが可能である。その他に、遮水材を充填する継手部の断面積が大きい場合には、増量材として砂や石粉、砕石等の石材系材料を増量材として用いることができる。そして、前記増量材の混入率を多くした場合でも、そのサイズの大きな石等の間には、粘土質の材料がその隙間を塞ぐように充填されるので、遮水性を損なうことはなく、土質系遮水材での遮水性を維持することが可能である。
【００５５】
そして、前述したように、任意の添加材料を添加して、水分比率を適宜調整した土性遮水材を継手部空間内に充填した後で、土性充填材から微粒子成分が沈降したときに、その土成分が設計レベルよりも低下しているときには、新たに充填材を追加施工すれば、継手部での遮水性を良好に維持できることになる。また、前記継手部の内部空間の充填材の上部に、水分を補給する手段を設けたことにより、遮水材に対して常時水分を補給することが可能となる。そして、前記土性充填材が圧密された状態でも、何等かの圧力や振動等で圧密状態のバランスが崩れたところに水分が入り込んで、土質系充填材の遮水性能を良好な状態に維持できるものとなる。
【００５６】
図１６に示す例は、前記図１４、１５に示した例に加えて、液体供給用の筒状の部材５５を充填材５０の中に埋設しているもので、前記充填材としては、土質系の遮水材に水やエタノール等の液体を混入したものを用いている。前記筒状の部材５５としては、微小な孔を多数設けた部材を用い、その充填材５０としての遮水材の中に、所定の深さＤまで埋設するように配置して、その中に前記液体を充満させておくことで、充填材５０に対して常時液体成分を供給できるようにする。なお、図１６およびその後の実施例に説明するように、鋼製矢板の接続部に形成される空間部に充填する遮水材に関する説明では、前記遮水壁の各実施例で説明した全ての例を、その対象とすることが可能なものであるが、その説明を簡略にするために、前記図１０の遮水壁２Ｃにおいて形成される本体の間の、空間部のような接続部を例にして、土質系充填材に対して液体を供給する例を説明する。また、前記充填材５０としては、前記各実施例で説明した継手部充填材２５、または本体充填材２６を対象とすることができる。
【００５７】
前記図１６に示すように、充填材５０の中に液体供給手段としての筒状の部材を追加して設ける場合には、図１７の（ａ）ないし（ｃ）にそれぞれ示すように配置することができる。前記図１７（ａ）に示す例においては、円筒状の筒部材５５を充填材５０の中央部に埋設させて配置し、中央部から液体を供給する手段を設けているものであり、同図（ｂ）に示す例では、充填材５０の四隅の部分に対して、筒部材５６……をそれぞれ配置して、液体供給手段を構成している。また、同図（ｃ）に示すように、中央部の筒部材５５と角部の筒部材５６……を組み合わせて配置する場合にも、断面の大きな充填空間に対しては非常に有効である。そして、前記充填材５０の中に埋設して設ける筒状の部材に対して、常時一定の水位を維持させるように、液体の供給・排除を行い、また、充填材の沈降成分もしくは上部の液体のレベルが、想定した高さ、例えば、埋立地の残留水位（Ｒ．Ｗ．Ｌ）に対して一定の位置になるように、充填材を補給する等の調節作業を随時行うようにすれば、遮水壁における遮水作用を良好に維持できるようにすることが可能となる。
【００５８】
前記充填材５０に対して液体を供給するための別の手段として、図１８に示すように、鋼製矢板の継手部空間６５を区画する中板部材６３の一方を孔開き板６８として構成し、特殊箱形杭６０の本体間空間部６４に液体を収容しておく。そして、前記本体の間空間部６４に充満させた液体を、孔開き板６８から充填材５０に対して常時供給させるようにすることで、前記充填材５０としての土質性充填材を、常時ゲル化した状態に維持させ、固化する等の遮水性に障害が発生することがないように、充填材の品質を維持させる。前記充填材５０に対して液体を供給する手段を設けた孔開き板６８では、鉄板に微小な孔等を設けたものを使用することが可能であり、特殊箱形杭のような材料に対してあらかじめ孔を形成しておくことで、鋼製矢板を連続させて立設して遮水壁を構築したときに、充填材を充填する空間に対して、必要な液体を常時補給することが可能となる。
【００５９】
前記各実施例においては、遮水壁を鋼製矢板を立設して構築し、継手部に遮水材を充填することにより、不透水性の壁を構築することができるものとして説明したが、前記遮水壁としては、ケーソンを用いて構成することも可能である。前記ケーソンを多数並べて護岸等を構築するに際しては、各ケーソンの間の隙間を遮水処理することが必要とされており、そのために、従来はケーソンの隙間の両端部にゴムの筒状のもの等を配置し、前記筒の間の空間部にアスファルト混合物等を充填している。これに対して、前記アスファルト混合物に代えて前記土質系の遮水材材料を用い、隙間の両端部に固定配置するゴム筒の間に充満させることにより、前記各実施例で説明したように、ケーソン間での遮水層として構成することが可能である。前記土質系の遮水材としては、粘りのある粘土のような性質の土を主体とする土性材料に、流動性を向上させる処理と、固化しやすくするための添加物を加えたものを用い、ケーソンが若干動いたとしても、その隙間の変形に対処させるように処理して用いる。そして、前記土質系材料に対して、水または溶媒を補給する手段と押圧手段とを、前記実施例に開示したように追加して設けて、前記土質系の遮水材材料が脱水されて固化することを防止して、ケーソンに加えられる外力によって隙間の大きさが変形した場合にも、その変形に追随可能なものとして、遮水層を構築できるものとなる。
【００６０】
なお、前記遮水壁を構築するために用いる鋼製矢板としては、前記各実施例に示したような、形鋼のような材料を用いることができるものであり、その継手部に設ける部材としても、前記各実施例に説明したような鋼材を取り付けて、継手部材として組み合わせることが可能である。すなわち、本発明においては、前記継手部材の構成部材を用いて、矢板本体の間に継手部空間と側部空間、本体の間空間部等を各々構成することが可能であり、前記各空間部に対して任意の遮水材を充満させることにより、遮水性を良好な状態で発揮できる。そして、前記遮水壁を構成する鋼製矢板では、その継手の部分に生じる隙間が形成されることがなく、埋立地内部の汚染された水等が、遮水壁の隙間を通って外洋に流出することを容易に阻止できて、海洋を汚染することがないようにできる。
【００６１】
【発明の効果】
前述したように構成する鋼製矢板を用いて連続遮水壁を構築することにより、鋼製矢板の間での遮水性を良好に維持でき、埋立地内部で廃棄物から生じる汚水、いわゆる保有水を、埋立地内に封じ込めることができる。また、前記鋼製矢板としてＨ形鋼やＩ形鋼、型鋼材もしくは鋼管パイプ状の中空断面を有する鋼材等のような、市販されている価格の安い鋼材を用いるのであり、継手部の鋼製接続部材としても、市販の形鋼を加工するので、仕切り護岸の構築コストを低くすることが可能である。そして、そして、前記鋼製矢板を隣接させて立設して連続壁として構築した後で、前記鋼製矢板の本体の間の空間部と継手部の空間部、または継手部の空間部、もしくは本体の間の空間部に対して、遮水処理を必要とする空間部の全部または、その選択した部分に遮水材を充填することにより、遮水壁としての性能を長期間に亘って発揮させることができる。
【００６２】
さらに、前記鋼製矢板の間と、継手部の空間等のように、鋼製矢板本体の間で水が流れる恐れのある空間部に対して、任意の種類の異なる遮水材を充填する場合には、各々の充填空間に対する遮水材の充填作業を良好な状態で行い得るものとなる。その他に、土質系の充填遮水材に対して、水分もしくは有機系溶媒等を維持・補給する手段と、押圧手段とを用いる場合、または、水分または有機系溶媒等を維持・補給する手段、もしくは押圧手段のいずれかの補助的な手段を設けることにより、長期間に亘って遮水性を維持できる。したがって、土質系の充填遮水材が脱水されて固化したり、クラックが発生したりすることおよび体積が減少すること等の、遮水材にとって最も不都合な状態が生じることを防止して、遮水性を良好に維持できるものとされ、遮水材の耐久性を良好に発揮することができ、遮水壁としての信頼性を向上させることが可能となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】廃棄物管理型護岸の説明図である。
【図２】遮水壁の構成を示す説明図である。
【図３】Ｈ形鋼を用いた遮水壁の第２の例の構成を示す説明図である。
【図４】Ｈ形鋼を用いた遮水壁の第３の例の構成を示す説明図である。
【図５】Ｈ形鋼を用いた遮水壁の第４の例の構成を示す説明図である。
【図６】Ｈ形鋼を用いた遮水壁の第５の例の構成を示す説明図である。
【図７】角形鋼管を用いた遮水壁の構成を示す説明図である。
【図８】特殊箱形杭を用いた遮水壁の第６の例の構成を示す説明図である。
【図９】パイプ複合杭を用いた遮水壁の第７の例の構成を示す説明図である。
【図１０】セル状本体部材を用いて構築する護岸の別の例を示す説明図である。
【図１１】図１２のセル護岸の平面図である。
【図１２】図１３のセル護岸の拡大説明図である。
【図１３】接続部のＴ字状矢板部材の説明図である。
【図１４】継手の空間に充填する遮水材の説明図である。
【図１５】継手の空間に充填する遮水材に対する安定化方法の説明図である。
【図１６】遮水材に水を供給する手段の構成を示す側面図である。
【図１７】（ａ）ないし（ｃ）は、遮水材に水を供給する手段の構成を示す説明図である。
【図１８】遮水材に水を供給する別の手段の構成を示す説明図である。
【符号の説明】
１護岸、２遮水壁、３不透水性地層、４透水層、
５土、６上部構造物、７埋立地、１０Ｈ形鋼、
１１ウエブ、１２フランジ、１４継手部、
１５継手外側部材、１６継手内側部材、１７板状材、
１８継手空間、１９形鋼間空間、２０継手部、
２１保持部材、２２板状部材、２３板部材、
２４端部板、２５継手部充填材、２６本体部充填材、
３０・３５Ｈ形鋼、３３継手部、３４大径溝形部材、
３８小径溝形部材、４０角形鋼管、４１側板、
４２継手部、４３・４４溝形鋼、４５継手空間、
４５形鋼間空間、５０継手部充填材、５１上部水、
５２押圧部材、５５筒部材、５６筒部材、
６０特殊箱形杭、６１側板部材、６２継手部材、
６３中板部材、６４本体間空間部、６５継手部空間、
６６孔開き板、７０パイプ複合杭、７１パイプ本体、
７２平板部材、７２継手部材、７４被挿入部材、
７５挿入部材、７６継手部空間、７７側部空間、
７８遮水シート、８０セル護岸、８１セル状本体部材、
８２アーク状接続部、８３充填層、８４遮水層、
８５Ｔ字状矢板部材、８６板状矢板、８７接続板、
８８補強部材、８９接続部材。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a water-blocking wall of a controlled seawall of a waste marine disposal site in which a steel sheet pile is erected (placed or buried) to form a continuous wall, and in particular, a steel sheet pile main body and a joint. The present invention relates to a method of impermeable treatment in a part.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When constructing a disposal site for landfill of industrial waste and general waste at sea, a revetment that divides the planned sea reclamation site is constructed, and the waste is dumped in a landfill that is isolated from the open sea. ing. As the partition revetment, a steel (pipe) sheet pile type revetment, a caisson type revetment, a rubble type revetment, and the like are known. In order to prevent water retained in the landfill from seeping into the open sea, water barrier treatment should be applied to the main body of the partition seawall or an independent part, and a disposal site should be constructed to prevent the water retained in the landfill from seeping into the open sea. It is required that the seabed ground in the area to be treated be impermeable as necessary. Conventionally, in order to construct a revetment that has been subjected to the above-mentioned water-impervious treatment, conventionally, in addition to the water-impervious sheet method, steel-made steel, such as steel pipe sheet piles or sheet piles of any other cross-sectional shape, has been used Means such as driving or embedding sheet piles in rows are used. In the present invention described below, the driving or embedding of the sheet piles is generally referred to as “standing”. And, between the sheet piles or the like which are erected adjacently and constructed into a wall shape, a space is provided inside a portion where the joint member is engaged or fitted, and an asphalt mixture or mortar is provided in the space. A method has been proposed in which a filler capable of exhibiting water-impermeable performance is filled to exhibit water-impermeability between steel (pipe) sheet piles constituting a water-impermeable wall (for example, see Patent Document 1). .
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-8-151630
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, as shown in the conventional example, a male and female joint member is provided on both sides of the steel pipe pile, and the joint member is combined to constitute a water impervious portion. In the method of filling the inside with a water-blocking material such as an asphalt mixture, it is difficult to completely fill the water-blocking material unless a space having a sufficiently large cross-sectional area is formed in the joint portion. Further, when using a steel sheet pile having a cross-section other than the steel pipe sheet pile, a joint member is formed at both ends of the sheet pile at ends extending from inner and outer walls, and an adjacent sheet pile is joined to the joint member. In addition, in the case of constructing as a continuous wall, the structure of the joint member of the sheet pile is complicated, and the shape and dimensions of the joint portion to be joined are limited, so that it is difficult to secure the degree of freedom during construction. There remains a problem that the impermeable treatment in the part is troublesome. Furthermore, sheet piles having a special structure such as steel sheet piles other than the above-mentioned versatile and proven steel (pipe) sheet piles are not suitable for mass production, and the unit price of the steel material is extremely high. Therefore, the impermeable wall using the steel (pipe) sheet pile having such a special structure causes the construction (construction) cost to be greatly increased.
[0005]
An object of the present invention is to provide a method that can reduce the construction cost and provide a good water barrier at a joint part in a water barrier constructed using conventional steel sheet piles as described above. Furthermore, low cost shielding is achieved by using a steel sheet pile that can be built up to any structural size using a versatile material such as commercially available H-section steel, I-section steel, steel pipe or square steel pipe. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of constructing a water wall and a method of maintaining water blocking in a vertical water blocking layer.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention relates to a managed revetment in which steel sheet piles are continuously erected along a coast or around a landfill site for wastes planned in the sea area to construct a water barrier. The invention according to claim 1 provides a joint member at both ends of a steel sheet pile corresponding to a normal direction of the impermeable wall, and the joint member forms a joint by combining two adjacent steel sheet piles. At this time, after using a thing formed so that a space can be formed inside the joint part, the sheet pile members are erected adjacent to each other and constructed as a continuous wall, and then the space part between the steel sheet pile main body and the joint is formed. The space of the section, the space of the joint, or the space between the main bodies is filled with a water-blocking material to constitute a water-blocking wall.
[0007]
The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that H-section steel of the same size is used as the steel sheet pile, and joints are provided at both ends of a flange parallel to the thickness direction of the H-section steel corresponding to the thickness direction of the impermeable wall. The joint members provided on the H-shaped steel are provided with outer joint members protruding from ends of the flanges, and those provided with inner joint members at both ends of the flanges. Using two types of H-section steel,
Two types of H-section steel having different configurations of the joint members are alternately erected, and a water-impervious wall is constructed by combining the joint members of the respective H-section steels, and between the erected steel sheet piles, Filling the space between the steel sheet pile main body with the space between the joints, the space between the joints, or the space between the bodies, or the space between the main bodies with water impervious material, to perform water impermeability treatment. Features.
[0008]
The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that H-shaped steels having different sizes are used as the steel sheet piles, and the large-sized steel sheet piles are provided with joint members inside both ends of a flange thereof, and the small-sized steel sheet piles are provided with joint members. The sheet pile is provided with joint members outside the both ends of the flange, and the large and small steel sheet piles are alternately erected so as to combine the joint members to construct a continuous wall, and between the steel sheet piles The space between the body of the steel sheet pile and the space between the joints, or the space between the joints, or the space between the bodies is filled with a water impervious material and subjected to water impermeability treatment. It is characterized by the following.
[0009]
The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that an H-shaped steel or an I-shaped steel is used as the steel sheet pile, and outer joint members are provided at both ends of each flange of the steel sheet pile, and the steel sheet pile is provided. The two types of steel sheet piles are prepared, and the two types of steel sheet piles are alternately arranged adjacent to each other, and the two types of joints are provided. Along with constructing a continuous wall by combining the members, between the standing steel sheet piles, the space between the steel sheet pile main body and the joint space, or the joint space, or It is characterized in that the space between the main bodies is filled with a water blocking material to perform a water blocking process.
[0010]
The invention according to claim 5 uses a box-shaped member or a circular member having a hollow cross section as the steel sheet pile, and a joint member using a pair of grooved steel on both sides of the steel sheet pile using the hollow member. Each of the steel sheet piles, which are mounted so as to protrude and are alternately erected in the channel steel as the joint member, is a joint member with the groove attached to the inside and a steel sheet pile using the other hollow member. Then, each of the steel sheet piles is configured as a joint member with the groove facing outward, and the two kinds of steel sheet piles are alternately erected so as to combine the joint members to form a continuous wall, and then the steel sheet pile is formed. The space between the body of the sheet pile and the space between the joints, or the space between the joints, or the space between the bodies is filled with a water impervious material and subjected to a water impermeability treatment. .
[0011]
The invention according to claim 6 is that a steel sheet pile is connected and erected by using a joint member to construct a large-diameter cylindrical steel sheet pile cell, and a water-shielding treatment is applied to the joint part of the steel sheet pile. To form a water impervious wall, the cells of the steel sheet pile are arranged in a row at predetermined intervals or adjacent to each other, and the cells of the steel sheet pile arranged in the row are curved surfaces. A steel sheet pile is erected in a shape and connected by an arc member, and the inside of a space formed between the connection part by the arc member and the cell is filled with a water-blocking material to perform a water-blocking treatment. It is characterized by the following.
[0012]
The invention according to claim 7 is characterized in that, in the management type revetment in which the cell constructed as the impermeable wall and the arc member are arranged in a row, waste is disposed in each of the inside of the cell and the interior surrounded by the arc member. It is characterized by filling with soil material, stone material or water barrier material.
[0013]
In the invention according to claim 8, after the steel sheet pile is erected and the continuous wall is constructed, the space between the steel sheet piles and the space between the sheet pile body or the joint portion are filled. As the water-blocking material, one of an asphalt mixture or a soil-based water-blocking material, or a combination of the two types of water-blocking materials is filled.
[0014]
The invention according to claim 9 is that, in each of the space between the steel sheet piles and the space of the sheet pile main body or the joint part, the space part having a small cross section is filled with a soil-based impermeable material as a filler. In addition, an asphalt mixture is used as a water-blocking material that fills a large space portion of the space portion.
[0015]
According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the space between the steel sheet piles and the space between the sheet pile main body and the space between the joints, the soil-based water barrier material is made of a clay-like material such as bentonite. It is characterized by using a material obtained by adding a gap adjusting material to increase the water blocking property, mixing a gelling material for preventing separation of materials or a material for adjusting fluidity with water at an appropriate ratio. .
[0016]
The invention according to claim 11 is characterized in that, when filling the joint space between the steel sheet piles and the space between the sheet pile body or the joint portion with a soil-based water impervious material, the filled water impervious material is used. A material having a large specific gravity, such as an asphalt mixture, concrete, or mortar, such as an asphalt mixture, a water-impermeable material, or a water-impermeable material is disposed on the upper portion, and is used as a means for applying pressure or a means for preventing dehydration.
[0017]
A twelfth aspect of the present invention is directed to any one of a means for supplying water or an additive component and a pressing means for the water-impervious layer formed by filling the soil-based water impervious material, or the two. Means are provided in combination to supply water to the water-blocking material of the water-blocking layer as appropriate and maintain water-blocking properties.
[0018]
The invention according to claim 13 is characterized in that, in order to supply a material exhibiting moisture or fluidity to the soil-based filler constituting the water-impervious layer, the water-permeable material reaches a predetermined depth from above the water-impervious layer. A cylindrical member having the above structure is embedded and provided, and the water level is adjusted so that the water level inside the cylindrical member becomes a predetermined height.
[0019]
By constructing a continuous impermeable wall using the steel sheet piles configured as described above, it is possible to maintain good water impermeability between the steel sheet piles, and wastewater generated from waste inside the landfill, so-called retained water. Can be contained in landfills. In addition, as the steel sheet pile, commercially available inexpensive steel materials such as H-shaped steel, I-shaped steel, steel shaped steel or steel pipe having a hollow cross section in a pipe shape are used. Since a commercially available shaped steel is processed as the connecting member, the construction cost of the partition seawall can be reduced. Then, after the steel sheet pile is erected adjacently and constructed as a continuous wall, the space between the body of the steel sheet pile and the space of the joint, or the space of the joint, or the space of the body Filling the entire space or the selected part of the space that needs water-blocking treatment with the water-blocking material in the intervening space to exhibit the performance as a water-blocking wall over a long period of time Can be.
[0020]
Furthermore, in the case where water is likely to flow between the steel sheet pile main bodies, such as the space between the steel sheet piles and the joint portion, etc., when filling with any type of different water-blocking material. Thus, the filling operation of the water blocking material into each filling space can be performed in a good state. In addition, for the soil-based filled water shielding material, a means for maintaining and replenishing moisture or an organic solvent and the like, when using a pressing means, or a means for maintaining and replenishing moisture or an organic solvent and the like, Alternatively, by providing any auxiliary means such as a pressing means, the water shielding property can be maintained for a long period of time. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the most inconvenient state for the impermeable material, such as dehydration and solidification of the soil-based filled impermeable material, generation of cracks, and reduction in volume, thereby preventing the impermeable material. It is possible to maintain water satisfactorily, and it is possible to satisfactorily exhibit the durability of the water shielding material.
[0021]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
In accordance with the illustrated example, the method for controlling the seawall of the revetment according to the present invention will be described. The example shown in FIG. 1 shows an example of a management type revetment 1 with a water impervious wall constructed by erecting a steel sheet pile, and the revetment 1 is constructed so as to partition a waste landfill. You. In the example shown in the figure, as the water barrier walls on both sides inside and outside the seawall 1, the water barrier walls 2 and 2a are constructed by arranging steel sheet piles in a row, and are constructed as the continuous walls. 2a are arranged at the above-mentioned predetermined intervals so as to be able to exhibit water-blocking performance as a double water-blocking wall. When the water impervious walls 2 are configured, the steel sheet pile is penetrated to penetrate the water permeable layer or the soft ground 4 of the seabed ground so as to reach the impermeable layer 3 to a predetermined depth. Cast or buried to build.
[0022]
Then, as described later, the portion of the joint portion of the steel sheet pile is filled with the water-blocking material, and further, the gap between the steel sheet piles is filled with the water-blocking material, so that the water-impermeable material is impermeable. It is constructed as a wall, and the inner sea area defined by the revetment 1 is used as a landfill 7 for dumping waste. In general, when a steel sheet pile is erected in the seabed to construct a wall-shaped impermeable wall, in addition to a means for driving with a hammer or a means for pushing into the ground while applying vibration and pressing force, a screw is used. Means such as press-fitting a steel sheet pile into a vertical hole provided in the ground using an excavator or the like and standing upright are used. Therefore, in the present invention described below, means for driving or embedding the steel sheet pile will be collectively referred to as standing, but the description of standing of the sheet pile will refer to conventional embedding, The operation of driving, such as driving, will be described without any particular limitation.
[0023]
In the revetment 1 shown in FIG. 1, between the impermeable walls 2 and 2a constructed at a predetermined interval, for example, an impermeable material such as clay or a good-quality sandy soil is packed. Generally, surface treatment such as paving concrete or asphalt on the upper surface is performed. It is also possible to construct a rubble revetment along the outer side surface of the revetment 1 to cope with rough waves from the open sea, or to construct a caisson or other structure separately. Further, impervious dumping soil and the like are stacked along the inner impermeable wall 2 to prevent sewage leaching from the waste buried in the landfill 7 from directly contacting the steel material as the steel sheet pile. It is possible to perform a treatment that does not adversely affect the corrosion of the steel material or the like, as in the case of the conventional general water impermeable wall. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the high and low tide (HWL) or (LWL) of the tide of the sea, the management water level (CWL) of the landfill, and the impermeable layer of the partition seawall In accordance with the residual water level (R.W.L.) between the two, the level at which the joint portion is filled with the impermeable material is set as described below.
[0024]
As shown in FIG. 2 and subsequent embodiments, the water impervious wall 2 has a large number of steel sheet piles erected in a wall shape so that water does not flow from between the connection portions of the steel sheet piles. It is constructed by applying water shielding treatment. The example shown in FIG. 2 describes the case where the H-shaped steel 10 is used as the steel sheet pile to construct the impermeable wall 2, but when constructing the two rows of impermeable walls 2, 2a, the other is used. If the water impermeable wall 2a is constructed using the same construction method as the water impermeable wall 2, a double water impermeable structure in a broad sense with higher water impermeable is obtained. As the H-section steel 10 used as the steel sheet pile, a commercially available one having a wide flange 12 connected by a web 11 can be used. Other conditions, such as thickness, can be any size according to the shape and structure according to the external force conditions acting on the impermeable wall to be constructed, the construction conditions for filling the impermeable material, and the service life against corrosion. Can be used.
[0025]
When the impermeable wall 2 is constructed using the H-shaped steel 10, two types of H-shaped steels 10 and 10a having different joint structures are sequentially combined and erected, and a joint is formed between adjacent H-shaped steels. Means for connecting via the unit 14 is used. In order to form the joint section 14, the H-section steel 10 is provided with a joint outer member 15 made of a channel steel at each end of each of the flanges 12 and 12a via a weld C, respectively. The U-shaped opening is provided so as to face inward. Further, on the adjacent H-section steel 10a, joint inner members 16 made of angle iron are fixed to both ends of each flange via a welded portion C, and one member of the angle iron is parallel to the flange. The other member is fixed so as to project outward at right angles to the flange.
[0026]
H-shaped steel members 10, 10a,... Provided with a joint outer member 15 and a joint inner member 16 at the ends of the flanges are alternately adjacently erected, and are connected via the joint portions. By arranging them so as to be connected, a continuous wall-shaped impermeable wall 2 is constructed. When the steel sheet pile is erected and the impermeable wall 2 is constructed, first, the H-section steel 10 is erected to a predetermined depth, and the H-section steel 10 is made adjacent to both sides of the H-section steel 10 so as to be adjacent to each other. Each of the shaped steel members 10a is erected, and when the next adjacent H-shaped steel member 10a is erected, the H-shaped steel member 10a is first placed inside the joint outer member 15 attached to both sides of the H-shaped steel member 10 that has been first erected, and then The joint inner member 16 of the H-shaped steel 10a to be driven is guided and combined. That is, when the H-shaped steel members 10 and 10a are erected adjacent to each other, the joint outer member 15 of the H-shaped steel member 10 and the outer surface of the flange, which have been previously driven, are connected to the joint inner member 16 of the H-shaped steel member 10a. And the joint inner member 16 is regulated by the joint outer member 15. Therefore, by using the joint outer member 15 and the joint outer member 16 that constitute the joint portions 14 as guides, the H-section steels as the steel sheet piles are erected adjacent to each other, so that the adjacent H-sections are formed. The water-blocking wall 2 as a continuous wall can be constructed by standing up so as not to generate a gap where the water-blocking cannot be secured.
[0027]
As described above, when the H-section steel is continuously erected and the impermeable wall 2 is constructed in a continuous wall shape, a joint space 18 is formed inside the joint portion 14 between the H-section steels 10 and 10a. , H-shaped steel bodies are formed between the main bodies. In addition, the joint space 18 and the space 19 between the steel sections enter a state in which soil or the like that cannot be removed when the H-section steel is erected is entered. Therefore, the soil in the joint space 18 and the space 19 between the steel sections is loosened by a water jet to form a mud, and the soil is removed by discharging the soil from the upper end using an air lift or the like. The space is filled with water. Thereafter, in the joint space 18 having a narrow cross section out of the space filled with the water, a relatively large fluidity such as clay, mortar, and concrete is applied by an injection method capable of filling a waterproof material from the tip. A process for filling the water blocking material 25 and having a water blocking effect is performed. In addition, the inter-section space 19 formed as a wide space has a large fluidity of the asphalt mixture and the like, and even if it is deformed by applying an external pressure, the fluidity can be maintained following the deformation, and the inside of the joint space can be maintained. A water-blocking column is formed by the body-filled water-blocking material 26 such that no gap is formed in the column.
[0028]
In the example shown in FIG. 3, like the steel sheet pile described in FIG. 2, two types of H-shaped steel members 10 and 10 a... The connection is made via a joint 14, but the joint inner member 16 is different from that of FIG. 2 in shape. That is, the longer member of the joint inner member 16 provided at both ends of the flanges 12 on both sides of the H-section steel 10a is fixed to the flange via the welded portion C, and the shorter member is placed outside the flange of the sheet pile. Is provided so as to protrude at a right angle to be used as a joint member.
[0029]
In the joint portion 14 of the H-shaped steel members 10 and 10a, the free end of the joint outer member 15 contacts the outer surface of the flange of the H-shaped steel member 10a as in the example of FIG. Are formed so that the inner surface of the joint is in contact with the outer surface of the flange of the H-section steel 10 standing upright, and a small gap is formed outward, so that a substantially sealed joint space 18 is formed. Is done. Further, in the inter-section space 19 formed between the H-section steels 10 and 10a, the steel itself is a material having a property of impervious to water. The water is stopped by 14. Therefore, it is presumed that water does not flow through the section-to-section space 19 because the joint space 18 of the joint portion 14 is subjected to the water shielding treatment by the joint filler 25. The inter-section space 19 formed between the H-section steels is also filled with a main body-filled water-blocking material 26 such as an asphalt mixture capable of exhibiting long-term fluidity so as to further improve water-blocking. To
[0030]
In the example shown in FIG. 4, similarly to the embodiment of the steel sheet pile described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3, a joint outer member 15 made of a channel steel is attached to one H-section steel 10, and the other H-section steel 10 a , A plate-like plate member 17 such as ball flat steel is attached by a welded portion C. That is, the difference from the above two embodiments is that the plate-like member 17 having a predetermined thickness is used without using the angle iron, and the plate-like member 17 is reinforced by providing a ridge or the like. By using the above, the configuration is such that the performance as a guide member when the steel sheet pile is erected and the sealing action in the joint space 18 can be exhibited well. In the example of FIG. 4 as well, the joint space 18 formed between the H-shaped steels and the H-shaped steel are formed in a row in the form of a row of H-shaped steels via the joints 14. The space 19 is filled with a material exhibiting water impermeability, and is subjected to water impermeability treatment at the seam, so that performance as a water impervious wall can be exhibited.
[0031]
The example shown in FIG. 5 describes another example of a joint portion when an H-section steel is used as a steel sheet pile, and is different for each of the H-section steels 10 and 10a that stand upright next to each other. A joint having a structure is provided, and the joint 20 is configured by combining the two joints. In order to constitute the joint portion 20, holding members 21 are provided at both ends of the flanges on both sides of one H-section steel 10, respectively, and both ends of parallel flanges of the other H-section steel 10a are provided with: The end plates 24 are fixed by welding parts so as to be orthogonal to each other, and are configured as substantially T-shaped. The holding member 21 attaches plate members 23, 23a in parallel via plate members 22, 22a of a predetermined thickness on both front and back surfaces of the end of the flange, and forms a gap H at the tip. A projection is formed on the projection.
[0032]
In the holding member 21, the joint space 18 formed by the flanges and the plate members 22 and 22a is desirably as large as possible, and the inside can be easily filled with a water-blocking material later. Further, if the gap H formed by opposing the protruding portions at the distal ends of the plate members 23, 23a is formed so as to correspond to the thickness of the flange of the H-section steel 10a, the flange of the H-section steel 10a can be Since the state is pressed between the protrusions of the member, there is almost no gap formed outward from the joint space 18 at the combined portion of the holding member 21 and the end plate 24 in the joint. Further, when the end plate 24 is positioned so as to be close to the protruding portion of the distal end of the plate member 23, the water blocking (water blocking) state can be better maintained.
[0033]
In each of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, a method of forming a joint portion at the butt portion using an H-shaped steel having the same size and abutting the flanges of the shaped steel members to be constructed adjacently. explained. In addition to the above-described embodiments, in the example shown in FIG. 6, the impermeable wall 2 </ b> A is constructed using two types of H-shaped steels having different sizes, which are continuously erected. Then, the small H-shaped steel 35 is erected between the flanges 32 and 32a on both sides of the large H-shaped steel 30 so that the small-sized H-shaped steel 30 is inserted between the flanges 32 and 32a. 33, 33a can be formed. When constructing the water impervious wall 2A, large-diameter H-shaped steel members 30 are provided with large-diameter channel members 34, 34a, respectively, on the opposite sides of the inner surfaces of the flanges 32, 32a, respectively. The channel member 34 is provided by fixing two L-shaped steel members by a welded portion C, and the small-diameter channel member 38 is inserted between the projecting portions of the L-shaped steel members. In the H-section steels 30 and 35, the webs 31 and 36 and the flanges 32 and 37 can have any thickness, and any of commercially available fixed-size ones can be used.
[0034]
In the small-sized H-shaped steel 35 combined with the large-sized H-shaped steel 30, a small-diameter channel member 38 made of a channel steel is fixedly attached to the outer surfaces of the flanges 37 and 37a. The interval between the protruding members of the small-diameter channel member 38 is formed smaller than the interval between the protruding members of the large-diameter channel member 34, but if possible, the width W of the inner surface of the large-diameter channel member 34 is reduced. On the other hand, when the width W1 of the outer surface of the small-diameter channel member 38 is substantially equal, the performance as a guide when the H-section steel is erected can be exhibited well, and the gap between the joint portions can be reduced. It becomes possible. Further, even when the width W1 of the other member is smaller than the width W of the inner surface, as shown in the drawing, if the member is erected so that the opposing projections are in contact with each other, the outer side from the joint space 18 can be obtained. Can be reduced. In addition, in the example of the impermeable wall using the H-section steel, it is also possible to use an I-section steel instead of the H-section steel. As in the case of, a material having a flange and a web of any size is used as the steel sheet pile. Then, joint members are attached to both ends of the flange of the I-section steel, and the impermeable wall can be constructed by combining the joint members between the steel sheet piles that stand upright. The H-section steel and the I-section steel are generally considered to be classified according to the width of the flange, but it can be said that there is no significant difference in the basic structure.
[0035]
As described above, when constructing the impermeable wall 2A by combining H-shaped steels having different sizes, a large-sized H-shaped steel 30 is erected, and then a small-sized H-shaped steel 35 is provided on both sides thereof. The small-diameter groove member 38 may be combined with the large-diameter groove member 34 so as to be erected. And since a guide part is a strong structure, the operation | movement of the positioning of the H-shaped steel erected adjacently will be performed comparatively favorably. Further, in the water impermeable wall 2A, since no unevenness is formed outside the flange of the H-section steel, even if another structure is constructed along the water impermeable wall, it is constructed adjacent to the wall. The structures can be placed close together. Also in the water impervious wall 2A, the joint space 18 of the joints 33, 33a is filled with an end plate, and the space 19 between the main bodies of the H-shaped steels 30, 35 is also filled with the main body filling impervious material. By filling it, it is possible to satisfactorily exhibit properties as a water impermeable wall.
[0036]
The example shown in FIG. 7 illustrates an example in which a box-shaped square steel pipe generally used as a pillar or the like is used as a steel sheet pile without using an H-section steel. When the square steel pipe 40 is used as the steel sheet pile, the joint sections 42 are provided on both sides of the square steel pipe in order to form the water impervious wall 2B by standing or embedding a large number of steel sheet piles adjacent to each other. Used are respectively attached with channel steels 43 and 44 that form. The channel steels 43 and 44 which are fixedly attached to the side plates 41 of the rectangular steel pipes can be the same size channel steels, and are opposed to one of the rectangular steel pipes 40 so that the grooves face outward. Then, the channel steel 43 is attached, and the channel steel 44 is attached to the other square steel pipe 40a so that the groove faces inward. The steel sheet pile having a hollow cross section like the square steel pipe can be applied to a sheet pile using a large-diameter pipe as described later.
[0037]
When the adjacent square steel pipes 40a are erected along the square steel pipes 40, the adjacent steel pipes 40a are combined by inserting the protrusions of the channel steels 44 into the grooves of the channel steels 43. It can be used as a guide for rectangular steel pipes that are erected. As described above, when the rectangular steel pipes are erected so as to be adjacent to each other, the internal space of the main body of the rectangular steel pipes is sealed, and therefore, as in the case of using the H-section steel, It is not necessary to fill the space with a seepage barrier. The joint spaces 45, 45a formed between the rectangular steel pipes 40, 40a are filled with a joint filler, and the space between the joints 42, 42a is filled with a body-filled waterproofing material. By filling and performing the water-shielding treatment, the water-shielding wall 2B can exhibit good water-shielding properties.
[0038]
In the example of the impermeable wall 2C shown in FIG. 8, a middle plate member as a connection plate member (flange member) is provided between side plate members (web members) 61 and 61a provided on both sides (front and back surfaces) with a predetermined space therebetween. Special box-shaped sheet piles 60, 60a,... Are used in which joint members 62 are provided at both ends of a box-shaped member in which 63, 63 are arranged. The example shown as the special box-shaped sheet pile is a steel sheet pile sold by Nippon Steel Corporation (trade name: NS-BOX type). In the special box-shaped sheet pile 60, a box-shaped member is used. Are formed on both sides of the base member so that a flange member is protruded. At the end of the protruding part, there is provided a connecting means which is fitted and combined with each other, such as a part configured as a connecting part of a conventional sheet pile or the like. As the joint member 62 as the connection means, a concave portion is provided at the center portion, and projecting members are provided on both sides thereof, and a combination is made so that one projecting portion is inserted into the other joint member that is adjacent to the joint member. A joint member is used as in the case of the impermeable sheet pile. The adjacent box-shaped sheet piles 60, 60a,... Are connected to each other via a joint member 62, and are continuously erected to construct the impermeable wall 2C.
[0039]
When the impermeable wall 2C is constructed by combining the special box-shaped sheet piles 60,..., The side plate members 61 connected by the joint members 62 on both sides are provided between the main bodies of the special box-shaped sheet piles 60, 0a,. , 61a and a space 65 surrounded by the middle plate members 63, 63a. Therefore, the space 65 is filled with a filler so as to exert a water blocking effect in the space. The water-blocking material to be filled in the space 65 can be formed to have a very large cross-sectional area. Therefore, not only the asphalt mixture but also an optional material is added, and a soil-based material in which the moisture ratio is appropriately adjusted is added. Water material can be used. And since the cross-sectional area of the said space part is large, it is possible to easily perform the filling work of the impermeable material.
[0040]
The example shown in FIG. 9 describes an example of a case where a water impervious wall 2D is constructed using a pipe composite pile mainly composed of a large diameter pipe material as a steel pipe sheet pile. As the steel pipe sheet pile 70, an inserted member 74 and an inserted member 75 as a joint member 73 are respectively attached to both sides of a large-diameter pipe-shaped pipe main body 71, and are adjacent to the inserted member 74. On the surface corresponding to the steel sheet pile, a vertical groove is formed with a predetermined width. On the other side of the pipe main body 71, an insertion member 75 having a substantially T-shaped cross section is attached so that a base can be inserted into the groove of the inserted member, and the steel sheet pile is erected. The flat plate member 72 is attached so as to correspond to one surface when constructing the impermeable wall 2D. The flat plate member 72 is formed of a plate having a width substantially equal to the sum of the diameter of the pipe 71 and the length of the joint member 73, and one end of the flat plate member 72 is attached via a weld C. When the steel sheet piles are connected and erected, the free side ends of the flat plate members 72 are formed so as to contact the side parts of the adjacent steel sheet piles. In the example using the steel pipe sheet pile, in addition to providing the inserted member 74 and the insertion member 75 as the joint member, the joint portion is formed by combining the channel steel described in FIG. It is also possible to configure, and it is also possible to provide a joint made of a channel steel by providing an additional member such as a spacer member by welding at a portion where the channel steel is attached to the steel pipe sheet pile.
[0041]
When the continuous wall 2D is constructed using the pipe composite pile 70, the joint members 73 are formed as continuous walls between the adjacent pipe composite piles 70, 70a,. Further, a substantially triangular side space 77 surrounded by the inside of the flat plate member 72 is formed on one side surface of the continuous wall. Therefore, in the joint member 73 formed by filling the side space 77 with a water blocking material and inserting the insertion member 75 into the inserted member 74, the joint portion space 76 has a large fluidity. By filling the water blocking material, it becomes possible to combine the main body filling material 26 and the joint portion filling material 25 to effectively exhibit the water blocking effect in the continuous wall. Further, in the flat plate member 72 disposed so as to surround the side space 77, when it is assumed that a large gap is formed between the free side end and the adjacent pipe, if the side space 77 is A sheet-like water-impervious sheet 78 capable of exhibiting a water-impervious effect is inserted therein, provided so as to close the gap in the side space 77, and then an auxiliary means for filling the main body filler 26 may be used. it can. As the water-impervious sheet 78, rubber, vinyl chloride, or another sheet having a property of impervious to water, which can be inserted in a folded state, can be used. The body filler is inserted into the corner that is supposed to be generated, and the body filler is filled behind the corner, thereby preventing the body filler from leaking out, so that the water blocking by the body filler can be maintained well.
[0042]
As described above, the steel sheet piles are buried or erected adjacent to each other, and connected to each other via a joint member to form a continuous wall. When filling the space portion with a water-blocking material, a case in which a soil-based water-blocking material is used without using a material such as an asphalt mixture is applied as in the above-described embodiments. Therefore, the soil-based water barrier material is formed as a water barrier material by adding a gap adjusting material such as bentonite at a predetermined ratio to a soil material mainly composed of seabed soil (clay soil). I do. Then, an organic liquid such as water or ethanol is added to the soil-based impermeable material, and the fluidity as the impermeable material is improved and adjusted so that the water content can be maintained. In many cases, a soil-based impermeable material is formed. When using the soil type impermeable material, solid components contained in the impermeable material gradually settle, the lower soil is compacted, the content of liquid such as moisture is reduced and solidified. It is assumed that the most inconvenient state for the soil-based impermeable material occurs in which cracks occur and the volume decreases. Therefore, to a predetermined depth with respect to the water-blocking material, a tubular member for constantly supplying a liquid is provided buried in the filler, and the water or the water is always provided for the filler. An organic liquid or the like can be supplied.
[0043]
In the example shown in FIG. 10, a large number of steel sheet piles are erected to form a cylindrical cellular member, and the cellular members 81... Are constructed as a cell revetment 80 arranged at predetermined intervals. . Further, the management type revetment 1A in which the arc-shaped connecting portions 82 are arranged so as to be connected between the respective cell-shaped members 81 and are constructed in a shape in which the impermeable wall and the revetment main body are combined as one body. An example is shown. In the seawall 1A, as shown in FIG. 11, in order to construct the seawall 80 by combining the cell-shaped main body member 81 and the arc-shaped connecting portion 82, a large number of the various steel sheet piles are erected adjacent to each other. It is possible to build. Then, by applying a water-blocking treatment such as filling a water-blocking material to each connection portion of each steel sheet pile as needed, the diameter of the cylindrical sheet pile is about 20 m, and the inside of the cylindrical sheet pile is water-blocked. A water-blocking wall is formed so that the water-blocking inside and outside the cellular main body member 81 can be maintained.
[0044]
Also, in the arc-shaped connecting portions 82 provided between the cell-shaped main body members 81, as in the case of the cell-shaped main body members 81, the water impervious walls are formed by driving steel sheet piles in a row. It is constructed so that the connection portion of the steel sheet pile is filled with a water-blocking material as necessary, so that the water-blocking performance can be exhibited. In the cell revetment 80, the revetment constituted by the cell-shaped main body is configured as a structure having a high self-supporting strength. Therefore, it is possible to construct the upper protection portion 6a by performing processing such as casting concrete or the like on the upper portion of the cell revetment 80, and to provide the upper portion of the revetment 1A which is widely configured as a work place.
[0045]
When the cell revetment 80 is constructed, the sheet revetment 80 is constructed by piercing or burying a steel sheet pile to a predetermined depth in the water-impermeable layer 3 through the permeable layer or the soft ground 4 of the seabed. The ground 4 is formed as an improved soil layer 4a that has been subjected to a process of strengthening the ground. Further, on both sides of the sea side and the landfill side 7 of the improved soil layer 4a, it is also possible to remove the soft ground soil as necessary and to construct the replacement soil layers 8, 8 in which sand or the like is replaced. Be done. Then, as described above, the cell-shaped main body member 81, which is constructed by erecting a steel sheet pile, and the joint portion of each of the arc-shaped connection portions 82 are filled with a water-impervious material, and the arc-shaped material is further formed. The inner space of the connecting portion 82 is filled with a water-blocking material to form an impermeable wall, and the inland waters defined by the seawall 1A are used as a landfill 7 for dumping waste.
[0046]
When constructing the cell-shaped main body member 81 and the arc-shaped connecting portion 82, as shown in each of the above-described embodiments, using a steel sheet pile to which a joint member is attached, while combining the joint members, FIGS. The steel sheet pile can be built upright as shown in FIG. In addition, an arc-shaped member (unit body) formed by welding a plurality of steel sheet piles on land is placed adjacent to each other so as to draw a circle having a large radius, and a joint of the arc-shaped unit body is provided. It is also possible to construct the cell-shaped main body member 81 or the arc-shaped connection part 82 by connecting the parts by performing a water shielding treatment. The inner space of the cell-shaped main body member 81 can be filled with clayey soil or soil obtained by dredging the seabed to form a filling layer 83. The inner space of the arc-shaped connecting portion 82 can be formed. Then, a water barrier layer 84 filled with a soil filler is formed to construct a revetment 1A for partitioning the landfill 7 for the cell revetment 80 and the open sea. In the examples shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the cell-shaped main body portion 81 and the arc-shaped connection portion 82 have been described by simplifying the configuration of their walls. , H, I-section steel or other shapes of steel sheet pile, and is constructed by subjecting joints and the like to water-blocking treatment.
[0047]
In the revetment 1A shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, it is important to connect the steel sheet pile at the connection portion B between the cell-shaped main body member 81 and the arc-shaped connection portion 82 and to exhibit the water blocking property. It is also possible to use a connecting member as shown in FIG. The example shown in FIG. 13 illustrates the configuration of the T-shaped sheet pile member 85. The T-shaped sheet pile member 85 is a flat plate-like member provided with connecting members 89 at both ends. A connection plate 87 formed by cutting the sheet-like sheet pile 86 in half in the width direction is fixed to the sheet pile 86 via a welded portion C. When the T-shaped sheet pile member 85 has low reliability in fixing and holding the connection plate 87, the T-shaped sheet pile member 85 surrounds a connection base (welded portion) similarly to a conventional steel sheet pile called a T-shaped sheet pile member. As described above, a T-shaped steel sheet pile is used as a strong one by welding or riveting the reinforcing members 88, 88 on both sides.
[0048]
In addition to the case where the connecting portion B is constructed by using the T-shaped sheet pile member 85 configured as described above, it is also used when the cell-shaped main body member 81 is constructed by combining an H-shaped steel or a box-shaped sheet pile. It is possible to configure a connecting member by attaching a connecting portion to a steel sheet pile. For example, for any steel sheet pile described in each of the above embodiments, a member similar to the connecting plate 87 is provided at a predetermined angle at a right angle as a connecting portion to the arc-shaped connecting portion 82, and the arc-shaped connecting portion is provided. It can also be used as a connection to a steel sheet pile to be erected. Therefore, using the connecting member provided on the steel sheet pile, the arc-shaped connecting portion 82 is connected to and integrated with the cell-shaped main body member 81, and an arbitrary water-impervious material is also used for the space of the connecting portion. By performing the water impervious treatment by filling the inner space, the inner and outer water impermeability can be favorably exhibited even at the connection portion B. In the revetment 1A having the above-described configuration, the water-impervious material at the joints is filled by filling each of the joints of the steel sheet piles with the impervious material and using any material as the impervious material. Can be satisfactorily exhibited in the same manner as in each of the above embodiments.
[0049]
As described above, in the example in which the steel sheet piles are erected in a row to construct a water impervious wall, mortar, concrete, asphalt mixture is used as a filler material for exhibiting water impermeability between the steel sheet piles. Conventionally, various proposals have been made to use a soil type water barrier material or the like. In each embodiment of the present invention, a material having relatively high viscosity and fluidity, such as an asphalt mixture, can be used for a space between section steels having a large cross-sectional area. On the other hand, in a space portion having a small cross section formed in the joint portion, if a water-blocking material that can maintain a large fluidity for a long time and exhibit water-blocking properties is used, a filler ( (Water impervious material), which can be satisfactorily exerted in a thin and long column.
[0050]
Therefore, in order to meet the above-mentioned requirement, in the example of the joint portion shown in FIG. 14, at the connection portion of the H-section steel, the space between the H-section steel sections is filled with an asphalt mixture or the like. The joint space of the joints 14 on both sides is filled with a soil-based filler as a joint filler 25. When the joint filling material 25 is filled, the soil-based impermeable material or fine-grained material settles in a state where the water 51 is separated, so that water remains at the upper portion. Water 51 is replenished excessively, and water is replenished from above while pressing down the settled component 50 of the soil-based water barrier material from above in the space partitioned by the surrounding members of the joint portion. Therefore, in the joint filling material filled in the joint space 18, moisture does not escape, so even in the upper structure portion of the impermeable wall projecting above the water surface, moisture escapes from the joint filling material. No more solidification.
[0051]
In the example shown in FIG. 15, as shown in FIG. 14, when the joint space is filled with the joint filler, the joint filler is pressed from above to consolidate the soil-based impermeable material. In this case, the operation of filling the space without gaps can be performed more favorably. Then, as in the case of FIG. 14, in addition to adding an action of filling only water with a predetermined height on the upper portion and pressing, the weight member 52 is placed on the joint filler. The weight member can press the soil-based water impermeable material that sinks in a state where water is separated from the filler material at the joint portion with a greater force. In addition, any weight member can be used as the weight member, but even if a bag in which water is put is put on the bag, a sufficient pressing action can be imparted. Further, as the weight member 52, a material similar to the asphalt mixture to be filled in other portions may be placed with a predetermined thickness, or an asphalt mixture having a higher specific gravity may be placed.
[0052]
As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, water and other pressing / protecting means or a means for replenishing water are additionally provided on the filler for filling the joint portion. In this case, the high and low tide level (HWL) or (LWL) of the tide of the sea in FIG. 1, the management water level (CWL) of the landfill, and the residual water level (R. W.L), the level at which the impermeable material is filled is set. Actually, as shown in FIG. 15, the height at which the soil-based filler is filled is set at a low water level of the tide, or at a position lower than the control water level or the residual water level, and a weight member is provided above the water level. Is effective. Further, by additionally using a means for supplying moisture to the water-blocking material filled in the joint portion and a pressing means, it is possible to properly maintain the water inside the water-blocking material, It is possible to prevent problems such as cracks from occurring in the water material and gaps due to a decrease in volume inside the water material, and other problems such as a problem in water blocking.
[0053]
As the water-blocking material to be filled in the joint space, conventionally, a water-blocking material such as an asphalt mixture, which can exhibit elasticity and viscosity over a long period of time, is subjected to a process of heating and improving fluidity. It is proposed to be put in the state. On the other hand, in recent years, as in the case of a soil-based water barrier, water is added to the soil to improve the fluidity, and the soil-based water barrier material or the soil material mainly composed of soil is used. A treatment to improve fluidity and a treatment to which an additive for facilitating solidification is added are often used. As the soil material, as in the case of muddy water generally used for excavation of cast-in-place piles and the like at civil engineering sites, bentonite as a main component, a soil-based water-blocking material material having an adjusted moisture content, or a seabed material What mixed arbitrary additives with sedimentary soil can be used. And, for the soil material, in addition to coal ash and resin material, optional additives such as a sticky component such as mannan for improving fluidity and a fine powder of a fibrous material capable of exhibiting water absorption. It is also possible to use a mixture of these.
[0054]
Therefore, also in the present embodiment, a soil-based material such as bentonite that improves water-shielding properties is mixed with a clay-based soil or a soil-based material obtained by excavating the seabed, thereby improving fluidity. Water and a resin material are added to the mixture, and any additive material for ensuring the solidification after the construction is added at a predetermined ratio. As the additive material, in addition to the coal ash, finely pulverized blast furnace slag, fly ash, sand, or the like can be used. In addition, when the cross-sectional area of the joint portion filled with the water-blocking material is large, a stone-based material such as sand, stone powder, or crushed stone can be used as the filler. Even when the mixing ratio of the filler is increased, the space between the large stones and the like is filled with the clay material so as to close the gap, so that the water shielding property is not impaired, It is possible to maintain the water barrier with the system water barrier.
[0055]
And, as described above, after adding the optional additive material and filling the joint space with the soil water-blocking material whose moisture ratio is appropriately adjusted, when the fine particle component settles out of the soil filler. However, when the soil component is lower than the design level, it is possible to maintain good water shielding at the joint portion by additionally adding a filler. Further, by providing a means for replenishing moisture above the filler in the internal space of the joint portion, it is possible to constantly replenish moisture to the impermeable material. Then, even when the soil filler is compacted, moisture enters into a place where the balance of the compacted state is lost due to some pressure, vibration, or the like, and the water barrier performance of the soil filler is maintained in a good state. You can do it.
[0056]
In the example shown in FIG. 16, in addition to the examples shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, a cylindrical member 55 for supplying liquid is embedded in a filler 50. The material which mixed liquids such as water and ethanol into the system water barrier material is used. As the cylindrical member 55, a member provided with a large number of minute holes is used, and is disposed so as to be buried to a predetermined depth D in a water-blocking material serving as the filler 50, and is disposed therein. By filling the liquid, the liquid component can always be supplied to the filler 50. In addition, as described in FIG. 16 and the subsequent examples, in the description regarding the water-impervious material filling the space formed in the connection part of the steel sheet pile, all of the water-impervious walls described in each embodiment of the water impervious wall are described. The example can be the object, but in order to simplify the description, a connection portion such as a space portion between the main bodies formed in the water-impervious wall 2C in FIG. As an example, an example in which a liquid is supplied to a soil-based filler will be described. Further, as the filler 50, the joint filler 25 or the body filler 26 described in each of the above embodiments can be used.
[0057]
As shown in FIG. 16, when a cylindrical member as a liquid supply unit is additionally provided in the filler 50, they are arranged as shown in FIGS. 17A to 17C, respectively. Can be. In the example shown in FIG. 17A, a cylindrical tubular member 55 is buried and arranged in the center of the filler 50, and means for supplying liquid from the center is provided. In the example shown in (b), the cylinder members 56 are arranged at the four corners of the filler 50 to constitute the liquid supply means. Also, as shown in FIG. 3 (c), when the central tubular member 55 and the corner tubular members 56 are arranged in combination, it is very effective for a filling space having a large cross section. . The liquid is supplied and removed from the tubular member provided in the filler 50 so as to always maintain a constant water level, and a settling component of the filler or a liquid in the upper part is provided. In order to make the level of water constant at the assumed height, for example, the remaining water level (RWL) of the landfill, adjustment work such as replenishment of fillers is performed at any time. Therefore, it is possible to favorably maintain the water blocking effect on the water blocking wall.
[0058]
As another means for supplying the liquid to the filler 50, as shown in FIG. 18, one of the middle plate members 63 that defines the joint space 65 of the steel sheet pile is formed as a perforated plate 68. The liquid is stored in the space 64 between the main bodies of the special box-shaped pile 60. The liquid filled in the space 64 between the main bodies is always supplied from the perforated plate 68 to the filler 50, so that the soil filler as the filler 50 is constantly gelled. The quality of the filler is maintained so as not to cause a problem in water blocking such as solidification. As the perforated plate 68 provided with a means for supplying a liquid to the filler 50, a plate provided with minute holes or the like in an iron plate can be used. By forming holes in advance, it is possible to always supply necessary liquid to the space filled with filler when a steel sheet pile is continuously erected and the impermeable wall is constructed. It becomes possible.
[0059]
In each of the above embodiments, the impermeable wall was constructed by erecting a steel sheet pile, and by filling the joint portion with the impermeable material, it was described that an impermeable wall could be constructed. The water impermeable wall may be configured using a caisson. When constructing seawalls etc. by arranging a large number of the caisson, it is necessary to water-block the gap between each caisson, and for that reason, conventionally, a rubber cylindrical one at both ends of the gap of the caisson The space between the cylinders is filled with an asphalt mixture or the like. On the other hand, by using the soil-based water-blocking material instead of the asphalt mixture and filling the space between the rubber cylinders fixedly arranged at both ends of the gap, as described in the above embodiments, It can be configured as a water barrier between caissons. As the soil-based water barrier material, a soil material mainly composed of soil having properties such as sticky clay, a treatment for improving fluidity, and a material to which an additive for facilitating solidification is added. Even if the caisson is slightly moved, the caisson is processed so as to cope with the deformation of the gap. Further, a means for replenishing water or a solvent and a pressing means for the soil-based material are additionally provided as disclosed in the embodiment, and the soil-based water-blocking material is dehydrated and solidified. When the size of the gap is deformed by the external force applied to the caisson, the impermeable layer can be constructed so as to follow the deformation.
[0060]
As the steel sheet pile used for constructing the impermeable wall, a material such as a shaped steel, as shown in the above embodiments, can be used. It is also possible to attach a steel material as described in each of the above embodiments and combine it as a joint member. That is, in the present invention, it is possible to form a joint space and a side space between the sheet pile bodies, a space between the main bodies, and the like using the constituent members of the joint member. By filling an arbitrary water-blocking material, the water-blocking can be exhibited in a favorable state. And in the steel sheet pile constituting the impermeable wall, a gap generated at the joint is not formed, and contaminated water or the like inside the landfill is passed to the open sea through the gap of the impermeable wall. It can be easily prevented from spilling, so that it does not pollute the ocean.
[0061]
【The invention's effect】
By constructing a continuous impermeable wall using the steel sheet piles configured as described above, it is possible to maintain good water impermeability between the steel sheet piles, and wastewater generated from waste inside the landfill, so-called retained water. Can be contained in landfills. In addition, as the steel sheet pile, commercially available inexpensive steel materials such as H-shaped steel, I-shaped steel, steel shaped steel or steel pipe having a hollow cross section in a pipe shape are used. Since a commercially available shaped steel is processed as the connecting member, the construction cost of the partition seawall can be reduced. And, after the steel sheet pile is erected adjacently and constructed as a continuous wall, the space between the main body of the steel sheet pile and the space of the joint, or the space of the joint, or The space between the main units is filled with water-blocking material in all or selected spaces that require water-blocking treatment, and the performance as a water-blocking wall is exhibited over a long period of time. Can be done.
[0062]
Furthermore, in the case where water is likely to flow between the steel sheet pile main bodies, such as the space between the steel sheet piles and the joint portion, etc., when filling with any type of different water-blocking material. Thus, the filling operation of the water blocking material into each filling space can be performed in a good state. In addition, for the soil-based filled water shielding material, a means for maintaining and replenishing moisture or an organic solvent and the like, when using a pressing means, or a means for maintaining and replenishing moisture or an organic solvent and the like, Alternatively, by providing any auxiliary means such as a pressing means, the water shielding property can be maintained for a long period of time. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the most inconvenient state for the impermeable material, such as dehydration and solidification of the soil-based filled impermeable material, generation of cracks, and reduction in volume, thereby preventing the impermeable material. It is possible to maintain the water satisfactorily, it is possible to satisfactorily exhibit the durability of the water shielding material, and it is possible to improve the reliability as a water shielding wall.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a waste management type revetment.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration of a water impermeable wall.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a second example of a water impermeable wall using an H-shaped steel.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a third example of a water impermeable wall using an H-shaped steel.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a fourth example of a water impermeable wall using an H-shaped steel.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a fifth example of a water impermeable wall using an H-shaped steel.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a water impermeable wall using a square steel pipe.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a sixth example of the impermeable wall using a special box-shaped pile.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a seventh example of the impermeable wall using the composite pipe pile.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of a seawall constructed using a cellular main body member.
FIG. 11 is a plan view of the cell revetment of FIG.
FIG. 12 is an enlarged explanatory view of the cell revetment of FIG.
FIG. 13 is an explanatory view of a T-shaped sheet pile member of a connection portion.
FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of a water-blocking material filled in a joint space.
FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of a method of stabilizing a water-blocking material filled in a joint space.
FIG. 16 is a side view showing a configuration of a means for supplying water to the water shielding material.
FIGS. 17A to 17C are explanatory diagrams illustrating a configuration of a unit that supplies water to a water-impermeable material.
FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of another means for supplying water to the water shielding material.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 revetment, 2 impermeable wall, 3 impermeable stratum, 4 permeable stratum,
5 soil, 6 superstructure, 7 landfill, 10 H-section steel,
11 web, 12 flange, 14 joint,
15 outer joint member, 16 inner joint member, 17 plate material,
18 joint space, 19 space between steel bars, 20 joint part,
21 holding member, 22 plate member, 23 plate member,
24 end plate, 25 joint part filler, 26 body part filler,
30, 35 H-section steel, 33 joint, 34 large-diameter channel member,
38 small-diameter channel member, 40 square steel pipe, 41 side plate,
42 joint part, 43/44 channel steel, 45 joint space,
45 inter-section space, 50 joint filler, 51 upper water,
52 pressing member, 55 cylinder member, 56 cylinder member,
60 special box-shaped pile, 61 side plate member, 62 joint member,
63 middle plate member, 64 space between main bodies, 65 joint space,
66 perforated plate, 70 pipe composite pile, 71 pipe body,
72 plate member, 72 joint member, 74 inserted member,
75 insertion member, 76 joint space, 77 side space,
78 water barrier sheet, 80 cell revetment, 81 cellular body member,
82 arc-shaped connection part, 83 filling layer, 84 impermeable layer,
85 T-shaped sheet pile member, 86 plate-shaped sheet pile, 87 connecting plate,
88 reinforcing member, 89 connecting member.

Claims

In a managed revetment where steel sheet piles are erected continuously to construct impermeable walls along the coast or around the landfill for waste that is planned for the sea area,
Joint members are provided at both ends of the steel sheet pile corresponding to the normal direction of the impermeable wall,
When the joint member is configured by combining two adjacent steel sheet piles to form a joint, a member configured to form a space inside the joint portion is used,
After the steel sheet pile is erected adjacently and constructed as a continuous wall, the space between the body of the steel sheet pile and the space of the joint, or the space of the joint, or between the body of the joint A water-blocking method for managed seawalls, characterized by filling the space with a water-blocking material to form a water-blocking wall.

Using an H-shaped steel of the same size as the steel sheet pile, in the thickness direction of the H-shaped steel corresponding to the thickness direction of the impermeable wall, provided joint members at both ends of the parallel flange,
As a joint member provided in the H-section steel,
An outer joint member provided by projecting from an end of each flange,
Using two types of H-section steel, one with inner joint members provided at both ends of each flange,
Two types of H-shaped steels having different configurations of the joint members are alternately erected, and a water-impervious wall is constructed by combining the joint members of the respective H-shaped steels,
Between the standing steel sheet piles, a water impermeable material is applied to the space between the steel sheet pile main body and the joint space, or the joint space, or the space between the main bodies. The method according to claim 1, wherein the water is filled and subjected to a water shielding treatment.

Using different H-shaped steel of large and small size as the steel sheet pile,
For large-sized steel sheet piles, joint members are provided inside both ends of the flange,
For small-sized steel sheet piles, joint members are provided outside both ends of the flange,
The large and small steel sheet piles are alternately erected to combine the joint members to construct a continuous wall,
The space between the steel sheet piles and the space between the steel sheet pile main body and the joint part, or the space between the joint parts, or the space between the main bodies, are filled with a water barrier material. 3. A method for controlling a seawall according to claim 1 or 2, wherein water is impermeable.

Using an H-beam or I-beam as the steel sheet pile,
An outer joint member provided at each end of each flange of the steel sheet pile by protruding therefrom,
Prepare two types of steel sheet piles, one each having an inner joint member at both ends of each flange of the steel sheet pile,
The two types of steel sheet piles are erected alternately adjacently, and a continuous wall is constructed by combining the two types of joint members,
Between the standing steel sheet piles, a water impermeable material is applied to the space between the steel sheet pile main body and the joint space, or the joint space, or the space between the main bodies. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the method is filled and subjected to a water shielding treatment.

Using a box-shaped member or a circular member having a hollow cross section as the steel sheet pile,
On both sides of the steel sheet pile using the hollow member, a joint member using a pair of channel steel is attached by protruding,
In the channel steel as the joint member,
One steel sheet pile, which is erected alternately, is a joint member with the groove facing inward,
In the steel sheet pile using the other hollow member, each of the steel sheet piles is configured as a joint member having a groove facing outward, and the two types of steel sheet piles are alternately erected so as to combine the joint members. After constructing, filling the space between the body of the steel sheet pile and the space of the joint, or the space of the joint, or the space between the body with a water barrier material, 2. The method of claim 1, wherein a water barrier treatment is performed.

The steel sheet piles are connected and erected using a joint member to construct a large-diameter cylindrical steel sheet pile cell,
The joint portion of the steel sheet pile is subjected to a water impermeability treatment to constitute a water impervious wall,
The steel sheet pile cells are arranged in a row at predetermined intervals or adjacent to each other,
The cells of the steel sheet piles arranged in the row are connected by an arc member configured by erecting a steel sheet pile in a curved shape,
6. The control type seawall protection according to claim 1, wherein the space formed between the connection portion by the arc member and the cell is filled with a water blocking material to perform a water blocking process. 7. Water construction method.

In the management type seawall where the cell constructed as the impermeable wall and the arc member were constructed in rows,
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the interior of the cell and the interior surrounded by the arc member are filled with waste, a soil material, a stone material, or a water barrier material. .

After erecting the steel sheet pile to build a continuous wall,
As a water-blocking material to be filled in each of the space between the steel sheet piles and the space between the sheet-pile body and the joint portion, one of an asphalt mixture or a soil-based water-blocking material; The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a plurality of types of water barrier materials are combined and filled.

Of the space between the steel sheet piles, and each of the space parts of the sheet pile main body or the joint part, the space part having a small cross section is filled with a soil-based impermeable material as a filler,
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein an asphalt mixture is used as a water-blocking material filled in a large space of the space.

The space between the steel sheet piles, and the soil-based impermeable material filling each of the space parts between the sheet pile body or the joint portion,
In addition to the clay material, a water barrier was added by adding a gap adjusting material such as bentonite,
10. A method for controlling a seawall according to claim 8, wherein a gelling material for preventing separation of materials or a material for adjusting fluidity and a material for adjusting fluidity are used in an appropriate ratio. .

When filling the joint space between the steel sheet piles and the space between the sheet pile main body or the joint parts with a soil-based impermeable material,
Asphalt mixture or concrete, mortar, such as asphalt mixture or concrete, a material having a large specific gravity, water-impermeable and water-impervious material is placed on top of the filled water-impervious material, and used as a means for applying pressure or a means for preventing dehydration. The method according to claim 10, wherein the seawall is protected.

For the impermeable layer formed by filling the soil-based impermeable material, one of a means for supplying water or an additive component and a pressing means, or the two means are provided in combination,
The method according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein water is appropriately supplied to the water-blocking material of the water-blocking layer, and the water-blocking property is maintained.

For the soil-based filler constituting the impermeable layer, to supply a material exhibiting moisture or fluidity,
A hollow cylindrical member having water permeability that reaches a predetermined depth from above the water-impervious layer is provided by burying the hollow member.
The method according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the water level is adjusted so that the water level inside the tubular member maintains a predetermined height.