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JP2004161983A - Method for carrying out decomposition treatment of thermosetting resin and method for recycling the same resin - Google Patents

Method for carrying out decomposition treatment of thermosetting resin and method for recycling the same resin Download PDF

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JP2004161983A
JP2004161983A JP2003065884A JP2003065884A JP2004161983A JP 2004161983 A JP2004161983 A JP 2004161983A JP 2003065884 A JP2003065884 A JP 2003065884A JP 2003065884 A JP2003065884 A JP 2003065884A JP 2004161983 A JP2004161983 A JP 2004161983A
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thermosetting resin
compound
decomposing
decomposition
molecular weight
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JP3888979B2 (en
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Tomoko Iwasaki
智子 岩崎
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Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd
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Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J11/00Recovery or working-up of waste materials
    • C08J11/04Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
    • C08J11/10Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation
    • C08J11/18Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by treatment with organic material
    • C08J11/22Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by treatment with organic material by treatment with organic oxygen-containing compounds
    • C08J11/24Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by treatment with organic material by treatment with organic oxygen-containing compounds containing hydroxyl groups
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J11/00Recovery or working-up of waste materials
    • C08J11/04Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
    • C08J11/10Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation
    • C08J11/18Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by treatment with organic material
    • C08J11/22Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by treatment with organic material by treatment with organic oxygen-containing compounds
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/54Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using solvents, e.g. supercritical solvents or ionic liquids
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently obtain a high molecular weight compound in a shorter time when decomposition treatment of thermosetting resins contained in large amounts in wastes is carried out. <P>SOLUTION: A method for carrying out decomposition treatment of the thermosetting resins comprises decomposing the thermosetting resins by using a mononuclear phenol compound in supercritical or subcritical state or a mixture of water with the mononuclear phenol compound as a reaction solvent. In the decomposition treatment method, a formaldehyde compound is further added thereto during a decomposition step of the thermosetting resins. As a result, low molecular weight to high molecular weight compounds consisting mainly of a resin component having 200-100,000 molecular weight are efficiently recovered in a short time. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、熱硬化性樹脂の分解処理方法およびリサイクル方法に関する。更に詳しくは、工場などから大量に廃棄されている産業廃棄物や、一般廃棄物中に含まれる熱硬化性樹脂を分解処理する方法であり、更には、この方法により、得られた低分子量から高分子量化合物を、熱硬化性樹脂の原料として再利用するリサイクル方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
プラスチックの中でも熱硬化性樹脂は、優れた電気絶縁性・耐熱性・機械的強度を示すため、電気・電子部品、自動車部品等の材料として広く用いられている。しかし、熱硬化性樹脂は、一旦、硬化すると、熱により軟化・融解せず、溶剤にも溶解しないため、その硬化物をプラスチック原料として再生することは技術的に困難であった。
【0003】
近年、これらの課題を克服するための、超臨界流体を用いて熱硬化性樹脂を分解処理する方法が検討されている。例えば、超臨界水単独では難分解性な熱硬化性樹脂を分解処理およびリサイクルするために、超臨界又は亜臨界状態の、単核フェノール類化合物又は水/単核フェノール類化合物の溶液中で可溶化処理する方法が検討されている(例えば、特許文献1参照。)。この方法では、酸触媒やアルカリ触媒などを加えることなく、10分間程度の短い反応時間で熱硬化性樹脂が可溶化して、分子量200〜10,000の樹脂成分を回収できるとしている。
【0004】
リサイクルにより得られた原料から製造された熱硬化性樹脂の硬化性を向上させるため、高分子量化は重要であるが、上記の方法による熱硬化性樹脂のリサイクルにおいて、回収できる樹脂成分の分子量には上限があり、それ以上の高い分子量の樹脂成分を得ることは困難である。
【0005】
【特許文献1】
特開2001−151933号公報(第3−4頁)
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、分解効率が良く、より高分子量の化合物が得られる熱硬化性樹脂の分解処理方法及びリサイクル方法を提供するものである。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、超臨界条件下、単核フェノール類化合物を含む反応溶媒中で、熱硬化性樹脂の分解処理を行う際に、ホルムアルデヒド類化合物を添加し分解反応を行うことで、より高分子量の化合物が効率よく得られることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0008】
すなわち、本発明は、
(1) 超臨界又は亜臨界状態の、単核フェノール類化合物又は水と単核フェノール類化合物との混合物を反応溶媒として、熱硬化性樹脂を分解する分解処理方法において、さらにホルムアルデヒド類化合物を添加することを特徴とする、熱硬化性樹脂の分解処理方法、
(2) ホルムアルデヒド類化合物を、熱硬化性樹脂の分解工程中で添加する、前記第(1)項に記載の熱硬化性樹脂の分解処理方法、
(3) ホルムアルデヒド類化合物が、ホルムアルデヒド、パラホルム、トリオキサン、ヘキサメチレンテトラミン及びそれらの水溶液の中から選ばれる、前記第(1)項又は第(2)項に記載の熱硬化性樹脂の分解処理方法、
(4) ホルムアルデヒド類化合物が、ホルムアルデヒド又はパラホルムである前記第(3)項に記載の熱硬化性樹脂の分解処理方法。
(5) 単核フェノール類化合物が、フェノール、クレゾール、キシレノール、レゾルシノール、及びアルキル置換フェノールの中から選ばれる、前記第(1)項〜第(4)項のいずれかに記載の熱硬化性樹脂の分解処理方法、
(6) フェノール類化合物が、フェノールである前記第(5)項記載の熱硬化性樹脂の分解処理方法、
(7) 単核フェノール類化合物が、前記熱硬化性樹脂の分解処理方法により得られた200〜100,000の分子量を有する樹脂成分を主体とする低分子量から高分子量の化合物より分離、精製して得られたものである、前記第(1)項〜第(6)項のいずれかに記載の熱硬化性樹脂の分解処理方法、
(8) 熱硬化性樹脂が、フェノール樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、メラミン樹脂、及びユリア樹脂の中から選択された1種又は2種以上である、前記第(1)項〜第(7)項のいずれかに記載の熱硬化性樹脂の分解処理方法、
(9) 熱硬化性樹脂が、フェノール樹脂である前記第(8)項記載の熱硬化性樹脂の分解処理方法、
(10) 前記第(1)項〜第(9)項のいずれかに記載の分解処理方法により、熱硬化性樹脂を分解して得られた200〜100,000の分子量を有する樹脂成分を主体とする低分子量から高分子量の化合物を、熱硬化性樹脂の原料として再利用する熱硬化性樹脂のリサイクル方法、
を提供するものである。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明は、超臨界又は亜臨界状態の、単核フェノール類化合物又は水と単核フェノール類化合物との混合物を反応溶媒として、熱硬化性樹脂を分解する分解処理方法において、さらにホルムアルデヒド類化合物を添加することで、分解効率よく、200〜100,000の分子量を有する樹脂成分を主体とする低分子量から高分子量の化合物を分解回収することができる熱硬化性樹脂の分解処理方法であり、特に、ホルムアルデヒド類の添加を、熱硬化性樹脂の分解工程中で行うことにより、更に、短時間で分解処理が可能となるものである。また、本発明は、前記熱硬化性樹脂の分解処理方法により分解回収された化合物を再利用するリサイクル方法である。
【0010】
本発明で熱硬化性樹脂から回収できる分子量200〜100,000の樹脂成分を主体とする低分子量から高分子量化合物とは、ここで示した分子量の樹脂成分が50重量%以上含まれることを言うが、主体とする前記樹脂成分の他に、分子量100,000以上の樹脂成分も含まれる。また、分子量200〜100,000の樹脂成分としては、通常の熱硬化性樹脂の場合は、原料モノマーの2〜1000核体程度である。
【0011】
本発明に用いるホルムアルデヒド類化合物としては、ホルムアルデヒド、パラホルム、トリオキサン、ヘキサメチレンテトラミン及びそれらの水溶液が好適に挙げられ、これらの1種または2種以上が用いられる。これらの中でより好ましくはパラホルム、ホルムアルデヒドが挙げられる。ただし、固体のホルムアルデヒド類化合物を用いる場合には、予め、前記固体のホルムアルデヒド類化合物を、単核フェノール類化合物又は水と単核フェノール類化合物との混合物の一部と、混合し、スラリー化する必要がある。スラリー化に用いる単核フェノール類化合物又は水と単核フェノール類化合物との混合物の使用割合としては、本発明で用いる単核フェノール類化合物又は水と単核フェノール類化合物との混合物全量100重量部に対して、1〜99重量部の範囲が好ましく、さらに好ましくは15〜30重量部の範囲である。
本発明において、添加するホルムアルデヒド類化合物の使用割合としては、熱硬化性樹脂100重量部に対して、1〜100重量部の範囲が好ましく、更に好ましくは5〜50重量部の範囲である。ホルムアルデヒド類化合物が上記の範囲よりも少なくなると、高分子量化反応に関して格別の効果が得られない場合がある。一方、上記の範囲よりも多くなると、部分的にゲル化し、回収が困難になる。
【0012】
本発明において反応溶媒として用いる単核フェノール類化合物は、フェノール、クレゾール、キシレノール、レゾルシノール、及びp−tert−ブチルフェノールなどのアルキル置換フェノールが好適に挙げられ、これらの1種又は2種以上が用いられる。これらの内、コスト面および分解反応に与える効果から、フェノールが好ましい。
また、単核フェノール類化合物は、本発明の熱硬化性樹脂の分解処理方法により得られた200〜100,000の分子量を有する樹脂成分を主体とする低分子量から高分子量の化合物より分離、精製して得られたものを用いることができる。
【0013】
本発明において、反応溶媒として、水と単核フェノール類化合物との混合物を用いる場合、溶媒の混合割合としては、単核フェノール類化合物100重量部に対して水0.1〜500重量部の範囲が好ましく、更に好ましくは、単核フェノール類化合物100重量部に対して水5〜50重量部の範囲である。
【0014】
本発明において、単核フェノール類化合物又は水と単核フェノール類化合物との混合物の使用割合は、熱硬化性樹脂100重量部に対して、混合物50〜1000重量部の範囲が好ましく、更に好ましくは100〜400重量部の範囲である。
単核フェノール類化合物又は水と単核フェノール類化合物との混合物が上記の範囲よりも少なくなると、熱硬化性樹脂の分解反応を円滑に進行させるのが困難になる恐れがある。一方、上記の範囲よりも多くなると、好ましい上限値の効果と比べ格別の効果は得られず、その場合、溶媒を加熱するために要する熱量が増加するため、熱エネルギーの消費が多くなる。
【0015】
本発明の方法で分解される熱硬化性樹脂は、硬化した樹脂、未硬化もしくは半硬化の樹脂、樹脂を含有するワニスなどを含むものとする。また、単独の熱硬化性樹脂の他に、シリカ微粒子、ガラス繊維等の無機質系や、木粉等の有機質系の充填剤を含む成形材料もしくは成形品、ガラス布のような無機質系や、紙、布等の有機質系基材を用いた積層板、これに銅箔等の金属箔を張り合わせた金属張り積層板、さらには銅張り積層板などを加工して得られるプリント回路板のような熱硬化性樹脂製品も含むものとする。
また、熱硬化性樹脂の種類としては、特に限定されるものではないが、本発明は、フェノール樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、メラミン樹脂、ユリア樹脂について、特に効果的に適応できる。さらに、フェノール樹脂はより効果的に適応できる。
また、分解処理に供する熱硬化性樹脂は、粉砕して用いるのが好ましく、その形状や大きさには特に制限はないが、粉砕に要するコスト、分解速度を考慮して、最適な大きさを選択すればよいが、通常は、粒子径500μm以下であり、好ましくは250μm以下、さらに好ましくは100μm以下である。
【0016】
本発明で熱硬化性樹脂から回収できる200〜100,000の分子量を有する樹脂成分を主体とする低分子量から高分子量の化合物は、通常、熱硬化性樹脂製品を製造する際に用いられるプレポリマーと同程度の分子量、あるいは、より高分子量であるため、必要に応じて精製を行うことにより、熱硬化性樹脂製品の化学原料(プレポリマー)として再利用することができる。
【0017】
本発明において、分解条件としては、温度及び圧力を、通常、温度が200〜500℃、圧力が1〜60Mpaの範囲で、超臨界又は亜臨界の条件に調製すれば良いが、望ましくは、温度が300〜450℃、圧力が2〜40MPa範囲で温度および圧力を設定すれば良い。温度が上記の範囲よりも低くなると、熱硬化性樹脂の分解反応速度が小さいため、短時間での処理が困難になる。一方、上記の範囲よりも高くなると、熱分解などの副反応が併発して回収した樹脂成分の化学構造が変化するため、熱硬化性樹脂製品の化学原料としての再利用が困難になる。
また、反応時間は、1〜60分の範囲で調製できるが、通常は3〜15分で分解処理が終了する。
【0018】
本発明において、ホルムアルデヒド類化合物を熱硬化性樹脂の分解工程中で添加する場合、分解が、ある程度進んだ状態で添加することが好ましく、具体的には、熱硬化性樹脂の分解可能な成分の8割程度進んだところで添加することが、より好ましい。熱硬化性樹脂の分解可能な成分の分解が、8割以上分解した時点でホルムアルデヒド類化合物を添加することにより、熱硬化性樹脂の分解に要する時間が、より短縮できる。8割未満の場合においてホルムアルデヒド類化合物を添加すると、分解反応と同時に高分子量化反応が起こるため、前記効果が小さくなる傾向にある。
【0019】
図1に、あらかじめホルムアルデヒド類化合物を添加した後、熱硬化性樹脂の分解を行う概念を示す。ホルムアルデヒド類化合物を添加してから分解した場合は分解反応と同時に高分子量化反応が起こるため高分子量のオリゴマーを回収できるが、熱硬化性樹脂の分解が完了するまでの時間の短縮が困難な場合がある。図2に、熱硬化性樹脂の分解工程中で、ホルムアルデヒド類化合物を注入する概念を示す。ホルムアルデヒド類化合物を、熱硬化性樹脂の分解工程中に添加することで、より短時間で効率良く分解処理を行うことができる。
【0020】
本発明の熱硬化性樹脂の分解処理方法は、加熱加圧容器中において、酸、アルカリ触媒を用いることなく、前記分解条件により、超臨界あるいは亜臨界状態として、単核フェノール類化合物又は水と単核フェノール類化合物との混合物からなる溶媒中で、ホルムアルデヒド類化合物を添加し、熱硬化性樹脂を分解処理することで、分解効率よく分子量200〜100,000の樹脂成分を主体とする低分子量から高分子量化合物を分解回収することができる。また、前記ホルムアルデヒド類化合物を、熱硬化性樹脂の分解工程中に添加することで、より熱分解の時間を短縮することができる。さらに、本発明のリサイクル方法は、上記方法で得られた200〜100,000の分子量を有する樹脂成分を主体とする低分子量から高分子量の化合物からなる分解生成物と反応溶媒の混合物を、常圧および減圧条件下で加熱し、溶媒(フェノール、水)を除去した後、得られた分解生成物を粉砕し、熱硬化性樹脂の原料として再利用することができる。
【0021】
【実施例】
以下、実施例を挙げて本発明を詳細に説明するが、本発明は、これによって何ら限定されるものではない。
【0022】
[実施例1] フェノール樹脂硬化物の分解
フェノール樹脂硬化物は、フェノール樹脂(住友ベークライト(株)製PR−51714)100重量部に対し、ヘキサメチレンテトラミン(和光純薬(株)製)15重量部を配合して、150℃で15分間加圧成形して、さらに180℃で4時間の熱処理を加えて調整した。これを粉砕ふるいわけして、粒子径を250μm以下に調整したものを用いた。分解処理結果を、表1にまとめて示した。
上記フェノール樹脂硬化物45.8gと、フェノール(和光純薬(株)製)77.0gと水8.6gの混合物からなる反応溶媒を、ハステロイ製のオートクレーブ(日東高圧(株)製 内容積200cm3)に仕込んだのち、加熱して内温を360℃とすることで、反応器内圧を7MPaまで上昇させ、高温高圧状態とした。予め、360℃、7MPaで5分間の分解条件で分解反応の8割が進行することを確認し、360℃、7MPaで5分間保った分解工程中で、パラホルム(和光純薬(株)製)5gをフェノール(和光純薬(株)製)19.0gと水
2.1gの混合物からなる反応溶媒と混合しスラリー化したものを注入し、冷却して、常温常圧に戻した。反応終了後、分解生成物と反応溶媒の混合物から、常圧および減圧条件下で加熱することで、溶媒(フェノール、水)を除去して、分解生成物118.4gを得た。この生成物を、テトラヒドロフラン(THF)(キシダ化学(株)製)に溶解させたのち、孔径1.0μmのフィルターで、ろ過して、ろ液をTHF可溶分とした。ろ過した後のフィルターに残ったTHF不溶残渣は、100℃で12時間乾燥させたのち秤量した。
その結果、THF不溶残渣のほとんどは、フェノール樹脂成形材料中の無機フィラーであり、樹脂および有機フィラーは、ほぼ100%がTHF可溶分まで分解したことを確認した。このTHF可溶分で得られた分解生成物の分子量および残存フェノール単量体含有量について、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー(GPC)を用いて測定したところ、Mn:750、Mw:61000の樹脂成分であることを確認した。GPC測定は、カラムに東ソーTSKgel GMHXL2本、TSKgel G2000HXL2本、検出器には示差屈折計を使用し、溶離液としてTHFを用い、流量1ml/分、温度40℃の条件で測定し、検量線よりポリスチレン換算により算出した。さらに、硬化性の目安として得られた分解生成物を粉砕し、ヘキサメチレンテトラミン(和光純薬(株)製)15重量部を配合して、150℃の熱板上でゲル化するまでの時間(ゲルタイ
ム)を測定し、102秒を得た。
【0023】
[実施例2] フェノール樹脂硬化物の分解
実施例1において、分解工程中で注入するパラホルムの量を8gに変更した以外は、実施例1と同様な操作で、分解処理を行った。分解処理結果を、表1にまとめて示した。
【0024】
[実施例3] フェノール樹脂硬化物の分解
実施例1において、あらかじめ、分解工程中で注入するパラホルムをフェノール樹脂硬化物と、フェノールと水の混合物からなる反応溶媒と共に仕込み、360℃、9MPaで10分間反応させた以外は、実施例1と同様な操作で、分解処理を行った。分解処理結果を、表1にまとめて示した。
【0025】
[比較例1] フェノール樹脂硬化物の分解
実施例1において、パラホルムを添加しない以外は、実施例1と同様な操作で、分解処理を行った。分解処理結果を、表1にまとめて示した。
【0026】
【表1】

Figure 2004161983
【0027】
[実施例4]フェノール樹脂成形材料の分解
実施例1において、熱硬化性樹脂としてフェノール樹脂成形材料45.8gを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様な操作で、分解処理を行った。分解処理結果を、表2にまとめて示した。
ここで、熱硬化性樹脂として、フェノール樹脂成形材料(PM−8200:住友ベークライト(株)製)を粉砕ふるいわけして、粒子径を250μm以下に調整したものを用いた。
【0028】
[実施例5] フェノール樹脂成形材料の分解
実施例4において、分解工程中で注入するパラホルムの添加量を8gに変更した以外は、実施例4と同様な操作で、分解処理を行った。分解処理結果を、表2にまとめて示した。
【0029】
[実施例6] フェノール樹脂成形材料の分解
実施例4において、反応温度を400℃に変更した以外は、実施例4と同様な操作で、分解処理を行った。分解処理結果を、表2にまとめて示した。
【0030】
[実施例7] フェノール樹脂成形材料の分解
実施例4において、分解工程中で注入するパラホルムの代わりにトリオキサン(関東化学(株)製)に変更した以外は、実施例4と同様な操作で、分解処理を行った。分解処理結果を、表2にまとめて示した。
【0031】
[実施例8] フェノール樹脂成形材料の分解
実施例4において、分解工程中で注入するパラホルムの代わりにヘキサメチレンテトラミン(和光純薬(株)製)に変更した以外は、実施例4と同様な操作で、分解処理を行った。分解処理結果を、表2にまとめて示した。
【0032】
[実施例9] フェノール樹脂成形材料の分解
実施例4において、上記フェノール樹脂硬化物45.8gと、フェノール(和光純薬(株)製)96.0gと水10.7gの混合物からなる反応溶媒を仕込み、分解工程中、ホルマリン(ホルムアルデヒド37%含有)(和光純薬(株)製)19gを注入した以外は、実施例4と同様な操作で、分解処理を行った。分解処理結果を、表2にまとめて示した。
【0033】
[実施例10]フェノール樹脂成形材料の分解
実施例4において、反応溶媒として、フェノールに代えて、オルトクレゾール(和光純薬(株)製)を用いた以外は、実施例4と同様な操作で、分解処理を行った。分解処理結果を、表2にまとめて示した。
【0034】
[実施例11]フェノール樹脂成形材料の分解
実施例4において、反応溶媒として、フェノールに代えて、2,5−キシレノール(関東化学(株)製)を用いた以外は、実施例4と同様な操作で、分解処理を行った。分解処理結果を、表2にまとめて示した。
【0035】
[実施例12]フェノール樹脂成形材料の分解
実施例4において、反応溶媒として、フェノールに代えて、レゾルシノール(関東化学(株)製)を用いた以外は、実施例4と同様な操作で、分解処理を行った。分解処理結果を、表2にまとめて示した。
【0036】
[実施例13]フェノール樹脂成形材料の分解
実施例4において、反応溶媒として、フェノールに代えて、p−tert−ブチルフェノール(関東化学(株)製)を用いた以外は、実施例4と同様な操作で、分解処理を行った。分解処理結果を、表2にまとめて示した。
【0037】
[実施例14] フェノール樹脂成形材料の分解
実施例4において、反応溶媒として、フェノールに代えて、実施例4で得た分解生成物と反応溶媒の混合物からの減圧下回収物(主としてフェノール)を用いた以外は、実施例4と同様な操作で、分解処理を行った。分解処理結果を、表2にまとめて示した。
【0038】
[実施例15] フェノール樹脂成形材料の分解
実施例4において、あらかじめ、分解工程中で注入するパラホルムをフェノール樹脂硬化物(同上)と、フェノールと水の混合物からなる反応溶媒と共に仕込み、360℃、9MPaで10分間反応させた以外は、実施例1と同様な操作で、分解処理を行った。分解処理結果を、表2にまとめて示した。
【0039】
[実施例16] エポキシ樹脂成形材料の分解
実施例1において、熱硬化性樹脂として、半導体封止用のエポキシ樹脂成形材料(住友ベークライト(株)製EME-6300H)45.8gを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様な操作で、分解処理を行い、樹脂成分:71.3gを得た。
【0040】
[実施例17]メラミン樹脂成形材料の分解
実施例1において、熱硬化性樹脂として、メラミン樹脂成形材料(松下電工製ME−J)45.8gを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様な操作で、分解処理を行い、樹脂成分:75.0gを得た。
【0041】
[実施例18]ユリア樹脂成形材料の分解
実施例1において、熱硬化性樹脂として、ユリア樹脂成形材料(松下電工製 CU−A)45.8gを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様な操作で、分解処理を行い、樹脂成分:70.6gを得た。
【0042】
[比較例2] フェノール樹脂成形材料の分解
実施例4において、パラホルムを添加しない以外は、実施例4と同様な操作で、分解処理を行った。分解処理結果を、表2にまとめて示した。
【0043】
【表2】
Figure 2004161983
【0044】
表1及び表2に示した結果からわかるように、実施例1〜8に示した分解処理方法では、より短時間で効果的に比較例1、2と同程度の高分子量の化合物を得た。さらに、反応時間の短縮により、反応点が残存するため、ゲルタイムも短縮され、硬化性が向上した。
【0045】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、熱硬化性樹脂を、より短時間で効率よく、従来法より高分子量である200〜100,000の分子量を有する樹脂成分を主体とする低分子量から高分子量の化合物に分解することができ、熱硬化性樹脂の原料としてリサイクルすることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】ホルマリンを添加し熱硬化性樹脂を分解する概念図である。
【図2】本発明によるホルマリンを添加し熱硬化性樹脂を分解する概念図である。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for decomposing a thermosetting resin and a method for recycling the same. More specifically, it is a method of decomposing a large amount of industrial waste or a thermosetting resin contained in general waste from a factory or the like. The present invention relates to a recycling method for reusing a high molecular weight compound as a raw material of a thermosetting resin.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Among plastics, thermosetting resins are widely used as materials for electric / electronic parts, automobile parts, and the like because they exhibit excellent electric insulation, heat resistance, and mechanical strength. However, once a thermosetting resin is cured, it is not softened or melted by heat and does not dissolve in a solvent, so it has been technically difficult to regenerate the cured product as a plastic raw material.
[0003]
In recent years, a method of decomposing a thermosetting resin using a supercritical fluid has been studied to overcome these problems. For example, in order to decompose and recycle a thermosetting resin that is hardly decomposable with supercritical water alone, it can be used in a solution of a mononuclear phenol compound or a water / mononuclear phenol compound in a supercritical or subcritical state. A method for solubilization has been studied (for example, see Patent Document 1). According to this method, the thermosetting resin is solubilized in a short reaction time of about 10 minutes without adding an acid catalyst or an alkali catalyst, and a resin component having a molecular weight of 200 to 10,000 can be recovered.
[0004]
In order to improve the curability of the thermosetting resin manufactured from the raw material obtained by recycling, it is important to increase the molecular weight, but in the recycling of the thermosetting resin by the above method, the molecular weight of the resin component that can be recovered is reduced. Has an upper limit, and it is difficult to obtain a higher molecular weight resin component.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2001-151933 A (page 3-4)
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention provides a method for decomposing a thermosetting resin and a method for recycling the thermosetting resin, which have a high decomposition efficiency and can obtain a higher molecular weight compound.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have found that, under supercritical conditions, when performing a decomposition treatment of a thermosetting resin in a reaction solvent containing a mononuclear phenol compound, by adding a formaldehyde compound to perform a decomposition reaction, They have found that a compound having a molecular weight can be obtained efficiently, and have completed the present invention.
[0008]
That is, the present invention
(1) In a decomposition method for decomposing a thermosetting resin using a mononuclear phenol compound or a mixture of water and a mononuclear phenol compound in a supercritical or subcritical state as a reaction solvent, a formaldehyde compound is further added. Characterized in that the thermosetting resin decomposition method,
(2) The method for decomposing a thermosetting resin according to the above item (1), wherein the formaldehyde compound is added during the decomposing step of the thermosetting resin.
(3) The method for decomposing a thermosetting resin according to the above (1) or (2), wherein the formaldehyde compound is selected from formaldehyde, paraform, trioxane, hexamethylenetetramine and an aqueous solution thereof. ,
(4) The method for decomposing a thermosetting resin according to the above (3), wherein the formaldehyde compound is formaldehyde or paraform.
(5) The thermosetting resin according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the mononuclear phenol compound is selected from phenol, cresol, xylenol, resorcinol, and alkyl-substituted phenol. Decomposition processing method,
(6) The method for decomposing a thermosetting resin according to the above (5), wherein the phenol compound is phenol,
(7) A mononuclear phenol compound is separated and purified from a low to high molecular weight compound mainly composed of a resin component having a molecular weight of 200 to 100,000 obtained by the method for decomposing a thermosetting resin. The method for decomposing a thermosetting resin according to any one of the above items (1) to (6), which is obtained by:
(8) The above item (1), wherein the thermosetting resin is one or more selected from phenol resins, epoxy resins, polyimide resins, unsaturated polyester resins, melamine resins, and urea resins. The method for decomposing a thermosetting resin according to any one of (1) to (7),
(9) The method for decomposing a thermosetting resin according to the item (8), wherein the thermosetting resin is a phenol resin.
(10) A resin component having a molecular weight of 200 to 100,000 obtained by decomposing a thermosetting resin by the decomposition treatment method according to any one of the above items (1) to (9). A method for recycling a thermosetting resin in which a low molecular weight to high molecular weight compound is reused as a raw material of the thermosetting resin,
Is provided.
[0009]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a decomposition treatment method for decomposing a thermosetting resin, using a mixture of a mononuclear phenol compound or water and a mononuclear phenol compound in a supercritical or subcritical state as a reaction solvent, further comprising a formaldehyde compound. This is a method for decomposing a thermosetting resin which can decompose and recover a compound having a molecular weight of 200 to 100,000 and a low to high molecular weight mainly containing a resin component having a molecular weight of 200 to 100,000 by addition. By performing the addition of formaldehyde during the decomposition step of the thermosetting resin, the decomposition treatment can be performed in a shorter time. Further, the present invention is a recycling method for reusing a compound decomposed and recovered by the method for decomposing a thermosetting resin.
[0010]
In the present invention, the low to high molecular weight compound mainly composed of a resin component having a molecular weight of 200 to 100,000 which can be recovered from the thermosetting resin means that the resin component having the molecular weight shown here is contained in 50% by weight or more. However, in addition to the main resin component, a resin component having a molecular weight of 100,000 or more is also included. In the case of a usual thermosetting resin, the resin component having a molecular weight of 200 to 100,000 is about 2 to 1000 nuclei of the raw material monomer.
[0011]
As the formaldehyde compound used in the present invention, formaldehyde, paraform, trioxane, hexamethylenetetramine and an aqueous solution thereof are preferably exemplified, and one or more of these are used. Of these, paraform and formaldehyde are more preferred. However, when a solid formaldehyde compound is used, the solid formaldehyde compound is previously mixed with a mononuclear phenol compound or a part of a mixture of water and a mononuclear phenol compound to form a slurry. There is a need. As the usage ratio of the mononuclear phenol compound or the mixture of water and the mononuclear phenol compound used for slurrying, the total amount of the mononuclear phenol compound or the mixture of water and the mononuclear phenol compound used in the present invention is 100 parts by weight. Is preferably in the range of 1 to 99 parts by weight, more preferably 15 to 30 parts by weight.
In the present invention, the use ratio of the formaldehyde compound to be added is preferably in the range of 1 to 100 parts by weight, more preferably 5 to 50 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the thermosetting resin. If the amount of the formaldehyde compound is less than the above range, a special effect may not be obtained with respect to the reaction for increasing the molecular weight. On the other hand, if it exceeds the above range, gelation occurs partially, making recovery difficult.
[0012]
As the mononuclear phenol compound used as a reaction solvent in the present invention, phenol, cresol, xylenol, resorcinol, and alkyl-substituted phenols such as p-tert-butylphenol are preferably exemplified, and one or more of these are used. . Of these, phenol is preferred from the viewpoint of cost and effect on the decomposition reaction.
Further, the mononuclear phenol compound is separated and purified from a low-molecular to high-molecular compound mainly composed of a resin component having a molecular weight of 200 to 100,000 obtained by the method for decomposing a thermosetting resin of the present invention. Can be used.
[0013]
In the present invention, when a mixture of water and a mononuclear phenol compound is used as the reaction solvent, the mixing ratio of the solvent is in the range of 0.1 to 500 parts by weight of water with respect to 100 parts by weight of the mononuclear phenol compound. The water content is more preferably 5 to 50 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the mononuclear phenol compound.
[0014]
In the present invention, the proportion of the mixture of the mononuclear phenol compound or the mixture of water and the mononuclear phenol compound is preferably in the range of 50 to 1000 parts by weight, more preferably 100 parts by weight of the thermosetting resin. It is in the range of 100 to 400 parts by weight.
When the amount of the mononuclear phenol compound or the mixture of water and the mononuclear phenol compound is less than the above range, it may be difficult to smoothly proceed the decomposition reaction of the thermosetting resin. On the other hand, when the amount is larger than the above range, no particular effect is obtained as compared with the effect of the preferable upper limit, and in that case, the amount of heat required to heat the solvent increases, so that the consumption of heat energy increases.
[0015]
The thermosetting resin decomposed by the method of the present invention includes a cured resin, an uncured or semi-cured resin, a varnish containing a resin, and the like. Further, in addition to a single thermosetting resin, inorganic materials such as silica fine particles and glass fibers, and molding materials or molded articles containing organic fillers such as wood powder, inorganic materials such as glass cloth, and papers. , Such as a laminate using an organic base material such as cloth, a metal-clad laminate obtained by laminating a metal foil such as a copper foil, and a printed circuit board obtained by processing a copper-clad laminate. It also includes curable resin products.
The type of the thermosetting resin is not particularly limited, but the present invention is particularly effectively applied to a phenol resin, an epoxy resin, a polyimide resin, an unsaturated polyester resin, a melamine resin, and a urea resin. it can. In addition, phenolic resins can be more effectively adapted.
Further, the thermosetting resin to be subjected to the decomposition treatment is preferably used after being pulverized, and the shape and size thereof are not particularly limited. The particle size may be selected, but is usually 500 μm or less, preferably 250 μm or less, more preferably 100 μm or less.
[0016]
The low molecular weight to high molecular weight compound mainly composed of a resin component having a molecular weight of 200 to 100,000 which can be recovered from the thermosetting resin in the present invention is usually a prepolymer used for producing a thermosetting resin product. Since it has the same molecular weight or higher molecular weight, it can be reused as a chemical raw material (prepolymer) of a thermosetting resin product by performing purification as necessary.
[0017]
In the present invention, as the decomposition conditions, the temperature and the pressure may be adjusted to a supercritical or subcritical condition, usually at a temperature of 200 to 500 ° C. and a pressure of 1 to 60 Mpa. Temperature and pressure may be set in the range of 300 to 450 ° C. and the pressure in the range of 2 to 40 MPa. If the temperature is lower than the above range, the decomposition reaction rate of the thermosetting resin is low, so that it is difficult to perform the treatment in a short time. On the other hand, if the temperature is higher than the above range, the chemical structure of the recovered resin component changes due to concurrent side reactions such as thermal decomposition, so that it becomes difficult to reuse the thermosetting resin product as a chemical raw material.
The reaction time can be adjusted in the range of 1 to 60 minutes, but usually the decomposition process is completed in 3 to 15 minutes.
[0018]
In the present invention, when the formaldehyde compound is added during the step of decomposing the thermosetting resin, it is preferable to add the compound in a state in which the decomposition has progressed to some extent. It is more preferable to add at a point advanced by about 80%. By adding the formaldehyde compound when the decomposable component of the thermosetting resin is decomposed by 80% or more, the time required for decomposing the thermosetting resin can be further reduced. When the formaldehyde compound is added in less than 80%, a high molecular weight reaction occurs at the same time as the decomposition reaction, so that the effect tends to be reduced.
[0019]
FIG. 1 shows a concept of decomposing a thermosetting resin after adding a formaldehyde compound in advance. When a formaldehyde compound is added and then decomposed, a high-molecular-weight oligomer can be recovered because a decomposition reaction and a high-molecular-weight reaction take place at the same time, but it is difficult to shorten the time until the decomposition of the thermosetting resin is completed. There is. FIG. 2 shows the concept of injecting a formaldehyde compound during the decomposition step of the thermosetting resin. By adding the formaldehyde compound during the decomposition step of the thermosetting resin, the decomposition treatment can be performed efficiently in a shorter time.
[0020]
The decomposition treatment method of the thermosetting resin of the present invention, in a heating and pressurized vessel, without using an acid or an alkali catalyst, depending on the decomposition conditions, in a supercritical or subcritical state, a mononuclear phenolic compound or water and In a solvent consisting of a mixture with a mononuclear phenol compound, a formaldehyde compound is added, and a thermosetting resin is decomposed, whereby a low molecular weight mainly composed of a resin component having a molecular weight of 200 to 100,000 is efficiently decomposed. , A high molecular weight compound can be decomposed and recovered. Further, by adding the formaldehyde compound during the step of decomposing the thermosetting resin, the time of the thermal decomposition can be further shortened. Further, the recycling method of the present invention is characterized in that a mixture of a decomposition product comprising a low molecular weight to high molecular weight compound mainly composed of a resin component having a molecular weight of 200 to 100,000 and a reaction solvent obtained by the above method is usually used. After heating under pressure and reduced pressure to remove the solvent (phenol, water), the resulting decomposition product is pulverized and can be reused as a raw material of a thermosetting resin.
[0021]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0022]
[Example 1] Decomposition of cured phenolic resin A cured phenolic resin was 15 parts by weight of hexamethylenetetramine (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) per 100 parts by weight of phenolic resin (PR-51714 manufactured by Sumitomo Bakelite Co., Ltd.). The mixture was press-molded at 150 ° C. for 15 minutes, and further heat-treated at 180 ° C. for 4 hours for adjustment. This was pulverized and sieved to adjust the particle diameter to 250 μm or less. The results of the decomposition treatment are summarized in Table 1.
A reaction solvent composed of a mixture of 45.8 g of the above cured phenolic resin, 77.0 g of phenol (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) and 8.6 g of water was mixed with an autoclave made of Hastelloy (manufactured by Nitto Koatsu Co., Ltd., 200 cm in internal volume) After charging in 3 ), the reactor was heated to an internal temperature of 360 ° C., thereby increasing the internal pressure of the reactor to 7 MPa to bring it into a high-temperature high-pressure state. In advance, it was confirmed that 80% of the decomposition reaction proceeded under the decomposition conditions of 360 ° C. and 7 MPa for 5 minutes, and during the decomposition step kept at 360 ° C. and 7 MPa for 5 minutes, paraform (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) 5 g of phenol (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was mixed with a reaction solvent composed of 19.0 g of water and 2.1 g of water, and the mixture was slurried, cooled, and returned to room temperature and normal pressure. After completion of the reaction, the solvent (phenol, water) was removed from the mixture of the decomposition product and the reaction solvent by heating under a normal pressure and a reduced pressure condition to obtain 118.4 g of a decomposition product. After dissolving this product in tetrahydrofuran (THF) (manufactured by Kishida Chemical Co., Ltd.), the solution was filtered through a filter having a pore size of 1.0 μm to obtain a THF-soluble matter. The THF-insoluble residue remaining on the filter after filtration was dried at 100 ° C. for 12 hours and then weighed.
As a result, it was confirmed that most of the THF-insoluble residue was an inorganic filler in the phenolic resin molding material, and almost 100% of the resin and the organic filler were decomposed to a THF-soluble component. The molecular weight and the residual phenol monomer content of the decomposition product obtained from the THF-soluble matter were measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). As a result, the resin component of Mn: 750 and Mw: 61000 was obtained. I confirmed that there is. The GPC measurement was carried out using two Tosoh TSKgel GMHXL columns and two TSKgel G2000HXL columns, a differential refractometer as the detector, THF as the eluent, a flow rate of 1 ml / min, and a temperature of 40 ° C. It was calculated in terms of polystyrene. Furthermore, the decomposition product obtained as a measure of curability is pulverized, mixed with 15 parts by weight of hexamethylenetetramine (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), and the time until gelation on a hot plate at 150 ° C. (Gel time) was measured to obtain 102 seconds.
[0023]
[Example 2] Decomposition of cured phenolic resin A decomposition treatment was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of paraform injected during the decomposition step was changed to 8 g. The results of the decomposition treatment are summarized in Table 1.
[0024]
[Example 3] Decomposition of cured phenolic resin In Example 1, paraform to be injected in the decomposition step was charged in advance together with a reaction solvent composed of a cured phenolic resin and a mixture of phenol and water at 360 ° C and 9 MPa. Decomposition treatment was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the reaction was performed for 1 minute. The results of the decomposition treatment are summarized in Table 1.
[0025]
[Comparative Example 1] Decomposition of cured phenolic resin A decomposition treatment was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that paraform was not added. The results of the decomposition treatment are summarized in Table 1.
[0026]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004161983
[0027]
[Example 4] Decomposition of phenolic resin molding material The decomposition treatment was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 45.8 g of the phenolic resin molding material was used as the thermosetting resin. The results of the decomposition treatment are summarized in Table 2.
Here, as the thermosetting resin, a phenol resin molding material (PM-8200: manufactured by Sumitomo Bakelite Co., Ltd.) was pulverized and sieved to adjust the particle diameter to 250 μm or less.
[0028]
[Example 5] Decomposition of phenolic resin molding material The decomposition treatment was performed in the same manner as in Example 4, except that the amount of paraform injected during the decomposition step was changed to 8 g. The results of the decomposition treatment are summarized in Table 2.
[0029]
[Example 6] Decomposition of phenolic resin molding material Decomposition treatment was performed in the same manner as in Example 4, except that the reaction temperature was changed to 400 ° C. The results of the decomposition treatment are summarized in Table 2.
[0030]
[Example 7] Decomposition of phenolic resin molding material In Example 4, except that trioxane (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.) was used instead of paraform injected during the decomposition step, the same operation as in Example 4 was performed. A decomposition process was performed. The results of the decomposition treatment are summarized in Table 2.
[0031]
[Example 8] Decomposition of phenolic resin molding material The same as Example 4 except that in place of paraform injected during the decomposition step, hexamethylenetetramine (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was used. In operation, a decomposition process was performed. The results of the decomposition treatment are summarized in Table 2.
[0032]
[Example 9] Decomposition of phenolic resin molding material In Example 4, a reaction solvent comprising a mixture of 45.8 g of the above cured phenolic resin, 96.0 g of phenol (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) and 10.7 g of water. The decomposition treatment was performed in the same manner as in Example 4, except that 19 g of formalin (containing 37% formaldehyde) (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was injected during the decomposition step. The results of the decomposition treatment are summarized in Table 2.
[0033]
[Example 10] Decomposition of phenolic resin molding material The same operation as in Example 4 was carried out except that orthocresol (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was used instead of phenol as the reaction solvent in Example 4. And a decomposition treatment. The results of the decomposition treatment are summarized in Table 2.
[0034]
[Example 11] Decomposition of phenolic resin molding material The same as Example 4 except that 2,5-xylenol (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.) was used instead of phenol as the reaction solvent in Example 4. In operation, a decomposition process was performed. The results of the decomposition treatment are summarized in Table 2.
[0035]
[Example 12] Decomposition of phenolic resin molding material Decomposition was performed in the same manner as in Example 4 except that resorcinol (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.) was used instead of phenol as the reaction solvent in Example 4. Processing was performed. The results of the decomposition treatment are summarized in Table 2.
[0036]
[Example 13] Decomposition of phenolic resin molding material In Example 4, the same as Example 4 except that p-tert-butylphenol (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.) was used instead of phenol as the reaction solvent. In operation, a decomposition process was performed. The results of the decomposition treatment are summarized in Table 2.
[0037]
[Example 14] Decomposition of phenolic resin molding material In Example 4, instead of phenol as the reaction solvent, a product recovered from the mixture of the decomposition product obtained in Example 4 and the reaction solvent (mainly phenol) under reduced pressure was used. A decomposition treatment was performed in the same manner as in Example 4, except for using the same. The results of the decomposition treatment are summarized in Table 2.
[0038]
[Example 15] Decomposition of phenolic resin molding material In Example 4, paraform to be injected in the decomposition step was previously charged together with a phenolic resin cured product (same as above) and a reaction solvent composed of a mixture of phenol and water. Decomposition was performed by the same operation as in Example 1 except that the reaction was performed at 9 MPa for 10 minutes. The results of the decomposition treatment are summarized in Table 2.
[0039]
[Example 16] Decomposition of epoxy resin molding material Except that in Example 1, 45.8 g of an epoxy resin molding material for semiconductor encapsulation (Sumitomo Bakelite Co., Ltd. EME-6300H) was used as the thermosetting resin. The decomposition treatment was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain 71.3 g of a resin component.
[0040]
[Example 17] Decomposition of melamine resin molding material The same operation as in Example 1 except that 45.8 g of melamine resin molding material (ME-J manufactured by Matsushita Electric Works) was used as the thermosetting resin in Example 1. To obtain a resin component: 75.0 g.
[0041]
[Example 18] Decomposition of urea resin molding material The same operation as in Example 1 except that 45.8 g of urea resin molding material (CU-A manufactured by Matsushita Electric Works) was used as the thermosetting resin in Example 1. To obtain a resin component: 70.6 g.
[0042]
[Comparative Example 2] Decomposition of phenolic resin molding material Decomposition treatment was performed in the same manner as in Example 4 except that paraform was not added. The results of the decomposition treatment are summarized in Table 2.
[0043]
[Table 2]
Figure 2004161983
[0044]
As can be seen from the results shown in Tables 1 and 2, the decomposition treatment methods shown in Examples 1 to 8 effectively obtained the same high molecular weight compounds as Comparative Examples 1 and 2 in a shorter time. . Furthermore, since the reaction point remains by shortening the reaction time, the gel time was also shortened, and the curability was improved.
[0045]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, a thermosetting resin is decomposed | disassembled into a high-molecular-weight compound mainly from the resin component which has a high molecular weight of 200-100,000 molecular weight compared with the conventional method, and a high molecular weight efficiently. And can be recycled as a raw material of a thermosetting resin.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of decomposing a thermosetting resin by adding formalin.
FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of decomposing a thermosetting resin by adding formalin according to the present invention.

Claims (10)

超臨界又は亜臨界状態の、単核フェノール類化合物又は水と単核フェノール類化合物との混合物を反応溶媒として、熱硬化性樹脂を分解する分解処理方法において、さらにホルムアルデヒド類化合物を添加することを特徴とする、熱硬化性樹脂の分解処理方法。In a decomposition method for decomposing a thermosetting resin, using a mixture of a mononuclear phenol compound or water and a mononuclear phenol compound in a supercritical or subcritical state as a reaction solvent, further adding a formaldehyde compound. A method for decomposing a thermosetting resin. ホルムアルデヒド類化合物を、熱硬化性樹脂の分解工程中で添加する、請求項1に記載の熱硬化性樹脂の分解処理方法。The method for decomposing a thermosetting resin according to claim 1, wherein the formaldehyde compound is added in the thermosetting resin decomposition step. ホルムアルデヒド類化合物が、ホルムアルデヒド、パラホルム、トリオキサン、ヘキサメチレンテトラミン及びそれらの水溶液の中から選ばれる、請求項1又は2に記載の熱硬化性樹脂の分解処理方法。The method for decomposing a thermosetting resin according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the formaldehyde compound is selected from formaldehyde, paraform, trioxane, hexamethylenetetramine and an aqueous solution thereof. ホルムアルデヒド類化合物が、ホルムアルデヒドまたはパラホルムである請求項3記載の熱硬化性樹脂の分解処理方法。The method for decomposing a thermosetting resin according to claim 3, wherein the formaldehyde compound is formaldehyde or paraform. 単核フェノール類化合物が、フェノール、クレゾール、キシレノール、レゾルシノール、及びアルキル置換フェノールの中から選ばれる、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の熱硬化性樹脂の分解処理方法。The method for decomposing a thermosetting resin according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the mononuclear phenol compound is selected from phenol, cresol, xylenol, resorcinol, and alkyl-substituted phenol. 単核フェノール類化合物が、フェノールである請求項5記載の熱硬化性樹脂の分解処理方法。The method for decomposing a thermosetting resin according to claim 5, wherein the mononuclear phenol compound is phenol. 単核フェノール類化合物が、前記熱硬化性樹脂の分解処理方法により得られた200〜100,000の分子量を有する樹脂成分を主体とする低分子量から高分子量の化合物より分離、精製して得られたものである、請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の熱硬化性樹脂の分解処理方法。A mononuclear phenolic compound is obtained by separating and purifying from a low molecular weight to a high molecular weight compound mainly composed of a resin component having a molecular weight of 200 to 100,000 obtained by the method for decomposing a thermosetting resin. The method for decomposing a thermosetting resin according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein 熱硬化性樹脂が、フェノール樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、メラミン樹脂、及びユリア樹脂の中から選択された1種又は2種以上である、請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の熱硬化性樹脂の分解処理方法。The thermosetting resin is one or more selected from phenolic resins, epoxy resins, polyimide resins, unsaturated polyester resins, melamine resins, and urea resins, any one of claims 1 to 7, The method for decomposing a thermosetting resin according to the above. 熱硬化性樹脂が、フェノール樹脂である請求項8記載の熱硬化性樹脂の分解処理方法。The method for decomposing a thermosetting resin according to claim 8, wherein the thermosetting resin is a phenol resin. 請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載の分解処理方法により、熱硬化性樹脂を分解して得られた200〜100,000の分子量を有する樹脂成分を主体とする低分子量から高分子量の化合物を、熱硬化性樹脂の原料として再利用する熱硬化性樹脂のリサイクル方法。The decomposition treatment method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a low molecular weight to high molecular weight compound mainly composed of a resin component having a molecular weight of 200 to 100,000 obtained by decomposing the thermosetting resin. And a method of recycling thermosetting resin to be reused as a raw material of thermosetting resin.
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