JP2004154078A - Agricultural house - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is an agricultural house provided with a ventilation mechanism which is easy to open and close and has excellent ventilation with simple equipment.
In an agricultural house (1) covered with a flexible covering film (3) made of a thermoplastic resin, a ventilation opening (10) is opened above ／ of the height of the house (1). Agricultural house, characterized in that one side is connected to the flexible covering film 3 and the other side is fitted with a closing sheet piece detachable by a locking device.
[Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an agricultural house for cultivating crops, and more particularly, to an agricultural house capable of rapidly lowering the temperature when the temperature becomes excessively high.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, agricultural houses having a transparent thermoplastic resin film stretched thereon are widely used for growing crops such as vegetables, fruit crops, and flowers.
[0003]
These agricultural houses are covered with a transparent film that is highly transparent to sunlight so as to enhance heat retention and promote photosynthesis of crops. Since the cultivation temperature can be maintained even in a low temperature season, the growth of crops can be promoted, and the cultivation has been widely spread as forcing cultivation and the like.
[0004]
However, agricultural houses are excellent in heat retention, but on the other hand, after spring when sunlight becomes strong, the temperature becomes excessively high during the daytime, and there is a problem that cultivated crops may be damaged by high temperature. .
[0005]
For this reason, it has been customary to cover the crop with cold gauze or the like after spring, especially in summer. However, there is a problem in that it takes time and effort to stretch the cold gauze, and there is a problem that cultivation of crops is hindered due to lack of light.
[0006]
As a method of lowering the temperature inside the agricultural house, during the day when the temperature is high, the film for covering is raised and the inside of the agricultural house is ventilated. The opening for ventilation is usually provided in the lower part of the agricultural house because the operation of operating the stretch film is required. However, the high temperature air heated by sunlight rises to the upper part of the agricultural house and stays in the back of the roof. It takes a long time to lower the temperature in the storage house, which is inefficient.
[0007]
In addition, the roof is provided with a skylight-type opening / closing window for ventilation, but in order to use the skylight method, a rigid frame is required for the opening / closing window, and the frame is exposed to wind. In order to withstand the force of the wind that is received by the wind, it is necessary to make the frame of the house main body high in strength, so that the equipment has been forced to be large.
[0008]
For this reason, there is a demand for the development of an agricultural house capable of performing ventilation with an easy temperature adjustment efficiency and easy opening / closing operation with simple equipment.
[0009]
[Patent Document 1] JP-A-7-236368
[Patent Document 2] JP-A-8-51872
[Patent Document 2] JP-A-9-182531
[0010]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides an agricultural house having simple ventilation, easy opening and closing, and a ventilation mechanism having excellent ventilation.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has been made as a result of intensive studies to solve such problems, and specifically, in an agricultural house covered with a flexible covering film made of a thermoplastic resin, the height of the house is A vent was opened above 2/3, one side of the lower part was connected to the flexible covering film, and the other side was made detachable to the flexible covering film by the locking device. An agricultural house provided with a closing sheet piece is provided.
[0012]
Further, according to the present invention, the above-mentioned agricultural house in which a ventilation opening is provided at a position close to the roof of the wife's face, a closure sheet piece, a fastener is attached to an edge portion thereof as a fastener, and ventilation is performed by operating the fastener. The above-mentioned agricultural house configured to open and close the mouth, a string-shaped object is connected to the slider of the fastener, and the opening and closing of the ventilation opening is performed by operating the string-shaped object below. An agricultural house, and the above-mentioned agricultural house, wherein the flexible coating film is formed by laminating a thermoplastic resin film on one or both sides of a cloth-like body formed by a filament of a thermoplastic resin. is there.
[0013]
Furthermore, the present invention provides the above-mentioned agricultural house, wherein the filamentous body of the thermoplastic resin and the thermoplastic resin film are both formed of an olefin-based polymer, and one or both sides of a base layer in which the filamentous body is composed of an olefin-based polymer. The above-mentioned agricultural house in which a joining layer made of an olefin polymer having a lower melting point than the olefin polymer of the base layer is laminated on the above-mentioned agricultural house, and the above-mentioned agricultural house or cloth in which the cloth is a woven or knitted fabric. The above-mentioned agricultural house, in which the drawn yarns are arranged in one direction and the drawn yarns are joined in parallel in a direction crossing the drawn yarns at the intersections, and the cloth-like body has many longitudinal cuts in the drawn yarn. An object of the present invention is to provide the above-mentioned agricultural house in which the formed split fibers are widened.
[0014]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
As shown in FIG. 1, the agricultural house 1 of the present invention is constructed by assembling a frame 2 for a house such as a steel frame in a field for cultivating crops such as vegetables, fruit trees, flowers, and the like. The functional coating film 3 is stretched.
[0015]
As the flexible covering film 3, a thermoplastic resin film is used. As the thermoplastic resin film, a tensile film, or, in order to improve the tear strength, a reinforcing film reinforced with a cloth-like body made of a uniaxially stretched thermoplastic resin filament is desirable, as the reinforcing film As shown in FIG. 3, a laminated film in which thermoplastic resin films 6 and 6 are laminated on one or both sides of a cloth body 5 formed by intersecting linear bodies 4a and 4b made of thermoplastic resin. Used.
[0016]
In the present invention, the cloth-like body generally refers to a flexible sheet-like material formed by using a striated body, and may be used as a woven cloth such as a plain weave or as a cross-bonding cloth (soft). In addition, a split yarn in which a number of cuts are formed in the striated body in the longitudinal direction can be used as a net formed by widening, or a braid such as a tricot knit.
[0017]
In the present invention, the gap between the filaments 4 of the cloth body 5 can be arbitrarily selected according to the purpose, and can be formed densely so as not to form a gap. It is also possible to use the cloth-like body 5 of the present invention, all of which are included in the present invention.
[0018]
In the present invention, a uniaxially stretched thermoplastic resin is used as the filament 4 and can be used as a tape, a monofilament, a multifilament, a spun yarn, a long fiber, a short fiber, and the like. It is twisted according to.
[0019]
The striated body 4 may be a single-layered body of a crystalline thermoplastic resin, but a bonding layer made of a low-melting thermoplastic resin is formed on one or both sides or the outer periphery of the thermoplastic resin serving as a base layer. It is desirable to make a laminated body. In the present invention, the fact that the melting point is high or low is determined by comparing the thermoplastic resin constituting the striated body 4 with the thermoplastic resin having the highest melting point when the striated body 4 has a multilayer structure. .
[0020]
For example, as shown in FIG. 6A, a single-layered body of a crystalline thermoplastic resin can be used, and as shown in FIG. 6B, a bonding layer 8 is laminated on one surface of the base layer 7. The structure can be made. Further, as shown in FIG. 6C, a structure in which the bonding layers 8 are stacked on both surfaces of the base layer 7 can be employed. As shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. Above all, as shown in FIG. 6C, it is desirable that the bonding layer 8 made of a low melting point thermoplastic resin is laminated on both surfaces of the tape-shaped base layer 7.
[0021]
As the single-layer body of the striated body 4 or the thermoplastic resin constituting the base layer 7, a resin having a large stretching effect, generally a crystalline resin is used. Specifically, high-density polyethylene, medium-density polyethylene, Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene, polypropylene, olefin polymers such as ethylene-propylene copolymer, polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate, polyamides such as nylon 6, nylon 66, polyacrylonitrile, vinylidene chloride, and aramid fibers are used. . Among them, olefin polymers such as high-density polyethylene and polypropylene are desirable from the viewpoint of processability and economy.
[0022]
After the low melting point thermoplastic resin constituting the bonding layer 8 is formed into the cloth body 5, the linear bodies 4 and 4 are bonded together, or the cloth body 5 and the thermoplastic resin film 6 are bonded together. High-pressure low-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, polypropylene, olefin polymers such as ethylene-propylene copolymer, polyethylene terephthalate, polyesters such as polybutylene terephthalate, modified polyester, nylon 6, A polyamide such as nylon 66 can be used, and a thermoplastic resin having a melting point lower than that of the base layer 7 in relation to the thermoplastic resin of the base layer 7, preferably a thermoplastic resin having a melting point of 10 ° C. or higher, more preferably 15 ° C. or higher. Selected.
[0023]
Among these, an olefin polymer is preferred from the viewpoint of processability and economy, and among them, an ethylene polymer and a propylene polymer are preferred, and an ethylene / α-olefin copolymer using a metallocene catalyst and polypropylene are particularly preferred.
[0024]
In the present invention, the ethylene-based polymer and the propylene-based polymer mean, in addition to the homopolymer of ethylene or propylene, a copolymer of ethylene or propylene with another comonomer. Twelve α-olefins are used, specifically, ethylene, propylene, butene-1, pentene-1, hexene-1, 4-methyl-pentene-1, octene-1 and the like.
[0025]
Various additives can be appropriately added to the polymer forming the base layer 7 or the bonding layer 8 to such an extent that the effects of the invention are not impaired. Specific examples include phenol-based, organic phosphite-based, phosphite-based organic phosphorus-based, thioether-based antioxidants; hindered amine-based light stabilizers; benzophenone-based, benzotriazole-based, benzoate-based ultraviolet absorbers, and the like. Nonionic, cationic, anionic antistatic agents; bisamide, wax, organic metal salt dispersants; amide, wax, organic metal salt, ester, etc. lubricants; And inorganic and organic antibacterial agents.
[0026]
By stretching these polymers, the striated body 4 as a material for molding the cloth body 5 can be obtained.
[0027]
When the laminated striated body 4 is used, a laminated film as a material can be obtained by a means known per se, and a film to be a bonding layer 8 is stacked on a film to be a base layer 7 by using a hot roll. A method of thermocompression bonding, a method of bonding both films with an adhesive such as a hot melt agent, or a method of extruding a resin to be a bonding layer 8 on a resin film before or for a stretched base layer 7 to form a film. It can be obtained by a method of extruding and laminating, or a method of co-extruding a resin to be the base layer 7 and a resin to be the bonding layer 8.
[0028]
The obtained laminated film is subjected to a stretching operation before being cut into a tape shape or after being cut into a tape shape. As a stretching operation, for example, using a hot-air circulation oven, a hot roll, a hot plate, or the like, stretching in one or two or more stages in the take-up direction by about 2.5 to 15.0 times, and further using hot air Relaxation heat treatment of 0 to 30% is performed using a circulation oven, a hot roll, a hot plate or the like.
[0029]
The thickness of the tape-shaped filament 4 after cooling and solidification is preferably about 15 to 500 μm, and the cutting width is preferably about 1 to 30 mm. The filament 4 obtained through the stretching step has a thickness of 50 to 20,000 decitex and a thread width of Desirably, the thickness is about 0.3 to 20 mm and the thickness is about 7 to 200 μm.
[0030]
The striated body formed in this way is used as the cloth body 5 alone or together with other yarns. As a method of forming the striated body 4 into the cloth-like body 5, the striated body 4 is woven as shown in FIGS. 3 (A) and (B) as at least the weft 4a or the warp 4b, and The fabric intersection 5 can be obtained by thermally bonding the crossed portions. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the filaments 4b are arranged in one direction, and the filaments 4a are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the filaments 4b. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 5, a cloth web 5 can be formed as a split-fiber nonwoven fabric obtained by widening and laminating a wide web that has been subjected to split processing.
[0031]
As a method for forming the cloth-like body 5, weaving can be performed using a known loom such as a circular loom, a sluser loom, and a water jet loom. Various shapes such as plain weave, twill weave and leno weave are applied as the weave structure. As a method of forming a knitted fabric, either a horizontal knitting or a vertical knitting may be used, and specific examples thereof include tricot knitting, Milanese knitting, and Russell knitting. The cloth 5 can heat-bond the intersection of the warp 4b and the weft 4a by hot air, a heating roll, a hot plate, or the like according to the specifications.
[0032]
A thermoplastic resin film 6 is laminated on the cloth body 5 thus obtained to form a flexible covering film 3. Examples of the thermoplastic resin forming the thermoplastic resin film 6 include high-pressure low-density polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene produced using a metallocene catalyst, and ethylene-based polymers such as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. A propylene-based polymer such as polypropylene, a polypropylene produced using a metallocene catalyst, a propylene-α-olefin copolymer containing propylene as a main component, a polyester, and a polyamide can be used. Among them, an ethylene polymer, or an olefin polymer such as a propylene polymer, preferably an olefin polymer produced using a metallocene catalyst, particularly a linear low-density polymer produced using a metallocene catalyst Polyethylene is preferred.
[0033]
As the linear low-density polyethylene, an ethylene / α-olefin copolymer having 3 to 12 carbon atoms having the following properties is desirable.
[0034]
MFR according to JIS-K7210 is in the range of 0.1 to 100 g / 10 min, preferably 0.5 to 80 g / 10 min. When the MFR is larger than the above range, the melt elasticity is reduced, the neck-in during extrusion lamination is increased, the workability is deteriorated at the ear height, and the strength of the material itself is also reduced. On the other hand, when the MFR is lower than the above range, the extrusion pressure of the resin increases, the extrusion stability decreases, and the extensibility at the time of extrusion lamination decreases.
[0035]
The density according to JIS-K7112 is in a range of 0.870 to 0.925 g / cm ³ , preferably 0.870 to 0.910 g / cm ³ . If the density is larger than the above range, the flexibility is poor. On the other hand, when it is smaller than the above range, the heat resistance is reduced and the sheet surface is sticky, and the workability and the handleability are deteriorated.
[0036]
Various additives can be appropriately added to these olefin polymers to such an extent that the effects of the invention are not impaired. Specific examples include phenol-based, organic phosphite-based, phosphite-based organic phosphorus-based, thioether-based antioxidants; hindered amine-based light stabilizers; benzophenone-based, benzotriazole-based, benzoate-based ultraviolet absorbers, and the like. Nonionic, cationic, anionic antistatic agents; bisamide, wax, organic metal salt dispersants; amide, wax, organic metal salt, ester, etc. lubricants; And inorganic and organic antibacterial agents.
[0037]
The thickness of the thermoplastic resin film 6 can be arbitrarily set according to the purpose, but is generally 10 to 300 μm, preferably 15 to 200 μm.
[0038]
The method of laminating the thermoplastic resin film 6 can be basically performed by a known means. The cloth 5 formed by the striated body 4 is supplied to a laminator, and the cloth 5 And the thermoplastic resin film 6 in a molten state are overlapped, and the cloth-like body 5 and the thermoplastic resin film 6 can be laminated by sandwiching the elastic roll and the metal roll. When laminating the thermoplastic resin film 6 on both surfaces, the thermoplastic resin film 6 is laminated on the other surface by the same method, and as shown in FIG. The covering film 3 having a sandwich structure in which the thermoplastic resin films 6 and 6 are laminated can be obtained.
[0039]
Each layer of the thermoplastic resin film 6 laminated with the cloth body 5 can be a multilayer. For example, the inside of the thermoplastic resin film 6 is formed of an olefin polymer having excellent adhesiveness. A composite sheet using an olefin polymer that is resistant to scratching on the outer surface side of the thermoplastic resin film 6 can be formed.
[0040]
The agricultural house 1 is formed by stretching the thus obtained flexible covering film 3 on the frame 2.
[0041]
Thus, in the present invention, a ventilation port 10 is formed in the agricultural house 1 as shown in FIG. The ventilation opening 10 is formed in the upper part of the house 1 and is formed so as to open above 2/3, preferably 4/5 of the height of the house 1. In the present invention, it is sufficient that the opening of the ventilation port 10 exists above 2/3, preferably 4/5 of the height of the house 1, and the lower portion of the ventilation port 10 may be located below it. No problem. However, for the purposes of the present invention, at least 50% of the ventilation openings 10, preferably at least 80% of the ventilation openings 10, may be provided above 2/3, preferably 4/5, the height of the house 1. desirable. In particular, it is preferable that the ventilation opening 10 is formed in a portion of the house 1 near the roof 9 as close as possible.
[0042]
As shown in FIG. 2, the ventilation port 10 has an opening 11 in the stretched flexible covering film 3, and a lower side is connected to the flexible covering film 3 in the opening 11, A closing sheet piece 13 with a locking tool 12 attached to the other side is mounted.
[0043]
The shape of the opening 11 may be any shape and can be arbitrarily selected according to the purpose, but is generally a triangle, a square, a trapezoid, or a semicircle.
[0044]
The closing sheet piece 13 may be made of the same material as that of the flexible covering film 3 and may have the same configuration. The fastener 12 may be a fastener, a hook-and-loop fastener, or a hook-and-loop fastener. , Hooks, buttons, etc. can be used. However, from the viewpoint of operation and strength, it is desirable to use a fastener as shown in FIG. 2, and one side of the lower side is connected to the flexible covering film 3 and the fastener 12 is provided on the peripheral edge of the other side. The ventilation sheet 10 is opened and closed by forming the attached closing sheet piece 13 and operating the slider 14 of the fastener 12. In the present invention, a portion curved like a semicircular arc is also referred to as a side for convenience.
[0045]
The operation of the slider 14 can be performed using a rod with a hook attached to the tip, and can also be performed by assembling a scaffold close to the ventilation port 10. As shown in FIG. 2, two strings 15a and 15b are connected to the slider 14 and extended in the opposite direction and dropped downward by the pulley 16, thereby operating the string from the ground to open and close the ventilation opening 10. be able to.
[0046]
In the case of planting and cultivating crops in the agricultural house of the present invention, the ventilation opening 10 is closed and kept warm in the low temperature season, and the ventilation opening 10 is used as needed during the high temperature season. Can be opened to lower the temperature.
[0047]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, since the ventilation opening is formed in the upper part of the agricultural house, the heated and warmed air can be released to the outside, and when the temperature in the house excessively rises, the temperature can be quickly lowered. Can be.
[0048]
In addition, since the closing sheet is made of a thermoplastic resin sheet having flexibility, even when a strong wind is generated, since the closing sheet can be deformed following the wind force, the stress due to the wind pressure is dispersed, and the wind pressure is directly received. No damage can be prevented.
[0049]
Further, by laminating the thermoplastic resin sheet on the thermoplastic resin film with the cloth-like body, an agricultural house having excellent tensile strength, tear resistance and excellent durability can be obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an agricultural house of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front view showing an example of a ventilation port. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an example of a flexible covering film, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing another example of the flexible covering film. FIG. 5 is a plan view showing still another example of the flexible covering film. FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of the striatum. [Explanation of symbols]
1. 1. Agricultural house Frame body 3. Flexible covering film4. Striatum 5. Cloth body 6. 6. thermoplastic resin film Base layer 8. Bonding layer 10. Ventilation port 11. Opening 12. Locking device 13. 13. closing sheet piece Slider 15. Cord-like material 16. pulley

Claims (10)

In an agricultural house covered with a thermoplastic resin-made flexible covering film, a ventilation opening is opened above ／ of the height of the house, and one side of the lower part of the ventilation covering is provided with a flexible covering film. An agricultural house, comprising: a continuously-closed detachable closing sheet piece attached to a flexible covering film on a flexible covering film by a locking device. The agricultural house according to claim 1, wherein the ventilation port is provided on the wife's face at a position close to the roof. The agricultural house according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the closing sheet piece is provided with a fastener as a locking tool at an edge portion thereof, and the ventilation opening is opened and closed by operating the fastener. The agricultural house according to claim 3, wherein a string is connected to the slider of the fastener, and the ventilation opening is opened and closed by operating the string below. The agricultural house according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the flexible covering film is formed by laminating a thermoplastic resin film on one or both surfaces of a cloth-like body formed of a thermoplastic resin filament. . The agricultural house according to claim 5, wherein both the striated body of the thermoplastic resin and the thermoplastic resin film are formed of an olefin-based polymer. The agriculture according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the striatum has a joining layer made of an olefin polymer having a lower melting point than the olefin polymer of the base layer laminated on one or both surfaces of the base layer made of the olefin polymer. For house. The agricultural house according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the cloth body is a woven cloth or a knitted fabric. The agricultural house according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the cloth-like body is formed by arranging the drawn yarns in one direction and arranging the intersections on the drawn yarns in a direction crossing the drawn yarns. The agricultural house according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the cloth-like body is obtained by widening split fibers in which a number of longitudinal cuts are formed in a drawn yarn.

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