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JP2004146033A - Substrate for induced anisotropic perpendicular magnetic recording hard disk and method of manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Substrate for induced anisotropic perpendicular magnetic recording hard disk and method of manufacturing the same Download PDF

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JP2004146033A
JP2004146033A JP2003208915A JP2003208915A JP2004146033A JP 2004146033 A JP2004146033 A JP 2004146033A JP 2003208915 A JP2003208915 A JP 2003208915A JP 2003208915 A JP2003208915 A JP 2003208915A JP 2004146033 A JP2004146033 A JP 2004146033A
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substrate
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film
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soft magnetic
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Japanese (ja)
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Toshihiro Tsumori
津森 俊宏
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Shin Etsu Chemical Co Ltd
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Shin Etsu Chemical Co Ltd
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Abstract

【課題】容易に作製できる軟磁性裏打ち膜を有し、軟磁性裏打ち間由来のスパイクノイズを低減できる基板とその製造方法を提案する。
【解決手段】直径65mm以下厚みが1mm以下であり、表面平均粗さ(Rms)が1nm以上1000nm以下のSi単結晶の基板(1)と、該基板上に設けられた厚さ1nm〜300nmの下地メッキ層(2)と、該下地メッキ層に設けられた厚さ50nm以上1000nm未満で保磁力20 Oe以下かつ飽和磁化1T以上のメッキ軟磁性層(3)とを含み、該メッキ軟磁性層の表面平均粗さ(Rms)が0.1nm以上5nm以下である、面内に誘導異方性を有する垂直磁気記録ハードディスク用媒体基板を提供する。
【選択図】   図1
A substrate having a soft magnetic backing film that can be easily manufactured and capable of reducing spike noise derived from a gap between soft magnetic backings, and a method of manufacturing the same.
A Si single crystal substrate (1) having a diameter of 65 mm or less and a thickness of 1 mm or less, a surface average roughness (Rms) of 1 nm or more and 1000 nm or less, and a 1 nm to 300 nm thick film provided on the substrate. An undercoat layer (2); and a plated soft magnetic layer (3) provided on the underplate layer, having a thickness of 50 nm or more and less than 1000 nm, a coercive force of 20 Oe or less and a saturation magnetization of 1 T or more. A medium substrate for a perpendicular magnetic recording hard disk having an in-plane induced anisotropy, having a surface average roughness (Rms) of 0.1 nm or more and 5 nm or less.
[Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、垂直磁気記録用基板ハードディスクに供される基板材料及びその製造方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
磁気記録の分野において、ハードディクス装置による情報記録はパーソナルコンピュータを初めとするコンピュータの一次外部記録装置として必須である。ハードディスク装置における磁気記録密度の向上は近年目覚しく、年率100%以上の比率で向上している。その記録密度は研究レベルで60Gbit/inch2に近く、製品レベルでも30Gbit/inch2に達している。
【0003】
このような高記録密度は、ハードディスク装置を構成する電子部品・ソフトなどの各機械要素の目覚しい性能向上により達成されている。特に、記録情報の読み出し・書き込みを行う磁気ヘッド(薄膜ヘッド、MRヘッド、GMRヘッドなど)や読み取った信号の信頼性を向上させるあまり訂正方法(ソフト)の進展によるところが大きい。ただ、基本的な記録方式や装置構成は特に変化がなく、水平磁気記録方式を基本とした装置構成となっている。
【0004】
ところが磁気記録密度の向上により、磁気記録を行う1ビット当たりの記録層の体積が急激に減少している。記録密度の向上には、周方向の線記録密度と径方向のトラック密度の両方の向上が必要であるが、磁気記録の原理上特に線記録密度の向上に問題が生じている。この点について、以下に詳述する。
【0005】
磁気記録方式は、記録媒体上の情報保持を保持する磁気単位配列(ビット)の配列方法により、図2と図3に模式的に示すような水平磁気記録と垂直磁気記録に大別される。
水平磁気記録は、S−Nの磁気極で構成される磁気情報単位が記録媒体平面に平行となるよう記録を行う方式であり、従来のハードディスク媒体に用いられている。一方、垂直磁気記録は、同磁気情報単位が記録媒体平面に垂直となるよう記録を行う方式であり、高密度記録が要求されるビデオテープ等に広く使用されている。
【0006】
さて、磁気記録においては、単位面積当たりの記録密度を向上させた場合、当然のことながら磁気記録単位(ビット)の体積を縮小して行く必要がある。
しかしながら、磁性理論の原理的問題から、記録を担う強磁性材料はそれを発現している磁性体の体積を減少させていった時、どこまでも安定に保たれている訳ではない事が分かっている。室温での熱エネルギーkT(k:ボルツマン定数、T:絶対温度)と強磁性体を一方向に保持している異方性エネルギーKuV(Ku:異方性エネルギー,特に磁気記録の場合は結晶磁気異方性エネルギー、V:単位記録ビット体積)の競合により、磁気記録単位の体積が極端に小さく、kT〜KuVに近くなると、強磁性体の磁化状態が室温でも不安定となることが知られている。このようにビット当たりの磁化体積が極端に小さい場合、強磁性体が常磁性体のようになる状態を超常磁性と呼ぶ。磁気記録材料により異なるが、超常磁性になる限界寸法(臨界体積)があることが知られている。
【0007】
実際の磁気記録においては、記録密度を上げることで記録単位体積が臨界寸法近くまで縮小すると、超常磁性に至る以前に問題が顕在化する。磁気記録を行った強磁性状態の磁化状態が時間とともに比較的短時間で減衰し、磁化方位がランダムな方向に向くことで磁気記録情報が変質する(磁気ヘッドから読み取る信号のS/N比が低下する)という問題が生ずる。磁気記録においてこのような現象が起きると、折角書き込んだ記録情報がある時間経過すると読み出せなくなったり、書き込み自体ができなくなったりする。このような超常磁性に伴う記録ビットの減衰は近年「熱揺らぎ」問題として、磁気記録限界を決めてしまう極めて深刻な問題となっている。
従来用いられている水平磁気記録において、熱揺らぎが原因となる記録限界がどの当たりにあるかはっきりした数値は分かっていないが、ハードディスク媒体では記録密度に換算し、概ね100Gbit/inch2前後ではないかと考えられている。
【0008】
このような従来の水平磁気記録ハードディスク媒体の熱揺らぎによる記録限界を克服する方法としては、種々の新規記録方式の提案がなされている。一番有力だと考えられ検討されているのは、垂直磁気記録方式である。垂直磁気記録では隣接ビットからの磁場が磁化方向と同じ方向となり、記録磁化ビットの安定性を助ける方向となる。別な言葉で言うと、隣接ビットの間で閉磁路を形成し、水平磁気記録に比較して自分自身の磁化による自己減磁場(以下、反磁場と呼ぶ)が少なく、磁化状態が安定する。一方、水平磁気記録では線記録密度を上げる程、隣接記録ビットが近接し、反磁場が大きくなる。更に線記録密度を上げるには、磁気記録層の内部で磁化回転モードが起きないように、記録層の厚みを極めて薄く取る必要が有った。水平磁気記録では、記録密度向上に伴い記録ビット体積が三次元的に減少する。磁性膜厚の点においても、垂直磁気記録においては記録密度向上に伴って特に薄くする必要が無い。これらの点から、垂直磁気記録は反磁場軽減とKuVの値を確保できるため、熱揺らぎによる磁化に対する安定性が大きく、記録限界を大きく先に拡大する事が可能となる記録方式と言える。記録媒体としては、水平記録媒体との親和性も高く、磁気記録の書き込みや読み出しも基本的には従来使われていたものと同じような技術が使用できる。
【0009】
しかし、細部においては、垂直磁気記録の実用化の障害となる項目が幾つか存在する。その1つが磁気媒体の構成である。図2に水平磁気記録媒体、図3に垂直磁気記録媒体の模式的な膜構成の断面図を示す。図2の水平磁気記録媒体では、基板101上に、厚さ20〜30nmの非磁性下地層103と、厚さ20〜30nmの記録層104とが形成されている。図3の垂直磁気記録媒体では、基板101上に、厚さ100〜500nmの軟磁性層105と、厚さ20〜30nmの記録層104とが形成されている。
水平磁気記録の基板として、主に3.5インチ用は主にAl−Mg合金基板にNiPメッキを施したものが用いられており、2.5インチ用は主にガラス基板が用いられている。各基板上に非磁性下地膜(主にCrまたはCr合金),記録膜(主にCo−Cr系合金)、保護膜(主にDLC:ダイアモンドライクカーボン)、潤滑膜等が成膜されてなる。
【0010】
実際は、基板/下地膜間や下地膜/記録膜間に1層又はそれ以上のバッファー層を設ける事もよく行われる。典型的な膜厚構成として、概ね20Gbit/inch2において下地膜〜30nm、記録膜〜20nm程度である。
【0011】
一方、垂直磁気記録媒体では、基板上に軟磁性裏打ち層(典型的にはパーマロイ等)、記録膜(CoCr系合金、PtCo層とPdとCoの超薄膜を交互に積層させた多層膜、SmCoアモルファス膜などが候補材料等)、保護膜、潤滑膜等よりなる。水平磁気記録媒体と垂直磁気記録媒体で一番大きく異なるのは、前者のCr系非磁性下地層と後者の軟磁性裏打ち層、記録層の組成の2つであろう。特に垂直記録媒体における裏打ち層は、軟磁性でかつ膜厚も概ね100nm以上500nm程度の厚膜が必要とされる。軟磁性裏打ち膜は、上部記録膜からの磁束の通り道であるとともに、記録ヘッドからの書き込み用磁束の通り道ともなる。そのため、永久磁石磁気回路における鉄ヨークと同じ役割を果たしており、上記のように水平記録媒体における膜と比較すると、相対的に大変厚膜にする必要がある。
【0012】
水平記録媒体において非磁性Cr系下地膜を成膜するのに比較し、垂直記録媒体において軟磁性裏打ち膜を成膜することは簡単ではない。
通常、水平記録媒体の各構成膜はドライプロセス(主にマグネトロンスパッタ)で、全て成膜されている。垂直記録媒体においてもドライプロセスによる成膜が、自然な流れである。
しかし、垂直記録媒体における軟磁性裏打ち層のスパッタ成膜には問題がある。マグネトロンスパッタは、磁気記録媒体のみならず金属薄膜の成膜に広く用いられる物理蒸着プロセスである。これは、薄い不活性ガス雰囲気中にターゲットを設置し、該近傍に設置した電極もしくはターゲット自身を電極の1つとして、電極間に高周波を印加してプラズマ化されたガスにより、ターゲット原子を物理的に飛ばして成膜するものである。成膜速度を増加させるため、ターゲット材裏面に永久磁石磁気回路を配し、表面に漏れ出てくる磁力によりプラズマ密度を上昇させることも一般的に行われている。しかしながら、このマグネトロンスパッタ方式により垂直磁気記録用の軟磁性層を形成しようとした場合、多くの問題が生じる。ターゲットが軟磁性であるため、磁気回路から発生する磁束の多くの部分がターゲット内部を通り、ターゲット面外部上に漏洩しにくい。磁束漏洩が少なければ、発生するプラズマが微弱かつ不安定となり、スパッタの成膜速度が十分に確保できなくなる。また、ターゲットの磁束漏洩部から優先的にスパッタされて行くが、スパッタされた箇所は本来ターゲット内を通っていた磁束があるため周縁部より磁束漏洩が増加し、該漏洩箇所は益々スパッタされて掘れていくターゲットの偏磨耗を生ずる。即ち、軟磁性ターゲットのマグネトロンスパッタでは、スパッタ箇所がV溝状に磨耗し、相対的に短時間でバッキングプレートが露出してしまうため、ターゲット寿命が短くなる。一方、ターゲット上での磁束漏洩を多くするため薄いターゲットを用いると、ターゲットは短寿命となり、交換を頻繁にする必要が生じる。ターゲット寿命を長くするため、ターゲット厚みを厚くしようとすると、底部磁気回路からの磁束の大半がターゲット内を通って、磁束の外部漏洩が殆どなくなってしまうため、あまり厚くできない。漏洩磁場が大きくできない事と局所的にスパッタされやすいため、装置面ではスパッタ真空槽を増やさなければ厚い膜の成膜はできない。更にターゲットの偏磨耗は、成膜した膜の厚み均一性や合金組成の均一性にも影響する。一方、軟磁性裏打ち膜の上に成膜される記録層は相対的に薄いため、乾式プロセスでもどのようなプロセスでも特に問題なく成膜可能である。このように、垂直記録媒体における軟磁性裏打ち膜の成膜は、従来のスパッタ方法で原理的にはできるにしても、量産性や生産性の上で大きな問題を抱えている。
【0013】
また、垂直磁気記録媒体に特有の問題として、垂直記録媒体において磁性膜から生じるノイズがある。記録磁性膜由来の媒体ノイズと軟磁性裏打ち膜由来のスパイクノイズに大別される。前者は、水平記録においても生じるものである。しかし、後者の軟磁性裏打ち膜由来のスパイクノイズは、垂直記録膜に特有な問題で、軟磁性裏打ち層に存在する磁壁からの洩れ磁場を磁気ヘッドが拾うために生じると最近では考えられている。軟磁性裏打ち間由来のスパイクノイズを低減することは、垂直記録膜の実用化の上で重要な項目の1つである。
【0014】
【特許文献1】
特公平1−42048号公報
【特許文献2】
特公平2−41089号公報
【特許文献3】
特公平2−59523号公報
【特許文献4】
特公平1−45140号公報
【特許文献5】
特開昭57−105826号公報
【特許文献6】
特開平6−68463号公報
【特許文献7】
特開平6−28655号公報
【特許文献8】
特開平4−259908号公報
【0015】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、このような従来からの成膜方法と基板構成に鑑みて、容易に作製できる軟磁性裏打ち膜を有し、軟磁性裏打ち膜由来のスパイクノイズを低減できる基板とその製造方法を提案するものである。
【0016】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、単結晶Si基板の上に良好な密着性と面内誘導異方性の磁気特性を有する軟磁性金属下地層を直接形成し、さらに表面を研磨により平滑化して良好な金属表面を得て、磁気特性と生産性に優れた垂直磁気記録用ハードディスク基板を得んとするものである。即ち、Si単結晶を用いた基板上に湿式プロセスにより面内に誘導異方性を要する軟磁性磁性膜が成膜されてなることを特徴とするハードディスク用基板を提供する。
【0017】
本発明の垂直磁気記録媒体の模式的な膜構成の断面図を図1に示す。
本発明は、直径65mm以下厚みが1mm以下であり、表面平均粗さ(Rms)が1nm以上1000nm以下のSi単結晶の基板1と、該基板上に設けられた厚さ1nm〜300nmの下地メッキ層2と、該下地メッキ層に設けられた厚さ50nm以上1000nm未満で保磁力20 Oe(=20エルステッド)以下かつ飽和磁化1T以上のメッキ軟磁性層3とを含み、該メッキ軟磁性層の表面平均粗さ(Rms)が0.1nm以上5nm以下である、面内に誘導異方性を有する垂直磁気記録ハードディスク用媒体基板を提供する。また、本発明は、直径65mm以下厚みが1mm以下であり、表面平均粗さ(Rms)が1nm以上1000nm以下のSi単結晶基板上に下地メッキを施す工程と、磁場強度10G以上1000G以下の磁場中で該下地メッキ層上に保磁力20 Oe以下かつ飽和磁化1T以上のメッキ軟磁性層を設ける工程と、該メッキ軟磁性層の表面平均粗さ(Rms)を0.1nm以上5nm以下に研磨する工程とを含む、面内に誘導異方性を有する垂直磁気記録ハードディスク用媒体基板の製造方法を提供する。
【0018】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下で本発明について詳細に述べる。
本発明では、基板としてSi単結晶基板を選択する。Si単結晶基板は、剛性に優れ、表面の平滑性も良好で、表面状態も大変安定であり高記録密度の磁気記録用基板として優れている。磁気記録用基板としてSi基板を用いることは既に公知であり、種々提案されている。例えば、特許文献1〜8などがある。また、これらの中で、Si単結晶基板上に下地層を形成してから、記録層を成膜した記録媒体も開示されている(特許文献2)。このように水平磁気記録媒体基板としてSi単結晶を用いる事は公知であるが、本発明は特に垂直磁気記録に関する基板についてのものである。
【0019】
本発明に用いるSi単結晶基板は、直径65mm以下で厚み1mm以下の基板を対象とし、小口径HDD用途を対象としている。直径65mmを超えると、Si単結晶の材料コスト比率が高くなり過ぎる場合があり、記録媒体基板として好ましくない。65mm以下の基板に使用した場合、Si基板は高剛性であることから薄くしても振動が小さく、モバイル用途に適している。また、その厚みが1mmを超えると研磨による基板各部の厚みばらつきを一定とすることが技術的に困難となるため好ましくない。最小の寸法についてはハードディスクドライブを構成するその他部品との関係で、部品製造に係る難易度及びコストの観点より直径20mm以上が望ましい。厚さの下限は0.1mmが好ましい。厚さは、より好ましくは0.3〜0.7mmである。
【0020】
本発明に用いるSi単結晶基板は、表面の平方平均粗さ(Rms)としては、1nm以上1000nm以下が好ましい。1nm未満では、基板上に設けられた下地メッキ層の密着性が不充分となる場合があり、1000nmを超えるとハードディスクに必要な表面平滑性が得られない場合がある。表面の平方平均粗さ(Rms)は、測定平均線から測定線までの偏差の二乗を平均した値の平方根であり、AFM(アトミック・フォース・マイクロスコピー:原子間力顕微鏡)で測定できる。
【0021】
従来技術の節で述べたように、垂直記録用の成膜を全てドライプロセスで行おうとする点に問題があると、本発明者らは考えた。一般的にハードディスク基板材料の成形、表面加工は研磨、即ち湿式プロセスである。そこで、軟磁性裏打ち膜までを基板の一部と考え、湿式プロセス(電気メッキ、無電解メッキなど)で軟磁性裏打ち膜を形成し、平滑性はメカノ・ケミカル研磨(CMP)で保障するプロセスについて鋭意検討を行った。
下地層形成、軟磁性層の湿式成膜やその後の平滑化加工工程を、基板加工の一部として捉えると、本発明は従来の基板製造プロセスとの相性が非常に良好である。
【0022】
基板としてSi単結晶基板を選択するもう1つの理由は、湿式成膜(メッキ成膜)において、浴のpH値が酸性、アルカリ性のどちらであっても安定して成膜でき、さらに単一材料から構成されているため、基板界面との相互作用が問題となるメッキ製膜では極めて優れた付きまわりの均一性が得られるためである。また、Si単結晶基板を用いる事により、該表面に成膜された各層の結晶性や組織の微細化も良好で、良質の軟磁性裏打ち層が形成できる。
【0023】
ハードディスク媒体表面は、その使用時にヘッドスラップと呼ばれるヘッドの腹打ちによる衝撃が度々加わる為、単に軟磁性裏打ち層を湿式法で形成したのみでは密着性に乏しく、使用時に安易に剥離してしまう。Si基板と軟磁性膜間の密着性を向上させるべく検討を行い、適切なメッキ前処理を行えば良好な密着力が得られる事を見出した。
【0024】
Si基板上良好なメッキ成膜を行うためには、従来のメッキと同様な脱脂及び自然酸化膜除去が必要である。
また、自然酸化膜除去工程は、本発明を実施する上で必須なプロセスである。
従来よりSi単結晶ウエーハ自然酸化膜除去方法としてはHF水溶液中でのエッチングが広く行われている。しかしながら、本発明を実施する上で、同様の方法で酸化膜の除去、並びにメッキ処理を行なうことは好ましくない。
HF水溶液中でSi基板のエッチングを行った場合、表面のSi原子は液中のHイオンと選択的に結合し、その表面はH原子に被覆されることで数時間にわたり疎水性及び再酸化防止作用が発現することが知られている。しかしながら、このような基板上にメッキ成膜された金属膜は素地との密着力が極めて乏しく、膜の洗浄程度のストレスでも容易に剥離してしまう。
基板表面を荒らすことで機械的なアンカー効果により金属膜の密着性を確保する事も可能では有るが、HDD用基板としての利用を考えると表面をミクロン単位の粗さで過度に粗すことは薄い磁気記録膜を上に成膜するのに適さない。
【0025】
本発明者らは、密着性を向上させるSi単結晶ウエーハ自然酸化膜除去方法を検討するうち、僅かに表面粗さの大きい基板の表面をアルカリ、特に0.3〜10重量%のアンモニアと、0.5〜25重量%の過酸化水素を、好ましくは純物質の重量比で2:1から1:2で混溶させた水溶液、又は2〜50重量%の水酸化ナトリウム水溶液等を用いてアルカリ系水溶液によるエッチングを施すと極めて良好なメッキ膜の密着が具現できることを見出し本発明を完成するに至った。
【0026】
特にアンモニアと過酸化水素を混溶させた水溶液は、HF水溶液に比して表面酸化膜除去効果としては微弱であり、一般にはレイセオンプロセスと呼ばれる半導体ウェーハ及び電子工業ガラス等で利用されている化学洗浄工程の洗浄液として用いられている。
検討の結果、この混合エッチング液を用いてSi単結晶基板に所定の微小粗さを残し研磨加工したものを処理すると、その基板表面を劣化させず適度に酸化膜をエッチングすることが可能で有り、メッキ用前処理として極めて好ましい性質を有することが判明した。
【0027】
この混合エッチング液を用いるメッキ前処理に先立って、Si単結晶基板は、鏡面研磨する。鏡面研磨とは、例えば平均粒径10〜200nmのコロイダルシリカを用いて、表面粗さ(Rms)1〜1000nmに平滑にすることである。
【0028】
エッチングをメッキ前処理として施した後にメッキを行うことでSi基板と磁性メッキ膜の間に良好な密着性を持った膜が成膜できる。メッキ膜と該Si基板の密着力の原因は幾分物理的な初期の研磨による表面粗さ、即ちアンカー効果も寄与しているとは言えるものの、同様な粗さを有する基板を未処理状態でメッキに供しても十分な密着性が得られないことから類推し、多分に化学的なミクロなメカニズムに因っていることが考えられる。所定の前処理が施されている基板で有れば、後段の下地メッキ成膜は電解メッキでも無電解メッキでも構わない。しいて言えば、無電解メッキの方がSi基板の電気的特性にメッキ条件が左右されにくいので望ましい。
【0029】
下地メッキ層は、例えば、0.01〜0.5Nの硫酸ニッケルに0.02〜1Nの塩化アンモニウムを加えて行うことができ、その際にpHを8〜10に調整し、温度75〜95℃でメッキを行うことができるが、その他の方法でも、NiとCuとAgとからなる一群から選ばれる一以上の金属(この場合、合金を含む)のメッキをすることが好ましく、更にはNi又はCuを選択することがよい。下地メッキ層の厚さは、1nm以上300nm以下が好ましい。1mm未満だと基板表面が均一に被覆できない場合があり、300nmを超えると下地膜の結晶が肥大化してしまう場合があるからである。
【0030】
Si単結晶基板上に成膜された軟磁性裏打ち層には、種々の合金組成があり得る。良好な軟磁気特性(低保磁力Hc値)を有するには、結晶磁気異方性Kuと磁歪λuの値が同時に零を満足するような合金が望ましい。また、その飽和磁化(Bs)に関しては1T以上、特に好ましくは45モル%Niと55モル%Feのパーマロイの如くBsが1.5T前後有るような高透磁率材料が適する。その他本発明に用いられることが出来る軟磁性層材料としては、湿式プロセスで成膜可能で、軟磁性を有するパーマロイ(NiFe系合金)やCoNi系合金、CoFe系合金、CoFeNi系合金などがあげられる。さらに、磁力の観点からは、このような高飽和磁化と低保磁力特性を両立できる合金組成が望ましい。CoFeNi系合金は比較的高磁化Bsを示すが、同時にKuとλsが両方とも「0」もしくはそれに近い値を取る条件が存在すれば、低いHcを実現できる。特に逢坂らにより報告された電解メッキ成膜されたCoFeNi系合金薄膜は、微細な構造を持ち2T前後の飽和磁化とHc<20e以下の軟磁気特性を両立させる事が可能なため、本発明では大変好ましい材料と考えられる。例えば、T.Osakaら,Nature387,(1998),796;K.Ohashiら,IEEE Trans.Mag.35,(1999),2538;K.Ohashiら,IEEETrans.Mag.34,(1998),1462 などで報告されている。
【0031】
また、FeTaC膜やCo系アモルファス膜も裏打ち膜の候補材料であるが、これらの膜はスパッタなどのドライプロセスにより成膜されるものであるので、本発明の範囲に属さない場合がある。本発明に適合するのは、あくまで湿式プロセス成膜可能な合金である。
【0032】
軟磁性層の透磁率を1T以上としたのは上記理由による膜厚の制限に対しての見合いによるものである。Bsが1T未満の材料を使用した場合、軟磁性裏打ち層として必要な性能を得るためには膜厚を厚くする必要がある。一般に湿式、乾式を問わず肉厚の金属層を形成しようとする場合、膜厚の増大と共に金属層組織内の粒が成長する。磁気記録においてはS/Nを向上させるために、記録層及び記録再生時に磁路となる軟磁性下地層の結晶粒界の肥大を抑制することは極めて重要で有る。本発明の湿式プロセスにおいては、軟磁性下地層の膜厚みが1000nmを超えると粒成長が顕著に進行する。また、軟磁性膜中の微細組織の粒径分布も広がって、粒サイズの不均一が大きくなるためその膜厚みについては50〜1000nmとした。
【0033】
保磁力(iHc)については、その値が20 Oeを超えると書き込み時にヘッドより発生する磁束が該軟磁性層を透過する際に大きな妨げとなり、結果的に媒体とした場合のS/N比が大きく低下することが知られている。本発明においてはこのような知見を踏まえ軟磁性下地層を規定する用件として保磁力の下限を20 Oe以下と規定した。
【0034】
Si単結晶基板上に電気メッキにて軟磁性膜を成膜するにおいて、強固な化学結合形成のためには、金属下地膜を形成する際にメッキ液中の金属イオンが単結晶Si基板表面より直接電子を授受する必要が有る。電気メッキ成膜を行う場合は、真性半導体Si単結晶よりは、不純物をドープし内部に過電子対を内包するN極性を有する材料を用いる方が望ましい。無電解メッキにて軟磁性膜を成膜する場合は、Si基板はN型でも、P型でも、またノンドープの真性単結晶でも構わない。
【0035】
垂直記録媒体において磁性膜から生じるノイズは、記録磁性膜由来の媒体ノイズと軟磁性裏打ち膜由来のスパイクノイズに大別され、後者の軟磁性裏打ち膜由来のスパイクノイズは、軟磁性裏打ち層に存在する磁壁からの洩れ磁場を磁気ヘッドが拾うために生じると最近では考えられることは既に述べた通りである。
【0036】
該スパイクノイズを低減するには、軟磁性裏打ち膜内の磁壁をなくすことが有効である。これを実現するために幾つかの提案がなされている。例えば、ドライプロセスによる裏打ち膜下部に該膜の磁気モーメントを交換結合でピン止めすることが提案されている。該ピン止め層として強磁性ハード膜か反強磁性膜を入れると、下部膜からの交換磁場により軟磁性裏打ち膜が実効的に緩くピン止めされ、磁壁が著しく減少し有効であると言われている。ただ、ピン止め層として強磁性ハード膜は、軟磁性裏打ち膜に磁束を供給する元となり、透磁率を低下させるので、反強磁性膜の方が望ましい。また、軟磁性裏打ち膜を軟磁性層と非磁性層の層状構造にすることも、磁壁抑制に有効であると言われている。
【0037】
これらの手法は有効であることが確かめられているが、軟磁性裏打ち膜自身で磁壁抑制を図ることが難しいため考えられたものである。難点は、膜構成が複雑になり、量産性を考慮した場合に、作製が必ずしも容易でないことである。
【0038】
そこで、本発明においては、軟磁性裏打ち膜自身で磁壁を減少させる事を考案した。軟磁性裏打ち膜は湿式法(典型的にはメッキ法)により成膜される。一般に、軟磁性材を磁場中で熱処理冷却したりメッキ成膜すると、磁場印加方向に誘導異方性が生じるのは周知の事実である。特に、FeNi合金(パーマロイ)の誘導異方性に対して、Neel・谷口達が与えた説明は方向性規則配列の機構として有名である。そこで、本発明者らは、磁場中で軟磁性裏打ち膜のメッキ成膜を行い、概ね基板の径方向もしくは周方向に磁場が印加されたようにしたところ、磁区構造の生じない(つまり磁壁が存在しない)面内異方性の軟磁性裏打ち膜が成膜できることを見出した。
【0039】
本発明でいう所の誘導異方性とは軟磁性膜の磁気特性が膜面において計測方向により異なる角度依存の磁気異方性を有することである。
磁気異方性は軟磁性膜を構成する磁子が特定方向に配列することで磁化容易方向と困難方向が生じた状態である。
本発明における誘導異方性とは特に、VSM等の磁化測定装置により保磁力を計測した場合、磁化容易方向と困難方向との保磁力の差異が30%以上ある磁気異方性の状態をいう。
また、軟磁性膜の飽和磁化(Ms)と残留磁化(Mr)の比率であるMr/Msに関しては磁化容易方向と困難方向との差異が面内方向で5%以上ある状態をいう。
本発明における誘導異方性の方向としては磁化容易磁区の方向で模式的に表現した場合、近接する領域の磁気異方性の方向が直行もしくは反転しないものに限局される。
即ち、本発明で誘導異方性としていう所の磁気異方性の方向は、図4に示した一方向への配列、図5に示した周方向の配列、図6に示した径方向の配列を取りうる。一方、角度による磁気異方性を有している場合でも図7に示すような状態は本発明には該当しない。
【0040】
本発明によれば、面内に誘導異方性を有する軟磁性裏打ち膜が単層で得られるため、該裏打ち膜内部の多層構造や該裏打ち膜下部のピン止め層などは用いる必要がない。
【0041】
磁場中メッキに必要な磁場強度は、10G以上1000G以下で、該範囲以下では十分な誘導異方性が得られない。該範囲以上でも良好な誘導異方性は得られるが、磁場印加を行う永久磁石磁気回路や電磁石の設備が大きくかつ高価になり過ぎるため、望ましくない。
【0042】
軟磁性層の形成は、例えば、0.001〜0.1NのDMAB(ジメチルアミンボラン)、0.002〜0.2Nの硫酸ニッケル、0.002〜0.2Nの硫酸鉄、0.01〜1Nの硫酸コバルト等を用い、光沢剤としてはサッカリン等、キレート剤としては、酒石酸、クエン酸、EDTA等、応力緩和剤としてはメルカポルベンゾジアゾティアゾール等を適宜添加し、pH6〜13に調整し、温度55〜75℃で膜を形成することができる。
【0043】
Si単結晶基板上に湿式プロセスで成膜された軟磁性膜の表面粗さは、研磨により裏打ち膜表面を研磨加工することにより保障する。研磨は機械研磨でもCMP研磨でも可能である。CMPは、普通の研磨スラリーのみにより研磨するのと異なり、酸性もしくはアルカリ性研磨液による化学研磨を共存させながら加工する。研磨媒体にはコロイダルアルミナ或いはコロイダルシリカ等が使用される。コロイド系の研磨媒体を用いるCMP研磨は研磨速度が速く、表面粗さも著しく向上す為、垂直磁気記録媒体の研磨方法として好適である。これは、コロイド研磨媒体の粒径が10〜100nmと極めて微小で有ることに加えてその形状が球状に近く優れた平滑性が具現出来る為である。さらに、CMP研磨では、単純に機械的に表面を削り取っている訳ではなく、化学的に溶かすようなプロセスにより研磨を行っているため、微小な球状研磨媒体を使用しても工業的に十分な研磨速度が確保できる。
【0044】
研磨スラリーの品種、並びにpH値は、被研磨材(本発明では軟磁性裏打ち薄膜)の合金組成により異なる。例えば、CoFeNi膜では研磨スラリーはpH10以上のアルカリサイドが望ましいが、パーマロイ膜では化学的なエッチング作用の観点から酸性側のpH値にする方がよい。
研磨条件は、各合金組成膜で良好な表面粗さになるように、最適化される。研磨に影響を与えるパラメータには、機械の種類や大きさ、研磨スラリー(研磨材、pH値、液温)、バフ、回転速度などが有り、各々との見合いで最適化する必要がある。
【0045】
本発明は、高密度記録用のハードディスク下地膜に係るものであり、その研磨後の平滑性については、平均表面粗さRa或いは平方平均粗さRmsで0.1nm以上5nm以下、特に好ましくは0.1〜0.5nmとなるよう研磨する事が望ましい。0.1nm以下にしようとすると、多段CMPや条件範囲が極めて厳しくなり過ぎるため、好ましくない。また、5nm以上では、裏打ち膜の上に載せる記録膜の表面粗さに悪影響を与えるため、これ以下であることが望ましい。平面粗さ(Ra)とは、測定平均線から測定線までの絶対値偏差の平均であり、平方平均粗さ(Rms)は測定平均線から測定線までの偏差の二乗を平均した値の平方根である。これらは、AFMによって測定できる。
【0046】
CMP研磨により平滑性が向上した基板は、ブラシ洗浄などの手段により、表面の付着粒子を取り除いて清浄化される。
【0047】
ガラス研磨で使用される酸化物スラリーによる通常機械研磨等も使用することは可能で有るが、既に述べたような研磨速度が遅いことや良好研磨面を得るのに多段研磨が必要であったりするため、CMPの方がより望ましい。CMPに本発明の裏打ち膜の平滑化まで保障されたSi単結晶基板を使用すれば、該基板上に種々の組成の合金系記録膜や多層膜を成膜して、優れた垂直磁気記録用媒体とすることが可能となる。
【0048】
【実施例】
実施例1
CZ(チョコラルスキー)法で製作した200mmSi単結晶基板から、コア抜き・芯取り・ラップを行った、直径65mmの(100)Si単結晶(PドープのN型基板)を平均粒径95nmのコロイダルシリカにより両面研磨し、表面平均粗さ(Rms)5nm(AFM(原子間力顕微鏡)による測定)まで平滑にした。この基板を80℃、30重量%アンモニア水溶液に飽和過酸化水素水を混合し各々の濃度を2重量%とした水溶液中で浸漬エッチングして、基板表面の薄い表面酸化膜を除去した。この基板を0.1N硫酸ニッケル水溶液に塩化アンモニウムを適宜添加し、さらにアンモニア水を少量加えpH8とした80℃のメッキ液中で無電解メッキを施し、表面にNiメッキ膜を50nm被覆した。この後、軟磁性層としてCoNiFe軟磁性膜を概ね1000nm成膜した。メッキは、80℃、pH9のCo、Ni、Feを主含有する塩化アンモニウム浴でキレート剤にはジメチルアミンボランを使用し光沢材、応力緩和剤としてサッカリン等を適宜加えたものにより製膜を行った。Niメッキ膜と軟磁性Co2Ni14Feメッキ膜成膜時に、磁場強度200Gの磁場中で成膜を行った。該磁場はNdFeB希土類永久磁石を対向させた磁気回路でメッキ槽を挟む形にして、発生させた。
成膜後、EPMAの波長分散法で構成元素の分析を行ったところ、概ね60モル%Coと10モル%Niと30モル%Feの組成であった。VSM(試料振動型磁力計:バイブレイティング・サンプル・マグネトメータ)で磁気特性を測定したところ、Bs:1.9T,iHc:20eの低保磁力で軟磁性を示した。
成膜後の軟磁性膜付き基板をpH11、液温30℃の平均粒径80nmコロイダルシリカ含有研磨液により180Gf/cm2の圧力を印加しつつ不織布を張った定盤径700mmの両面研磨機により6分間研磨を行い、軟磁性膜を概ね400nm厚とした。研磨後の表面をAFMで測定したところRms:0.6nmであり、基板前面に渡り概ね平坦化されていた。また、MFMにて基板内の異なる20箇所をサンプリングし、磁壁存在の有無をチェックしたが見つからなかった。
メッキ膜の密着性を確認する意味で該基板表面にマグネトロンスパッタにより20nmのダイヤモンドライクカーボン(DLC)保護膜を被覆した後、東芝社2.5インチハードディスクユニットMK−4313MATに組み込み、ヘッドが基板に密着した状態でAVEX社SM−105MPにより750Gの衝撃を印加する耐久試験(ヘッドスラップテスト)を実施した。試験後、基板表面を30倍の光学顕微鏡で観察したところ、衝突痕は確認されたもののメッキ膜の剥離は全く認められなかった。
膜面の各角度における磁気特性をVSMにより計測した所、図4記載の様に膜面に平行方向に磁化容易磁区のある誘導異方性が付与されていることが確認され、その保磁力は磁化容易磁区方向で2 Oe、磁化困難軸方向で4 Oeでありその差は100%で有った。
【0049】
垂直記録媒体基板として、湿式プロセスで良好な軟磁性膜を成膜でき、良好な軟磁気特性と該軟磁性膜の平坦化を実現できた。垂直磁気記録媒体用として好適な基板が提供可能となった。
【0050】
【発明の効果】
本発明によりSi単結晶基板の上に厚膜の軟磁性裏打ち膜を容易に成膜可能となり、かつ表面粗さが保障された良好な垂直磁気記録用Si単結晶基板を提供することが可能となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の垂直磁気記録媒体の模式的な膜構成の断面図である。
【図2】従来の水平磁気記録媒体の模式的な膜構成の断面図である。
【図3】従来の垂直磁気記録媒体の模式的な膜構成の断面図である。
【図4】誘導異方性としていう所の磁気異方性の方向を示す図である。
【図5】誘導異方性としていう所の磁気異方性の方向を示す図である。
【図6】誘導異方性としていう所の磁気異方性の方向を示す図である。
【図7】誘導異方性としていう所の磁気異方性の方向を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
1   Si単結晶基板
2   下地メッキ層
3   軟磁性層
101 基板
103 下地層
104 記録層
105 軟磁性層
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a substrate material used for a substrate hard disk for perpendicular magnetic recording and a method for manufacturing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the field of magnetic recording, information recording by a hard disk device is indispensable as a primary external recording device of a computer such as a personal computer. The improvement in magnetic recording density of hard disk drives has been remarkable in recent years, and is increasing at a rate of 100% or more per year. The recording density is close to 60 Gbit / inch2 at the research level and reaches 30 Gbit / inch2 at the product level.
[0003]
Such a high recording density is achieved by remarkable improvement in performance of each mechanical element such as an electronic component and software constituting the hard disk device. In particular, this is largely due to the development of magnetic heads (such as thin film heads, MR heads, and GMR heads) for reading and writing recorded information and correction methods (software) for improving the reliability of read signals. However, there is no particular change in the basic recording system and the device configuration, and the device configuration is based on the horizontal magnetic recording system.
[0004]
However, as the magnetic recording density is improved, the volume of the recording layer per bit for magnetic recording is rapidly reduced. To improve the recording density, it is necessary to improve both the linear recording density in the circumferential direction and the track density in the radial direction. However, in the principle of magnetic recording, there is a problem particularly in the linear recording density. This will be described in detail below.
[0005]
The magnetic recording method is roughly classified into horizontal magnetic recording and perpendicular magnetic recording as schematically shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 according to a method of arranging magnetic unit arrays (bits) for holding information on a recording medium.
Horizontal magnetic recording is a method in which recording is performed so that a magnetic information unit composed of SN magnetic poles is parallel to the plane of a recording medium, and is used for a conventional hard disk medium. On the other hand, perpendicular magnetic recording is a method of performing recording so that the magnetic information unit is perpendicular to the plane of the recording medium, and is widely used for video tapes and the like that require high-density recording.
[0006]
Now, in magnetic recording, when the recording density per unit area is increased, it is naturally necessary to reduce the volume of the magnetic recording unit (bit).
However, from the fundamental problem of magnetic theory, it is known that the ferromagnetic material responsible for recording is not kept stable as far as the volume of the magnetic material expressing it is reduced. . Thermal energy kT (k: Boltzmann constant, T: absolute temperature) at room temperature and anisotropic energy KuV (Ku: anisotropic energy, especially in the case of magnetic recording, crystal magnetic properties in magnetic recording) It is known that due to competition for anisotropic energy (V: unit recording bit volume), when the volume of a magnetic recording unit is extremely small and approaches kT to KuV, the magnetization state of the ferromagnetic material becomes unstable even at room temperature. ing. When the magnetization volume per bit is extremely small as described above, a state in which the ferromagnetic material becomes like a paramagnetic material is called superparamagnetism. It is known that there is a critical dimension (critical volume) at which the magnetic recording material becomes superparamagnetic, depending on the magnetic recording material.
[0007]
In actual magnetic recording, if the recording unit volume is reduced to a value close to the critical dimension by increasing the recording density, the problem becomes apparent before superparamagnetism is reached. The magnetization state of the ferromagnetic state subjected to the magnetic recording is attenuated with time in a relatively short time, and the magnetic azimuth is oriented in a random direction, thereby altering the magnetic recording information (the S / N ratio of the signal read from the magnetic head is reduced). Problem). When such a phenomenon occurs in magnetic recording, after a certain period of time, the recorded information written cannot be read or cannot be written. Such attenuation of recording bits due to superparamagnetism has become a very serious problem in recent years as a "thermal fluctuation" problem, which determines the magnetic recording limit.
In conventional horizontal magnetic recording, it is not clear how far the recording limit caused by thermal fluctuations is. However, in the case of a hard disk medium, it is converted to a recording density, and it may be around 100 Gbit / inch2. It is considered.
[0008]
As a method of overcoming the recording limit due to the thermal fluctuation of the conventional horizontal magnetic recording hard disk medium, various new recording methods have been proposed. Perpendicular magnetic recording is considered to be the most promising. In perpendicular magnetic recording, the magnetic field from an adjacent bit is in the same direction as the magnetization direction, and is in a direction that helps the stability of the recorded magnetization bit. In other words, a closed magnetic path is formed between adjacent bits, the self-demagnetizing field (hereinafter, referred to as demagnetizing field) due to its own magnetization is smaller than that in horizontal magnetic recording, and the magnetization state is stabilized. On the other hand, in horizontal magnetic recording, as the linear recording density increases, the adjacent recording bits become closer and the demagnetizing field increases. In order to further increase the linear recording density, it is necessary to make the recording layer extremely thin so that the magnetization rotation mode does not occur inside the magnetic recording layer. In horizontal magnetic recording, the recording bit volume decreases three-dimensionally as the recording density increases. With respect to the magnetic film thickness, it is not necessary to reduce the magnetic film thickness in perpendicular magnetic recording as the recording density increases. From these points, it can be said that perpendicular magnetic recording is a recording method in which the demagnetizing field can be reduced and the value of KuV can be secured, so that the stability against magnetization due to thermal fluctuation is large, and the recording limit can be greatly expanded. As a recording medium, it has a high affinity with a horizontal recording medium, and writing and reading of magnetic recording can be basically performed using the same technology as that used conventionally.
[0009]
However, in detail, there are some items that hinder the practical use of perpendicular magnetic recording. One of them is the configuration of the magnetic medium. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a schematic film configuration of a horizontal magnetic recording medium, and FIG. In the horizontal magnetic recording medium of FIG. 2, a nonmagnetic underlayer 103 having a thickness of 20 to 30 nm and a recording layer 104 having a thickness of 20 to 30 nm are formed on a substrate 101. In the perpendicular magnetic recording medium of FIG. 3, a soft magnetic layer 105 having a thickness of 100 to 500 nm and a recording layer 104 having a thickness of 20 to 30 nm are formed on a substrate 101.
As a substrate for horizontal magnetic recording, a substrate mainly made of an Al-Mg alloy substrate plated with NiP is used for 3.5 inches, and a glass substrate is mainly used for 2.5 inches. . On each substrate, a non-magnetic base film (mainly Cr or Cr alloy), a recording film (mainly Co-Cr alloy), a protective film (mainly DLC: diamond-like carbon), a lubricating film, etc. are formed. .
[0010]
In practice, it is often practiced to provide one or more buffer layers between a substrate and a base film or between a base film and a recording film. As a typical film thickness configuration, the base film is about 30 nm and the recording film is about 20 nm at about 20 Gbit / inch2.
[0011]
On the other hand, in a perpendicular magnetic recording medium, a soft magnetic backing layer (typically, permalloy or the like) is formed on a substrate, a recording film (a CoCr-based alloy, a multilayer film in which a PtCo layer and an ultrathin film of Pd and Co are alternately laminated, a SmCo An amorphous film or the like is composed of a candidate material), a protective film, a lubricating film, and the like. The most significant difference between the horizontal magnetic recording medium and the perpendicular magnetic recording medium is the composition of the former Cr-based nonmagnetic underlayer, the latter soft magnetic underlayer, and the recording layer. In particular, the backing layer in a perpendicular recording medium needs to be soft magnetic and have a thickness of about 100 nm to 500 nm. The soft magnetic backing film serves as a path for the magnetic flux from the upper recording film and also for the magnetic flux for writing from the recording head. Therefore, it plays the same role as the iron yoke in the permanent magnet magnetic circuit, and needs to be relatively thick as compared with the film on the horizontal recording medium as described above.
[0012]
Forming a soft magnetic underlayer on a perpendicular recording medium is not as easy as forming a nonmagnetic Cr-based underlayer on a horizontal recording medium.
Usually, all the constituent films of the horizontal recording medium are formed by a dry process (mainly magnetron sputtering). Even in a perpendicular recording medium, film formation by a dry process is a natural flow.
However, there is a problem in sputter deposition of a soft magnetic underlayer in a perpendicular recording medium. Magnetron sputtering is a physical vapor deposition process widely used for forming not only magnetic recording media but also metal thin films. In this method, a target is placed in a thin inert gas atmosphere, and a target atom is physically formed by applying a high frequency between the electrodes and treating the target atoms with an electrode placed in the vicinity or the target itself as one of the electrodes. It is intended to form a film by skipping. In order to increase the deposition rate, it is common practice to arrange a permanent magnet magnetic circuit on the back surface of the target material and increase the plasma density by magnetic force leaking to the front surface. However, many problems arise when an attempt is made to form a soft magnetic layer for perpendicular magnetic recording by the magnetron sputtering method. Since the target is soft magnetic, a large part of the magnetic flux generated from the magnetic circuit passes through the inside of the target and hardly leaks to the outside of the target surface. If the leakage of the magnetic flux is small, the generated plasma becomes weak and unstable, and it is not possible to sufficiently secure the film forming speed of sputtering. Also, the target is sputtered preferentially from the magnetic flux leakage portion, but the sputtered portion has a magnetic flux originally passing through the target, so the magnetic flux leakage increases from the peripheral portion, and the leaked portion is spattered more and more. Uneven wear of the digging target occurs. That is, in magnetron sputtering of a soft magnetic target, the sputtered portion is worn in a V-groove shape, and the backing plate is exposed in a relatively short time, so that the target life is shortened. On the other hand, if a thin target is used to increase magnetic flux leakage on the target, the target has a short life and needs to be replaced frequently. If the thickness of the target is increased in order to prolong the life of the target, most of the magnetic flux from the bottom magnetic circuit passes through the target and almost no external leakage of the magnetic flux occurs. Since the leakage magnetic field cannot be increased and local sputtering is likely, a thick film cannot be formed on the apparatus surface unless the number of sputtering vacuum chambers is increased. Further, uneven wear of the target also affects the uniformity of the thickness of the formed film and the uniformity of the alloy composition. On the other hand, since the recording layer formed on the soft magnetic backing film is relatively thin, it can be formed without any problem by a dry process or any process. As described above, the formation of the soft magnetic backing film on the perpendicular recording medium has a serious problem in terms of mass productivity and productivity even though it can be done in principle by a conventional sputtering method.
[0013]
Further, as a problem specific to the perpendicular magnetic recording medium, there is noise generated from the magnetic film in the perpendicular recording medium. It is roughly classified into medium noise derived from the recording magnetic film and spike noise derived from the soft magnetic backing film. The former also occurs in horizontal recording. However, it is recently considered that the latter spike noise derived from the soft magnetic underlayer is a problem peculiar to the perpendicular recording film, and is caused by the magnetic head picking up a leakage magnetic field from the domain wall present in the soft magnetic underlayer. . Reducing spike noise due to the gap between the soft magnetic linings is one of the important items for practical use of the perpendicular recording film.
[0014]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-404848 [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-41089 [Patent Document 3]
Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-59523 [Patent Document 4]
Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-45140 [Patent Document 5]
JP-A-57-105826 [Patent Document 6]
JP-A-6-68463 [Patent Document 7]
JP-A-6-28655 [Patent Document 8]
JP-A-4-259908
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In view of such a conventional film forming method and substrate configuration, the present invention proposes a substrate having a soft magnetic backing film that can be easily manufactured and capable of reducing spike noise derived from the soft magnetic backing film, and a method of manufacturing the same. Is what you do.
[0016]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention directly forms a soft magnetic metal underlayer having good adhesion and magnetic properties of in-plane induced anisotropy on a single crystal Si substrate, and further smoothes the surface by polishing to form a good metal surface. It is an object of the present invention to obtain a hard disk substrate for perpendicular magnetic recording excellent in magnetic properties and productivity. That is, the present invention provides a hard disk substrate in which a soft magnetic magnetic film requiring in-plane induced anisotropy is formed by a wet process on a substrate using a Si single crystal.
[0017]
FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a schematic film configuration of the perpendicular magnetic recording medium of the present invention.
The present invention relates to a Si single crystal substrate 1 having a diameter of 65 mm or less and a thickness of 1 mm or less and a surface average roughness (Rms) of 1 nm or more and 1000 nm or less, and a base plating of 1 nm to 300 nm provided on the substrate. A layer 2 and a plated soft magnetic layer 3 having a thickness of 50 nm or more and less than 1000 nm, a coercive force of 20 Oe (= 20 Oe) or less and a saturation magnetization of 1 T or more provided on the base plating layer. A medium substrate for a perpendicular magnetic recording hard disk having an in-plane induced anisotropy and having a surface average roughness (Rms) of 0.1 nm or more and 5 nm or less. The present invention also provides a step of applying a base plating on a Si single crystal substrate having a diameter of 65 mm or less, a thickness of 1 mm or less, and a surface average roughness (Rms) of 1 nm or more and 1000 nm or less, and a magnetic field strength of 10 G or more and 1000 G or less. Providing a plated soft magnetic layer having a coercive force of 20 Oe or less and a saturation magnetization of 1 T or more on the underlying plated layer, and polishing the plated soft magnetic layer to have a surface average roughness (Rms) of 0.1 nm or more and 5 nm or less. And a method of manufacturing a medium substrate for a perpendicular magnetic recording hard disk having in-plane induced anisotropy.
[0018]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
In the present invention, a Si single crystal substrate is selected as the substrate. The Si single crystal substrate has excellent rigidity, good surface smoothness, very stable surface state, and is excellent as a magnetic recording substrate having a high recording density. The use of a Si substrate as a magnetic recording substrate is already known and various proposals have been made. For example, there are Patent Documents 1 to 8 and the like. Among them, a recording medium in which a recording layer is formed after forming a base layer on a Si single crystal substrate is also disclosed (Patent Document 2). Although it is known to use a Si single crystal as a substrate for a horizontal magnetic recording medium, the present invention particularly relates to a substrate for perpendicular magnetic recording.
[0019]
The Si single crystal substrate used in the present invention is intended for a substrate having a diameter of 65 mm or less and a thickness of 1 mm or less, and is intended for a small-diameter HDD. If the diameter exceeds 65 mm, the material cost ratio of the Si single crystal may be too high, which is not preferable as a recording medium substrate. When used for a substrate having a size of 65 mm or less, the Si substrate has high rigidity, so that even if it is thin, vibration is small, and it is suitable for mobile applications. On the other hand, if the thickness exceeds 1 mm, it becomes technically difficult to make the thickness variation of each part of the substrate due to polishing undesirably difficult. The minimum dimension is desirably 20 mm or more in terms of the difficulty in manufacturing components and cost in relation to other components constituting the hard disk drive. The lower limit of the thickness is preferably 0.1 mm. The thickness is more preferably 0.3 to 0.7 mm.
[0020]
The Si single crystal substrate used in the present invention preferably has a surface square average roughness (Rms) of 1 nm or more and 1000 nm or less. If it is less than 1 nm, the adhesion of the underlying plating layer provided on the substrate may be insufficient, and if it exceeds 1000 nm, the surface smoothness required for the hard disk may not be obtained. The surface mean square roughness (Rms) is the square root of the value obtained by averaging the square of the deviation from the measurement average line to the measurement line, and can be measured by AFM (Atomic Force Microscopy: Atomic Force Microscope).
[0021]
As described in the section of the prior art, the present inventors have considered that there is a problem in that all of the film formation for perpendicular recording is performed by a dry process. Generally, molding and surface processing of a hard disk substrate material are polishing, that is, a wet process. Therefore, a process that considers the part up to the soft magnetic backing film as a part of the substrate, forms the soft magnetic backing film by a wet process (electroplating, electroless plating, etc.) and guarantees smoothness by mechano-chemical polishing (CMP) We worked diligently.
When the formation of the underlayer, the wet film formation of the soft magnetic layer, and the subsequent smoothing process are regarded as a part of the substrate processing, the present invention is very compatible with the conventional substrate manufacturing process.
[0022]
Another reason for selecting a Si single crystal substrate as a substrate is that, in wet film formation (plating film formation), a film can be formed stably regardless of whether the pH value of the bath is acidic or alkaline. This is because, in the plating film formation in which the interaction with the substrate interface becomes a problem, extremely excellent uniformity of the throwing power can be obtained. In addition, by using a Si single crystal substrate, each layer formed on the surface has good crystallinity and fine structure, and a high quality soft magnetic underlayer can be formed.
[0023]
Since the surface of the hard disk medium is frequently subjected to an impact due to the striking of the head called a head slap at the time of its use, simply forming the soft magnetic backing layer by a wet method has poor adhesion and easily peels off at the time of use. Investigations were made to improve the adhesion between the Si substrate and the soft magnetic film, and it was found that a good adhesion could be obtained by performing an appropriate plating pretreatment.
[0024]
In order to form a good plating film on a Si substrate, it is necessary to perform degreasing and removal of a natural oxide film as in the case of conventional plating.
Further, the natural oxide film removing step is an essential process for carrying out the present invention.
Conventionally, etching in an HF aqueous solution has been widely performed as a method for removing a natural oxide film of a Si single crystal wafer. However, in carrying out the present invention, it is not preferable to perform the removal of the oxide film and the plating by the same method.
When an Si substrate is etched in an HF aqueous solution, Si atoms on the surface are selectively bonded to H ions in the solution, and the surface is coated with the H atoms, so that the surface is hydrophobic and prevents reoxidation for several hours. It is known that the action is exhibited. However, a metal film formed by plating on such a substrate has extremely poor adhesion to a substrate, and easily peels off even with a stress equivalent to cleaning of the film.
Although it is possible to secure the adhesion of the metal film by mechanical anchoring by roughening the substrate surface, considering the use as a HDD substrate, it is not possible to roughen the surface excessively with micron-level roughness. It is not suitable for forming a thin magnetic recording film thereon.
[0025]
The inventors of the present invention have studied a method for removing a natural oxide film of a Si single crystal wafer for improving adhesion, and found that the surface of a substrate having a slightly large surface roughness was treated with an alkali, particularly 0.3 to 10% by weight of ammonia, An aqueous solution in which 0.5 to 25% by weight of hydrogen peroxide is mixed preferably in a weight ratio of a pure substance of 2: 1 to 1: 2, or an aqueous solution of 2 to 50% by weight of sodium hydroxide is used. The present inventors have found that an extremely good adhesion of a plating film can be realized by etching with an alkaline aqueous solution, and have completed the present invention.
[0026]
In particular, an aqueous solution in which ammonia and hydrogen peroxide are mixed has a weaker surface oxide film removing effect than an HF aqueous solution, and is generally used in semiconductor wafers called the Raytheon process and in electronic industrial glass. It is used as a cleaning liquid in the cleaning process.
As a result of the study, it is possible to etch the oxide film appropriately without deteriorating the substrate surface by processing the polished Si single crystal substrate while leaving a predetermined minute roughness with this mixed etchant. It was found that the composition had extremely favorable properties as a pretreatment for plating.
[0027]
Prior to the plating pretreatment using the mixed etching solution, the Si single crystal substrate is mirror-polished. Mirror polishing refers to smoothing to a surface roughness (Rms) of 1 to 1000 nm using, for example, colloidal silica having an average particle size of 10 to 200 nm.
[0028]
By performing plating after performing etching as a pre-plating process, a film having good adhesion between the Si substrate and the magnetic plating film can be formed. Although the cause of the adhesion between the plating film and the Si substrate is somewhat contributing to the surface roughness due to the initial physical polishing, that is, it can be said that the anchor effect also contributes, the substrate having the same roughness is left untreated. It is inferred from the fact that sufficient adhesion cannot be obtained even when subjected to plating, and is probably due to a chemical micro mechanism. As long as the substrate has been subjected to a predetermined pre-treatment, the subsequent base plating film formation may be electrolytic plating or electroless plating. In other words, electroless plating is preferable because the plating conditions are hardly influenced by the electrical characteristics of the Si substrate.
[0029]
The base plating layer can be formed by, for example, adding 0.01 to 0.5 N nickel sulfate to 0.02 to 1 N ammonium chloride, adjusting the pH to 8 to 10 at that time, and setting the temperature to 75 to 95 N. Although plating can be performed at ℃, it is preferable to perform plating of one or more metals (including an alloy in this case) selected from a group consisting of Ni, Cu and Ag by other methods. Alternatively, it is better to select Cu. The thickness of the base plating layer is preferably 1 nm or more and 300 nm or less. If the thickness is less than 1 mm, the surface of the substrate may not be uniformly coated, and if it exceeds 300 nm, the crystals of the base film may be enlarged.
[0030]
The soft magnetic backing layer formed on the Si single crystal substrate may have various alloy compositions. In order to have good soft magnetic properties (low coercive force Hc value), it is desirable to use an alloy in which the values of the magnetocrystalline anisotropy Ku and the magnetostriction λu simultaneously satisfy zero. With respect to the saturation magnetization (Bs), a material having a high magnetic permeability such as 1 T or more, particularly preferably a permalloy of 45 mol% Ni and 55 mol% Fe, having Bs of about 1.5 T is suitable. Other soft magnetic layer materials that can be used in the present invention include permalloy (NiFe-based alloys), CoNi-based alloys, CoFe-based alloys, and CoFeNi-based alloys that can be formed by a wet process and have soft magnetism. . Further, from the viewpoint of magnetic force, an alloy composition that can achieve such high saturation magnetization and low coercive force characteristics is desirable. The CoFeNi-based alloy shows a relatively high magnetization Bs, but at the same time, a low Hc can be realized if there is a condition that both Ku and λs take “0” or a value close thereto. In particular, the CoFeNi-based alloy thin film formed by electrolytic plating reported by Osaka et al. Has a fine structure and can achieve both saturation magnetization of about 2T and soft magnetic properties of Hc <20e or less. It is considered a very preferred material. For example, T. Osaka et al., Nature 387, (1998), 796; Ohashi et al., IEEE Trans. Mag. 35, (1999), 2538; Ohashi et al., IEEE Trans. Mag. 34, (1998), 1462.
[0031]
In addition, FeTaC films and Co-based amorphous films are also candidate materials for the backing film. However, since these films are formed by a dry process such as sputtering, they may not belong to the scope of the present invention. The present invention is applicable only to an alloy capable of being formed by a wet process.
[0032]
The reason why the magnetic permeability of the soft magnetic layer is set to 1 T or more is to meet the limitation of the film thickness for the above-mentioned reason. When a material having Bs of less than 1T is used, it is necessary to increase the film thickness in order to obtain the required performance as the soft magnetic underlayer. In general, when forming a thick metal layer regardless of a wet type or a dry type, grains in the metal layer structure grow as the film thickness increases. In magnetic recording, in order to improve the S / N ratio, it is extremely important to suppress the enlargement of the crystal grain boundaries of the recording layer and the soft magnetic underlayer serving as a magnetic path during recording and reproduction. In the wet process of the present invention, when the film thickness of the soft magnetic underlayer exceeds 1000 nm, grain growth remarkably proceeds. Further, since the particle size distribution of the microstructure in the soft magnetic film is also widened and the non-uniformity of the particle size is increased, the film thickness is set to 50 to 1000 nm.
[0033]
With respect to the coercive force (iHc), when the value exceeds 20 Oe, the magnetic flux generated from the head at the time of writing greatly impedes transmission through the soft magnetic layer, and as a result, the S / N ratio when the medium is used is reduced. It is known that it greatly decreases. In the present invention, based on such knowledge, the lower limit of the coercive force is specified to be 20 Oe or less as a requirement for defining the soft magnetic underlayer.
[0034]
When forming a soft magnetic film by electroplating on a Si single crystal substrate, in order to form a strong chemical bond, the metal ions in the plating solution are formed from the surface of the single crystal Si substrate when forming the metal base film. It is necessary to send and receive electrons directly. In the case of performing electroplating film formation, it is preferable to use a material having N polarity, which is doped with impurities and contains a hyperelectron pair inside, rather than an intrinsic semiconductor Si single crystal. When a soft magnetic film is formed by electroless plating, the Si substrate may be an N-type, a P-type, or a non-doped intrinsic single crystal.
[0035]
Noise generated from a magnetic film in a perpendicular recording medium is roughly classified into medium noise derived from a recording magnetic film and spike noise derived from a soft magnetic backing film.The latter spike noise derived from a soft magnetic backing film is present in a soft magnetic backing layer. As described above, it has recently been considered that the magnetic head picks up a magnetic field leaking from the domain wall.
[0036]
In order to reduce the spike noise, it is effective to eliminate domain walls in the soft magnetic underlayer. Several proposals have been made to achieve this. For example, it has been proposed to pin the magnetic moment of the backing film by exchange coupling below the backing film by a dry process. When a ferromagnetic hard film or an antiferromagnetic film is inserted as the pinning layer, the soft magnetic backing film is effectively loosely pinned by the exchange magnetic field from the lower film, and it is said that the domain wall is significantly reduced and effective. I have. However, a ferromagnetic hard film serving as a pinning layer is a source of a magnetic flux to the soft magnetic backing film and lowers the magnetic permeability, so an antiferromagnetic film is more preferable. It is also said that forming the soft magnetic backing film into a layered structure of a soft magnetic layer and a non-magnetic layer is effective for suppressing domain walls.
[0037]
Although these techniques have been confirmed to be effective, they have been considered because it is difficult to suppress domain walls with the soft magnetic backing film itself. The difficulty is that the film configuration becomes complicated, and the production is not always easy when considering mass productivity.
[0038]
Therefore, in the present invention, it has been devised that the domain wall is reduced by the soft magnetic backing film itself. The soft magnetic backing film is formed by a wet method (typically, a plating method). In general, it is a well-known fact that when a soft magnetic material is heat-treated and cooled in a magnetic field, or when a plating film is formed, induced anisotropy occurs in the direction in which the magnetic field is applied. In particular, the description given by Neel and Taniguchi for the induced anisotropy of the FeNi alloy (Permalloy) is famous as the mechanism of the directional regular array. Then, the present inventors formed a soft magnetic backing film by plating in a magnetic field and applied a magnetic field substantially in the radial direction or the circumferential direction of the substrate. It has been found that an in-plane anisotropic soft magnetic backing film can be formed.
[0039]
The induced anisotropy in the present invention means that the magnetic properties of the soft magnetic film have an angle-dependent magnetic anisotropy that varies depending on the measurement direction on the film surface.
The magnetic anisotropy is a state in which magnets forming the soft magnetic film are arranged in a specific direction, so that an easy magnetization direction and a difficult direction are generated.
The induced anisotropy in the present invention particularly refers to a state of magnetic anisotropy in which the difference in coercive force between the easy magnetization direction and the difficult direction is 30% or more when the coercive force is measured by a magnetization measuring device such as VSM. .
Further, regarding the ratio of the saturation magnetization (Ms) of the soft magnetic film to the residual magnetization (Mr), Mr / Ms, it means that the difference between the easy magnetization direction and the hard magnetization direction is 5% or more in the in-plane direction.
In the present invention, when the direction of the induced anisotropy is schematically represented by the direction of the easy magnetic domain, the direction of the magnetic anisotropy in the adjacent region is limited to the direction in which the direction is not perpendicular or reversed.
That is, the direction of the magnetic anisotropy, which is referred to as induced anisotropy in the present invention, is the arrangement in one direction shown in FIG. 4, the arrangement in the circumferential direction shown in FIG. 5, and the arrangement in the radial direction shown in FIG. Can be an array. On the other hand, the state shown in FIG. 7 does not correspond to the present invention even if the magnetic anisotropy has an angle.
[0040]
According to the present invention, a single layer of a soft magnetic backing film having in-plane induced anisotropy can be obtained, so that it is not necessary to use a multilayer structure inside the backing film or a pinning layer below the backing film.
[0041]
The magnetic field strength required for plating in a magnetic field is 10 G or more and 1000 G or less, and if it is less than the range, sufficient induced anisotropy cannot be obtained. Although good induction anisotropy can be obtained with the above range, the permanent magnet magnetic circuit for applying the magnetic field and the facilities of the electromagnet are undesirably large and expensive.
[0042]
The soft magnetic layer is formed, for example, by using 0.001 to 0.1 N of DMAB (dimethylamine borane), 0.002 to 0.2 N of nickel sulfate, 0.002 to 0.2 N of iron sulfate, and 0.01 to 0.1 N of iron sulfate. Using 1N cobalt sulfate or the like, saccharin or the like as a brightener, tartaric acid, citric acid, EDTA or the like as a chelating agent, and mercapol benzodiazothiazole or the like as a stress relieving agent as appropriate, adjusted to pH 6 to 13. Then, a film can be formed at a temperature of 55 to 75 ° C.
[0043]
The surface roughness of a soft magnetic film formed by a wet process on a Si single crystal substrate is ensured by polishing the backing film surface by polishing. Polishing can be performed by either mechanical polishing or CMP polishing. The CMP process is different from polishing using only a normal polishing slurry while performing chemical polishing using an acidic or alkaline polishing solution. Colloidal alumina or colloidal silica is used as the polishing medium. CMP polishing using a colloidal polishing medium is suitable as a polishing method for a perpendicular magnetic recording medium because the polishing rate is high and the surface roughness is significantly improved. This is because the colloidal polishing medium has a very small particle size of 10 to 100 nm and can realize excellent smoothness due to its nearly spherical shape. Furthermore, in CMP polishing, the surface is not simply mechanically scraped off, but is polished by a process that dissolves chemically. Therefore, even if a minute spherical polishing medium is used, it is industrially sufficient. Polishing speed can be secured.
[0044]
The type of polishing slurry and the pH value vary depending on the alloy composition of the material to be polished (the soft magnetic backing thin film in the present invention). For example, in the case of a CoFeNi film, the polishing slurry is desirably an alkali side having a pH of 10 or more, whereas in the case of a permalloy film, the pH value is preferably set to an acidic side from the viewpoint of a chemical etching action.
Polishing conditions are optimized so that each alloy composition film has good surface roughness. Parameters that affect polishing include the type and size of machine, polishing slurry (abrasive material, pH value, liquid temperature), buff, rotation speed, and the like, and need to be optimized in consideration of each.
[0045]
The present invention relates to a hard disk base film for high-density recording, and the smoothness after polishing is 0.1 nm or more and 5 nm or less, particularly preferably 0 to 5 nm, in average surface roughness Ra or square average roughness Rms. It is desirable to polish to a thickness of 0.1 to 0.5 nm. If the thickness is set to 0.1 nm or less, the multi-stage CMP and the condition range become too severe, which is not preferable. If the thickness is 5 nm or more, the surface roughness of the recording film placed on the backing film is adversely affected. The plane roughness (Ra) is the average of the absolute value deviation from the measurement average line to the measurement line, and the square average roughness (Rms) is the square root of the value obtained by averaging the square of the deviation from the measurement average line to the measurement line. It is. These can be measured by AFM.
[0046]
The substrate whose smoothness has been improved by the CMP polishing is cleaned by removing particles adhering to the surface by means such as brush cleaning.
[0047]
Although it is possible to use ordinary mechanical polishing or the like using an oxide slurry used in glass polishing, the polishing rate is low as described above or multi-stage polishing is required to obtain a good polished surface. Therefore, CMP is more desirable. By using an Si single crystal substrate of the present invention that guarantees smoothness of the backing film for CMP, alloy-based recording films or multilayer films of various compositions can be formed on the substrate to provide excellent perpendicular magnetic recording. It can be used as a medium.
[0048]
【Example】
Example 1
A (100) Si single crystal (P-doped N-type substrate) having a diameter of 65 mm, which has been subjected to coring, centering and lapping, from a 200 mm Si single crystal substrate manufactured by the CZ (Chocolarski) method, is a colloid having an average particle size of 95 nm. Both surfaces were polished with silica and smoothed to a surface average roughness (Rms) of 5 nm (measured by AFM (atomic force microscope)). This substrate was immersed and etched in an aqueous solution having a concentration of 2% by weight by mixing a saturated hydrogen peroxide solution with a 30% by weight aqueous ammonia solution at 80 ° C. to remove a thin surface oxide film on the substrate surface. This substrate was subjected to electroless plating in a plating solution at 80 ° C. adjusted to pH 8 by appropriately adding ammonium chloride to a 0.1N nickel sulfate aqueous solution and a small amount of aqueous ammonia, and the surface was coated with a Ni plating film to a thickness of 50 nm. Thereafter, a CoNiFe soft magnetic film having a thickness of about 1000 nm was formed as a soft magnetic layer. Plating is carried out in an ammonium chloride bath containing mainly Co, Ni and Fe at 80 ° C. and pH 9, using dimethylamine borane as a chelating agent and adding a gloss material and a saccharin or the like as a stress relaxing agent as appropriate. Was. During the formation of the Ni plating film and the soft magnetic Co2Ni14Fe plating film, the film was formed in a magnetic field having a magnetic field strength of 200 G. The magnetic field was generated by sandwiching a plating tank with a magnetic circuit in which NdFeB rare earth permanent magnets were opposed.
When the constituent elements were analyzed by the EPMA wavelength dispersion method after the film formation, the composition was approximately 60 mol% Co, 10 mol% Ni, and 30 mol% Fe. When the magnetic characteristics were measured with a VSM (sample vibrating magnetometer: vibrating sample magnetometer), it showed soft magnetism with a low coercive force of Bs: 1.9T, iHc: 20e.
The substrate with the soft magnetic film after the film formation was coated with a polishing pad of 700 mm in diameter using a polishing plate of 700 mm in diameter with a nonwoven fabric stretched while applying a pressure of 180 Gf / cm 2 with a polishing liquid containing colloidal silica having an average particle diameter of 80 nm at pH 11 and a liquid temperature of 30 ° C. Then, the soft magnetic film was polished for 400 minutes to a thickness of about 400 nm. When the surface after polishing was measured by AFM, Rms was 0.6 nm, and the surface was almost flattened over the front surface of the substrate. In addition, 20 different locations in the substrate were sampled by MFM, and the presence or absence of domain walls was checked, but was not found.
The surface of the substrate is coated with a 20 nm diamond-like carbon (DLC) protective film by magnetron sputtering in order to confirm the adhesion of the plating film, and then incorporated into a 2.5 inch hard disk unit MK-4313MAT of Toshiba Corporation. A durability test (head slap test) in which a shock of 750 G was applied by SM-105MP from AVEX in a state of being in close contact with each other was performed. After the test, the substrate surface was observed with a 30-fold optical microscope. As a result, collision traces were confirmed, but no peeling of the plated film was observed.
When the magnetic properties at each angle of the film surface were measured by VSM, it was confirmed that induced anisotropy having easy magnetic domains was provided in the direction parallel to the film surface as shown in FIG. The difference was 2 Oe in the direction of the easy magnetization domain and 4 Oe in the direction of the hard magnetization axis, and the difference was 100%.
[0049]
As a perpendicular recording medium substrate, a good soft magnetic film could be formed by a wet process, and good soft magnetic characteristics and flatness of the soft magnetic film could be realized. A substrate suitable for a perpendicular magnetic recording medium can be provided.
[0050]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, it is possible to easily form a thick soft magnetic backing film on a Si single crystal substrate, and to provide a good perpendicular magnetic recording Si single crystal substrate having a guaranteed surface roughness. Become.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a schematic film configuration of a perpendicular magnetic recording medium of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a schematic film configuration of a conventional horizontal magnetic recording medium.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a schematic film configuration of a conventional perpendicular magnetic recording medium.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a direction of magnetic anisotropy referred to as induced anisotropy.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the direction of magnetic anisotropy referred to as induced anisotropy.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the direction of magnetic anisotropy referred to as induced anisotropy.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the direction of magnetic anisotropy referred to as induced anisotropy.
[Explanation of symbols]
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 Si single crystal substrate 2 Underplating layer 3 Soft magnetic layer 101 Substrate 103 Underlayer 104 Recording layer 105 Soft magnetic layer

Claims (4)

直径65mm以下厚さが1mm以下であり、表面平均粗さ(Rms)が1nm以上1000nm以下のSi単結晶の基板と、該基板上に設けられ、NiとCuとAgとからなる一群から選ばれる一以上の金属を含み、厚さ1nm〜300nmの下地メッキ層と、該下地メッキ層上に設けられた厚さ50nm以上1000nm未満で保磁力20 Oe以下かつ飽和磁化1T以上のメッキ軟磁性層とを含み、該メッキ軟磁性層の表面平均粗さ(Rms)が0.1nm以上5nm以下である、面内に誘導異方性を有する垂直磁気記録ハードディスク用媒体基板。A substrate of Si single crystal having a diameter of 65 mm or less, a thickness of 1 mm or less, and a surface average roughness (Rms) of 1 nm or more and 1000 nm or less; and a member provided on the substrate and selected from a group consisting of Ni, Cu, and Ag. A base plating layer containing one or more metals and having a thickness of 1 nm to 300 nm; and a plating soft magnetic layer provided on the base plating layer having a thickness of 50 nm or more and less than 1000 nm and a coercive force of 20 ° Oe or less and a saturation magnetization of 1 T or more. And a media substrate for perpendicular magnetic recording hard disk having in-plane induced anisotropy, wherein the plated soft magnetic layer has a surface average roughness (Rms) of 0.1 nm or more and 5 nm or less. 直径65mm以下厚さが1mm以下であり、表面平均粗さ(Rms)が1nm以上1000nm以下のSi単結晶基板上に、NiとCuとAgとからなる一群から選ばれる一以上の金属を含む下地メッキを施す工程と、磁場強度10G以上1000G以下の磁場中で該下地メッキ層上に保磁力20 Oe以下かつ飽和磁化1T以上のメッキ軟磁性層を設ける工程と、該メッキ軟磁性層の表面平均粗さ(Rms)を0.1nm以上5nm以下に研磨する工程とを含む、面内に誘導異方性を有する垂直磁気記録ハードディスク用媒体基板の製造方法。An underlayer containing one or more metals selected from the group consisting of Ni, Cu and Ag on a Si single crystal substrate having a diameter of 65 mm or less, a thickness of 1 mm or less, and a surface average roughness (Rms) of 1 nm or more and 1000 nm or less. A step of plating, a step of providing a plated soft magnetic layer having a coercive force of 20 ° Oe or less and a saturation magnetization of 1 T or more on the underlying plated layer in a magnetic field having a magnetic field strength of 10 G or more and 1000 G or less, and a surface average of the plated soft magnetic layer. Polishing the roughness (Rms) to 0.1 nm or more and 5 nm or less, the method for manufacturing a medium substrate for a perpendicular magnetic recording hard disk having in-plane induced anisotropy. 上記下地メッキを施す前の上記Si単結晶基板が、Si単結晶の鏡面研磨工程と、アンモニアと過酸化水素の混合水溶液を用いるメッキ前処理工程によって得られる請求項2に記載の垂直磁気記録ハードディスク用媒体基板の製造方法。3. The perpendicular magnetic recording hard disk according to claim 2, wherein the Si single crystal substrate before the underplating is obtained by a mirror polishing process of a Si single crystal and a pre-plating process using a mixed aqueous solution of ammonia and hydrogen peroxide. Of manufacturing a medium substrate for use. 上記メッキ軟磁性層を設ける工程が、無電解メッキ法を用いる請求項2又は請求項3に記載の垂直磁気記録用ハードディスク用媒体基板の製造方法。4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the step of providing the plated soft magnetic layer uses an electroless plating method.
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