[go: up one dir, main page]

JP2004027260A - Rolling element and method of manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Rolling element and method of manufacturing the same Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP2004027260A
JP2004027260A JP2002182518A JP2002182518A JP2004027260A JP 2004027260 A JP2004027260 A JP 2004027260A JP 2002182518 A JP2002182518 A JP 2002182518A JP 2002182518 A JP2002182518 A JP 2002182518A JP 2004027260 A JP2004027260 A JP 2004027260A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
rolling element
less
rolling
steel
quenching
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
JP2002182518A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Tsutomu Oki
大木 力
Kikuo Maeda
前田 喜久男
Toshimitsu Kimura
木村 利光
Toshiya Kinami
木南 俊哉
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NTN Corp
Daido Steel Co Ltd
Original Assignee
NTN Corp
Daido Steel Co Ltd
NTN Toyo Bearing Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NTN Corp, Daido Steel Co Ltd, NTN Toyo Bearing Co Ltd filed Critical NTN Corp
Priority to JP2002182518A priority Critical patent/JP2004027260A/en
Publication of JP2004027260A publication Critical patent/JP2004027260A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Landscapes

  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

【課題】転動寿命疲労など転がり要素として備えるべき特性を大きく劣化させることなく、かつ製造能率を低下させず、硬化処理に伴なう変形を抑制することができる、転がり要素およびその製造方法を提供する。
【解決手段】鋼材から構成される転がり要素であって、鋼材が、質量%で、C:0.1〜0.8%、Si:0.4〜1.5%、Mn:0.3〜1.8%、Cr:0.5〜2.0%、Mo:0〜0.35%、Al:0.050%以下、Ti:0.003%以下、O:0.0050%以下、N:0.015%以下であり、かつ下記の式(1)〜(4)を満たす。H < 240 ・・(1)、H = 142 + 122C(%) − 8.8Si(%) + 14.5Mn(%) − 25Cr(%) + 113Mo(%)・・(2)、1.8 < K < 4.5 ・・(3)、K=0.5Si(%) + Mn(%) + Cr(%) + 2Mo(%) ・・(4)
【選択図】    図4
A rolling element and a method of manufacturing the same, which can suppress deformation accompanying a hardening treatment without significantly deteriorating characteristics to be provided as a rolling element such as rolling life fatigue and without reducing production efficiency. provide.
Kind Code: A1 A rolling element composed of a steel material, wherein the steel material is, by mass%, C: 0.1 to 0.8%, Si: 0.4 to 1.5%, Mn: 0.3 to 1.8%, Cr: 0.5 to 2.0%, Mo: 0 to 0.35%, Al: 0.050% or less, Ti: 0.003% or less, O: 0.0050% or less, N : 0.015% or less and satisfies the following expressions (1) to (4). H <240 ... (1), H = 142 + 122C (%)-8.8Si (%) + 14.5Mn (%)-25Cr (%) + 113Mo (%) ... (2), 1.8 <K <4.5 (3), K = 0.5Si (%) + Mn (%) + Cr (%) + 2Mo (%) (4)
[Selection diagram] Fig. 4

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、あらゆる転がり要素、すなわち転がり軸受の部品に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
転がり軸受に用いられる転がり要素、すなわち転がり軸受の部品において、応力を受ける軌道輪の軌道面や転動体の転動面は、その機能上、所定の硬化層を有する必要がある。この硬化層を得るため、部品には何らかの熱処理工程、たとえば、油焼入れ、高周波焼入れ、レーザ焼入れ工程等において、鋼をマルテンサイトまたはベイナイトに変態させて硬化させる。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、この場合、熱処理工程中の冷却の不均一さの原因となって、部品には熱処理変形が発生する。このため、その変形を矯正するか除去するための後工程が必要となってくる。転がり軸受部品の熱処理変形量を軽減するための公知技術には、以下のようなものがあり、いずれも焼入れ過程中または焼入れ後に型拘束して変形を抑える工程を要するものである。
【0004】
(1)軸受レース等の環状部品をオーステナイト化後、マルテンサイト変態前の過冷オーステナイトの状態において、所定の型に挿入し、マルテンサイト変態させる(特開昭56−23228号公報、特開平8−225851号公報)。
【0005】
(2)焼入れ後に部品を型に装入し、誘導加熱し保持することにより焼戻しを行ないながら、変形を矯正する(特開平8−210360号公報)。
【0006】
しかし、(1)焼入れ時に部品を型に装入してマルテンサイト変態させる技術や、(2)焼入れ後に型拘束を行ないながら焼戻しを行ない変形を矯正する技術は、その製造方法に汎用性が乏しく、かつ、生産効率が低い。
【0007】
本発明は、転動寿命疲労など転がり要素として備えるべき特性を大きく劣化させることなく、かつ製造能率を低下させず、硬化処理に伴なう変形を抑制することができる、転がり要素およびその製造方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の転がり要素は、鋼材から構成される転がり要素であって、鋼材が、質量%で、C:0.1〜0.8%、Si:0.4〜1.5%、Mn:0.3〜1.8%、Cr:0.5〜2.0%、Mo:0〜0.35%、Al:0.050%以下、Ti:0.003%以下、O:0.0050%以下、N:0.015%以下であり、かつ下記の式を満たし、残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなる鋼である。
H < 240   ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・(1)
H = 142 + 122C(%) − 8.8Si(%) + 14.5Mn(%) − 25Cr(%) + 113Mo(%)・・・(2)
1.8 < K < 4.5   ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・(3)
K=0.5Si(%) + Mn(%) + Cr(%) + 2Mo(%) ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・(4)
上記の鋼材を用いることにより、オーステナイト化後、大気放冷を施して焼入れ硬化することができる。大気放冷では部品の表面と内部との温度差が、水焼入れや油焼入れより非常に小さい。このため、焼入れ冷却(放冷)中の冷却むらが極端に小さくなり、熱処理変形も少なく、かつ、比較的安価な軸受部品の製造が可能となる。
【0009】
上記鋼に対し、焼入れ後の表面炭素濃度を質量%で0.6%以上にすれば、転がり要素として必要な表層、たとえば表面からの深さが50μmの位置で、硬度HV650以上を有し、かつ、転動寿命に優れた転がり要素の製造が可能となる。表層部の硬度を確保するために、浸炭処理および浸炭窒化処理のいずれかを施し、オーステナイト化温度から放冷して硬化させてもよい。浸炭処理または浸炭窒化処理により、鋼材の表層部において硬度HV650以上を確実に確保することができる。また、大気放冷にて焼入れ硬化を行なうので、熱処理工程設備の簡素化が可能となり、油焼入れ時の廃油を生じないなど環境面でも現状より改善される。
【0010】
次に鋼材の成分の限定理由について説明する。
C:0.1〜0.8%
Cは、鋼の強度と靭性とを確保するために必要であり、0.1%未満では転がり要素として必要な強度や硬度を確保することができない。一方、0.8%を超えると強度は確保できるが靭性が劣化し、また、熱処理変形量も増える。このため、0.1〜0.8%の範囲とする。強度、靭性、および熱処理変形をより望ましい範囲にするためには、0.2〜0.7%の範囲にするのがよい。
【0011】
Si:0.4〜1.5%
Siは、焼戻しする場合の焼戻し軟化抵抗を高め、また、強度の確保に有効であるので、0.4%以上含むこととする。一方、1.5%を超えると非常に脆くなる。このため、0.4〜1.5%の範囲とする。強度と靭性との均衡をとる上で、0.5〜1.3%の範囲とすることが望ましい。
【0012】
Mn:0.3〜1.8%
Mnは、放冷により硬化させる上で、最重要の元素である。0.3%以上含まれないと放冷で硬化させることはできない。また、所定の範囲内であれば、靭性も向上させる。一方、1.8%を超えると、部品に加工する前の材料の硬さを高め、著しく加工性を劣化させるので、1.8%以下とする。硬化と靭性とのバランスをとる上で、0.8〜1.6%の範囲とすることが望ましい。
【0013】
Cr:0.5〜2.0%
CrもMnほどではないが、大気放冷により硬化させるのに重要な元素である。0.5%以上含むことにより、放冷により硬化させることができる。しかし、2.0%を超えると靭性の劣化が生じるので、0.5〜2.0%の範囲とする。強度と靭性とを両立させる上でより望ましくは、0.6〜1.5%の範囲とする。
【0014】
Mo:0〜0.35%
Moは、Mnよりも硬化に有効であるが、高価である。このため、含有率ゼロでもよい。しかし、含有させることにより飛躍的に放冷により硬化させることができ、かつ靭性も向上させることができる。
【0015】
Al:0.050%以下
0.050%を超えると浸炭窒化中に大型窒化物を生じたり、溶解、凝固時に粗大なアルミナなどの非金属介在物を生じ、転動疲労寿命を劣化させる。このため、0.050%以下とする。
【0016】
Ti:0.003%以下
Tiは0.003%を超えると、粗大な非金属介在物を生じ、転動疲労寿命を劣化させる。このため、0.003%以下にしなければならない。
【0017】
酸素(O):0.0050%以下
酸素(O)は、0.0050%を超えると、粗大な酸化物系の非金属介在物を生じ、転動疲労寿命を著しく低下する。このため、0.0050%以下にしなければならない。より望ましくは0.0015%以下とする。
【0018】
N:0.015%以下
Nは、0.015%を超えて含まれると、Al、Si、Mnなどと窒化物を形成し、窒化物の量が多い場合または窒化物が大型な場合、転動疲労寿命を劣化させる。
【0019】
H < 240   ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・(1)
H = 142 + 122C(%) − 8.8Si(%) + 14.5Mn(%) − 25Cr(%) + 113Mo(%)・・(2)
上記のHが240以上になると、機械加工性が劣化する。このため、Hは240未満とする。
【0020】
1.8 < K < 4.5   ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・(3)
K=0.5Si(%) + Mn(%) + Cr(%) + 2Mo(%) ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・(4)
上記のKは、放冷によって硬化させる場合の硬化能を示す指標である。Kが1.8以下では焼入性が不足して、空気焼入れによって硬化しない。一方、4.5以上では、部品の熱処理ひずみが大きくなり、空気焼入れによるひずみ低減効果を十分得ることができなくなる。このため、Kは1.8を超え、4.5未満の範囲とする。
【0021】
【実施例】
次に実施例について説明する。図1は、本発明の実施例が対象とする転がり要素が転がり軸受を示す概略断面図である。図1において、この転がり軸受10は、外輪1と、内輪2と、転動体3とを主に有している。転動体3は、外輪1と内輪2との間に配置された保持器により転動可能に支持されている。本実施例における転がり要素は、転がり軸受の外輪、内輪および転動体の少なくとも1つの軸受部品に該当する。
【0022】
上記に説明した転がり要素に用いられる鋼材を用いて、大気放冷にて硬化させた転がり要素の特性を調査するため、以下の試験を行った。(a1)外径60mm×内径50mm×厚さ15mmのリング状試験片による焼入れ性評価試験、(a2)外径85mm×内径60mm×厚さ1mmのリング状試験片による熱処理変形量評価試験、および(a3)針状ころ軸受による転動寿命試験を行なった。なお、比較例としては、JIS高炭素クロム軸受鋼2種、JISクロムモリブデン鋼SCM415を選択した。上記試験に用いた本発明例および比較例の試験サンプルを表1に示す。
【0023】
【表1】

Figure 2004027260
【0024】
(a1) 焼入れ性能評価試験
表1に示した本発明例および比較例の鋼を用いて作製した外径60mm×内径50mm×厚さ15mmのリング状試験片旋削品を用いた。浸炭鋼については浸炭後大気放冷、ずぶ焼入れ鋼についてはオーステナイト化後大気放冷にて焼入れ硬化させ、その後180℃×2hの焼戻しを行なった。試験片幅中央部の測定位置(図2(a))における焼入れ後硬度の実測値を図2(b)に示す。なお、ここでの浸炭条件は、950℃×320min(浸炭工程)→920℃×128min(拡散工程)である。カーボンポテンシャル(CP)値は1.1とした。
【0025】
本発明例1、2(浸炭鋼)では表面より0.7mm深さ程度までHV650程度に焼入れ硬化されている。さらに、本発明例3、4(ずぶ焼入れ鋼)では大気放冷にて内部まで均一に焼入れ硬化されていることがわかる。比較例11、12では、大気放冷では全く硬化されず、焼鈍後の組織に類似していた。
【0026】
(a2) 熱処理変形量試験
表1に示した本発明例および比較例の鋼種を用いた作製した外径85mm×内径60mm×厚さ1mmのリング状試験片旋削品を用いた。本発明例1、2については浸炭後大気放冷、本発明例3、4についてはオーステナイト化後大気放冷した。比較例11については浸炭後衝風焼入れ、比較例12についてはオーステナイト化後衝風焼入れにて硬化させ、熱処理変形量を計測した。比較例は、大気放冷では焼入れ硬化されないため、強制空冷である衝風焼入れを施した。なお、ここでの浸炭条件は、870℃×30min(浸炭工程)であり、カーボンポテンシャル値は1.1であった。
【0027】
図3に示した試験片中央部の平面度を熱処理変形量として定義し、大気放冷にて焼入れした本発明例および比較例の熱処理変形量の測定結果を図4に示す。比較例の熱処理変形量は、ばらつき、変形量ともに大きく、最大で200μm以上変形するものがあった。これに対して、本発明例1〜4での最大値は67μmであり、平均で3分の1以下に軽減されていた。
【0028】
(a3) 転動疲労試験
上記(a2)の熱処理変形量試験で用いた外径85mm×内径60mm×厚み1mmのリング状試験片に180℃×2hの焼戻しを施し、転動疲労寿命を調査した。ここでは、転動体には外径3mm×長さ7.8mmの針状ころを用い、低い油圧パラメータΛ、すなわち厳しい潤滑条件で、かつ相対滑りの大きい条件で試験した。転動寿命試験機の概略図を図5に示し、主な試験条件を表2に示す。
【0029】
【表2】
Figure 2004027260
【0030】
さらに、寿命に及ぼす不純物の影響を調査するため、転動寿命試験は表1に示した試験サンプルに加え、表3に示す本発明例2および3に対して不純物(アルミニウムおよび酸素)量を減少させた本発明例2B、3Bについての試験も行なった。
【0031】
【表3】
Figure 2004027260
【0032】
比較例11(JIS−SUJ2)の転動疲労寿命を1としたときの各試験片の寿命比を図6に示した。比較例11、12の寿命に大きな差はないが、L10寿命で実施例1、2、4は約2.8〜3.2倍、実施例3は約4倍の長寿命を示している。また、不純物量を減少させた本発明例2B、3Bは、比較例はもとより、合金元素が同じ本発明例2、3よりさらに長寿命である。
【0033】
以上の結果により、大気放冷にて焼入れ硬化される鋼を転がり要素に適用することにより、冷却の不均一さを大幅に低減して熱処理変形量の少ない機械部品を製造することができる。これにより、後工程が簡略化でき、比較的安価な機械部品の製造が可能となる。また、大気放冷で焼入れ硬化するための化学成分は、転動寿命を向上させる成分と一致するので、この転がり要素を軸受に用いた場合には転動疲労寿命にも優れたものにすることができる。
【0034】
上記において、本発明の実施例について説明を行なったが、上記に開示された本発明の実施例は、あくまで例示であって、本発明の範囲はこれら発明の実施の形態に限定されない。本発明の範囲は、特許請求の範囲の記載によって示され、さらに特許請求の範囲の記載と均等の意味および範囲内でのすべての変更を含むものである。
【0035】
【発明の効果】
本発明の転がり要素およびその製造方法を用いることにより、転動疲労寿命などの特性を劣化させることなく、生産能率を維持しながら熱処理変形の小さい転がり要素を得ることが可能になる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施例の転がり要素が用いられる転がり軸受を示す図である。
【図2】実施例の転がり要素試験片における硬度分布を示す図であり、(a)は硬度測定位置を示し、(b)は実測値を示す図である。
【図3】熱処理変形量測定用試験片を示す図である。
【図4】熱処理変形量測定結果を示す図である。
【図5】転動疲労試験機を示す図である。
【図6】転動疲労寿命比を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
1 外輪、2 内輪、3 転動体、10 転がり軸受。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to any rolling element, that is to say a component of a rolling bearing.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a rolling element used in a rolling bearing, that is, in a rolling bearing component, a raceway surface of a raceway ring or a rolling surface of a rolling element that receives stress needs to have a predetermined hardened layer in terms of its function. In order to obtain this hardened layer, the parts are transformed into martensite or bainite and hardened in some heat treatment process, such as oil quenching, induction quenching, laser quenching and the like.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in this case, the components undergo heat treatment deformation due to uneven cooling during the heat treatment process. Therefore, a post-process for correcting or removing the deformation is required. Known techniques for reducing the amount of heat treatment deformation of a rolling bearing component include the following, all of which require a step of restraining the deformation during or after quenching by restraining the mold.
[0004]
(1) After an annular part such as a bearing race is austenitized, in a supercooled austenite state before martensitic transformation, it is inserted into a predetermined mold and transformed into martensite (JP-A-56-23228, JP-A-Hei-8-58). -225851).
[0005]
(2) After the quenching, the parts are charged into a mold, induction-heated and held, thereby performing tempering while correcting deformation (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H8-210360).
[0006]
However, the technique of (1) charging a part into a mold at the time of quenching to transform into martensite, and (2) the technique of correcting the deformation by performing tempering while constraining the mold after quenching has poor versatility in the manufacturing method. And production efficiency is low.
[0007]
The present invention provides a rolling element and a method of manufacturing the rolling element, which can suppress deformation accompanying hardening treatment without significantly deteriorating characteristics to be provided as a rolling element such as rolling life fatigue, and without reducing production efficiency. The purpose is to provide.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The rolling element of the present invention is a rolling element composed of a steel material, wherein the steel material is represented by mass%, C: 0.1 to 0.8%, Si: 0.4 to 1.5%, Mn: 0. 0.3 to 1.8%, Cr: 0.5 to 2.0%, Mo: 0 to 0.35%, Al: 0.050% or less, Ti: 0.003% or less, O: 0.0050% Hereinafter, N is 0.015% or less and satisfies the following formula, with the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities.
H <240 ... (1)
H = 142 + 122C (%)-8.8Si (%) + 14.5Mn (%)-25Cr (%) + 113Mo (%) (2)
1.8 <K <4.5 (3)
K = 0.5Si (%) + Mn (%) + Cr (%) + 2Mo (%) (4)
By using the above steel material, after austenitization, it can be quenched and hardened by cooling to the atmosphere. In air cooling, the temperature difference between the surface and the inside of the component is much smaller than in water quenching or oil quenching. For this reason, the unevenness in cooling during quenching cooling (cooling) becomes extremely small, the deformation due to heat treatment is small, and relatively inexpensive bearing parts can be manufactured.
[0009]
When the surface carbon concentration after quenching is set to 0.6% or more by mass% with respect to the above steel, the surface layer required as a rolling element, for example, at a position 50 μm deep from the surface, has a hardness of HV650 or more, In addition, it is possible to manufacture a rolling element having an excellent rolling life. In order to secure the hardness of the surface layer portion, one of carburizing treatment and carbonitriding treatment may be performed, and the steel may be cured by being cooled from an austenitizing temperature. By the carburizing treatment or the carbonitriding treatment, it is possible to reliably secure the hardness HV650 or more in the surface layer portion of the steel material. In addition, since quenching and hardening are performed by cooling to the atmosphere, the equipment for the heat treatment process can be simplified, and the environment is improved as compared with the current situation such that waste oil does not occur during oil quenching.
[0010]
Next, the reasons for limiting the components of the steel material will be described.
C: 0.1-0.8%
C is necessary for ensuring the strength and toughness of the steel, and if it is less than 0.1%, the strength and hardness required as rolling elements cannot be secured. On the other hand, if it exceeds 0.8%, the strength can be secured, but the toughness is deteriorated, and the heat treatment deformation increases. For this reason, the range is 0.1 to 0.8%. In order to make the strength, toughness, and heat treatment deformation more preferable ranges, it is preferable to set the range of 0.2 to 0.7%.
[0011]
Si: 0.4 to 1.5%
Si is included in an amount of 0.4% or more because Si enhances the tempering softening resistance when tempering and is effective in ensuring strength. On the other hand, if it exceeds 1.5%, it becomes very brittle. For this reason, it is set in the range of 0.4 to 1.5%. In order to balance strength and toughness, it is desirable to set the range of 0.5 to 1.3%.
[0012]
Mn: 0.3-1.8%
Mn is the most important element in curing by cooling. Unless it is contained in an amount of 0.3% or more, it cannot be cured by cooling. Moreover, if it is within a predetermined range, the toughness is also improved. On the other hand, if it exceeds 1.8%, the hardness of the material before processing into parts is increased, and the workability is significantly deteriorated. In order to achieve a balance between hardening and toughness, it is desirable to set the range of 0.8 to 1.6%.
[0013]
Cr: 0.5 to 2.0%
Cr is not an element as much as Mn, but is an important element for hardening by cooling to the atmosphere. By containing 0.5% or more, it can be cured by cooling. However, if it exceeds 2.0%, the toughness deteriorates, so the content is set in the range of 0.5 to 2.0%. In order to achieve both strength and toughness, it is more desirably in the range of 0.6 to 1.5%.
[0014]
Mo: 0 to 0.35%
Mo is more effective for curing than Mn, but is more expensive. Therefore, the content rate may be zero. However, by containing it, it is possible to drastically cure by cooling and toughness can be improved.
[0015]
Al: 0.050% or less If 0.050% or more, large nitrides are formed during carbonitriding, or non-metallic inclusions such as coarse alumina are formed during melting and solidification, and the rolling fatigue life is deteriorated. Therefore, the content is set to 0.050% or less.
[0016]
Ti: 0.003% or less When Ti exceeds 0.003%, coarse nonmetallic inclusions are generated, and the rolling fatigue life is deteriorated. For this reason, it must be 0.003% or less.
[0017]
Oxygen (O): 0.0050% or less When oxygen (O) exceeds 0.0050%, coarse oxide-based nonmetallic inclusions are generated, and the rolling fatigue life is significantly reduced. For this reason, it must be 0.0050% or less. More preferably, it is set to 0.0015% or less.
[0018]
N: 0.015% or less When N is contained in excess of 0.015%, a nitride is formed with Al, Si, Mn, etc., and when the amount of nitride is large or the nitride is large, Deteriorate dynamic fatigue life.
[0019]
H <240 (1)
H = 142 + 122C (%)-8.8Si (%) + 14.5Mn (%)-25Cr (%) + 113Mo (%) (2)
When the above H is 240 or more, the machinability deteriorates. Therefore, H is set to less than 240.
[0020]
1.8 <K <4.5 (3)
K = 0.5Si (%) + Mn (%) + Cr (%) + 2Mo (%) (4)
The above K is an index indicating the curing ability when cured by cooling. When K is 1.8 or less, the hardenability is insufficient and the hardening by air quenching does not occur. On the other hand, if it is 4.5 or more, the heat treatment strain of the component becomes large, and it becomes impossible to sufficiently obtain the strain reduction effect by air quenching. For this reason, K is set to a range of more than 1.8 and less than 4.5.
[0021]
【Example】
Next, examples will be described. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a rolling bearing in which a rolling element according to an embodiment of the present invention is used. In FIG. 1, the rolling bearing 10 mainly has an outer ring 1, an inner ring 2, and a rolling element 3. The rolling element 3 is rotatably supported by a retainer disposed between the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2. The rolling element in the present embodiment corresponds to at least one bearing component of the outer ring, the inner ring, and the rolling element of the rolling bearing.
[0022]
The following tests were performed to investigate the characteristics of the rolling element that was hardened by cooling in air using the steel material used for the above-described rolling element. (A1) Hardenability evaluation test with a ring-shaped test piece having an outer diameter of 60 mm x inner diameter of 50 mm x thickness of 15 mm, (a2) Heat treatment deformation evaluation test with a ring-shaped test piece of outer diameter of 85 mm x inner diameter of 60 mm x thickness of 1 mm, and (A3) A rolling life test was performed using a needle roller bearing. As comparative examples, two types of JIS high carbon chromium bearing steel and JIS chromium molybdenum steel SCM415 were selected. Table 1 shows test samples of the present invention examples and comparative examples used in the above test.
[0023]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004027260
[0024]
(A1) Quenching performance evaluation test A ring-shaped test piece having an outer diameter of 60 mm x an inner diameter of 50 mm x a thickness of 15 mm produced using the steels of the present invention and the comparative examples shown in Table 1 was used. Carburized steel was allowed to cool by air after carburization, and hardened steel was quenched and hardened by air cooling after austenitizing, and then tempered at 180 ° C. for 2 hours. FIG. 2B shows actual measured values of hardness after quenching at the measurement position (FIG. 2A) at the center of the test piece width. Here, the carburizing condition is 950 ° C. × 320 min (carburizing step) → 920 ° C. × 128 min (diffusion step). The carbon potential (CP) value was 1.1.
[0025]
In Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention (carburized steel), quenching and hardening were performed to about HV650 to a depth of about 0.7 mm from the surface. Further, it can be seen that in Examples 3 and 4 of the present invention (suzu hardened steel), the inside was uniformly quenched and hardened by air cooling. In Comparative Examples 11 and 12, the composition was not cured at all when left to cool in the air, and was similar to the structure after annealing.
[0026]
(A2) Heat treatment deformation amount test A ring-shaped test piece having a diameter of 85 mm x an inner diameter of 60 mm x a thickness of 1 mm produced using the steel types of the present invention and the comparative examples shown in Table 1 was used. Inventive Examples 1 and 2 were air-cooled after carburizing, and Inventive Examples 3 and 4 were air-cooled after austenitization. Comparative Example 11 was hardened by impingement quenching after carburizing, and Comparative Example 12 was hardened by austenitic blast quenching after austenitization, and the heat treatment deformation was measured. In the comparative example, quenching was performed by forced air cooling since quenching and hardening were not performed by air cooling. Here, the carburizing conditions were 870 ° C. × 30 min (carburizing step), and the carbon potential value was 1.1.
[0027]
The flatness of the central part of the test piece shown in FIG. 3 is defined as the heat treatment deformation amount, and FIG. 4 shows the measurement results of the heat treatment deformation amounts of the inventive examples and the comparative examples quenched by cooling in the air. The heat treatment deformation amount of the comparative example was large in both variation and deformation amount, and was deformed by 200 μm or more at the maximum. On the other hand, the maximum value in Examples 1 to 4 of the present invention was 67 μm, which was reduced to 1/3 or less on average.
[0028]
(A3) Rolling fatigue test The ring-shaped test piece having an outer diameter of 85 mm x an inner diameter of 60 mm x a thickness of 1 mm used in the heat treatment deformation amount test of the above (a2) was tempered at 180 ° C for 2 hours, and the rolling fatigue life was investigated. . Here, a needle roller having an outer diameter of 3 mm and a length of 7.8 mm was used as a rolling element, and the test was performed under a low hydraulic parameter Λ, that is, under severe lubrication conditions and a large relative slip condition. FIG. 5 shows a schematic view of the rolling life tester, and Table 2 shows main test conditions.
[0029]
[Table 2]
Figure 2004027260
[0030]
Furthermore, in order to investigate the influence of impurities on the life, the rolling life test was conducted to reduce the amount of impurities (aluminum and oxygen) with respect to the inventive samples 2 and 3 shown in Table 3 in addition to the test samples shown in Table 1. A test was also performed on the invention samples 2B and 3B thus obtained.
[0031]
[Table 3]
Figure 2004027260
[0032]
FIG. 6 shows the life ratio of each test piece when the rolling fatigue life of Comparative Example 11 (JIS-SUJ2) was set to 1. A large difference is not in the service life of Comparative Examples 11 and 12, Example in L 10 life 1,2,4 is about 2.8 to 3.2 times, Example 3 shows the approximately four times longer life . In addition, Examples 2B and 3B of the present invention in which the amount of impurities is reduced have a longer life than Comparative Examples and Examples 2 and 3 of the present invention having the same alloying element.
[0033]
According to the above results, by applying the steel that is quenched and hardened by cooling in air to the rolling element, it is possible to significantly reduce the non-uniformity of cooling and produce a mechanical part with a small heat treatment deformation amount. As a result, the post-process can be simplified, and relatively inexpensive mechanical parts can be manufactured. In addition, the chemical components required for quenching and hardening by cooling in air are the same as the components that improve the rolling life, so if these rolling elements are used in bearings, they must also have excellent rolling fatigue life. Can be.
[0034]
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely examples, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. The scope of the present invention is shown by the description of the claims, and further includes all modifications within the meaning and scope equivalent to the description of the claims.
[0035]
【The invention's effect】
By using the rolling element and the method of manufacturing the same according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a rolling element with small heat treatment deformation while maintaining production efficiency without deteriorating characteristics such as rolling fatigue life.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a view showing a rolling bearing in which a rolling element according to an embodiment of the present invention is used.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a hardness distribution in a rolling element test piece of an example, in which (a) shows a hardness measurement position and (b) shows an actually measured value.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a test piece for measuring a heat treatment deformation amount.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a measurement result of a heat treatment deformation amount.
FIG. 5 is a view showing a rolling fatigue tester.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a rolling fatigue life ratio.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 outer ring, 2 inner ring, 3 rolling elements, 10 rolling bearings.

Claims (6)

鋼材から構成される転がり要素であって、
前記鋼材が、質量%で、C:0.1〜0.8%、Si:0.4〜1.5%、Mn:0.3〜1.8%、Cr:0.5〜2.0%、Mo:0〜0.35%、Al:0.050%以下、Ti:0.003%以下、酸素(O):0.0050%以下、N:0.015%以下であり、かつ下記の式を満たし、残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなる鋼である、転がり要素。
H < 240   ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・(1)
H = 142 + 122C(%) − 8.8Si(%) + 14.5Mn(%) − 25Cr(%) + 113Mo(%)・・・(2)
1.8 < K < 4.5   ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・(3)
K=0.5Si(%) + Mn(%) + Cr(%) + 2Mo(%) ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・(4)
A rolling element made of steel,
The steel material is, by mass%, C: 0.1 to 0.8%, Si: 0.4 to 1.5%, Mn: 0.3 to 1.8%, Cr: 0.5 to 2.0. %, Mo: 0 to 0.35%, Al: 0.050% or less, Ti: 0.003% or less, oxygen (O): 0.0050% or less, N: 0.015% or less, and the following: The rolling element is a steel that satisfies the formula: and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
H <240 ... (1)
H = 142 + 122C (%)-8.8Si (%) + 14.5Mn (%)-25Cr (%) + 113Mo (%) (2)
1.8 <K <4.5 (3)
K = 0.5Si (%) + Mn (%) + Cr (%) + 2Mo (%) (4)
前記転がり要素の表層部のC濃度が、質量%で0.6%以上ある、請求項1に記載の転がり要素。2. The rolling element according to claim 1, wherein the C concentration of the surface layer of the rolling element is 0.6% or more by mass%. 3. 前記転がり要素の表層部の硬度がHV650以上である、請求項1または2に記載の転がり要素。The rolling element according to claim 1, wherein a hardness of a surface portion of the rolling element is HV650 or more. 前記転がり要素中の酸素(O)濃度が0.0015%以下である、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の転がり要素。The rolling element according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the oxygen (O) concentration in the rolling element is 0.0015% or less. 鋼材から構成される転がり要素の製造方法であって、
質量%で、C:0.1〜0.8%、Si:0.4〜1.5%、Mn:0.3〜1.8%、Cr:0.5〜2.0%、Mo:0〜0.35%、Al:0.050%以下、Ti:0.003%以下、酸素(O):0.0050%以下、N:0.015%以下であり、かつ下記の式(1)〜(4)を満たし、残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなる鋼材を焼入れ温度に加熱し、その後、放冷することにより硬化させる、転がり要素の製造方法。
H < 240   ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・(1)
H = 142 + 122C(%) − 8.8Si(%) + 14.5Mn(%) − 25Cr(%) + 113Mo(%)・・・(2)
1.8 < K < 4.5   ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・(3)
K=0.5Si(%) + Mn(%) + Cr(%) + 2Mo(%) ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・(4)
A method for producing a rolling element made of steel,
In mass%, C: 0.1-0.8%, Si: 0.4-1.5%, Mn: 0.3-1.8%, Cr: 0.5-2.0%, Mo: 0 to 0.35%, Al: 0.050% or less, Ti: 0.003% or less, oxygen (O): 0.0050% or less, N: 0.015% or less, and the following formula (1) A method for manufacturing a rolling element, wherein a steel material satisfying the conditions (4) to (4) and the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities is heated to a quenching temperature and then hardened by being allowed to cool.
H <240 ... (1)
H = 142 + 122C (%)-8.8Si (%) + 14.5Mn (%)-25Cr (%) + 113Mo (%) (2)
1.8 <K <4.5 (3)
K = 0.5Si (%) + Mn (%) + Cr (%) + 2Mo (%) (4)
鋼材から構成される転がり要素の製造方法であって、
質量%で、C:0.1〜0.8%、Si:0.4〜1.5%、Mn:0.3〜1.8%、Cr:0.5〜2.0%、Mo:0〜0.35%、Al:0.050%以下、Ti:0.003%以下、酸素(O):0.0050%以下、N:0.015%以下であり、かつ下記の式(1)〜(4)を満たし、残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなる鋼材をAc1点を超える温度で浸炭処理および浸炭窒化処理のいずれか一方を行い、次いで放冷して硬化させる、転がり要素の製造方法。
H < 240   ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・(1)
H = 142 + 122C(%) − 8.8Si(%) + 14.5Mn(%) − 25Cr(%) + 113Mo(%)・・・(2)
1.8 < K < 4.5   ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・(3)
K=0.5Si(%) + Mn(%) + Cr(%) + 2Mo(%) ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・(4)
A method for producing a rolling element made of steel,
In mass%, C: 0.1-0.8%, Si: 0.4-1.5%, Mn: 0.3-1.8%, Cr: 0.5-2.0%, Mo: 0 to 0.35%, Al: 0.050% or less, Ti: 0.003% or less, oxygen (O): 0.0050% or less, N: 0.015% or less, and the following formula (1) ) To (4), the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities, the steel material is subjected to one of carburizing treatment and carbonitriding treatment at a temperature exceeding the Ac1 point, and then allowed to cool and harden, thereby producing a rolling element. Method.
H <240 ... (1)
H = 142 + 122C (%)-8.8Si (%) + 14.5Mn (%)-25Cr (%) + 113Mo (%) (2)
1.8 <K <4.5 (3)
K = 0.5Si (%) + Mn (%) + Cr (%) + 2Mo (%) (4)
JP2002182518A 2002-06-24 2002-06-24 Rolling element and method of manufacturing the same Withdrawn JP2004027260A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002182518A JP2004027260A (en) 2002-06-24 2002-06-24 Rolling element and method of manufacturing the same

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002182518A JP2004027260A (en) 2002-06-24 2002-06-24 Rolling element and method of manufacturing the same

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2004027260A true JP2004027260A (en) 2004-01-29

Family

ID=31178996

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2002182518A Withdrawn JP2004027260A (en) 2002-06-24 2002-06-24 Rolling element and method of manufacturing the same

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2004027260A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004169178A (en) * 2002-10-10 2004-06-17 Rexroth Star Gmbh Method for manufacturing member formed of hardened steel, in particular, member formed of rolling bearing steel
JP2022148544A (en) * 2021-03-24 2022-10-06 Ntn株式会社 bearing ring and shaft

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004169178A (en) * 2002-10-10 2004-06-17 Rexroth Star Gmbh Method for manufacturing member formed of hardened steel, in particular, member formed of rolling bearing steel
JP2022148544A (en) * 2021-03-24 2022-10-06 Ntn株式会社 bearing ring and shaft
JP7555294B2 (en) 2021-03-24 2024-09-24 Ntn株式会社 Bearing rings and shafts

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN105026602B (en) The semi-finished product and its manufacture method of high-frequency quenching component
JP5958652B2 (en) Soft nitrided induction hardened steel parts with excellent surface fatigue strength
US10202677B2 (en) Production method of carburized steel component and carburized steel component
JP6520347B2 (en) Forming material of induction hardened parts, induction hardened parts, and manufacturing method thereof
JP6055397B2 (en) Bearing parts having excellent wear resistance and manufacturing method thereof
JP2961768B2 (en) Rolling bearing
JP7013833B2 (en) Carburized parts
JP2019039044A (en) Rolling sliding member and rolling bearing
JP2021110342A (en) Rolling bearing bearing ring
KR101713677B1 (en) Steel for high nitrogen air hardened bearing with high performance on rolling contact fatigue and method producing the same
JP5668283B2 (en) Manufacturing method of rolling sliding member
JP2004027260A (en) Rolling element and method of manufacturing the same
JP6881498B2 (en) Parts and their manufacturing methods
JP7263796B2 (en) RING GEAR FOR AUTOMOBILE TRANSMISSION AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF
JP7063070B2 (en) Carburized parts
JP2023102175A (en) steel member
JP5119717B2 (en) Method for manufacturing rolling bearing component and rolling bearing
JP2022170056A (en) steel
JPWO2015199103A1 (en) Pinion shaft and manufacturing method thereof
JP6881497B2 (en) Parts and their manufacturing methods
JP5145774B2 (en) Method for manufacturing rolling bearing component and rolling bearing
JP6881496B2 (en) Parts and their manufacturing methods
JP7063071B2 (en) Carburized parts
WO2017146057A1 (en) Cement steel component and steel material having excellent stability of rolling fatigue life, and method for manufacturing same
JP2017150066A (en) Steel material and carburized steel component excellent in stability of rolling motion fatigue life and manufacturing method therefor

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A300 Withdrawal of application because of no request for examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A300

Effective date: 20050906