JP2004018565A - Water absorbing resin - Google Patents
Water absorbing resin Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2004018565A JP2004018565A JP2002171833A JP2002171833A JP2004018565A JP 2004018565 A JP2004018565 A JP 2004018565A JP 2002171833 A JP2002171833 A JP 2002171833A JP 2002171833 A JP2002171833 A JP 2002171833A JP 2004018565 A JP2004018565 A JP 2004018565A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- reaction
- absorbent resin
- ammonium group
- general formula
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 40
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium group Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- LFSHREXVLSTLFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-cyanoethenyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(=C)C#N LFSHREXVLSTLFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002504 physiological saline solution Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 49
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 45
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 22
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 16
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229940048053 acrylate Drugs 0.000 description 13
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 11
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- -1 polyoxypropylene, oxyethylenoxypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 7
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- UWFRVQVNYNPBEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)propan-1-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1C UWFRVQVNYNPBEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000004436 sodium atom Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical group CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical group NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AOBIOSPNXBMOAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)ethoxymethyl]oxirane Chemical compound C1OC1COCCOCC1CO1 AOBIOSPNXBMOAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AUZRCMMVHXRSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropane-1-sulfonic acid;prop-2-enamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C.CC(C)CS(O)(=O)=O AUZRCMMVHXRSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WOAMRAPSJUZQJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-oxopent-4-ene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(C)C(=O)C=C WOAMRAPSJUZQJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical group CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 210000001124 body fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000010839 body fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- KDQPSPMLNJTZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogenphosphate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O KDQPSPMLNJTZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical compound Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XMYQHJDBLRZMLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanolamine Chemical group NCO XMYQHJDBLRZMLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-methylenebisacrylamide Chemical compound C=CC(=O)NCNC(=O)C=C ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L persulfate group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)([O-])OOS(=O)(=O)[O-] JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert‐butyl hydroperoxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OO CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutylammonium Chemical group CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylammonium Chemical group CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylammonium Chemical group C[N+](C)(C)C QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1 BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical group CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N (+)-propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- ORTVZLZNOYNASJ-UPHRSURJSA-N (z)-but-2-ene-1,4-diol Chemical compound OC\C=C/CO ORTVZLZNOYNASJ-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXHFHCPKVSDSIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolan-2-one;4-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1.CC1COC(=O)O1 TXHFHCPKVSDSIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-propanediol Substances OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQUXFUBNSYCQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,3-difluorophenyl)ethanone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC(F)=C1F PQUXFUBNSYCQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RESPXSHDJQUNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-piperidin-1-ylprop-2-en-1-one Chemical compound C=CC(=O)N1CCCCC1 RESPXSHDJQUNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WLPAQAXAZQUXBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-pyrrolidin-1-ylprop-2-en-1-one Chemical compound C=CC(=O)N1CCCC1 WLPAQAXAZQUXBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JCTXKRPTIMZBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4-trimethylpentane-1,3-diol Chemical compound CC(C)C(O)C(C)(C)CO JCTXKRPTIMZBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMHSUNDEGHRBNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dichloropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile Chemical class ClC1=NC=C(C#N)C(Cl)=N1 KMHSUNDEGHRBNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)pyridin-3-amine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CN=C1OC1=CC=C(F)C=C1F LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxazoline Chemical compound C1CN=CO1 IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HDPLHDGYGLENEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[1-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propan-2-yloxymethyl]oxirane Chemical compound C1OC1COC(C)COCC1CO1 HDPLHDGYGLENEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWFXBUNENSNBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyacrylic acid Chemical compound OC(=C)C(O)=O FEWFXBUNENSNBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000954 2-hydroxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])O[H] 0.000 description 1
- VHSHLMUCYSAUQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(O)COC(=O)C(C)=C VHSHLMUCYSAUQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AGBXYHCHUYARJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 AGBXYHCHUYARJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-vinylpyridine Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=N1 KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FRIBMENBGGCKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enal Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=CC=O)=C1OC FRIBMENBGGCKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QOXOZONBQWIKDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxypropyl Chemical group [CH2]CCO QOXOZONBQWIKDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJECZPVISLOESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCN SJECZPVISLOESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PUEFXLJYTSRTGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound CC1(C)COC(=O)O1 PUEFXLJYTSRTGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LWLOKSXSAUHTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound CC1OC(=O)OC1C LWLOKSXSAUHTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JFMGYULNQJPJCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound OCC1COC(=O)O1 JFMGYULNQJPJCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BLFRQYKZFKYQLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminobutan-1-ol Chemical group NCCCCO BLFRQYKZFKYQLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XRVNGPRAHBUBPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminobutan-1-ol azane Chemical compound N.NCCCCO XRVNGPRAHBUBPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- AEYSASDBPHWTGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-oxohex-5-ene-3-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CCC(S(O)(=O)=O)C(=O)C=C AEYSASDBPHWTGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DEXFNLNNUZKHNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-[3-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropyl]-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C1CCN(CC1)C(CCC1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1)=O DEXFNLNNUZKHNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000000703 Cerium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical group CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTKINSOISVBQLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycidol Chemical compound OCC1CO1 CTKINSOISVBQLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALQSHHUCVQOPAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane-1,5-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCO ALQSHHUCVQOPAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical group [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUGQZFFCHPXWKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanolamine Chemical group NCCCO WUGQZFFCHPXWKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethylene glycol, Natural products OCCOCCOCCOCCO UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical group CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDODWINGEHBYRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl]methanol Chemical compound OCC1CCCCC1CO XDODWINGEHBYRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MZVQCMJNVPIDEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [CH2]CN(CC)CC Chemical group [CH2]CN(CC)CC MZVQCMJNVPIDEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000751 azo group Chemical group [*]N=N[*] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012986 chain transfer agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001919 chlorite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052619 chlorite group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorous acid Chemical compound OCl=O QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N crotonic acid Chemical compound C\C=C\C(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanol Chemical compound OC1CCCCC1 HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002781 deodorant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutylamine Chemical group CCCCNCCCC JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GPLRAVKSCUXZTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycerol Chemical compound OCC(O)COCC(O)CO GPLRAVKSCUXZTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COCC1CO1 GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- GKIPXFAANLTWBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N epibromohydrin Chemical compound BrCC1CO1 GKIPXFAANLTWBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-O ethylaminium Chemical compound CC[NH3+] QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000855 fungicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005251 gamma ray Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003898 horticulture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001477 hydrophilic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactide Chemical compound CC1OC(=O)C(C)OC1=O JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002641 lithium Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- LSHROXHEILXKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-[2-[2-[2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethylamino]ethylamino]ethyl]ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCNCCN LSHROXHEILXKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYZFTMMPKCOTAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethyl]-2-[[1-[2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethylamino]-2-methyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl]diazenyl]-2-methylpropanamide Chemical compound OCCNCCNC(=O)C(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C(=O)NCCNCCO QYZFTMMPKCOTAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001451 organic peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002918 oxazolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphinate Chemical compound [O-][PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000223 polyglycerol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000166 polytrimethylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- AZIQALWHRUQPHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-eneperoxoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)C=C AZIQALWHRUQPHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940047670 sodium acrylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium persulfate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-crotonic acid Natural products CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-O triethylammonium ion Chemical compound CC[NH+](CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YFHICDDUDORKJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCCO1 YFHICDDUDORKJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=C NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2810/00—Chemical modification of a polymer
- C08F2810/20—Chemical modification of a polymer leading to a crosslinking, either explicitly or inherently
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Epoxy Resins (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、吸水性樹脂に関する。さらに詳しくは、吸水能に優れ、かつ生分解性に優れた吸水性樹脂に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、吸水性樹脂は、紙オムツや生理用品等の衛生材料としての利用のみならず、体液吸収材等の医療分野、シーリング材(止水材)や結露防止材等の土木、建築分野、鮮度保持材等の食品分野、溶剤から水を除去する脱水材等の工業分野、緑化等の農業、園芸分野等、非常に多種多様な分野に利用されている。そして、これらの用途に応じた吸水性樹脂が種々提案されている。中でも、ポリアクリル酸(塩)系の吸水性樹脂が吸水能に優れ、かつ、安価であるため、幅広く用いられている。しかしながら、ポリアクリル酸(塩)系の吸水性樹脂は、吸水状態では光分解性を若干有するものの、生分解性をほとんど有していない。したがって、ポリアクリル酸(塩)系の吸水性樹脂を廃棄物として処理する際に、例えば、埋め立て処分等を行うと、土中の細菌や微生物により分解されにくく、環境汚染等を引き起こすといった問題がある。
【0003】
一方、吸水能に優れ、かつ生分解性を有する吸水性樹脂としては、例えば、多糖類そのものを架橋させた吸水性樹脂(特開昭56−5137号公報、特開昭58−79006号公報、特開昭60−58443号公報、特開平8−89796号公報)、多糖類誘導体としてセルロース誘導体を用い、このセルロース誘導体を架橋させた吸水性樹脂(特開昭49−128987号公報、特開昭50−85689号公報、特開昭54−163981号公報、特開昭55−500785号公報、特開昭54−28755号公報、特開昭57−137301号公報、特開昭58−1701号公報、特開昭61−89364号公報、特開平5−49925号公報、特開平5−123573号公報)等が知られている。
しかしながら、多糖類あるいは多糖類誘導体を架橋させた吸水性樹脂の生分解性は、通常、原料である多糖類あるいは多糖類誘導体の生分解性よりも劣っている。したがって、吸水能に優れ、かつ生分解性に優れた吸水性樹脂が望まれている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、吸水能に優れ、かつ生分解性に優れた吸水性樹脂を提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記課題を解決するために鋭意検討を重ねた結果、下記一般式(1);
【0006】
【化3】
【0007】
(式中、Mは、水素原子、アルカリ金属原子、アンモニウム基、炭素数1〜4のアルキル基で置換されたアンモニウム基、または炭素数1〜4のアルカノール基で置換されたアンモニウム基を示す。)
で表される構造単位を含む重合体を架橋することによって得られる吸水性樹脂が、吸水能に優れ、かつ生分解性に優れていることを見出した。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明に用いられる重合体は、下記一般式(1);
【0009】
【化4】
【0010】
で表される構造単位を含む重合体である。
式中、Mは、水素原子、アルカリ金属原子、アンモニウム基、炭素数1〜4のアルキル基で置換されたアンモニウム基、または炭素数1〜4のアルカノール基で置換されたアンモニウム基を示す。
前記アルカリ金属原子としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、リチウム原子、ナトリウム原子、カリウム原子等が挙げられる。
【0011】
前記炭素数1〜4のアルキル基で置換されたアンモニウム基としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、メチルアンモニウム基、エチルアンモニウム基、ジメチルアンモニウム基、ジブチルアンモニウム基、トリエチルアンモニウム基、トリプロピルアンモニウム基、テトラメチルアンモニウム基、テトラエチルアンモニウム基、テトラブチルアンモニウム基等が挙げられる。
炭素数1〜4のアルカノール基で置換されたアンモニウム基としては、ヒドロキシメチルアンモニウム基、2−ヒドロキシエチルアンモニウム基、3−ヒドロキシプロピルアンモニウム基、4−ヒドロキシブチルアンモニウム基等が挙げられる。
【0012】
一般式(1)で表される構造単位を含む重合体の具体例としては、ポリ−α−ヒドロキシアクリル酸、ポリ−α−ヒドロキシアクリル酸リチウム、ポリ−α−ヒドロキシアクリル酸ナトリウム、ポリ−α−ヒドロキシアクリル酸カリウム、ポリ−α−ヒドロキシアクリル酸アンモニウム、ポリ−α−ヒドロキシアクリル酸メチルアンモニウム、ポリ−α−ヒドロキシアクリル酸エチルアンモニウム、ポリ−α−ヒドロキシアクリル酸ジメチルアンモニウム、ポリ−α−ヒドロキシアクリル酸ジブチルアンモニウム、ポリ−α−ヒドロキシアクリル酸トリエチルアンモニウム、ポリ−α−ヒドロキシアクリル酸トリプロピルアンモニウム、ポリ−α−ヒドロキシアクリル酸テトラメチルアンモニウム、ポリ−α−ヒドロキシアクリル酸テトラエチルアンモニウム、ポリ−α−ヒドロキシアクリル酸テトラブチルアンモニウム、ポリ−α−ヒドロキシアクリル酸ヒドロキシメチルアンモニウム、ポリ−α−ヒドロキシアクリル酸−2−ヒドロキシエチルアンモニウム、ポリ−α−ヒドロキシアクリル酸−3−ヒドロキシプロピルアンモニウム、ポリ−α−ヒドロキシアクリル酸−4−ヒドロキシブチルアンモニウム等が挙げられる。なお、これらの重合体は、2種以上および/またはその他の共重合可能なものと共重合されていてもよい。
【0013】
重合体中の一般式(1)で表される構造単位の含有割合は、15モル%以上であることが望ましい。一般式(1)で表される構造単位の含有割合が15モル%未満の場合、得られる吸水性樹脂の生分解性が低くなるおそれがある。
本発明において、一般式(1)で表される構造単位を含む重合体を架橋する方法としては、特に限定されず、γ線等の放射線を照射して架橋する方法;架橋剤を用いて架橋する方法等が挙げられる。これらの中でも、架橋剤を用いて架橋する方法が好適に用いられる。
【0014】
以下に、架橋剤を用いて架橋する方法を例示する。
前記架橋剤としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、一般式(1)中のCOOM基、OH基と反応しうる少なくとも2個以上の官能基を有する化合物が好ましく用いられる。具体例としては、エチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、トリエチレングリコール、テトラエチレングリコール、ポリエチレングリコール、1,3−プロパンジオール、ジプロピレングリコール、2,2,4−トリメチル−1,3−ペンタンジオール、ポリプロピレングリコール、グリセリン、ポリグリセリン、2−ブテン−1,4−ジオール、1,4−ブタンジオール、1,5−ペンタンジオール、1,6−ヘキサンジオール、1,2−シクロヘキサンジメタノール、1,2−シクロヘキサノール、トリメチロールプロパン、ポリオキシプロピレン、オキシエチレノキシプロピレンブロック共重合体、ペンタエリスリトール、ソルビトール等の多価アルコール化合物;エチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、ポリエチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、グリセロールポリグリシジルエーテル、ジグリセロールジグリシジルエーテル、ポリグリセロールポリグリシジルエーテル、プロピレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、ポリプロピレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、グリシドール、γ−グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン等のエポキシ化合物;エチレンジアミン、ジエチレントリアミン、トリエチレンテトラミン、テトラエチレンペンタミン、ペンタエチレンヘキサミン、ポリアミドポリアミン、ポリエチレンイミン等の多価アミン化合物およびこれら多価アミンとハロエポキシ化合物との縮合物;2,4−トリレンジイソシアネート、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート等の多価イソシアネート化合物;1,2−エチレンビスオキサゾリン等の多価オキサゾリン化合物;γ−グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、γ−アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン等のシランカップリング剤;1,3−ジオキソラン−2−オン、4−メチル−1,3−ジオキソラン−2−オン、4,5−ジメチル−1,3−ジオキソラン−2−オン、4,4−ジメチル−1,3−ジオキソラン−2−オン、4−エチル−1,3−ジオキソラン−2−オン、4−ヒドロキシメチル−1,3−ジオキソラン−2−オン、1,3−ジオキサン−2−オン、4−メチル−1,3−ジオキサン−2−オン、4,6−ジメチル−1,3−ジオキサン−2−オン等のアルキレンカーボネート化合物;エピクロロヒドリン、エピブロムヒドリン、α−メチルエピクロルヒドリン等のエピハロヒドリン化合物;亜鉛、カルシウム、マグネシウム、アルミニウム、鉄、ジルコニウム等の水酸化物および塩化物等の多価金属化合物等が挙げられる。なお、これらの化合物は、2種以上混合して用いてもよい。これらの中でも、エポキシ化合物、多価アミン化合物、エピハロヒドリン化合物が好適に用いられ、とりわけエポキシ化合物がさらに好適に用いられる。
【0015】
前記架橋剤の使用量は、一般式(1)で表される構造単位を含む重合体100重量部に対して、0.01〜30重量部、好ましくは0.1〜10重量部、さらに好ましくは0.1〜5重量部であることが望ましい。架橋剤の使用量が0.01重量部未満の場合、得られる吸水性樹脂の吸水能が低くなるおそれがある。また、架橋剤の使用量が30重量部を超える場合、得られる吸水性樹脂の生分解性が低くなるおそれがある。
架橋剤を用いて架橋反応を行わせる方法としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、前記一般式(1)で表される構造単位を含む重合体と架橋剤とを混合して、架橋反応させる方法が挙げられる。
【0016】
前記一般式(1)で表される構造単位を含む重合体と架橋剤を混合する方法としては、特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、両者を固体同士で混合する方法;両者をスラリー状態で混合する方法;いずれか一方をスラリー状態とし、これに他方を添加して混合する方法;両者を溶液状態で混合する方法;いずれか一方を溶液状態とし、これに他方を添加して混合する方法等が挙げられる。
一般式(1)で表される構造単位を含む重合体を溶媒に溶かして溶液状態とし、架橋剤を添加して混合する方法を例示する。
【0017】
前記溶媒としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、水、メチルアルコール、エチルアルコール、プロピルアルコール、イソプロピルアルコール、ブチルアルコール等が挙げられる。なお、溶液状態での、一般式(1)で表される構造単位を含む重合体の濃度は、0.1〜20重量%、好ましくは0.5〜10重量%であることが望ましい。一般式(1)で表される構造単位を含む重合体溶液の濃度が0.1重量%未満の場合、溶媒の量が多くなり、溶媒を除去するのに長時間加熱する必要があり、製造効率が低下するおそれがある。また、一般式(1)で表される構造単位を含む重合体溶液の濃度が20重量%を超える場合、溶液の粘度が高くなり、溶液が均一に混合できなくなるおそれがある。
【0018】
架橋反応させる際の反応温度は、30〜170℃、好ましくは40〜150℃であることが望ましい。反応温度が30℃未満の場合、架橋反応が進みにくくなるおそれがある。また、反応温度が170℃を超える場合、一般式(1)で表される構造単位を含む重合体が分解するおそれがある。
反応時間は、反応温度、架橋剤の種類、溶媒の種類や量等により異なるが、1〜300分間、好ましくは5〜200分間であることが望ましい。
【0019】
上記の架橋方法で得られた吸水性樹脂を乾燥し、溶媒を除去することで製品とすることができる。得られた吸水性樹脂は、必要に応じてふるい等で分級してもよい。
本発明において用いられる一般式(1)で表される構造単位を含む重合体としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、1−シアノ−ビニルアセテートを必須成分とする単量体を重合させた後、加水分解して得られたものを用いることができる。
【0020】
前記1−シアノ−ビニルアセテートを必須成分とする単量体としては、1−シアノ−ビニルアセテートのみからなる単量体、1−シアノ−ビニルアセテートと共重合可能な他の成分を含む単量体が挙げられる。共重合可能な他の成分としては、例えば、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、マレイン酸、無水マレイン酸、フマル酸、クロトン酸、イタコン酸、メチル(メタ)アクリレート〔「(メタ)アクリ」とは「アクリ」および「メタクリ」を意味する。以下同じ〕、エチル(メタ)アクリレート、酢酸ビニル、ビニルスルホン酸、スチレンスルホン酸、2−(メタ)アクリルアミド−2−メチルプロパンスルホン酸、2−(メタ)アクリロイルエタンスルホン酸、2−(メタ)アクリロイルプロパンスルホン酸、スルホエトキシポリエチレングリコールモノ(メタ)アクリレート等の酸基含有の親水性単量体およびその塩;(メタ)アクリルアミド、N−エチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、N−n−プロピル(メタ)アクリルアミド、N−イソプロピル(メタ)アクリルアミド、N,N−メチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、2−ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、2−ヒドロキシプロピルメタアクリレート、メトキシポリエチレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート、ポリエチレングリコールモノ(メタ)アクリレート、ビニルピリジン、N−ビニルピロリドン、N−アクリロイルピペリジン、N−アクリロイルピロリジン等のノニオン性の親水性単量体;N,N−ジメチルアミノエチル(メタ)アクリレート、N,N−ジエチルアミノエチル(メタ)アクリレート、N,N−ジメチルアミノプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、N,N−ジメチルアミノプロピル(メタ)アクリルアミドおよびその4級塩等のカチオン性の親水性単量体;ラクチド、ラクトン、スチレン、塩化ビニル、ラウリル(メタ)アクリレート等の疎水性単量体等が挙げられる。なお、これらの化合物は、2種以上混合して用いてもよい。これらの化合物の中でも、得られる共重合体および吸水性樹脂の物性の観点より、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、2−(メタ)アクリロイルエタンスルホン酸、2−(メタ)アクリルアミド−2−メチルプロパンスルホン酸、メトキシポリエチレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート、N,N−ジメチルアミノエチル(メタ)アクリレート、アクリルアミドおよびその塩が好適に用いられ、とりわけアクリル酸およびその塩がさらに好適に用いられる。
【0021】
1−シアノ−ビニルアセテートを必須成分とする単量体を重合させる方法としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、単量体を溶媒に溶かして単量体溶液を調製した後、重合させる溶液重合法が挙げられる。
以下に、溶液重合法を例示する。
溶液重合法における溶媒としては、特に限定されず、例えば、メタノール、エタノール、アセトン、ジメチルホルムアミド、ジメチルスルホキシド等が挙げられる。
【0022】
前記単量体溶液における単量体の濃度は、特に限定されないが、例えば、20重量%〜飽和濃度であることが望ましい。単量体の濃度が、20重量%未満の場合、反応が進行しにくくなるおそれがある。また、単量体の濃度が飽和濃度を超える場合、反応が制御しにくくなるおそれがある。
前記1−シアノ−ビニルアセテートを必須成分とする単量体を重合させる際、重合開始剤を使用することができる。
【0023】
前記重合開始剤としては、特に限定されず、例えば、過硫酸カリウム、過硫酸アンモニウム、過硫酸ナトリウム等の過硫酸塩;tert−ブチルハイドロパーオキサイド、クメンハイドロパーオキサイド等の有機過酸化物;過酸化水素;2,2’−アゾビスイソブチロニトリル、2,2’−アゾビス(2−アミノジプロパン)二酸化塩等のアゾ化合物;亜塩素酸塩、次亜塩素酸塩、第2セリウム塩、過マンガン酸塩等の公知の開始剤が挙げられる。なお、これらの化合物は、2種以上混合して用いてもよい。これらの中でも、過硫酸塩、過酸化水素、アゾ化合物が好適に用いられる。これら重合開始剤は、重合系に一括添加してもよいし、逐次添加してもよい。
【0024】
前記重合開始剤の使用量は、通常、1−シアノ−ビニルアセテートを必須成分とする単量体に対して0.001〜2モル%、好ましくは0.01〜1モル%であることが望ましい。重合開始剤の使用量が0.001モル%未満の場合、重合開始剤を使用する効果がみられないおそれがある。また、重合開始剤の使用量が2モル%を超える場合、反応が制御しにくくなるおそれがある。
【0025】
また、前記1−シアノ−ビニルアセテートを必須成分とする単量体を重合させる際、次亜リン酸塩、チオール類、チオール酸類等の連鎖移動剤;澱粉、セルロース、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリアクリル酸、ポリアクリル酸塩架橋体等の合成または天然親水性高分子等を添加しても良い。
得られた重合物を、加水分解することにより、一般式(1)で表される構造単位を含む重合体を製造することができる。
【0026】
加水分解の際、反応を円滑に進める観点から、水酸化リチウム、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、アンモニア等を用いて加水分解することが望ましい。
加水分解の際に、均一に反応を進める観点より、溶媒の存在下で行うことが望ましい。溶媒としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、水、または、メチルアルコール、エチルアルコール、プロピルアルコール、イソプロピルアルコール、ブチルアルコール、ジメチルホルムアミドやジメチルスルホキシド等が挙げられる。
【0027】
加水分解反応における溶液中の重合物の濃度は、0.1〜40重量%、好ましくは、1〜20重量%であることが望ましい。重合物の濃度が0.1重量%未満の場合、反応が進行しにくくなるおそれがある。また、重合物の濃度が40重量%を超える場合、溶解するのに非常に時間を要するため、生産効率が低くなるおそれがある。
【0028】
加水分解の際の反応温度は、20〜170℃、好ましくは25〜150℃であることが望ましい。反応温度が20℃未満の場合、反応が進行しにくくなるおそれがある。反応温度が170℃を超える場合、副生成物が生成するおそれがある。加水分解の際の反応圧力は、0.08〜0.5MPa、好ましくは0.1〜0.3MPaであることが望ましい。反応圧力が0.08MPa未満の場合、反応が進行しにくくなるおそれがある。反応圧力が0.5MPaを超える場合、圧力に見合う反応の効果が得られず、経済的でないおそれがある。
加水分解の際の反応時間は、反応温度、反応圧力等により異なるが、2〜48時間であることが望ましい。
【0029】
上記のようにして得られる本発明の吸水性樹脂の生理食塩水に対する吸水能は、10g/g以上、好ましくは10〜90g/gである。吸水性樹脂の生理食塩水に対する吸水能が10g/g未満の場合、吸水能が低いため、大量の吸水性樹脂を使用する必要があり、経済的でないおそれがある。なお、本発明における吸水性樹脂の生理食塩水に対する吸水能とは、吸水性樹脂1gを、500mL容のビーカー中で生理食塩水(0.9重量%NaCl水溶液)250gに分散し、1時間穏やかに攪拌して十分膨潤させ、次いで、あらかじめ重量Wa(g)を測定しておいた200メッシュの金網を用いて、膨潤ゲルを含んだ水溶液を濾過し、金網を水平に対して成す角を約30度程度となるように傾けた状態で30分間放置して、膨潤ゲルから余剰の生理食塩水を除き、膨潤ゲルを含んだ金網の重量Wb(g)を測定したときに、下記式により算出される値である。
生理食塩水の吸水能(g/g)=(Wb−Wa)/吸水性樹脂1g
【0030】
上記のようにして得られる本発明の吸水性樹脂の生分解率は、5%以上、好ましくは10%以上である。吸水性樹脂の生分解率が5%未満の場合、生分解性が低いため、使用後の吸水性樹脂を廃棄処分する際に、分解処理をする必要があり、経済的でないおそれがある。なお、本発明における吸水性樹脂の生分解率とは、JIS−K6951に準拠し、無水リン酸二水素カリウム8.5g、無水リン酸水素二カリウム21.75g、リン酸水素二ナトリウム二水和物33.4g、塩化アンモニウム0.5gを蒸留水に溶解して1000mLにした標準試験培養液400mLに、吸水性樹脂80mgを添加し、次いで、標準活性汚泥((財)化学物質評価研究機構製)を30ppmとなるように添加した培養液をスターラーで攪拌しながら、25℃で28日間培養したときに発生した二酸化炭素の総量A(mg)を求め、一方、吸水性樹脂を添加しない培養液から発生する二酸化炭素の総量B(mg)を同様に求め、さらに、吸水性樹脂が完全に分解した時に発生する二酸化炭素の量の計算値C(mg)を求めたときに、下記式により算出される値である。
生分解率(%)=(A−B)/C×100
また、得られた吸水性樹脂は、所定形状に造粒されてもよく、繊維状、構造不定形破砕状、球状、鱗片状、棒状、塊状等の種々の形状であってもよい。
【0031】
さらに、得られた吸水性樹脂は、1次粒子であってもよく、また、1次粒子の造粒体であってもよい。該吸水性樹脂を所定形状に造粒する場合の粒径および造粒方法は、特に限定されるものではない。また、上記吸水性樹脂に、その吸水特性、例えば、水性液体の浸透性や分散性、吸水速度等を向上させるために、種々の加工や修飾等を施してもよい。
【0032】
本発明の吸水性樹脂は、紙オムツ、生理用品、各種洗浄用具等の衛生分野;外科手術時の体液吸収材、創傷保護材等の医療用分野;シールド工法時のシーリング材(止水材)、コンクリート養生材、ゲル水嚢、結露防止剤等の土木・建築分野;肉や魚等のドリップ吸収材や鮮度保持材、野菜等の鮮度保持材等の食品分野;溶剤から水を除去する脱水材等の工業用分野;緑化等を行う際の土壌保水材や植物栽培用保水材、種子コーティング材等の農業・園芸分野;さらには油水分離材、廃液吸収材、防振材、防音材、家庭用雑貨品、玩具、人工雪等の多種多様な分野に利用することができる。
【0033】
さらに、吸水性樹脂に、加工性の改良および品質性能向上の為に、必要に応じて、シリカ微粒子等の無機微粒子や、パルプ繊維等からなる充填剤、活性炭や鉄フタロシアニン誘導体、植物性精油等を吸着させたゼオライト等を主体とする消臭剤、芳香剤、銀や銅、亜鉛等の金属等を主体とする抗菌剤、殺菌剤、防カビ剤、防腐剤、脱酸素剤(酸化防止剤)、界面活性剤、発泡剤、香料等を添加してもよい。これらの添加剤を添加することにより、吸水性物品に種々の機能を付与することができる。上記添加剤の添加量は、添加剤の種類にもよるが、吸水性樹脂に対して0.01〜5重量%程度の範囲とすればよい。なお、添加剤の添加方法は、特に限定されるものではない。
【0034】
【実施例】
以下、実施例および比較例によって本発明をさらに詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれら実施例により何ら限定されるものではない。
【0035】
製造例1
攪拌機、冷却管、温度計および窒素ガス吹き込み管を取り付けた500mL容の5つ口フラスコに、メタノール100g、1−シアノ−ビニルアセテート50.0g(0.45モル)を仕込み、70℃で攪拌しながら窒素ガスを吹き込んで溶存酸素を追い出した。次いで、2,2’−アゾビスイソブチロニトリル0.18g(0.0011モル)を添加し、70℃で5時間重合反応させた。
反応終了後、生成物を濾別し、メタノール500gで洗浄し、60℃で5時間減圧乾燥させて重合物46.5gを得た。
得られた重合物10g、5重量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液80g、エタノール80gをステンレス製のオートクレーブに仕込み、140℃、0.13MPaで30時間加水分解反応させた。
反応終了後、生成物を濾別し、メタノール100gで洗浄し、60℃で5時間減圧乾燥させて、一般式(1)においてMが水素原子またはナトリウム原子である構造単位を100モル%含む重合体8.2gを得た。
【0036】
製造例2
攪拌機、冷却管、温度計および窒素ガス吹き込み管を取り付けた500mL容の5つ口フラスコに、メタノール50g、1−シアノ−ビニルアセテート40.0g(0.36モル)、アクリル酸26.0g(0.36モル)を仕込み、70℃で攪拌しながら窒素ガスを吹き込んで溶存酸素を追い出した。次いで、2,2’−アゾビスイソブチロニトリル0.341g(0.0021モル)を添加し、70℃で4時間重合反応させた。
反応終了後、反応液をエーテル500mL中に添加し、生成物を濾別し、エーテル200gで洗浄し、60℃で5時間減圧乾燥させて重合物62.7gを得た。
【0037】
得られた重合物10g、5重量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液100gをステンレス製のオートクレーブに仕込み、100℃、0.1MPaで24時間加水分解反応させた。
反応終了後、反応液をメタノール1000mL中に添加し、生成物を濾別し、メタノール200gで洗浄し、60℃で5時間減圧乾燥させて、一般式(1)においてMが水素原子またはナトリウム原子である構造単位を50モル%含む重合体9.5gを得た。
【0038】
製造例3
攪拌機、冷却管、温度計および窒素ガス吹き込み管を取り付けた500mL容の5つ口フラスコに、メタノール50g、1−シアノ−ビニルアセテート15.7g(0.14モル)、アクリル酸50.0g(0.69モル)を仕込み、70℃で攪拌しながら窒素ガスを吹き込んで溶存酸素を追い出した。次いで、2,2’−アゾビスイソブチロニトリル0.341g(0.0021モル)を添加し、70℃で4時間重合反応させた。
反応終了後、反応液をエーテル500mL中に添加し、生成物を濾別し、エーテル200gで洗浄し、60℃で5時間減圧乾燥させて重合物62.4gを得た。
【0039】
得られた重合物10g、5重量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液100gをステンレス製のオートクレーブに仕込み、100℃、0.1MPaで24時間加水分解反応させた。
反応終了後、反応液をメタノール1000mL中に添加し、生成物を濾別し、メタノール200gで洗浄し、60℃で5時間減圧乾燥させて、一般式(1)においてMが水素原子またはナトリウム原子である構造単位を17モル%含む重合体9.5gを得た。
【0040】
製造例4
攪拌機、冷却管、温度計および窒素ガス吹き込み管を取り付けた500mL容の5つ口フラスコに、メタノール50g、1−シアノ−ビニルアセテート10.0g(0.09モル)、アクリル酸56.0g(0.78モル)を仕込み、70℃で攪拌しながら窒素ガスを吹き込んで溶存酸素を追い出した。次いで、2,2’−アゾビスイソブチロニトリル0.341g(0.0021モル)を添加し、70℃で4時間重合反応させた。
反応終了後、反応液をエーテル500mL中に添加し、生成物を濾別し、エーテル200gで洗浄し、60℃で5時間減圧乾燥させて重合物65.0gを得た。
【0041】
得られた重合物10g、5重量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液100gをステンレス製のオートクレーブに仕込み、100℃、0.1MPaで24時間加水分解反応させた。
反応終了後、反応液をメタノール1000mL中に添加し、生成物を濾別し、メタノール200gで洗浄し、60℃で5時間減圧乾燥させて、一般式(1)においてMが水素原子またはナトリウム原子である構造単位を10モル%含む重合体9.8gを得た。
【0042】
実施例1
攪拌機、冷却管および温度計を取り付けた500mL容の4つ口フラスコに、製造例1で得られた重合体5g、水100gを仕込み、溶解させた後、エチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル0.001gを添加し、80℃で2時間架橋反応させた。
反応終了後、120℃で熱風乾燥させることにより、吸水性樹脂4.8gを得た。
【0043】
実施例2
攪拌機、冷却管および温度計を取り付けた500mL容の4つ口フラスコに、製造例2で得られた重合体5g、水100gを仕込み、溶解させた後、エチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル0.001gを添加し、80℃で2時間架橋反応させた。
反応終了後、120℃で熱風乾燥させることにより、吸水性樹脂4.7gを得た。
【0044】
実施例3
攪拌機、冷却管および温度計を取り付けた500mL容の4つ口フラスコに、製造例3で得られた重合体5g、水100gを仕込み、溶解させた後、エチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル0.001gを添加し、80℃で2時間架橋反応させた。
反応終了後、120℃で熱風乾燥させることにより、吸水性樹脂4.8gを得た。
【0045】
実施例4
攪拌機、冷却管および温度計を取り付けた500mL容の4つ口フラスコに、製造例4で得られた重合体5g、水100gを仕込み、溶解させた後、エチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル0.001gを添加し、80℃で2時間架橋反応させた。
反応終了後、120℃で熱風乾燥させることにより、吸水性樹脂4.9gを得た。
【0046】
比較例1
攪拌機、冷却管、滴下ロート、温度計および窒素ガス吹き込み管を取り付けた2L容の5つ口フラスコに、シクロヘキサン1150mL、エチルセルロース9.0gを仕込み、窒素ガスを吹き込んで溶存酸素を追い出した。
上記とは別に、500mL容の三角フラスコに、アクリル酸150gを加えた。これに、外部から冷却しつつ、24.3重量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液265.3gを滴下してアクリル酸を中和し、アクリル酸の中和物を調製した。さらに、過硫酸カリウム0.5g、N,N’−メチレンビスアクリルアミド0.25gを添加し、窒素ガスを吹き込んで容存酸素を追い出した。
【0047】
上記三角フラスコ内の溶液を全量、75℃で1時間を要して5つ口フラスコ内に滴下した後、さらに同温度で1時間反応させた。
反応終了後、シクロヘキサンを減圧下で留去し、膨潤物を得た。得られた膨潤物を、80〜100℃で減圧乾燥させることにより、吸水性樹脂208gを得た。
【0048】
比較例2
攪拌機、冷却管、温度計および窒素ガス吹き込み管を取り付けた500mL容の5つ口フラスコに、トウモロコシ澱粉50g、水300gを仕込み、窒素ガスを吹き込んで溶存酸素を追い出し、50℃で1時間攪拌した後、30℃に冷却した。次いで、アクリル酸20g、アクリル酸ナトリウム80g、N,N’−メチレンビスアクリルアミド0.04g、過硫酸アンモニウム0.1g、亜硫酸水素ナトリウム0.01gを添加して、75℃で4時間反応させた。
反応終了後、120℃で熱風乾燥させることにより、吸水性樹脂145gを得た。
【0049】
(評価)
実施例および比較例で得られた吸水性樹脂の生理食塩水に対する吸水能、生分解率を以下の方法により測定した。
【0050】
(1)生理食塩水に対する吸水能
吸水性樹脂1gを、500mL容のビーカー中で生理食塩水(0.9重量%NaCl水溶液)250gに分散し、1時間穏やかに攪拌して十分膨潤させた。次いで、あらかじめ重量Wa(g)を測定しておいた200メッシュの金網を用いて、膨潤ゲルを含んだ水溶液を濾過し、金網を水平に対して成す角を約30度程度となるように傾けた状態で30分間放置して、膨潤ゲルから余剰の生理食塩水を除いた。膨潤ゲルを含んだ金網の重量Wb(g)を測定し、下記式により生理食塩水に対する吸水能(g/g)を求めた。結果を表1に示した。なお、生理食塩水に対する吸水能が10g/g以上であれば、吸水能が高いと判断できる。
生理食塩水の吸水能(g/g)=(Wb−Wa)/吸水性樹脂1g
【0051】
(2)生分解率
JIS−K6951に準拠し、無水リン酸二水素カリウム8.5g、無水リン酸水素二カリウム21.75g、リン酸水素二ナトリウム二水和物33.4g、塩化アンモニウム0.5gを蒸留水に溶解して1000mLにした標準試験培養液400mLに、吸水性樹脂80mgを添加し、次いで、標準活性汚泥((財)化学物質評価研究機構製)が30ppmとなるように添加した。この培養液をスターラーで攪拌しながら、25℃で28日間培養した。前記期間中に発生した二酸化炭素の量を定期的に測定し、発生した二酸化炭素の総量A(mg)を求めた。また、吸水性樹脂を添加しない培養液から発生する二酸化炭素の総量B(mg)を同様に求めた。さらに、吸水性樹脂が完全に分解した時に発生する二酸化炭素の量の計算値C(mg)とから、次式によって生分解率(%)を算出した。結果を表1に示した。なお、生分解率が5%以上であれば、生分解性が高いと判断できる。
生分解率(%)=(A−B)/C×100
【0052】
【表1】
【0053】
表1より、実施例の吸水性樹脂は、生理食塩水の吸水量が10g/g以上であり、かつ生分解率が5%以上であるため、吸水能に優れ、かつ生分解性に優れていると判断できる。
【0054】
【発明の効果】
本発明により、吸水能に優れ、かつ生分解性に優れた吸水性樹脂を提供することができる。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a water absorbent resin. More specifically, the present invention relates to a water-absorbing resin having excellent water absorbing ability and excellent biodegradability.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, water-absorbent resins have been used not only as sanitary materials such as disposable diapers and sanitary products, but also in the medical field such as body fluid absorbents, civil engineering such as sealing materials (water blocking materials) and dew condensation prevention materials, construction fields, and freshness. It is used in a wide variety of fields, such as a food field such as a holding material, an industrial field such as a dehydrating material for removing water from a solvent, agriculture such as greening, and a horticulture field. Various water-absorbing resins according to these uses have been proposed. Among them, polyacrylic acid (salt) -based water-absorbing resins are widely used because of their excellent water-absorbing ability and low cost. However, a polyacrylic acid (salt) -based water-absorbing resin has some photodegradability in a water-absorbing state, but has little biodegradability. Therefore, when the polyacrylic acid (salt) -based water-absorbent resin is treated as waste, for example, if it is landfilled, it is difficult to be decomposed by bacteria and microorganisms in the soil, causing problems such as environmental pollution. is there.
[0003]
On the other hand, examples of the water-absorbing resin having excellent water-absorbing ability and having biodegradability include, for example, water-absorbing resins obtained by crosslinking polysaccharides themselves (JP-A-56-5137, JP-A-58-79006, JP-A-60-58443, JP-A-8-89796), a water-absorbing resin obtained by using a cellulose derivative as a polysaccharide derivative and crosslinking the cellulose derivative (JP-A-49-128987, JP-A-50-85689, JP-A-54-163981, JP-A-55-500785, JP-A-54-28755, JP-A-57-137301, and JP-A-58-1701 JP-A-61-89364, JP-A-5-49925, and JP-A-5-123573) are known.
However, the biodegradability of a water-absorbent resin obtained by crosslinking a polysaccharide or a polysaccharide derivative is generally inferior to that of the raw material polysaccharide or polysaccharide derivative. Therefore, a water-absorbing resin having excellent water-absorbing ability and excellent biodegradability is desired.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a water-absorbing resin having excellent water-absorbing ability and excellent biodegradability.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, the following general formula (1):
[0006]
Embedded image
[0007]
(In the formula, M represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom, an ammonium group, an ammonium group substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or an ammonium group substituted with an alkanol group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. )
It has been found that a water-absorbent resin obtained by crosslinking a polymer containing a structural unit represented by the formula (1) has excellent water absorbing ability and excellent biodegradability.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The polymer used in the present invention has the following general formula (1);
[0009]
Embedded image
[0010]
It is a polymer containing a structural unit represented by
In the formula, M represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom, an ammonium group, an ammonium group substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or an ammonium group substituted with an alkanol group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
Although it does not specifically limit as said alkali metal atom, For example, a lithium atom, a sodium atom, a potassium atom, etc. are mentioned.
[0011]
The ammonium group substituted with the alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms is not particularly limited, and includes, for example, a methyl ammonium group, an ethyl ammonium group, a dimethyl ammonium group, a dibutyl ammonium group, a triethyl ammonium group, a tripropyl ammonium group, Examples include a tetramethylammonium group, a tetraethylammonium group, and a tetrabutylammonium group.
Examples of the ammonium group substituted with an alkanol group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms include a hydroxymethylammonium group, a 2-hydroxyethylammonium group, a 3-hydroxypropylammonium group, and a 4-hydroxybutylammonium group.
[0012]
Specific examples of the polymer containing the structural unit represented by the general formula (1) include poly-α-hydroxyacrylic acid, lithium poly-α-hydroxyacrylate, sodium poly-α-hydroxyacrylate, and poly-α. -Potassium hydroxyacrylate, poly-α-hydroxyammonium acrylate, poly-α-hydroxymethyl acrylate, ethyl-ammonium poly-α-hydroxyacrylate, dimethylammonium poly-α-hydroxyacrylate, poly-α-hydroxy Dibutylammonium acrylate, triethylammonium poly-α-hydroxyacrylate, tripropylammonium poly-α-hydroxyacrylate, tetramethylammonium poly-α-hydroxyacrylate, tetraethylammonium poly-α-hydroxyacrylate , Tetra-butyl ammonium ammonium poly-α-hydroxyacrylate, hydroxymethyl ammonium poly-α-hydroxyacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl ammonium poly-α-hydroxyacrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl poly-α-hydroxyacrylate And ammonium 4-hydroxybutylammonium poly-α-hydroxyacrylate. These polymers may be copolymerized with two or more and / or other copolymerizable polymers.
[0013]
The content of the structural unit represented by the general formula (1) in the polymer is desirably 15 mol% or more. When the content ratio of the structural unit represented by the general formula (1) is less than 15 mol%, the biodegradability of the obtained water-absorbent resin may be low.
In the present invention, the method for crosslinking the polymer containing the structural unit represented by the general formula (1) is not particularly limited, and is a method of crosslinking by irradiating radiation such as γ-ray; crosslinking using a crosslinking agent. And the like. Among these, a method of crosslinking using a crosslinking agent is preferably used.
[0014]
Hereinafter, a method of crosslinking using a crosslinking agent will be exemplified.
The crosslinking agent is not particularly limited, but for example, a compound having at least two or more functional groups capable of reacting with the COOM group and the OH group in the general formula (1) is preferably used. Specific examples include ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, dipropylene glycol, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol, Polypropylene glycol, glycerin, polyglycerin, 2-butene-1,4-diol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,2-cyclohexanedimethanol, 1,2 Polyhydric alcohol compounds such as cyclohexanol, trimethylolpropane, polyoxypropylene, oxyethylenoxypropylene block copolymer, pentaerythritol and sorbitol; ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether Epoxy such as polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, glycerol polyglycidyl ether, diglycerol diglycidyl ether, polyglycerol polyglycidyl ether, propylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether, glycidol, γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, etc. Compounds; polyamine compounds such as ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, pentaethylenehexamine, polyamidepolyamine and polyethyleneimine; and condensates of these polyamines with haloepoxy compounds; 2,4-tolylenediisocyanate Polyisocyanate compounds, such as hexamethylene diisocyanate; 1,2-ethylenebis Polyvalent oxazoline compounds such as oxazoline; silane coupling agents such as γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane and γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane; 1,3-dioxolan-2-one; 4-methyl-1,3- Dioxolan-2-one, 4,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one, 4,4-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one, 4-ethyl-1,3-dioxolan-2- On, 4-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one, 1,3-dioxan-2-one, 4-methyl-1,3-dioxan-2-one, 4,6-dimethyl-1,3 Alkylene carbonate compounds such as -dioxan-2-one; epihalohydrin compounds such as epichlorohydrin, epibromohydrin, α-methylepichlorohydrin; Lead, calcium, magnesium, aluminum, iron, polyvalent metal compounds such as hydroxides and chlorides such as zirconium and the like. These compounds may be used as a mixture of two or more. Among these, epoxy compounds, polyamine compounds, and epihalohydrin compounds are preferably used, and particularly, epoxy compounds are more preferably used.
[0015]
The amount of the crosslinking agent to be used is preferably 0.01 to 30 parts by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the polymer containing the structural unit represented by the general formula (1). Is preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by weight. If the amount of the crosslinking agent used is less than 0.01 part by weight, the water absorbing ability of the resulting water absorbent resin may be low. If the amount of the crosslinking agent exceeds 30 parts by weight, the biodegradability of the resulting water-absorbent resin may be low.
The method for causing a crosslinking reaction using a crosslinking agent is not particularly limited. For example, a method of mixing a polymer containing a structural unit represented by the general formula (1) with a crosslinking agent to cause a crosslinking reaction. Is mentioned.
[0016]
The method for mixing the polymer containing the structural unit represented by the general formula (1) and the crosslinking agent is not particularly limited, and for example, a method of mixing both in a solid state; A method of mixing one of them into a slurry state and adding the other to the mixture; a method of mixing both in a solution state; a method of mixing one of them in a solution state and adding the other to this to mix And the like.
An example is given of a method in which a polymer containing a structural unit represented by the general formula (1) is dissolved in a solvent to form a solution, and a crosslinking agent is added and mixed.
[0017]
Although it does not specifically limit as said solvent, For example, water, methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, etc. are mentioned. The concentration of the polymer containing the structural unit represented by the general formula (1) in a solution state is desirably 0.1 to 20% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 10% by weight. When the concentration of the polymer solution containing the structural unit represented by the general formula (1) is less than 0.1% by weight, the amount of the solvent increases, and it is necessary to heat for a long time to remove the solvent. The efficiency may decrease. Further, when the concentration of the polymer solution containing the structural unit represented by the general formula (1) exceeds 20% by weight, the viscosity of the solution becomes high, and the solution may not be mixed uniformly.
[0018]
The reaction temperature at the time of the cross-linking reaction is desirably 30 to 170C, preferably 40 to 150C. When the reaction temperature is lower than 30 ° C., the crosslinking reaction may not easily proceed. If the reaction temperature exceeds 170 ° C., the polymer containing the structural unit represented by the general formula (1) may be decomposed.
The reaction time varies depending on the reaction temperature, the type of the crosslinking agent, the type and amount of the solvent, and the like, but is preferably 1 to 300 minutes, and more preferably 5 to 200 minutes.
[0019]
A product can be obtained by drying the water-absorbent resin obtained by the above crosslinking method and removing the solvent. The obtained water absorbent resin may be classified by a sieve or the like as necessary.
The polymer containing the structural unit represented by the general formula (1) used in the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, after polymerizing a monomer having 1-cyano-vinyl acetate as an essential component, Those obtained by hydrolysis can be used.
[0020]
Examples of the monomer containing 1-cyano-vinyl acetate as an essential component include a monomer composed of only 1-cyano-vinyl acetate and a monomer containing another component copolymerizable with 1-cyano-vinyl acetate. Is mentioned. Other copolymerizable components include, for example, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, crotonic acid, itaconic acid, methyl (meth) acrylate [“(meth) acryl” is "And" methacrylic ". The same applies hereinafter), ethyl (meth) acrylate, vinyl acetate, vinylsulfonic acid, styrenesulfonic acid, 2- (meth) acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, 2- (meth) acryloylethanesulfonic acid, 2- (meth) Acid group-containing hydrophilic monomers such as acryloylpropanesulfonic acid and sulfoethoxy polyethylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate and salts thereof; (meth) acrylamide, N-ethyl (meth) acrylamide, Nn-propyl (meth) Acrylamide, N-isopropyl (meth) acrylamide, N, N-methyl (meth) acrylamide, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, methoxypolyethylene glycol (meth) acrylate, polyethylene glycol Non-ionic hydrophilic monomers such as no (meth) acrylate, vinylpyridine, N-vinylpyrrolidone, N-acryloylpiperidine, N-acryloylpyrrolidine; N, N-dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, N, N- Cationic hydrophilic monomers such as diethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, N, N-dimethylaminopropyl (meth) acrylate, N, N-dimethylaminopropyl (meth) acrylamide and quaternary salts thereof; lactide, lactone, Examples include hydrophobic monomers such as styrene, vinyl chloride, and lauryl (meth) acrylate. These compounds may be used as a mixture of two or more. Among these compounds, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, 2- (meth) acryloylethanesulfonic acid, and 2- (meth) acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid are preferred from the viewpoint of the physical properties of the obtained copolymer and water-absorbing resin. , Methoxypolyethylene glycol (meth) acrylate, N, N-dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, acrylamide and salts thereof are preferably used, and acrylic acid and salts thereof are more preferably used.
[0021]
The method for polymerizing a monomer having 1-cyano-vinyl acetate as an essential component is not particularly limited. For example, a solution polymerization method in which a monomer solution is prepared by dissolving the monomer in a solvent and then polymerized. Is mentioned.
Hereinafter, the solution polymerization method will be exemplified.
The solvent in the solution polymerization method is not particularly limited, and includes, for example, methanol, ethanol, acetone, dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide and the like.
[0022]
The concentration of the monomer in the monomer solution is not particularly limited, but is preferably, for example, 20% by weight to a saturation concentration. When the concentration of the monomer is less than 20% by weight, the reaction may not easily proceed. When the concentration of the monomer exceeds the saturation concentration, the reaction may be difficult to control.
When polymerizing the monomer containing 1-cyano-vinyl acetate as an essential component, a polymerization initiator can be used.
[0023]
The polymerization initiator is not particularly limited and includes, for example, persulfates such as potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, and sodium persulfate; organic peroxides such as tert-butyl hydroperoxide and cumene hydroperoxide; Hydrogen; azo compounds such as 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile and 2,2′-azobis (2-aminodipropane) dioxide; chlorite, hypochlorite, cerium salt; Known initiators such as permanganate are exemplified. These compounds may be used as a mixture of two or more. Among these, persulfates, hydrogen peroxide and azo compounds are preferably used. These polymerization initiators may be added to the polymerization system all at once or sequentially.
[0024]
The amount of the polymerization initiator to be used is usually 0.001 to 2 mol%, preferably 0.01 to 1 mol%, based on a monomer having 1-cyano-vinyl acetate as an essential component. . If the amount of the polymerization initiator is less than 0.001 mol%, the effect of using the polymerization initiator may not be obtained. If the amount of the polymerization initiator exceeds 2 mol%, the reaction may be difficult to control.
[0025]
When polymerizing a monomer containing 1-cyano-vinyl acetate as an essential component, a chain transfer agent such as hypophosphite, thiols, or thiolic acids; starch, cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, A synthetic or natural hydrophilic polymer such as a crosslinked polyacrylate may be added.
By hydrolyzing the obtained polymer, a polymer containing the structural unit represented by the general formula (1) can be produced.
[0026]
At the time of hydrolysis, it is desirable to carry out hydrolysis using lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammonia or the like, from the viewpoint of promoting the reaction smoothly.
The hydrolysis is preferably performed in the presence of a solvent from the viewpoint of promoting the reaction uniformly. Although it does not specifically limit as a solvent, For example, water, methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, etc. are mentioned.
[0027]
It is desirable that the concentration of the polymer in the solution in the hydrolysis reaction is 0.1 to 40% by weight, preferably 1 to 20% by weight. When the concentration of the polymer is less than 0.1% by weight, the reaction may not easily proceed. On the other hand, when the concentration of the polymer exceeds 40% by weight, it takes a very long time to dissolve the polymer, which may lower the production efficiency.
[0028]
The reaction temperature at the time of hydrolysis is preferably from 20 to 170C, and more preferably from 25 to 150C. When the reaction temperature is lower than 20 ° C., the reaction may not easily proceed. When the reaction temperature exceeds 170 ° C., a by-product may be generated. The reaction pressure during the hydrolysis is preferably from 0.08 to 0.5 MPa, more preferably from 0.1 to 0.3 MPa. When the reaction pressure is less than 0.08 MPa, the reaction may not easily proceed. When the reaction pressure exceeds 0.5 MPa, the effect of the reaction corresponding to the pressure cannot be obtained, which may not be economical.
The reaction time for the hydrolysis varies depending on the reaction temperature, reaction pressure and the like, but is preferably 2 to 48 hours.
[0029]
The water absorbing ability of the water absorbent resin of the present invention obtained as described above with respect to physiological saline is 10 g / g or more, preferably 10 to 90 g / g. If the water-absorbing resin has a water-absorbing capacity of less than 10 g / g in physiological saline, the water-absorbing capacity is low, so that it is necessary to use a large amount of the water-absorbing resin, which may not be economical. The water-absorbing ability of the water-absorbent resin in physiological saline according to the present invention means that 1 g of the water-absorbent resin is dispersed in 250 g of physiological saline (0.9% by weight NaCl aqueous solution) in a 500 mL beaker, and gently stirred for 1 hour. Then, the aqueous solution containing the swollen gel was filtered using a 200-mesh wire gauze whose weight Wa (g) was measured in advance, and the angle of the wire gauze with the horizontal was set to about When left at an angle of about 30 degrees for 30 minutes, excess saline is removed from the swollen gel, and the weight Wb (g) of the wire mesh containing the swollen gel is calculated by the following equation. Value.
Water absorption capacity of physiological saline (g / g) = (Wb-Wa) / 1 g of water-absorbing resin
[0030]
The biodegradability of the water absorbent resin of the present invention obtained as described above is 5% or more, preferably 10% or more. When the biodegradability of the water-absorbent resin is less than 5%, the biodegradability is low, so that when the water-absorbent resin after use is disposed of, it is necessary to perform a decomposition treatment, which may not be economical. In addition, the biodegradation rate of the water-absorbent resin in the present invention refers to 8.5 g of anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 21.75 g of anhydrous dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate according to JIS-K6951. 80 mg of a water-absorbent resin was added to 400 mL of a standard test culture solution prepared by dissolving 33.4 g of a product and 0.5 g of ammonium chloride in distilled water to make 1000 mL, and then adding a standard activated sludge (manufactured by Chemicals Evaluation and Research Institute, Japan) ) Was added to a concentration of 30 ppm, and while stirring with a stirrer, the total amount A (mg) of carbon dioxide generated when cultured at 25 ° C. for 28 days was determined. The total amount B (mg) of carbon dioxide generated from the above was similarly obtained, and the calculated value C (mg) of the amount of carbon dioxide generated when the water-absorbent resin was completely decomposed was also obtained. To come, it is a value calculated by the following equation.
Biodegradation rate (%) = (AB) / C × 100
Further, the obtained water-absorbent resin may be granulated into a predetermined shape, and may be in various shapes such as fibrous, irregularly structured crushed, spherical, scale-like, rod-like, and lump-like.
[0031]
Furthermore, the obtained water-absorbent resin may be primary particles, or may be granules of primary particles. The particle size and the granulation method when granulating the water absorbent resin into a predetermined shape are not particularly limited. The water-absorbent resin may be subjected to various processes and modifications in order to improve its water-absorbing properties, for example, the permeability and dispersibility of the aqueous liquid, the rate of water absorption, and the like.
[0032]
The water-absorbent resin of the present invention is used in sanitary fields such as disposable diapers, sanitary products, various cleaning tools, etc .; medical fields such as body fluid absorbing materials during surgical operations and wound protection materials; and sealing materials (water-blocking materials) during shield methods. , Concrete curing materials, gel vesicles, anti-condensation, etc .; civil engineering and construction fields; drip absorbing materials such as meat and fish, and freshness preserving materials such as vegetables, vegetables and other freshness preserving materials, etc .; dehydration to remove water from solvents Industrial fields such as lumber; Agricultural and horticultural fields such as soil water retention materials for planting trees, water retention materials for plant cultivation, seed coating materials, etc .; and oil / water separation materials, waste liquid absorbing materials, vibration damping materials, soundproofing materials, It can be used in various fields such as household goods, toys and artificial snow.
[0033]
Furthermore, in order to improve processability and quality performance of the water-absorbent resin, if necessary, inorganic fine particles such as silica fine particles, fillers such as pulp fibers, activated carbon and iron phthalocyanine derivatives, vegetable essential oils, etc. Deodorant mainly composed of zeolite and the like, and antibacterial agent mainly composed of metals such as silver, copper and zinc, bactericide, fungicide, preservative, deoxidizer (antioxidant) ), A surfactant, a foaming agent, a fragrance and the like may be added. By adding these additives, various functions can be imparted to the water-absorbing article. The amount of the additive depends on the type of the additive, but may be in the range of about 0.01 to 5% by weight based on the water-absorbent resin. The method for adding the additive is not particularly limited.
[0034]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples.
[0035]
Production Example 1
100 g of methanol and 50.0 g (0.45 mol) of 1-cyano-vinyl acetate were charged into a 500 mL five-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a cooling tube, a thermometer and a nitrogen gas injection tube, and stirred at 70 ° C. The dissolved oxygen was driven out by blowing nitrogen gas. Next, 0.18 g (0.0011 mol) of 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile was added, and a polymerization reaction was performed at 70 ° C. for 5 hours.
After completion of the reaction, the product was separated by filtration, washed with 500 g of methanol, and dried under reduced pressure at 60 ° C. for 5 hours to obtain 46.5 g of a polymer.
10 g of the obtained polymer, 80 g of a 5% by weight aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, and 80 g of ethanol were charged into a stainless steel autoclave, and were subjected to a hydrolysis reaction at 140 ° C. and 0.13 MPa for 30 hours.
After completion of the reaction, the product is filtered off, washed with 100 g of methanol, and dried under reduced pressure at 60 ° C. for 5 hours to obtain a polymer containing 100 mol% of a structural unit in which M is a hydrogen atom or a sodium atom in the general formula (1). 8.2 g of the combined product was obtained.
[0036]
Production Example 2
50 g of methanol, 40.0 g (0.36 mol) of 1-cyano-vinyl acetate, 26.0 g of acrylic acid (06.0 g) were placed in a 500 mL five-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a condenser, a thermometer and a nitrogen gas inlet tube. .36 mol), and nitrogen gas was blown in while stirring at 70 ° C. to drive off dissolved oxygen. Next, 0.341 g (0.0021 mol) of 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile was added, and a polymerization reaction was performed at 70 ° C. for 4 hours.
After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was added to 500 mL of ether, the product was separated by filtration, washed with 200 g of ether, and dried under reduced pressure at 60 ° C. for 5 hours to obtain 62.7 g of a polymer.
[0037]
10 g of the obtained polymer and 100 g of a 5% by weight aqueous sodium hydroxide solution were charged into a stainless steel autoclave, and were subjected to a hydrolysis reaction at 100 ° C. and 0.1 MPa for 24 hours.
After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was added to 1000 mL of methanol, and the product was separated by filtration, washed with 200 g of methanol, and dried under reduced pressure at 60 ° C. for 5 hours. In the general formula (1), M represents a hydrogen atom or a sodium atom. 9.5 g of a polymer containing 50 mol% of the following structural unit was obtained.
[0038]
Production Example 3
In a 500 mL five-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a cooling pipe, a thermometer and a nitrogen gas blowing pipe, 50 g of methanol, 15.7 g (0.14 mol) of 1-cyano-vinyl acetate, and 50.0 g of acrylic acid (0 .69 mol), and nitrogen gas was blown in while stirring at 70 ° C. to drive off dissolved oxygen. Next, 0.341 g (0.0021 mol) of 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile was added, and a polymerization reaction was performed at 70 ° C. for 4 hours.
After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was added to 500 mL of ether, and the product was separated by filtration, washed with 200 g of ether, and dried under reduced pressure at 60 ° C. for 5 hours to obtain 62.4 g of a polymer.
[0039]
10 g of the obtained polymer and 100 g of a 5% by weight aqueous sodium hydroxide solution were charged into a stainless steel autoclave, and were subjected to a hydrolysis reaction at 100 ° C. and 0.1 MPa for 24 hours.
After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was added to 1000 mL of methanol, and the product was separated by filtration, washed with 200 g of methanol, and dried under reduced pressure at 60 ° C. for 5 hours. In the general formula (1), M represents a hydrogen atom or a sodium atom. 9.5 g of a polymer containing 17 mol% of the following structural unit was obtained.
[0040]
Production Example 4
50 g of methanol, 10.0 g (0.09 mol) of 1-cyano-vinyl acetate, 56.0 g of acrylic acid (05.0 g) were placed in a 500 mL five-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a condenser, a thermometer and a nitrogen gas inlet tube. .78 mol), and dissolved oxygen was expelled by blowing nitrogen gas while stirring at 70 ° C. Next, 0.341 g (0.0021 mol) of 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile was added, and a polymerization reaction was performed at 70 ° C. for 4 hours.
After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was added to 500 mL of ether, and the product was separated by filtration, washed with 200 g of ether, and dried under reduced pressure at 60 ° C. for 5 hours to obtain 65.0 g of a polymer.
[0041]
10 g of the obtained polymer and 100 g of a 5% by weight aqueous sodium hydroxide solution were charged into a stainless steel autoclave, and were subjected to a hydrolysis reaction at 100 ° C. and 0.1 MPa for 24 hours.
After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was added to 1000 mL of methanol, and the product was separated by filtration, washed with 200 g of methanol, and dried under reduced pressure at 60 ° C. for 5 hours. In the general formula (1), M represents a hydrogen atom or a sodium atom. 9.8 g of a polymer containing 10 mol% of the following structural unit was obtained.
[0042]
Example 1
5 g of the polymer obtained in Production Example 1 and 100 g of water were charged and dissolved in a 500 mL four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a condenser and a thermometer, and then 0.001 g of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether was added. Then, a crosslinking reaction was performed at 80 ° C. for 2 hours.
After completion of the reaction, the resultant was dried with hot air at 120 ° C. to obtain 4.8 g of a water absorbent resin.
[0043]
Example 2
5 g of the polymer obtained in Production Example 2 and 100 g of water were charged and dissolved in a 500 mL four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a condenser tube and a thermometer, and then 0.001 g of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether was added. Then, a crosslinking reaction was performed at 80 ° C. for 2 hours.
After completion of the reaction, the resultant was dried with hot air at 120 ° C. to obtain 4.7 g of a water-absorbing resin.
[0044]
Example 3
5 g of the polymer obtained in Production Example 3 and 100 g of water were charged and dissolved in a 500 mL four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a condenser tube and a thermometer, and 0.001 g of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether was added. Then, a crosslinking reaction was performed at 80 ° C. for 2 hours.
After completion of the reaction, the resultant was dried with hot air at 120 ° C. to obtain 4.8 g of a water absorbent resin.
[0045]
Example 4
5 g of the polymer obtained in Production Example 4 and 100 g of water were charged and dissolved in a 500 mL four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a cooling tube and a thermometer, and then 0.001 g of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether was added. Then, a crosslinking reaction was performed at 80 ° C. for 2 hours.
After completion of the reaction, the resultant was dried with hot air at 120 ° C. to obtain 4.9 g of a water absorbent resin.
[0046]
Comparative Example 1
1150 mL of cyclohexane and 9.0 g of ethyl cellulose were charged into a 2 L five-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a cooling tube, a dropping funnel, a thermometer and a nitrogen gas injection tube, and dissolved oxygen was expelled by blowing nitrogen gas.
Separately from the above, 150 g of acrylic acid was added to a 500 mL Erlenmeyer flask. While cooling from the outside, 265.3 g of a 24.3% by weight aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added dropwise to neutralize acrylic acid, thereby preparing a neutralized product of acrylic acid. Further, 0.5 g of potassium persulfate and 0.25 g of N, N'-methylenebisacrylamide were added, and nitrogen gas was blown in to expel the dissolved oxygen.
[0047]
After the entire amount of the solution in the Erlenmeyer flask was dropped into the five-necked flask at 75 ° C. over 1 hour, the mixture was further reacted at the same temperature for 1 hour.
After completion of the reaction, cyclohexane was distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain a swollen product. The obtained swelled product was dried under reduced pressure at 80 to 100 ° C. to obtain 208 g of a water-absorbent resin.
[0048]
Comparative Example 2
In a 500 mL five-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a cooling tube, a thermometer and a nitrogen gas injection tube, 50 g of corn starch and 300 g of water were charged, and nitrogen gas was blown out to dissolve dissolved oxygen, followed by stirring at 50 ° C. for 1 hour. Then, it cooled to 30 degreeC. Next, 20 g of acrylic acid, 80 g of sodium acrylate, 0.04 g of N, N'-methylenebisacrylamide, 0.1 g of ammonium persulfate, and 0.01 g of sodium bisulfite were added and reacted at 75 ° C. for 4 hours.
After completion of the reaction, the resultant was dried with hot air at 120 ° C. to obtain 145 g of a water absorbent resin.
[0049]
(Evaluation)
The water absorbing ability and biodegradability of the water-absorbent resins obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples with respect to physiological saline were measured by the following methods.
[0050]
(1) Water absorption capacity for physiological saline
1 g of the water-absorbent resin was dispersed in 250 g of physiological saline (0.9 wt% aqueous NaCl solution) in a 500 mL beaker, and swelled sufficiently by gentle stirring for 1 hour. Next, the aqueous solution containing the swollen gel was filtered using a 200-mesh wire net whose weight Wa (g) was measured in advance, and the wire mesh was inclined so that the angle formed with the horizontal was about 30 degrees. The mixture was allowed to stand for 30 minutes, and excess saline was removed from the swollen gel. The weight Wb (g) of the wire mesh containing the swollen gel was measured, and the water absorption capacity (g / g) with respect to physiological saline was determined by the following equation. The results are shown in Table 1. In addition, when the water absorption capacity with respect to physiological saline is 10 g / g or more, it can be determined that the water absorption capacity is high.
Water absorption capacity of physiological saline (g / g) = (Wb-Wa) / 1 g of water-absorbing resin
[0051]
(2) Biodegradation rate
According to JIS-K6951, 8.5 g of anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 21.75 g of anhydrous dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 33.4 g of disodium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate, and 0.5 g of ammonium chloride are dissolved in distilled water. 80 mg of a water-absorbent resin was added to 400 mL of the standard test culture solution that had been adjusted to 1000 mL, and then standard activated sludge (manufactured by Chemicals Evaluation and Research Institute) was added so as to have a concentration of 30 ppm. This culture was cultured at 25 ° C. for 28 days while stirring with a stirrer. The amount of carbon dioxide generated during the period was measured periodically, and the total amount A (mg) of generated carbon dioxide was determined. In addition, the total amount B (mg) of carbon dioxide generated from the culture solution to which no water-absorbing resin was added was similarly obtained. Further, from the calculated value C (mg) of the amount of carbon dioxide generated when the water-absorbent resin was completely decomposed, the biodegradation rate (%) was calculated by the following equation. The results are shown in Table 1. If the biodegradability is 5% or more, it can be determined that the biodegradability is high.
Biodegradation rate (%) = (AB) / C × 100
[0052]
[Table 1]
[0053]
From Table 1, it can be seen that the water-absorbent resins of Examples have excellent water-absorbing ability and excellent biodegradability because the water absorption of physiological saline is 10 g / g or more and the biodegradability is 5% or more. Can be determined.
[0054]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, a water-absorbing resin having excellent water-absorbing ability and excellent biodegradability can be provided.
Claims (6)
で表される構造単位を含む重合体を、架橋することによって得られる吸水性樹脂。The following general formula (1);
A water-absorbent resin obtained by crosslinking a polymer containing a structural unit represented by the formula:
で表される構造単位を含む重合体が、1−シアノ−ビニルアセテートを必須成分とする単量体を重合させた後、加水分解して得られたものである請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の吸水性樹脂。The following general formula (1);
The polymer containing a structural unit represented by is obtained by polymerizing a monomer having 1-cyano-vinyl acetate as an essential component, and then hydrolyzing it. 2. The water-absorbing resin according to item 1.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002171833A JP2004018565A (en) | 2002-06-12 | 2002-06-12 | Water absorbing resin |
| TW92115782A TW200307695A (en) | 2002-06-12 | 2003-06-11 | Water-absorption resin |
| PCT/JP2003/007458 WO2003106513A1 (en) | 2002-06-12 | 2003-06-12 | Water-absorbing resin |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002171833A JP2004018565A (en) | 2002-06-12 | 2002-06-12 | Water absorbing resin |
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| JP2004018565A true JP2004018565A (en) | 2004-01-22 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| JP2002171833A Pending JP2004018565A (en) | 2002-06-12 | 2002-06-12 | Water absorbing resin |
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| Country | Link |
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| JP (1) | JP2004018565A (en) |
| TW (1) | TW200307695A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2003106513A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006109844A1 (en) * | 2005-04-06 | 2006-10-19 | Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd. | Particulate water absorbing agent, water-absorbent core and absorbing article |
| EP1834997A1 (en) * | 2006-03-15 | 2007-09-19 | FUJIFILM Corporation | Ink-jet recording ink set and ink-jet recording method |
| JP2019184569A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2019-10-24 | 住友化学株式会社 | Method of evaluating degradability of chemical substance, and test container and oxygen consumption amount measurement device used for the same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US11401357B2 (en) | 2017-10-12 | 2022-08-02 | Sumitomo Seika Chemicals Co., Ltd. | Water-absorbent resin and absorbent article |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS559617A (en) * | 1978-07-05 | 1980-01-23 | Nissan Chem Ind Ltd | Preparation of cross-linked water absorbing resin |
| JP3016879B2 (en) * | 1991-01-31 | 2000-03-06 | 株式会社日本触媒 | Method for producing superabsorbent resin |
| JP2001106795A (en) * | 1999-10-08 | 2001-04-17 | Daiso Co Ltd | N-(polyallyl)ammonium salt-based cross-linking agent |
| JP2001122922A (en) * | 1999-10-08 | 2001-05-08 | Daiso Co Ltd | Crosslinking agent based on hydroxypolyallyl ether |
| JP2001114840A (en) * | 1999-10-21 | 2001-04-24 | Daiso Co Ltd | Hydrophilic allyl compound-based cross-linking agent |
| ATE360664T1 (en) * | 1999-10-21 | 2007-05-15 | Daiso Co Ltd | CROSSLINKING AGENT BASED ON A POLYALLYL ETHER COMPOUND |
| JP2001270850A (en) * | 2000-03-23 | 2001-10-02 | Daiso Co Ltd | Allyloxyalkylamine derivative and method for producing polymer using the same as crosslinking agent |
-
2002
- 2002-06-12 JP JP2002171833A patent/JP2004018565A/en active Pending
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- 2003-06-11 TW TW92115782A patent/TW200307695A/en unknown
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006109844A1 (en) * | 2005-04-06 | 2006-10-19 | Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd. | Particulate water absorbing agent, water-absorbent core and absorbing article |
| US7745537B2 (en) | 2005-04-06 | 2010-06-29 | Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd. | Particulate water absorbing agent, water-absorbent core and absorbing article |
| EP1834997A1 (en) * | 2006-03-15 | 2007-09-19 | FUJIFILM Corporation | Ink-jet recording ink set and ink-jet recording method |
| US8061830B2 (en) | 2006-03-15 | 2011-11-22 | Fujifilm Corporation | Ink-jet recording ink set and ink-jet recording method |
| JP2019184569A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2019-10-24 | 住友化学株式会社 | Method of evaluating degradability of chemical substance, and test container and oxygen consumption amount measurement device used for the same |
| JP7360240B2 (en) | 2018-03-30 | 2023-10-12 | 住友化学株式会社 | Method for evaluating the degradability of chemical substances, and test containers and oxygen consumption measurement devices used in the method |
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| TW200307695A (en) | 2003-12-16 |
| WO2003106513A1 (en) | 2003-12-24 |
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