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JP2004010925A - High wear resistant sintered material - Google Patents

High wear resistant sintered material Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004010925A
JP2004010925A JP2002163343A JP2002163343A JP2004010925A JP 2004010925 A JP2004010925 A JP 2004010925A JP 2002163343 A JP2002163343 A JP 2002163343A JP 2002163343 A JP2002163343 A JP 2002163343A JP 2004010925 A JP2004010925 A JP 2004010925A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
resistant sintered
sintered material
wear resistant
high wear
weight
Prior art date
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Pending
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JP2002163343A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Masaki Kobayashi
小林 正樹
Nobuo Hojo
北條 伸夫
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tungaloy Corp
Original Assignee
Toshiba Tungaloy Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2002163343A priority Critical patent/JP2004010925A/en
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Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the following problem: conventional hard sintered materials or ceramics are inferior in wear resistance, particularly erosive wear resistance, because they are inferior in either of hardness and toughness or have trouble with respect to corrosion resistance, heat resistance, oxidation resistance, etc. <P>SOLUTION: The sintered compact which consists of a compound carbonitride with a specific composition range consisting of tungsten carbide, titanium carbide and titanium nitride and a small amount of iron-group metal has high hardness and high toughness and also has erosive wear resistance in particular. By using the compound carbide and compound carbonitride for raw material powder, the dense and fine high wear resistant sintered compact can be easily obtained. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、高硬度、高靱性を備えた高耐摩耗性焼結体に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般に、耐アブレージョン摩耗性や耐エロージョン摩耗性を必要とする耐摩耗性部品には、超硬合金では金属結合相成分の少ない高硬度のものが、セラミックスでは安価なアルミナ、高硬度の炭化ケイ素,炭化ホウ素、比較的高い靱性を持つ窒化ケイ素などが使用されている。ここで、各種硬質材料のエロージョン摩耗に関し、硬さと破壊靱性値が共に高いほど摩耗体積が少ないことが知られており、硬さと靱性の相反する性質を両立させる必要がある。また、超硬合金では、靱性に優れるものの耐食性,耐酸化性に劣るという問題がある。
【0003】
これらの問題を解決しようとした先行技術の代表的なものに、超硬合金では特開平5−33098号公報,特開平5−59481号公報,特開平9−25535号公報など,セラミックスでは特開2001−219099号公報など、多数が提案されている。
【0004】
超硬合金に関する先行技術の内、特開平5−33098号公報には、MoC:2〜20重量%、Cr,VC,NbC,TaC,TiC,ZrC,HfCの内の1種又は2種以上:0.2〜2重量%、Co,Ni,Feの内の1種又は2種以上:1重量%以下、残りがWCからなる超硬質合金が記載されている。また、特開平5−59481号公報には、粒径2μm以下のWCを主体とし、Mo又はMoC、及びVCを含有してなる硬質相と、Coを主体とする結合相とからなり、焼結後の合金組成が、0.2〜1.0重量%Co、2.0〜7.0重量%Mo又はMoC、0.2〜0.6重量%VC、残部がWCからなる高硬度超硬合金が記載されている。さらに、特開平9−25535号公報には、Fe,Co,Niの1種又は2種以上が0.02〜0.10重量%、周期律表第4a,5a,6a族の遷移金属の炭化物,窒化物及び炭窒化物の1種又は2種以上が0.3〜3.0重量%含有され、残りが平均粒子径0.5μm以下の炭化タングステンで構成され、かつ炭化タングステンはWC/(WC+WC)が0.01〜0.15の範囲でなる焼結硬質材が記載されている。
【0005】
これらの公報に記載された硬質焼結材は、いずれも硬質相としてWCが主成分となっている。そのため、強度・靱性面では十分なものの、硬さ(耐摩耗性)が不十分であると共に、腐食性あるいは高温・酸化性など雰囲気では異常摩耗を起こすという問題がある。
【0006】
セラミックスに関する先行技術として、特開2001−219099号公報には、アルミナ質,窒化珪素質,炭化珪素質など緻密質でビッカース硬度が8GPa以上のセラミックスノズルが記載されている。同公報記載のセラミックスノズルは、耐食性,耐熱性,耐酸化性には優れるものの、靱性が著しく低いために衝撃力の強い用途では却って摩耗が増加するという問題がある。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、上記の様な問題を解決することを課題とし、従来材料よりも硬さと靱性のバランスが良く、かつ耐食性,耐熱性,耐酸化性なども兼備した材料で、耐摩耗性、特に耐エロージョン摩耗性に優れた高耐摩耗性焼結材の提供を目的とするものである。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、長年に亘り、硬質焼結合金の硬さと靱性の同時向上および耐食性,耐酸化性の改善について検討していた所、炭化タングステンと炭化チタンと窒化チタンとからなる特定組成範囲の複合炭窒化物と少量の鉄族金属からなる焼結体が耐エロージョン摩耗性に優れ、またその製造方法は、原料粉末としてタングステンとチタンの複合炭化物とチタンの炭窒化物とを用いると、焼結性に優れるために低温焼結により緻密で微細・均一な組織の高耐摩耗性焼結体が得られるという知見を得て、本発明を完成するに至ったものである。
【0009】
すなわち、本発明の高耐摩耗性焼結材は、0.1〜5.0重量%の鉄族金属及びクロムの中の少なくとも一種を主成分とする結合相と、残りが20〜50重量%の炭化タングステン,15〜45重量%の窒化チタン,15〜45重量%の炭化チタンからなる硬質相とで構成される高耐摩耗性焼結体である。
【0010】
本発明の高耐摩耗性焼結材における結合相は、具体的には、Co,Ni,Fe,Cr,Ni−Cr合金,Co−Ni−W−Cr合金,Fe−Ni−Co−W−Cr−Mo合金などを挙げることができる。結合相量が0.1重量%未満では、焼結困難なために多量の気孔が残留して強度・靱性とも低く、逆に5.0重量%を超えて多くなると、硬さ低下による摩耗が増大するために、結合相量を0.1〜5.0重量%と定めた。ここで、結合相成分は、混合粉末の作製時に混入する0.1〜0.5重量%のステンレスや超硬合金中のコバルトであっても良い。
【0011】
本発明の高耐摩耗性焼結材における硬質相は、具体的には、(W,Ti)(C,N)で表される複合炭窒化物の固溶体、あるいは上記固溶体と遊離WCとからなり、硬質相の組成は炭化タングステン:20〜50重量%,窒化チタン:15〜45重量%,炭化チタン:15〜45重量%を満足するものである。硬質相の組成に関して、炭化タングステン量が20重量%未満,窒化チタン量が15重量%未満,炭化チタン量が45重量%を超過すると、それぞれ靱性が低下し、逆に炭化タングステン量が50重量%を超過,窒化チタン量が45重量%を超過,炭化チタン量が15重量%未満では、それぞれ硬さが低下する。
【0012】
また、本発明における硬質相は、その10重量%以下がバナジウム,クロム,モリブデンの炭化物,窒化物の中の少なくとも一種により置換し、具体的には、(W,Ti,V)(C,N)、(W,Ti,Mo)(C,N)、(W,Ti,Cr)(C,N)などの複合炭窒化物の固溶体を形成させると、焼結性が向上するだけではなく、硬さ、耐食性、耐酸化性、靱性などの特性も改善できる。バナジウムは硬さを、クロムは耐食性,耐酸化性を,モリブデンは靱性,耐食性を、それぞれ改善するので好ましい。
【0013】
さらに、本発明における硬質相の粒度は、平均粒子径が2.0μm以下であると、硬さと強度が向上するので好ましい。
【0014】
本発明の高耐摩耗性焼結体は、高耐摩耗性焼結体の表面から内部に向かって、結合相量が漸次増加し、かつ硬さが漸次減少していると、使用条件によっては耐摩耗性,耐食性,耐酸化性などに優れる場合があるので好ましい。本発明の高耐摩耗性焼結体において、この様な結合相と硬さの変化(傾斜化)は、焼結時の雰囲気圧力を低く(真空焼結)することによって容易に起こる。
【0015】
また、本発明の高耐摩耗性焼結体は、マイクロビッカース硬さ:HV(0.2)が2,000以上、破壊靱性値:K1Cが5.0以上、かつ気孔量が0.5体積%以下であると、良好な耐摩耗性、特に耐エロージョン摩耗性を示すので好ましい。ここで、マイクロビッカース硬さ:HV(0.2)を2,000以上、破壊靱性値:K1Cを5.0以上、気孔量を0.5体積%以下とした理由は、これらの値を外れると急激に摩耗量(特にエロージョン摩耗)が増大するためである。
【0016】
本発明の高耐摩耗性焼結材の表面に、0.5〜20μmの厚みでなるマイクロビッカース硬さが2000以上の硬質膜を被覆すると耐摩耗性、特に耐エロージョン摩耗性が著しく改善される場合があるので好ましい。具体的には、CVD及びPVD法により作製されるTiCN,TiC,(Ti,Al)N,TiB,SiC,BC,ダイヤモンド,硬質炭素(DLC)などで、かつ密着性の良好な被膜を挙げることができる。
【0017】
本発明の高耐摩耗性焼結材は、各種組成の粉末を出発原料とした粉末冶金法によって製造される。
【0018】
その中でも、鉄族金属,クロム粉末と、タングステンとチタンの複合炭化物粉末と、チタンの炭窒化物粉末と、場合によってはバナジウム,クロム,モリブデンの炭化物粉末とを配合・混合・粉砕した後に加圧成形し、非酸化性雰囲気あるいは真空中で1300〜1700℃に加熱焼結するという製造方法は、焼結性が向上すると共に焼結時の分解反応によって微細な硬質粒子が再析出して硬度を高めるため好ましい。
【0019】
この製造方法における原料粉末は2.0μm以下であることが好ましく、混合・粉砕を十分に行う必要がある。また、焼結方法としてはガス加圧焼結法,熱間静水圧焼結法(HIP),ホットプレス焼結法などがあり、焼結条件としては緻密で最も微細な組織が得られる温度,圧力,雰囲気が好ましい。特に、表面部の硬さを高める(結合相量を低減する)には、圧力を低くすれば良い。
【0020】
本発明の高耐摩耗性焼結材の用途としては、耐摩耗工具、耐摩耗部品、耐衝撃用工具、耐食性部品などが挙げられるが、その中でもブラスト処理ノズルや治具などの耐アブレッシブ摩耗性用部材、ウォータージェット用ノズル、燃焼灰含む高温・高圧ガスの減圧バルブなどの耐エロージョン摩耗用部材、高温あるいは腐食性雰囲気で使用する軸受け部品などの耐しゅう動摩耗性用部材などに本発明品を用いると寿命延長などの効果が高く好ましい。
【0021】
【作用】
本発明の高耐摩耗性焼結材は、炭化タングステンと炭化チタンと窒化チタンとからなる特定組成範囲の複合炭窒化物が硬さと靱性の両方を改善すると共に耐食性や耐酸化性を確保する作用をし、少量の鉄族金属が靱性の向上と共に焼結性を改善する作用により、緻密な高耐摩耗性焼結体が得られ、その結果として耐摩耗性、特に耐エロージョン摩耗性を向上させる効果を発揮するものである。
【0022】
【実施例1】
市販されている平均粒子径が1.0〜1.5μmの(WTi)Cの複合炭化物(重量比でWC/TiC=70/30),3種のTiCN[重量比でTiC/TiN=70/30,50/50,30/70で、それぞれTiCN(7/3),TiCN(5/5),TiCN(3/7)と表記する],Co,Ni,MoC,VC,Cr,TiN,TiC,WC,TaC,NbC及び0.5μmのWCの各粉末を用い、表1に示した配合組成に秤量し、ステンレス製ポットにアセトン溶媒と超硬合金製ボールと共に挿入して72時間混合粉砕後、乾燥しながら4.0重量%のパラフィンワックスを添加して混合粉末を得た。
【0023】
これらの混合粉末を金型に充填し、196.1MPaの圧力でもって約5.5×9.5×29mmの圧粉成形体を作製し、アルミナとカーボン繊維からなるシート上に設置して焼結炉に挿入した。そして、400℃で10Paの真空中で加熱してパラフィンワックスを除去し、1100℃まで昇温した後、表1に併記した雰囲気中と焼結温度でもって1時間加熱保持して、本発明品1〜11及び比較品1〜11を得た。また、焼結後に150MPaのAr中、1500℃で1時間の熱間静水圧処理を行った場合は、表1中に+HIPと記載した。
【0024】
【表1】

Figure 2004010925
【0025】
こうして得た本発明品1〜11及び比較品1〜11の各焼結体について、特定面(約8.5×26mm面の片方)の取りしろが約0.2mmとなるように調整しながら、#400のダイヤモンド砥石で湿式研削加工し、4.0×8.0×25.0mmの形状に作製し、JIS法による抗折力を測定して、その結果を表2に示した。また、同試料の特定面を0.5μmのダイヤモンドペーストでラップ加工した後、マイクロビッカース硬さ:HV(試験荷重は1.96N)および破壊靱性値:K1C(ビッカース圧子を用いて試験荷重が98.07NであるIM法)を測定し、その結果を表2に併記した。
【0026】
【表2】
Figure 2004010925
注) 内部の硬さと結合相量は、表中の( )内に示す。
【0027】
さらに、各試料のラップ面について光学顕微鏡による観察とX線回折により硬質相の種類を確認した後、電子顕微鏡による組織写真を画像処理して硬質相の平均粒径と気孔量を求め、また、EPMAにより金属結合相量を測定した。その結果を表2に併記した。尚、本発明品8,11については試験片を切断、研削、ラップ仕上げした後、中心部(特定面より2mm内部)の結合相量とマイクロビッカース硬さも測定し、表2に併記した。
【0028】
【実施例2】
実施例1で得られた4.0×8.0×25.0mmの試験片の内、本発明品1,2,3,6,7,9,11、比較品1,2,3,6,8,9,10,11及び同様の試験片形状に研削加工した市販のセラミックス(組成,粒子径,硬さ,破壊靱性値を表3の備考欄に併記)を用いてサンドブラストによる摩耗試験を実施した。ブラスト条件は、使用面:8.0×25.0mm,砥粒:400#,噴射圧:1.1Mpa,入射角度:60°,噴射時間:5分である。ブラストによる摩耗体積を重量減/密度から求め、結果を表3に示す。
【0029】
【表3】
Figure 2004010925
【0030】
【実施例3】
まず、実施例1で得られた本発明品2,9、比較品1,9の混合粉末から実施例1と同様な条件でφ6.0mm×50.0mmの丸棒を作製した。また、実施例2で用いたセラミックスの中から窒化ケイ素セラミックスを選定(強度と耐酸化性を考慮)し、丸棒を用意した。そして、これら丸棒を石炭燃焼炉ガスの圧力調用バルブのニードル部品に研削加工した後、バルブに組み込んで、燃焼灰による高温でのエロージョン摩耗試験を行った。所定時間の運転後に分解し、ニードル部品先端の摩耗量と損傷状態を調べた結果を表4に示す。ここで、本発明品2と比較品9については、CVD法で4.5μmのTiCN膜を被覆したニードル部品も作製して試験した。
【0031】
【表4】
Figure 2004010925
【0032】
【発明の効果】
本発明品は、従来技術による比較品あるいは市販セラミックスに比べ、優れた特性と性能を有する。実施例1では、本発明品が高強度で緻密、かつ高い硬度と靱性をバランス良く持つことを支持しており、また実施例2では、サンドブラストによる耐エロージョン摩耗性が優れることを示し、さらに実施例3では、高温・腐食環境下での耐エロージョン摩耗性にも優れるという効果を有する。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a high wear resistant sintered body having high hardness and high toughness.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Generally, wear-resistant parts that require abrasion wear resistance or erosion wear resistance include high-hardness cemented carbides that have a low metal binder phase component, low-priced alumina for ceramics, high-hardness silicon carbide, Boron carbide, silicon nitride having relatively high toughness, and the like are used. Here, regarding the erosion wear of various hard materials, it is known that as both the hardness and the fracture toughness value are higher, the wear volume is smaller, and it is necessary to balance the contradictory properties of hardness and toughness. In addition, cemented carbide has a problem that it has excellent toughness but is inferior in corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance.
[0003]
Representative examples of the prior art which have attempted to solve these problems include, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 5-33098, 5-59481, and 9-25535 for cemented carbide, and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-25535 for ceramics. Many have been proposed, such as 2001-219099.
[0004]
Among the prior arts relating to cemented carbides, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-33098 discloses that Mo 2 C: 2 to 20% by weight, one of Cr 3 C 2 , VC, NbC, TaC, TiC, ZrC, and HfC. Or, two or more: 0.2 to 2% by weight, one or more of Co, Ni, Fe: 1% by weight or less, and a super hard alloy consisting of WC is described. Further, JP-A-5-59481 discloses that a hard phase mainly composed of WC having a particle size of 2 μm or less and containing Mo or Mo 2 C and VC, and a binder phase mainly composed of Co, alloy composition after sintering, 0.2 to 1.0 wt% Co, 2.0 to 7.0 wt% Mo or Mo 2 C, 0.2 to 0.6 wt% VC, the balance being WC High hardness cemented carbides are described. Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-25535 discloses that one or more of Fe, Co, and Ni are 0.02 to 0.10% by weight, and are carbides of transition metals of Groups 4a, 5a, and 6a of the periodic table. , Nitride and / or carbonitride are contained in an amount of 0.3 to 3.0% by weight, and the remainder is made of tungsten carbide having an average particle diameter of 0.5 μm or less, and the tungsten carbide is made of W 2 C A sintered hard material in which // (W 2 C + WC) is in the range of 0.01 to 0.15 is described.
[0005]
In each of the hard sintered materials described in these publications, WC is a main component as a hard phase. Therefore, although sufficient in strength and toughness, there is a problem that hardness (wear resistance) is insufficient and abnormal wear occurs in an atmosphere such as corrosive or high temperature / oxidative.
[0006]
As a prior art related to ceramics, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-219099 describes a ceramic nozzle having a dense Vickers hardness of 8 GPa or more, such as alumina, silicon nitride, and silicon carbide. Although the ceramic nozzle described in the publication is excellent in corrosion resistance, heat resistance and oxidation resistance, it has a problem in that wear is rather increased in applications having a strong impact force due to extremely low toughness.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and is a material having a better balance of hardness and toughness than conventional materials and also having corrosion resistance, heat resistance, oxidation resistance, etc. It is an object of the present invention to provide a high wear resistant sintered material having excellent erosion wear resistance.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have been studying the simultaneous improvement of hardness and toughness, and the improvement of corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance of a hard sintered alloy for many years, and found that a specific composition range of tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, and titanium nitride. A sintered body composed of a composite carbonitride and a small amount of iron group metal is excellent in erosion wear resistance, and its production method uses a composite carbide of tungsten and titanium and a carbonitride of titanium as raw material powders. The present inventors have found that a high wear-resistant sintered body having a dense, fine and uniform structure can be obtained by low-temperature sintering due to excellent sinterability, and have completed the present invention.
[0009]
That is, the high wear resistant sintered material of the present invention comprises 0.1 to 5.0% by weight of a binder phase containing at least one of iron group metal and chromium as a main component, and the remaining 20 to 50% by weight. And a hard phase comprising 15 to 45% by weight of titanium nitride and 15 to 45% by weight of titanium carbide.
[0010]
Specific examples of the binder phase in the high wear resistant sintered material of the present invention include Co, Ni, Fe, Cr, Ni-Cr alloy, Co-Ni-W-Cr alloy, and Fe-Ni-Co-W-. A Cr-Mo alloy can be used. If the amount of the binder phase is less than 0.1% by weight, sintering is difficult, so that a large amount of pores remain, and the strength and toughness are low. To increase, the amount of binder phase was determined to be 0.1-5.0% by weight. Here, the binder phase component may be 0.1 to 0.5% by weight of cobalt in a stainless steel or cemented carbide mixed at the time of preparing the mixed powder.
[0011]
The hard phase in the high wear-resistant sintered material of the present invention is, specifically, a solid solution of a composite carbonitride represented by (W, Ti) (C, N), or the solid solution and free WC. The composition of the hard phase satisfies 20 to 50% by weight of tungsten carbide, 15 to 45% by weight of titanium nitride, and 15 to 45% by weight of titanium carbide. With respect to the composition of the hard phase, when the amount of tungsten carbide is less than 20% by weight, the amount of titanium nitride is less than 15% by weight, and the amount of titanium carbide exceeds 45% by weight, the toughness decreases, and conversely, the amount of tungsten carbide becomes 50% by weight. , The amount of titanium nitride exceeds 45% by weight, and the amount of titanium carbide is less than 15% by weight, the hardness decreases.
[0012]
In the hard phase of the present invention, 10% by weight or less of the hard phase is replaced by at least one of carbides and nitrides of vanadium, chromium, and molybdenum. Specifically, (W, Ti, V) (C, N ), (W, Ti, Mo) (C, N), (W, Ti, Cr) (C, N) and the like to form a solid solution of a complex carbonitride not only improves the sinterability, Properties such as hardness, corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, and toughness can also be improved. Vanadium is preferable because it improves hardness, chromium improves corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance, and molybdenum improves toughness and corrosion resistance.
[0013]
Further, the particle size of the hard phase in the present invention is preferably such that the average particle size is 2.0 μm or less, since hardness and strength are improved.
[0014]
The high wear-resistant sintered body of the present invention may have a binder phase amount that gradually increases from the surface toward the inside of the high wear-resistance sintered body, and that the hardness gradually decreases. It is preferable because it may be excellent in wear resistance, corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance and the like. In the highly wear-resistant sintered body of the present invention, such a change in the binder phase and hardness (gradation) easily occurs by lowering the atmospheric pressure during sintering (vacuum sintering).
[0015]
Further, the high wear-resistant sintered body of the present invention has a micro Vickers hardness: HV (0.2) of 2,000 or more, a fracture toughness: K1C of 5.0 or more, and a pore volume of 0.5 volume. % Or less is preferable because of exhibiting good wear resistance, particularly erosion wear resistance. Here, the micro Vickers hardness: HV (0.2) is 2,000 or more, the fracture toughness: K1C is 5.0 or more, and the porosity is 0.5 volume% or less. This is because the amount of wear (especially erosion wear) increases rapidly.
[0016]
When the surface of the high wear resistant sintered material of the present invention is coated with a hard film having a micro Vickers hardness of 2000 or more having a thickness of 0.5 to 20 μm, wear resistance, particularly erosion wear resistance, is remarkably improved. It is preferable because there are cases where it is possible. Specifically, a coating film having good adhesion, such as TiCN, TiC, (Ti, Al) N, TiB 2 , SiC, B 4 C, diamond, hard carbon (DLC), etc., produced by CVD and PVD methods Can be mentioned.
[0017]
The high wear resistant sintered material of the present invention is manufactured by powder metallurgy using powders of various compositions as starting materials.
[0018]
Among them, iron group metal, chromium powder, tungsten and titanium composite carbide powder, titanium carbonitride powder, and in some cases, vanadium, chromium, and molybdenum carbide powder are blended, mixed, pulverized, and then pressurized. The manufacturing method of forming and heating and sintering at 1300 to 1700 ° C. in a non-oxidizing atmosphere or in a vacuum improves the sinterability and re-precipitates fine hard particles by the decomposition reaction during sintering to increase the hardness. It is preferable to increase.
[0019]
The raw material powder in this production method is preferably 2.0 μm or less, and it is necessary to sufficiently mix and pulverize. Sintering methods include gas pressure sintering, hot isostatic sintering (HIP), and hot press sintering. Sintering conditions include a temperature at which a dense and finest structure can be obtained, Pressure and atmosphere are preferable. In particular, in order to increase the hardness of the surface portion (reduce the amount of the binder phase), the pressure may be reduced.
[0020]
Applications of the high wear resistant sintered material of the present invention include wear resistant tools, wear resistant parts, impact resistant tools, corrosion resistant parts, and the like. Among them, abrasive wear resistant parts such as blast nozzles and jigs are used. Abrasion-resistant materials such as nozzles for water jet nozzles, pressure reducing valves for high-temperature and high-pressure gas containing combustion ash, and sliding wear-resistant materials such as bearing parts used in high-temperature or corrosive atmospheres. The use of is preferred because the effect of extending the life is high.
[0021]
[Action]
The high wear-resistant sintered material of the present invention is characterized in that a composite carbonitride having a specific composition range of tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, and titanium nitride improves both hardness and toughness and acts to secure corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance. A small amount of iron group metal improves the toughness and improves the sinterability, resulting in a dense, high wear-resistant sintered body. As a result, the wear resistance, especially the erosion wear resistance, is improved. It is effective.
[0022]
Embodiment 1
Commercially available (WTi) C composite carbide (WC / TiC = 70/30 by weight ratio) having an average particle diameter of 1.0 to 1.5 μm, three kinds of TiCN [TiC / TiN = 70 / weight ratio] 30, 50/50, and 30/70, which are respectively referred to as TiCN (7/3), TiCN (5/5), and TiCN (3/7)], Co, Ni, Mo 2 C, VC, and Cr 3 C. 2 , each powder of TiN, TiC, W 2 C, TaC, NbC and 0.5 μm WC was weighed to the composition shown in Table 1, and inserted into a stainless steel pot together with an acetone solvent and a cemented carbide ball. After mixing and grinding for 72 hours, 4.0% by weight of paraffin wax was added while drying to obtain a mixed powder.
[0023]
The mixed powder is filled in a mold, and a green compact of about 5.5 × 9.5 × 29 mm 3 is produced under a pressure of 196.1 MPa, and is placed on a sheet made of alumina and carbon fiber. It was inserted into a sintering furnace. Then, the paraffin wax was removed by heating at 400 ° C. in a vacuum of 10 Pa, and the temperature was raised to 1100 ° C., followed by heating and holding for 1 hour in the atmosphere described in Table 1 and the sintering temperature. 1 to 11 and comparative products 1 to 11 were obtained. In addition, when hot isostatic pressure treatment was performed at 1500 ° C. for 1 hour in 150 MPa Ar after sintering, + HIP was described in Table 1.
[0024]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004010925
[0025]
With respect to the sintered bodies of the inventive products 1 to 11 and the comparative products 1 to 11 thus obtained, while adjusting the clearance of the specific surface (one of the approximately 8.5 × 26 mm surfaces) to be approximately 0.2 mm. , And # 400 diamond grindstone to form a shape of 4.0 × 8.0 × 25.0 mm 3 , and measured the bending strength by the JIS method. The results are shown in Table 2. After lapping a specific surface of the same sample with a 0.5 μm diamond paste, the micro Vickers hardness: HV (test load: 1.96 N) and the fracture toughness: K1C (test load using a Vickers indenter: 98 0.07N) and the results are shown in Table 2.
[0026]
[Table 2]
Figure 2004010925
Note) The internal hardness and the amount of binder phase are shown in parentheses in the table.
[0027]
Further, after confirming the type of hard phase by observation with an optical microscope and X-ray diffraction on the lap surface of each sample, image processing of a structure photograph by an electron microscope to determine the average particle size and porosity of the hard phase, The amount of the metal binding phase was measured by EPMA. The results are shown in Table 2. After cutting, grinding and lapping the test pieces of the products 8 and 11 of the present invention, the amount of the binder phase and the micro-Vickers hardness at the center (inside of 2 mm from the specific surface) were also measured.
[0028]
Embodiment 2
Of the 4.0 × 8.0 × 25.0 mm 3 test pieces obtained in Example 1, the present invention products 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 9, 11 and the comparative products 1, 2, 3, Abrasion test by sandblasting using commercially available ceramics (composition, particle size, hardness, and fracture toughness are described in the remarks column of Table 3) ground to 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, and similar test specimen shapes Was carried out. The blast conditions are as follows: use surface: 8.0 × 25.0 mm 2 , abrasive grains: 400 #, injection pressure: 1.1 Mpa, incident angle: 60 °, injection time: 5 minutes. The wear volume due to the blast was determined from the weight loss / density, and the results are shown in Table 3.
[0029]
[Table 3]
Figure 2004010925
[0030]
Embodiment 3
First, a round bar of φ6.0 mm × 50.0 mm was produced from the mixed powder of the products 2 and 9 of the present invention and the comparative products 1 and 9 obtained in Example 1 under the same conditions as in Example 1. A round bar was prepared by selecting silicon nitride ceramics from the ceramics used in Example 2 (in consideration of strength and oxidation resistance). Then, these round bars were ground into needle parts of a pressure regulating valve for a coal combustion furnace gas, then assembled into the valve, and subjected to a high-temperature erosion wear test using combustion ash. Table 4 shows the results of examining the amount of wear and damage at the tip of the needle part after disassembly after a predetermined time of operation. Here, with respect to the product 2 of the present invention and the comparative product 9, a needle part coated with a 4.5 μm TiCN film by the CVD method was also prepared and tested.
[0031]
[Table 4]
Figure 2004010925
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
The product of the present invention has superior properties and performance as compared with a comparative product according to the prior art or a commercially available ceramic. Example 1 supports that the product of the present invention has high strength, denseness, and high balance between hardness and toughness. Example 2 shows that the erosion wear resistance by sandblasting is excellent. Example 3 has an effect of being excellent in erosion wear resistance under a high-temperature and corrosive environment.

Claims (8)

0.1〜5.0重量%の鉄族金属及びクロムの中の少なくとも一種を主成分とする結合相と、残りが20〜50重量%の炭化タングステン,15〜45重量%の窒化チタン,15〜45重量%の炭化チタンからなる硬質相とで構成される焼結体であることを特徴とする高耐摩耗性焼結材。0.1 to 5.0% by weight of a binder phase containing at least one of iron group metal and chromium as main components, the balance being 20 to 50% by weight of tungsten carbide, 15 to 45% by weight of titanium nitride, 15 A highly wear-resistant sintered material characterized by being a sintered body composed of a hard phase composed of about 45% by weight of titanium carbide. 上記硬質相の10重量%以下が、バナジウム,クロム,モリブデンの炭化物,窒化物の中の少なくとも一種からなることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の高耐摩耗性焼結材。The high wear resistant sintered material according to claim 1, wherein 10% by weight or less of the hard phase is made of at least one of carbides and nitrides of vanadium, chromium, and molybdenum. 上記硬質相は、炭化タングステン、炭化チタン、窒化チタン、バナジウム,クロム,モリブデンの炭化物,窒化物の中の少なくとも2種以上からなる固溶体、または該固溶体と炭化タングステンからなることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の高耐摩耗性焼結材。The said hard phase is a solid solution which consists of at least 2 or more types of carbides and nitrides of tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, titanium nitride, vanadium, chromium and molybdenum, or consists of said solid solution and tungsten carbide. 3. The highly wear-resistant sintered material according to 1 or 2. 上記硬質相の平均粒子径は、2.0μm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の高耐摩耗性焼結材。The high wear resistant sintered material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the hard phase has an average particle size of 2.0 µm or less. 上記高耐摩耗性焼結体表面から該高耐摩耗性焼結体内部に向かって上記結合相の含有量が漸次増加し、かつ硬さが漸次減少していることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の高耐摩耗性焼結材。2. The binder according to claim 1, wherein the content of the binder phase gradually increases and the hardness gradually decreases from the surface of the high wear resistant sintered body toward the inside of the high wear resistant sintered body. 5. The highly wear-resistant sintered material according to any one of Items 4 to 4. 上記高耐摩耗性焼結体内部のマイクロビッカース硬さが2000以上、破壊靱性値が5.0以上、および気孔量が0.5体積%以下であることを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の高耐摩耗性焼結材。The micro Vickers hardness inside the high wear resistant sintered body is 2000 or more, the fracture toughness value is 5.0 or more, and the porosity is 0.5 volume% or less. A highly wear-resistant sintered material according to any one of the preceding claims. 上記高耐摩耗性焼結材表面に、0.5〜20μmの厚みでなるマイクロビッカース硬さが2000以上の硬質膜を被覆することを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の高耐摩耗性焼結材。The surface of the high wear resistant sintered material is coated with a hard film having a thickness of 0.5 to 20 [mu] m and a micro Vickers hardness of 2,000 or more. High wear resistant sintered material. ノズル、バルブ、治具など耐エロージョン摩耗用部材として使用することを特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の高耐摩耗性焼結材。The high wear resistant sintered material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is used as an erosion wear resistant member such as a nozzle, a valve, and a jig.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009504926A (en) * 2005-08-19 2009-02-05 ジーニアス メタル インコーポレーテッド Cemented carbide materials for high temperature applications
CN114394596A (en) * 2021-12-30 2022-04-26 铜陵日飞创客科技有限公司 Special long-life bearing for high-power plowing plough

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009504926A (en) * 2005-08-19 2009-02-05 ジーニアス メタル インコーポレーテッド Cemented carbide materials for high temperature applications
CN114394596A (en) * 2021-12-30 2022-04-26 铜陵日飞创客科技有限公司 Special long-life bearing for high-power plowing plough
CN114394596B (en) * 2021-12-30 2023-08-22 铜陵日飞创客科技有限公司 Special long-life bearing of high-power plough

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