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JP2004010624A - Method for producing organopolysiloxane - Google Patents

Method for producing organopolysiloxane Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004010624A
JP2004010624A JP2002161380A JP2002161380A JP2004010624A JP 2004010624 A JP2004010624 A JP 2004010624A JP 2002161380 A JP2002161380 A JP 2002161380A JP 2002161380 A JP2002161380 A JP 2002161380A JP 2004010624 A JP2004010624 A JP 2004010624A
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Prior art keywords
organopolysiloxane
producing
polymerization
silanol
catalyst
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JP2002161380A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Masaharu Takahashi
高橋 政晴
Yutaka Hagiwara
萩原 裕
Tomohiko Sudo
須藤 智彦
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Shin Etsu Chemical Co Ltd
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Shin Etsu Chemical Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2002161380A priority Critical patent/JP2004010624A/en
Priority to US10/449,771 priority patent/US20030225236A1/en
Publication of JP2004010624A publication Critical patent/JP2004010624A/en
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Abstract

【解決手段】両末端シラノールシロキサンを、熱分解性重合触媒の存在下で重合させてオルガノポリシロキサンを製造する方法において、重合反応を常圧未満の減圧下で行うことを特徴とする両末端がシラノールで停止されたオルガノポリシロキサンの製造方法。
【効果】本発明のオルガノポリシロキサンの製造方法によれば、両末端シラノールシロキサンを主原料とした反応において、簡単な工程で、設備の腐食等のおそれもなく、オルガノポリシロキサンを製造できる。
【選択図】 な し
A method for producing an organopolysiloxane by polymerizing silanol siloxane at both ends in the presence of a thermally decomposable polymerization catalyst, wherein the polymerization reaction is carried out under reduced pressure below normal pressure. A method for producing an organopolysiloxane terminated with silanol.
According to the method for producing an organopolysiloxane of the present invention, an organopolysiloxane can be produced by a simple process in a reaction using a silanol siloxane at both ends as a main raw material without fear of equipment corrosion.
[Selection diagram] None

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、両末端シラノールシロキサンを主原料とし、オルガノポリシロキサンを簡単な工程で製造することができるオルガノポリシロキサンの製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】
オルガノポリシロキサン重合体の製造方法としては、クロルシランを加水分解し、得られたハイドロリゼート、両末端シラノールシロキサンを更にアルカリクラッキング・蒸留して環状オルガノシロキサンを得、これをアルカリ触媒の存在下で重合後、触媒を中和・失活させ、生成物中の低揮発分を溜去する方法が知られている。しかし、環状オルガノシロキサンを得るためにはアルカリクラッキング・蒸留工程を経なければならず、工程が長くなり、またコスト的にも高くなるといった欠点がある。そのため、両末端シラノールシロキサンから直接オルガノポリシロキサンを製造することができれば、工程が簡略化され、望ましい。
【0003】
また、上記オルガノポリシロキサンの製造において、一般的にアルカリ触媒が重合触媒として用いられているが、触媒の種類に応じて酸性中和剤、例えば、酢酸やリン酸、エチレンクロロヒドリン、二酸化炭素等による中和の必要がある。このとき、中和剤が不足しているとアルカリ触媒が残存し、過剰だと中和剤が残るため、得られるオルガノポリシロキサンの熱安定性がばらつくといった欠点がある。このような中和工程を省略するためには、熱分解性の重合触媒を用いることが望ましく、例えば、水酸化テトラ−n−ブチルホスホニウムのジメチルポリシロキサネートを用いた場合、130〜150℃に加熱することで残存する触媒を失活させることができる。
【0004】
本発明は、上記事情に鑑みなされたもので、オルガノポリシロキサンを効率よく製造する方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段及び発明の実施の形態】
本発明者は、上記目的を達成するため鋭意検討を行った結果、両末端シラノールシロキサンを主原料として重合させてオルガノポリシロキサンを製造する場合に、重合触媒として熱分解性触媒を用い、重合反応を常圧未満の減圧下、好ましくは100mmHg以下で行うことにより、両末端がシラノールで封鎖されたオルガノポリシロキサンを簡単な工程で、しかも設備の腐食などの問題もなく、工業的に有利に製造できることを知見し、本発明をなすに至った。
【0006】
従って、本発明は、両末端シラノールシロキサンを熱分解性重合触媒の存在下で重合させて両末端がシラノールで封鎖されたオルガノポリシロキサンを製造することを特徴とする両末端がシラノールで封鎖されたオルガノポリシロキサンの製造方法を提供する。
【0007】
以下、本発明について更に詳しく説明すると、本発明のオルガノポリシロキサンの製造方法は、両末端シラノールシロキサンを熱分解性触媒の存在下で、重合反応を常圧未満の減圧下、特に100mmHg以下の条件の下で重合して、特に重合度500以上の両末端がシラノールで封鎖されたオルガノポリシロキサンを得るものである。
【0008】
ここで、原料となる両末端シラノールシロキサンとしては、下記式(1)で示されるものが好適に使用できる。
【0009】
【化1】

Figure 2004010624
【0010】
上記式(1)において、R〜Rは、それぞれ互いに同一又は異種の非置換又は置換一価炭化水素基を表し、mは2〜2,000、好ましくは5〜1,000、特に好ましくは10〜500の整数である。この場合、R〜Rとしては、炭素数1〜12、特に1〜10の非置換又は置換一価炭化水素基が好ましく、例えばメチル基等のアルキル基やビニル基等のアルケニル基、フェニル基等のアリール基等が望ましく、メチル基、ビニル基、フェニル基が特に好ましい。
【0011】
なお、本発明においては、上記末端シラノールシロキサンに加えて、環状オルガノポリシロキサンを加えてもよい。
【0012】
熱分解性重合触媒としては、(n−CPOH等の第4級ホスホニウムや(CHNOH等の第4級アンモニウム、また、それらのシラノレートなどが好ましい。これらの重合触媒は、熱分解により失活させることができる。本発明では、水酸化テトラ−n−ブチルホスホニウムや水酸化テトラメチルアンモニウム、また、それらのジメチルポリシロキサネートが好適に使用される。
【0013】
熱分解性重合触媒の使用量は、触媒量であり、水酸化テトラ−n−ブチルホスホニウム使用の場合、両末端シラノールシロキサン100重量部に対して、熱分解性重合触媒として0.0001〜0.1重量部、特に0.001〜0.05重量部であることが好ましい。
【0014】
本発明方法では、重合反応を常圧より低い圧力下で行うことにより、両末端シラノールシロキサンの縮重合反応により生成される水分を効率よく除去することができるもので、重合温度は好ましくは80℃以上、特に好ましくは80〜130℃、とりわけ100〜110℃、減圧度は好ましくは100mmHg以下、より好ましくは50mmHg以下である。圧力が常圧以上では水分を十分に除去できないため縮重合が進まず、本発明の目的を達成することができない。
【0015】
上記重合反応終了後は、熱分解性重合触媒の熱分解温度以上、特には130〜180℃の高温に加熱して、残存する触媒を熱分解により失活させることが好ましい。更に、熱分解性重合触媒を失活させた後は、ストリッピング等により低揮発分を溜去することが好ましい。
【0016】
本発明の製造方法では、通常、平均重合度が500以上、特に5,000以上のオルガノポリシロキサンを得ることができる。なお、その上限は特に制限されない。
【0017】
【実施例】
以下、実施例と比較例を示し、本発明を具体的に説明するが、本発明は下記の実施例に制限されるものではない。
【0018】
[実施例1]
高粘度流体を撹拌するのに十分な撹拌モーター、撹拌翼を備えた4Lのステンレススチール製反応器に、下記式(2)
【化2】
Figure 2004010624
におけるmが10〜30である両末端シラノールジメチルシロキサン1,800gを仕込み、約1時間かけて105℃に昇温した。温度が105℃に到達してから1時間保持した後、熱分解性触媒として水酸化テトラ−n−ブチルホスホニウムを10%含有するジメチルポリシロキサネート2.8gを添加して反応器内の圧力を100mmHg、温度を105℃に保ちながら重合反応させた。内容物が十分に高分子化したことが確認された後、反応器内の圧力を3mmHg以下にし、30分保持した。その後、反応器内の圧力を100mmHgに保ちながら約1時間かけて150℃まで昇温し、150〜160℃で30分保持して水酸化テトラ−n−ブチルホスホニウムを熱分解させた。次いで、反応器内の圧力を3mmHg以下にし、約1時間かけて低揮発分を溜去した。
【0019】
重合時間と共に粘度が上昇し、1時間の重合後に得られたオルガノポリシロキサンは、無色透明のオイル状生成物であった。更に重合反応を進め、2時間の重合後に得られたオルガノポリシロキサンは、平均重合度5,000以上の無色透明の生ゴム状生成物であった(GPCにより重合度確認)。
【0020】
[実施例2]
実施例1で使用した4Lのステンレススチール製反応器に、上記式(2)におけるmが10〜30である両末端シラノールジメチルシロキサンと下記式(3)
【化3】
Figure 2004010624
におけるnが3〜6である環状オルガノシロキサンの混合物(重量比65:35)1,730gを仕込み、約1時間かけて105℃に昇温した。温度が105℃に到達してから1時間保持した後、熱分解性触媒として水酸化テトラ−n−ブチルホスホニウムを10%含有するジメチルポリシロキサネート2.8gを添加して反応器内の圧力を100mmHg、温度を105℃に保ちながら重合反応させた。内容物が十分に高分子化したことが確認された後、反応器内の圧力を3mmHg以下にし、30分保持した。その後、反応器内の圧力を100mmHgに保ちながら約1時間かけて150℃まで昇温し、150〜160℃で30分保持して水酸化テトラ−n−ブチルホスホニウムを熱分解させた。次いで、反応器内の圧力を3mmHg以下にし、約1時間かけて低揮発分を溜去した。
得られたオルガノポリシロキサンは、実施例1と同様に平均重合度5,000以上の無色透明の生ゴム状生成物であった(GPCにより重合度確認)。
【0021】
[比較例1]
実施例1と同様の重合実験を常圧下で重合反応させて行った。
得られたオルガノポリシロキサンは、2時間の重合反応後であっても平均重合度1,000程度の無色透明のオイル状生成物であった。
【0022】
【発明の効果】
本発明のオルガノポリシロキサンの製造方法によれば、両末端シラノールシロキサンを主原料とした反応において、簡単な工程で、設備の腐食等のおそれもなく、オルガノポリシロキサンを製造できる。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for producing an organopolysiloxane that can produce an organopolysiloxane in a simple process using silanolsiloxane at both ends as a main raw material.
[0002]
Problems to be solved by the prior art and the invention
As a method for producing an organopolysiloxane polymer, chlorosilane is hydrolyzed, and the obtained hydrolysate and silanol siloxane at both ends are further subjected to alkali cracking and distillation to obtain a cyclic organosiloxane, which is polymerized in the presence of an alkali catalyst. There is known a method of neutralizing and deactivating a catalyst and distilling off low volatile components in a product. However, in order to obtain a cyclic organosiloxane, it is necessary to go through an alkali cracking / distillation step, which has the disadvantage that the step becomes longer and the cost becomes higher. Therefore, it would be desirable if the organopolysiloxane could be directly produced from the silanol siloxane at both ends, because the process would be simplified.
[0003]
In the production of the organopolysiloxane, an alkali catalyst is generally used as a polymerization catalyst. Depending on the type of the catalyst, an acidic neutralizing agent, for example, acetic acid, phosphoric acid, ethylene chlorohydrin, carbon dioxide Neutralization is required. At this time, if the amount of the neutralizing agent is insufficient, the alkali catalyst remains, and if the amount of the neutralizing agent is excessive, the neutralizing agent remains, so that there is a disadvantage that the thermal stability of the obtained organopolysiloxane varies. In order to omit such a neutralization step, it is desirable to use a thermally decomposable polymerization catalyst. For example, when dimethylpolysiloxanate of tetra-n-butylphosphonium hydroxide is used, 130 to 150 ° C. The remaining catalyst can be deactivated by heating to.
[0004]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to provide a method for efficiently producing an organopolysiloxane.
[0005]
Means for Solving the Problems and Embodiments of the Invention
The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to achieve the above object, and as a result, when producing an organopolysiloxane by polymerizing silanol siloxanes at both ends as a main raw material, using a thermally decomposable catalyst as a polymerization catalyst, the polymerization reaction Is carried out under reduced pressure of less than normal pressure, preferably at 100 mmHg or less, to produce an organopolysiloxane blocked at both ends with silanol in a simple process and without problems such as corrosion of equipment and industrially advantageous. The inventors have found that they can do this, and have accomplished the present invention.
[0006]
Therefore, the present invention is characterized in that both ends silanol siloxane is polymerized in the presence of a thermally decomposable polymerization catalyst to produce an organopolysiloxane in which both ends are silanol-blocked, and both ends are silanol-blocked. Provided is a method for producing an organopolysiloxane.
[0007]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail. In the method for producing an organopolysiloxane of the present invention, the polymerization reaction of silanolsiloxane at both ends is carried out under a reduced pressure of less than normal pressure in the presence of a thermally decomposable catalyst, particularly at 100 mmHg or less. To obtain an organopolysiloxane having a polymerization degree of 500 or more, both ends of which are blocked with silanol.
[0008]
Here, as the silanol siloxane at both ends serving as a raw material, those represented by the following formula (1) can be suitably used.
[0009]
Embedded image
Figure 2004010624
[0010]
In the above formula (1), R 1 to R 4 each represent the same or different unsubstituted or substituted monovalent hydrocarbon group, and m is 2 to 2,000, preferably 5 to 1,000, particularly preferably. Is an integer of 10 to 500. In this case, as R 1 to R 4 , an unsubstituted or substituted monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, particularly 1 to 10 carbon atoms, is preferable, for example, an alkyl group such as a methyl group, an alkenyl group such as a vinyl group, and a phenyl group. An aryl group such as a group is desirable, and a methyl group, a vinyl group and a phenyl group are particularly desirable.
[0011]
In the present invention, a cyclic organopolysiloxane may be added in addition to the terminal silanol siloxane.
[0012]
As the thermally decomposable polymerization catalyst, a quaternary phosphonium such as (nC 4 H 9 ) 4 POH, a quaternary ammonium such as (CH 3 ) 4 NOH, and a silanolate thereof are preferable. These polymerization catalysts can be deactivated by thermal decomposition. In the present invention, tetra-n-butylphosphonium hydroxide and tetramethylammonium hydroxide, and their dimethylpolysiloxanates are preferably used.
[0013]
The amount of the thermally decomposable polymerization catalyst is a catalytic amount. When tetra-n-butylphosphonium hydroxide is used, the amount of the thermally decomposable polymerization catalyst is from 0.0001 to 0. It is preferably 1 part by weight, particularly preferably 0.001 to 0.05 part by weight.
[0014]
In the method of the present invention, by performing the polymerization reaction under a pressure lower than normal pressure, water generated by the polycondensation reaction of silanol siloxane at both ends can be efficiently removed, and the polymerization temperature is preferably 80 ° C. Above, particularly preferably 80 to 130 ° C., especially 100 to 110 ° C., and the degree of reduced pressure is preferably 100 mmHg or less, more preferably 50 mmHg or less. If the pressure is higher than normal pressure, water cannot be sufficiently removed, so that condensation polymerization does not proceed and the object of the present invention cannot be achieved.
[0015]
After the completion of the polymerization reaction, it is preferable that the remaining catalyst is heated to a temperature higher than the thermal decomposition temperature of the thermally decomposable polymerization catalyst, in particular, to a high temperature of 130 to 180 ° C. to deactivate the remaining catalyst by thermal decomposition. Furthermore, after deactivating the thermally decomposable polymerization catalyst, it is preferable to distill low volatile components by stripping or the like.
[0016]
In the production method of the present invention, usually, an organopolysiloxane having an average degree of polymerization of 500 or more, particularly 5,000 or more can be obtained. In addition, the upper limit is not specifically limited.
[0017]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following Examples.
[0018]
[Example 1]
In a 4 L stainless steel reactor equipped with a stirring motor and stirring blades sufficient to stir a high viscosity fluid, the following formula (2)
Embedded image
Figure 2004010624
Was charged with 1,800 g of silanol dimethylsiloxane at both ends having m of 10 to 30, and the temperature was raised to 105 ° C. over about 1 hour. After the temperature was maintained at 105 ° C. for 1 hour, 2.8 g of dimethylpolysiloxanate containing 10% of tetra-n-butylphosphonium hydroxide was added as a thermally decomposable catalyst, and the pressure in the reactor was increased. Was kept at 100 mmHg and the temperature at 105 ° C. to carry out a polymerization reaction. After it was confirmed that the content was sufficiently polymerized, the pressure in the reactor was reduced to 3 mmHg or less and maintained for 30 minutes. Thereafter, the temperature in the reactor was raised to 150 ° C. over about 1 hour while maintaining the pressure in the reactor at 100 mmHg, and the temperature was maintained at 150 to 160 ° C. for 30 minutes to thermally decompose tetra-n-butylphosphonium hydroxide. Next, the pressure in the reactor was reduced to 3 mmHg or less, and low volatile components were distilled off over about 1 hour.
[0019]
The viscosity increased with the polymerization time, and the organopolysiloxane obtained after the polymerization for 1 hour was a colorless and transparent oily product. The polymerization reaction was further advanced, and the organopolysiloxane obtained after the polymerization for 2 hours was a colorless and transparent raw rubber-like product having an average degree of polymerization of 5,000 or more (confirmed degree of polymerization by GPC).
[0020]
[Example 2]
In the 4 L stainless steel reactor used in Example 1, silanol dimethyl siloxane having both ends at the m of 10 to 30 in the above formula (2) and the following formula (3)
Embedded image
Figure 2004010624
In the above, 1,730 g of a mixture (weight ratio 65:35) of a cyclic organosiloxane in which n is 3 to 6 was charged, and the temperature was raised to 105 ° C. over about 1 hour. After the temperature was maintained at 105 ° C. for 1 hour, 2.8 g of dimethylpolysiloxanate containing 10% of tetra-n-butylphosphonium hydroxide was added as a thermally decomposable catalyst, and the pressure in the reactor was increased. Was kept at 100 mmHg and the temperature was kept at 105 ° C. to carry out a polymerization reaction. After it was confirmed that the content was sufficiently polymerized, the pressure in the reactor was reduced to 3 mmHg or less and maintained for 30 minutes. Thereafter, the temperature in the reactor was raised to 150 ° C. over about 1 hour while maintaining the pressure in the reactor at 100 mmHg, and the temperature was maintained at 150 to 160 ° C. for 30 minutes to thermally decompose tetra-n-butylphosphonium hydroxide. Next, the pressure in the reactor was reduced to 3 mmHg or less, and low volatile components were distilled off over about 1 hour.
The obtained organopolysiloxane was a colorless and transparent raw rubber-like product having an average degree of polymerization of 5,000 or more as in Example 1 (confirmation of degree of polymerization by GPC).
[0021]
[Comparative Example 1]
The same polymerization experiment as in Example 1 was carried out by performing a polymerization reaction under normal pressure.
The obtained organopolysiloxane was a colorless and transparent oily product having an average degree of polymerization of about 1,000 even after the polymerization reaction for 2 hours.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
According to the method for producing an organopolysiloxane of the present invention, an organopolysiloxane can be produced by a simple process in a reaction using silanol siloxane at both ends as a main raw material without fear of equipment corrosion.

Claims (3)

両末端シラノールシロキサンを、熱分解性重合触媒の存在下で重合させてオルガノポリシロキサンを製造する方法において、重合反応を常圧未満の減圧下で行うことを特徴とする両末端がシラノールで停止されたオルガノポリシロキサンの製造方法。A method for producing an organopolysiloxane by polymerizing silanol siloxane at both ends in the presence of a thermally decomposable polymerization catalyst, wherein the polymerization reaction is carried out under reduced pressure less than normal pressure, wherein both ends are terminated with silanol. A method for producing an organopolysiloxane. 重合反応を100mmHg以下の減圧下で行う請求項1記載のオルガノポリシロキサンの製造方法。The method for producing an organopolysiloxane according to claim 1, wherein the polymerization reaction is performed under reduced pressure of 100 mmHg or less. 重合触媒が水酸化テトラ−n−ブチルホスホニウム、水酸化テトラメチルアンモニウム又はそれらのジメチルポリシロキサネートである請求項1又は2記載のオルガノポリシロキサンの製造方法。3. The method for producing an organopolysiloxane according to claim 1, wherein the polymerization catalyst is tetra-n-butylphosphonium hydroxide, tetramethylammonium hydroxide or a dimethylpolysiloxanate thereof.
JP2002161380A 2002-06-03 2002-06-03 Method for producing organopolysiloxane Pending JP2004010624A (en)

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JP2009502819A (en) * 2005-07-29 2009-01-29 リンデ アーゲー Method for deactivating organometallic catalyst and reactor system therefor

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009502819A (en) * 2005-07-29 2009-01-29 リンデ アーゲー Method for deactivating organometallic catalyst and reactor system therefor

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