JP2004099790A - Improved polymer particle, filler for chromatography, their production method and column for chromatography - Google Patents
Improved polymer particle, filler for chromatography, their production method and column for chromatography Download PDFInfo
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- JP2004099790A JP2004099790A JP2002265140A JP2002265140A JP2004099790A JP 2004099790 A JP2004099790 A JP 2004099790A JP 2002265140 A JP2002265140 A JP 2002265140A JP 2002265140 A JP2002265140 A JP 2002265140A JP 2004099790 A JP2004099790 A JP 2004099790A
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- acid
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 title claims description 35
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 title description 13
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000009435 amidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000007112 amidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 114
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 75
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 57
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 43
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 22
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 16
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylamine Chemical compound CCCN WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004811 liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000005372 silanol group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004366 reverse phase liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- BMVXCPBXGZKUPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexanamine Chemical compound CCCCCCN BMVXCPBXGZKUPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UPTHZKIDNHJFKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylprop-2-enoic acid;propane-1,2,3-triol Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O.CC(=C)C(O)=O.OCC(O)CO UPTHZKIDNHJFKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDSNLYIMUZNERS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropanamine Chemical compound CC(C)CN KDSNLYIMUZNERS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxybenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KZMGYPLQYOPHEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron trifluoride etherate Chemical compound FB(F)F.CCOCC KZMGYPLQYOPHEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 2
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical compound CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002862 amidating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- QMKYBPDZANOJGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QMKYBPDZANOJGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 chloroform Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 229920006037 cross link polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylamine Chemical compound NC1CCCCC1 PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 2
- RIFGWPKJUGCATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl chloroformate Chemical compound CCOC(Cl)=O RIFGWPKJUGCATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- BDNKZNFMNDZQMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-diisopropylcarbodiimide Chemical compound CC(C)N=C=NC(C)C BDNKZNFMNDZQMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UWFRVQVNYNPBEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)propan-1-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1C UWFRVQVNYNPBEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZXJBWUAALADCRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(octadecoxymethyl)oxirane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOCC1CO1 ZXJBWUAALADCRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DBCAQXHNJOFNGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-bromo-1,1,1-trifluorobutane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)CCCBr DBCAQXHNJOFNGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940090248 4-hydroxybenzoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CNPURSDMOWDNOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methoxy-7h-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-amine Chemical compound COC1=NC(N)=NC2=C1C=CN2 CNPURSDMOWDNOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethenol Chemical compound OC=C IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005571 anion exchange chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005601 base polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010931 ester hydrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol dimethacrylate Substances CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(C)=C STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002778 food additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013373 food additive Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003055 glycidyl group Chemical group C(C1CO1)* 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)N JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002715 modification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000466 oxiranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010647 peptide synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007613 slurry method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003696 stearoyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylamine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)N YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/30—Introducing nitrogen atoms or nitrogen-containing groups
- C08F8/32—Introducing nitrogen atoms or nitrogen-containing groups by reaction with amines
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、酸・アルカリ耐久性の改質されたポリマー粒子、改質されたクロマトグラフィー用充填剤、その製造方法、改質方法及び該充填剤を用いたクロマトグラフィー用カラムに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来からアクリレート及びメタクリレート系のポリマー粒子はイオン交換用樹脂や各種クロマトグラフィー用充填剤として利用されている。しかし分子内にエステル結合を含有することから酸またはアルカリ溶液中で使用するとエステル結合の加水分解による強度の低下、又はクロマトグラフィー用充填剤として用いた時には遊離したカルボキシル基による分析パターンの変化等が起こるため、使用可能な溶液のpH範囲に制限があった。
【0003】
クロマトグラフィー用充填剤の使用例として陰イオン分析用クロマトグラフィーが挙げられる。陰イオンクロマトグラフィーにはサプレッサー法(サプレッサーを使う方法)とノンサプレッサー法(サプレッサーを使わない方法)がある。サプレッサー法では溶離液として炭酸バッファーや水酸化ナトリウム等のpH10以上のアルカリ溶液が用いられ、一方のノンサプレッサー法ではp−ヒドロキシ安息香酸、フタル酸、トリメシン酸等の弱酸性溶液が用いられる。そのため従来のアクリレート及びメタクリレート系の充填剤はノンサプレッサー法用の充填剤としてのみに使用が制限されていた(特許文献1参照。)。
【0004】
また、アクリレート及びメタクリレート系のエステル結合を含む陰イオン交換体をアルカリ溶液で処理しエステル結合を分解し、水酸基及び/またはカルボキシル基を生成させることを特徴とした陰イオン交換体の製造方法、陰イオン交換体、及びそれを用いた陰イオンの測定方法が示されている(特許文献2参照)。しかしこの場合、エステル結合を含むポリマーを酸またはアルカリの含水溶液で処理する目的は、水酸基及び/またはカルボキシル基を遊離させ、これら遊離基を利用して分析時の陰イオンの保持時間を調節するためのものである。
【0005】
その他のクロマトグラフィー用充填剤の使用例として逆相クロマトグラフィーが挙げられる。逆相カラム用の充填剤としてオクタデシル化シリカゲル(以下、「ODS」という。)などのシリカ系粒子が最もよく用いられているが、化学的安定性に問題があることからポリマー粒子も用いられており、アクリレート系またはメタクリレート系の充填剤として、エチレングリコールジメタクリレート/アルキルメタクリレート共重合体、グリセリンジメタクリレート単独重合体にオクタデカノイル基を導入したものなどが挙げられる。
【0006】
シリカ系粒子には、未反応のシラノール基が残っている場合が多く、そのため逆相カラム用として十分な分離性能が得られないことがある。シラノール基残存量の程度は、充填カラムにピリジンなどの有機塩基を注入し、そのピーク形状を比較することによって調べることができ、一般に残存シラノール基が多いほどピークのテーリングが激しくなることが知られている。
【0007】
シリカ系充填剤に見られるような上記問題の解決法として、残存シラノール基を不活性基でキャッピングする方法があり、最近ではより高密度にキャッピングを行なう方法として、不活性ガス雰囲気下の密閉容器中で一部錯体化合物を形成する2種の末端付加剤を反応させる方法(特開平10−72579)、超臨界流体中で化学修飾剤と反応させる方法(特開平9−49829)などが報告されている。
【0008】
一方でポリマー粒子を充填したカラムは、シリカカラムに比べて化学的安定性が優れているという長所を持つが、▲1▼保持容量のロット差が大きい、▲2▼保持容量の再現性が悪い、▲3▼テーリングが激しい、▲4▼理論段数が低い、等の点においてシリカカラムのレベルには至っていないため、市販されているポリマー系分配吸着カラムの種類は極めて少なく、使用される機会も非常に限られる。これらの問題点は、特に塩を全く添加しない溶離液を用いるときに、顕著に現れる。この問題点をポリマー系充填剤の遊離カルボキシル基を、不活性基によりキャッピングして上記ポリマー粒子の課題を解決したことが示されている(特許文献3参照)。しかし、この場合も酸・アルカリ耐久性は十分とは言えず、使用溶離液のpH範囲には制限があった。
【0009】
また特願2001−302838において、ポリマー粒子を架橋性エポキシ化合物で被い且つ炭素鎖をエーテル結合で導入した充填剤が、高い酸・アルカリ耐性を有することが示されている。しかしこれらの場合でも、アクリレート系またはメタクリレート系の粒子を基材ゲルとして用いた場合、強酸または強アルカリ溶液を溶離液として使用すると粒子表面に露出したエステル結合が加水分解され新たな遊離カルボキシル基が生成してしまうため、分析時に使用可能な溶離液のpH範囲に制限がある。
【0010】
【特許文献1】
特開2000−221179号公報
【特許文献2】
特開2002−194117号公報
【特許文献3】
特開2000−310623号公報
【0011】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、エステル結合を含むポリマー粒子を液体クロマトグラフィー分析に用いるに際し、強酸または強アルカリ溶液下でも使用可能な酸・アルカリ耐久性の改質されたポリマー粒子を提供することを課題の一つとする。すなわち、本発明は、酸・アルカリ耐久性の改質されたポリマー粒子、改質されたクロマトグラフィー用充填剤、その製造方法及びそれを用いたクロマトグラフィー用カラムを提供することを課題の一つとする。
【0012】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、エステル結合を含有するポリマー粒子を酸またはアルカリの含水溶液で処理することにより、液に接触し易く加水分解し易いエステル結合をあらかじめ加水分解してカルボキシル基を遊離させ、更にその遊離カルボキシル基をアミド化によりキャッピングすることによって、ポリマー粒子の酸・アルカリ耐久性が向上することを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0013】
すなわち本発明は、例えば、次の事項に関する。
【0014】
[1]エステル結合を含有するポリマー粒子を酸またはアルカリの含水溶液で処理することにより、一部のエステル結合を加水分解してカルボキシル基を遊離させ、更にその遊離カルボキシル基をアミド化によりキャッピングすることを特徴とする酸・アルカリ耐久性の改質されたポリマー粒子。
【0015】
[2]一部のエステル結合が、液に接触し易いエステル結合であることを特徴とする[1]に記載の酸・アルカリ耐久性の改質されたポリマー粒子。
【0016】
[3]アミド化に使用するアミンが式(1)
NHR1R2 (1)
(R1、R2は独立に水素原子、枝分かれしていてもよくハロゲンが置換していてもよい炭素数18以下のアルキル基またはフェニル基を示す。)で表されるアミンであることを特徴とする[1]に記載の酸・アルカリ耐久性の改質されたポリマー粒子。
【0017】
[4]アミド化に使用するアミンが式(2)
NH2R3 (2)
(R3は水素原子、枝分かれしていてもよくハロゲンが置換していてもよい炭素数18以下のアルキル基またはフェニル基を示す。)で表されるアミンであることを特徴とする[3]に記載の酸・アルカリ耐久性の改質されたポリマー粒子。
【0018】
[5]ポリマー粒子を内径4.6mm長さ150mmのカラムに充填したものを用いて次の方法でアルカリ耐久性を評価したときに、アルカリ溶離液通液後のピリジン保持能の増加率が50%以下である酸・アルカリ耐久性の改質されたポリマー粒子。
評価方法: ▲1▼アセトニトリル/0.1%りん酸水溶液=30/70の溶離液を流量0.3ml/分で30分間通液し、アセトニトリル/水=30/70の溶離液を用いて流量0.5ml/分でカラム温度を40℃にして、ピリジン保持能を測定する。
▲2▼同じカラムにアセトニトリル/0.01モル水酸化ナトリウム水溶液=50/50のアルカリ溶離液を流量0.5ml/分でカラム温度を40℃にして4時間通液した後、アセトニトリル/0.1%りん酸水溶液=30/70の溶離液を流量0.3ml/分で30分間通液し、アセトニトリル/水=30/70の溶離液を用いて流量0.5ml/分でカラム温度を40℃にして、ピリジン保持能を測定する。
▲3▼▲1▼のピリジン保持能に対する▲2▼のピリジン保持能を比較する。
【0019】
[6]ポリマー粒子の平均粒径が1〜50μmであることを特徴とする[1]〜[5]のいずれかに記載の酸・アルカリ耐久性の改質されたポリマー粒子。
【0020】
[7]エステル結合を含有するポリマー粒子を酸またはアルカリの含水溶液で処理することにより、一部のエステル結合を加水分解してカルボキシル基を遊離させ、更にその遊離カルボキシル基をアミド化によりキャッピングすることを特徴とする酸・アルカリ耐久性の改質されたポリマー粒子を使用することを特徴とするクロマトグラフィー用ポリマー系充填剤。
【0021】
[8]一部のエステル結合が、液に接触し易いエステル結合であることを特徴とする[7]に記載のクロマトグラフィー用ポリマー系充填剤。
【0022】
[9]アミド化に使用するアミンが式(1)
NHR1R2 (1)
(R1、R2は独立に水素原子、枝分かれしていてもよくハロゲンが置換していてもよい炭素数18以下のアルキル基またはフェニル基を示す。)で表されるアミンであることを特徴とする[7]に記載のクロマトグラフィー用ポリマー系充填剤。
【0023】
[10]アミド化に使用するアミンが式(2)
NH2R3 (2)
(R3は水素原子、枝分かれしていてもよくハロゲンが置換していてもよい炭素数18以下のアルキル基またはフェニル基を示す。)で表されるアミンであることを特徴とする[9]に記載のクロマトグラフィー用ポリマー系充填剤。
【0024】
[11]ポリマー粒子を内径4.6mm長さ150mmのカラムに充填したものを用いて次の方法でアルカリ耐久性を評価したときに、アルカリ溶離液通液後のピリジン保持能の増加率が50%以下である酸・アルカリ耐久性の改質されたポリマー粒子を使用することを特徴とするクロマトグラフィー用ポリマー系充填剤。
評価方法: ▲1▼アセトニトリル/0.1%りん酸水溶液=30/70の溶離液を流量0.3ml/分で30分間通液し、アセトニトリル/水=30/70の溶離液を用いて流量0.5ml/分でカラム温度を40℃にして、ピリジン保持能を測定する。
▲2▼同じカラムにアセトニトリル/0.01モル水酸化ナトリウム水溶液=50/50のアルカリ溶離液を流量0.5ml/分でカラム温度を40℃にして4時間通液した後、アセトニトリル/0.1%りん酸水溶液=30/70の溶離液を流量0.3ml/分で30分間通液し、アセトニトリル/水=30/70の溶離液を用いて流量0.5ml/分でカラム温度を40℃にして、ピリジン保持能を測定する。
▲3▼▲1▼のピリジン保持能に対する▲2▼のピリジン保持能を比較する。
【0025】
[12]ポリマー粒子の平均粒径が1〜50μmであることを特徴とする[7]〜[11]のいずれかに記載のクロマトグラフィー用ポリマー系充填剤。
【0026】
[13]エステル結合を含有するポリマー粒子を酸またはアルカリの含水溶液で処理することにより、一部のエステル結合を加水分解してカルボキシル基を遊離させ、更にその遊離カルボキシル基をアミド化によりキャッピングすることを特徴とする酸・アルカリ耐久性の改質されたポリマー粒子の製造方法。
【0027】
[14]一部のエステル結合が、液に接触し易いエステル結合であることを特徴とする[13]に記載の酸・アルカリ耐久性の改質されたポリマー粒子の製造方法。
【0028】
[15]アミド化に使用するアミンが式(1)
NHR1R2 (1)
(R1、R2は独立に水素原子、枝分かれしていてもよくハロゲンが置換していてもよい炭素数18以下のアルキル基またはフェニル基を示す。)で表されるアミンであることを特徴とする[13]に記載の酸・アルカリ耐久性の改質されたポリマー粒子の製造方法。
【0029】
[16]アミド化に使用するアミンが式(2)
NH2R3 (2)
(R3は水素原子、枝分かれしていてもよくハロゲンが置換していてもよい炭素数18以下のアルキル基またはフェニル基を示す。)で表されるアミンであることを特徴とする[15]に記載の酸・アルカリ耐久性の改質されたポリマー粒子の製造方法。
【0030】
[17]ポリマー粒子が内径4.6mm長さ150mmのカラムに充填したものを用いて次の方法でアルカリ耐久性を評価したときに、アルカリ溶離液通液後のピリジン保持能の増加率が50%以下であることを特徴とする[13]〜[16]のいずれかに記載の酸・アルカリ耐久性の改質されたポリマー粒子の製造方法。
評価方法: ▲1▼アセトニトリル/0.1%りん酸水溶液=30/70の溶離液を流量0.3ml/分で30分間通液し、アセトニトリル/水=30/70の溶離液を用いて流量0.5ml/分でカラム温度を40℃にして、ピリジン保持能を測定する。
【0031】
▲2▼同じカラムにアセトニトリル/0.01モル水酸化ナトリウム水溶液=50/50のアルカリ溶離液を流量0.5ml/分でカラム温度を40℃にして4時間通液した後、アセトニトリル/0.1%りん酸水溶液=30/70の溶離液を流量0.3ml/分で30分間通液し、アセトニトリル/水=30/70の溶離液を用いて流量0.5ml/分でカラム温度を40℃にして、ピリジン保持能を測定する。
【0032】
▲3▼▲1▼のピリジン保持能に対する▲2▼のピリジン保持能を比較する。
【0033】
[18]ポリマー粒子の平均粒径が1〜50μmであることを特徴とする[13]〜[16]のいずれかに記載の酸・アルカリ耐久性の改質されたポリマー粒子。
【0034】
[19][6]〜[12]のいずれかに記載のクロマトグラフィー用ポリマー系充填剤を製造する際に、酸またはアルカリの含水溶液による加水分解処理とアミド化によるキャッピング処理の一方または両方をポリマー系充填剤をカラムに充填した状態で行なうことを特徴とするクロマトグラフィー用ポリマー系充填剤の製造方法。
【0035】
[20][6]〜[12]のいずれかに記載の酸・アルカリ耐久性の改質されたクロマトグラフィー用ポリマー系充填剤を用いるクロマトグラフィー用カラム。
【0036】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明は、エステル結合を含有するポリマー粒子を液体クロマトグラフィーに使用するに際し、液に接触し易く、加水分解し易いエステル結合を予め加水分解し、カルボキシル基を遊離させ、そのカルボキシル基をアミド化してキャッピングすることにより、クロマトグラフィー分析の使用中におこるエステル加水分解を抑制し、ポリマー粒子の酸・アルカリ耐久性を改質し、安定した分析を可能とするものである。
【0037】
すなわち、特許文献3においては、ポリマー粒子を重合し、製造した際に生じているカルボキシ基をキャッピングしているのに対し、本発明では、加水分解をし易いエステル結合を積極的に加水分解せしめており、このことにより、酸・アルカリ耐久性を著しく改善している。
【0038】
本発明の方法で改質を施す対象となるポリマー粒子は、分子内にエステル結合を含有するものであり、例えばポリエステル構造を含む架橋性粒子等が対象となる。さらに、問題となるエステル結合が構造の一部に含まれているポリマー粒子であっても、そのエステル結合が酸・アルカリ耐久性を低下させる原因になっていると考えられる場合は、本発明の方法で改質を施す対象となる。
【0039】
ポリエステル構造を含むポリマー粒子の例としては、エチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート/アルキル(メタ)アクリレート共重合体、エチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート単独重合体、グリセリンジ(メタ)アクリレート/アルキル(メタ)アクリレート共重合体、グリセリンジ(メタ)アクリレート単独重合体及びそれを修飾したもの、エチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート/グリセリンジ(メタ)アクリレート共重合体及びそれを修飾したもの、トリメチロールプロパントリ(メタ)アクリレート/アルキル(メタ)アクリレート共重合体、トリメチロールプロパントリ(メタ)アクリレート単独重合体、ペンタエリスリトールトリ(メタ)アクリレート/アルキル(メタ)アクリレート共重合体及びそれを修飾したもの、ペンタエリスリトールトリ(メタ)アクリレート単独重合体及びそれを修飾したもの、ビニル(メタ)アクリレート単独重合体、エチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート/グリシジル(メタ)アクリレート共重合体のオキシラン環を加水分解あるいは修飾したものなどが挙げられる。
【0040】
問題となるエステル結合が構造の一部に含まれているポリマー粒子の例としては、上記例示にあるようなエステル構造に加えて、アミド、イミド、アルコール、エーテル、芳香環、アルキル鎖などから選ばれる一つあるいは複数の部分構造を同時に含むもの、などが挙げられる。
【0041】
これらのポリマー粒子にはエステル結合が含まれるため、これらを酸またはアルカリの含水溶液中で使用した時に粒子表面に露出したエステル結合が加水分解されてしまうので、酸・アルカリ耐久性は低い。
【0042】
本発明でいう改質されたポリマー粒子とは、上に例示したようなエステル結合を含有するポリマー粒子の表面に露出した加水分解され易いエステル結合を酸またはアルカリの含水溶液であらかじめ切断し、生成した遊離カルボキシル基をアミド化によりキャッピングしたものすべてを含むものである。
【0043】
アミド結合はエステル結合より加水分解されにくい(PROTECTIVE GROUPS in ORGANIC SYNTHESIS 第3版 442ページ中段 参照)ので、液に接触し易いエステル結合をあらかじめ切断し、生成した遊離カルボキシル基をアミド化によりキャッピングしてアミド結合に変換しておけば、酸またはアルカリ溶液中で使用してもカルボキシル基の生成を抑制することができ、ポリマー粒子の耐久性が向上する。
【0044】
すなわち、本発明の液に接触し易いエステル結合とは、ポリマーの比較的表面にあるエステル結合である。この様なエステル結合をアミド結合に変換することにより、上記の様にポリマー表面が加水分解されにくいアミド結合で保護される。その為、酸またはアルカリ処理で、加水分解しなかったエステル結合は、カラム等としての使用時には更に液に接触しにくくなる。そのことにより、ポリマー粒子の酸・アルカリ耐久性が増すと考えられる。
【0045】
本発明において改質対象となるポリマー粒子は、用途により種々の大きさのものが可能である。中でもクロマトグラフィー用充填剤としては平均粒径1〜50μmのものを用いるのがよく、好ましくは1.5〜30μm、より好ましくは2〜10μmのものを用いる。平均粒径が1μmより小さい場合は、カラム圧力が上がりすぎて粒子の強度限界を越えてしまうため好ましくなく、50μmより大きい場合は,分離能が低く実用上好ましくない。
【0046】
本発明において、ポリマー粒子表面に露出したと考えられ加水分解され易いエステル結合を切断するために、酸またはアルカリの含水溶液で処理する方法について、その具体例を述べる。
【0047】
酸の含水溶液としては、塩酸や硫酸等の水溶液を用いることができる。これらの水溶液がポリマー粒子に馴染みにくい場合は、強酸溶液中で反応しない水溶性有機溶媒、例えばジメチルスルホキシド等を適当量加えたうえで使用してもよい。濃度はポリマー粒子表面のエステル結合を加水分解可能であれば特に限定されないが、溶液のpHが3以下、好ましくはpHが1〜2になるように適宜調節しポリマー粒子を懸濁させる。反応温度はポリマー粒子表面のエステル結合を加水分解可能であれば特に限定されないが、20℃以上100℃以下、好ましくは30℃以上80℃以下、更に好ましくは40℃以上60℃以下に設定する。反応時間もポリマー粒子表面のエステル結合を加水分解可能であれば特に限定されないが、30分以上24時間以下、好ましくは30分以上10時間以下、更に好ましくは1時間以上6時間以下攪拌、反応する。
【0048】
アルカリの含水溶液としては、水酸化ナトリウムや水酸化カリウム等の水酸化物の水溶液を用いることができる。これらの水溶液がポリマー粒子に馴染みにくい場合は、強アルカリ溶液中で反応しない水溶性有機溶媒、例えばジメチルスルホキシド等を適当量加えたうえで使用してもよい。濃度はポリマー粒子表面のエステル結合を加水分解可能であれば特に限定されないが、溶液のpHが10以上14以下、好ましくはpHが11〜13になるように適宜調節しポリマー粒子を懸濁させる。反応温度はポリマー粒子表面のエステル結合を加水分解可能であれば特に限定されないが、20℃以上100℃以下、好ましくは30℃以上80℃以下、更に好ましくは40℃以上60℃以下に設定する。反応時間もポリマー粒子表面のエステル結合を加水分解可能であれば特に限定されないが、20分以上24時間以下、好ましくは30分以上10時間以下、更に好ましくは1時間以上6時間以下攪拌、反応する。
【0049】
上記の様なエステル結合の加水分解の条件におけるpH、反応温度、反応時間の範囲は、単独に調整し、用いてもよいが、全ての条件を組み合わせて用いることが望ましい。
【0050】
本発明においてキャッピングに用いられるアミド化の具体的方法を述べる。
【0051】
アミド化に使用するアミンは、遊離したカルボキシル基をキャッピングできれば、基本的には制限はないが、アミド化の際の反応性、立体障害による導入の制限、アミドとなった時の安定性等を考慮すると式(1)
NHR1R2 (1)
(R1、R2は独立に水素原子、枝分かれしていてもよくハロゲンが置換していてもよい炭素数18以下のアルキル基またはフェニル基を示す。)で表されるアミンが好ましく用いられる。
【0052】
より好ましくは、式(2)
NH2R3 (2)
(R3は水素原子、枝分かれしていてもよくハロゲンが置換していてもよい炭素数18以下のアルキル基またはフェニル基を示す。)で表される1級アミンが望ましい。
【0053】
置換基の大きさとしては、小さいほど、立体障害が小さいので導入効率が上がり、改質前のポリマー粒子の疎水性に大きな変化を及ぼさないなどの利点がある。しかしながら、キャッピングすべき遊離カルボキシル基の量が極めて少ない場合には、比較的大きい不活性基を導入しても疎水性の変化が少なくてすむためある程度の大きさを有していても使用可能である。すなわち、アルキルアミンにおいては、アルキル基が、炭素数18以下のものから、好ましくは炭素数12以下のものから、更に好ましくは炭素数6以下のものから、殊更好ましくは炭素数4以下のものから選ぶのが好ましい。
【0054】
例示すれば、アンモニア、メチルアミン、エチルアミン、1−プロピルアミン、イソプロピルアミン、1−ブチルアミン、イソブチルアミン、t−ブチルアミン、1−へキシルアミン、シクロヘキシルアミン、1−オクチルアミン、ジメチルアミン、ジエチルアミン、ジ(1−プロピル)アミン等を例示することができる。
【0055】
本発明におけるアミド化は、ペプチド合成などで使われる一般的方法が適用できる。ただし、改質を施すポリマー粒子の遊離カルボキシル基以外の部分に好ましくない変化を及ぼさないことが必要である。さらに、導入効率、扱いやすさ、コストなど実用面を考慮すると、以下のような試薬の組み合わせでアミド化を行うことが好ましく用いられる。
【0056】
(A)▲1▼クロロ蟻酸エチルなどの混合酸無水物生成用試薬;トリエチルアミンなどの三級アミン;クロロホルムなどの有機溶媒、次いで、▲2▼式(1)で表されるアミン。
【0057】
(B)1−プロピルアミンなどの式(2)で表されるアミン;N,N’−ジイソプロピルカルボジイミドなどの脱水縮合剤;トルエン、N,N−ジメチルホルムアミドなどの有機溶媒。
【0058】
本発明におけるエステル結合を含有するポリマー粒子の改質方法は、ポリマー粒子を上記酸またはアルカリの含水溶液で処理し、更に上記アミド化試薬を含む溶液または懸濁液を接触させることを特徴とする。
【0059】
すなわち、まず酸またはアルカリの含水溶液で処理することによりポリマー粒子表面に露出しいると考えられる加水分解を受け易いエステル結合を加水分解し、更にアミド化試薬を含む溶液または懸濁液をポリマー粒子に接触させることによって、遊離したカルボキシル基をアミド基に変換するのである。
【0060】
改質を施されるポリマー粒子は、あらかじめカラムに充填されていてもいなくてもかまわない。すなわち、酸またはアルカリの含水溶液による加水分解処理とアミド化によるキャッピング処理の一方または両方を、ポリマー粒子がカラムに充填された状態で行なってもよい。充填された状態で処理するには、試薬を含む溶液または懸濁液をカラムに送り込む方法が用いられる。送り込みの量・温度・速度・時間に関するパターン、送り込み後の静置条件等については、反応を完結させるための必要に応じて適宜設定される。
【0061】
液に接触し易いエステル結合を含有するポリマー粒子が充填された従来の液体クロマトグラフィー用カラムでは、強酸性または強アルカリ性の溶離液を通液する前後において、ピリジンなどの有機塩基の溶出時間及びピーク形状が大きく変化することがある。それに対して、本発明のポリマー粒子が充填された液体クロマトグラフィー用カラムでは、強酸性または強アルカリ性の溶離液を通液する前後における、ピリジンなどの有機塩基の溶出時間及びピーク形状の変化は、顕著に抑制されている。
【0062】
液に接触し易いエステル結合を含有するポリマー粒子が充填された従来の液体クロマトグラフィー用カラムで測定時に見られた上記の問題点は、強酸性または強アルカリ性の溶離液を通液する時にポリマー粒子表面に露出していたエステル結合が加水分解され、遊離カルボキシル基が生成されることに起因していると考えられる。遊離カルボキシル基はプロトン型(R−COOH)と金属型(R−COOM)が共存すると考えられる。ピリジンなどの有機塩基(以下、「ピリジン」という。)の吸着を大きくするのは、主に前者である。これはプロトン型(R−COOH)の近傍では局部的にpHが低くなっているため、ピリジンとピリジニウムイオンの平衡が後者に傾き、R−COO(−)→HNC5H5(+)というイオン結合を生じ易くなるからである。この現象は塩を全く添加しない溶離液を用いると更に顕著に現れる。というのは、溶離液に微量の金属が混在していると、それがプロトン型(R−COOH)の近傍を通るときに捕捉され、カラム内に濃縮されていく。その結果、金属型(R−COOM)が増加し、ピリジンは吸着されにくくなるからである。アルカリ耐久性を正確に評価するためには金属型(R−COOM)をプロトン型(R−COOH)に変換する必要がある。そのためピリジンを分析する前にカラムにリン酸等を含有した酸溶液を通液すればよい。
【0063】
これらの点から、評価対象カラムに対して強酸性または強アルカリ性の溶離液を通液する前後でピリジン分析をすれば、改質の効果を明確に検出することができる。
【0064】
すなわち、エステル結合が加水分解され遊離カルボキシル基が生成すると、ピリジンの保持容量が増大し且つピーク形状がテーリングするため、本発明における改質後のポリマー粒子を改質前のポリマー粒子と比較することにより、本発明の効果を検知することが可能である。
【0065】
上記方法により、酸またはアルカリの含水溶液による加水分解処理とアミド化によるキャッピング処理からなる、ポリマー粒子の酸・アルカリ耐久性の改質効果を、明らかにすることができた。
【0066】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を実施例により更に詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれら実施例により何ら限定されるものではない。実施例1では、逆相液体クロマトグラフィーカラム用に好適なポリマー系充填剤の製造過程を、最初の基材ゲルの調製から最後の炭素鎖の導入に至るまで一貫して記載するが、本発明に本質的に関わる部分は、工程3及び工程4である。このように、本発明の方法は、ポリマー粒子を製造する一連の工程の途中に挿入して利用することが可能である。
【0067】
(実施例1)
<工程1:基材架橋重合体粒子合成>
グリセリンジメタクリレート2000gと1−ヘキサノール900gの混合液に、2,2’−アゾビス(イソブチロニトリル)30gを溶解させ、油相を調製した。一方、ポリビニルアルコール(クラレ株式会社製クラレポバールPVA−224)180gを水3リットルに溶解させ、そこへ水7リットル、次いで塩化ナトリウム240gを水2リットルに溶解させた溶液及びドデシル硫酸ナトリウム15gを水485mlに溶解させた溶液を加えて混合し、水相を調製した。20Lのステンレス製容器内で上記油相と上記水相を混合し、高速分散機(ホモジナイザー)にかけ、回転数と分散時間を調節することにより、油滴の最大粒子径が3μmになるように調整した。
【0068】
次いで、150rpmで撹拌しながら、70℃で4時間反応を行った。生成した架橋重合体粒子を遠心分離(2000rpm、10分間)して上澄みを捨て、沈澱を70℃の温水12リットルに分散(超音波洗浄器使用)後、70℃で3時間撹拌した。これを吸引濾過し、漏斗上のゲルを70℃の温水60リットル、次いでアセトン18リットルで洗浄した後、ステンレス製バットに広げて風乾し、さらに60℃で24時間減圧乾燥した。これを風力分級装置で分級し、重量平均粒子径3μmの架橋重合体粒子(以下、「基材ゲル」という。)716gを得た。
【0069】
<工程2:徹底洗浄>
工程1で得られた基材ゲル50gに純水500mlを加え、60℃で5時間加熱撹拌した後、粒子を濾取し、70℃の温水2000ml、メタノール300mlで順次洗浄した。これをステンレス製バットに広げて風乾後、更に60℃で24時間減圧乾燥し、徹底洗浄済み基材ゲル49gを得た。
【0070】
<工程3:アルカリの含水溶液による加水分解処理>
工程2で得られた徹底洗浄済み基材ゲル10gを0.1N水酸化ナトリウム水溶液50mlに分散させ、50℃で2時間撹拌した。反応液を吸引濾過し、漏斗上のゲルを0.01N塩酸溶液100ml、水500ml、アセトン100mlで順次洗浄した。これをステンレス製バットに広げて風乾後、さらに60℃で3時間減圧乾燥し、加水分解処理済みゲル10gを得た。
【0071】
<工程4:アミド化キャッピング>
工程3で得られた加水分解処理済みゲル10gを25℃のクロロホルム50mlに分散させた。それを25℃の水浴中で撹拌しながら、まずトリエチルアミン2.3gを添加し、5分後にクロロ蟻酸エチル2.5gを添加した。それから30分後、1−プロピルアミン1.6gを添加し、その後3時間反応させた。反応混合物を吸引濾過し、漏斗上のゲルをクロロホルム100ml、水500ml、アセトン100mlで順次洗浄した。これをステンレス製バットに広げて風乾後、さらに60℃で3時間減圧乾燥し、アミド化キャッピング済みゲル10gを得た。
【0072】
<工程5:表面架橋及びエポキシ開環反応>
工程4で得られたアミド化キャッピング済みゲル10gとエチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル1gをトルエン50mlに加え、40℃の水浴中で撹拌下、三ふっ化ほう素ジエチルエーテル錯体0.5gを添加し、3時間反応させた。反応混合物を吸引濾過し、漏斗上のゲルをアセトン100ml、次いで水500mlで洗浄した。ゲルを反応容器に移し0.1N塩酸50mlを加え50℃で1時間反応させた。これを吸引濾過し、漏斗上のゲルを水500ml、次いでアセトン100mlで洗浄した。これをステンレス製バットに広げて風乾後、さらに60℃で3時間減圧乾燥し、表面架橋済みゲル11.5gを得た。
【0073】
<行程6:C18化反応>
工程5で得られた表面架橋済みゲル10gとオクタデシルグリシジルエーテル3gをトルエン100mlに分散させ、40℃の水浴中で撹拌下、三ふっ化ほう素ジエチルエーテル錯体0.5gを添加し、3時間反応させた。反応混合物を吸引濾過し、漏斗上のゲルをトルエン100ml、テトラヒドロフラン300ml、水500ml、アセトン100mlで順次洗浄した。これをステンレス製バットに広げて風乾後、さらに60℃で3時間減圧乾燥し、炭素鎖導入済みゲル10.5gを得た。
【0074】
<修飾ゲルの充填>
工程6で得られた炭素鎖導入済みゲルを、内径4.6mm×長さ150mmのステンレス製カラムにスラリー法で充填し、逆相クロマトグラフィー用カラムを作製した(以下「カラムA」という。)。
【0075】
(比較例1)
実施例1のカラム製造工程において工程3及び工程4を除いて作製した(以下「カラムB」という。)。
【0076】
(比較例2)
実施例1のカラム製造工程において工程4を除いて作製した(以下「カラムC」という。)。
【0077】
(1.アルカリ耐久性の比較)
実施例1(カラムA)、比較例1(カラムB)のアルカリ耐久性を以下の方法で評価した。また、アミド化キャッピングの効果を明確にするため比較例2(カラムC)のピリジン/フェノール試験結果も示した。
【0078】
1−1.アルカリ耐久性評価方法
1−1−1.初期状態のピリジン/フェノール試験
まず、試験対象カラムに酸性溶離液を以下の条件で通液する。これは、遊離カルボキシル基が存在する場合にそれをプロトン型(RCおおH)に偏らせるためである。
・溶離液:CH3CN/0.1%りん酸水溶液=30/70(v/v)
・流量:0.3ml/min
・カラム温度:25℃
・通液時間:30分
続いて下記の条件に変更し、30分以上液置換をした後でピリジンとフェノールを分析する。
・溶離液:CH3CN/H2O=30/70(v/v)
・流量:1.00ml/min
・カラム温度:40℃
【0079】
1−1−2.強アルカリ性溶離液の通液
初期状態のピリジン/フェノール試験を済ませた試験対象カラムに、強アルカリ性の溶離液を以下の条件で通液する。この操作により、液に接触し易いエステル結合が存在する場合は、それが加水分解されて遊離カルボキシル基を生ずる。
・溶離液:CH3CN/0.01N−NaOH(pH12)=50/50(v/v)
・流量:0.50ml/min
・カラム温度:40℃
・通液時間:4時間
【0080】
1−1−3.強アルカリ通液後のピリジン/フェノール試験
強アルカリ通液後の試験対象カラムについて、上記1−1−1.と同様な手順でピリジン/フェノール試験を実施する。
【0081】
1−2.アルカリ耐久性評価結果
カラムAとカラムBの評価結果を表1に示す。表中の保持能k’は非保持時間t0と化合物の保持時間trを用い下式、
k’=(tr−t0)/t0
によって算出した。
またテーリング係数Tは5%ピーク高さのピーク幅W0.05hとピーク立ち上がり側のピーク幅fを用い下式、
T=W0.05h/f
によって算出した。
【0082】
【表1】
【0083】
カラムA、カラムBともに、初期状態と強アルカリ通液後でフェノールの保持能k’は変化しなかったが、カラムBではピリジンの保持能が56%大きくなりテーリング係数も増加した。これは強アルカリ性溶離液通液中にエステル結合が加水分解され遊離カルボキシル基が生成したことを示すと考えられる。これに対してカラムAではピリジンピークにほとんど変化がなかったことから、本発明の効果が顕著に現れていると考えられる。
【0084】
またカラムAとカラムCとの初期状態でのピリジン保持能とテーリング係数を比較することにより、充填剤製造工程のアルカリ処理により生じたカルボキシル基がアミド化キャッピングされたことを確認できる。
【0085】
(2.酸耐久性の比較)
実施例1(カラムA)と比較例1(カラムB)の酸耐久性を以下の方法で評価した。
【0086】
2−1.酸耐久性評価方法
2−1−1.初期状態のピリジン/フェノール試験
上記1−1−1.と同様の手順でピリジン/フェノール試験を実施する。
【0087】
2−1−2.強酸性溶離液の通液
初期状態のピリジン/フェノール試験を済ませた試験対象カラムに、強酸性の溶離液を以下の条件で通液する。この操作により、液に接触し易いエステル結合が存在する場合は、それが加水分解されて遊離カルボキシル基を生ずる。
・溶離液:MeOH/1%トリフルオロ酢酸水溶液(pH1.2)=10/90(v/v)
・流量:1.00ml/min
・カラム温度:40℃
・通液時間:70時間
【0088】
2−1−3.強酸通液後のピリジン/フェノール試験
強酸通液後の試験対象カラムについて、上記1−1−1.と同様な手順でピリジン/フェノール試験を実施する。
【0089】
2−2.酸耐久性評価結果
カラムAとカラムBの評価結果を表2に示す。表中の保持能k’は非保持時間t0と化合物の保持時間trを用い下式、
k’=(tr−t0)/t0
によって算出した。
また、テーリング係数Tは5%ピーク高さのピーク幅W0.05hとピーク立ち上がり側のピーク幅fを用い下式、
T=W0.05h/f
によって算出した。
【0090】
【表2】
【0091】
カラムA、カラムBともに、初期状態と強酸通液後でフェノールの保持能は変化しなかったが、カラムBではピリジンの保持能が63%大きくなりテーリング係数も増加した。これは強酸性溶離液通液中にエステル結合が加水分解され遊離カルボキシル基が生成したことを示すと考えられる。これに対してカラムAではピリジンピークにほとんど変化がなかったことから、本発明の効果が顕著に現れていると考えられる。
【0092】
本発明の方法で改質したポリマー粒子を充填してクロマトグラフィー用カラムを作り、強酸性または強アルカリ性溶離液を通液する前後で、ピリジンなどの有機塩基を分析して比較してみると、保持能の増大、及びピークのテーリングが未処理のものに比べて顕著に抑制されていることがわかり、本発明の効果を確認することができた。
【0093】
【発明の効果】
本発明の改質されたポリマー粒子は、表面に近く、液に接触し易いエステル結合を加水分解し、そのカルボキシル基をアミド基に変換しているため、その後は、加水分解しにくいアミド結合が表面に存在し、液が残存したエステル結合と接触し難くなるため、酸・アルカリ耐久性が増すと考えられる。
【0094】
本発明のポリマー粒子は、クロマトグラフィー用充填剤として用いることができ、これを充填したカラムは、酸・アルカリ耐久性が高いため、特に医・農薬、食品添加物及びそれらの中間体、天然または合成ポリマー及びそれらの添加物及び環境汚染物質の分離・分析など幅広い分野に有用である。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a modified polymer particle having improved acid-alkali durability, a modified packing material for chromatography, a method for producing the same, a modification method, and a chromatography column using the packing material.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, acrylate and methacrylate-based polymer particles have been used as resins for ion exchange and as fillers for various chromatography. However, since it contains an ester bond in the molecule, when it is used in an acid or alkali solution, the strength decreases due to hydrolysis of the ester bond, or when used as a packing material for chromatography, the analysis pattern changes due to the released carboxyl group. As a result, the pH range of usable solutions was limited.
[0003]
Examples of the use of the packing material for chromatography include chromatography for anion analysis. Anion chromatography includes a suppressor method (a method using a suppressor) and a non-suppressor method (a method without a suppressor). In the suppressor method, an alkaline solution having a pH of 10 or more, such as a carbonate buffer or sodium hydroxide, is used as an eluent. On the other hand, in the non-suppressor method, a weakly acidic solution such as p-hydroxybenzoic acid, phthalic acid, and trimesic acid is used. For this reason, the use of conventional acrylate and methacrylate-based fillers has been limited only as fillers for non-suppressor methods (see Patent Document 1).
[0004]
Further, a method for producing an anion exchanger, comprising treating an anion exchanger containing an acrylate and methacrylate ester bond with an alkali solution to decompose the ester bond to generate a hydroxyl group and / or a carboxyl group. An ion exchanger and a method for measuring anions using the same are disclosed (see Patent Document 2). However, in this case, the purpose of treating the polymer containing an ester bond with an aqueous solution containing an acid or an alkali is to release a hydroxyl group and / or a carboxyl group, and to adjust the retention time of an anion at the time of analysis using these free radicals. It is for.
[0005]
Another example of the use of the packing material for chromatography is reverse phase chromatography. Silica-based particles such as octadecylated silica gel (hereinafter referred to as "ODS") are most often used as a packing material for reversed-phase columns, but polymer particles are also used due to problems in chemical stability. Examples of the acrylate-based or methacrylate-based filler include an ethylene glycol dimethacrylate / alkyl methacrylate copolymer and a glycerin dimethacrylate homopolymer in which an octadecanoyl group is introduced.
[0006]
In many cases, unreacted silanol groups remain in the silica-based particles, so that sufficient separation performance for a reversed-phase column may not be obtained in some cases. The amount of the remaining silanol groups can be determined by injecting an organic base such as pyridine into the packed column and comparing the peak shapes.It is generally known that the more residual silanol groups, the more intense the tailing of the peak. ing.
[0007]
As a solution to the above-mentioned problem such as found in silica-based fillers, there is a method of capping the remaining silanol groups with an inert group. Recently, as a method of performing capping at a higher density, a closed container in an inert gas atmosphere is used. A method of reacting two types of terminal adducts which partially form a complex compound in the solution (JP-A-10-72579), a method of reacting with a chemical modifier in a supercritical fluid (JP-A-9-49829), and the like. ing.
[0008]
On the other hand, columns packed with polymer particles have the advantage of better chemical stability than silica columns, but (1) large lot differences in retention capacity, and (2) poor reproducibility of retention capacity. , (3) Intense tailing, (4) The number of theoretical plates is low, and so on, the level of silica columns has not been reached. Very limited. These problems appear particularly when using an eluent to which no salt is added. It is disclosed that this problem was solved by capping a free carboxyl group of a polymer filler with an inert group (see Patent Document 3). However, also in this case, the acid / alkali durability was not sufficient, and the pH range of the eluent used was limited.
[0009]
Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-302838 discloses that a filler obtained by covering a polymer particle with a crosslinkable epoxy compound and introducing a carbon chain through an ether bond has high acid / alkali resistance. However, even in these cases, when acrylate-based or methacrylate-based particles are used as a base gel, when a strong acid or strong alkali solution is used as an eluent, ester bonds exposed on the surface of the particles are hydrolyzed and new free carboxyl groups are formed. Since it is formed, the pH range of the eluent that can be used during analysis is limited.
[0010]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2000-22179 A
[Patent Document 2]
JP 2002-194117 A
[Patent Document 3]
JP 2000-310623 A
[0011]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
One object of the present invention is to provide polymer particles having improved acid-alkali durability that can be used even under a strong acid or strong alkali solution when polymer particles containing an ester bond are used for liquid chromatography analysis. I do. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a polymer particle modified with acid / alkali durability, a modified packing material for chromatography, a method for producing the same, and a chromatography column using the same. I do.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors treat the polymer particles containing an ester bond with an aqueous solution containing an acid or an alkali to hydrolyze the ester bond which is easily in contact with the liquid and easily hydrolyze to liberate a carboxyl group, It has been found that by capping the free carboxyl group by amidation, the acid / alkali durability of the polymer particles is improved, and the present invention has been completed.
[0013]
That is, the present invention relates to, for example, the following matters.
[0014]
[1] By treating a polymer particle containing an ester bond with an aqueous solution containing an acid or an alkali, a part of the ester bond is hydrolyzed to release a carboxyl group, and the free carboxyl group is further capped by amidation. A polymer particle having modified acid / alkali durability, characterized in that:
[0015]
[2] The polymer particles having modified acid-alkali durability according to [1], wherein some of the ester bonds are ester bonds that easily come into contact with a liquid.
[0016]
[3] The amine used for amidation is represented by formula (1)
NHR1R2(1)
(R1, R2Independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 18 or less carbon atoms, which may be branched or substituted by halogen, or a phenyl group. The acid / alkali durability-modified polymer particles according to [1], which is an amine represented by the following formula:
[0017]
[4] The amine used for amidation is represented by formula (2)
NH2R3(2)
(R3Represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 18 or less carbon atoms, which may be branched or may be substituted by halogen, or a phenyl group. The acid / alkali durability-modified polymer particles according to [3], which is an amine represented by the following formula:
[0018]
[5] When the alkali durability was evaluated by the following method using a polymer particle packed in a column having an inner diameter of 4.6 mm and a length of 150 mm, the increase rate of the pyridine retention ability after passing the alkaline eluent was 50%. % Modified acid-alkali durability polymer particles.
Evaluation method: {circle around (1)} An eluent of acetonitrile / 0.1% aqueous solution of phosphoric acid = 30/70 was passed at a flow rate of 0.3 ml / min for 30 minutes, and a flow rate was determined using an eluent of acetonitrile / water = 30/70. The column temperature is adjusted to 40 ° C. at 0.5 ml / min, and the ability to retain pyridine is measured.
{Circle around (2)} An acetonitrile / 0.01 molar aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide = 50/50 alkaline eluent was passed through the same column at a flow rate of 0.5 ml / min at a column temperature of 40 ° C. for 4 hours. A 1% aqueous phosphoric acid solution (30/70) was passed through the eluent at a flow rate of 0.3 ml / min for 30 minutes, and a column temperature of 40 ml was used at a flow rate of 0.5 ml / min using an eluent of acetonitrile / water = 30/70. C. and measure the pyridine retention capacity.
(3) The pyridine retention ability of (2) is compared with the pyridine retention ability of (1).
[0019]
[6] The polymer particle modified in acid / alkali durability according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the average particle size of the polymer particle is 1 to 50 μm.
[0020]
[7] By treating a polymer particle containing an ester bond with an aqueous solution containing an acid or an alkali, a part of the ester bond is hydrolyzed to release a carboxyl group, and the free carboxyl group is further capped by amidation. A polymer-based filler for chromatography, characterized by using polymer particles modified in acid / alkali durability, characterized in that:
[0021]
[8] The polymer-based packing material for chromatography according to [7], wherein some of the ester bonds are ester bonds that are easily contacted with a liquid.
[0022]
[9] The amine used for amidation is represented by the formula (1)
NHR1R2(1)
(R1, R2Independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 18 or less carbon atoms, which may be branched or substituted by halogen, or a phenyl group. The polymer-based packing material for chromatography according to [7], which is an amine represented by the formula:
[0023]
[10] The amine used for amidation is represented by the formula (2)
NH2R3(2)
(R3Represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 18 or less carbon atoms, which may be branched or may be substituted by halogen, or a phenyl group. The polymer-based filler for chromatography according to [9], which is an amine represented by the following formula:
[0024]
[11] When the alkali durability was evaluated by the following method using a polymer particle packed in a column having an inner diameter of 4.6 mm and a length of 150 mm, the increase rate of the pyridine retention ability after passing the alkaline eluent was 50%. % Of a polymer particle for use in chromatography, wherein the polymer particle has a modified acid-alkali durability of not more than 10%.
Evaluation method: {circle around (1)} An eluent of acetonitrile / 0.1% aqueous solution of phosphoric acid = 30/70 was passed at a flow rate of 0.3 ml / min for 30 minutes, and a flow rate was determined using an eluent of acetonitrile / water = 30/70. The column temperature is adjusted to 40 ° C. at 0.5 ml / min, and the ability to retain pyridine is measured.
{Circle around (2)} An acetonitrile / 0.01 molar aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide = 50/50 alkaline eluent was passed through the same column at a flow rate of 0.5 ml / min at a column temperature of 40 ° C. for 4 hours. A 1% aqueous phosphoric acid solution (30/70) was passed through the eluent at a flow rate of 0.3 ml / min for 30 minutes, and a column temperature of 40 ml was used at a flow rate of 0.5 ml / min using an eluent of acetonitrile / water = 30/70. C. and measure the pyridine retention capacity.
(3) The pyridine retention ability of (2) is compared with the pyridine retention ability of (1).
[0025]
[12] The polymer filler for chromatography according to any one of [7] to [11], wherein the polymer particles have an average particle size of 1 to 50 μm.
[0026]
[13] A polymer particle containing an ester bond is treated with an aqueous solution of an acid or an alkali to hydrolyze a part of the ester bond to release a carboxyl group, and the free carboxyl group is capped by amidation. A method for producing polymer particles having improved acid / alkali durability, characterized by comprising:
[0027]
[14] The method for producing polymer particles having modified acid / alkali durability according to [13], wherein some of the ester bonds are ester bonds which are easily brought into contact with the liquid.
[0028]
[15] The amine used for amidation is represented by the formula (1)
NHR1R2(1)
(R1, R2Independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 18 or less carbon atoms, which may be branched or substituted by halogen, or a phenyl group. [13] The method for producing polymer particles having modified acid / alkali durability according to [13], which is an amine represented by the following formula:
[0029]
[16] The amine used for amidation is represented by the formula (2)
NH2R3(2)
(R3Represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 18 or less carbon atoms, which may be branched or may be substituted by halogen, or a phenyl group. The method for producing polymer particles having modified acid / alkali durability according to [15], which is an amine represented by the following formula:
[0030]
[17] When the alkali durability was evaluated by the following method using a column packed with polymer particles having an inner diameter of 4.6 mm and a length of 150 mm, the increase rate of the pyridine retention ability after passing the alkaline eluent was 50%. % Or less, the method for producing polymer particles modified in acid / alkali durability according to any one of [13] to [16].
Evaluation method: {circle around (1)} An eluent of acetonitrile / 0.1% aqueous solution of phosphoric acid = 30/70 was passed at a flow rate of 0.3 ml / min for 30 minutes, and the flow rate was determined using an eluent of acetonitrile / water = 30/70 The column temperature is adjusted to 40 ° C. at 0.5 ml / min, and the ability to retain pyridine is measured.
[0031]
{Circle around (2)} An acetonitrile / 0.01 molar aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide = 50/50 alkaline eluent was passed through the same column at a flow rate of 0.5 ml / min at a column temperature of 40 ° C. for 4 hours. A 1% aqueous phosphoric acid solution (30/70) was passed through the eluent at a flow rate of 0.3 ml / min for 30 minutes, and a column temperature of 40 ml was used at a flow rate of 0.5 ml / min using an eluent of acetonitrile / water = 30/70. C. and measure the pyridine retention capacity.
[0032]
(3) The pyridine retention ability of (2) is compared with the pyridine retention ability of (1).
[0033]
[18] The polymer particle modified in acid / alkali durability according to any of [13] to [16], wherein the polymer particle has an average particle size of 1 to 50 μm.
[0034]
[19] In producing the polymer-based packing material for chromatography according to any one of [6] to [12], one or both of a hydrolysis treatment with an aqueous solution containing an acid or an alkali and a capping treatment by amidation are performed. A method for producing a polymer-based packing material for chromatography, which is carried out in a state where the polymer-based packing material is packed in a column.
[0035]
[20] A chromatography column using the polymer-based packing material for chromatography according to any one of [6] to [12], wherein the acid / alkali durability is modified.
[0036]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
In the present invention, when polymer particles containing an ester bond are used for liquid chromatography, the ester bond which is easily in contact with the liquid and is easily hydrolyzed is hydrolyzed in advance, a carboxyl group is released, and the carboxyl group is amidated. The capping suppresses ester hydrolysis occurring during the use of chromatographic analysis, improves the acid / alkali durability of the polymer particles, and enables stable analysis.
[0037]
That is, in Patent Document 3, the polymer particles are polymerized, and the carboxy group generated during the production is capped, whereas in the present invention, the ester bond which is easily hydrolyzed is actively hydrolyzed. As a result, the acid / alkali durability is remarkably improved.
[0038]
The polymer particles to be modified by the method of the present invention contain ester bonds in the molecule, and include, for example, crosslinkable particles having a polyester structure. Further, even in the case of a polymer particle in which an ester bond in question is contained in a part of the structure, if the ester bond is considered to be a cause of reducing acid-alkali durability, the present invention It is an object to be reformed by the method.
[0039]
Examples of the polymer particles having a polyester structure include ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate / alkyl (meth) acrylate copolymer, ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate homopolymer, and glycerin di (meth) acrylate / alkyl (meth) Acrylate copolymer, glycerin di (meth) acrylate homopolymer and its modification, ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate / glycerin di (meth) acrylate copolymer and its modification, trimethylolpropane tri ( (Meth) acrylate / alkyl (meth) acrylate copolymer, trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate homopolymer, pentaerythritol tri (meth) acrylate / alkyl (meth) acrylate copolymer, and its modification , Pentaerythritol tri (meth) acrylate homopolymer and its modification, vinyl (meth) acrylate homopolymer, ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate / glycidyl (meth) acrylate copolymer, hydrolysis of oxirane ring Alternatively, modified ones may be mentioned.
[0040]
Examples of the polymer particles in which the ester bond in question is contained in a part of the structure include, in addition to the ester structure as described above, amides, imides, alcohols, ethers, aromatic rings, and alkyl chains. One or a plurality of partial structures at the same time.
[0041]
Since these polymer particles contain ester bonds, the ester bonds exposed on the surface of the particles are hydrolyzed when they are used in an aqueous solution containing an acid or an alkali, so that the acid / alkali durability is low.
[0042]
The modified polymer particles referred to in the present invention are formed by pre-cutting an easily hydrolyzed ester bond exposed on the surface of the polymer particle containing an ester bond as exemplified above with an aqueous solution of an acid or an alkali. This includes all of the obtained free carboxyl groups capped by amidation.
[0043]
The amide bond is less likely to be hydrolyzed than the ester bond (PROTECTIVE GROUPS in ORGANIC SYNTHESIS 3rd edition 中 Refer to the middle section of page 442). When converted into an amide bond, generation of a carboxyl group can be suppressed even when used in an acid or alkali solution, and the durability of the polymer particles is improved.
[0044]
That is, the ester bond which is easily contacted with the liquid of the present invention is an ester bond relatively on the surface of the polymer. By converting such an ester bond into an amide bond, the polymer surface is protected by the amide bond which is hardly hydrolyzed as described above. Therefore, the ester bond which has not been hydrolyzed by the acid or alkali treatment becomes less likely to come into contact with the liquid when used as a column or the like. It is thought that the acid / alkali durability of the polymer particles is thereby increased.
[0045]
The polymer particles to be modified in the present invention can be of various sizes depending on the application. Above all, it is preferable to use a filler having an average particle size of 1 to 50 μm, preferably 1.5 to 30 μm, and more preferably 2 to 10 μm as a packing material for chromatography. If the average particle size is smaller than 1 μm, the column pressure becomes too high to exceed the strength limit of the particles, which is not preferable.
[0046]
In the present invention, a specific example of a method of treating with an aqueous solution containing an acid or an alkali in order to cut an ester bond which is considered to be exposed on the surface of the polymer particle and is easily hydrolyzed will be described.
[0047]
As the aqueous solution containing an acid, an aqueous solution such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid can be used. When these aqueous solutions are not easily adapted to the polymer particles, a water-soluble organic solvent that does not react in a strong acid solution, for example, dimethyl sulfoxide or the like may be added before use. The concentration is not particularly limited as long as the ester bond on the surface of the polymer particles can be hydrolyzed, but the pH of the solution is appropriately adjusted so as to be 3 or less, preferably 1 to 2, to suspend the polymer particles. The reaction temperature is not particularly limited as long as the ester bond on the surface of the polymer particles can be hydrolyzed, but is set to 20 ° C to 100 ° C, preferably 30 ° C to 80 ° C, more preferably 40 ° C to 60 ° C. The reaction time is not particularly limited as long as the ester bond on the surface of the polymer particles can be hydrolyzed, but is stirred and reacted for 30 minutes to 24 hours, preferably 30 minutes to 10 hours, more preferably 1 hour to 6 hours. .
[0048]
As the alkali-containing aqueous solution, an aqueous solution of a hydroxide such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide can be used. When these aqueous solutions are not easily adapted to the polymer particles, they may be used after adding an appropriate amount of a water-soluble organic solvent which does not react in a strong alkaline solution, such as dimethyl sulfoxide. The concentration is not particularly limited as long as the ester bond on the surface of the polymer particles can be hydrolyzed, but the pH of the solution is appropriately adjusted so as to be 10 or more and 14 or less, preferably 11 to 13, and the polymer particles are suspended. The reaction temperature is not particularly limited as long as the ester bond on the surface of the polymer particles can be hydrolyzed, but is set to 20 ° C to 100 ° C, preferably 30 ° C to 80 ° C, more preferably 40 ° C to 60 ° C. The reaction time is not particularly limited as long as the ester bond on the surface of the polymer particles can be hydrolyzed, but is stirred and reacted for 20 minutes to 24 hours, preferably 30 minutes to 10 hours, more preferably 1 hour to 6 hours. .
[0049]
The ranges of pH, reaction temperature, and reaction time under the conditions for hydrolysis of the ester bond as described above may be adjusted and used independently, but it is preferable to use all conditions in combination.
[0050]
The specific method of amidation used for capping in the present invention will be described.
[0051]
The amine used for amidation is basically not limited as long as it can cap the free carboxyl group, but it does not limit the reactivity at the time of amidation, the restriction of introduction due to steric hindrance, the stability at the time of amide conversion, etc. Equation (1)
NHR1R2(1)
(R1, R2Independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 18 or less carbon atoms, which may be branched or substituted by halogen, or a phenyl group. The amine represented by) is preferably used.
[0052]
More preferably, the formula (2)
NH2R3(2)
(R3Represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 18 or less carbon atoms, which may be branched or may be substituted by halogen, or a phenyl group. The primary amine represented by) is desirable.
[0053]
As the size of the substituent is smaller, the steric hindrance is smaller, so that the introduction efficiency is increased, and there is an advantage that the hydrophobicity of the polymer particles before modification is not largely changed. However, when the amount of free carboxyl groups to be capped is extremely small, even if a relatively large inactive group is introduced, a small change in hydrophobicity is required, so that it can be used even if it has a certain size. is there. That is, in the alkylamine, the alkyl group has a carbon number of 18 or less, preferably has a carbon number of 12 or less, more preferably has a carbon number of 6 or less, and still more preferably has a carbon number of 4 or less. It is preferred to choose.
[0054]
For example, ammonia, methylamine, ethylamine, 1-propylamine, isopropylamine, 1-butylamine, isobutylamine, t-butylamine, 1-hexylamine, cyclohexylamine, 1-octylamine, dimethylamine, diethylamine, di ( 1-propyl) amine and the like.
[0055]
For the amidation in the present invention, a general method used in peptide synthesis and the like can be applied. However, it is necessary that undesired changes are not exerted on portions other than the free carboxyl groups of the polymer particles to be modified. Furthermore, in consideration of practical aspects such as introduction efficiency, easiness of handling, and cost, it is preferable to perform amidation using the following combinations of reagents.
[0056]
(A) {circle around (1)} Reagent for producing a mixed acid anhydride such as ethyl chloroformate; tertiary amine such as triethylamine; organic solvent such as chloroform, and then ② amine represented by formula (1).
[0057]
(B) an amine represented by the formula (2) such as 1-propylamine; a dehydration condensing agent such as N, N'-diisopropylcarbodiimide; and an organic solvent such as toluene and N, N-dimethylformamide.
[0058]
The method for modifying a polymer particle containing an ester bond in the present invention is characterized in that the polymer particle is treated with an aqueous solution containing the above-mentioned acid or alkali, and further contacted with a solution or suspension containing the above-mentioned amidating reagent. .
[0059]
That is, first, by treating with an acid or alkali-containing aqueous solution, an ester bond which is considered to be exposed on the surface of the polymer particles is susceptible to hydrolysis, and then a solution or suspension containing an amidating reagent is further polymerized. The carboxyl group liberated is converted into an amide group by contacting the compound with a carboxyl group.
[0060]
The polymer particles to be modified may or may not be pre-packed in a column. That is, one or both of the hydrolysis treatment with an acid or alkali aqueous solution and the capping treatment by amidation may be performed in a state where the polymer particles are packed in the column. For processing in a packed state, a method of feeding a solution or suspension containing a reagent into a column is used. The pattern relating to the amount, temperature, speed, and time of feeding, and the stationary conditions after feeding are appropriately set as necessary to complete the reaction.
[0061]
With conventional liquid chromatography columns packed with polymer particles containing ester bonds that are easily accessible to liquids, the elution time and peak of organic bases such as pyridine before and after passing through a strongly acidic or strongly alkaline eluent The shape may change significantly. On the other hand, in the column for liquid chromatography packed with the polymer particles of the present invention, the change in the elution time and peak shape of an organic base such as pyridine before and after passing through a strongly acidic or strongly alkaline eluent is as follows. It is significantly suppressed.
[0062]
The above-mentioned problem observed at the time of measurement in a conventional liquid chromatography column packed with polymer particles containing an ester bond which easily comes into contact with the liquid is caused by the fact that the polymer particles pass through a strongly acidic or strongly alkaline eluent. It is considered that the ester bond exposed on the surface is hydrolyzed to generate a free carboxyl group. It is considered that the free carboxyl group has both a proton type (R-COOH) and a metal type (R-COOM). The former mainly increases the adsorption of an organic base such as pyridine (hereinafter referred to as "pyridine"). This is because the pH is locally low near the proton type (R-COOH), so that the equilibrium between pyridine and pyridinium ions tilts toward the latter, and R-COO (-) → HNC5H5This is because the ionic bond (+) is easily generated. This phenomenon is even more pronounced when an eluent containing no salt is used. That is, if a trace amount of metal is mixed in the eluent, it is trapped when passing near the proton type (R-COOH) and is concentrated in the column. As a result, the metal type (R-COOM) increases and pyridine is hardly adsorbed. In order to accurately evaluate alkali durability, it is necessary to convert a metal type (R-COOM) to a proton type (R-COOH). Therefore, an acid solution containing phosphoric acid or the like may be passed through the column before analyzing pyridine.
[0063]
From these points, if the pyridine analysis is performed before and after passing the strongly acidic or strongly alkaline eluent through the column to be evaluated, the effect of the modification can be clearly detected.
[0064]
That is, when the ester bond is hydrolyzed to generate a free carboxyl group, the retention capacity of pyridine increases and the peak shape tails, so that the polymer particles after modification in the present invention are compared with the polymer particles before modification. Thus, the effect of the present invention can be detected.
[0065]
By the above method, it was possible to clarify the effect of modifying the acid / alkali durability of the polymer particles, which comprises a hydrolysis treatment with an aqueous solution containing an acid or an alkali and a capping treatment by amidation.
[0066]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. In Example 1, a process for producing a polymer-based packing material suitable for a reversed-phase liquid chromatography column is described consistently from the preparation of the first base gel to the introduction of the last carbon chain. Are essentially related to step 3 and step 4. As described above, the method of the present invention can be used by being inserted in the middle of a series of steps for producing polymer particles.
[0067]
(Example 1)
<Step 1: Synthesis of cross-linked base polymer particles>
30 g of 2,2'-azobis (isobutyronitrile) was dissolved in a mixed solution of 2000 g of glycerin dimethacrylate and 900 g of 1-hexanol to prepare an oil phase. On the other hand, 180 g of polyvinyl alcohol (Kuraray Poval PVA-224 manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) is dissolved in 3 liters of water, and 7 liters of water, then a solution of 240 g of sodium chloride dissolved in 2 liters of water and 15 g of sodium dodecyl sulfate are added to water. A solution dissolved in 485 ml was added and mixed to prepare an aqueous phase. The oil phase and the aqueous phase are mixed in a 20 L stainless steel container, and the mixture is applied to a high-speed dispersing machine (homogenizer), and the number of rotations and the dispersion time are adjusted so that the maximum particle diameter of the oil droplets becomes 3 μm. did.
[0068]
Next, the reaction was carried out at 70 ° C. for 4 hours while stirring at 150 rpm. The resulting crosslinked polymer particles were centrifuged (2000 rpm, 10 minutes), the supernatant was discarded, and the precipitate was dispersed in 12 liters of 70 ° C warm water (using an ultrasonic washing machine), followed by stirring at 70 ° C for 3 hours. This was filtered by suction, and the gel on the funnel was washed with 60 liters of warm water at 70 ° C. and then with 18 liters of acetone, spread on a stainless steel vat, air-dried, and further dried under reduced pressure at 60 ° C. for 24 hours. This was classified by an air classifier to obtain 716 g of a crosslinked polymer particle having a weight average particle diameter of 3 μm (hereinafter, referred to as “base gel”).
[0069]
<Step 2: Thorough cleaning>
500 ml of pure water was added to 50 g of the base gel obtained in the step 1, and the mixture was heated and stirred at 60 ° C. for 5 hours. Then, the particles were collected by filtration and washed sequentially with 2000 ml of 70 ° C. warm water and 300 ml of methanol. This was spread on a stainless steel vat, air-dried, and further dried under reduced pressure at 60 ° C. for 24 hours to obtain 49 g of thoroughly washed base material gel.
[0070]
<Step 3: Hydrolysis treatment with alkali-containing aqueous solution>
10 g of the thoroughly washed substrate gel obtained in Step 2 was dispersed in 50 ml of a 0.1 N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, and the mixture was stirred at 50 ° C. for 2 hours. The reaction solution was filtered by suction, and the gel on the funnel was washed successively with 100 ml of a 0.01N hydrochloric acid solution, 500 ml of water and 100 ml of acetone. This was spread on a stainless steel vat, air-dried, and further dried under reduced pressure at 60 ° C. for 3 hours to obtain 10 g of a hydrolyzed gel.
[0071]
<Step 4: Amidation capping>
10 g of the hydrolyzed gel obtained in Step 3 was dispersed in 50 ml of chloroform at 25 ° C. While stirring in a water bath at 25 ° C., 2.3 g of triethylamine was first added, and after 5 minutes, 2.5 g of ethyl chloroformate was added. Thirty minutes later, 1.6 g of 1-propylamine was added, followed by a reaction for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was subjected to suction filtration, and the gel on the funnel was sequentially washed with 100 ml of chloroform, 500 ml of water, and 100 ml of acetone. This was spread on a stainless steel vat, air-dried, and further dried under reduced pressure at 60 ° C. for 3 hours to obtain 10 g of an amidated capped gel.
[0072]
<Step 5: Surface Crosslinking and Epoxy Ring Opening Reaction>
10 g of the amidated capped gel obtained in step 4 and 1 g of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether were added to 50 ml of toluene, and 0.5 g of boron trifluoride diethyl ether complex was added thereto while stirring in a water bath at 40 ° C. Allowed to react for hours. The reaction mixture was suction filtered and the gel on the funnel was washed with 100 ml of acetone and then with 500 ml of water. The gel was transferred to a reaction vessel, 50 ml of 0.1N hydrochloric acid was added, and the mixture was reacted at 50 ° C. for 1 hour. This was filtered by suction, and the gel on the funnel was washed with 500 ml of water and then with 100 ml of acetone. This was spread on a stainless steel vat, air-dried, and further dried under reduced pressure at 60 ° C. for 3 hours to obtain 11.5 g of a surface-crosslinked gel.
[0073]
<Step 6: C18 conversion reaction>
10 g of the surface-crosslinked gel obtained in Step 5 and 3 g of octadecylglycidyl ether are dispersed in 100 ml of toluene, and 0.5 g of boron trifluoride diethyl ether complex is added thereto with stirring in a water bath at 40 ° C., followed by a reaction for 3 hours. I let it. The reaction mixture was subjected to suction filtration, and the gel on the funnel was washed successively with 100 ml of toluene, 300 ml of tetrahydrofuran, 500 ml of water, and 100 ml of acetone. This was spread on a stainless steel vat, air-dried, and further dried under reduced pressure at 60 ° C. for 3 hours to obtain 10.5 g of a gel into which carbon chains had been introduced.
[0074]
<Packing of modified gel>
The carbon chain-introduced gel obtained in step 6 was packed into a stainless steel column having an inner diameter of 4.6 mm and a length of 150 mm by a slurry method to prepare a column for reversed phase chromatography (hereinafter, referred to as “column A”). .
[0075]
(Comparative Example 1)
The column was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except for Steps 3 and 4 (hereinafter, referred to as “column B”).
[0076]
(Comparative Example 2)
The column was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that Step 4 was omitted (hereinafter referred to as “column C”).
[0077]
(1. Comparison of alkali durability)
The alkali durability of Example 1 (column A) and Comparative example 1 (column B) was evaluated by the following method. The results of the pyridine / phenol test of Comparative Example 2 (column C) are also shown to clarify the effect of the amidation capping.
[0078]
1-1. Alkali durability evaluation method
1-1-1. Initial state pyridine / phenol test
First, an acidic eluent is passed through the column to be tested under the following conditions. This is to bias the free carboxyl group, if present, to the proton form (RC and H).
・ Eluent: CH3CN / 0.1% phosphoric acid aqueous solution = 30/70 (v / v)
・ Flow rate: 0.3ml / min
・ Column temperature: 25 ° C
・ Pouring time: 30 minutes
Subsequently, the conditions were changed to the following, and after performing liquid replacement for 30 minutes or more, pyridine and phenol were analyzed.
・ Eluent: CH3CN / H2O = 30/70 (v / v)
・ Flow rate: 1.00 ml / min
-Column temperature: 40 ° C
[0079]
1-1-2. Passing strong alkaline eluent
A strongly alkaline eluent is passed through the column to be tested which has been subjected to the pyridine / phenol test in the initial state under the following conditions. By this operation, if there is an ester bond which easily comes into contact with the liquid, it is hydrolyzed to generate a free carboxyl group.
・ Eluent: CH3CN / 0.01N-NaOH (pH12) = 50/50 (v / v)
・ Flow rate: 0.50 ml / min
-Column temperature: 40 ° C
・ Pouring time: 4 hours
[0080]
1-1-3. Pyridine / phenol test after passing through strong alkali
Regarding the column to be tested after passing through the strong alkali, see 1-1-1. The pyridine / phenol test is performed in the same procedure as described above.
[0081]
1-2. Alkali durability evaluation results
Table 1 shows the evaluation results of column A and column B. The retention ability k 'in the table is the non-retention time t0And the retention time t of the compoundrUsing the following formula,
k '= (tr-T0) / T0
Was calculated.
The tailing coefficient T is 5% peak height and peak width W.0.05hAnd using the peak width f on the peak rise side,
T = W0.05h/ F
Was calculated.
[0082]
[Table 1]
[0083]
In both column A and column B, the phenol retention ability k 'did not change in the initial state and after the passage of strong alkali, but in column B, the pyridine retention ability increased by 56% and the tailing coefficient also increased. This is considered to indicate that the ester bond was hydrolyzed during the passage of the strong alkaline eluent to produce a free carboxyl group. On the other hand, since the pyridine peak hardly changed in column A, it is considered that the effect of the present invention is remarkably exhibited.
[0084]
In addition, by comparing the pyridine retention ability and the tailing coefficient in the initial state of the column A and the column C, it can be confirmed that the carboxyl group generated by the alkali treatment in the filler production step has been amidated and capped.
[0085]
(2. Comparison of acid durability)
The acid durability of Example 1 (Column A) and Comparative Example 1 (Column B) was evaluated by the following method.
[0086]
2-1. Acid durability evaluation method
2-1-1. Initial state pyridine / phenol test
1-1-1. The pyridine / phenol test is carried out in the same manner as described above.
[0087]
2-1-2. Passing strongly acidic eluent
A strongly acidic eluent is passed through the column to be tested which has been subjected to the pyridine / phenol test in the initial state under the following conditions. By this operation, if there is an ester bond which easily comes into contact with the liquid, it is hydrolyzed to generate a free carboxyl group.
-Eluent: MeOH / 1% trifluoroacetic acid aqueous solution (pH 1.2) = 10/90 (v / v)
・ Flow rate: 1.00 ml / min
-Column temperature: 40 ° C
・ Pouring time: 70 hours
[0088]
2-1-3. Pyridine / phenol test after strong acid flow
Regarding the column to be tested after the passage of strong acid, the above 1-1-1. The pyridine / phenol test is performed in the same procedure as described above.
[0089]
2-2. Acid durability evaluation result
Table 2 shows the evaluation results of column A and column B. The retention ability k 'in the table is the non-retention time t0And the retention time t of the compoundrUsing the following formula,
k '= (tr-T0) / T0
Was calculated.
The tailing coefficient T is 5% peak height and peak width W.0.05hAnd using the peak width f on the peak rise side,
T = W0.05h/ F
Was calculated.
[0090]
[Table 2]
[0091]
In both column A and column B, the retention of phenol did not change in the initial state and after the passage of strong acid, but in column B, the retention of pyridine increased by 63% and the tailing coefficient also increased. This is considered to indicate that the ester bond was hydrolyzed during the passage of the strongly acidic eluent to produce a free carboxyl group. On the other hand, since the pyridine peak hardly changed in column A, it is considered that the effect of the present invention is remarkably exhibited.
[0092]
A column for chromatography is prepared by packing the polymer particles modified by the method of the present invention, and before and after passing a strongly acidic or strongly alkaline eluent, an organic base such as pyridine is analyzed and compared. It was found that the increase in the retention capacity and the tailing of the peak were significantly suppressed as compared with the untreated one, and the effect of the present invention could be confirmed.
[0093]
【The invention's effect】
Since the modified polymer particles of the present invention hydrolyze an ester bond close to the surface and easily contact with the liquid and convert the carboxyl group to an amide group, the amide bond which is hard to hydrolyze is thereafter formed. It is considered that the acid / alkali durability increases because the liquid is hardly brought into contact with the remaining ester bond existing on the surface.
[0094]
The polymer particles of the present invention can be used as a packing material for chromatography, and a column filled with the same has high acid / alkali durability, and is particularly useful for medical and agricultural chemicals, food additives and intermediates thereof, natural or natural. It is useful in a wide range of fields such as separation and analysis of synthetic polymers and their additives and environmental pollutants.
Claims (20)
NHR1R2 (1)
(R1、R2は独立に水素原子、枝分かれしていてもよくハロゲンが置換していてもよい炭素数18以下のアルキル基またはフェニル基を示す。)で表されるアミンであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の酸・アルカリ耐久性の改質されたポリマー粒子。The amine used for amidation is represented by the formula (1)
NHR 1 R 2 (1)
(Wherein R 1 and R 2 independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 18 or less carbon atoms which may be branched or substituted by halogen, or a phenyl group). The polymer particles having modified acid-alkali durability according to claim 1.
NH2R3 (2)
(R3は水素原子、枝分かれしていてもよくハロゲンが置換していてもよい炭素数18以下のアルキル基またはフェニル基を示す。)で表されるアミンであることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の酸・アルカリ耐久性の改質されたポリマー粒子。The amine used for amidation is represented by the formula (2)
NH 2 R 3 (2)
(R 3 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 18 or less carbon atoms, which may be branched or substituted with halogen, or a phenyl group). 2. The polymer particles modified in acid / alkali durability according to item 1.
評価方法: ▲1▼アセトニトリル/0.1%りん酸水溶液=30/70の溶離液を流量0.3ml/分で30分間通液し、アセトニトリル/水=30/70の溶離液を用いて流量0.5ml/分でカラム温度を40℃にして、ピリジン保持能を測定する。
▲2▼同じカラムにアセトニトリル/0.01モル水酸化ナトリウム水溶液=50/50のアルカリ溶離液を流量0.5ml/分でカラム温度を40℃にして4時間通液した後、アセトニトリル/0.1%りん酸水溶液=30/70の溶離液を流量0.3ml/分で30分間通液し、アセトニトリル/水=30/70の溶離液を用いて流量0.5ml/分でカラム温度を40℃にして、ピリジン保持能を測定する。
▲3▼▲1▼のピリジン保持能に対する▲2▼のピリジン保持能を比較する。When the alkali durability was evaluated by the following method using a polymer particle packed in a column having an inner diameter of 4.6 mm and a length of 150 mm, the increase rate of the pyridine retention ability after passing the alkaline eluent was 50% or less. A polymer particle with modified acid and alkali durability.
Evaluation method: {circle around (1)} An eluent of acetonitrile / 0.1% phosphoric acid aqueous solution = 30/70 was passed at a flow rate of 0.3 ml / min for 30 minutes, and a flow rate was determined using an eluent of acetonitrile / water = 30/70. The column temperature is adjusted to 40 ° C. at 0.5 ml / min, and the ability to retain pyridine is measured.
{Circle over (2)} An acetonitrile / 0.01 molar aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide = 50/50 alkaline eluent was passed through the same column at a flow rate of 0.5 ml / min at a column temperature of 40 ° C. for 4 hours. A 1% aqueous phosphoric acid solution (30/70) was passed through the eluent at a flow rate of 0.3 ml / min for 30 minutes, and a column temperature of 40 ml was used at a flow rate of 0.5 ml / min using an eluent of acetonitrile / water = 30/70. C. and measure the pyridine retention capacity.
(3) The pyridine retention ability of (2) is compared with the pyridine retention ability of (1).
NHR1R2 (1)
(R1、R2は独立に水素原子、枝分かれしていてもよくハロゲンが置換していてもよい炭素数18以下のアルキル基またはフェニル基を示す。)で表されるアミンであることを特徴とする請求項7に記載のクロマトグラフィー用ポリマー系充填剤。The amine used for amidation is represented by the formula (1)
NHR 1 R 2 (1)
(Wherein R 1 and R 2 independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 18 or less carbon atoms which may be branched or substituted by halogen, or a phenyl group). The polymer-based packing material for chromatography according to claim 7, wherein
NH2R3 (2)
(R3は水素原子、枝分かれしていてもよくハロゲンが置換していてもよい炭素数18以下のアルキル基またはフェニル基を示す。)で表されるアミンであることを特徴とする請求項9に記載のクロマトグラフィー用ポリマー系充填剤。The amine used for amidation is represented by the formula (2)
NH 2 R 3 (2)
(R 3 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 18 or less carbon atoms which may be branched or may be substituted with a halogen, or a phenyl group). The polymer-based packing material for chromatography according to 1.
評価方法: ▲1▼アセトニトリル/0.1%りん酸水溶液=30/70の溶離液を流量0.3ml/分で30分間通液し、アセトニトリル/水=30/70の溶離液を用いて流量0.5ml/分でカラム温度を40℃にして、ピリジン保持能を測定する。
▲2▼同じカラムにアセトニトリル/0.01モル水酸化ナトリウム水溶液=50/50のアルカリ溶離液を流量0.5ml/分でカラム温度を40℃にして4時間通液した後、アセトニトリル/0.1%りん酸水溶液=30/70の溶離液を流量0.3ml/分で30分間通液し、アセトニトリル/水=30/70の溶離液を用いて流量0.5ml/分でカラム温度を40℃にして、ピリジン保持能を測定する。
▲3▼▲1▼のピリジン保持能に対する▲2▼のピリジン保持能を比較する。When the alkali durability was evaluated by the following method using a polymer particle packed in a column having an inner diameter of 4.6 mm and a length of 150 mm, the increase rate of the pyridine retention ability after passing the alkaline eluent was 50% or less. A polymer-based packing material for chromatography, comprising using a polymer particle having a modified acid-alkali durability.
Evaluation method: {circle around (1)} An eluent of acetonitrile / 0.1% phosphoric acid aqueous solution = 30/70 was passed at a flow rate of 0.3 ml / min for 30 minutes, and a flow rate was determined using an eluent of acetonitrile / water = 30/70. The column temperature is adjusted to 40 ° C. at 0.5 ml / min, and the ability to retain pyridine is measured.
{Circle over (2)} An acetonitrile / 0.01 molar aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide = 50/50 alkaline eluent was passed through the same column at a flow rate of 0.5 ml / min at a column temperature of 40 ° C. for 4 hours. A 1% aqueous phosphoric acid solution (30/70) was passed through the eluent at a flow rate of 0.3 ml / min for 30 minutes, and a column temperature of 40 ml was used at a flow rate of 0.5 ml / min using an eluent of acetonitrile / water = 30/70. C. and measure the pyridine retention capacity.
(3) The pyridine retention ability of (2) is compared with the pyridine retention ability of (1).
NHR1R2 (1)
(R1、R2は独立に水素原子、枝分かれしていてもよくハロゲンが置換していてもよい炭素数18以下のアルキル基またはフェニル基を示す。)で表されるアミンであることを特徴とする請求項13に記載の酸・アルカリ耐久性の改質されたポリマー粒子の製造方法。The amine used for amidation is represented by the formula (1)
NHR 1 R 2 (1)
(Wherein R 1 and R 2 independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 18 or less carbon atoms which may be branched or substituted by halogen, or a phenyl group). The method for producing polymer particles having modified acid-alkali durability according to claim 13.
NH2R3 (2)
(R3は水素原子、枝分かれしていてもよくハロゲンが置換していてもよい炭素数18以下のアルキル基またはフェニル基を示す。)で表されるアミンであることを特徴とする請求項15に記載の酸・アルカリ耐久性の改質されたポリマー粒子の製造方法。The amine used for amidation is represented by the formula (2)
NH 2 R 3 (2)
(R 3 is a hydrogen atom, a branched carbons which may be well replaced halogen even if 18 an alkyl group or a phenyl group.) Claim 15, characterized in that an amine represented by 3. The method for producing polymer particles having improved acid-alkali durability according to item 1.
評価方法: ▲1▼アセトニトリル/0.1%りん酸水溶液=30/70の溶離液を流量0.3ml/分で30分間通液し、アセトニトリル/水=30/70の溶離液を用いて流量0.5ml/分でカラム温度を40℃にして、ピリジン保持能を測定する。
▲2▼同じカラムにアセトニトリル/0.01モル水酸化ナトリウム水溶液=50/50のアルカリ溶離液を流量0.5ml/分でカラム温度を40℃にして4時間通液した後、アセトニトリル/0.1%りん酸水溶液=30/70の溶離液を流量0.3ml/分で30分間通液し、アセトニトリル/水=30/70の溶離液を用いて流量0.5ml/分でカラム温度を40℃にして、ピリジン保持能を測定する。
▲3▼▲1▼のピリジン保持能に対する▲2▼のピリジン保持能を比較する。When the alkali durability was evaluated by the following method using a polymer particle packed in a 4.6 mm inner diameter column having a length of 150 mm, the increase rate of the pyridine retention ability after passing the alkaline eluent was 50% or less. The method for producing polymer particles having modified acid-alkali durability according to any one of claims 13 to 16, wherein the polymer particles are modified.
Evaluation method: {circle around (1)} An eluent of acetonitrile / 0.1% phosphoric acid aqueous solution = 30/70 was passed at a flow rate of 0.3 ml / min for 30 minutes, and a flow rate was determined using an eluent of acetonitrile / water = 30/70. The column temperature is adjusted to 40 ° C. at 0.5 ml / min, and the ability to retain pyridine is measured.
{Circle over (2)} An acetonitrile / 0.01 molar aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide = 50/50 alkaline eluent was passed through the same column at a flow rate of 0.5 ml / min at a column temperature of 40 ° C. for 4 hours. A 1% aqueous phosphoric acid solution (30/70) was passed through the eluent at a flow rate of 0.3 ml / min for 30 minutes, and a column temperature of 40 ml was used at a flow rate of 0.5 ml / min using an eluent of acetonitrile / water = 30/70. C. and measure the pyridine retention capacity.
(3) The pyridine retention ability of (2) is compared with the pyridine retention ability of (1).
Priority Applications (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002265140A JP2004099790A (en) | 2002-09-11 | 2002-09-11 | Improved polymer particle, filler for chromatography, their production method and column for chromatography |
| EP03795397A EP1537151A1 (en) | 2002-09-11 | 2003-09-11 | Modified polymer particle, packing material and column for chromatography |
| CNA038215861A CN1681852A (en) | 2002-09-11 | 2003-09-11 | Modified polymer particle, packing material and column for chromatography |
| AU2003260961A AU2003260961A1 (en) | 2002-09-11 | 2003-09-11 | Modified polymer particle, packing material and column for chromatography |
| KR1020057004093A KR20050052491A (en) | 2002-09-11 | 2003-09-11 | Modified polymer particle, packing material and column for chromatography |
| PCT/JP2003/011635 WO2004024784A1 (en) | 2002-09-11 | 2003-09-11 | Modified polymer particle, packing material and column for chromatography |
| CA002499605A CA2499605A1 (en) | 2002-09-11 | 2003-09-11 | Modified polymer particle, packing material and column for chromatography |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002265140A JP2004099790A (en) | 2002-09-11 | 2002-09-11 | Improved polymer particle, filler for chromatography, their production method and column for chromatography |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2004099790A true JP2004099790A (en) | 2004-04-02 |
| JP2004099790A5 JP2004099790A5 (en) | 2005-09-02 |
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| JP2002265140A Pending JP2004099790A (en) | 2002-09-11 | 2002-09-11 | Improved polymer particle, filler for chromatography, their production method and column for chromatography |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1537151A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2004099790A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20050052491A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1681852A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2003260961A1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2499605A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2004024784A1 (en) |
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| CN105541537B (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2018-01-23 | 山东成泰化工有限公司 | A kind of conditioning agent and method for adjusting C 4 olefin isomerization reaction selectivity |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5858026B2 (en) * | 1976-06-25 | 1983-12-23 | 昭和電工株式会社 | Packing material for chromatography and its manufacturing method |
| CS188619B1 (en) * | 1977-01-19 | 1979-03-30 | Jaromir Lukas | Polar polymere sorbent based on glycidylic esters for gas and liquid chromatography |
| US5059659A (en) * | 1987-05-29 | 1991-10-22 | Harry P. Gregor | Surface treatments to impart hydrophilicity |
| JPS6454004A (en) * | 1987-08-26 | 1989-03-01 | Hitachi Chemical Co Ltd | Production of anion exchanger |
| DE68921431T2 (en) * | 1988-11-23 | 1995-06-29 | Cytec Tech Corp | Porous surface-hydrated substrates made of polyacrylonitrile, such as pearl derivatives, processes for their preparation and processes for use. |
| JP2986592B2 (en) * | 1990-09-07 | 1999-12-06 | 帝人株式会社 | Method for separating 24-position epimer of 24-hydroxycholesterol derivative |
-
2002
- 2002-09-11 JP JP2002265140A patent/JP2004099790A/en active Pending
-
2003
- 2003-09-11 CA CA002499605A patent/CA2499605A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-09-11 AU AU2003260961A patent/AU2003260961A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-09-11 CN CNA038215861A patent/CN1681852A/en active Pending
- 2003-09-11 WO PCT/JP2003/011635 patent/WO2004024784A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-09-11 EP EP03795397A patent/EP1537151A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-09-11 KR KR1020057004093A patent/KR20050052491A/en not_active Withdrawn
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| AU2003260961A1 (en) | 2004-04-30 |
| CN1681852A (en) | 2005-10-12 |
| WO2004024784A1 (en) | 2004-03-25 |
| KR20050052491A (en) | 2005-06-02 |
| EP1537151A1 (en) | 2005-06-08 |
| CA2499605A1 (en) | 2004-03-25 |
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