JP2004095524A - Thermosensitive pellet type thermal fuse - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は筒型外囲器内に感温ペレットを収容しこれにスプリングを作用させて所定温度で回路を遮断または導通状態にする感温ペレット型温度ヒュ−ズ、特に感温ペレットを所定の感温材に補強材および増量材を添加または表面処理することでペレットの成形加工およびペレットの機械的強度を高めて保管性や耐久性を改良する感温ペレット型温度ヒュ−ズに関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】温度ヒューズは、機器の異常過熱を正確に検知し、速やかに回路を遮断または導通させる保護部品として、各種家電製品、携帯機器、通信機器、事務機器、車載機器、ＡＣアダプタ、充電器、モータ、電池、その他電子部品に使用されている。従来の温度ヒューズは可溶体である感温材料により大きく２つに分類され、導電性の低融点合金を使用する可溶合金型温度ヒュ−ズと非導電性の感温物質を使用する感温ペレット型温度ヒュ−ズとがあって、いずれも周囲温度の異常上昇時に作動して機器の電流遮断あるいは通電路の導通状態を形成して機器類を保護する、いわゆる非復帰型温度スイッチである。作動する温度は使用する感温材で決められ、通常、６０℃から２５０℃、定格電流が０．５Ａから１５Ａの範囲で機能する保護部品として品揃えされ、初期の常温状態における導通または遮断状態を所定の動作温度で逆転させて遮断または導通状態にする電気的保護手段である。
【０００３】感温ペレット型温度ヒュ−ズは、両端にリ−ドを取付けた外囲器内に所定の溶融温度を有する化学薬品をペレット状に成形加工して配置し、これに圧縮ばねなどの可動導電体を押圧して構成される。たとえば、外囲器がガラス管の場合、管内面の一部分に一対の導電膜を形成し、感温ペレット、通電位置と遮断位置間を移動可能な可動導電体およびこの可動導電体に絶縁体を介在して押圧する圧縮ばねを順次挿入した構造の温度ヒュ−ズがある（特開平１０−１７７８３３号公報参照）。また、筒型外囲器に金属ケ−スを用いた場合、一方のリードを一方の開口側にかしめ固定し、他方リードを他方の開口側を封止する絶縁ブッシングを介在して固定し、この金属ケ−ス内に感温ペレットを２枚のばね板間に挾み込んで常温時にはこのばね板をケ−ス内壁面に接触させる簡素化構造の温度ヒュ−ズが知られている（特開平５−３０７９２５号公報参照）。さらに、一方に導出リ−ドを接続した金属ケ−スにシリコンゴム等の弾性体、感温ペレット、透孔を有する金属片および捩じりを与えたばね可動片とを順次挿入し、他方の開口から封止セラミックを圧入し、このセラミックに他方の導出リ−ドを貫通して封止配置した温度ヒュ−ズも知られている（特開平９−２８２９９２号公報参照）。特に、スプリング部材として強圧縮ばねと弱圧縮ばねとを使用して可動接点体に押圧力を作用させて感温ペレットの動作温度時に可動接点体の移動を確実にする温度ヒュ−ズも知られている（特開平５−１３５６４９号、特開平１１−１１１１３５号公報参照）。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上述の感温ペレット型温度ヒュ−ズは、感温材に比較的純粋な化学薬品又は熱可塑性樹脂が使用されており、この物質を造粒し着色用色粉とバインダを添加して所定形状に成形加工してペレットにするが、ペレット加工後に軟化、昇華、潮解性など環境条件の影響を受けて変形することがある。特に、ペレットの機械的強度の弱みは製造過程の各工程管理や製品後の保管条件などの影響をうけて変形するなど多くの観点で問題点があった。たとえば、ペレット成形加工では材質自体に潮解性があるものでは外気に触れることで変形したり昇華したりするので外気遮断のための完全なシ−ル管理が要求され、成形加工品では硬度などの機械的強度が弱く温度ヒュ−ズの組み立て時のスプリング圧により変形して不具合となることがある。さらには、製品後の温度ヒュ−ズに対して、高温高湿の保管条件ではペレットの昇華、潮解に加えてペレット形状に変形を生じたり縮小したりして本来の機能発揮や製品寿命に悪い影響を与えることがあった。特に、化学薬品を使用する従来の感温ペレットでは高温下での軟化変形が顕著で徐々に縮小化して接点が解離する不具合を招く。それゆえ、使用環境や経時的変化の影響を受け難くて、周囲の厳しい保管雰囲気に曝され高温高湿や有害ガスを浴びる環境下においても感温ペレット自体に欠陥を生じさせない感温ペレットの提案が望まれていた。
【０００５】したがって、本発明の目的は上記欠点を解消するために提案されたものであり、感温ペレットの物理化学的特性に着目して機械的強度を向上するために補強材または増量材としてシランカップリング材または無機物フィラのガラスもしくは炭素繊維、アルミナ、シリカなどの絶縁性無機物質を添加し付与する新規かつ改良された感温ペレット型温度ヒュ−ズを提供することにある。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明によれば、感温ペレットは所定温度で溶融する感温物質に加えて機械的強度を高めるシランカップリング材や無機物フィラが補強材または増量材として添加や表面処理により付与される。無機物の選定にあたっては物理化学的性質が配慮され、成形加工や製造工程での取り扱いの容易さと成形後の変質や変形等に対処できる特性を有する材料を選択する。その結果、物理化学的特性は改善され安定な動作特性を有する感温ペレット型温度ヒュ−ズが提供される。具体的には、所定の温度で溶融する化学薬品あるいは熱可塑性樹脂の感温材に対して、シランカップリング材が略０．２〜２容量％、あるいは無機物フィラが略５〜２５容量％の範囲内で添加されたり、あるいは、補強材シランカップリング材をスプレーなどで感温材や無機フィラを表面処理して付与して感温ペレットを成形加工する。このようにして成形された感温ペレットは、これを収容する筒型外囲器と、外囲器の一端開口側に取付けた第１電極を形成する第１リ−ド部材と、外囲器の他端開口側に取付けた第２電極を形成する第２リ−ド部材と、外囲器に収容され感温ペレットに係留する可動導電部材と、外囲器に収容され可動導電部材に押圧作用するスプリング部材とを具備する感温ペレット型温度ヒューズとして、感温ペレットの溶融時に第１および第２電極間を遮断または導通状態に切換える。
【０００７】
【発明の実施の形態】本発明の感温ペレット型温度ヒュ−ズは、所定の動作温度で溶融する感温物質の感温材に結合材のバインダと着色材の色粉を添加して造粒および識別化を容易にする感温ペレットに成形加工するが、その際に補強材あるいは増量材としてシランカップリング材あるいは無機物フィラが添加あるいは表面処理により付与される。このようにして成形された感温ペレットは、通常の方法で筒状金属ケースに収容される。そして、感温ペレットと、この感温ペレットを収容する筒状金属ケ−スと、この金属ケ−スの一端開口側にかしめ固定して取付けられてケ−ス内壁面を第１電極とする第１リ−ド部材と、この金属ケ−スの他端開口側に装着した絶縁ブッシングと、この絶縁ブッシングを貫通配置してその先端部を第２電極とする第２リ−ド部材と、この金属ケ−スに収容されその内周壁と電気的に接続する可動接点体と、この金属ケ−スに収容され可動接点体に押圧作用をおよぼす圧縮ばね部材とを具備し、感温ペレットの溶融時に第１および第２電極間を遮断または導通状態に切換える。好ましくは、圧縮ばね部材が強圧縮ばねと弱圧縮ばねからなり、強圧縮ばねが弱圧縮ばねの弾性力に抗して可動接点体を第２電極に押圧接触させる。特に、強圧縮ばねはその両端に押圧板を介して感温ペレットおよび可動接点体の間に配置し、組立の容易化と共にばね動作の安定化が図られ、感温ペレットの溶融時に弱圧縮ばねの押圧力により可動接点体を移動させて回路遮断する常時ＯＮ−異常時ＯＦＦの温度ヒュ−ズとする。一方、強圧縮ばねを感温ペレットと一体化して圧縮状態で配置すれば、感温ペレットの溶融時に弱圧縮ばねの押圧力に抗して可動接点体を移動させ回路導通する常時ＯＮ−異常時ＯＦＦの機能を奏する感温ペレット型温度ヒュ−ズが提供される。
【０００８】前述する補強材のシランカップリング材は１分子中に有機官能基と加水分解基とを有し、これによって無機物質と有機物質を結びつけることができ、感温ペレットの物理的強度や耐水性、接着性の向上を図ることができる。また、化学薬品や熱可塑性樹脂の感温材や無機物フィラに対する表面処理により無機質の疎水化や分散性の向上が図れたり、有機樹脂等の表面改質が達成される。一方、増量材の無機フィラは、好ましくはガラス繊維や炭素繊維のほか、シリカ、アルミナ、フリット、珪酸塩、カルシュウム塩から選択される一種または２種以上の充填物からなり、感温材に対して略５〜２５容量％の範囲内で添加され、それにより絶縁抵抗値や耐電圧値を高めたり、機械的特性としての成形加工や強度を高めてペレットの変形抑止機能を奏する。したがって、特に化学薬品の感温ペレットで発生し易い変形や変質が抑止され機械的強度が高められて安定な動作特性の感温ペレット型温度ヒュ−ズが得られる。同様に無機フィラに対してシランカップリング材を添加したり、表面処理することで疎水性や分散性の更なる向上が図られる。ここで、珪酸塩としてのゼオライト、カルシウム塩としてのりん酸カルシウムや炭酸カルシウムも無機フィラとして用いられ、その添加量はフィラ充填物の機械的強度を高める効果が期待される条件は無機フィラが約５容量％以上であり、感温材の溶融による有効体積減少を確保するに必要な量として約２５容量％以内にする。具体的に温度ヒューズは、筒状外囲器は金属ケ−スからなり、第１リード部材をその一端開口側にかしめ固定して取付けられてケ−ス内壁面を第１電極として形成し、第２リード部材をこの金属ケ−スの他端開口側に装着した絶縁ブッシングを貫通させて装着しその先端部を第２電極として形成し、第１電極と第２電極間に長手方向に延びる２枚の舌片状弾性平板を配置し、拡開状態の２枚の舌片平板間に感温ペレットを挾み込んで平板先端の裏面をケ−ス内壁面に接触させる感温ペレット型温度ヒュ−ズであり、他の実施態様には、筒状絶縁管に感温ペレットを収容して、第１および第２リ−ド部材をこの絶縁管の開口側にそれぞれ固定すると共にこれらのリ−ド部材と電気的に接続された第１および第２電極をそれぞれケ−ス内壁面の一部に形成し、これら第１電極と第２電極の通電位置から遮断位置に移動可能な導電体を絶縁管に収容し、これを絶縁管の一端側に配置されたスプリングにより絶縁体を介して導電体を感温ペレットに押圧する感温ペレット型温度ヒュ−ズがある。
【０００９】
【実施例１】図１および図２は本発明に係る実施例の感温ペレット型温度ヒュ−ズでそれぞれ常温の平常時と異常加熱した動作時の温度ヒュ−ズの部分断面図を示す。この感温ペレット型温度ヒュ−ズは、銅、黄銅などの良導体で熱伝導性良好な円筒状金属ケ−ス１と、その一方の開口側にかしめ固定した第１リード部材２と、この金属ケ−ス１内に収容された感温ペレット３、一対の押圧板４、５、強圧縮ばね６良導電性で適度の弾性を有する銀合金の可動接点体７および弱圧縮ばね８を含むスイッチ機能部品と、金属ケ−ス１の他方の開口に挿入された絶縁ブッシング９と、この絶縁ブッシング９を貫通して金属ケ−ス１から絶縁配置された第２リ−ド部材１０とを具備して構成される。さらに、第２リード部材１０の内方先端１１は図１の常温時状態Ａでは可動接点体７と接触し、図２の以上温度上昇状態Ｂでは離隔している固定接点である。また、１２は金属ケース１の開口と絶縁ブッシング９と第２リード部材１０とを封止する封止樹脂である。そして、１３は封止樹脂１２を金属ケース１の開口に十分に盛上げて封止させるための絶縁碍管である。本発明の特徴とする感温ペレット３は化学薬品または熱可塑性樹脂からなる感温材の造粒化物質に少量のバインダと色粉が添加されるほかにシランカップリング材が添加または表面処理で付与される。添加量としては０．２〜２容量％の範囲内である。あるいは、無機物フィラが５〜２５容量％の範囲内、好ましくは１０〜２０容量％で添加され、必要に応じてこれにシランカップリング材が添加または表面処理で付与される。無機物フィラには好ましくはガラスまたは炭素繊維であり、略５〜２５容量％の範囲内で添加する。実施例ではガラス繊維を用いた。また、感温材としては熱可塑性樹脂のポリエチレン（ＰＥ）、ポリプロピレン（ＰＰ）、ポリスチレン（ＰＳ）、ポリ塩化ビニリデン（ＰＶＤＣ）、ポリエチレンテレフタレ−ト（ＰＥＴ）、ポリアミド（ＰＡ）、ポリアセタ−ル（ＰＯＭ），ポリカ−ボネ−ト（ＰＣ）、ポリフェニレンサルファイド（ＰＰＳ）、ポリアミドイミド（ＰＡＩ）、ポリテトラフロロエチレン（ＰＴＦＥ）等が所望する融点の材料を選択する。シランカップリング材の付与は補強材としても特に優れており、無機物フィラの添加は感温ペレットの機械的強度や電気的絶縁性に関する物理的特性の改善に役立つ。そして、これらの添加や表面処理による付与は、化学薬品又は熱可塑性樹脂を感温材に使用する感温ペレットで生じやすい高温高湿下での軟化変形や水分による潮解、あるいは昇華等によるペレットの体積減少による問題を確実に解消でき、経時変化によるペレット変形とそれに伴うスイッチ機能の不具合を解消できる。
【００１０】
【実施例２】本発明の実施例はけい素原子Ｓｉにひとつの有機官能基と２〜３の無機質と反応する官能基を有するシランカップリング材を感温材または増量材に対して略０．２〜２容量％の範囲内で混合添加したり表面処理したりして付与することを特徴とする。このシランカップリング材は一般にＸ〜Ｓｉ（ＯＲ）３の化学式で表わせる化合物で分子中に２個以上の異なった反応基を持っており、このうちのＸはアミノ基、ビニル基、エポキシ基などといった有機質と反応する基、もう一方のＯＲはメトキシ基、エトキシ基といった加水分解可能な基のため、通常では結びつきにくい有機質材料と無機質材料とのバインダとして機能するものでこの結合特性を利用している。シランカップリング材を一般式で示すと
ＹＲＳｉＸ３である。ここで、Ｘ：けい素原子に結合している加水分解性基で
−ＯＲ、−Ｃｌ、−ＮＲ２など
Ｙ：有機マトリックスと反応する有機官能基でＣＨ２＝Ｃ（ＣＨ３）ＣＯＯ−、ＮＨ２ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＮＨ−、ＨＳ―、ＣＬ−などである。具体的化学物質とその構造では、アミノシラン（特殊アミノシラン配合物）、γ−メタクリロキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン｛ＣＨ２＝Ｃ（ＣＨ３）ＣＯＯ（ＣＨ２）３ Ｓｉ（ＯＣＨ３）３｝、ビニルトリアセトキシシラン｛ＣＨ２＝ＣＨＳｉ（ＯＣＯＣＨ３）３｝等がある。
【００１１】感温材にシランカップリング材を１％と無機物フィラを１０％添加して成形加工した感温ペレットを用いて特開平５−３０７９２５号公報に開示の簡素化タイプの感温ペレット型温度ヒュ−ズにも適用できる。この場合に所定の動作温度で溶融する熱可塑性樹脂を感温材として用い、前述する実施例と同様にシランカップリング材とガラス繊維の無機物フィラを所定範囲内で添加して感温ペレットを成形加工する。感温ペレット型温度ヒューズは前述のペレットを収容する筒状金属ケ−スと、この金属ケ−スの一端開口側にかしめ固定して取付けられてケ−ス内壁面を第１電極とする第１リ−ド部材と、この金属ケ−スの他端開口側に挿入して装着固定した絶縁ブッシングと、この絶縁ブッシングを貫通し先端部を第２電極とする第２リ−ド部材とを具備し、さらに可動導電体部材とスプリング部材の両機能を奏するように感温ペレットを挾み込む２枚の平板ばねを具備し、このばねを金属ケ−スの内壁面の第１電極と第２リ−ド部材の先端部の第２電極との間に配置する。すなわち、導電性および弾性を有する長手方向に延びた２枚の舌片からなる平板ばねは、一端を固定して第２リ−ド部材の第２電極と電気機械的に結合し、他端を２枚の舌片が開脚自在にした平板ばねであり、この舌片状平板の間に開脚側から感温ペレットを挾み込むことで押圧を作用させて感温ペレットを保持し、同時に舌片状平板の裏面を金属ケ−ス内壁面の第１電極に接触させる。したがって、常温の平常時は平板ばねを介して導電状態が維持されるが、周囲温度が特定の温度以上に上昇すると感温ペレットが溶融し平板ばねが圧縮力で縮まってケ−ス内壁面との接触が断たれ、第１および第２リ−ド部材間の電気回路を遮断する。この実施例は構成部品を少なくした簡素化構造の温度ヒューズにおいて、感温ペレットがシランカップリング材とフィラ充填物で機械的強度性を高めるので実用的効果を発揮できる。
【００１２】
【実施例３】別の実施例の変形として、本発明の特徴であるシランカップリング材を感温材や無機物フィラに表面処理して付与して感温ペレットを成形加工する。表面処理方法には乾式法や湿式法によりカップリング材を付着させることもできるが、スプレー方式の場合、有機溶剤や水で希釈したシランカップリング材の溶液や懸濁液を用いてスプレーして付与する。このような処理を経て感温ペレットを成形加工して感温ペレットとする。この感温ペレットを、例えば筒状絶縁管に収容し、第１および第２リ−ド部材をこの絶縁管の開口側にそれぞれ固定すると共に第１および第２電極をそれぞれケ−ス内壁面の一部分に形成し、これら第１電極と第２電極の通電位置から遮断位置に移動可能な球状の導電体を絶縁管に収容し、この球状導電体は球状絶縁体を介在して感温ペレット側に押圧するスプリングを具備して構成する。スプリングは絶縁管の一端側に配置されており、球状絶縁体を介して球状導電体を感温ペレットに押圧する。平常時に導電体は内壁面の第１および第２電極と接触状態にあって回路の導通状態を維持する位置にある。そして、感温ペレットが温度上昇で所定の温度を越えると溶融し、それによって導電体がスプリングの押圧で非導通位置に移動し回路遮断となる。この実施例も構造が簡素化され、機械的強度的に有利な無機物フィラを添加した感温ペレットの使用が有効に利用される。
【００１３】
【発明の効果】この発明によれば、感温材にシランカップリング材あるいは無機物フィラが添加あるいは表面処理されるのでペレットの成形加工が容易になり、ペレット自体の機械的強度が十分に高められ、かつペレットの経時変化に伴なう 機械的強度劣化や化学的構造の変質等による動作機能の不具合を解消する。感温材にシランカップリング材や無機物フィラの添加、あるいは感温材やフィラに対するシランカップリング材の表面処理は感温ペレットの成形加工をより容易にすると共に感温ペレットの保管条件に拘わらず変形や変質を抑止し、それにより長寿命化と動作安定化の実現が期待できる。特に、ペレット強度の向上は、ばねによる変形を抑えるのに有効であり、また早切れ対策となると共に感温ペレット型温度ヒュ−ズの構成簡素化にも役立ち、ロ−コスト製品の提供を可能にする。また、温度ヒュ−ズの保管並びに経時変化において、高湿度や有害ガスの雰囲気中に置かれても長期にわたり安定化が図られ、腐食や絶縁度の劣化を防ぎ保管中はもとより使用中でも電気的特性を含めた性能低下を防止し、経年変化も抑止され常に所定の動作温度で正確に作動する安定性と信頼性の向上に役立つなどの実用的効果が大きい。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明ので常温時の感温ペレット型温度ヒューズの縦断面図
【図２】図１の実施例において動作後の感温ペレット型温度ヒューズの縦断面図
【符号の説明】
１ 金属ケ−ス（外囲器）
２ 第１リード部材（第１電極）
３ 感温ペレット
４、５ 押圧板
６ 強圧縮ばね（スプリング部材）
７ 可動接点体（可動導電部材）
８ 弱圧縮ばね（スプリング部材）
９ 絶縁ブッシング
１０ 第２リ−ド部材
１１ 内方先端（第２電極）[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a temperature-sensitive pellet-type temperature fuse in which a temperature-sensitive pellet is accommodated in a cylindrical envelope, and a spring is acted on the pellet to cut off or conduct a circuit at a predetermined temperature. In particular, by adding a reinforcing material and a filler to a predetermined temperature-sensitive material, or adding a surface treatment to the temperature-sensitive pellet, forming the pellet and increasing the mechanical strength of the pellet to improve storage stability and durability. Regarding fuses.
[0002]
2. Description of the Related Art Thermal fuses are used as protective components for accurately detecting abnormal overheating of a device and promptly shutting off or conducting a circuit, and include various home appliances, portable devices, communication devices, office devices, vehicle devices, AC adapters, and the like. Used in chargers, motors, batteries, and other electronic components. Conventional thermal fuses are broadly classified into two types depending on the temperature-sensitive material that is a fusible material. A fusible alloy type temperature fuse that uses a conductive low-melting alloy and a temperature-sensitive type that uses a nonconductive temperature-sensitive material. There is a pellet-type temperature fuse, which is a so-called non-return type temperature switch which operates when an ambient temperature rises abnormally and protects the equipment by cutting off the current of the equipment or forming a conductive state of the current path. . The operating temperature is determined by the temperature-sensitive material used, and it is normally available as a protective component that functions at a temperature of 60 ° C to 250 ° C and a rated current in the range of 0.5A to 15A. Is an electrical protection means that is turned off at a predetermined operating temperature to turn off or on.
A temperature-sensitive pellet-type temperature fuse is formed by placing a chemical having a predetermined melting temperature into a pellet shape in an envelope having leads attached to both ends thereof, and arranging the pellet with a compression spring or the like. Is configured by pressing the movable conductor. For example, when the envelope is a glass tube, a pair of conductive films is formed on a part of the inner surface of the tube, a thermosensitive pellet, a movable conductor movable between an energized position and a cutoff position, and an insulator on the movable conductor. There is a temperature fuse having a structure in which compression springs that press and interpose are sequentially inserted (see JP-A-10-177833). Further, when a metal case is used for the cylindrical envelope, one lead is fixed by caulking to one opening side, and the other lead is fixed by interposing an insulating bushing sealing the other opening side, There is known a temperature fuse having a simplified structure in which a temperature-sensitive pellet is sandwiched between two spring plates in the metal case so that the spring plate contacts the inner wall surface of the case at normal temperature. See JP-A-5-307925). Furthermore, an elastic body such as silicon rubber, a thermosensitive pellet, a metal piece having a through hole, and a torsionally applied spring movable piece are sequentially inserted into a metal case having one lead lead connected thereto, and the other is inserted into the other metal case. There is also known a temperature fuse in which a sealing ceramic is press-fitted through an opening, and the ceramic is sealed through the other lead-out lead (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-282992). In particular, there is also known a temperature fuse which uses a strong compression spring and a weak compression spring as a spring member to apply a pressing force to the movable contact body to ensure the movement of the movable contact body at the operating temperature of the thermosensitive pellet. (See JP-A-5-135649 and JP-A-11-111135).
[0004]
The above-mentioned temperature-sensitive pellet type temperature fuse uses a relatively pure chemical or thermoplastic resin as a temperature-sensitive material, and granulates this substance to form a color for coloring. The powder and the binder are added to form a pellet into a predetermined shape. The pellet may be deformed after the pellet processing under the influence of environmental conditions such as softening, sublimation, and deliquescence. In particular, the weak mechanical strength of the pellets has problems from many viewpoints, such as deformation under the influence of each process control in the manufacturing process and storage conditions after the product. For example, in the pellet forming process, if the material itself has deliquescent, it will be deformed or sublimated by touching the outside air, so it is required to completely control the seal to shut off the outside air, and in the case of molded products, the hardness etc. Since the mechanical strength is weak, the fuse may be deformed due to the spring pressure at the time of assembling the temperature fuse, which may cause a malfunction. In addition, under the conditions of high temperature and high humidity, the temperature fuse after the product is sublimated and deliquescent, and the shape of the pellet is deformed or shrunk in addition to the sublimation and deliquescence. May have had an effect. In particular, in the case of a conventional thermosensitive pellet using a chemical, the softening deformation at a high temperature is remarkable, which causes a problem that the contact is dissociated due to a gradual reduction. Therefore, a temperature-sensitive pellet that is less susceptible to changes in the use environment and changes over time and that does not cause defects in the temperature-sensitive pellet itself even in environments exposed to severe storage atmosphere and exposed to high temperature, high humidity, and harmful gases. Was desired.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention has been proposed to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks, and has been proposed as a reinforcing material or a bulking material in order to improve the mechanical strength by focusing on the physicochemical properties of the thermosensitive pellet. It is an object of the present invention to provide a new and improved temperature-sensitive pellet-type temperature fuse to which a silane coupling material or an inorganic filler such as glass or carbon fiber of an inorganic filler, alumina or silica is added and applied.
[0006]
According to the present invention, in addition to a thermosensitive substance which melts at a predetermined temperature, a silane coupling material for enhancing mechanical strength or an inorganic filler is added to a thermosensitive pellet as a reinforcing material or a filler. Or by surface treatment. In selecting the inorganic material, physicochemical properties are taken into consideration, and a material having characteristics such that it can be easily handled in a molding process or a manufacturing process and can cope with deterioration or deformation after molding is selected. As a result, a thermosensitive pellet type temperature fuse having improved physicochemical properties and stable operating characteristics is provided. Specifically, the silane coupling material is about 0.2 to 2% by volume, or the inorganic filler is about 5 to 25% by volume, based on the temperature-sensitive material of a chemical or a thermoplastic resin that melts at a predetermined temperature. A temperature-sensitive pellet is formed by adding the silane coupling material within the range, or by applying a temperature-sensitive material or an inorganic filler to the surface of the material by spraying or the like. The temperature-sensitive pellet thus formed is provided with a cylindrical envelope accommodating the pellet, a first lead member forming a first electrode attached to one end opening side of the envelope, and an envelope. A second lead member formed on the other end opening side of the second member to form a second electrode, a movable conductive member housed in the envelope and mooring to the thermosensitive pellet, and pressed against the movable conductive member housed in the envelope. As a temperature-sensitive pellet-type thermal fuse including a working spring member, when the temperature-sensitive pellet is melted, the first and second electrodes are cut off or switched to a conductive state.
[0007]
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A temperature-sensitive pellet-type temperature fuse according to the present invention is formed by adding a binder as a binder and a color powder as a coloring material to a temperature-sensitive material which melts at a predetermined operating temperature. The pellets are formed into pellets and thermosensitive pellets that facilitate discrimination. At this time, a silane coupling material or an inorganic filler is added or a surface treatment is applied as a reinforcing or extending material. The thermosensitive pellet formed in this manner is accommodated in a cylindrical metal case by an ordinary method. Then, the thermosensitive pellet, a cylindrical metal case for accommodating the thermosensitive pellet, and a caulking fixedly attached to one end opening side of the metal case, and the inner wall surface of the case as a first electrode. A first lead member, an insulating bushing mounted on the other end opening side of the metal case, a second lead member which penetrates the insulating bushing and has a tip portion as a second electrode, A movable contact body accommodated in the metal case and electrically connected to the inner peripheral wall thereof; and a compression spring member accommodated in the metal case and exerting a pressing action on the movable contact body. During melting, the first and second electrodes are switched to a cutoff or conduction state. Preferably, the compression spring member includes a strong compression spring and a weak compression spring, and the strong compression spring presses the movable contact body against the second electrode against the elastic force of the weak compression spring. In particular, the strong compression spring is disposed between the temperature-sensitive pellet and the movable contact body at both ends via pressing plates, so that the assembly operation is facilitated and the spring operation is stabilized. The temperature fuse is always ON and abnormally OFF when the movable contact body is moved by the pressing force to interrupt the circuit. On the other hand, if the strong compression spring is integrated with the thermosensitive pellet and arranged in a compressed state, the movable contact body is moved against the pressing force of the weak compression spring when the thermosensitive pellet is melted, and the circuit is conducted. A temperature-sensitive pellet-type temperature fuse having an OFF function is provided.
The above-mentioned silane coupling agent as a reinforcing material has an organic functional group and a hydrolyzable group in one molecule, and thereby can link an inorganic substance and an organic substance, thereby improving the physical strength of the thermosensitive pellet. Water resistance and adhesion can be improved. In addition, the surface treatment of a chemical or a thermoplastic resin with a temperature-sensitive material or an inorganic filler can improve the hydrophobicity and dispersibility of the inorganic substance, and achieve the surface modification of the organic resin or the like. On the other hand, the inorganic filler of the filler is preferably made of one or two or more fillers selected from silica, alumina, frit, silicate, and calcium salt, in addition to glass fiber and carbon fiber. Therefore, it is added within a range of about 5 to 25% by volume, thereby increasing the insulation resistance value and the withstand voltage value, and increasing the molding process and strength as mechanical characteristics, thereby exhibiting a pellet deformation suppressing function. Therefore, deformation and alteration, which are particularly likely to occur in the thermosensitive pellets of chemicals, are suppressed, mechanical strength is enhanced, and a thermosensitive pellet type temperature fuse having stable operating characteristics can be obtained. Similarly, hydrophobicity and dispersibility can be further improved by adding a silane coupling agent to the inorganic filler or by performing a surface treatment. Here, zeolite as a silicate, calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate as calcium salts are also used as the inorganic filler, and the amount of the additive is expected to increase the mechanical strength of the filler filler. The content is 5% by volume or more, and the amount required to secure an effective volume decrease due to melting of the temperature-sensitive material is set to about 25% by volume or less. Specifically, in the thermal fuse, the cylindrical envelope is made of a metal case, and the first lead member is attached by caulking and fixing at one end opening side to form the inner wall surface of the case as a first electrode. A second lead member is mounted by penetrating an insulating bushing mounted on the other end opening side of the metal case, and its tip is formed as a second electrode, extending in the longitudinal direction between the first electrode and the second electrode. A temperature-sensitive pellet mold in which two tongue-shaped elastic flat plates are arranged, a thermosensitive pellet is sandwiched between the two expanded tongue-shaped flat plates, and the back surface of the flat plate tip contacts the inner wall surface of the case. In another embodiment, the heat-sensitive pellet is housed in a tubular insulating tube, and the first and second lead members are fixed to the opening side of the insulating tube, respectively. The first and second electrodes, which are electrically connected to the And a conductor that can move from the energized position of the first electrode and the second electrode to the cutoff position is accommodated in an insulating tube, and this is electrically conductive through the insulator by a spring disposed at one end of the insulating tube. There is a temperature-sensitive pellet-type temperature fuse that presses the body against the temperature-sensitive pellet.
[0009]
Embodiment 1 FIGS. 1 and 2 are partial cross-sectional views of a temperature-sensitive pellet-type temperature fuse according to an embodiment of the present invention in normal temperature at normal temperature and during abnormal heating operation. This temperature-sensitive pellet-type temperature fuse is composed of a cylindrical metal case 1 having good thermal conductivity with good conductor such as copper or brass, a first lead member 2 fixed to one opening side of the case, and a metal lead. A switch including a temperature-sensitive pellet 3 housed in a case 1, a pair of pressing plates 4, 5, a strong compression spring 6, a
[0010]
Embodiment 2 In the embodiment of the present invention, a silane coupling material having one organic functional group on silicon atom Si and a functional group which reacts with a few inorganic substances is used for a temperature-sensitive material or an extender material. It is characterized by being mixed and added within a range of 0.2 to 2% by volume or surface-treated. This silane coupling material is generally a compound represented by the chemical formula of X to Si (OR) 3 and has two or more different reactive groups in a molecule, wherein X represents an amino group, a vinyl group, or an epoxy group. The other OR is a hydrolyzable group such as a methoxy group or an ethoxy group, and the other OR functions as a binder between the organic material and the inorganic material, which are usually difficult to bind. ing. When indicating the silane coupling agent by the general formula is YRSiX 3. Here, X: -OR hydrolyzable group bonded to a silicon atom, -Cl, such as -NR 2 Y: CH 2 = C (CH 3) with an organic functional group reactive with the organic matrix COO-, NH 2 CH 2 CH 2 NH-, HS-, CL- , and the like. Specific chemical substances and their structures include aminosilane (special aminosilane compound), γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane {CH 2 ＣC (CH 3 ) COO (CH 2 ) 3 Si (OCH 3 ) 3 }, vinyl Acetoxysilane {CH 2 ＣＨCHSi (OCOCH 3 ) 3 } and the like.
A simplified type of temperature-sensitive pellet mold disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-307925 is used by using a temperature-sensitive pellet formed by adding 1% of a silane coupling material and 10% of an inorganic filler to the temperature-sensitive material. It can also be applied to temperature fuses. In this case, a thermoplastic resin that melts at a predetermined operating temperature is used as a temperature-sensitive material, and a silane coupling material and an inorganic filler of glass fiber are added within a predetermined range to form a temperature-sensitive pellet as in the above-described embodiment. Process. The temperature-sensitive pellet-type thermal fuse is a cylindrical metal case for accommodating the above-mentioned pellet, and is caulked and fixed to one end opening side of the metal case, and has a first electrode on the inner wall surface of the case. A lead member, an insulating bushing which is inserted and fixed to the other end opening side of the metal case, and a second lead member which penetrates the insulating bushing and has a tip portion as a second electrode. And two plate springs sandwiching the thermosensitive pellet so as to perform both functions of a movable conductor member and a spring member. The springs are formed by the first electrode and the first electrode on the inner wall surface of the metal case. It is located between the second electrode at the tip of the two-lead member. That is, a flat spring composed of two tongues extending in the longitudinal direction having conductivity and elasticity is fixed at one end and electromechanically coupled to the second electrode of the second lead member, and is connected at the other end. The two tongues are flat springs whose legs can be freely opened. The temperature-sensitive pellets are held by holding the temperature-sensitive pellets by sandwiching the temperature-sensitive pellets between the tongue-shaped flat plates from the open leg side. The back surface of the tongue-shaped plate is brought into contact with the first electrode on the inner wall surface of the metal case. Therefore, the conductive state is maintained through the flat spring at normal temperature, but when the ambient temperature rises above a specific temperature, the thermosensitive pellet is melted, the flat spring is compressed by the compressive force, and the inner wall of the case is formed. Is disconnected, and the electric circuit between the first and second lead members is cut off. In this embodiment, in a thermal fuse having a simplified structure in which the number of components is reduced, a practical effect can be exhibited because the thermosensitive pellet enhances the mechanical strength with the silane coupling material and the filler filling.
[0012]
Embodiment 3 As a modification of another embodiment, a temperature-sensitive pellet is formed by applying a silane coupling material, which is a feature of the present invention, to a temperature-sensitive material or an inorganic filler by surface treatment. For the surface treatment method, the coupling material can be attached by a dry method or a wet method, but in the case of the spray method, it is sprayed using a solution or suspension of a silane coupling material diluted with an organic solvent or water. Give. Through such processing, the thermosensitive pellet is formed into a thermosensitive pellet. The thermosensitive pellet is accommodated in, for example, a cylindrical insulating tube, and first and second lead members are fixed to the opening side of the insulating tube, respectively, and the first and second electrodes are respectively formed on the inner wall surface of the case. A spherical conductor formed in a part and movable from a current-carrying position of the first electrode and the second electrode to a cut-off position is accommodated in an insulating tube, and the spherical conductor is disposed on the side of the thermosensitive pellet through the spherical insulator. And a spring that presses the spring. The spring is disposed on one end side of the insulating tube, and presses the spherical conductor to the thermosensitive pellet via the spherical insulator. Under normal conditions, the conductor is in contact with the first and second electrodes on the inner wall surface and is in a position to maintain the circuit conduction state. When the temperature-sensitive pellet exceeds a predetermined temperature due to a rise in temperature, the pellet melts, whereby the conductor is moved to the non-conductive position by the pressing of the spring, and the circuit is interrupted. In this embodiment, the structure is simplified, and the use of thermosensitive pellets to which an inorganic filler which is advantageous in mechanical strength is added is effectively used.
[0013]
According to the present invention, the silane coupling agent or the inorganic filler is added to the temperature-sensitive material or the surface treatment is performed, so that the molding of the pellet is facilitated, and the mechanical strength of the pellet itself is sufficiently increased. And with the aging of the pellet Eliminates malfunctions in operating functions due to deterioration of mechanical strength or deterioration of chemical structure. Addition of silane coupling material or inorganic filler to temperature-sensitive material, or surface treatment of silane coupling material to temperature-sensitive material or filler makes molding of temperature-sensitive pellets easier and regardless of storage conditions of temperature-sensitive pellets Deformation and alteration can be suppressed, thereby prolonging the life and stabilizing the operation. In particular, the improvement in pellet strength is effective in suppressing deformation due to springs. It is also a measure against premature breaks, and is also useful for simplifying the configuration of temperature-sensitive pellet-type temperature fuses, making it possible to provide low-cost products. To In addition, the temperature fuse is kept stable over a long period of time, even if it is stored in an atmosphere of high humidity or harmful gas. Practical effects such as prevention of deterioration in performance including characteristics, suppression of aging, and improvement of stability and reliability of always operating accurately at a predetermined operating temperature are great.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a temperature-sensitive pellet-type thermal fuse at normal temperature according to the present invention; FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a temperature-sensitive pellet-type thermal fuse after operation in the embodiment of FIG. 1;
1 metal case (envelope)
2 First lead member (first electrode)
3 Thermosensitive pellets 4, 5 Pressing plate 6 Strong compression spring (spring member)
7 Movable contact body (movable conductive member)
8 Weak compression spring (spring member)
9 Insulating
Claims (12)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002322003A JP4117779B2 (en) | 2002-07-09 | 2002-11-06 | Temperature sensitive pellet type temperature fuse |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002200202 | 2002-07-09 | ||
| JP2002322003A JP4117779B2 (en) | 2002-07-09 | 2002-11-06 | Temperature sensitive pellet type temperature fuse |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2004095524A true JP2004095524A (en) | 2004-03-25 |
| JP2004095524A5 JP2004095524A5 (en) | 2005-10-13 |
| JP4117779B2 JP4117779B2 (en) | 2008-07-16 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| JP2002322003A Expired - Fee Related JP4117779B2 (en) | 2002-07-09 | 2002-11-06 | Temperature sensitive pellet type temperature fuse |
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| JP (1) | JP4117779B2 (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006260926A (en) * | 2005-03-17 | 2006-09-28 | Nec Schott Components Corp | Thermal pellet type thermal fuse |
| US7323966B2 (en) | 2003-10-28 | 2008-01-29 | Nec Schott Components Corporation | Thermal pellet incorporated thermal fuse and method of producing thermal pellet |
| US7323965B2 (en) | 2002-04-24 | 2008-01-29 | Nec Schott Components Corporation | Thermal fuse using thermosensitive material |
| US7362208B2 (en) * | 2004-09-17 | 2008-04-22 | Nec Schott Components Corporation | Thermal pellet type thermal fuse |
| JP2010267626A (en) * | 2010-07-12 | 2010-11-25 | Nec Schott Components Corp | Thermal pellet type thermal fuse |
| US7843307B2 (en) | 2007-10-05 | 2010-11-30 | Nec Schott Components Corporation | Thermal fuse employing thermosensitive pellet |
| CN112289660A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-01-29 | 福州大学 | Organic matter type direct-current temperature fuse filled with quartz sand and working method thereof |
| EP4300531A1 (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2024-01-03 | Therm-O-Disc, Incorporated | Thermal cutoff device pellet composition |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109148238A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2019-01-04 | 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 | Thermal Cutoffs component and wall-breaking machine with it |
-
2002
- 2002-11-06 JP JP2002322003A patent/JP4117779B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7323965B2 (en) | 2002-04-24 | 2008-01-29 | Nec Schott Components Corporation | Thermal fuse using thermosensitive material |
| US7323966B2 (en) | 2003-10-28 | 2008-01-29 | Nec Schott Components Corporation | Thermal pellet incorporated thermal fuse and method of producing thermal pellet |
| US7362208B2 (en) * | 2004-09-17 | 2008-04-22 | Nec Schott Components Corporation | Thermal pellet type thermal fuse |
| JP2006260926A (en) * | 2005-03-17 | 2006-09-28 | Nec Schott Components Corp | Thermal pellet type thermal fuse |
| US7330098B2 (en) * | 2005-03-17 | 2008-02-12 | Nec Schott Components Corporation | Thermal fuse employing a thermosensitive pellet |
| US7843307B2 (en) | 2007-10-05 | 2010-11-30 | Nec Schott Components Corporation | Thermal fuse employing thermosensitive pellet |
| JP2010267626A (en) * | 2010-07-12 | 2010-11-25 | Nec Schott Components Corp | Thermal pellet type thermal fuse |
| CN112289660A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-01-29 | 福州大学 | Organic matter type direct-current temperature fuse filled with quartz sand and working method thereof |
| EP4300531A1 (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2024-01-03 | Therm-O-Disc, Incorporated | Thermal cutoff device pellet composition |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP4117779B2 (en) | 2008-07-16 |
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