JP2004089183A - Slope greening base reinforcement and slope greening method using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to reduce the amount of a bonding agent that may adversely affect the growth of a plant, or to stably attach a sprayed material to a slope without using a lath wire mesh.
SOLUTION: The slope greening base reinforcing material is obtained by mixing bamboo grass fibers. Alternatively, bamboo and bamboo grass fibers are mixed into the growth base material, the soil, cement or mortar. In the slope greening method, a spray material mixed with the above-described slope greening base reinforcing material is sprayed on the slope. Here, the spraying material mixed with the slope greening base reinforcing material is agitated by a spraying machine, and is then conveyed by compressed air and sprayed from a spray nozzle onto a target slope. Alternatively, a spraying material obtained by kneading the slope greening base reinforcing material is put into a spraying machine, and after adding water and stirring, it is conveyed by compressed air and sprayed from a spraying nozzle onto a target slope.
[Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a foundation reinforcing material used for a slope greening method by spraying and a slope greening method using the foundation reinforcing material.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As is well known, cut and embankment slopes generated by road construction and the like are easily degraded by weathering and erosion when left bare, and there is a high risk of earth and sand disasters such as slope collapse. For this reason, conventionally, the cut and embankment slopes have been covered and protected by mortar spraying or concrete spraying.
[0003]
Recently, with emphasis on the environment and landscape, spraying has been carried out using soil and base materials mixed with plant seeds.
Sprayers using plant seeds are mainly classified into seed sprayers that spray seeds, soil sprayers that spray seeds and soil, and thick-layer substrate sprayers that spray seeds and growing base materials.
[0004]
Seed spraying is performed on slopes where the cut and embankment surfaces are relatively fertile and the soil is turned into soil.
On the other hand, in the case of the soil spraying method and the thick-layer base material spraying method, the cut and embankment surfaces are extremely tight, exposing soil and embankment rocks and bedrock, which hinders plant growth. Used for certain slopes.
The materials used for these sprays may be washed away by rain or fall off before the plants grow.
[0005]
On the other hand, after the plant has grown sufficiently, the surface layer will be protected by the plant roots, so that the sprayed material may be stable on the slope surface until the plant grows.
In general, under such conditions, a thick-layer base spraying method in which a polymer resin or cement is mixed as a bonding agent into a growth base material is used.
However, since the bonding agent solidifies as time passes after spraying, it often hinders the growth of germinated plant roots.
[0006]
In addition, by laying the lath wire mesh on the slope surface before spraying, and fixing the lath wire mesh to the slope surface with anchor pins, by spraying, the growth base material is fixed by the lath wire mesh, In some cases, peeling of the material is prevented.
When lath wire mesh is laid, there is no hindrance to the growth of herbs, but in recent years it has been desired to introduce woody plants. When these woody trees are grown, the trunk diameter of the wire mesh (usually 5 cm) ), The lath wire mesh penetrates the trunk, which is a cause of inhibiting the growth of woody plants.
[0007]
In order to solve these problems, metal fibers or chemical fibers have been mixed into the growth base material and sprayed (for example, see Patent Document 1).
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent No. 3245303
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the metal fibers are rusted and have the original intention of significantly impairing the beauty of the slope.
[0009]
In addition, since chemical fibers are stable for a very long time, if many months have passed since the construction and the surface layer of the growth base material has been eroded, only the chemical fibers will remain on the slope surface or lower slope. It not only accumulates and detracts from aesthetics, but also causes death for birds and beasts that have ingested food incorrectly.
Furthermore, chemical fibers may generate harmful substances such as environmental hormones when decomposed, and the period required for decomposition is extremely long, so there is a fear that the environment will be polluted for a long period of time.
[0010]
In addition, the laying of lath wire mesh in strong acid soil causes cutting of the wire mesh from the humus portion due to metal corrosion by acid, causing the whole wire wire mesh to roll up by including the growth base material and causing the entire slope to become bare ground. Has become.
The present invention has been made to solve such a conventional problem, and its purpose is to reduce the amount of a bonding agent that may adversely affect the growth of plants, or to use a lath wire mesh. Another object of the present invention is to provide a slope greening base reinforcing material capable of stably attaching a spray material to a slope.
[0011]
Another object of the present invention is to provide a slope greening method using the slope greening base reinforcing material.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that fibers of bamboo grass are mixed.
[0013]
The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that bamboo and bamboo grass fibers are mixed into the growing base material, the soil, cement or mortar.
The invention according to claim 3 is the slope greening base reinforcing material according to claim 2, wherein the amount of the bamboo bamboo fiber mixed is 5% by weight with respect to the growth base material, the soil, cement or mortar. -30%.
[0014]
The invention according to claim 4 is the slope greening base reinforcing material according to claim 2, wherein the amount of the bamboo bamboo fiber mixed is 5% by weight with respect to the growth base material, soil, cement or mortar. ~ 15%.
The invention according to claim 5 is the slope greening base reinforcing material according to claim 2, wherein a mixing amount of the bamboo bamboo fiber is 1 in a weight ratio to the growing base material, the soil, cement or mortar. ~ 5%.
[0015]
The invention according to claim 6 is characterized in that a spray material mixed with the slope greening base reinforcing material according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is sprayed on the slope.
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a spraying machine in which the reinforcing material for a slope greening base according to any one of the first to fifth aspects is mixed, the water is added thereto, and the compressed air is added thereto. The spray material is discharged together with the compressed air from a spray nozzle, and is sprayed on a target slope by the compressed air.
[0016]
According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, a spray material obtained by kneading the slope greening base reinforcing material according to any one of the first to fifth aspects is charged into a spraying machine, water is added thereto, and the mixture is compressed. The spray material is conveyed by air, the spray material is discharged from the spray nozzle together with the compressed air, and the spray material is sprayed on the target slope by the compressed air.
The bamboo bamboo fiber used in the present invention has a required strength at the beginning of construction, but decomposes faster than chemical fiber, and does not release harmful substances such as environmental hormones upon decomposition.
[0017]
In addition, bamboo bamboo fibers have a longer fiber length than herbaceous fibers, and are easy to be processed into arbitrary lengths and thicknesses even though they are natural materials.
In addition, bamboo bamboos grow a lot in Japan, and there is no danger of causing disturbance of the ecosystem due to the attachment of foreign microorganisms and the like.
However, in recent years, the switch from fuelwood to petroleum and compost to chemical fertilizers, and the aging of forests and rural areas have resulted in poor maintenance of satoyama and the growth of bamboos planted for food. The runaway and the whole mountain bamboo grove, and the evils of bamboo grove came to be seen occasionally. In addition, even if logging is performed, the demand for bamboo charcoal, bamboo vinegar, etc. is small, and there is a situation in which the harvested bamboo must be treated as industrial waste.
[0018]
Therefore, by utilizing bamboo as a slope greening base reinforcement material, such a problem can be solved at once.
In the slope revegetation method, after the plants are grown, the slopes are stabilized by the plant roots. Therefore, even if the bamboo bamboo fiber is decomposed, the stability of the slopes is not affected at all.
In addition to bamboo bamboo grass, grass fiber is also conceivable.However, grass has low strength, and wood has much more woody part compared to fiber content, so it takes more time to extract fiber than bamboo bamboo grass. The amount of waste is extremely large, and the remaining woody material from which the fiber is taken out is discarded.
[0019]
It is also possible to extract fibers from jute, palm and palm, but they do not grow domestically and must rely on imports.
In such cases, microorganisms, seeds of other plants, or eggs of insects may be attached to these fibers, and if these attached microorganisms, seeds, or insects subsequently grow in Japan, the ecosystem will be damaged. This is not desirable because it may lead to disturbance.
[0020]
The bamboo bamboo used in the present invention may be either bamboo or bamboo. However, bamboo is preferable because bamboo has a higher fiber strength than bamboo.
[0021]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
[0022]
First, an embodiment of a slope greening base reinforcing material according to the present invention will be described (corresponding to claims 1 to 5).
The slope greening base reinforcing material according to the present embodiment is configured by mixing bamboo grass fibers.
Here, the base material constituting the slope greening base reinforcing material is a growth base material, a soil, cement or mortar.
[0023]
The breeding base material is composed of, for example, bark compost, peat moss (designated by the method of increasing the strength of the ground) perlite, cow dung compost, cultivation soil, and the like.
Bark compost is obtained by further pulverizing bark deposited over many years and subjecting it to high-temperature fermentation, and contains organic substances such as humic acid and lignin, and is excellent in fertilizer retention, water retention, and air permeability.
Peat moss (designated by the method of increasing the strength of the ground) is made up of thick layers of water moss, reeds, kayas, etc. that have died and piled up for thousands of years, and are rich in nutrients and have improved soil and improved water permeability and water retention. Highly effective.
[0024]
Perlite is a fired product of perlite and obsidian, and is porous and lightweight, and is effective in improving the water retention, air permeability and water permeability of the soil.
Cow dung compost is made by depositing and burning cow dung, and is also effective in improving the science and technology of the soil, such as promoting fertilizer-enhancing aggregate agglomeration and activating microorganisms.
[0025]
The cultivation soil is septic tank treatment sludge. The water retention function is enhanced by mixing the soil with the organic base material.
In addition, as the soil, a soil such as Kuroboku and Masa or a locally generated soil is used.
The soil is treated as a construction material as a soil material. In recent years, the locally generated soil has been defined as 100% recycling of construction waste in civil engineering work from the standpoint of zero mission. Therefore, in the present invention, 100% of locally generated soil can be mixed.
[0026]
For cement or mortar, it is also possible to use aggregates of cement spraying and mortar spraying, and bamboo bamboo grass fibers as a bulking agent.
As the bamboo bamboo fiber, a fiber crushed by hitting, scraping, explosion, or the like is used. It is desirable that the fiber length is 5 mm to 10 cm and the fiber diameter is generally smaller than 3 mm. Bamboo bamboo fibers are effective as a base reinforcing material in a length of 5 mm to 10 cm, but powdery fibers of less than 5 mm and bamboo-like fibers of 10 cm or more can be used depending on processing conditions. For fibers of 10 cm or more, the possibility of pumping is determined by the combined action of the diameter of the pumping hose, the degree of bending of the fibers, and the strength of aggregates by mixing with the growth base material.
[0027]
The amount of bamboo bamboo fiber mixed with the growth base material, the soil, the cement or the mortar, which is the base material of the fiber, is 50 to 30%, preferably 5 to 15%, particularly preferably 1 to 5% by weight.
If the lower limit is not satisfied, the effect of contributing to plant growth required for slope greening will be difficult to achieve, and if the upper limit is exceeded, it will be difficult to use as a spray material and the strength required for the slope Is difficult to secure.
[0028]
Next, a slope greening method according to the present invention will be described based on an embodiment shown in the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a flow sheet of spraying work in a slope greening method according to an embodiment of the present invention (corresponding to claims 6 to 8).
[0029]
The flow sheet shown in this figure is different from the flow sheet of the usual thick base material spraying method in that bamboo and bamboo grass fibers are added to the spray material.
First, an apparatus used in the present embodiment will be described.
In the present embodiment, a case will be described in which a spray material 25 mixed with a slope greening base reinforcing material made of a growth base material and bamboo bamboo grass fibers is directly injected into the spraying machine 1.
[0030]
A water hose 2 for supplying water and an air hose 3 for supplying compressed air are connected to the spraying machine 1. Here, a mortar spraying machine is used as the spraying machine 1.
A water pump 2 for supplying water from a water source 4 is attached to the water hose 2. By driving the water pump 5, it is possible to supply necessary water to the spraying machine 1.
[0031]
The water source 4 may be of any type, such as rivers, tap water, water tanks, wells, and the like, as long as it can take necessary water. 4a is a water tank.
A compressor 6 is connected to the air hose 3. By driving the compressor 6, it is possible to supply necessary compressed air to the spraying machine 1.
In addition, the electric power generated by the power generator 18 is supplied to the spraying machine 1, the pump 5, and the belt conveyor 7 via the switchboard 19 and the electric wires 20.
[0032]
On the other hand, the spraying material 25 used in the present embodiment is composed of the seeds 8, the fertilizer 9, the bonding agent 10, the breeding base material, and the bamboo bamboo grass fibers 11, and is injected into the spraying machine 1 by the belt conveyor 7.
The seed 8, fertilizer 9, bonding agent 10, growing base material, and bamboo bamboo grass fiber 11 constituting the spray material 25 are weighed in a single spraying amount and placed on the belt conveyor 7. Seed 8, fertilizer 9, and bonding agent 10 are measured by measuring device 21.
[0033]
The fertilizer 9 is desirably about 2 to 6 kg per 2000 liters of the growing base material, but this is not necessarily required depending on the type of the growing base material or the condition of the slope to be sprayed. The type of the fertilizer 9 can be selected according to the plant to be used, the certainty and persistence of the fertilizer effect, the cement, the growing base material, the plant damage and the like.
As the bonding agent 10, for example, a milky liquid of a synthetic resin containing a vinyl acetate / acrylic acid-based resin as a component, and a milky liquid of a biodegradable resin made of corn, potato and the like are used.
[0034]
A lath wire net 15 is provided on the target slope 14 with an anchor pin 16 and an auxiliary anchor pin 17.
Next, an operation method by the slope greening method according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
First, the spraying material 25 placed on the belt conveyor 7 is charged into the spraying machine 1. Next, the spraying machine 1 adds necessary water to the injected spraying material 25 and stirs it.
[0035]
By mixing the bamboo and bamboo fibers 11 with the growing base material in the spraying machine 1, various lengths of bamboo and bamboo fibers 11 are randomly mixed with the growing base material without any direction.
Next, the compressed air is conveyed to the spraying place via the material feeding hose 12. Then, the spray material 25 mixed with the compressed air is sprayed from the spray nozzle 13 to the target slope 14 by the compressed air.
[0036]
As a result, bamboo bamboo fibers 11 are arranged in a mesh in the growing base, and a slope revegetation base material having a shear strength of about 40% more than that in the growing base not including bamboo bamboo fibers 11. Is formed. This increase in shear strength serves as a base reinforcing material for the bamboo and bamboo fiber 11, and enables the omission of lath wire mesh.
Here, the minimum required thickness for the growth base of the plant is set so that roots can be extended into the base to fix the plant body, and the plant can absorb water and nutrients necessary for growth.
[0037]
The thicker the growth base, the wider the roots elongate, and the water and nutrients within that range can be used, so that the growth is good and stable growth can be achieved even in abnormal weather. Depending on the type of plant, the thinner the growth base, the thinner it is, the weaker it will be against abnormal weather such as sunshine, it will run out of fertilizer, it will take time to maintain the vegetation, and sometimes it will die. is there.
[0038]
Therefore, when determining the thickness of the growth base, it is necessary to sufficiently consider the form of the plant society to be restored, the degree of maintenance, the location conditions, the material and economics of the growth base, and the like.
As described above, the spray material 25 in which the bamboo and bamboo grass fibers 11 are mixed into the growth base material can be sprayed on the target slope 14.
[0039]
In the present embodiment, the case where the bamboo and bamboo fibers 11 are agitated with the growing base material in the spraying machine 1 has been described. However, the fibers 11 may be kneaded with a mixer or the like before the spraying machine 1 is charged. Also in this case, the various bamboo and bamboo fibers 11 are randomly mixed with the growing base material without any direction.
Further, in the present embodiment, the bonding agent 10 normally used for the spraying material 25 is blended. However, the use of the bamboo bamboo fiber 11 makes it possible to reduce or omit a smaller amount compared to a normal thick base material spraying work. It is possible. However, when the spray target slope 14 is steep, a bonding agent may be used as an auxiliary. Also in this case, by mixing the bamboo bamboo fiber 11, the use ratio can be reduced as compared with the usual thick layer base material spraying.
[0040]
In addition, although the lath wire mesh 15 is provided on the spray target slope 14, the lath wire mesh 15 can be omitted. However, if the spray target slope 14 is steep, a base material receiving method using a bamboo skewer or the like may be additionally used.
In the above-described embodiment, the case where the spray material 25 is sprayed by the spray machine 1 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, after the measured material is once put into a mixer and kneaded, the spray machine 1 May be thrown in. In addition, kneading may be performed manually. In addition to spraying the mixed spray material 25 on the target slope 14 with compressed air, the spray material 25 may be cast on the target ground by using, for example, a hydroseeder, a pressure pump, a bucket, or the like.
[0041]
Further, in the above embodiment, the case where the spraying material 25 is composed of the seed 8, the fertilizer 9, the bonding agent 10, the growing base material, and the bamboo bamboo fiber 11 has been described. Alternatively, mortar may be used.
Also in this case, the mixing amount of the bamboo bamboo fiber 11 is 50 to 30%, preferably 5 to 15%, particularly preferably 1 to 5% by weight relative to the soil, cement or mortar.
[0042]
Here, as the cement, besides ordinary Portland cement, porous cement and the like can be used.
Here, for example, the following usage forms can be considered for cement or mortar.
It is mainly used when vegetation is required on three sides of a river, embankment, Hoshiri, etc., and it is desired to prevent soil runoff due to running water, treading, etc. In particular, it is used in biotope maintenance / reconstruction work when the strength of the embankment / cutting soil is insufficient against running water, treading pressure, etc.
[0043]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, by using bamboo bamboo grass fibers, soil is formed in about 2 to 3 years, and there is no load on the environment.
Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the generation of fine cracks in the layer composed of the spray material due to the strength of the bamboo bamboo grass fiber. As a result, the topsoil is stabilized until the vegetation grows.
[0044]
Further, according to the present invention, the material can be obtained at low cost. In particular, it will help prevent satoyama from turning into bamboo forests and maintain a good ecosystem.
Due to the antibacterial effect of bamboo grass, runaway growth of vegetation is suppressed, and fertilizer can be used up in the spraying year, and vegetation can be prevented from remarkably decreasing from the following year.
[0045]
Since bamboo and bamboo fibers are randomly present in the growth base material, voids are increased, air circulation and moisture retention are enabled, and this has a positive effect on plant growth.
By mixing bamboo bamboo fibers, the shear strength is increased about 1.4 times as compared with the case where bamboo bamboo fibers are not mixed, and cracks, slipping, and peeling can be prevented.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a flow sheet of a spraying operation in a slope greening method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 spraying machine 2 water hose 3 air hose 4 water source 5 pump 5 pump 7 compressor 7 belt conveyor 8 seed 9 fertilizer 10 bonding agent 11 growth base material and bamboo bamboo fiber 12 material pressure feeding hose 13 spray nozzle 14 target slope 15 lath wire mesh 16 Anchor pin 17 Auxiliary anchor pin 18 Power generator 19 Switchboard 20 Electric wire 25 Spraying material

Claims (8)

Slope greening base reinforcement material characterized by mixing bamboo and bamboo fibers. A slope revegetation base reinforcing material characterized by mixing bamboo and bamboo grass fibers into a breeding base material, soil, cement or mortar. 3. The slope greening base reinforcing material according to claim 2, wherein the amount of the bamboo bamboo fiber is 5 to 30% by weight based on the growing base material, the soil, cement or mortar. Slope greening base reinforcement material. 3. The slope greening substrate reinforcing material according to claim 2, wherein a mixing amount of the bamboo bamboo fiber is 5 to 15% by weight based on the growing base material, the soil, the cement, or the mortar. 4. Slope greening base reinforcement material. The slope greening base reinforcing material according to claim 2, wherein the amount of the bamboo bamboo fiber mixed is 1 to 5% by weight with respect to the growing base material, the soil, cement or mortar. Slope greening base reinforcement material. A slope revegetation method, characterized by spraying a spray material mixed with the slope revegetation substrate reinforcing material according to any one of claims 1 to 5 onto a slope. A spraying material mixed with the slope greening base reinforcing material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, is charged into a spraying machine, water is added thereto, and the mixture is stirred and then conveyed by compressed air. A slope greening method, comprising discharging the spray material together with compressed air and spraying the sprayed material on a target slope with the compressed air. A spraying material obtained by kneading the slope greening base reinforcing material according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is charged into a spraying machine, water is added thereto, and the mixture is stirred and then conveyed by compressed air. A slope greening method, comprising discharging the spray material together with the compressed air and spraying the sprayed material on a target slope with the compressed air.

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