JP2004070302A - Stereoscopic screen constitution system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To simply structure an input optical system and an observation optical system for a stereoscopic image which have a variable field angle function freely adaptive to variation in input field angle and are free of rotational distortion that a conventional pair mirror optical system has as a problem for a longitudinal array stereoscopy system having stereoscopic screens arrayed one over another. <P>SOLUTION: A stereoscopic screen constitution system uses two oblique-directional optical axis converting paired mirrors which have the same horizontal optical axis refraction angle and also have their difference in vertical optical axis refraction angle as a field angle. Consequently, a distortion-free vertical refraction angle can be obtained without using a prism. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a three-dimensional image screen configuration method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The most common method of constructing a stereoscopic screen that inputs the left and right stereoscopic screens that compose the stereoscopic image as an input screen by a camera etc. There is a method of arranging vertically. Specifically, for example, an adapter having an optical system that converts and converts both left and right screens into a three-dimensional screen arranged vertically is formed, and this adapter is formed by installing this adapter in front of a normal camera. There is a method of capturing and inputting a three-dimensional screen with a three-dimensional screen configuration using a camera.
Also, this input screen can have various angles of view depending on the size of the target screen and the optical characteristics of the combined photographing camera, particularly the zoom function.
In this way, the left and right three-dimensional screens are captured and arranged as a three-dimensional screen having a configuration arranged vertically (herein, referred to as a three-dimensional unit screen), and the left and right screens arranged vertically on the three-dimensional unit screen Through a pair of optical system glasses that refract the optical axis such as a prism with different refraction angles on the left and right, and seeing them with the left and right eyes in a stereoscopic manner (here, this is a vertical array stereoscopic method) In order to realize), it is necessary to change the position and angle at which an image is viewed by using an image input optical system that composes a stereoscopic unit screen during shooting or an image input optical system that observes a stereoscopic unit screen during stereoscopic observation. An optical axis conversion optical system that refracts or moves the optical axis of the input image is required.
In general, a prism is often used in this optical system. In this case, a large screen and a large optical axis movement amount require a large refraction angle, and accordingly, the chromatic aberration and optical distortion of the prism are extremely large. It has become a problem in use. For this reason, use of a paired mirror combining two reflecting mirrors is conceivable instead, but this paired mirror has another problem.
For example, when performing stereoscopic observation with this vertical array stereoscopic method, in order to make it easier to see the stereoscopic screen, unnecessary screen parts remaining at the top and bottom of the stereoscopic screen where both the left and right screens overlap are masked by setting a shielding plate. What is lost is done. In this case, in addition to the mirror angle adjustment setting for superimposing the left and right screens, it is necessary to adjust the setting of the above-mentioned shield plate in order to mask unnecessary screen portions that are out of the overlapping stereoscopically viewed screen portion. However, since these settings require individual adjustments every time the angle of view of the input screen changes, the actual adjustment settings are diversified and are very difficult to use and lack practicality. Moreover, it has been impossible in practice to perform a zoom operation for continuously changing the angle of view.
In other words, the conventional pair mirror has an essential disadvantage that the angle adjustment of the mirror and the setting adjustment of the shielding plate must be adjusted separately.
Note that the pair mirror can be used for the binocular optical system at the time of stereoscopic observation, and for the sake of simplicity, the case where the pair mirror is used for the optical system of one eye is described here. The contents are the same for use with both eyes, of course.
[0003]
On the other hand, when an adapter or the like is installed in front of the photographing camera to capture the left and right screens as a stereoscopic unit screen during stereoscopic photographing, two optical axes are converted to collect the left and right images as one screen at the center. An optical system in which a pair of mirrors are combined in a horizontal direction is used. However, when a conventional simple pair mirror is used, in addition to the horizontal optical axis conversion, the vertical optical axis refraction by the elevation angle equivalent to the angle of view between the vertically arranged screens is necessary. In this case, rotational distortion occurs in the upper and lower images in opposite directions. For this reason, hitherto, a device has been devised in which a prism is inserted into the optical system of the pair of left and right mirrors to refract the optical axis in the vertical direction and suppress the rotation of the image.
However, also in this case, a prism is required, and the size of the screen is increased and the angle of refraction is increased with the enlargement and wide angle of the screen. As a result, adverse effects such as an increase in chromatic aberration and image distortion are caused. Was. In addition, since the angle of refraction of the prism is constant, the angle of view of the screen is fixed, and it is essentially impossible to change the angle of view or to perform a zoom operation for continuously changing the angle of view.
The use of a prism complicates the optical system, degrades resolution such as chromatic aberration, and limits the widening of the angle of view of the input screen. In addition, it has been desired to realize a stereoscopic screen configuration system which has a high resolution and enables a wide angle of view and variableness of a screen, and ideally, a zoom operation.
[0004]
On the other hand, in the past, in order to easily input a left and right stereoscopic image with a still camera, one camera is moved laterally by a distance equivalent to the right and left parallax angles with respect to one subject with one camera, and before and after the movement. The left and right screens were shot as two screens by releasing two shutters.
However, this requires time and operation work such as camera position movement operation and film winding operation, so that the subject is limited to a still image, and furthermore, accurate positioning and direction determination before and after the screen movement are performed. However, since both screens are likely to be displaced due to the difficulty in performing the operation, there is a dedicated moving slide device or the like, but this is not practical.
Therefore, even in the case where the simplification of stereoscopic image input is pursued, there has been a demand for a simple stereoscopic screen configuration method that can be used more easily.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention is based on the conventional optical axis conversion optical system and the stereoscopic screen configuration method using the same, as described above, the unavoidable chromatic aberration and optical distortion associated with the fixed input angle of view and the use of the prism. Is to solve the problem. In other words, the realization of an optical axis conversion optical system that has a variable angle of view function that can freely respond to changes in the input angle of view and that covers and shields unnecessary parts of the screen in accordance with this function. Aiming at realization of a new stereoscopic screen configuration system that realizes a stereoscopic image input optical system and observation optical system with a simple structure that has no rotation distortion and a variable angle of view function, which is a problem in the system.
Furthermore, with regard to digital cameras, we will focus on the active use of their functions and aim at realizing a dedicated stereoscopic screen configuration system that pursues further simplification.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
First, we aim to realize a paired mirror that can be easily handled as an optical axis conversion optical system that is a basic element that constitutes a three-dimensional screen configuration method.
That is, in general, the angle of refraction of the optical axis is changed by changing the angle of at least one of the paired mirrors. On the other hand, along the input / output optical axis in a direction crossing the optical axis connecting both mirrors. By configuring a movable variable angle of view optical axis conversion pair mirror optical system with the function of moving back and forth, it is possible to adjust the angle of view change and adjust the position of the corresponding shielding mask plate at the same time. The realized optical axis conversion optical system was realized. Furthermore, the realization of this optical system allows the angle of view to be changed continuously in a single operation, enabling continuous optical axis conversion to match the change in the angle of view of the zoom input screen, which was previously impossible. .
[0007]
Also, regarding the stereoscopic screen configuration method in which the left and right stereoscopic screens are vertically arranged in the vertical arrangement stereoscopic viewing method to form a stereoscopic unit screen, the optical system that incorporates the left and right stereoscopic screens has the same horizontal optical axis refraction angle and the two Introduces a horizontal angle compensation method that uses two diagonal optical axis conversion pair mirrors that makes the difference between the vertical refraction angles of the two screens the angle of view of the three-dimensional screen. A simple and high-performance 3D screen configuration method has been realized, which eliminates image rotation distortion that occurs when input images are captured vertically.
Further, by providing a function of converting the optical axis of only one pair of mirrors in the vertical direction only in the vertical direction, the angle of refraction of the optical axis in the vertical direction can be independently adjusted, and the input angle of view changes due to a zoom operation or the like. In this case, by changing the angle of view of the paired mirrors, the angle of view of the three-dimensional unit screen can be freely adjusted according to the angle of view.
In addition, by introducing and combining the movable variable angle of view optical axis conversion pair mirror with the pair of mirrors for varying the angle of view used therein, the angle of view of the input screen can be further simplified in this simple high-performance stereoscopic screen configuration method. Can be set, and the zoom operation of the input image can be more easily handled.
[0008]
On the other hand, as a technique for easily obtaining a left and right stereoscopic image with a still camera, a mirror angle switching function is introduced into an eyepiece mirror of a paired mirror for inputting left and right images, so that the left and right screens input to the camera are switched by switching the angle of the eyepiece mirror. A simple stereoscopic screen configuration system with a left and right stereoscopic screen switching method has been realized. This focuses on the fact that a digital camera that does not use film does not have the mechanical operation of film winding and can take pictures one after another with a high-speed electronic shutter.By switching this eyepiece mirror, the left and right screens input to the camera are changed. By switching the high-speed electronic shutter before and after switching, a simple stereoscopic screen configuration system that sequentially inputs left and right stereoscopic images in a shooting mode has been realized.
[0009]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
First, a movable variable angle of view optical axis conversion pair mirror related to the entire present invention will be described.
The outline of the basic operation of the movable variable angle of view optical axis conversion pair mirror of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In this configuration, for a stereoscopic unit screen G in which left and right stereoscopic screens L and R are vertically arranged, one screen (in this case, the lower R screen) and the other screen (in this case, the upper L screen) are In this case, when viewing the R through the paired mirror with the right eye, the left and right screens are superimposed at the same position with the left and right eyes to realize stereoscopic vision by converting the optical axis so that the observation screen RI can be seen at the position of ()). It is.
In the present invention, further, one of the paired mirrors (in this case, the eyepiece mirror B) is connected to the input / output optical axis (in this case, the line of sight from the eyepiece mirror B to the eye) in a direction transverse to the optical axis connecting both mirrors and outward from both mirrors. By introducing a function of moving back and forth along the optical axis), even if the size of the three-dimensional unit screen G changes, only the forward and backward movement of the eyepiece mirror B and a slight angle adjustment associated therewith make it easy. This makes it possible to obtain a masked screen having the same position as the other screen and always leaving only necessary parts.
[0010]
Next, a more detailed operation of the movable variable angle of view optical axis conversion pair mirror of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 5 shows that the position of the eyepiece mirror B of the paired mirror is changed to B1, B2, and B3 corresponding to screens R1, R2, and R3 of various sizes to be input. As a result, when viewed through the paired mirrors, the screens of R1, R2, and R3 are always displayed at the positions of the screens L1, L2, and L3, respectively, based on the lower end level of the mirrors, even if the mirror is moved. It is observed as
At this time, the eyepiece mirror B is designed so that the inclination of the mirror slightly increases as the mirror approaches the eye (observation screen becomes smaller) by the movement guide rail Q. Thus, it is possible to set such that these screens can always be observed at the same viewpoint position.
Specifically, the angle at which the light reflected at the lower end of the eyepiece mirror B is always output in the horizontal direction even when the mirror moves is obtained. Without this adjustment, when you move B to match the size of the screen, the direction in which the screen can be viewed (elevation angle) will also deviate, so in order to see the screen in front, it is necessary to change the angle of the entire pair mirror each time. Occurs.
The operation of FIG. 5 will be described in more detail.
First, considering the case of inputting G1 having the largest angle of view, the lower screen R1 of the three-dimensional unit screen G1 is captured by the objective mirror A at the full angle of view, and the eyepiece mirror B is located at the position farthest from the eye as B1. I come to. In this case, B1 covers the image with the full angle of view and is collected at the viewpoint F, and the actual observation screen appears as RI1 behind B1. At this time, it should be noted that the lower end R1d of the screen R1 is visible on the eyepiece mirror B1 at the lower end B1d when observing. This point is a position corresponding to the lower end of the upper screen L1, and in this case, the lower ends of L1 and RI1 are aligned at the same height.
In addition, the portion of the R1 screen that is further below the lower end R1d of R1 is outside the B1d when observing, so that it is masked by the mirror B1 and cannot be seen.
Further, the upper end R1t of the screen R1 corresponds to the upper end At of the objective mirror A, but the part that enters L1 above the upper end is a part that deviates from At. It is masked and becomes invisible and shielded.
[0011]
Next, a case where a smaller screen G2 is observed will be considered.
A mechanism that enables the lower screen R2 to be viewed at the same position as the upper screen L2 as in the case of G1 will be described.
First, the lower end R2d of R2 is reflected by the objective mirror A and received by the eyepiece mirror B2. At this time, the lower end B2d of the mirror is moved toward the eye so that the lower end B2d of the mirror comes to a point corresponding to R2d. . That is, B moves in a direction crossing the optical axis connecting the paired mirrors A and B, and only the intended portion of the screen passes through this lateral movement, and the other portions are masked. . As a result, the screen R2 just enters the frame between the end At of A and the lower end B2d of B2, so that the height of the screen is automatically defined. At this time, the mirror tilt angle of B2 is adjusted and set by moving the guide rail Q so that the optical axis that reflects B2d is horizontal (so that it is at the same height as the screen L2 on the original G2).
In this setting, the upper end R2t of the R2 screen is always reflected by the upper end At of the objective mirror A, moves first, is reflected by the set B2, reaches the eyes, and finally becomes the screen RI2. It is observed at the same position as L2.
At this time, as in the case of G1, in the case of G2 as well, in the screen R2, the portion below R2d is masked with B2d, and the portion above R2t is always masked with At. However, unnecessary portions above and below the observation screen RI2 are always masked.
That is, if the present pair mirror configuration is used, it is possible to always mask and block unnecessary portions on the upper and lower sides of the observation screen R whose optical axis has been converted, which has conventionally required many adjustment mechanisms for the shielding operation. .
Similarly, when observing a smaller screen G3, the eyepiece mirror B is further moved in a direction closer to the eye and set to the position of B3, and the screen R3 is observed as RI3 at the same position as L3.
As described above, by using the movable variable angle-of-view optical axis conversion pair mirror of the present invention, a three-dimensional unit screen of various screen sizes is displayed on one screen (for example, the R screen in FIG. 5). The optical axis conversion is performed so that the lower R screen, whose screen size changes based on the upper side, is observed as the RI screen whose screen size changes based on the same lower side as the other upper L screen, and each screen is further changed. A function that automatically masks unnecessary parts protruding above and below the camera has been realized.
In this embodiment, the eyepiece side B of the paired mirror is movable. However, since this is a relative movement between the mirrors A and B in principle, A can be moved instead of B, or A and B can be moved. Making them movable at the same time is basically the same, and is within the scope of the present invention.
[0012]
Further, in the present invention, the case where the upper end At of A and the lower ends B1d and B2d of B are located on the same plane is described for the sake of simplicity, but the optical axis connecting the two mirrors should be slightly longer. Can be done. This means that the optical axis becomes slightly longer as a whole even if they are apart from each other, which is practically not a problem, but rather makes a sufficient separation width between the screens, and makes it easier to see a stereoscopic image.
Further, in this example, A is inclined at 45 degrees so that the reflected optical axis is vertical for easy understanding of the operation. However, when the screen is small, B comes out to the front in order of B1 and B2. Therefore, problems such as protruding and contacting the eyes may occur. Therefore, in practice, A is not inclined at 45 degrees, but B is set further deeper (at a position away from the eyes) by increasing the inclination further, so that even if B moves and comes out forward. The configuration can be devised so that it does not hit the eyes.
On the other hand, when the eyepiece mirror moves from B1 to B2, for example, the heights RI1 and RI2 of the screen to be observed from the position of the viewpoint F change, but the bottom side must always be at the same horizontal position as L1 and L2. For this purpose, the mirror B is also moved from B1 to B2 so that the inclination angle is increased from α1 to α2 (the mirror angle is raised with the movement). For example, when one end of the mirror is moved as in the present embodiment, a guide Q having an inclination to be raised at the same time is provided so that the mirror inclination angle can be increased and the angle can be adjusted.
[0013]
Next, an embodiment of the present invention relating to a stereoscopic screen configuration method for configuring a stereoscopic unit screen will be described in detail.
First, when the left and right input screens are configured as an input screen of a three-dimensional unit screen arranged vertically, the conventional method of simply combining two sets of paired mirrors eliminates the rotational distortion of the image due to the difference in elevation angle between the upper and lower screens. Will happen. Here, the horizontal angle compensation pair mirror system of the present invention for preventing this will be described.
Before this description, the operation of a general pair mirror will be confirmed.
First, in the paired mirrors A and B shown in FIG. 3, when the optical axis angle changes by α in the same optical axis plane (in this case, the vertical plane) at B, the input optical axis e and the The image RI of the input image R can be viewed in a direction refracted from the parallel line g by the angle α without causing rotational distortion.
At this time, the inclination of the eyepiece mirror B changes by α / 2.
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, consider the case where the paired mirror has an optical axis plane inclined at an angle β in an oblique direction. When the optical axis angle changes by α in the eyepiece mirror B in this plane, the image RI of the input image R is within that plane as far as the optical axis plane with the inclination angle β is as described above. It is possible to observe an image without rotation distortion in the direction changed by the optical axis angle α.
That is, the image RI passing through the paired mirror having the optical axis plane inclined at an angle β from the vertical is generally a line parallel to the input optical axis e of the objective paired mirror A on the optical axis plane at the inclined angle β in the eyepiece paired mirror B. g in the direction refracted from g by the angle α, that is, in the horizontal direction, in the direction refracted by the horizontal component angle αH of α, and in the vertical direction similarly by the vertical component angle αV of α without rotation distortion. Can be seen as Therefore, if the optical axis angle of the eyepiece mirror B is not changed (α = 0), the image RI can naturally be observed in the direction of the optical axis g parallel to the input optical axis e without distortion.
[0014]
After understanding the characteristics of these paired mirrors, a three-dimensional screen configuration method for forming a three-dimensional unit screen by the horizontal angle compensation pair mirror method of the present invention combining the paired mirrors will be described.
First, FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the three-dimensional screen configuration system of the present invention.
This is to combine the above-mentioned obliquely inclined pair mirrors to combine images input from the left and right pair mirrors up and down without rotational distortion to form a unit stereoscopic screen.
In FIG. 1, when the angle of view between the upper and lower screens of the stereoscopic screen is αC, the optical axis angle is refracted by α in the eyepiece pair mirror BR on the optical axis plane with the inclination angle β, so that the horizontal direction angle αHR is obtained. And a diagonally inclined right screen pair mirror AR, BR having a vertical component angle αVR (that is, having an angle of αHR in the horizontal direction and αVR in the vertical direction from a line gR parallel to the input optical axis). Is combined with the horizontal left screen pair mirrors AL and BL having a horizontal optical axis plane having an angle αHL only in the horizontal direction (that is, having an angle αHL in the horizontal direction from a line gL parallel to the input optical axis). Have been.
Here, the vertical direction angle αVR of the right screen pair mirror is set equal to αC, and the horizontal angle of the left screen pair mirror can be freely changed and adjusted independently. Therefore, the horizontal refraction angle αHL of the left screen pair mirror is set to the other angle. If the horizontal screen angle is set equal to the horizontal screen angle αHR of the right screen pair mirror and horizontal angle compensation is performed, the left screen LI and the right screen RI thereunder are refracted by the angle of view αC in the direction of the horizontal refraction angle αHR and are vertically arranged. A three-dimensional unit screen LRI is configured.
Here, in order to make the horizontal division angle of the left screen pair mirror in FIG. 1 equal to that of the right screen, since the mirror position is opposite to the right screen mirror across the three-dimensional unit screen, the horizontal angle αHL needs to be negative, and specifically, the mirror is set to be αHR (and thus −αHR) in the opposite direction (the direction of R).
Further, here, since the angle of the horizontal left screen pair mirror can be freely adjusted in the horizontal direction, it is possible to adjust the viewing angle matching point for setting a matching point (distance) between the left and right screens on the stereoscopic screen.
In general, it is possible to use this tilted pair mirror for both left and right screens. In this case, however, the horizontal angle of both mirrors is set to the same αH (that is, αHR = αHL = αH) and the vertical If the inclination angles βR and βL are set so that the difference between the direction component angles becomes equal to αC, the three-dimensional unit screen LRI can be configured with the angle of view αC between the upper and lower screens in the direction of the horizontal direction component angle αH.
[0015]
Next, FIG. 6 is a view showing another embodiment of the three-dimensional screen configuration system of the present invention, in which the pair mirror is not tilted as described above, but the tilt angle is set to zero. That is, one right screen in FIG. 1 is configured as a vertical optical axis plane, and the other left screen is configured as a horizontal optical axis plane. Of course, the same applies when the vertical and horizontal directions of the left and right screens are reversed.
In the case of FIG. 6, the right screen has only the vertical refraction angle αV and can be changed independently, so this may be set to the vertical refraction angle αC required for the right screen. As a result, by freely variably setting the refraction angle αC for the paired mirrors, it is possible to easily realize the zoom input of the three-dimensional unit screen, which is impossible because the angle of view is fixed by the conventional method.
Also, since the left screen originally has only a horizontal angle, it can be set freely. In this case, since the horizontal angle of the right screen is zero, there is no need to compensate them in the left screen, and there is no need to move the left screen. That is, in the present system, a stereoscopic screen input optical system for creating a stereoscopic unit screen LRI can be easily configured only by adjusting the refraction angle αV to αC for one pair of mirrors on one vertical optical axis surface.
Further, since the horizontal angle of the left screen can be changed independently, it can be used for adjusting the viewing angle coincidence point in the same manner as in FIG.
However, in the configuration of FIG. 6, the eyepiece mirror BR of the right screen pair mirror is located behind the eyepiece mirror BL of the left screen pair mirror so that the optical axes of the left and right screens do not intersect and shade each other. In this case, the difference in the optical path length between the two screen pair mirrors can be adjusted by, for example, moving the right screen eyepiece mirror BR back and forth to change the optical path length.
In particular, in the configuration of FIG. 6, if the movable variable angle-of-view optical axis conversion pair mirror described at the beginning of the present invention is used for the vertical pair mirrors AR and BR, the observed image is moved by moving the AR or BR back and forth. The angle can be adjusted. Therefore, also in this case, since the upper and lower angle of view αC of the stereoscopic screen can be freely set variably, zoom input of the stereoscopic unit screen which cannot be realized by the conventional method because the angle of view is fixed can be easily realized.
In this case, in the vertical direction mirror, the vertical width of this screen (right screen R) is masked corresponding to the angle of view. On the other hand, such a mask is not applied to the other (left screen L) horizontal pair mirror, but since the bottom (lower side) Ld of the same screen is always fixed with respect to the change in the angle of view, the upper end of the same screen is set to the angle of view. By masking correspondingly, upper and lower masks can be easily made.
In addition, this screen up / down mask operation is generally performed by moving the shielding plate, which is set in such a manner as to border the screen edge (in this case, the upper side of the screen) up and down, to the position of this screen edge (the upper side of the screen). Can be adjusted by moving the shield plate up and down, but also by tilting the shield plate back and forth, and similarly rotating it back and forth around the horizontal axis to change the height of the shield plate, so that the shield position can be adjusted up and down more easily. It is possible to do.
Further, when using a zoom input having a variable input angle of view as the input screen, the vertical size of the left screen is set to be the same as that of the right screen, that is, the entire vertical size of the input screen is set to the size of the right screen. If it is set to be twice the width in the vertical direction, the upper and lower angles of view are automatically zoomed around the center (the boundary between the upper and lower screens) as the angle of view changes as shown in FIG. Can be set to the input angle of view.
[0016]
FIG. 7 is a view showing still another embodiment of the three-dimensional screen construction system of the present invention.
In this case, an optical system having a vertical optical axis plane is used as a left screen on the upper side of the stereoscopic screen to realize refraction of a vertical angle of view difference αC, and a horizontal light for obtaining a stereoscopic parallax angle is provided below the same screen. This is an embodiment using an optical system for axial movement as a right screen.
Here, the change in the angle of view αC due to the input zoom operation is generally determined by changing the angle of refraction in the vertical direction by changing the angle of at least one of the paired mirrors (corresponding to AL7 and BL7 in this case) in the optical system on the vertical optical axis plane. It can cope by adjusting.
For specific adjustment, for example, assuming image input to a zoom camera, if you want to change the angle of view to a wide angle or a narrow telephoto angle, first, for the right screen with a fixed horizontal refraction angle, this is the camera Set the camera's zoom angle (magnification) and direction so that it is positioned at the lower half (lower screen) on the monitor screen with the desired zoom magnification. Next, while the position of the lower right screen is fixed, the optical axis refraction angle of the left screen pair mirror whose variable optical axis in the vertical direction is variable changes the upper screen (upper screen) on the monitor screen to the right screen. If the adjustment is set so that the other left screen corresponding to the position is at the same height, a three-dimensional screen corresponding to the change in the angle of view can be set. As an adjustment method for adjusting the height position of the left and right screens corresponding to the change in the angle of view, first, for the right screen (lower screen), which is a fixed screen, for example, a screen portion such as the upper end or the lower end of which is easy to observe the height. Mark it as a guide for adjustment, and then, as it is, illuminate the corresponding upper or lower end of the left screen (upper screen) of the other optical axis variable so that the height of the corresponding screen portion used as the guide matches. What is necessary is just to adjust the axial refraction angle. For example, if a mark such as a convex or concave is set on or near an objective mirror (corresponding to AR7 here) farthest from the viewpoint or camera at the upper end of the lower screen which is substantially at the center of the monitor screen, Adjust the optical axis refraction angle of the upper screen so that the corresponding screen part of the upper screen corresponding to this mark position is located at the upper end of the upper screen because the mark position is clearly displayed without blurring on the camera monitor Thereby, the angle of view can be easily adjusted.
Further, a narrow and long band-shaped shielding band is set near the position where this mark is set, and a mark corresponding to a projection or a recess at the tip of a projection or a depression is provided on a part of the edge of the shielding band. As with the mark at the previous mark position, a narrow band-like area with little blurring can be formed along with the mark at the center of the monitor screen by this shielding band, which functions as a dividing band that clearly separates the upper and lower screens. Can be made.
Also in this case, if the movable variable angle of view optical axis conversion pair mirror of the present invention is used as the pair mirror, the vertical screen position can be set and the unnecessary screen part can be shielded at the same time with respect to the change of the angle of view. Angle adjustment becomes easier.
In the embodiment of FIG. 6 described above, the optical system on the vertical optical axis plane moves the optical axis from the objective mirror AL located at the height of the upper screen to the lower screen (R screen). In the case of the example, since the upper screen (L screen) is used, the vertical movement amount of the optical axis is smaller than that in the case of FIG.
On the other hand, regarding the right screen optical system in FIG. 7, its objective mirror AR7 is at the same height as AL7 of the left optical system, and the eyepiece mirror BR7 is located at a lower position corresponding to the lower screen. Strictly speaking, the movement of the optical axis is not horizontal but oblique. That is, in FIG. 1, the optical axis corresponds to the right optical system composed of AR and BR having a constant angle β. Here, the refraction angle α of the eyepiece mirror is set to zero. , The refraction angle is zero in both the vertical and horizontal directions, and an optical axis parallel to the input optical axis is realized.
Thus, in the right screen here, the optical axis is not a complete horizontal movement, so if the horizontal optical axis is slightly refracted to adjust the viewing angle coincidence point of the stereoscopic screen, it is precisely this optical axis refraction that In order to correct the rotational distortion caused by the vertical refraction component, it is necessary to perform correction adjustment for adding the change to the vertical refraction angle αV7 of the left screen. However, if the right screen has a nearly horizontal optical axis inclination and a small vertical refraction component, the correction of the vertical refraction component can be ignored.
[0017]
On the other hand, in a digital camera that has become rapidly widespread in recent years, images are electronically recorded as image files. Therefore, even in the case of the three-dimensional system, it is not always necessary to take a single photograph in which the left and right screens are arranged vertically. It is no longer necessary.
Specifically, the image data electronically recorded in the image file may be edited when the image is output, and may be extracted as a stereoscopic unit screen in which the left and right screens are arranged vertically when necessary. This applies not only to the stereoscopic method but also to a conventional stereoscopic method in which both stereoscopic screens are arranged on the left and right.
Therefore, if the left and right screens can be photographed almost at the same time even in a time-division manner, a stereoscopic photograph can be taken. In this case, a method different from those described above can be introduced for the stereoscopic photographing method. That is, in this case, it is only necessary to provide a function of quickly switching between the left and right screens and inputting the data as continuous data in a time-sharing manner. In this case, the refraction function of the optical axis for forming the input screen as one solid unit screen. And so on, and a simple stereoscopic image input configuration can be realized. However, in a conventional ordinary film camera, a film winding operation is necessary, and a mechanical operation of the film winding is always involved, so that high-speed screen switching was impossible. That is, this is only possible with a digital camera.
FIG. 8 shows a three-dimensional screen configuration system of this system.
First, referring to FIG. 8A, the objective pair mirrors AL and AR have a function of taking in the left and right screens CL and CR at positions separated by a parallax distance d. In this figure, the eyepiece mirror B can rotate around its rotation axis X, and its position switches between two states, SL and SR. Here, when the position is SL, the eyepiece mirror B inputs the image of the left screen CL coming from AL to the camera K as described above, while the eyepiece mirror B rotates in the direction of the arrow and the position becomes SR. Since the right screen CR from the AR sometimes enters the camera K, the left screen is shielded by the eyepiece mirror B, and the right screen is switched and input. When the eyepiece mirror B rotates in the direction of the dotted arrow, it is necessary to have reflective surfaces on both sides. However, if the rotation angle is further increased at the time of switching, even a single-sided mirror can rotate in the direction of the dotted arrow.
As is well known in the viewfinder mirror flipping operation of a conventional single-lens reflex camera, this operation is sufficiently fast, and practically, images can be taken almost at the same time unless the subject moves particularly at high speed.
That is, in this case, by switching B and releasing the shutter of the camera K before and after that, the left and right screens can be easily captured almost simultaneously in a time-division manner.
[0018]
Similarly, FIG. 8B shows a three-dimensional screen configuration method using a single-sided mirror eyepiece mirror BL, which further simplifies the mirror rotation operation.
That is, in this figure, the mirror optical systems AR and BR on the right screen are fixed, and only the eyepiece mirror BL on the other left screen is rotated.
The mirror BL is in a steady state at the position of SL, and the left screen CL enters the camera K normally through this. However, when the mirror BL rotates and becomes SR, the left screen CL is blocked and simultaneously the right screen is Since the light path is removed from the shielding, the right screen CR enters the camera K via the mirrors AR and BR which are also always set to the steady state. That is, the eyepiece mirror BL need only be deviated from the optical system of the screen by rotation, and there is no need for a function of quickly and stably stopping at a fixed position after rotating like the eyepiece mirror B in FIG. It's easy.
Of course, in this case, the mirror BL does not necessarily need to be rotated, and may be moved by a method such as sliding because the BL may be out of the position of the SL that blocks the right screen. In this case, if the distance of the object is a certain distance, the difference between the distances to the left and right screens can be neglected. Therefore, the right screen can be removed from AR and BR and directly enter the camera K from the front.
In addition to the shutter operation itself to press the shutter button, the completion of the camera shutter operation can be easily obtained by mechanically pressing the shutter button physically, or by using the electronic shutter with the electric shutter operation completion signal. Can be done. At the same time, this rotating eyepiece mirror can be turned on with a mechanical lever or an electric switch to start the rotation operation, and if the operation is completed mechanically, the movement of the lever physically returns. Alternatively, in the case of electric, this can be easily detected by installing a rotation completion sensor. By combining these, not only the camera shutter operation but also the mirror rotation operation can be operated mechanically or electrically in conjunction.
That is, a three-dimensional screen configuration method in which the above-described three-dimensional screen configuration method of FIG.
Specifically, for the operation of the shutter to be combined and the operation of the mirror moving mechanism such as the mirror rotation in the three-dimensional screen configuration method, an operation on switch and an operation completion sensor for the shutter operation or the mirror moving operation are provided. For example, first, when the camera shutter for the left screen shooting is turned on as the first screen, a movement operation switch such as mirror rotation is turned on and operated by a completion signal generated by the shutter completion sensor, and further obtained by the operation completion sensor. In addition, the configuration is such that the shutter operation switch for the right screen photographing, which is the next second screen, is turned on by the mirror rotation operation completion signal, thereby realizing a structure for automatically performing a series of photographing of the stereoscopic left and right screens. I can do it.
[0019]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, it is possible to freely respond to the input of a stereoscopic screen of a variable angle of view including a zoom operation and the stereoscopic vision of screens of different sizes, which have not been obtained in the vertical arrangement stereoscopic method until now. An optical axis conversion optical system having a variable angle of view and a three-dimensional screen construction method using the optical system have been realized. As a result, it has become possible for people to freely and easily take and view stereoscopic images on a variable screen using a familiar video camera or digital camera.
This greatly contributes to the widespread and widespread use of the world of stereoscopic video, which has been limited to special fields of specialty because of its complicated and large scale and expensive, and its social significance is very large. large.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a stereoscopic screen configuration method according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a basic operation of a movable variable angle of view optical axis conversion pair mirror of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the operation of a general pair mirror.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of an operation of a pair mirror having an inclined optical axis surface.
FIG. 5 is a detailed explanatory diagram of a movable variable angle of view optical axis conversion pair mirror of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the stereoscopic screen configuration system of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing still another embodiment of the three-dimensional screen construction system of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a digital camera stereoscopic screen configuration method according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
A, AL, AR, AL7, AR7 Objective pair mirror
B, BL, BR, BL7, BR7 Eyepiece pair mirror
F viewpoint
L, L1, L2, L3, CL Left screen
R, R1, R2, R3, CR Right screen
G, G1, G2, G3 3D unit screen
LI, LI7 observation screen
RI, RI1, RI2, RI3 observation screen
At the top of the mirror
B1d, B2d Lower end of mirror
K camera
LRI, LRI7 3D unit screen
Q Moving guide rail
R1d, R2d, Ld Lower edge of screen
R1t, R2t Top of screen
SL Eyepiece mirror left screen setting position
SR eyepiece mirror right screen setting position
X mirror rotation axis
d Parallax distance
e Input optical axis
g, gL, gR Lines parallel to the input optical axis
α Optical axis refraction angle
αC Angle of view between upper and lower screen
αV, αVR, αV7 Vertical angle
αH, αHL, αHR Horizontal direction angle
β, βL, βR Optical axis tilt angle

Claims (7)

In a three-dimensional image construction method in which optical elements are used to capture two images on one screen, they have the same horizontal optical axis refraction angle, and the difference between the two vertical refraction angles between the two stereoscopic screens. A three-dimensional screen configuration method comprising two diagonal optical axis conversion pair mirrors having an angle of view. 2. The stereoscopic screen configuration system according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the two diagonal optical axis conversion pair mirrors includes a vertical or horizontal optical axis conversion pair mirror. 3. The three-dimensional screen configuration method according to claim 1, wherein the two diagonal optical axis conversion pair mirrors include a vertically variable optical axis conversion pair mirror including a mirror that changes an inclination angle on at least one of the pair mirrors. A stereoscopic screen configuration method characterized by being performed. At least one of the paired mirrors configured for optical axis conversion has a function of moving along the input / output optical axis in a direction crossing the optical axis connecting the two mirrors, and further has a function of moving the optical axis A movable variable angle-of-view optical axis conversion pair mirror composed of a mirror having a function of changing the tilt angle with respect to. 3. The three-dimensional screen configuration system according to claim 1, wherein the two diagonal optical axis conversion pair mirrors are disposed on at least one of the paired mirrors in a direction crossing an optical axis connecting both mirrors and on an input / output optical axis. A movable variable angle of view optical axis conversion pair mirror with a function to move along the optical axis and a function to change the inclination angle with respect to the optical axis as needed along with the movement. A three-dimensional screen configuration system characterized by things. A three-dimensional screen configuration system having an eyepiece mirror having a function of switching a reflection angle and at least one objective mirror forming a pair with the eyepiece mirror, and having a function of switching between two stereoscopic screens by switching the angle of the eyepiece mirror. The mirror switch function is equipped with an operation on switch and an operation completion sensor. By combining with a camera equipped with an operation on switch and an operation completion sensor on the shutter, the shutter switch on the first screen is activated and the operation of this shutter is completed. 7. The three-dimensional screen configuration system according to claim 6, further comprising a function of turning on a mirror moving function by a sensor signal and turning on a shutter switch of the second screen by an operation completion sensor signal of the moving function.

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