JP2004052318A - Elastic pavement structure - Google Patents
Elastic pavement structure Download PDFInfo
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- JP2004052318A JP2004052318A JP2002209690A JP2002209690A JP2004052318A JP 2004052318 A JP2004052318 A JP 2004052318A JP 2002209690 A JP2002209690 A JP 2002209690A JP 2002209690 A JP2002209690 A JP 2002209690A JP 2004052318 A JP2004052318 A JP 2004052318A
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- pavement structure
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Abstract
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、滑り摩擦係数を改善した弾性舗装構造体に関する。さらに詳細には、チップ材と硬質骨材を弾性結合剤で連結してなる弾性舗装構造体であって、舗装路、車道、河川敷の遊歩道、ゴルフ場、テニスコート、競技場などのグラウンドに使用する滑り摩擦係数の大きい弾性舗装構造体に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
テニスコート、運動競技場、ゴルフ場の歩経路などに使用される舗装構造体は、運動や競技をする際、腰、膝などに負担がかからず、しかも補修が簡便であることから、加硫ゴムやポリウレタンなどよりなる弾性舗装構造体が多用されている。
【0003】
この種の弾性舗装構造体の材料として、ポリウレタンを単独で使用すると、弾力性、耐久性、透水性などにおいて比較的優れているが、価格が高くなるため、廃タイヤなどの粉砕品からなるゴムチップ材を充填材としてポリウレタン中に埋め込んだ弾性舗装構造体や、少量の弾性結合剤でゴムチップ材の表面を被覆し、空隙を多くした弾性舗装構造体が多数提案されている。これらの弾性舗装構造体は、使用されるゴムチップ材が、安価な廃タイヤなどの粉砕品であり、ゴムチップ材の使用割合だけポリウレタンの使用割合が減るため、経済的な弾性舗装構造体である。また、ゴムチップ材を弾性結合剤で連結したものであるから、騒音を低減する効果も奏する。したがって、テニスコートや運動競技場などの歩経路のみならず、車道にも適用する試みがなされている。
【0004】
しかし、このような弾性舗装構造体は滑り摩擦係数が小さいという欠点があり、特に、雨などにより表面が濡れると、滑り摩擦係数がさらに小さくなる。弾性舗装構造体の滑り摩擦係数を高めるために、砂利、砂やウレタンバンパーの粉砕品などの硬質骨材を配合する方法などが提案されているが、未だ滑り抵抗性が十分に改善されているとはいえない。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、滑り摩擦係数が大きく、表面が濡れた場合においても滑り摩擦係数を高く維持できる弾性舗装構造体を提供しようとするものである。また、資源の有効利用を図り、経済的にも優れた弾性舗装構造体を提供しようとするものである。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の弾性舗装構造体は、チップ材および硬質骨材を弾性結合剤で連結してなる弾性舗装構造体であって、硬質骨材が、製鉄後に銑鉄から分離回収した溶融スラグより得られる砂状スラグを含むことを特徴とする。
【0007】
砂状スラグは、溶融スラグを水で急冷することにより得られる水砕スラグが好ましい。チップ材と硬質骨材の容積比は、99:1〜25:75が好ましく、弾性舗装構造体は、転写版または転写シートにより表面に突起部が形成されているものが好ましい。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の弾性舗装構造体は、チップ材および硬質骨材を弾性結合剤で連結してなり、硬質骨材は、製鉄後に銑鉄から分離回収した溶融スラグより得られる砂状スラグを含む。
【0009】
砂状スラグは、製鉄後の副生成物である溶融スラグを原材料とするため、資源を有効に利用することができ、経済的に優れた弾性舗装構造体を製造することができる。また、既に溶融状態にあるスラグを原材料とするため、ヘドロなどの廃物をコークスなどとともに加熱し溶融してから使用する場合に比べて、製造工程を短縮し、簡略化し、製造コストを低下することができる。さらに、砂状スラグは微細で均一な多孔質であるため、弾性舗装構造体表面の滑り摩擦係数を高め、雨などにより表面が濡れている状態でも、滑り摩擦係数を高く維持することができる。また、砂状スラグを配合することにより、透水性および磨耗性を高めることができる。このような砂状スラグの優れた効果を引き出すために、砂状スラグは、骨材中に1容積%以上、75%容積以下配合することが好ましい。
【0010】
製鉄においては、良質のセキテッ鉱およびジテッ鉱はそのまま、またカッテッ鉱、リョウテッ鉱およびオウテッ鉱は焼いて酸化鉄(III)としてから、コークスおよび溶剤としての石灰石とともに溶鉱炉の上部から装入する。下部から熱風を送ってコークスを燃焼させると、つぎの反応が起こり、還元された鉄(銑鉄)が得られる。
【0011】
3Fe2O3+CO=2Fe3O4+CO2+8.4kcal
Fe3O4+4CO=3Fe+4CO2+4.3kcal
銑鉄1tあたり、鉄鉱石1.6t、コークス0.7t、石灰石0.3tおよび空気3tを要する。コークスは、燃焼して溶鉱炉内を高温に保つとともに、還元性のCOガスを発生する。また、炉の高温部では、コークスによる直接還元も起こる。銑鉄は溶融し、炉の底部に溜まり、溶融した銑鉄の上に溶融スラグが浮上する。本発明で使用する砂状スラグは、この溶融スラグから得られる。
【0012】
砂状スラグは、溶融スラグを水で急冷することにより得られる水砕スラグが、微細で大きさが均一な多孔質の粒子を得やすく、また比較的作業性がよく、大量に製造できる点で好ましい。微細で均一な多孔質の粒子を得るためには、溶融スラグの温度は、900℃〜1500℃が好ましい。水は常温の水を使用することができる。また、溶融スラグに加圧水を噴射して急冷するのが好ましい。加圧水の圧力は、0.10MPa以上が好ましい。水砕スラグは、乾燥してから配合する方が、他の配合成分と混練する際の作業性がよく、弾性結合材との接着性がよいなどの点で好ましい。
【0013】
砂状スラグの粒径は、0.05mm〜10mmが好ましく、0.3mm〜2mmがより好ましい。粒径が10mmより大きいと、弾性舗装構造体内での接着接点が少なくなるため、引張物性が小さくなる。一方、粒径が0.05mmよりも小さいと、滑り摩擦係数を高める効果が小さくなる。
【0014】
砂状スラグのほか、硬質骨材として、珪砂、鉱滓、砕石、人工セラミックス、プラスチック粉砕物またはガラス粉砕物を配合してもよく、これらの混合物を配合してもよい。これらの硬質骨材を配合することにより経済的な弾性舗装構造体を製造することができ、弾性舗装構造体の表面の滑り摩擦係数をある程度増加させることができる。
【0015】
チップ材としては、低価格の弾性舗装構造体を製造するために、また、資源のリサイクルの観点から、廃タイヤ、廃車の窓枠ゴム、電線被覆用ゴムなどを粉砕して得られるゴムチップ材が好ましい。
【0016】
ゴムチップ材としては、ファイバー状ゴムチップ材(ひじき状ゴムチップ材)と粒状ゴムチップ材とがあり、本発明の弾性舗装構造体に使用するゴムチップ材としてはいずれも使用することができる。また、ファイバー状ゴムチップ材と粒状ゴムチップ材とを適切な割合で混合した混合ゴムチップ材を使用することもできる。
【0017】
ゴムチップ材は、ファイバー状ゴムチップ材もしくは粒状ゴムチップ材のいずれを使用する場合でも、天然ゴム、スチレンブタジエンゴム、ニトリルゴム、ブチルゴム、ポリウレタンゴム、ポリブタジエンゴム、エチレンプロピレンゴムなどの加硫ゴムを粉砕もしくは研削したものを用いることができる。
【0018】
ファイバー状ゴムチップ材は、たとえば、再生タイヤ製造時にタイヤトレッド部を研削装置により削って得ることができる。ファイバー状ゴムチップ材の太さは1mm〜2mmであることが好ましく、長さは4mm〜15mmであるものが好ましい。
【0019】
粒状ゴムチップ材は、たとえば、廃タイヤやベルトコンベアのベルトなどの加硫ゴムを粉砕機により粉砕して得ることができる。粒状ゴムチップ材の粒径は、0.3mm〜5mmが好ましい。粒状ゴムチップ材の粒径が0.3mm未満のものを使用すると、空隙率を十分に確保できないため、透水性が不十分となり、一方、粒状ゴムチップ材の粒径が5mmより大きくなると接着接点が少なくなるため、引張物性が小さくなる。
【0020】
チップ材と硬質骨材の配合量は容積比で、99:1〜25:75が好ましい。チップ材と硬質骨材の配合量が99:1よりも、硬質骨材の配合量が少なくなると、弾性舗装構造体表面の滑り摩擦係数を十分に高めるなどの硬質骨材の効果が不十分になる。一方、チップ材と硬質骨材の配合量が25:75よりも、硬質骨材の配合量が多くなると、硬質骨材は弾性結合剤に対する接着力が小さいため、得られる弾性舗装構造体の引張強さが小さく、耐久性も低下する。
【0021】
弾性結合剤としては、エポキシ樹脂、ウレタン樹脂などを使用することができ、これらの混合物を使用することもできる。ウレタン樹脂中のイソシアネート(NCO)基の含有量は、2質量%〜20質量%が好ましく、5質量%〜15質量%がより好ましい。2質量%未満ではチップ材間の結合力が十分でなく、20質量%を超えるとバインダ層が発泡しやすくなり、弾性舗装構造体が脆くなりやすい。
【0022】
ウレタン樹脂の粘度は、チップ材の混練作業性およびバインダの流動性がよい点で、300cps〜8000cpsが好ましく、500cps〜5000cpsがより好ましく、600cps〜3500cpsが特に好ましい。
【0023】
弾性結合剤として、有機ポリイソシアネートに反応性液状ゴムを配合したものを用いることもできる。反応性液状ゴムとしては、ブタジエン、クロロプレン、イソプレン、1,3−ペンタジエン、シクロペンタジエンなどのジエン系液状ゴムであり、末端にOH基を有する液状ゴムは、NCO基と反応し、安定したウレタン結合を生成し、硬化する点で好ましい。
【0024】
チップ材および硬質骨材の合計量と、弾性結合剤との配合量は容積比で、50:50〜95:5が好ましく、70:30〜90:10がより好ましい。チップ材および硬質骨材の配合量が、弾性結合剤の配合量5に対して95より多くなると、チップ材、硬質骨材同士の連結力が不十分になる。一方、チップ材および硬質骨材の配合量が、弾性結合剤の配合量50に対して50より少なくなると、チップ材などを覆う弾性結合剤が多くなり過ぎて、多孔質な構造体とならないため、構造体は弾性を失い、車両のタイヤに接する部分が固くなり、透水性も小さくなってしまう。
【0025】
弾性舗装構造体はつぎの方法により製造することができる。まず、ゴムチップ材および十分に乾燥させた水砕スラグを含む硬質骨材を計量し、ミキサーに投入する。別にウレタン樹脂などの弾性結合剤を計量して、前述のミキサーに投入し、約3分間攪拌する。得られた原料混合物を160℃に予め加熱しておいたモールド内に流し込み、プレスにより160℃で20分間程度軽く加圧硬化すると、本発明の弾性舗装構造体が得られる。
【0026】
弾性舗装構造体の空隙率は、30〜40%が好ましい。空隙率が30%よりも小さいと、透水量が減少し、構造体の弾性が低下する。また、空隙率が40%よりも大きいと、弾性構造体の引張強さが低下する。弾性舗装構造体の空隙率は、つぎの式により計算することができる。
【0027】
空隙率(%)=(1−弾性構造体の見かけ密度/弾性構造体の最大理論密度)×100
弾性舗装構造体は、転写版または転写シートにより表面に突起部を形成しているものが好ましい。弾性舗装構造体の表面に突起部が形成されていると、弾性舗装構造体の表面が濡れている状態であっても、滑り摩擦係数の低下を有意に抑えることができるようになる。弾性舗装構造体の表面の突起部は、ゴムチップなどからなる原料混合物をモールド内で加圧成形する際に、予めモールド内に転写版を配置しておくか、または転写シートを挟んで加圧成形し、その後はがすことにより容易に形成することができる。
【0028】
転写版の材料は、モルタルやコンクリートのようなセメント製の材料が好ましい。セメント製の材料は、含まれる砂・石などにより、加工をしなくても表面が粗くなった状態で仕上がっており、転写パターンを形成するための加工が不要となる。この場合、転写版が弾性舗装構造体に付着することがあるので、転写版と弾性舗装構造体との間にシート材を挿入するなどの処置をしておくと、転写版の剥離が容易になる。特に、転写版がセメント製の材料からなるときは、加圧後、弾性舗装構造体に付着する傾向が強いので、剥離手段を設けておく態様が好ましい。
【0029】
転写版の材料として、アスファルトなどの歴青材料、および砂、石などの岩石材料を使用することができる。また、転写シートとして、金網や厚織などのメッシュ材料などを使用することもできる。特に、厚織メッシュ材料は、ナイロン製またはポリエステル製のものが好適に使用される。これらの材料も加工を施すことなく、弾性舗装材料に粗い表面を形成することができる。本発明の構造体は車道や歩行路に敷設するため、舗装道路の表面硬化に用いられる材料である瀝青材料を転写版の材料として使用すると、舗装道路と同じ表面形状を得られる点で好ましい。
【0030】
転写版の表面粗さは、表面粗さを表すパラメータであるRy値で、0.2mm〜5mmが好ましく、0.5mm〜1mmがより好ましい。Ryが0.2mm未満であると、特に、弾性体の表面が濡れている場合に滑り摩擦係数の低下が著しい。一方、Ryが5mmより大きいと、得られる弾性舗装構造体の表面粗さのばらつきが大きくなり、自動車での走行感が悪く、走行時の騒音も大きくなる。ここに、Ryは、転写版を転写面に直角な平面で切断したときに、最も深い谷の深さと最も高い山の高さとの合計値をいう。
【0031】
【実施例】
(実施例1)
高炉内で生成された約1500℃の溶融スラグを吹製装置に流し、0.10Mpa〜0.35MPaの圧力水により急冷することにより水砕スラグ(軟質)を得た。得られた水砕スラグを乾燥し、その組成を調べると、表1のとおりであった。
【0032】
【表1】
【0033】
また、乾燥後の水砕スラグの粒度分布は、表2のとおりであった。
【0034】
【表2】
【0035】
チップ材としてひじき状のゴムチップ材であるファイバーゴム612(ミサワ東洋社製)を使用し、硬質骨材として上述の水砕スラグを使用し、また、弾性結合剤としてディックバインダ550(大日本インキ化学工業社製)を使用した。ファイバーゴム612と、水砕スラグと、ディックバインダ550との容積比(固形分換算)が、60:25:15となるように計量し、ミキサーに投入して約3分間攪拌した。ポリエステル製厚織シートを敷き、160℃に加熱したモールド内に原料混合物を流し込み、プレスにて160℃で20分間軽く加圧硬化し、最後にポリエステル製厚織シートを剥離して、弾性舗装構造体を得た。得られた弾性舗装構造体は、500mm×500mm×30mmであり、空隙率は30%であった。また、このシート状織物の凹凸を転写した面のRy値は0.7mmであった。
【0036】
得られた弾性舗装構造体について、DFテスターを使用して、滑り抵抗性試験を行なった。試験に用いたゴム片は、ASTM E−501に基づいている。DFテスターとは、ダイナミック・フリクション・テスターのことであり、滑り摩擦係数を調べる装置である。試験は、散水しながら行ない、時速60kmの摩擦係数を比較対照とした。試験回数は2回とし、それらの平均値を計算した。比較のため、硬質骨材として水砕スラグを用いた本実施例の滑り摩擦係数を100とした。試験結果を表3に示す。
【0037】
【表3】
【0038】
つぎに、JIS K6251に基づき、引張試験を行なった。試験用のサンプルは、グラインダで厚さ5mmに調整し、試験速度は分速100mmとし、2号ダンベルを使用した。また、試験片は5個とし、それらの中央値を採用した。比較のため、硬質骨材として水砕スラグを用いた本実施例の引張強さを100とした。試験結果を表3に示す。
【0039】
(比較例1)
硬質骨材として、水砕スラグの代わりに砂(5号珪砂)を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして弾性舗装構造体を得た。得られた弾性舗装構造体について、滑り摩擦係数および引張強さを試験した。試験値は、比較のため、実施例1の対応する試験結果を100として換算した。試験結果を表3に示す。
【0040】
(比較例2)
硬質骨材として、水砕スラグの代わりに鉱滓(周南テクノクロム社製ネオエメリーA1粒)を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして弾性舗装構造体を得た。得られた弾性舗装構造体について、滑り摩擦係数および引張強さを試験した。試験値は、比較のため、実施例1の対応する試験結果を100として換算した。試験結果を表3に示す。
【0041】
(比較例3)
硬質骨材として、水砕スラグの代わりに、粒径2mm〜5mmの廃プラスチック(ウレタンバンパー粉砕品)を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして弾性舗装構造体を得た。得られた弾性舗装構造体について、滑り摩擦係数および引張強さを試験した。試験値は、比較のため、実施例1の対応する試験結果を100として換算した。試験結果を表3に示す。
【0042】
表3の結果から明らかなとおり、硬質骨材として水砕スラグを使用することにより、散水時の滑り摩擦係数が大幅に大きくなった。また、耐摩耗性の指標となる引張強さは、廃プラスチックと同等に大きいことがわかった。
【0043】
今回開示された実施の形態および実施例はすべての点で例示であって制限的なものではないと考えられるべきである。本発明の範囲は上記した説明ではなくて特許請求の範囲によって示され、特許請求の範囲と均等の意味および範囲内でのすべての変更が含まれることが意図される。
【0044】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、滑り摩擦係数が大きく、表面が濡れた場合においても滑り摩擦係数を高く維持でき、耐磨耗性にも優れる弾性舗装構造体を提供することができる。弾性舗装構造体に配合する硬質骨材として、製鉄後に銑鉄から分離回収した溶融スラグより得られる砂状スラグを使用するため、資源を有効に利用することができ、経済的にも優れた弾性舗装構造体を提供することができる。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an elastic pavement structure having an improved coefficient of sliding friction. More specifically, it is an elastic pavement structure that connects a chip material and a hard aggregate with an elastic binder, and is used for grounds such as paved roads, roadways, riverbed promenades, golf courses, tennis courts, and stadiums. The present invention relates to an elastic pavement structure having a large sliding friction coefficient.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Pavement structures used for tennis courts, athletic stadiums, golf courses, etc. do not burden the waist or knees when exercising or competing, and are easy to repair. An elastic pavement structure made of vulcanized rubber, polyurethane, or the like is frequently used.
[0003]
When polyurethane is used alone as the material of this kind of elastic pavement structure, it is relatively excellent in elasticity, durability, water permeability, etc., but the price is high, so rubber chips made of crushed products such as waste tires There have been proposed a number of elastic pavement structures in which a material is embedded as a filler in polyurethane and an elastic pavement structure in which the surface of a rubber chip material is covered with a small amount of an elastic binder to increase voids. These elastic pavement structures are economical elastic pavement structures because the rubber chip material used is a pulverized product such as inexpensive waste tires, and the polyurethane usage ratio is reduced by the rubber chip material usage ratio. Further, since the rubber chip members are connected by the elastic binder, the effect of reducing noise is also achieved. Accordingly, attempts have been made to apply the present invention not only to walking paths such as tennis courts and athletic fields, but also to roadways.
[0004]
However, such an elastic pavement structure has a drawback that the coefficient of sliding friction is small. In particular, when the surface is wet by rain or the like, the coefficient of sliding friction is further reduced. In order to increase the coefficient of sliding friction of the elastic pavement structure, a method of blending hard aggregates such as gravel, sand and crushed urethane bumpers has been proposed, but the slip resistance is still sufficiently improved. Not really.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide an elastic pavement structure that has a large coefficient of sliding friction and can maintain a high coefficient of sliding friction even when the surface is wet. Another object of the present invention is to provide a resilient pavement structure that is economically excellent by effectively utilizing resources.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The elastic pavement structure of the present invention is an elastic pavement structure obtained by connecting a chip material and a hard aggregate with an elastic binder, wherein the hard aggregate is obtained from molten slag separated and recovered from pig iron after iron making. It is characterized by including slag.
[0007]
The sandy slag is preferably a granulated slag obtained by quenching molten slag with water. The volume ratio between the tip material and the hard aggregate is preferably from 99: 1 to 25:75, and the elastic pavement structure preferably has a projection formed on the surface by a transfer plate or a transfer sheet.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The elastic pavement structure of the present invention is obtained by connecting a chip material and a hard aggregate with an elastic binder, and the hard aggregate includes sandy slag obtained from molten slag separated and recovered from pig iron after iron making.
[0009]
Since sandy slag uses molten slag, which is a by-product after iron production, as a raw material, resources can be effectively used, and an economically excellent elastic pavement structure can be manufactured. Also, since slag that is already in a molten state is used as a raw material, the manufacturing process is shortened and simplified, and the manufacturing cost is reduced, compared to the case where waste such as sludge is heated and melted together with coke and then used. Can be. Further, since the sandy slag is fine and uniform porous, the coefficient of sliding friction on the surface of the elastic pavement structure can be increased, and the coefficient of sliding friction can be maintained high even when the surface is wet by rain or the like. Further, by blending sandy slag, water permeability and abrasion can be enhanced. In order to bring out such an excellent effect of the sandy slag, it is preferable that the sandy slag is mixed in the aggregate at 1% by volume or more and 75% by volume or less.
[0010]
In ironmaking, good quality scite and orite ores are charged from the top of the blast furnace as they are, and cut ores, lyotes and ortes are burned to form iron (III) oxide, together with coke and limestone as a solvent. When hot air is sent from the bottom to burn coke, the following reaction occurs, and reduced iron (pig iron) is obtained.
[0011]
3Fe 2 O 3 + CO = 2Fe 3 O 4 + CO 2 +8.4 kcal
Fe 3 O 4 + 4CO = 3Fe + 4CO 2 +4.3 kcal
For each ton of pig iron, 1.6 t of iron ore, 0.7 t of coke, 0.3 t of limestone and 3 t of air are required. The coke burns and keeps the inside of the blast furnace at a high temperature and generates reducing CO gas. In the high temperature part of the furnace, direct reduction by coke also occurs. Pig iron melts and accumulates at the bottom of the furnace, and molten slag floats on the molten pig iron. The sandy slag used in the present invention is obtained from this molten slag.
[0012]
Sandy slag is characterized in that granulated slag obtained by quenching molten slag with water is easy to obtain fine and uniform porous particles, relatively workable, and can be mass-produced. preferable. In order to obtain fine and uniform porous particles, the temperature of the molten slag is preferably from 900C to 1500C. Water at room temperature can be used. In addition, it is preferable that the molten slag be rapidly cooled by injecting pressurized water. The pressure of the pressurized water is preferably 0.10 MPa or more. It is preferable that the granulated slag be blended after being dried in terms of good workability when kneading with other blended components and good adhesion to the elastic binder.
[0013]
The particle size of the sandy slag is preferably 0.05 mm to 10 mm, more preferably 0.3 mm to 2 mm. When the particle size is larger than 10 mm, the number of adhesive contacts in the elastic pavement structure is reduced, and the tensile properties are reduced. On the other hand, if the particle size is smaller than 0.05 mm, the effect of increasing the coefficient of sliding friction is reduced.
[0014]
In addition to sandy slag, as hard aggregate, silica sand, slag, crushed stone, artificial ceramics, pulverized plastic or glass, or a mixture thereof may be used. By blending these hard aggregates, an economical elastic pavement structure can be manufactured, and the coefficient of sliding friction on the surface of the elastic pavement structure can be increased to some extent.
[0015]
As a chip material, a rubber chip material obtained by crushing waste tires, window frame rubber of a scrapped vehicle, rubber for covering electric wires, etc. in order to manufacture a low-cost elastic pavement structure and from the viewpoint of resource recycling. preferable.
[0016]
As the rubber chip material, there are a fiber rubber chip material (hijiki rubber chip material) and a granular rubber chip material, and any of the rubber chip materials used for the elastic pavement structure of the present invention can be used. Also, a mixed rubber chip material in which a fiber-like rubber chip material and a granular rubber chip material are mixed at an appropriate ratio can be used.
[0017]
Regardless of whether a fiber chip material or a granular rubber chip material is used, natural rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, nitrile rubber, butyl rubber, polyurethane rubber, polybutadiene rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, and other vulcanized rubber are crushed or ground. Can be used.
[0018]
The fiber-like rubber chip material can be obtained, for example, by shaving a tire tread portion with a grinding device at the time of manufacturing a recycled tire. The thickness of the fibrous rubber chip material is preferably 1 mm to 2 mm, and the length is preferably 4 mm to 15 mm.
[0019]
The granular rubber chip material can be obtained, for example, by pulverizing a vulcanized rubber such as a waste tire or a belt of a belt conveyor with a pulverizer. The particle size of the granular rubber chip material is preferably from 0.3 mm to 5 mm. If the particle size of the granular rubber chip material is less than 0.3 mm, the porosity cannot be sufficiently secured, resulting in insufficient water permeability. On the other hand, if the particle size of the granular rubber chip material is larger than 5 mm, the number of adhesive contacts is small. Therefore, the tensile properties are reduced.
[0020]
The mixing amount of the chip material and the hard aggregate is preferably 99: 1 to 25:75 in volume ratio. When the compounding amount of the hard aggregate is less than 99: 1, the effect of the hard aggregate such as sufficiently increasing the sliding friction coefficient of the surface of the elastic pavement structure becomes insufficient. Become. On the other hand, if the compounding amount of the hard aggregate is larger than the compounding amount of the chip material and the hard aggregate of 25:75, since the hard aggregate has a small adhesive force to the elastic binder, the tensile strength of the obtained elastic pavement structure is reduced. The strength is low, and the durability also decreases.
[0021]
As the elastic binder, an epoxy resin, a urethane resin, or the like can be used, and a mixture thereof can also be used. The content of the isocyanate (NCO) group in the urethane resin is preferably 2% by mass to 20% by mass, and more preferably 5% by mass to 15% by mass. If it is less than 2% by mass, the bonding strength between the chip materials is not sufficient, and if it exceeds 20% by mass, the binder layer is liable to foam, and the elastic pavement structure tends to become brittle.
[0022]
The viscosity of the urethane resin is preferably 300 cps to 8000 cps, more preferably 500 cps to 5000 cps, and particularly preferably 600 cps to 3500 cps, from the viewpoint of good kneading workability of the chip material and good fluidity of the binder.
[0023]
As the elastic binder, a compound obtained by blending a reactive liquid rubber with an organic polyisocyanate can also be used. The reactive liquid rubber is a diene-based liquid rubber such as butadiene, chloroprene, isoprene, 1,3-pentadiene, or cyclopentadiene. A liquid rubber having an OH group at the terminal reacts with an NCO group to form a stable urethane bond. And it is preferable in that it cures.
[0024]
The total amount of the tip material and the hard aggregate and the blending amount of the elastic binder are preferably 50:50 to 95: 5, more preferably 70:30 to 90:10, by volume ratio. When the compounding amount of the chip material and the hard aggregate is more than 95 with respect to the compounding amount 5 of the elastic binder, the connecting force between the chip material and the hard aggregate becomes insufficient. On the other hand, if the blending amount of the chip material and the hard aggregate is less than 50 with respect to the blending amount of the elastic binder of 50, the elastic binder covering the chip material and the like becomes too large, and the porous structure is not formed. However, the structure loses its elasticity, the portion in contact with the vehicle tire becomes hard, and the water permeability decreases.
[0025]
The elastic pavement structure can be manufactured by the following method. First, a hard aggregate containing a rubber chip material and a sufficiently dried granulated slag is weighed and put into a mixer. Separately, an elastic binder such as a urethane resin is weighed and put into the above-mentioned mixer, followed by stirring for about 3 minutes. The obtained raw material mixture is poured into a mold which has been heated to 160 ° C. in advance, and lightly pressure-cured at 160 ° C. for about 20 minutes by a press to obtain an elastic pavement structure of the present invention.
[0026]
The porosity of the elastic pavement structure is preferably 30 to 40%. If the porosity is smaller than 30%, the water permeability decreases, and the elasticity of the structure decreases. When the porosity is larger than 40%, the tensile strength of the elastic structure decreases. The porosity of the elastic pavement structure can be calculated by the following equation.
[0027]
Porosity (%) = (1−apparent density of elastic structure / maximum theoretical density of elastic structure) × 100
The elastic pavement structure preferably has a projection formed on the surface by a transfer plate or a transfer sheet. When the projections are formed on the surface of the elastic pavement structure, a decrease in the sliding friction coefficient can be significantly suppressed even when the surface of the elastic pavement structure is wet. The protrusions on the surface of the elastic pavement structure can be formed by placing a transfer plate in the mold in advance or pressing the transfer sheet in between when pressing the raw material mixture consisting of rubber chips etc. in the mold. Then, it can be easily formed by peeling.
[0028]
The material of the transfer plate is preferably a cement material such as mortar or concrete. The cement material is finished in a state where the surface is roughened without processing due to sand and stones contained therein, so that processing for forming a transfer pattern becomes unnecessary. In this case, since the transfer plate may adhere to the elastic pavement structure, if a treatment such as inserting a sheet material between the transfer plate and the elastic pavement structure is performed, the transfer plate can be easily separated. Become. In particular, when the transfer plate is made of a material made of cement, it has a strong tendency to adhere to the elastic pavement structure after pressurization. Therefore, an embodiment in which a peeling means is provided is preferable.
[0029]
Bituminous materials such as asphalt, and rock materials such as sand and stone can be used as the material for the transfer plate. Further, as the transfer sheet, a mesh material such as a wire net or a thick weave can be used. In particular, as the thick woven mesh material, those made of nylon or polyester are preferably used. These materials can also form a rough surface on the elastic pavement material without any processing. Since the structure of the present invention is laid on a roadway or a walkway, it is preferable to use a bituminous material, which is a material used for surface hardening of a pavement road, as a material for the transfer plate, since the same surface shape as the pavement road can be obtained.
[0030]
The surface roughness of the transfer plate is preferably 0.2 to 5 mm, more preferably 0.5 to 1 mm in Ry value which is a parameter representing the surface roughness. If Ry is less than 0.2 mm, the coefficient of sliding friction is significantly reduced, particularly when the surface of the elastic body is wet. On the other hand, if Ry is greater than 5 mm, the resulting uneven surface roughness of the elastic pavement structure becomes large, resulting in poor running feeling in an automobile and high running noise. Here, Ry refers to the total value of the deepest valley depth and the highest peak height when the transfer plate is cut along a plane perpendicular to the transfer surface.
[0031]
【Example】
(Example 1)
The molten slag of about 1500 ° C. generated in the blast furnace was passed through a blowing machine, and rapidly cooled with 0.10 MPa to 0.35 MPa pressure water to obtain granulated slag (soft). The obtained granulated slag was dried and its composition was examined.
[0032]
[Table 1]
[0033]
The particle size distribution of the granulated slag after drying was as shown in Table 2.
[0034]
[Table 2]
[0035]
Fiber rubber 612 (manufactured by Misawa Toyo Co., Ltd.) which is a hijiki rubber chip material is used as a chip material, the above-mentioned granulated slag is used as a hard aggregate, and Dick Binder 550 (Dainippon Ink Chemicals) is used as an elastic binder. Industrial Co., Ltd.) was used. The fiber rubber 612, the granulated slag, and the Dick binder 550 were weighed such that the volume ratio (in terms of solid content) was 60:25:15, and the mixture was charged into a mixer and stirred for about 3 minutes. A polyester thick woven sheet is laid, the raw material mixture is poured into a mold heated to 160 ° C., lightly pressure-cured at 160 ° C. for 20 minutes with a press, and finally, the polyester thick woven sheet is peeled off to form an elastic pavement structure. Got a body. The obtained elastic pavement structure was 500 mm x 500 mm x 30 mm, and the porosity was 30%. The Ry value of the surface of the sheet-like woven fabric on which the irregularities were transferred was 0.7 mm.
[0036]
A slip resistance test was performed on the obtained elastic pavement structure using a DF tester. The rubber pieces used for the test are based on ASTM E-501. The DF tester is a dynamic friction tester, and is a device for examining a coefficient of sliding friction. The test was performed while sprinkling water, and the friction coefficient at a speed of 60 km / h was used as a control. The number of tests was set to two, and their average value was calculated. For comparison, the sliding friction coefficient of this example using granulated slag as a hard aggregate was set to 100. Table 3 shows the test results.
[0037]
[Table 3]
[0038]
Next, a tensile test was performed based on JIS K6251. The test sample was adjusted to a thickness of 5 mm with a grinder, the test speed was 100 mm / min, and a No. 2 dumbbell was used. The number of test pieces was 5, and the median value was adopted. For comparison, the tensile strength of this example using granulated slag as a hard aggregate was set to 100. Table 3 shows the test results.
[0039]
(Comparative Example 1)
An elastic pavement structure was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that sand (No. 5 silica sand) was used as the hard aggregate instead of granulated slag. About the obtained elastic pavement structure, the sliding friction coefficient and the tensile strength were tested. The test values were converted to the corresponding test results of Example 1 as 100 for comparison. Table 3 shows the test results.
[0040]
(Comparative Example 2)
An elastic pavement structure was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that slag (Neo Emery A1 manufactured by Shunan Technochrome Co.) was used as the hard aggregate instead of the granulated slag. About the obtained elastic pavement structure, the sliding friction coefficient and the tensile strength were tested. The test values were converted to the corresponding test results of Example 1 as 100 for comparison. Table 3 shows the test results.
[0041]
(Comparative Example 3)
An elastic pavement structure was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that waste plastic (pulverized urethane bumper) having a particle size of 2 mm to 5 mm was used as the hard aggregate instead of the granulated slag. About the obtained elastic pavement structure, the sliding friction coefficient and the tensile strength were tested. The test values were converted to the corresponding test results of Example 1 as 100 for comparison. Table 3 shows the test results.
[0042]
As is clear from the results in Table 3, the use of granulated slag as the hard aggregate significantly increased the coefficient of sliding friction during watering. It was also found that the tensile strength, which is an index of wear resistance, is as large as that of waste plastic.
[0043]
The embodiments and examples disclosed this time are to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the description above, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.
[0044]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an elastic pavement structure that has a large coefficient of sliding friction, can maintain a high coefficient of sliding friction even when the surface is wet, and has excellent wear resistance. As hard aggregate to be mixed into the elastic pavement structure, sandy slag obtained from molten slag separated and recovered from pig iron after iron production can be used, so resources can be used effectively and economically excellent elastic pavement A structure can be provided.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002209690A JP2004052318A (en) | 2002-07-18 | 2002-07-18 | Elastic pavement structure |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002209690A JP2004052318A (en) | 2002-07-18 | 2002-07-18 | Elastic pavement structure |
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| JP2004052318A true JP2004052318A (en) | 2004-02-19 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002209690A Pending JP2004052318A (en) | 2002-07-18 | 2002-07-18 | Elastic pavement structure |
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| Country | Link |
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| JP (1) | JP2004052318A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006009466A (en) * | 2004-06-28 | 2006-01-12 | Toray Ind Inc | Nonslip structural body of paved surface |
| JP2008050846A (en) * | 2006-08-24 | 2008-03-06 | Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd:The | Elastic paving material |
| WO2010074268A1 (en) | 2008-12-26 | 2010-07-01 | 日油株式会社 | Arginine derivative and cosmetic comprising same |
| JP2011080233A (en) * | 2009-10-06 | 2011-04-21 | Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd:The | Elastic pavement material |
| JP2017203264A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2017-11-16 | 三和グランド株式会社 | Paving materials and paving blocks |
-
2002
- 2002-07-18 JP JP2002209690A patent/JP2004052318A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006009466A (en) * | 2004-06-28 | 2006-01-12 | Toray Ind Inc | Nonslip structural body of paved surface |
| JP2008050846A (en) * | 2006-08-24 | 2008-03-06 | Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd:The | Elastic paving material |
| WO2010074268A1 (en) | 2008-12-26 | 2010-07-01 | 日油株式会社 | Arginine derivative and cosmetic comprising same |
| JP2011080233A (en) * | 2009-10-06 | 2011-04-21 | Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd:The | Elastic pavement material |
| JP2017203264A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2017-11-16 | 三和グランド株式会社 | Paving materials and paving blocks |
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