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JP2004050167A - Method and apparatus for isolating gaseous carbon dioxide - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for isolating gaseous carbon dioxide Download PDF

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JP2004050167A
JP2004050167A JP2002278949A JP2002278949A JP2004050167A JP 2004050167 A JP2004050167 A JP 2004050167A JP 2002278949 A JP2002278949 A JP 2002278949A JP 2002278949 A JP2002278949 A JP 2002278949A JP 2004050167 A JP2004050167 A JP 2004050167A
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carbon dioxide
seawater
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water
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Kenichi Suzuki
鈴木 建一
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a simple and efficient method and apparatus for isolating gaseous carbon dioxide discharged in large quantities from a fixed producing source such as a thermal power plant in the ocean or the like in order to preserve the global environment. <P>SOLUTION: Gaseous carbon dioxide is converted to micro bubbles, dispersed in water, and discarded to the ocean or to the depths of the earth, or gaseous carbon dioxide is converted to micro bubbles, dispersed in water and more efficiently converted to liquid carbon dioxide to form micro particles of liquid carbon dioxide or carbon dioxide hydrate, which are then discarded and isolated in the ocean or in the depths of the earth. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、火力発電所等の固定発生源から多量に排出される炭酸ガスを地球環境保全のために海中又は地底に隔離する方法及びその装置に関するものである。火力発電所等の固定発生源から多量に排出される炭酸ガスを含む気体は二酸化炭素、一酸化炭素、窒素、酸素、硫黄酸化物、窒素酸化物、水蒸気および炭素微粒子等からなる煙であり、ここでは二酸化炭素と一酸化炭素を総称して炭酸ガスと称する
【0002】
【従来の技術】従来、炭酸ガスの海洋隔離は、(a)水深1000m以深に液体炭酸ガスを直接注入するか、(b)ドライアイスを直接投入することにより隔離するというものであった。また、(c)浅海(水深200〜400m)に炭酸ガスを放出溶解させる方式もあるが、海中に直に炭酸ガスを放出するというものであった。
【0003】上記(a)及び(b)の方式においては、生物密度の高い水域を避けて深海に炭酸ガスを隔離することができるが、炭酸ガスの液化エネルギー、液化炭酸ガスの搬送エネルギー、液化炭酸ガスの投入エネルギー等が必要となる。例えば、火力発電所から排出される炭酸ガスの全量を上記(a),(b)方式により処理しようとすれば、エネルギーの消費量は現在の40〜50%増になる。
【0004】一方、(c)方式では、エネルギー消費量を現在の10〜20%増に収めることができるが、炭酸ガスの吹き込み部付近の海水の更新作用が低い場合には、溶解効率が著しく低下する。また、生物密度の高い水域の酸性化、これによって引き起こされる二次的環境影響を避けることは不可能である。さらに、上記(a),(b),(c)の各方式とも、液体炭酸ガスあるいは炭酸ガスに付与した圧力エネルギーを全て海洋に投棄する欠点を有している。以上のように、上記現行の各方式は、エネルギー的にも環境的にも重大な欠陥を有していると判断せざるを得ない。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明の主たる技術的課題は、火力発電所等の固定発生源から多量に排出される炭酸ガスを地球環境保全のために深海等に隔離するための簡単で効率的な方法及び装置を提供することにある。本発明の第一の具体的な技術的課題は、上記炭酸ガスをマイクロバブル化して水又は海水中に分散させ、浅海において海中に溶解させ、それに伴う密度増加を利用した重力流沈降により炭酸ガスを深海に隔離できるようにした簡単で低コストな手段を得ることにある。本発明の上記第一の技術的課題に付随した始めの課題は、海中に保持した逆U字状の長脚管と短脚管を用いて、炭酸ガスを溶解させる海水の更新作用を高め、溶解効率の向上を図るようにした炭酸ガスの海中溶解隔離方法及び装置を提供することにある。
【0006】本発明の第一の技術的課題に付随した別種の課題は、長脚の管のみを用い、長脚管をガス溶解管としてその上端部を海面又は海面近くに保持し、その下端部を深海に開口するようにして、その上端部から炭酸ガスのマイクロバブルを分散した海水を吹き込んで、モーターにより回転力を得るタービン翼を用いて長脚管の下方に向けて圧送し、溶解管中における上記炭酸ガスの海水への溶解作用により密度増加した海水を深海に重力流沈降させることである。
【0007】また本発明の第一の技術的課題に付随した他の技術的課題は、炭酸ガスに付与する圧力エネルギーの回収を図り、低コストで炭酸ガスの隔離を行えるようにした手段を提供することにある。
【0008】本発明の第二の技術的課題は、炭酸ガス等を含む気体ををマイクロバブル化して水又は海水中に分散し、従来に比べ効率良く液体炭酸ガス化し、液体炭酸ガスのマイクロ粒にした後、深海に投棄・隔離するための比較的低コストな手段を得ることにある。
【0009】更に本発明の第三の技術的課題は、炭酸ガス等を含む気体をマイクロバブル化して水又は海水中に分散し、従来に比べ効率良く液体炭酸ガス化し、液体炭酸ガスのマイクロ粒にした後、更に炭酸ガス・ハイドレートのマイクロ粒に変えて、安定に深海に投棄・隔離するための比較的低コストな手段を得ることにある。
また本発明の第四の技術的課題は、炭酸ガス等を含む気体のマイクロバブルを分散した水又は海水を地底に注入し、地底の炭層に炭酸ガスを吸着させるか、又は地底の砂層や土層に炭酸ガスを吸着させる手段を得る事である。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】上記第一の技術的課題を解決するための本発明の海中溶解隔離方法及び装置は、特開平8−103649「気体二酸化炭素の海中溶解隔離方法及びその装置」に示された装置を援用する。即ち短脚管と長脚管とを上部で連結して逆U字状に形成した逆U字状の二管における短脚管をガスリフト溶解管として浅海に保持し、その下端部から水中に分散したマイクロバブル化した炭酸ガス等を吹き込んで、その溶解管中における上記炭酸ガス等のガスリフト作用により溶解管下端から海水を流入させると共に、その炭酸ガス等が溶解管の上端に達するまでにそれを海水中に溶解させ、上記逆U字状の二管における長脚管をその下端が深海に開口する沈降管として、上記炭酸ガス等の溶解により密度増加した海水を深海に重力流沈降させることを特徴とするものである。
【0011】また上記逆U字状の二管の頂点部に脱気弁を設け、溶解管で海水中に溶解しなかった窒素、酸素等の気体を上記脱気弁を介して上方の海中に逃がすようにすることも出来る。
【0012】上記炭酸ガスの海中溶解隔離装置においては、沈降管の管径をガスリフト溶解管よりも大径にし、あるいは、ガスリフト溶解管及び沈降管の双方またはいずれか一方に、それらの管中の海水の流れにより回転するタービン翼を設けて、それを発電機に接続し、さらに、ガスリフト溶解管には、逆流防止機能を有すると共にその管内の流れを制御可能な単一または複数の制御弁を設けることができる。
【0013】また本発明の第一の技術的課題に付随した別種の技術的課題に属する海中溶解隔離方法及び装置は、特開平8−103649「気体二酸化炭素の海中溶解隔離方法及びその装置」に示された装置は用いない。即ち長脚の管のみを用い、長脚管をガス溶解管としてその上端部を海面又は海面近くに保持し、その下端部を深海に開口するようにして、その上端部から炭酸ガスのマイクロバブルを分散した海水を吹き込んで、炭酸ガスのマイクロバブルを分散した海水を、モーターにより回転力を得るタービン翼により長脚管の下方に向けて圧送し、溶解管中における上記炭酸ガスの海水への溶解作用により密度増加した海水を深海に重力流沈降させることである。
【0014】また上記第二の技術的課題を解決するための本発明の海中溶解隔離方法及び装置は、特開平8−103649「気体二酸化炭素の海中溶解隔離方法及びその装置」に示された装置は用いない。即ち炭酸ガスをマイクロバブル化して水又は海水中に分散させたものを、加圧、冷却して水を氷に変えると共に、炭酸ガス・マイクロバブルを氷の中に分散した液体炭酸ガスのマイクロ粒とし、深海に下ろしたパイプを通じて深海に投棄し、深海の水圧と10℃以下の温度により液体炭酸ガスのマイクロ粒を水と反応させ、炭酸ガス・ハイドレートのマイクロ粒に変えて深海に安定に隔離する事を特長とする。
炭酸ガスは室温(20℃)であっても3.5MPa以上に加圧すれば液体炭酸ガスになる。もし炭酸ガスが水中に分散したマイクロバブルになっておれば、これを加圧するのは気体そのものを加圧するよりも比較的安全かつ容易である。なぜなら水が加圧媒体として働くので、水圧コンプレッサ等を用いてマイクロバブル状の炭酸ガスを容易に圧縮し、液体炭酸ガスのマイクロ粒に変えることが出来る。これを0℃よりわずかに低い温度に冷却するのも容易であり、水は氷となり液体炭酸ガスのマイクロ粒は氷に閉じ込められて安定に存在できるようになる。深海に投棄する前まで常温の水中に分散した炭酸ガス・マイクロバブルのままにしておき、投棄する直前にこれを3.5MPa以上に加圧し、次いで0℃より少し低い温度に冷却し深海に投棄すれば、そのエネルギーコストは比較的安価にできる。
【0015】更に上記第三の技術的課題を解決するための本発明の海中溶解隔離方法及び装置も、特開平8−103649「気体二酸化炭素の海中溶解隔離方法及びその装置」に示された装置は用いない。即ち炭酸ガスをマイクロバブル化して水中に分散させたものを、加圧、冷却して水を氷に変えると共に、炭酸ガスを氷の中に分散した炭酸ガス・ハイドレートのマイクロ粒とし、上記氷を破砕し、深海に下ろしたパイプを通じて深海に投棄し、安定に深海に隔離することを特徴とする。あるいは廃坑や採油寿命の終わった石油、天然ガス等のボーリング穴を用いて地底に隔離することも出来る。
【0016】
【作用】上記第一の技術的課題を解決するための構成を有する方法及び装置によって、火力発電所等の固定発生源から多量に排出される炭酸ガスを海中溶解隔離するに際しては、逆U字状に形成した逆U字状の二管を海中に設置し、その逆U字状の二管におけるガスリフト溶解管(短脚管)を浅海に保持し、沈降管(長脚管)の下端を深海に開口させる。この状態で、ガスリフト溶解管の下端部に吹き込み口を開口させた炭酸ガスを含む気体のマイクロバブルを吹き込む吹き込み装置により、該ガスリフト溶解管に水中に分散したマイクロバブル化した炭酸ガス等を吹き込むと、ガスリフト溶解管の下端から吸入された海水がその溶解管中を炭酸ガス等と共にガスリフト作用により上昇し、炭酸ガス等は溶解管の上端に達するまでに海水及び水中に溶解する。このような手段は、溶解させる海水の更新作用を高め、溶解効率の向上を図るために有効である。
【0017】上記炭酸ガスの溶解により密度増加した海水は、逆U字状の二管における上端の湾曲部を経て、下端が深海に開口する沈降管内を重力流沈降し、そこに隔離される。上記炭酸ガス等の海中溶解隔離に際し、沈降管の管径をガスリフト溶解管よりも大径にすると、海水の流動に伴う圧力損失を低減させ、重力流沈降作用を促進させることができる。また、ガスリフト溶解管及び沈降管に、それらの管中の海水の流れにより回転するタービン翼を設けて発電機に接続すると、炭酸ガス等の圧力エネルギーを発電等により回収してエネルギーの消費量を大きく低減できる。
【0018】さらに、上記ガスリフト溶解管に、逆流防止機能を有すると共にその管内の流れを制御可能な制御弁を設けることにより、ガスリフト溶解管内への炭酸ガス等の吹き込み量との関係において、ガスリフト溶解管と沈降管内における海水の流動のバランスをとり、あるいは、運転開始時の流動の安定化を図ることができる。この制御弁の駆動には、上記発電機によって得られた電力を利用するのが有利である。
【0019】このように、炭酸ガス等を浅海において海中に溶解させ、それに伴う密度増加を利用した重力流沈降により炭酸ガスを深海に隔離するため、火力発電所等から多量に排出される炭酸ガス等を簡単で効率的に深海に隔離することができ、地球環境保全のために有効に機能させることができる。
【0020】上記第二の技術的課題を解決するための構成を有する方法及び装置の作用は、水又は海水中に分散した炭酸ガス等のマイクロバブルを3.5MPa以上に加圧し、0℃よりわずかに低い温度に冷却する事により氷の中に分散した液体炭酸ガスを含むマイクロ粒に変え、約400m以深の深海に投棄した時、深海の水圧と10℃以下の温度によってマイクロ粒の内、液体炭酸ガスの部分は水と反応して容易に炭酸ガス・ハイドレートのマイクロ粒に変化し、炭酸ガス・ハイドレートの安定性により安定に深海に隔離できることである。また上記第三の技術的課題を解決するための構成を有する方法及び装置の作用は、水中に分散した炭酸ガス等のマイクロバブルを3.5MPa以上に加圧し、1℃程度に冷却する事により液体炭酸ガスを水と反応させ、更に約―24℃以下に冷却して炭酸ガス・ハイドレートのマイクロ粒に変えることにより、深海に投棄した時、炭酸ガス・ハイドレートの安定性により安定に深海に隔離できるようにしたことである。上記第二、第三の方法及び装置の別の作用は、従来のように炭酸ガスをチャンバーに入れたままで冷却したり加圧しようとすると、大きなエネルギーとコストが必要になるが、水中に分散し、マイクロバブル化した炭酸ガス等を冷却したり加圧すれば、水の熱伝導の良さと圧縮作業流体としての水の扱いやすさにより、従来より小さなエネルギーとコストで、炭酸ガスを液体炭酸ガスや炭酸ガス・ハイドレートのマイクロ粒にする事ができるばかりでなく、分散媒の水も氷となるので、上記マイクロ粒を氷の中に長時間安定に保持できる作用もある。
【0021】
【実施例】図1は、上記第一の技術的課題を解決するための構成を有する方法及び装置によって、火力発電所等の固定発生源から多量に排出される炭酸ガス等を海中溶解隔離する海中溶解隔離装置の構成を示すものである。図示した海中溶解隔離装置は、火力発電所等の固定発生源から多量に排出される炭酸ガス等を海中に溶解させ、深海に隔離するためのもので、短脚の管と長脚の管とを上部で連結して逆U字状に形成した逆U字状の二管1を備えている。この逆U字状の二管1は、それを海中に設置し、短脚のガスリフト溶解管2を浅海に保持し、長脚の沈降管3の下端を深海に開口させて使用するものである。
【0022】上記逆U字状の二管におけるガスリフト溶解管2は、その下端部に、吹き込み管5を通して送給される水または海水中に分散したマイクロバブル化した炭酸ガスを吹き込むための吹き込み装置6を備え、その吹き込み装置6における吹き込み口をガスリフト溶解管下端部に開口させると共に、その溶解管2の下端を、吹き込まれた水または海水中に分散したマイクロバブル化した炭酸ガスのガスリフト作用による海水の流入のために開口させている。上記逆U字状ガスリフト1に対する水または海水中に分散したマイクロバブル化した炭酸ガスの吹き込みは、吹き込み水深に相当する海水の静水圧より低い元圧で足りる。即ち炭酸ガス等を含む気体の固定発生源からこの海中溶解隔離装置の設置位置まで水または海水中に分散したマイクロバブル化した炭酸ガスを搬送する過程で発生する圧力損失に見合う損失圧と、水または海水中に分散したマイクロバブル化した炭酸ガスの重力による静水圧を加算した元圧をかけて送り込むことになる。なぜなら水または海水中に分散したマイクロバブル化した炭酸ガス等の比重は炭酸ガス等気体のみの比重と水または海水の比重の中間の比重を有するからである。
【0023】一方、上端の湾曲部4を介してガスリフト溶解管2に連結された上記沈降管3は、ガスリフト溶解管2において炭酸ガスを溶解することにより密度増加した海水を重力流沈降させるためのもので、その下端を深海に開口させている。逆U字状の二管1を海中に設置するに際し、上記ガスリフト溶解管2は、その管長を100〜200m程度として、下端を水深200〜400mに保持するのが望ましく、また、沈降管3はその管長を1000〜2000m程度とするのが望ましい。
また水又は海水中に分散した炭酸ガス等のマイクロバブル中の炭酸ガス、一酸化炭素、硫黄酸化物(SOx)、窒素酸化物(NOx)等が溶解管2の上端に達するまでにそれを海水中に溶解させ、且つ溶解しなかった窒素及び酸素等を上記逆U管の頂点に設けた脱気弁4Aを介して上方の海中に逃がす事も出来る。
【0024】上記沈降管3は、その管径をガスリフト溶解管2よりも大径にしているが、それにより海水の流動に伴う圧力損失を低減させ、重力流沈降作用を促進させることができる。また、上記ガスリフト溶解管2及び沈降管3には、それらの管中の海水の流れにより回転するタービン翼10,11を設けて、それらを発電機8,9にそれぞれ接続している。これらのタービン翼及び発電機は、炭酸ガスの圧力エネルギーを発電等により回収してエネルギーの消費量を大きく低減させるものであるが、上記ガスリフト溶解管2に設けたタービン翼10は、その回転により吹き込まれた炭酸ガス等を微小化して、溶解を促進させるためにも有効なものである。なお、これらのタービン翼及び発電機は、ガスリフト溶解管2及び沈降管3の一方のみに設けることもできる。
【0025】さらに、上記ガスリフト溶解管2には、逆流防止機能を有すると共にその管内の流れを制御可能な制御弁14,15を、ガスリフト溶解管2の下端における海水の吸込口部及び同管2の上部に設けている。これらの制御弁14,15は、ガスリフト溶解管2内への炭酸ガスの吹き込み量との関係において、ガスリフト溶解管2と沈降管3内における海水の流動のバランスをとり、あるいは、運転開始時の流動の安定化を図るためのものである。この制御弁14,15を上記ガスリフト溶解管2及び沈降管3内の流れの制御のために駆動する場合に、上記発電機8,9によって得られた電力を利用するのが有利である。
【0026】上記構成を有する装置によって、火力発電所等から排出される炭酸ガス等を海中溶解隔離するに際しては、逆U字状に形成した逆U字状の二管1を海中に設置し、その逆U字状の二管1におけるガスリフト溶解管2を浅海に保持し、沈降管3の下端を深海に開口させ、この状態で、ガスリフト溶解管2の下端部に吹き込み口を開口させた吹き込み装置6により、該ガスリフト溶解管2に水中に分散したマイクロバブル化した炭酸ガス等等を吹き込むが、その吹き込みに伴ってガスリフト溶解管2の下端から吸入された海水が、その溶解管2中を炭酸ガス等と共にガスリフト作用により上昇し、炭酸ガス等は溶解管2の上端に達するまでに海水中に溶解する。このようにして炭酸ガス等を海水に溶解させると、溶解させる海水が常に更新されるため、同じ海水に多量の炭酸ガス等を溶解させる場合に比して、溶解効率の向上を図ることができる。
【0027】上記炭酸ガス等の溶解により密度増加した海水は、逆U字状の二管1における上端の湾曲部4を経て、下端が深海に開口する沈降管3内を重力流沈降し、深海に隔離される。このようにして、炭酸ガス等を浅海において海中に溶解させ、それに伴う密度増加を利用した重力流沈降により炭酸ガス等を深海に沈降させると、火力発電所等から多量に排出される炭酸ガス等を簡単で効率的に深海に隔離することができ、地球環境保全のために有効に機能させることができる。
【0028】図2は前記第一の技術的課題を解決するための構成を有する方法及び装置によって、火力発電所等の固定発生源から多量に排出される炭酸ガス等を海中溶解隔離する為、ガスリフト溶解管に炭酸ガス等を吹き込む際に、煙突からの煙をあらかじめ海水または冷水の中に吹き込むことによって冷却した後、公知のマイクロバブル発生装置を用いてマイクロバブル化して水又は海水中に分散させ、水又は海水中に分散した煙のマイクロバブルをポンプを用いて前記ガスリフト溶解管に圧送するためのフローを示すブロック図である。また火力発電所の煙突等の煙から公知の手段によって分離した炭酸ガスのみを用いる場合は図2の左方の冷却槽は不要である。
【0029】図3は前記第二の技術的課題を解決するための構成を有する方法及び装置によって、火力発電所等の固定発生源から多量に排出される炭酸ガス等を海中溶解隔離するに際し、図2と同様の手段で形成した、水又は海水中に分散した煙のマイクロバブルを約4MPa(4メガパスカル)程度に加圧すると炭酸ガスは液体炭酸ガスとなるので、これを約0℃よりわずかに低い温度に冷却して水を氷に変え、煙の中の炭酸ガスを液体炭酸ガスに変えて、氷中に分散した液体炭酸ガスを含むマイクロ粒を形成するためのフローを示すブロック図である。この氷を水深400m以下の深海に下ろしたパイプを通じて深海に投棄すれば深海の水圧と10℃以下の温度により液体炭酸ガスは水と反応し炭酸ガスハイドレートのマイクロ粒を形成するので、安定に深海に投棄できる。
【0030】従来は炭酸ガスをチャンバーに入れ炭酸ガスを液化して液体炭酸ガスを造り、この液体炭酸ガスを深海に下ろしたパイプを通じて深海底の窪地に投棄する案があった。深海底の窪地に投棄された液体炭酸ガスの溜まりの表面だけが水と反応して炭酸ガス・ハイドレートの膜を形成し、膜の下にある液体炭酸ガスの海中への拡散を防いでいた。しかしもしこの炭酸ガス・ハイドレートの皮膜が破れると、海中に液体炭酸ガスが拡散することになり、これが問題である為、この案は実用化できなかった。
【0031】しかし図3に示す方法では、液体炭酸ガスのマイクロ粒が水深400m以下の深海の圧力により水と容易に反応して、マイクロ粒全体が炭酸ガス・ハイドレートを形成するので、もはや液体炭酸ガスは存在せず、海中へ溶け出す成分は無い。炭酸ガス・ハイドレートは安定な個体なので、そのまま深海底に留まる。
【0032】図4は前記第三の技術的課題を解決するための構成を有する方法及び装置によって、火力発電所等の固定発生源から多量に排出される炭酸ガス等を海中溶解隔離するに際し、図2と同様の手段で形成した、水又は海水中に分散した炭酸ガスを含む気体のマイクロバブルを、4MPa程度に加圧し、1℃程度に冷却して気体中の炭酸ガスを水と反応させ、更に―24℃以下に冷却して炭酸ガス・ハイドレートに変えて、氷中に分散した炭酸ガス・ハイドレートのマイクロ粒を形成するためのフローを示すブロック図である。
【0033】図4の加圧、冷却の仕方の一例は次の通りである、まず常温・常圧で容器中の水又は海水の中に分散した煙のマイクロバブルを約4MPa(4メガパスカル)程度に加圧すると煙中の炭酸ガスは液体炭酸ガスとなる。次に容器全体を1℃にまで冷却し、水と炭酸ガスを反応させ炭酸ガス・ハイドレートを形成させる。次に容器全体を―24℃にまで冷却すると、水は氷になり氷の中に閉じ込められた炭酸ガス・ハイドレートを含むマイクロ粒となる。次に容器の内容物を常圧下に取り出しても炭酸ガス・ハイドレートは氷の中に閉じこめられ、炭酸ガス・ハイドレートのままに止まる。
このとき煙中の他の成分、たとえば窒素や酸素は気体のままで氷の中に残存する。また煙中のカーボンの粒子も氷の中に残存する。
【0034】ここで上記の氷を破砕すれば、気体のままで氷の中に残存している窒素や酸素は破砕によって開放され大気中に逃げる。
深海に投棄する直前に上記氷を破砕するようにすれば、深海に下ろしたパイプを通じて効率よく氷を深海に投棄することが出来る。あるいは氷を破砕しないで廃坑を利用して地底に投棄することも出来る。
この投棄によって炭酸ガス・ハイドレートだけでなく煙中のカーボン粒子をも深海や地底に投棄できる。この煙中のカーボン粒子も大気中にあれば地球温暖化の原因となることが知られている。
これにより比較的安いコストで煙の中の炭酸ガスとカーボンを窒素、酸素から分離出来たことになる。上記加圧、冷却の仕方は上記の方法に限らず、水と炭酸ガスの相図を参考にして種々の方法が取れることは言うまでもない。例えば上記―24℃の冷却は必ずしも必要ではなく、炭酸ガスと水の相図を参考にした、炭酸ガスハイドレートの形成可能温度
即ち0℃前後の温度でも良い。
【0035】図5は図1とは別種の実施例で、長脚の管のみを用い、長脚管をガス溶解管としてその上端部を海面又は海面近くに保持し、その下端部を深海に開口するようにした。その上端部は海面から海水ポンプを用いてくみ上げられた海水で満たされている。マイクロバブル発生器を用いて、その海水中に炭酸ガスのみのマイクロバブルを吹き込むと、炭酸ガスのマイクロバブルを分散した海水となる。次に炭酸ガスのマイクロバブルを分散した海水を、モーターにより回転力を得るタービン翼により長脚管の下方に向けて圧送し、溶解管中における上記炭酸ガスの海水への溶解作用により密度増加した海水を深海に重力流沈降させる。また長脚管の海面又は海面近くの管内に設けた、モーターにより回転力を得るタービン翼と、長脚管の深海に開口する開口端との間の任意の部分の管内に、重力により沈降する海水によって回転力を得るタービン翼を設けて、その軸を発電機に接続し、エネルギーを回収する事もできる。
【0036】前記長脚管の海面近くの部分から注入された炭酸ガスのみからなるマイクロバブルを分散した海水はモーターにより回転力を得るタービン翼により長脚管の下方に向けて圧送されるが、下方へ圧送されるにしたがってマイクロバブル中の炭酸ガスは海水に溶解し、海水の比重を増大させる。重力による静水圧によって、下方に行くほど比重と静水圧が増大した海水はマイクロバブルの周囲の静水圧を増大させるので、マイクロバブルの直径はボイルシャルルの法則に従い小さく圧縮される。静水圧の高い海水中で、しかも直径の小さい炭酸ガスのマイクロバブルは、海水に対する溶解度を更に増し、いよいよ海水中に溶解するようになる。長脚管の下方に行くほどこの作用が甚だしくなり、比重の増大した海水は自重で沈降する力を増す。
この下方に向かって沈降する海水の流れで別のタービン翼を回転させると、タービン翼の軸に接続した発電機が回るので、長脚管の上方で消費した電力の内、多くの部分を回収出来る事は言うまでも無い。
【0037】ここで長脚管の下方350m以下では上方のタービンの圧力と静水圧を加えた圧力が35気圧(3.5Mpa)以上となるので、海水の温度が10℃以下では、海水に溶解している炭酸ガスは容易に炭酸ガス・ハイドレートになる。これは炭酸ガス―水の相図から言えることである。
また海水に溶解せずに残留していた炭酸ガスの微小なマイクロバブルがあったとしても、それも問題なく炭酸ガス・ハイドレートの微小なマイクロバブルになる。このようにして炭酸ガスは炭酸ガス・ハイドレートという固体に変わり、この固体は海水より比重が重いので上方へ浮き上がることなく、深海に向けて沈降し深海底に堆積する。ここにはもはや液体炭酸ガスは存在せず、固体である炭酸ガス・ハイドレートのみなので液体炭酸ガスのように海中に溶け出さない。この点から液体炭酸ガスのみを深海に注入する従来の案の欠点を克服できる。
【0038】また前記マイクロバブル発生装置は公知のもので、種々の方式があるが一例として、特開2000−447「旋回式微細気泡発生装置」等を挙げることが出来る。しかし上記の方式に留まらず種々の
方式のマイクロバブル発生装置を用いても良いことは明白である
【0039】図6は別の実施例を示す。炭酸ガスを含む気体又は炭酸ガスのマイクロバブルを分散した水又は海水を、圧入装置により、地中に向かって埋設した圧入パイプを通じて地底に圧入する。
地底に圧入された炭酸ガスを含む気体又は炭酸ガスのマイクロバブルを分散した水又は海水中の炭酸ガス等は地底の炭層に吸着される。
また上記炭酸ガスは、地底の砂層又は土層に吸着されるか、または地底の砂層又は土層中のアルカリ金属酸化物、やアルカリ土類金属酸化物と反応して炭酸塩又は重炭酸塩となり、地底に固定化される。即ち例えば炭酸カルシウム等となる。地底には天然の石灰石等の層もあり、これらは環境に何の悪影響も与えていないので上記炭酸カルシウム等の層が新たに出来たとしても問題は無い。また上記炭酸ガスが地下水に混入した場合、地下水中の炭酸の溶解度を越えた部分は、やはり炭酸カルシウム等となって地下で沈殿物を形成するので、何ら問題は無い。
また炭酸ガスを含む気体又は炭酸ガスのマイクロバブルを分散した水又は海水は、廃坑や採油寿命の終わった石油、天然ガス等のボーリング穴を用いて地底に注入することも出来る。
【0040】また上記すべての実施例において、炭酸ガス等を含む気体又は炭酸ガスのマイクロバブルを分散する水又は海水の中に、塩基性炭酸ガス吸収剤、例えば炭酸カルシウム、重炭酸カルシウム、炭酸カリウム、重炭酸カリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、重炭酸ナトリウム、アミン等を混入し、マイクロバブル中の炭酸ガスの少なくとも一部を水または海水に吸収あるいは溶解させる事もできる。
【0041】更に上記すべての実施例において、水または海水中に界面活性剤を混入し、マイクロバブルと水または海水の界面に界面活性剤の分子を吸着させ、マイクロバブル同志が結合する事を妨げるようにすることも出来る。このことによって、マイクロバブル相互の結合により、マイクロバブルが肥大化することを妨げ、浮き上がって消滅することを妨げ、マイクロバブルの存在寿命を延ばすことが出来る。
【0042】
【発明の効果】以上に詳述したように、本発明によれば、火力発電所等の固定発生源から多量に排出される炭酸ガス等を地球環境保全のために深海又は地底に隔離するための簡単で効率的な方法及び装置を提供することができる。
また本発明と類似の作用を有し、類似の効果が得られる、ここに示さなかった多くの実施例は均等の原則に従い、本発明と同一の発明とみなされることは明白である。
更に明細書中に示した総ての実施例及びここに示さなかった多くの実施例を、明細書中に述べられた要素技術または公知の要素技術を用いて実施する場合、その要素技術はすべて公知の技術を用いて実施できるので、本発明の構成が完成しているのは明白である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る炭酸ガスの海中溶解隔離装置の構成図であり、長脚管と短脚管からなる逆U字状の2管を用いた実施例を示す。
【図2】本発明に係る炭酸ガスの海中溶解隔離装置において、煙突からの煙をあらかじめ海水または冷水の中に吹き込むことによって冷却した後、公知のマイクロバブル発生装置を用いてマイクロバブル化して水中に分散させ、水中に分散した煙のマイクロバブルをポンプを用いて前記ガスリフト溶解管に圧送するためのフローを示すブロック図である。
【図3】本発明に係る炭酸ガスの海中溶解隔離装置において、図2と同様の手段で形成した、水中に分散した煙のマイクロバブルを加圧・冷却して水を氷に変え、煙の中の炭酸ガスを液体炭酸ガスに変えて、氷中に分散した液体炭酸ガスのマイクロ粒を形成するためのフローを示すブロック図である
【図4】本発明に係る炭酸ガスの海中溶解隔離装置において、図2と同様の手段で形成した、水中に分散した煙のマイクロバブルを加圧・冷却して水を氷に変え、煙の中の炭酸ガスを炭酸ガス・ハイドレートに変えて、氷中に分散した炭酸ガス・ハイドレートのマイクロ粒を形成するためのフローを示すブロック図である
【図5】本発明に係る炭酸ガスの海中溶解隔離装置において、図1とは別の実施例を示し、長脚管のみを用い炭酸ガスのみからなるマイクロバブルを深海に圧送して溶解させ、その後自重で沈降させる装置を示す。
【図6】本発明の別の実施例を示す。炭酸ガスを含む気体又は炭酸ガスのマイクロバブルを分散した水又は海水を、圧入装置により、地中に向かって埋設した圧入パイプを通じて地底に圧入する図である。
【符号の説明】
図1;1 逆U字状の二管、2 ガスリフト溶解管、3 沈降管、4 逆U字管の頂点部、4A 脱気弁、5 吹き込み管、6 吹き込み装置、8,9発電機、10,11タービン翼、14,15 制御弁
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for isolating a large amount of carbon dioxide gas emitted from a fixed source such as a thermal power plant in the sea or underground for the purpose of preserving the global environment. The gas containing carbon dioxide discharged in large quantities from fixed sources such as thermal power plants is smoke composed of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, water vapor and carbon fine particles, Here, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide are collectively called carbon dioxide.
[0002]
2. Description of the Related Art Heretofore, carbon dioxide has been isolated from the ocean by (a) directly injecting liquid carbon dioxide at a depth of 1,000 m or less, or (b) directly charging dry ice. There is also a method of (c) releasing and dissolving carbon dioxide gas in a shallow sea (depth of 200 to 400 m), but this method releases carbon dioxide gas directly into the sea.
[0003] In the above methods (a) and (b), carbon dioxide can be isolated in the deep sea avoiding a water area having a high density of organisms, but the liquefaction energy of the carbon dioxide, the energy for transporting the liquefied carbon dioxide, and the liquefaction. Energy such as carbon dioxide input energy is required. For example, if the entire amount of carbon dioxide gas discharged from a thermal power plant is to be treated by the above methods (a) and (b), the energy consumption will increase by 40 to 50% at present.
[0004] On the other hand, in the method (c), the energy consumption can be increased by 10% to 20% at present, but when the renewal action of seawater near the carbon dioxide blowing part is low, the dissolving efficiency is remarkable. descend. It is also impossible to avoid the acidification of densely populated waters and the secondary environmental effects caused by this. Further, each of the above methods (a), (b) and (c) has a drawback that all the pressure energy given to the liquid carbon dioxide or the carbon dioxide is dumped into the ocean. As described above, it is necessary to judge that each of the above-mentioned current systems has serious deficiencies both in terms of energy and environment.
[0005]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The main technical object of the present invention is to provide a simple method for isolating a large amount of carbon dioxide gas emitted from a fixed source such as a thermal power plant in the deep sea or the like for global environmental protection. It is to provide an efficient method and apparatus. The first specific technical problem of the present invention is that the carbon dioxide gas is microbubbled and dispersed in water or seawater, dissolved in the sea in shallow water, and carbon dioxide gas is settled by gravity flow sedimentation using the density increase accompanying it. To provide a simple and inexpensive means of isolating the sea in the deep sea. The first problem associated with the first technical problem of the present invention is to enhance the renewal effect of seawater for dissolving carbon dioxide gas by using an inverted U-shaped long leg tube and short leg tube held in the sea, It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus for dissolving and isolating carbon dioxide in the sea so as to improve the dissolving efficiency.
Another problem associated with the first technical problem of the present invention is that only a long leg tube is used, the long leg tube is used as a gas dissolving tube, the upper end of which is held at or near the sea surface, and the lower end thereof is provided. Part is opened to the deep sea, seawater with carbon dioxide microbubbles dispersed is blown in from the upper end, and it is pumped down the long leg pipe using a turbine blade that obtains rotational force by a motor and melted The purpose of the present invention is to cause the seawater whose density has been increased by the action of dissolving the carbon dioxide gas in the seawater in the pipe to settle by gravity flow in the deep sea.
Another technical problem associated with the first technical problem of the present invention is to provide means for recovering pressure energy applied to carbon dioxide gas and isolating carbon dioxide gas at low cost. Is to do.
A second technical problem of the present invention is that a gas containing carbon dioxide gas or the like is microbubbled and dispersed in water or seawater, and is converted into liquid carbon dioxide gas more efficiently than in the prior art. And to obtain relatively inexpensive means for dumping and isolating into the deep sea.
A third technical problem of the present invention is that a gas containing carbon dioxide gas or the like is microbubbled and dispersed in water or seawater, and is converted into liquid carbon dioxide gas more efficiently than in the prior art. Another object of the present invention is to obtain a relatively low-cost means for stably dumping and isolating into the deep sea by changing to microparticles of carbon dioxide hydrate.
A fourth technical problem of the present invention is that water or seawater in which gas microbubbles containing carbon dioxide or the like are dispersed is injected into the ground and carbon dioxide is adsorbed on a coal bed under the ground, or a sand layer or soil under the ground is formed. The purpose is to obtain means for adsorbing carbon dioxide on the layer.
[0010]
To solve the above first technical problem, the method and apparatus for dissolving and isolating underwater in the sea of the present invention is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-103649, "Method and apparatus for dissolving and isolating gaseous carbon dioxide in sea". The device shown in Table 1 is incorporated. That is, the short leg tube in the inverted U-shaped two tubes formed by connecting the short leg tube and the long leg tube at the upper part to form an inverted U shape is held in the shallow sea as a gas lift melting tube, and dispersed in water from the lower end portion. Blowed carbon gas or the like into microbubbles, and caused seawater to flow from the lower end of the dissolving tube by the gas lift action of the carbon dioxide gas or the like in the dissolving tube, and to remove the seawater until the carbon dioxide gas reached the upper end of the dissolving tube. Dissolved in seawater, the long leg pipe in the inverted U-shaped two pipes as a sedimentation pipe whose lower end is open to the deep sea, and gravity water sedimentation of the seawater whose density is increased by dissolution of the carbon dioxide gas and the like to the deep sea. It is a feature.
A degassing valve is provided at the top of the inverted U-shaped two pipes, and gas such as nitrogen and oxygen that has not been dissolved in seawater in the dissolving pipe is introduced into the upper sea through the degassing valve. You can make it escape.
In the above-mentioned apparatus for dissolving and isolating carbon dioxide in the sea, the diameter of the sedimentation tube is made larger than that of the gas lift melting tube, or both or one of the gas lift melting tube and the sedimentation tube is connected to the gas separation tube. A turbine blade rotating by the seawater flow is provided, connected to a generator, and a gas lift melting pipe is provided with a single or a plurality of control valves having a backflow prevention function and capable of controlling the flow in the pipe. Can be provided.
[0013] A method and apparatus for dissolving and isolating submerged seawater belonging to another technical problem accompanying the first technical problem of the present invention are described in JP-A-8-103649 "Method and apparatus for dissolving and isolating gaseous carbon dioxide in seawater". The equipment shown is not used. That is, using only a long-legged pipe, the long-legged pipe is used as a gas-dissolving pipe, the upper end thereof is held at or near the sea surface, and the lower end is opened to the deep sea. Is blown, seawater in which microbubbles of carbon dioxide gas are dispersed is pumped down the long leg pipe by turbine blades that obtain rotational force by a motor, and the carbon dioxide gas in the melting pipe is fed to seawater. The purpose of this method is to make the seawater whose density has increased due to the dissolution action sink by gravity in the deep sea.
Further, the method and apparatus for dissolving and isolating underwater in the sea according to the present invention for solving the second technical problem are disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-103649 "Method and apparatus for dissolving and isolating gaseous carbon dioxide in sea". Is not used. That is, carbon dioxide is converted into microbubbles and dispersed in water or seawater, and then pressurized and cooled to convert water into ice, and microparticles of liquid carbon dioxide in which carbon dioxide microbubbles are dispersed in ice And dumped into the deep sea through a pipe lowered into the deep sea, reacting the microparticles of liquid carbon dioxide with water at the water pressure of the deep sea and a temperature of 10 ° C or less, changing it to microparticles of carbon dioxide hydrate and stably in the deep sea It is characterized by isolation.
Carbon dioxide gas becomes liquid carbon dioxide gas even at room temperature (20 ° C.) when pressurized to 3.5 MPa or more. If carbon dioxide gas is in the form of microbubbles dispersed in water, it is relatively safer and easier to pressurize it than to pressurize the gas itself. Because water works as a pressurizing medium, it is possible to easily compress carbon dioxide in the form of microbubbles using a hydraulic compressor or the like, and convert the carbon dioxide into microparticles of liquid carbon dioxide. It is easy to cool this to a temperature slightly lower than 0 ° C., and the water turns into ice, and the microparticles of liquid carbon dioxide are trapped in the ice and can stably exist. Leave the carbon dioxide microbubbles dispersed in water at room temperature before dumping into the deep sea, pressurize it to 3.5 MPa or more just before dumping, then cool to a temperature slightly lower than 0 ° C and dump into the deep sea Then the energy costs can be relatively low.
Further, a method and apparatus for dissolving and isolating underwater in the sea according to the present invention for solving the third technical problem are disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-103649 "Method and apparatus for dissolving and isolating gaseous carbon dioxide in sea". Is not used. That is, carbon dioxide is converted into microbubbles and dispersed in water, and then pressurized and cooled to change water into ice, and the carbon dioxide is converted into microparticles of carbon dioxide hydrate dispersed in ice. Crushed, dumped into the deep sea through a pipe lowered into the deep sea, and stably isolated in the deep sea. Alternatively, it can be isolated underground using aborted pits or boring holes for oil, natural gas, etc. whose oil recovery life has ended.
[0016]
According to the method and the apparatus having the structure for solving the above first technical problem, when dissolving and isolating a large amount of carbon dioxide gas from a fixed source such as a thermal power plant in the sea, an inverted U-shape is used. The inverted U-shaped two pipes formed in a U-shape are installed in the sea, the gas lift dissolving pipe (short-leg pipe) in the inverted U-shaped two pipes is held in shallow water, and the lower end of the sedimentation pipe (long-leg pipe) is Open to the deep sea. In this state, by blowing a gas bubble containing carbon dioxide gas microbubbles having a blowing port opened at the lower end of the gas lift dissolving tube, a gas bubble dissolving microbubble carbon dioxide gas or the like dispersed in water is blown into the gas lift dissolving tube. Then, the seawater sucked from the lower end of the gas lift dissolving pipe rises in the dissolving pipe together with the carbon dioxide gas and the like by a gas lift action, and the carbon dioxide gas and the like are dissolved in the seawater and the water until reaching the upper end of the dissolving pipe. Such a means is effective for enhancing the action of renewing seawater to be dissolved and improving the dissolution efficiency.
The seawater whose density has increased due to the dissolution of the carbon dioxide gas passes through a curved portion at the upper end of the inverted U-shaped two pipes, and then sediments by gravity in a sedimentation tube whose lower end opens to the deep sea, where it is isolated. If the diameter of the sedimentation tube is made larger than that of the gas lift dissolution tube when dissolving and isolating carbon dioxide gas in the sea, the pressure loss accompanying the flow of seawater can be reduced, and the gravitational flow sedimentation action can be promoted. In addition, if gas turbines are installed in the gas lift melting pipe and sedimentation pipe, and turbine blades are rotated by the flow of seawater in these pipes and connected to a generator, pressure energy such as carbon dioxide gas is recovered by power generation or the like to reduce energy consumption. It can be greatly reduced.
Further, by providing a control valve having a backflow preventing function and capable of controlling a flow in the gas lift melting pipe, the gas lift melting pipe is provided with a gas lift melting pipe in relation to the amount of carbon dioxide gas blown into the gas lift melting pipe. It is possible to balance the flow of seawater in the pipe and the settling pipe, or to stabilize the flow at the start of operation. It is advantageous to use the electric power obtained by the generator for driving the control valve.
As described above, since carbon dioxide gas and the like are dissolved in the sea in shallow seas and sequestration of the carbon dioxide gas into the deep sea by gravity flow sedimentation utilizing the density increase accompanying the dissolution, a large amount of carbon dioxide gas is discharged from a thermal power plant or the like. Etc. can be easily and efficiently isolated in the deep sea, and can function effectively for global environmental conservation.
The operation of the method and the apparatus having the structure for solving the second technical problem is as follows. A microbubble such as carbon dioxide dispersed in water or seawater is pressurized to 3.5 MPa or more, By cooling to a slightly lower temperature, it is converted into micro-particles containing liquid carbon dioxide dispersed in ice, and when it is dumped into the deep sea of about 400 m or deeper, when the water pressure of the deep sea and the temperature of 10 ° C or less, among the micro-particles, The part of the liquid carbon dioxide reacts with water and easily changes into microparticles of carbon dioxide hydrate, and can be stably isolated in the deep sea by the stability of carbon dioxide hydrate. The operation of the method and the apparatus having the structure for solving the third technical problem is as follows. Micro bubbles such as carbon dioxide dispersed in water are pressurized to 3.5 MPa or more and cooled to about 1 ° C. By reacting liquid carbon dioxide with water and further cooling it to about -24 ° C or less and converting it into microparticles of carbon dioxide hydrate, when it is dumped in the deep sea, the stability of the carbon dioxide hydrate makes it more stable Is to be able to be isolated. Another effect of the above second and third methods and apparatus is that, when cooling or pressurizing a carbon dioxide gas in a chamber as in the past, large energy and cost are required, but the dispersion in water is difficult. Then, by cooling or pressurizing the microbubble carbon dioxide gas, etc., the carbon dioxide gas can be converted to liquid carbon dioxide with less energy and cost than before by the good thermal conductivity of water and the ease of handling water as a compressed working fluid. Not only can microparticles of gas or carbon dioxide hydrate be formed, but also the water of the dispersion medium becomes ice, so that the microparticles can be stably held in ice for a long time.
[0021]
FIG. 1 shows a method and an apparatus having a structure for solving the first technical problem, in which a large amount of carbon dioxide and the like discharged from a fixed source such as a thermal power plant is dissolved and isolated in the sea. It is a figure which shows the structure of a submerged dissolution apparatus. The underwater melting and isolating device shown in the figure is for dissolving a large amount of carbon dioxide and the like discharged from a fixed source such as a thermal power plant in the sea and isolating it in the deep sea. Are connected at the upper part to form an inverted U-shaped two tube 1. This inverted U-shaped two pipe 1 is used by installing it in the sea, holding the short-leg gas lift melting pipe 2 in shallow water, and opening the lower end of the long-leg sedimentation pipe 3 in the deep sea. .
The gas lift dissolving pipe 2 in the inverted U-shaped two pipes is provided at its lower end with a blowing device for blowing microbubble carbon dioxide gas dispersed in water or seawater fed through a blowing pipe 5. And a blowing port of the blowing device 6 is opened at a lower end portion of the gas lift dissolving pipe, and a lower end of the dissolving pipe 2 is formed by a gas lift action of microbubble carbon dioxide gas dispersed in the blown water or seawater. Open for inflow of seawater. The injection of the microbubbles of carbon dioxide gas dispersed in water or seawater into the inverted U-shaped gas lift 1 only requires a source pressure lower than the hydrostatic pressure of seawater corresponding to the depth of the blown water. That is, a pressure loss corresponding to the pressure loss generated in the process of transporting microbubble carbon dioxide dispersed in water or seawater from a fixed source of gas containing carbon dioxide or the like to the installation position of this underwater dissolution and isolation device, and water Alternatively, the microbubble carbon dioxide gas dispersed in seawater is fed by applying the original pressure obtained by adding the hydrostatic pressure due to gravity. This is because the specific gravity of microbubble carbon dioxide or the like dispersed in water or seawater has a specific gravity between the specific gravity of only gas such as carbon dioxide and the specific gravity of water or seawater.
On the other hand, the sedimentation tube 3 connected to the gas lift dissolution tube 2 via the curved portion 4 at the upper end is used for dissolving carbon dioxide gas in the gas lift dissolution tube 2 to sediment the seawater whose density is increased by gravity flow. It has its lower end open to the deep sea. When installing the inverted U-shaped two pipes 1 in the sea, it is desirable that the gas lift melting pipe 2 has a pipe length of about 100 to 200 m and a lower end maintained at a water depth of 200 to 400 m. It is desirable that the pipe length be about 1000 to 2000 m.
In addition, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and the like in microbubbles such as carbon dioxide dispersed in water or seawater are discharged into seawater until they reach the upper end of the dissolving tube 2. Nitrogen, oxygen, and the like, which have been dissolved and not dissolved therein, can be released into the upper sea through a deaeration valve 4A provided at the top of the inverted U pipe.
The sedimentation pipe 3 has a diameter larger than that of the gas lift dissolution pipe 2, so that the pressure loss accompanying the flow of seawater can be reduced and the gravity flow sedimentation action can be promoted. Further, the gas lift melting pipe 2 and the sedimentation pipe 3 are provided with turbine blades 10 and 11 which rotate by the flow of seawater in those pipes, and these are connected to the generators 8 and 9, respectively. These turbine blades and power generators recover the pressure energy of carbon dioxide gas by power generation or the like to greatly reduce the energy consumption. The turbine blades 10 provided in the gas lift melting pipe 2 are rotated by their rotation. It is also effective for miniaturizing the blown carbon dioxide gas or the like to promote dissolution. In addition, these turbine blades and a generator can be provided in only one of the gas lift melting pipe 2 and the settling pipe 3.
Further, the gas lift dissolving pipe 2 is provided with control valves 14 and 15 having a backflow preventing function and capable of controlling the flow in the pipe, a seawater suction port at the lower end of the gas lift dissolving pipe 2 and the pipe 2. It is provided at the top. These control valves 14 and 15 balance the flow of seawater in the gas lift melting pipe 2 and the settling pipe 3 in relation to the amount of carbon dioxide blown into the gas lift melting pipe 2 or at the start of operation. This is to stabilize the flow. When the control valves 14 and 15 are driven for controlling the flow in the gas lift melting pipe 2 and the settling pipe 3, it is advantageous to use the electric power obtained by the generators 8 and 9.
When dissolving and isolating carbon dioxide and the like discharged from a thermal power plant or the like in the sea by the apparatus having the above configuration, the inverted U-shaped two pipes 1 formed in an inverted U shape are installed in the sea. The gas lift melting pipe 2 in the inverted U-shaped two pipes 1 is held in shallow water, the lower end of the sedimentation pipe 3 is opened to the deep sea, and in this state, the blowing port is opened at the lower end of the gas lift melting pipe 2. The gas lift dissolving pipe 2 is blown into the gas lift dissolving pipe 2 with microbubble carbon dioxide gas or the like, and the seawater sucked from the lower end of the gas lift dissolving pipe 2 is blown through the dissolving pipe 2. It rises together with the carbon dioxide gas and the like by a gas lift action, and the carbon dioxide gas and the like are dissolved in the seawater before reaching the upper end of the dissolving pipe 2. When carbon dioxide or the like is dissolved in seawater in this way, the seawater to be dissolved is constantly updated, so that the dissolution efficiency can be improved as compared with the case where a large amount of carbon dioxide or the like is dissolved in the same seawater. .
The seawater whose density has been increased by the dissolution of the carbon dioxide gas or the like passes through the curved portion 4 at the upper end of the inverted U-shaped two pipes 1, and then sinks by gravity in the sedimentation tube 3 whose lower end opens into the deep sea. To be isolated. In this way, when carbon dioxide or the like is dissolved in the sea in shallow seas and the carbon dioxide or the like is settled in the deep sea by gravity flow sedimentation using the density increase accompanying the dissolution, a large amount of carbon dioxide or the like discharged from a thermal power plant etc. Can be easily and efficiently isolated in the deep sea, and can function effectively for global environmental protection.
FIG. 2 shows a method and an apparatus having a configuration for solving the first technical problem, in order to dissolve and isolate a large amount of carbon dioxide and the like discharged from a fixed source such as a thermal power plant in the sea. When blowing carbon dioxide or the like into the gas lift melting pipe, the smoke from the chimney is cooled by blowing it into seawater or cold water in advance, then it is microbubble using a known microbubble generator and dispersed in water or seawater. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a flow for pumping microbubbles of smoke dispersed in water or seawater to the gas lift melting pipe using a pump. When only carbon dioxide gas separated from smoke from a chimney or the like of a thermal power plant by a known means is used, the cooling tank on the left side of FIG. 2 is unnecessary.
FIG. 3 shows a method and an apparatus having a structure for solving the second technical problem, in which carbon dioxide and the like discharged in large quantities from a fixed source such as a thermal power plant are dissolved and isolated in the sea. When the microbubbles of smoke dispersed in water or seawater formed by the same means as in FIG. 2 are pressurized to about 4 MPa (4 megapascals), the carbon dioxide becomes liquid carbon dioxide. Block diagram showing a flow for cooling water to a slightly lower temperature to convert water to ice, convert carbon dioxide in smoke to liquid carbon dioxide, and form microparticles containing liquid carbon dioxide dispersed in ice It is. If this ice is dumped into the deep sea through a pipe lowered to a depth of 400 m or less, the liquid carbon dioxide reacts with water to form microparticles of carbon dioxide hydrate due to the water pressure of the deep sea and the temperature of 10 ° C. or less. Can be dumped in the deep sea.
Conventionally, there has been a method in which carbon dioxide gas is introduced into a chamber to liquefy the carbon dioxide gas to produce liquid carbon dioxide gas, and this liquid carbon dioxide gas is dumped into a deep sea bottom depression through a pipe lowered into the deep sea. Only the surface of the pool of liquid carbon dioxide dumped in the deep-sea depressions reacted with water to form a carbon dioxide hydrate film, preventing the diffusion of liquid carbon dioxide gas under the film into the sea. . However, if the carbon dioxide hydrate film is broken, the liquid carbon dioxide will diffuse into the sea, which is a problem, and this proposal cannot be put to practical use.
However, in the method shown in FIG. 3, the micro-particles of the liquid carbon dioxide gas easily react with water due to the pressure of the deep sea at a depth of 400 m or less, and the entire micro-particles form carbon dioxide hydrate. There is no carbon dioxide gas, and no components dissolve into the sea. Since carbon dioxide hydrate is a stable individual, it stays on the deep sea floor.
FIG. 4 shows a method and an apparatus having a structure for solving the third technical problem, in which a large amount of carbon dioxide or the like discharged from a fixed source such as a thermal power plant is dissolved and isolated in the sea. A gas microbubble containing carbon dioxide dispersed in water or seawater formed by the same means as in FIG. 2 is pressurized to about 4 MPa, cooled to about 1 ° C., and reacted with carbon dioxide in the gas with water. FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a flow for forming microparticles of carbon dioxide hydrate dispersed in ice by further cooling to -24 ° C. or lower and changing to carbon dioxide hydrate.
One example of the method of pressurizing and cooling in FIG. 4 is as follows. First, micro bubbles of smoke dispersed in water or seawater in a container at normal temperature and normal pressure are about 4 MPa (4 megapascals). When pressurized to a certain degree, carbon dioxide in the smoke becomes liquid carbon dioxide. Next, the whole container is cooled to 1 ° C., and water and carbon dioxide are reacted to form carbon dioxide hydrate. Next, when the whole container is cooled to -24 ° C, the water becomes ice and becomes microparticles containing carbon dioxide hydrate trapped in the ice. Next, even if the contents of the container are taken out under normal pressure, the carbon dioxide hydrate is trapped in the ice and remains at the carbon dioxide hydrate.
At this time, other components in the smoke, such as nitrogen and oxygen, remain in the ice as a gas. The carbon particles in the smoke also remain in the ice.
If the above ice is crushed, nitrogen and oxygen remaining in the ice as a gas are released by the crushing and escape to the atmosphere.
If the above ice is crushed immediately before dumping into the deep sea, the ice can be efficiently dumped into the deep sea through a pipe lowered into the deep sea. Alternatively, the ice can be dumped to the ground using abandoned mines without crushing.
By this dumping, not only carbon dioxide hydrate but also carbon particles in smoke can be dumped into the deep sea or the ground. It is known that carbon particles in the smoke also cause global warming if present in the atmosphere.
This means that carbon dioxide and carbon in the smoke could be separated from nitrogen and oxygen at relatively low cost. The method of pressurizing and cooling is not limited to the above method, and it goes without saying that various methods can be taken with reference to the phase diagram of water and carbon dioxide. For example, the above cooling at −24 ° C. is not always necessary, and the temperature at which carbon dioxide hydrate can be formed with reference to the phase diagram of carbon dioxide and water.
That is, the temperature may be around 0 ° C.
FIG. 5 shows another embodiment different from that of FIG. 1, in which only a long-legged tube is used, the long-legged tube is used as a gas dissolving tube, the upper end of which is held at or near the sea surface, and the lower end of which is in deep sea. It was made to open. Its upper end is filled with seawater pumped from the sea surface using a seawater pump. When microbubbles of only carbon dioxide gas are blown into the seawater using the microbubble generator, the seawater becomes a dispersion of carbon dioxide microbubbles. Next, seawater in which carbon dioxide microbubbles are dispersed is pumped down the long leg tube by a turbine blade that obtains rotational force by a motor, and the density increases due to the action of dissolving the carbon dioxide gas in seawater in the dissolving tube. Gravity current sinks seawater into the deep sea. In addition, it sinks by gravity in an arbitrary portion of the pipe between the turbine blade, which is provided in the pipe at or near the sea surface of the long leg pipe and obtains rotational force by a motor, and the open end of the long leg pipe that opens into the deep sea. It is also possible to provide a turbine blade that obtains rotational force from seawater and connect its shaft to a generator to recover energy.
The seawater in which microbubbles consisting only of carbon dioxide gas injected from the portion near the sea surface of the long leg pipe are dispersed is pumped down the long leg pipe by turbine blades that obtain rotational force by a motor. The carbon dioxide in the microbubbles dissolves in the seawater as it is pumped downward, increasing the specific gravity of the seawater. Due to the hydrostatic pressure due to gravity, the seawater whose specific gravity and hydrostatic pressure increases as it goes downward increases the hydrostatic pressure around the microbubbles, so that the diameter of the microbubbles is compressed to a small value according to Boyle-Charles law. The microbubbles of carbon dioxide gas having a small diameter in seawater having high hydrostatic pressure further increase the solubility in seawater, and finally dissolve in seawater. The effect becomes more severe below the long leg, and the increased specific gravity of the seawater increases its sinking power under its own weight.
When another turbine blade is rotated by the flow of seawater that sinks downward, a generator connected to the shaft of the turbine blade rotates, and a large portion of the power consumed above the long leg pipe is recovered. Needless to say, we can do it.
Here, if the pressure of the upper turbine and the hydrostatic pressure are equal to or higher than 35 atm (3.5 Mpa) at 350 m or less below the long leg pipe, if the seawater temperature is 10 ° C or less, the water is dissolved in seawater. The carbon dioxide gas is easily converted to carbon dioxide hydrate. This can be said from the carbon dioxide-water phase diagram.
Also, even if there are minute microbubbles of carbon dioxide gas remaining without being dissolved in seawater, they also become fine microbubbles of carbon dioxide hydrate without any problem. In this way, the carbon dioxide gas is converted into a carbon dioxide hydrate solid, which has a higher specific gravity than seawater, and thus sinks toward the deep sea without accumulating upward and deposits on the deep sea floor. There is no longer any liquid carbon dioxide here, only solid carbon dioxide hydrate, so it does not dissolve into the sea like liquid carbon dioxide. From this point, it is possible to overcome the drawbacks of the conventional scheme of injecting only liquid carbon dioxide into the deep sea.
The above-mentioned micro-bubble generator is a known type, and there are various types. For example, JP-A-2000-4747 “Swirl type micro-bubble generator” can be mentioned. However, not limited to the above method, various
It is clear that a micro-bubble generator of the type may be used.
FIG. 6 shows another embodiment. Water or seawater in which gas containing carbon dioxide or microbubbles of carbon dioxide is dispersed is injected into the ground by an injection device through an injection pipe buried underground.
Gas containing carbon dioxide gas injected into the ground or carbon dioxide in water or seawater in which carbon dioxide microbubbles are dispersed is adsorbed to the coal seam below the ground.
Further, the carbon dioxide gas is adsorbed on a sand layer or soil layer at the bottom or reacts with an alkali metal oxide or an alkaline earth metal oxide in the sand layer or the soil layer at the bottom to form carbonate or bicarbonate. , Immobilized underground. That is, for example, calcium carbonate is used. There are also layers of natural limestone and the like at the bottom of the ground, and these layers have no adverse effect on the environment. Therefore, there is no problem even if a layer of calcium carbonate or the like is newly formed. Further, when the above-mentioned carbon dioxide gas is mixed into the groundwater, a portion exceeding the solubility of the carbonic acid in the groundwater becomes calcium carbonate or the like and forms a precipitate underground, so that there is no problem.
Water or seawater in which a gas containing carbon dioxide or microbubbles of carbon dioxide is dispersed can also be injected into the ground using a waste pit or a boring hole for oil, natural gas, or the like whose oil recovery life has ended.
In all of the above embodiments, a basic carbon dioxide absorbent such as calcium carbonate, calcium bicarbonate, potassium carbonate, or the like is added to water or seawater in which a gas containing carbon dioxide or the like or a microbubble of carbon dioxide is dispersed. , Potassium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, amine and the like can be mixed to absorb or dissolve at least a part of the carbon dioxide gas in the microbubbles in water or seawater.
Further, in all of the above embodiments, a surfactant is mixed into water or seawater to adsorb surfactant molecules to the interface between microbubbles and water or seawater, thereby preventing the microbubbles from binding to each other. You can also do so. As a result, the microbubbles are prevented from being enlarged due to the mutual connection of the microbubbles, are prevented from floating and disappearing, and the existence life of the microbubbles can be extended.
[0042]
As described in detail above, according to the present invention, a large amount of carbon dioxide or the like discharged from a fixed source such as a thermal power plant is isolated in the deep sea or underground for global environmental protection. And a simple and efficient method and apparatus can be provided.
Further, it is apparent that many embodiments not shown here which have similar functions and obtain similar effects to the present invention can be regarded as the same invention as the present invention in accordance with the principle of equivalent.
Further, when all the embodiments shown in the specification and many embodiments not shown here are implemented by using the element technology described in the specification or known element technology, the element technologies are all changed. It is clear that the configuration of the present invention has been completed, since it can be implemented using known techniques.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an apparatus for dissolving and isolating carbon dioxide in the sea according to the present invention, showing an embodiment using two inverted U-shaped pipes including a long leg pipe and a short leg pipe.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the apparatus for dissolving and isolating carbon dioxide in the sea according to the present invention, in which smoke from a chimney is cooled by previously blowing it into seawater or cold water, and then microbubble is formed using a known microbubble generator to form underwater. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a flow for pumping microbubbles of smoke dispersed in water to the gas lift melting tube using a pump.
FIG. 3 In the apparatus for dissolving and isolating carbon dioxide in the sea according to the present invention, the microbubbles of smoke dispersed in water formed by the same means as in FIG. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a flow for changing the carbon dioxide in the liquid to liquid carbon dioxide and forming microparticles of liquid carbon dioxide dispersed in ice.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the apparatus for dissolving and isolating carbon dioxide in the sea according to the present invention, in which the microbubbles of smoke dispersed in water formed by the same means as in FIG. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a flow for forming carbon dioxide hydrate micro-particles dispersed in ice by changing carbon dioxide in carbon dioxide to hydrate.
FIG. 5 shows an apparatus for dissolving and isolating carbon dioxide in the sea according to the present invention, which is another embodiment different from that shown in FIG. 1; An apparatus for sedimentation by its own weight is shown below.
FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram in which water or seawater in which gas containing carbon dioxide or microbubbles of carbon dioxide is dispersed is injected into the ground by an injection device through an injection pipe buried underground.
[Explanation of symbols]
Fig. 1: 1 inverted U-shaped two pipes, 2 gas lift melting pipe, 3 settling pipe, 4 apex of inverted U-shaped pipe, 4A deaeration valve, 5 blowing pipe, 6 blowing device, 8, 9 generator, 10 , 11 turbine blades, 14, 15 control valve

Claims (16)

炭酸ガスを含む気体をマイクロバブル化して水または海水中に分散させ、前記マイクロバブルを分散した水または海水を海中に溶解させ海中に炭酸ガスを隔離するか、又は前記マイクロバブル化した炭酸ガスを地底に隔離することを特徴とする炭酸ガスの隔離方法及びその装置。The gas containing carbon dioxide gas is microbubbled and dispersed in water or seawater, and the water or seawater in which the microbubbles are dispersed is dissolved in the sea to isolate the carbon dioxide gas in the sea, or the microbubble carbon dioxide gas is dispersed. A method and apparatus for sequestering carbon dioxide, wherein the method is used to sequester underground. 炭酸ガスを含む気体をマイクロバブル化して水または海水中に分散させ、前記マイクロバブルを分散した水または海水を加圧、冷却し、マイクロバブル中の炭酸ガスを液体炭酸ガスに変化させ、又水または海水を氷に変化させ、氷の中に分散した液体炭酸ガスのマイクロ粒となし、これを深海に投棄して深海の圧力と10℃以下の温度により液体炭酸ガスのマイクロ粒を炭酸ガス・ハイドレートに変化させ、炭酸ガス・ハイドレートのマイクロ粒として安定に深海に隔離する事を特長とする炭酸ガスの隔離方法及びその装置。The gas containing carbon dioxide is converted into microbubbles and dispersed in water or seawater, and the water or seawater in which the microbubbles are dispersed is pressurized and cooled to convert the carbon dioxide in the microbubbles into liquid carbon dioxide, Alternatively, the seawater is changed to ice, and the microparticles of liquid carbon dioxide dispersed in the ice are converted to microparticles. The microparticles of liquid carbon dioxide are discarded in the deep sea, and the microparticles of liquid carbon dioxide are converted to carbon dioxide by the pressure of the deep sea and a temperature of 10 ° C. or less. A method and an apparatus for isolating carbon dioxide, characterized in that it is converted into hydrate and stably isolated in the deep sea as microparticles of carbon dioxide hydrate. 炭酸ガスを含む気体をマイクロバブル化して水または海水中に分散させ、前記マイクロバブルを分散した水または海水を加圧、冷却し、マイクロバブル中の炭酸ガスを炭酸ガス・ハイドレートに変化させ、又水または海水を氷に変化させ、氷の中に分散した炭酸ガス・ハイドレートのマイクロ粒となし、これを深海又は地底に投棄し、安定に深海又は地底に隔離する事を特長とする炭酸ガスの隔離方法及びその装置。The gas containing carbon dioxide is microbubbled and dispersed in water or seawater, the water or seawater in which the microbubbles are dispersed is pressurized and cooled, and the carbon dioxide in the microbubbles is changed to carbon dioxide hydrate, In addition, carbon dioxide is characterized by converting water or seawater into ice, forming microparticles of carbon dioxide hydrate dispersed in ice, dumping this into the deep sea or the ground, and stably isolating it in the deep sea or the ground. Gas separation method and apparatus. 請求項1、請求項2、請求項3において、前記炭酸ガスを含む気体の定義は、火力発電所の煙突等から抽出した二酸化炭素、一酸化炭素、窒素、酸素、硫黄酸化物、窒素酸化物、水蒸気および炭素微粒子等からなる煙であるか、または上記炭酸ガスを含む気体から分離した炭酸ガスである事を特徴とし、かつ二酸化炭素と一酸化炭素を総称して炭酸ガスと称することを特徴とする炭酸ガスの隔離方法及びその装置。In claim 1, claim 2, or claim 3, the definition of the gas containing carbon dioxide is defined as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur oxides, and nitrogen oxides extracted from a stack or the like of a thermal power plant. Characterized by being smoke composed of water vapor and carbon fine particles, or carbon dioxide separated from the above-mentioned gas containing carbon dioxide, and carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide being collectively referred to as carbon dioxide. And apparatus for isolating carbon dioxide. 請求項1、請求項2、及び請求項3において、水または海水中に界面活性剤を混入し、マイクロバブルと水または海水の界面に界面活性剤の分子を吸着させ、マイクロバブル同志が結合する事を妨げることを特長とする炭酸ガスの隔離方法及びその装置。In claim 1, claim 2, and claim 3, a surfactant is mixed into water or seawater, and molecules of the surfactant are adsorbed on the interface between the microbubbles and the water or seawater, and the microbubbles are bonded to each other. A method and an apparatus for sequestering carbon dioxide characterized by hindering the operation. 請求項1、請求項2、請求項3、請求項4及び請求項5において、水または海水中に塩基性炭酸ガス吸収剤、例えば炭酸カルシウム、重炭酸カルシウム、炭酸カリウム、重炭酸カリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、重炭酸ナトリウム、アミン等を混入し、マイクロバブル中の炭酸ガスの少なくとも一部を水または海水に吸収又は溶解するようにしたことを特長とする炭酸ガスの隔離方法及びその装置。In claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, claim 4, and claim 5, a basic carbon dioxide absorbent such as calcium carbonate, calcium bicarbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate is used in water or seawater. , Sodium bicarbonate, amine and the like are mixed, and at least a part of carbon dioxide in the microbubbles is absorbed or dissolved in water or seawater. 請求項1において、短脚管と長脚管とを上部で連結して逆U字状に形成した逆U字状の二管の内、短脚管をガスリフト溶解管として浅海に保持し、その下端部から炭酸ガスを含む気体のマイクロバブルを分散した水または海水を吹き込んで、その溶解管中における上記炭酸ガスを含む気体のガスリフト作用により溶解管下端から海水を流入させると共に、その内の炭酸ガス等即ち炭酸ガス、一酸化炭素、硫黄酸化物(SOx)、窒素酸化物(NOx)等が溶解管の上端に達するまでにそれを海水中に溶解させ、また上記逆U字状の二管の内、長脚管をその下端が深海に開口する沈降管として、上記炭酸ガス等の溶解により密度増加した海水を深海に重力流沈降させることを特徴とする炭酸ガス等の海中溶解隔離方法及びその装置。In Claim 1, the short leg pipe is held in shallow water as a gas lift melting pipe, of the two inverted U-shaped pipes formed by connecting the short leg pipe and the long leg pipe at the upper part to form an inverted U shape. Water or seawater in which gas microbubbles containing carbon dioxide gas are dispersed is blown from the lower end, and seawater flows from the lower end of the dissolution tube by the gas lift action of the gas containing carbon dioxide gas in the dissolution tube, and the carbon Gases such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), etc. are dissolved in seawater before reaching the upper end of the dissolving tube. Among them, a long leg pipe as a sedimentation pipe whose lower end is open to the deep sea, a method for dissolving and isolating carbon dioxide or the like in the sea, characterized in that seawater whose density has been increased by dissolution of the carbon dioxide or the like is sedimented by gravity flow in the deep sea. That device. 請求項7において、短脚管と長脚管とを上部で連結して逆U字状に形成した逆U字状の二管の内、短脚管をガスリフト溶解管として浅海に保持し、その下端部から炭酸ガスを含む気体のマイクロバブルを分散した水または海水を吹き込んで、その溶解管中における上記炭酸ガスを含む気体のガスリフト作用により溶解管下端から海水を流入させると共に、その内の炭酸ガス等即ち炭酸ガス、一酸化炭素、硫黄酸化物(SOx)、窒素酸化物(NOx)等が溶解管の上端に達するまでにそれを海水中に溶解させ、且つ溶解しなかった窒素及び酸素等を上記逆U管の頂点に設けた脱気弁を介して上方の海中に逃がし、また上記逆U字状の二管の内、長脚管をその下端が深海に開口する沈降管として、上記炭酸ガス等の溶解により密度増加した海水を深海に重力流沈降させることを特徴とする炭酸ガスの海中溶解隔離方法及びその装置。In Claim 7, the short leg pipe is held in shallow water as a gas lift melting pipe, of the two inverted U-shaped pipes formed by connecting the short leg pipe and the long leg pipe at the upper part and forming an inverted U shape. Water or seawater in which gas microbubbles containing carbon dioxide gas are dispersed is blown from the lower end, and seawater flows from the lower end of the dissolution tube by the gas lift action of the gas containing carbon dioxide gas in the dissolution tube, and the carbon Gases, such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides (SOx), and nitrogen oxides (NOx), are dissolved in seawater until they reach the upper end of the dissolving tube, and nitrogen and oxygen that are not dissolved are dissolved. Through the deaeration valve provided at the apex of the inverted U pipe into the upper sea, and, among the two inverted U-shaped pipes, a long leg pipe as a sedimentation pipe whose lower end opens into the deep sea, Seawater whose density has increased due to dissolution of carbon dioxide Underwater dissolved isolation method and apparatus of carbon dioxide gas, characterized in that to gravity flow settling in the deep sea. 請求項7及び8に記載の炭酸ガスを含む気体の海中溶解隔離装置において、沈降管の管径をガスリフト溶解管よりも大径にした、ことを特徴とする炭酸ガスの海中溶解隔離装置。9. The apparatus for dissolving and isolating carbon dioxide-containing gas in the sea according to claim 7, wherein the diameter of the settling tube is larger than that of the gas lift dissolving tube. 請求項7、請求項8または請求項9に記載の炭酸ガスを含む気体の海中溶解隔離装置において、ガスリフト溶解管及び沈降管の双方またはいずれか一方に、それらの管中の海水の流れにより回転するタービン翼を設けて、その軸を発電機に接続し、エネルギーを回収することを特徴とする炭酸ガスの海中溶解隔離装置。10. The apparatus for dissolving and isolating a gas containing carbon dioxide in the sea according to claim 7, 8 or 9, wherein the gas lift dissolution tube and / or the sedimentation tube are rotated by the flow of seawater in those tubes. An apparatus for dissolving and isolating carbon dioxide in the sea, comprising: providing turbine blades, and connecting the shaft to a generator to recover energy. 請求項7から請求項10のいずれかに記載の炭酸ガスを含む気体の海中溶解隔離装置において、ガスリフト溶解管に、逆流防止機能を有すると共にその管内の流れを制御可能な制御弁を設けたことを特徴とする炭酸ガスの海中溶解隔離装置。The apparatus for dissolving and isolating gas containing carbon dioxide in the sea according to any one of claims 7 to 10, wherein the gas lift melting pipe has a control valve having a backflow preventing function and capable of controlling the flow in the pipe. An apparatus for dissolving and isolating carbon dioxide in the sea. 請求項2、請求項3、請求項4、請求項5及び請求項6において、液体炭酸ガスのマイクロ粒又は炭酸ガス・ハイドレートのマイクロ粒を含む氷を破砕し、海上から深海にパイプを下ろし、破砕した液体炭酸ガスのマイクロ粒又は炭酸ガス・ハイドレートのマイクロ粒を含む氷を深海に投棄するか、又は炭酸ガス・ハイドレートのマイクロ粒を含む氷を地底に投棄し隔離する事を特長とする炭酸ガスの隔離方法及びその装置。In claim 2, claim 3, claim 4, claim 5, and claim 6, the ice containing micro-particles of liquid carbon dioxide or micro-particles of carbon dioxide hydrate is crushed, and a pipe is lowered from the sea to the deep sea. Disposal of ice containing micro-granules of crushed liquid carbon dioxide or micro-grain of carbon dioxide hydrate into the deep sea or dumping ice containing micro-granules of carbon dioxide hydrate to the bottom to isolate And apparatus for isolating carbon dioxide. 請求項1において、炭酸ガス等を含む気体のマイクロバブルを分散した水又は海水を地底に注入し、地底の炭層に炭酸ガスを吸着させるか、又は地底の砂層や土層に炭酸ガスを吸着又は反応させることを特徴とする炭酸ガスの隔離方法及びその装置。In claim 1, water or seawater in which gaseous microbubbles containing carbon dioxide or the like are dispersed is injected into the ground and carbon dioxide is adsorbed on a coal bed at the bottom, or carbon dioxide is adsorbed on a sand or soil layer at the bottom. A method and apparatus for sequestering carbon dioxide, characterized by reacting. 請求項1において、長脚管のみを用い、長脚管をガス溶解管としてその上端部を海面又は海面近くに保持し、その下端部を深海に開口するようにして、その上端部から炭酸ガスのマイクロバブルを分散した海水を吹き込んで、溶解管中における上記炭酸ガスの海水への溶解作用により密度増加した海水を深海に重力流沈降させることを特徴とする炭酸ガスの海中溶解隔離方法及び装置。In claim 1, only the long leg tube is used, the long leg tube is used as a gas dissolving tube, the upper end is held at or near the sea surface, and the lower end is opened to the deep sea. A method and an apparatus for dissolving and isolating carbon dioxide in the sea, characterized by blowing seawater in which microbubbles are dispersed, and causing gravity-sedimentation of the seawater, whose density has been increased by the action of dissolving the carbon dioxide in the seawater in the dissolution tube, to the deep sea. . 請求項14において、長脚管の海面又は海面近くの管内に、モーターにより回転力を得るタービン翼を設け、炭酸ガスのマイクロバブルを分散した海水を長脚管の下方に向けて圧送することを特徴とする炭酸ガスの海中溶解隔離方法及び装置。In claim 14, a turbine blade that obtains a rotational force by a motor is provided in a sea surface of the long leg tube or in a tube near the sea surface, and seawater in which microbubbles of carbon dioxide are dispersed is pumped downward of the long leg tube. A method and apparatus for dissolving and isolating carbon dioxide in the sea. 請求項15において、長脚管の海面又は海面近くの管内に設けた、モーターにより回転力を得るタービン翼と、長脚管の深海に開口する開口端との間の任意の部分の管内に、重力により沈降する海水によって回転力を得るタービン翼を設けて、その軸を発電機に接続し、エネルギーを回収することを特徴とする炭酸ガスの海中溶解隔離装置。In claim 15, a pipe provided at an arbitrary portion between a turbine blade, which is provided in a pipe at or near the sea surface of the long leg pipe and which obtains rotational force by a motor, and an open end of the long leg pipe that opens into the deep sea, An underwater carbon dioxide dissolving and isolating apparatus characterized in that turbine blades that obtain rotational force by seawater settling by gravity are provided, the shaft of which is connected to a generator, and energy is recovered.
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