JP2004049361A - Artificial pumice and using of the same - Google Patents
Artificial pumice and using of the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2004049361A JP2004049361A JP2002208296A JP2002208296A JP2004049361A JP 2004049361 A JP2004049361 A JP 2004049361A JP 2002208296 A JP2002208296 A JP 2002208296A JP 2002208296 A JP2002208296 A JP 2002208296A JP 2004049361 A JP2004049361 A JP 2004049361A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- pumice
- weight
- detergent
- artificial
- artificial pumice
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 102000011782 Keratins Human genes 0.000 description 10
- 108010076876 Keratins Proteins 0.000 description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycine betaine Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002781 deodorant agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- -1 dip Chemical compound 0.000 description 5
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000011538 cleaning material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000005211 alkyl trimethyl ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000004299 exfoliation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229940070765 laurate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- HLERILKGMXJNBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N norvaline betaine Chemical compound CCCC(C([O-])=O)[N+](C)(C)C HLERILKGMXJNBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940045870 sodium palmitate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- GGXKEBACDBNFAF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;hexadecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O GGXKEBACDBNFAF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PRAKJMSDJKAYCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N squalane Chemical compound CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C PRAKJMSDJKAYCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- PFTAWBLQPZVEMU-DZGCQCFKSA-N (+)-catechin Chemical compound C1([C@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C3C[C@@H]2O)=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 PFTAWBLQPZVEMU-DZGCQCFKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940058015 1,3-butylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XPALGXXLALUMLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC(N(C)C)C(O)=O XPALGXXLALUMLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000206761 Bacillariophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Disodium Chemical compound [Na][Na] QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HPTYUNKZVDYXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;trihydroxy(trihydroxysilyloxy)silane;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al].[Al].O[Si](O)(O)O[Si](O)(O)O HPTYUNKZVDYXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013871 bee wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012166 beeswax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940092738 beeswax Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YSJGOMATDFSEED-UHFFFAOYSA-M behentrimonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C YSJGOMATDFSEED-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019437 butane-1,3-diol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ADRVNXBAWSRFAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechin Natural products OC1Cc2cc(O)cc(O)c2OC1c3ccc(O)c(O)c3 ADRVNXBAWSRFAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000005487 catechin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229950001002 cianidanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001649 dickite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RSHHCURRBLAGFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethyl-di(tetradecyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCC RSHHCURRBLAGFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- REZZEXDLIUJMMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethyldioctadecylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC REZZEXDLIUJMMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004664 distearyldimethylammonium chloride (DHTDMAC) Substances 0.000 description 1
- ILRSCQWREDREME-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O ILRSCQWREDREME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DDXLVDQZPFLQMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecyl(trimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C DDXLVDQZPFLQMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930003935 flavonoid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000017173 flavonoids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002215 flavonoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052621 halloysite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940057995 liquid paraffin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 229940105132 myristate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JXTPJDDICSTXJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Triacontane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC JXTPJDDICSTXJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DVEKCXOJTLDBFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-dodecyl-n,n-dimethylglycinate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O DVEKCXOJTLDBFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZHALDANPYXAMJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoate;tris(2-hydroxyethyl)azanium Chemical compound OCC[NH+](CCO)CCO.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O ZHALDANPYXAMJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003002 pH adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052903 pyrophyllite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003385 sodium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium octadecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940032094 squalane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940029614 triethanolamine stearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003871 white petrolatum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Body Washing Hand Wipes And Brushes (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、人造軽石の製造方法及び該方法によって得られる人造軽石に関する。さらに、本発明は洗浄料を含む人造軽石及びその製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来より、垢すりや皮膚の角質を除去する洗浄具としてヘチマたわしや軽石が使用されている。このうち、軽石は酸性マグマが固結して形成された比較的目の粗い無数の気孔を含む多孔質体であり、角質を掻き取る効果は優れるものの、肌当たりが強すぎるため使用感が悪く、また過度な掻き取りによって肌荒れやひっかき傷の原因となるという問題がある。このため、最近では、肌当たりの優しい人造軽石や軽石たわしが多く提案されている。例えば、(1)シラス等の天然原料を加熱して発泡させてバルーン状にして、これを圧縮成形したもの、(2)天然軽石素材の粉末と発泡スチロールなどの樹脂剤との混合体を圧縮成形して固めたもの、または(3)天然軽石素材の粉末とスチロール樹脂との混合物を所定形状の型枠に充填成形し、焼成と同時にスチロール樹脂を燃焼させて気孔を形成させたものなどを挙げることができる。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、従来の軽石や人造軽石はいずれも、それ自体抗菌性がないことに加えて、使用によって孔内に垢や脱落した皮膚が残存するため、カビや菌の繁殖床になり、極めて不衛生になるという問題がある。
【0004】
本発明は、従来の軽石と同様の皮膚角質の掻き取り性を保持しつつも、皮膚に比較的優しい人造軽石を提供することを目的とする。さらに、内部に洗浄料を含有しよりマイルドな使用感で角質除去できる洗浄料含有軽石の原料として有用な人造軽石を提供する。さらに本発明は、当該人造軽石を原料として調製される洗浄料含有軽石を提供することを目的とする。当該洗浄料含有軽石は、使用時に洗浄料が溶出し使用感に優れるとともに、抗菌性を備えるため、カビや菌の繁殖を抑制して、軽石を衛生的に保つことができる。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記課題を解決した人造軽石を開発すべく、鋭意検討を重ねたところ、フラアッシュ、珪藻土、粘度及び焼成成分を所定の割合で配合混合して調製される成形物を、焼成して得られる多孔質体が本発明の所望の性質を備えることを見いだした。
【0006】
本発明はかかる知見に基づいて開発されたものであり、具体的には下記の態様を包含するものである。
項1.35〜60重量%のフライアッシュ、35〜60重量%の珪藻土、及び3〜30重量%の粘土を含有する組成物100重量%に対して、焼成成分を外割りで10〜40重量%の割合で配合し混合する工程、得られた混合物を成形する工程、及び得られた成形物を焼成する工程を有する人造軽石の製造方法。
項2.35〜60重量%のフライアッシュ、35〜60重量%の珪藻土、及び3〜30重量%の粘土を含有する組成物100重量%に対して、焼成成分を外割りで10〜40重量%の割合で配合し混合する工程、得られた混合物を成形する工程、及び得られた成形物を焼成する工程を経て調製される人造軽石。
項3.洗浄料を含有する項2に記載される人造軽石。
項4.項2に記載の人造軽石を液状の洗浄料を含浸させる工程及び冷却固化する工程を有する項3に記載の人造軽石の製造方法。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
(1)人造軽石及びその製造方法
本発明の人造軽石は、フライアッシュ、珪藻土、粘土及び焼成成分を混合し、成形し、次いで焼成することによって得られるものである。
【0008】
フライアッシュは、石炭火力発電所のボイラーより発生する高温の燃焼ガス中に含まれる球形微細粒子であり、集塵機によって捕集される微粉である。本発明においてはJIS A 6201に規定の品質適合の有無を問わず、フライアッシュと称されるものを広く使用することができる。なお、JISによると、フライアッシュは、比重≧1.95、比表面積(cm2/g)≧2400、圧縮強度比(%)28d≧60、91d≧70、化学成分(%)強熱減量≦5、湿分≦1、SiO2 ≧45であることが規定されている。また、長瀧重義ら(セメント・コンクリート、No.472,14 (1986))によると、30カ所のフライアッシュの物理的性質と化学組成は下記の範囲にあったことが記載されている:比重2.46〜2.02、比表面積(cm2/g)5180〜2900、単位水量比(%)102〜97、圧縮強度比(%)28d 77.7〜63.8、91d 92.6〜67.8、化学成分(%)強熱減量11.3〜1.4、湿分0.3〜0.0、SiO2 74.4〜39.8、Al2O3 34.6〜18.5、Fe2O3 17.2〜1.4、CaO 10.0〜0.3。
【0009】
本発明に用いられるフライアッシュの一例としては、フライアッシュ100重量%中にSiO2を37〜55重量%、Al2O3を27〜37重量%、及びFe2O3を4〜6.5重量%の割合で含むもの、好ましくはSiO2を40〜50重量%、Al2O3を30〜33重量%、及びFe2O3を4.5〜5.5重量%の割合で含むものを挙げることができる。また、本発明で用いられるフライアッシュは、バルーン孔径が0.2〜30μm、好ましくは0.5〜15μmの範囲にあることが望ましい。さらにタッピング密度が0.2〜0.4g/cm3 の範囲にあることが好ましい。なお、バルーンとは中が空洞である球状粒子のことであり、タッピング密度とは粒子のかさ比重のことである。
【0010】
珪藻土は、ケイソウとよばれる単細胞藻類の遺骸が堆積して形成された灰色若しくは白色の土である。一般にSiO2を78〜94%、Al2O3を0.3〜15%の割合で含み、多孔質体であって高い吸着性及び吸湿性(吸水性)を有することが知られている。本発明においては、産出地の別、淡水産と海水産の別、未処理、精製物及び焼成物の別を問わず、珪藻土と称されるものを広く使用することができる。またコンロや耐火耐熱レンガの製造工程で排出される珪藻土の焼成粉末を使用することもできる。なお、本発明で用いられる珪藻土は、タッピング密度が0.25〜0.35g/cm3 の範囲にあることが好ましい。
【0011】
本発明で用いられる粘土は、可塑性と耐火性を有するものであれば特に制限されない。好ましくは1000℃以上での焼成に対して耐火性を有するものである。これらの粘土としては、カオリナイト、ディップ、カオリナイト、ディッカイト、ハロサイト、パイロフィライト、またはアルミニウム質粘土鉱物を主体とした粘土を挙げることができる。
【0012】
具体的には、本発明で用いられる粘土には、カオリンなどの一次粘土、木節粘土及び蛙目粘土等の二次粘土が含まれる。好ましくは木節粘土である。なお、粘土の構成成分としては、SiO2、Al2O3、Fe2O3、TiO2、CaO、MgO、K2O、Na2Oが知られている。
【0013】
これらフライアッシュ、珪藻土及び粘土の各配合割合としては、これらの3成分の合計量を100重量%(乾燥重量、以下同じ)とした場合に、フライアッシュ35〜60重量%、好ましくは40〜55重量%、より好ましくは40〜50重量%;珪藻土35〜60重量%、好ましくは40〜55重量%、より好ましくは40〜50重量%;粘土3〜30重量%、好ましくは4〜20重量%、より好ましくは5〜10重量%である。
【0014】
ここでフライアッシュと珪藻土の配合比率(乾燥重量比率)としては、フラアッシュ100重量部に対して珪藻土が58〜170重量部、好ましくは71〜140重量部、より好ましくは100重量部となる割合を挙げることができる。フライアッシュ100重量部に対して珪藻土の配合割合が58重量部より著しく少ないと、成形後の機械的強度が弱く、取り扱いが困難となり、また高温で焼結する必要が生じるため好ましくない。一方、フライアッシュ100重量部に対して珪藻土の配合割合が170重量部を大きく超えると、成形時に成形金型に付着しやすくなり脱形が困難となり、また軽石に割れが生じやすくなるため好ましくない。
【0015】
又、フライアッシュと珪藻土の混合物に対する粘土の配合比率(乾燥重量比率)としては、フライアッシュと珪藻土の混合物100重量部に対して粘土が3〜43重量部、好ましくは3〜18重量部、より好ましくは3〜9重量部となる割合を挙げることができる。フライアッシュと珪藻土の混合物100重量部に対して粘土の割合が3重量部より著しく少ないと、成形が困難となり好ましくない。一方、フライアッシュと珪藻土の混合物100重量部に対して粘土の割合が43重量部を大きく越えると、軽石の見掛気孔率が低下するため好ましくない。
【0016】
本発明で用いられる焼成成分とは、本発明の人造軽石の製造の焼成工程で燃えて消失する固体成分を意味する。具体的には1000℃以上の焼成により燃焼し消失する固形成分であればよく、例えばおがくず、籾殻、プラスチック、種子、コーヒー滓等の各種の有機質材料を挙げることができる。好ましくは廃棄物の有効利用の観点から、籾殻、PETの破砕物、種子、コーヒー滓、より好ましくはコーヒー滓である。なお、これらの有機質材料は、好ましくは粒径(直径)が0.1〜1.5mmの範囲にあること、好ましくは0.1〜1.2mm、より好ましくは0.1〜0.8mmの範囲にあることが望ましく、必要に応じて、当該粒径となるように粉砕して用いることが好ましい。
【0017】
これらの焼成成分は、上記フライアッシュ、珪藻土及び粘土の混合物の乾燥重量100重量部に対して10〜40重量部(乾燥重量)の割合で用いることができる。好ましくは20〜40重量部、より好ましくは27〜33重量部である。10重量部より少なくなりすぎると焼成して調製される人造軽石の見掛気孔率が低下して所望量の洗浄料が担持できず、また40重量部より多くなりすぎると軽石原料を混合した際に可塑性が低下して成形が困難になるとともに、焼成して調製される人造軽石の見掛気孔率が高くなり所望の強度を有しなくなるため好ましくない。
【0018】
本発明の人造軽石は、上記の成分を上記の割合で混合し、成形後、焼成することによって調製することができる。なお、各成分の混合に際しては、必要に応じて水を添加することもできる。上記成分を混合する際に水を添加する場合、その水の添加量については、特に制限されないが、例えばフライアッシュ、珪藻土及び粘土の混合物の乾燥重量100重量部に対して、30〜55重量部、好ましくは30〜45重量部、さらに好ましくは35〜40重量部の範囲を挙げることができる。
【0019】
成形は、混合して調製した軽石原料組成物を成形金型に充填し圧縮成形する方法(プレス成形法)、押出成形する方法、及び鋳込成形する方法など特に制限されず、任意の方法を使用することができる。好ましくはプレス成形法である。成形形態も特に制限されず、石鹸型(楕円球形)、フットボール形、球形、立方形、板状などを広く挙げることができる。
【0020】
焼成は、成形された軽石原料組成物を1000〜1400℃の温度、好ましくは1000〜1300℃で、少なくとも15時間、好ましくは18〜22時間、燃焼することによって実施することができる。なお、焼成にあたり、予め、成形された軽石原料組成物を乾燥工程に供してもよい。
【0021】
斯くして調製される人造軽石は、原料として用いる珪藻土が本来有する微孔に加えて、焼成成分が燃焼消失することによって形成される連続または独立した孔を、内部から表面の軽石全体に亘って備えている。さらにかかる焼成成分によって形成された孔は、原料成分、特に珪藻土が本来有する微孔に連通し、結果として人造軽石には縦横無尽に連続または独立した大小の孔が張り巡らされた状態となっている。このため、本発明の人造軽石は洗浄液を内部から表面にかけて全体に亘り含浸し易く、しかも微孔まで入るため、直ちに溶出、脱逸することがなく、徐々に溶出させることができるという特性を備える。本発明の軽石は、特に制限されないが、見掛気孔率として5〜80%、好ましくは30〜70%、より好ましくは40〜60%を備えていることが好ましい。
【0022】
なお、見掛気孔率は下式の空隙部分と物質との量的関係を示す物性である。
【0023】
【数1】
【0024】
本発明においては、当該見掛気孔率は「耐火れんがの見掛気孔率・吸水率・比重の測定方法」JIS R 2205−1992に従って、下式によって求めることができる。
【0025】
【数2】
【0026】
なお、ここで乾燥試料の質量、飽水試料の水中質量及び飽水試料の質量はいずれも上記JIS R 2205−1992に規定される方法に従って測定することができる。
【0027】
さらに、本発明の人造軽石は、圧縮強さが50kg以上と、軽石として最低限要求される耐破砕性及び耐摩耗性を保有していることが望ましい。好ましくは60kg以上、より好ましくは85kg以上である。ここで圧縮強さは「耐火レンガの圧縮強さの試験方法」JIS R2206に従って測定することができ、当該方法によって測定し得られる値をいう。
【0028】
このため、本発明はそのままの状態で軽石として垢すりや皮膚の角質除去に使用できるとともに、洗浄料を含浸させた状態で洗浄料含有人造軽石として提供することもできる。
【0029】
(2)洗浄料含有人造軽石
本発明は、洗浄料含有人造軽石を提供する。
【0030】
本発明の洗浄料含有人造軽石は、上記の本発明の軽石を液体状態に調製した洗浄料に浸漬し含浸させ、次いで冷却固化することによって調製することができる。
【0031】
ここで用いられる洗浄料としては、洗浄成分を含有するものであって、上記の調製が可能であれば特に制限されない。
【0032】
本発明で用いられる洗浄料は、洗浄成分として界面活性剤を1種単独若しくは2種以上を組み合わせて含有することができる。界面活性剤としては、特に制限されずカチオン界面活性剤、アニオン界面活性剤、ノニオン界面活性剤、及び両性界面活性剤のいずれをも使用することができる。
【0033】
さらに洗浄料は、上記性質を損なわない範囲で、殺菌・抗菌剤、起泡剤、粘度調整剤、香料、着色料、pH調整剤、消臭・防臭剤、及び希釈剤を含有していてもよい。
【0034】
ここで殺菌・抗菌剤としては、アルキルトリメチルアンモニウムクロリド、アルキルベンジルジメチルアンモニウムクロリド等の4級アンモニウム塩型のカチオン界面活性剤;N−アルキルベタインやアルキルベタイン(例えば、ラウリルジメチルアミノ酢酸ベタイン、ヤシ油アルキルベタイン、ラウリン酸アミドプロピルベタイン、ヤシ油脂肪酸プロピルベタイン、2−アルキル−N−カルボキシメチル−N−ヒドロキシエチルイミダゾリニウムベタインなど)等のベタイン型の両性界面活性剤を挙げることができる。
【0035】
具体的な殺菌剤として、アルキルトリメチルアンモニウムクロリドとしては、ラウリルトリメチルアンモニウムクロライドやベヘニルトリメチルアンモニウムクロライドを、アルキルベンジルジメチルアンモニウムクロリドとしては、ジミリスチルジメチルアンモニウムクロライドやジステアリルジメチルアンモニウムクロライドを挙げることができる。
【0036】
また起泡剤としてはラウリル硫酸ナトリウム、ラウリル酸ジエタノールアミド並びに炭素数12〜18の脂肪酸塩、具体的にはラウリン酸塩、ステアリ酸塩、パルミチン酸塩及びミリスチン酸塩を挙げることができる。なお、ここで脂肪酸の塩としては、ナトリウム及びカリウムなどの脂肪酸のアルカリ金属塩、及び脂肪酸亜鉛を挙げることができる。
【0037】
さらに粘度調整剤としては、グリセリン、ひまし油、スクワラン、パルミチン酸、白色ワセリン、ミツロウ、流動パラフィン、1,3−ブチレングリコール等を;pH調整剤としては、塩酸、酢酸、クエン酸、硫酸、水酸化ナトリウム、アンモニア等を;また消臭・防臭剤としてはカテキンやフラボノイド等の天然系消臭剤並びにラウリルジメチルアミノ酢酸ベタインなどのベタイン系消臭剤を挙げることができる。また希釈剤としては水、及びエタノールなどのアルコールを挙げることができる。
【0038】
本発明で用いる洗浄料は、加熱することにより液状とすることができ、冷却することにより固化するような性質を有するものである。より具体的には洗浄料は25℃以下、好ましくは35℃以下、より好ましくは40℃以下、さらに好ましくは45℃以下で固体状を有し、また50〜300℃の範囲における温度での加熱で、好ましくは50〜200℃、より好ましくは50〜150℃、さらに好ましくは50〜100℃、さらに好ましくは55〜80℃の範囲における温度での加熱で液体状を呈することが望ましい。
【0039】
本発明の洗浄料含有人造軽石は、好ましくは上記洗浄料を加温して液状とし、これに本発明の人造軽石を浸漬して洗浄料を含浸させ、次いで冷却固化することによって調製することができる。
【0040】
ここで洗浄料の加温条件は、洗浄料が溶融して液状になる温度であれば特に制限されない。通常、洗浄料の融点(50〜350℃)前後またはそれ以上の温度を挙げることができる。人造軽石の浸漬温度は、洗浄料が溶融状態を保持する温度であれば特に制限されない。通常、洗浄料の融点(50〜350℃)前後またはそれ以上の温度を挙げることができる。なお浸漬時間は、洗浄料が本発明の人造軽石に含浸されることを限度に特に制限されない。通常30秒間〜1時間、好ましくは1分間〜15分間を例示することができる。固化条件は、洗浄料が固化する温度条件下に配置しておけばよく、具体的には、常温以下、具体的には略25℃以下の条件下に配置されることが好ましい。
【0041】
【発明の効果】
本発明の人造軽石は、皮膚洗浄具としての使用に耐えうる強度(耐破砕性と耐摩耗性)を備え、しかも軽石内部から表面にかけて全体に亘って形成された連続または独立した孔により、洗浄料を保有し、保有した洗浄料を使用に際して溶出することができるという特徴を備えている。このため、本発明の人造軽石は、洗浄料含浸軽石を調製する原料軽石として有効に使用することができる。さらに本発明の人造軽石は、産業廃棄物であるフライアッシュ、珪藻土(コンロ及び断熱レンガ製造時に排出される珪藻土)、木くず、籾殻またはコーヒー滓等の焼成成分を利用して調製できるため、安価に製造することができるとともに産業廃棄物の有効利用という観点からも有用である。
【0042】
さらに、本発明の洗浄料含浸軽石は、表面の孔による凹凸により垢擦り及び角質除去効果に優れるとともに、内部に洗浄料を保有しているため、洗浄使用時に洗浄料が溶出する。このため、従来より角質除去具として用いられている軽石よりも肌を滑らかに擦ることができ、よりマイルドな使用感で角質を除去することができる。さらに、洗浄料を含有することにより孔内でのカビや微生物の繁殖を抑制することができ、より衛生的な洗浄具(角質除去具)として提供することができる。
【0043】
【実施例】
以下、実施例を挙げて本発明をより詳細に説明する。ただし、本発明はこれらの実施例によって限定されることはない。なお、下記の実施例において特に言及する場合を除いて、%とは重量%を、また部とは重量部を意味するものとする。
【0044】
実施例1〜4
表1に記載の組成からなる軽石を調製した。具体的には、フライアッシュ(組成SiO2 45.6%、Al2O3 31.83%、Fe2O3 5.25%;バルーン孔径0.2〜30μm;タッピング密度0.2〜0.4g/cm3)、珪藻土、粘土、有機質材料及び水を表1に記載する配合割合で混合し、石鹸の形状を有する金型に充填して、40gf/cm2で加圧して圧縮成形した。金型から取り出した成形物を、次いで電気炉に入れて、1200℃で20時間、焼成した。得られた人造軽石について、重量、圧縮強さ、見掛気孔率を調べた。なお、圧縮強さは「耐火レンガの圧縮強さの試験方法」JIS R2206、に従って測定し、また見掛気孔率は「耐火れんがの見掛気孔率・吸水率・比重の測定方法」JIS R 2205−1992に従って測定した。結果を表1に示す。
【0045】
【表1】
【0046】
得られた人造軽石に下記の処方からなる洗浄料を含浸させて、洗浄料含有軽石を調製した。なお、この洗浄料は、25℃で固体状を、65℃で液体状を呈するものである。具体的には、下記の成分を容器の中で混合して、80℃に加温して液状にし、該洗浄溶液中に上記軽石(実施例1〜4)をいれて、2分間浸漬放置した(80℃)。2分後、軽石を取り出し、室温(略25℃)で固化させて洗浄料含有軽石を調製した(実施例1’〜4’)。
【0047】
<洗浄料処方>
パルミチン酸ナトリウム 22(%)
ステアリン酸トリエタノールアミン 12
Nステロイル−L−グルタミン酸ジナトリウム 15
グリセリン 6
エタノール 16
ショ糖 10
水 19
合 計 100 %。
【0048】
得られた洗浄料含有軽石(実施例1’、2’、3’及び4’)について、(1)洗浄料含浸性、(2)洗浄料保持力(洗浄料の滲出性)及び(3)角質掻き取り性について評価した。
【0049】
(1) 洗浄料含浸性
洗浄料含浸性は、下式により軽石100重量%に対する含浸洗浄料の割合(含浸%)を算出する方法と、得られた洗浄料含有軽石を中央で割りその断面から軽石の気孔中の洗浄料の充填程度を目視により評価する方法(目視含浸性)との2つの方法により評価をした。
【0050】
【数3】
【0051】
なお、目視含浸性の評価は下記の基準に従って行った。
<評価基準>
○:洗浄料の含浸%が70%以上
△:洗浄料の含浸%が50%以上70%未満
×:洗浄料の含浸%が50%未満。
【0052】
(2) 洗浄料保持力(洗浄料の滲出性)
洗浄料含有軽石の洗浄料保持力(洗浄料の滲出性)は、洗浄料含有軽石を水に濡らし、ガラス瓶に入れ、40℃、75RH%条件下で24時間放置した後の該軽石からの洗浄料の滲み出しを下記の基準に従って目視確認し、評価した。
<評価基準>
○:軽石の表面に、洗浄料の滲み出しが殆ど見られない
△:軽石の表面に、洗浄料の滲み出しがやや見られる
×:軽石の表面に、洗浄料の滲み出しがかなり見られる。
(3) 角質掻き取り性
洗浄料含有軽石を実際にパネラー10名にかかとの角質除去に使用してもらい、下記の基準に従って評価してもらった。
<評価基準>
1:角質除去効果あり
2:角質除去効果ややあり
3:どちらともいえない
4:角質除去効果はあまりない
5:角質除去効果なし。
【0053】
これらのパネラーの評価を総計して、下記の基準により洗浄料組成物含有多孔質材の角質掻き取り性を評価した。
<総合評価基準>
○:1及び2と回答した人数が全体の70%以上
△:1及び2と回答した人数が全体の50%以上70%未満
×:1及び2と回答した人数が全体の50%未満。
【0054】
結果を表2に示す。
【0055】
【表2】
【0056】
表2から分かるように、実施例1’から4’の洗浄料含有軽石は、優れた洗浄料含浸性、洗浄料保持力及び角質掻き取り性を備えており、角質除去具として有用であることが確認された。
【0057】
実施例5〜8
実施例1〜4で得られた人造軽石に、それぞれ下記の処方からなる洗浄料を含浸させて、洗浄料含有軽石を調製した(実施例5〜8)。なお、この洗浄料は、常温(20℃)で固体状を250〜300℃で液体状を呈するものである。具体的には、下記の成分を容器の中で混合して、300℃に加温して液状にし、該洗浄溶液中に上記軽石(実施例1〜4)をいれて、2分間浸漬放置した(300℃)。2分後、軽石を取り出し、室温(略25℃)で固化させて洗浄料含有軽石を調製した。
【0058】
<洗浄料処方>
ステアリン酸ナトリウム 40.00(%)
パルミチン酸ナトリウム 42.00
塩化ナトリウム 15 0.20
EDTA・2Na 0.05
グリセリン 0.75
水 17 . 00
合 計 100.00 %[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing artificial pumice and an artificial pumice obtained by the method. Further, the present invention relates to an artificial pumice containing a cleaning agent and a method for producing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, luff scourers and pumice stones have been used as cleaning tools for removing scaling and skin keratin. Among them, pumice is a porous body containing innumerable pores formed by consolidation of acidic magma, and has an excellent effect of scraping off keratin, but the feeling of use is poor because the skin contact is too strong In addition, there is a problem that excessive scraping may cause rough skin and scratches. For this reason, many artificial pumice stones and pumice scrubbers with gentle skin contact have recently been proposed. For example, (1) a natural raw material such as shirasu is heated and foamed to form a balloon, which is compression-molded, and (2) a mixture of a powder of a natural pumice material and a resin agent such as styrene foam is compression-molded. And (3) a mixture of a natural pumice material powder and a styrene resin, which is filled into a mold having a predetermined shape, and fired at the same time as firing to form pores by burning the styrene resin. be able to.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, both conventional pumice and artificial pumice have no antimicrobial properties themselves, and because of their use, they leave dirt and fallen skin in the pores. Problem.
[0004]
An object of the present invention is to provide an artificial pumice that is relatively gentle on the skin while maintaining the same keratin scraping properties as conventional pumice. Further, the present invention provides artificial pumice which is useful as a raw material of a detergent-containing pumice which contains a detergent therein and which can remove keratin with a milder feeling of use. A further object of the present invention is to provide a detergent-containing pumice prepared using the artificial pumice as a raw material. The detergent-containing pumice is used when the detergent is eluted during use and is excellent in feeling of use, and since it has antibacterial properties, the growth of mold and fungi can be suppressed and the pumice can be kept hygienic.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have conducted intensive studies in order to develop an artificial pumice that has solved the above-mentioned problems.As a result, a molded product prepared by mixing and mixing flour ash, diatomaceous earth, viscosity and a calcination component in a predetermined ratio, It has been found that the porous body obtained by firing has the desired properties of the present invention.
[0006]
The present invention has been developed based on such knowledge, and specifically includes the following embodiments.
Item 1. The calcination component is 10 to 40% by weight based on 100% by weight of a composition containing 35 to 60% by weight of fly ash, 35 to 60% by weight of diatomaceous earth, and 3 to 30% by weight of clay. %. A method for producing artificial pumice, which comprises a step of blending and mixing at a ratio of%, a step of molding the obtained mixture, and a step of firing the obtained molded article.
Item 2. 10 to 40% by weight of the calcination component is externally added to 100% by weight of a composition containing 35 to 60% by weight of fly ash, 35 to 60% by weight of diatomaceous earth, and 3 to 30% by weight of clay. % Artificial pumice prepared through a step of blending and mixing at a ratio of%, a step of molding the obtained mixture, and a step of firing the obtained molded article.
Item 3. Item 4. An artificial pumice according to Item 2, which contains a cleaning agent.
Item 4. Item 4. The method for producing an artificial pumice according to Item 3, comprising a step of impregnating the artificial pumice with a liquid detergent and a step of cooling and solidifying the artificial pumice according to Item 2.
[0007]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
(1) Artificial pumice and its production method The artificial pumice of the present invention is obtained by mixing fly ash, diatomaceous earth, clay and a calcination component, molding and then calcination.
[0008]
Fly ash is spherical fine particles contained in high-temperature combustion gas generated from a boiler of a coal-fired power plant, and is fine powder collected by a dust collector. In the present invention, fly ash can be widely used regardless of whether or not the quality conforms to JIS A 6201. According to JIS, fly ash has specific gravity ≧ 1.95, specific surface area (cm 2 / g) ≧ 2400, compressive strength ratio (%) 28d ≧ 60, 91d ≧ 70, chemical component (%) ignition loss ≦ 5, it is specified that the moisture content ≦ 1 and the SiO 2 ≧ 45. According to Shigeyoshi Nagataki et al. (Cement and Concrete, No. 472, 14 (1986)), it was described that the physical properties and chemical composition of 30 places of fly ash were in the following range: specific gravity 2.46 to 2.02, specific surface area (cm 2 / g) 5180 to 2900, unit water amount ratio (%) 102 to 97, compressive strength ratio (%) 28d 77.7 to 63.8, 91d 92.6 to 67.8, chemical composition (%) loss on ignition from 11.3 to 1.4, moisture 0.3~0.0, SiO 2 74.4~39.8, Al 2 O 3 34.6~18. 5, Fe 2 O 3 17.2~1.4, CaO 10.0~0.3.
[0009]
As an example of the fly ash used in the present invention, the SiO 2 37-55 wt% to the fly ash 100 wt%, the Al 2 O 3 27 to 37 wt%, and Fe 2 O 3 4 to 6.5 those containing at a ratio of weight percent, preferably those containing SiO 2 40 to 50 wt%, the Al 2 O 3 30 to 33 wt%, and Fe 2 O 3 in a proportion of 4.5 to 5.5 wt% Can be mentioned. The fly ash used in the present invention preferably has a balloon pore diameter in the range of 0.2 to 30 μm, preferably 0.5 to 15 μm. Further, the tapping density is preferably in the range of 0.2 to 0.4 g / cm 3 . The balloon is a spherical particle having a hollow inside, and the tapping density is a bulk specific gravity of the particle.
[0010]
Diatomaceous earth is gray or white soil formed by the accumulation of remains of unicellular algae called diatoms. In general, it is known that the porous body contains SiO 2 at a rate of 78 to 94% and Al 2 O 3 at a rate of 0.3 to 15%, and has a high adsorptivity and a high hygroscopicity (water absorbency). In the present invention, what is called diatomaceous earth can be widely used irrespective of the origin, freshwater and seawater, untreated, purified and calcined. It is also possible to use diatomaceous earth fired powder that is discharged in the manufacturing process of a stove or a fire-resistant brick. The diatomaceous earth used in the present invention preferably has a tapping density in the range of 0.25 to 0.35 g / cm 3 .
[0011]
The clay used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has plasticity and fire resistance. Preferably, it has fire resistance to firing at 1000 ° C. or higher. Examples of these clays include kaolinite, dip, kaolinite, dickite, halloysite, pyrophyllite, or clay mainly composed of aluminum clay minerals.
[0012]
Specifically, the clay used in the present invention includes primary clay such as kaolin, and secondary clay such as Kibushi clay and Frogme clay. Preferably, it is Kibushi clay. In addition, as constituent components of clay, SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , Fe 2 O 3 , TiO 2 , CaO, MgO, K 2 O, and Na 2 O are known.
[0013]
As for the mixing ratio of these fly ash, diatomaceous earth and clay, when the total amount of these three components is 100% by weight (dry weight, the same applies hereinafter), fly ash is 35 to 60% by weight, preferably 40 to 55%. % By weight, more preferably 40 to 50% by weight; diatomaceous earth 35 to 60% by weight, preferably 40 to 55% by weight, more preferably 40 to 50% by weight; clay 3 to 30% by weight, preferably 4 to 20% by weight , More preferably 5 to 10% by weight.
[0014]
Here, the blending ratio (dry weight ratio) of fly ash and diatomaceous earth is such that diatomaceous earth is 58 to 170 parts by weight, preferably 71 to 140 parts by weight, and more preferably 100 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of hula ash. Can be mentioned. If the blending ratio of diatomaceous earth is significantly less than 58 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of fly ash, the mechanical strength after molding becomes weak, handling becomes difficult, and sintering at a high temperature is not preferred, which is not preferable. On the other hand, if the blending ratio of diatomaceous earth is significantly greater than 170 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of fly ash, the diatomaceous earth is likely to adhere to the molding die during molding, making demolding difficult, and also causing pumice stones to be easily cracked. .
[0015]
Further, as a compounding ratio (dry weight ratio) of the clay to the mixture of fly ash and diatomaceous earth, the clay is 3 to 43 parts by weight, preferably 3 to 18 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the mixture of fly ash and diatomaceous earth. A preferred ratio is 3 to 9 parts by weight. If the proportion of the clay is significantly less than 3 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the mixture of fly ash and diatomaceous earth, molding becomes difficult, which is not preferable. On the other hand, if the proportion of the clay greatly exceeds 43 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the mixture of fly ash and diatomaceous earth, the apparent porosity of pumice is undesirably reduced.
[0016]
The calcined component used in the present invention means a solid component which burns and disappears in the calcining step of the production of the artificial pumice of the present invention. Specifically, any solid component that burns and disappears by firing at 1000 ° C. or higher may be used, and examples thereof include various organic materials such as sawdust, rice husk, plastic, seeds, and coffee grounds. From the viewpoint of effective use of waste, rice hulls, crushed PET, seeds, coffee grounds, and more preferably coffee grounds are preferred. These organic materials preferably have a particle size (diameter) in the range of 0.1 to 1.5 mm, preferably 0.1 to 1.2 mm, more preferably 0.1 to 0.8 mm. It is desirable to be within the range, and if necessary, it is preferable to use it after pulverizing it to the particle size.
[0017]
These calcined components can be used in a proportion of 10 to 40 parts by weight (dry weight) based on 100 parts by weight of the dry weight of the above-mentioned mixture of fly ash, diatomaceous earth and clay. Preferably it is 20 to 40 parts by weight, more preferably 27 to 33 parts by weight. If the amount is less than 10 parts by weight, the apparent porosity of the artificial pumice prepared by firing is reduced, so that a desired amount of detergent cannot be carried. If the amount is more than 40 parts by weight, the pumice raw material is mixed. In addition, the plasticity is lowered and molding becomes difficult, and the apparent porosity of the artificial pumice prepared by sintering becomes high and the desired strength is not obtained.
[0018]
The artificial pumice of the present invention can be prepared by mixing the above components in the above ratio, molding, and firing. In addition, when mixing each component, water can be added as needed. When water is added when mixing the above components, the amount of the water to be added is not particularly limited, but for example, 30 to 55 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of a dry weight of a mixture of fly ash, diatomaceous earth and clay. , Preferably 30 to 45 parts by weight, more preferably 35 to 40 parts by weight.
[0019]
The molding is not particularly limited, such as a method of filling and mixing a pumice raw material composition prepared by mixing into a molding die (press molding method), a method of extrusion molding, and a method of cast molding. Can be used. Preferably, it is a press molding method. The molding form is not particularly limited, and may be a wide range such as a soap type (elliptical sphere), a football shape, a spherical shape, a cubic shape, and a plate shape.
[0020]
The calcination can be carried out by burning the formed pumice raw material composition at a temperature of 1000 to 1400 ° C, preferably 1000 to 1300 ° C, for at least 15 hours, preferably 18 to 22 hours. In the firing, the previously formed pumice raw material composition may be subjected to a drying step.
[0021]
The artificial pumice thus prepared has continuous or independent pores formed by the burning and disappearance of the calcination component, in addition to the pores inherent in the diatomaceous earth used as a raw material, from the inside to the entire surface of the pumice stone. Have. In addition, the pores formed by the calcined component communicate with the raw material components, particularly the micropores originally possessed by diatomaceous earth, and as a result, artificial artificial pumice is in a state in which continuous or independent large and small pores are stretched in all directions. I have. For this reason, the artificial pumice of the present invention is easily impregnated with the cleaning solution from the inside to the surface, and has a property that it can be gradually eluted without being immediately eluted and escaped because it enters micropores. . Although not particularly limited, the pumice of the present invention preferably has an apparent porosity of 5 to 80%, preferably 30 to 70%, and more preferably 40 to 60%.
[0022]
The apparent porosity is a physical property indicating a quantitative relationship between a void portion and a substance in the following formula.
[0023]
(Equation 1)
[0024]
In the present invention, the apparent porosity can be determined by the following equation in accordance with JIS R 2205-1992 "Method for measuring apparent porosity, water absorption, and specific gravity of refractory brick".
[0025]
(Equation 2)
[0026]
Here, the mass of the dried sample, the mass of the saturated sample in water, and the mass of the saturated sample can all be measured in accordance with the method specified in JIS R 2205-1992.
[0027]
Furthermore, it is desirable that the artificial pumice of the present invention has a compressive strength of 50 kg or more and the minimum crushing resistance and wear resistance required for pumice. Preferably it is 60 kg or more, more preferably 85 kg or more. Here, the compressive strength can be measured according to JIS R2206 "Testing method for compressive strength of refractory bricks", and refers to a value measured by the method.
[0028]
Therefore, the present invention can be used as a pumice as it is for removing slime and exfoliation of the skin, and can also be provided as a detergent-containing artificial pumice in a state impregnated with a detergent.
[0029]
(2) Detergent-Containing Artificial Pumice The present invention provides a detergent-containing artificial pumice.
[0030]
The artificial pumice containing the detergent of the present invention can be prepared by immersing the above-described pumice of the present invention in a liquid prepared in a liquid state, impregnating the same, and then cooling and solidifying.
[0031]
The cleaning agent used here contains a cleaning component, and is not particularly limited as long as the above preparation is possible.
[0032]
The cleaning agent used in the present invention can contain one surfactant alone or a combination of two or more surfactants as a cleaning component. The surfactant is not particularly limited, and any of a cationic surfactant, an anionic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, and an amphoteric surfactant can be used.
[0033]
Further, the cleaning agent may contain a bactericidal / antibacterial agent, a foaming agent, a viscosity adjuster, a fragrance, a coloring agent, a pH adjuster, a deodorant / deodorant, and a diluent as long as the above properties are not impaired. Good.
[0034]
Examples of the bactericidal and antibacterial agents include quaternary ammonium salt-type cationic surfactants such as alkyltrimethylammonium chloride and alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride; N-alkylbetaines and alkylbetaines (eg, lauryl dimethylaminoacetic acid betaine, coconut oil) Betaine-type amphoteric surfactants such as alkyl betaine, lauric amide propyl betaine, coconut oil fatty acid propyl betaine, 2-alkyl-N-carboxymethyl-N-hydroxyethylimidazolinium betaine, and the like.
[0035]
As specific disinfectants, alkyltrimethylammonium chloride includes lauryltrimethylammonium chloride and behenyltrimethylammonium chloride, and alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride includes dimyristyldimethylammonium chloride and distearyldimethylammonium chloride.
[0036]
Examples of the foaming agent include sodium lauryl sulfate, diethanolamide laurate and fatty acid salts having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, specifically, laurate, stearate, palmitate and myristate. Here, examples of the salt of the fatty acid include alkali metal salts of fatty acids such as sodium and potassium, and fatty acid zinc.
[0037]
Further, as a viscosity modifier, glycerin, castor oil, squalane, palmitic acid, white petrolatum, beeswax, liquid paraffin, 1,3-butylene glycol, etc .; As a pH regulator, hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, citric acid, sulfuric acid, hydroxylated Sodium and ammonia; and examples of the deodorant and deodorant include natural deodorants such as catechin and flavonoids and betaine deodorants such as betaine lauryldimethylaminoacetate. Examples of the diluent include water and alcohol such as ethanol.
[0038]
The cleaning agent used in the present invention has such a property that it can be made liquid by heating, and solidifies by cooling. More specifically, the cleaning agent has a solid state at 25 ° C. or lower, preferably 35 ° C. or lower, more preferably 40 ° C. or lower, still more preferably 45 ° C. or lower, and is heated at a temperature in the range of 50 to 300 ° C. It is preferable that the liquid state be obtained by heating at a temperature in the range of preferably 50 to 200 ° C, more preferably 50 to 150 ° C, further preferably 50 to 100 ° C, and still more preferably 55 to 80 ° C.
[0039]
The detergent-containing artificial pumice of the present invention is preferably prepared by heating the above-mentioned detergent to be in a liquid form, immersing the artificial pumice of the present invention in the liquid, impregnating the detergent, and then cooling and solidifying. it can.
[0040]
Here, the heating condition of the cleaning agent is not particularly limited as long as the temperature is such that the cleaning agent is melted and becomes liquid. Usually, the temperature can be about the melting point (50-350 ° C.) of the cleaning agent or higher. The immersion temperature of the artificial pumice is not particularly limited as long as the cleaning material maintains a molten state. Usually, the temperature can be about the melting point (50-350 ° C.) of the cleaning agent or higher. The immersion time is not particularly limited as long as the cleaning material is impregnated with the artificial pumice of the present invention. The time is usually 30 seconds to 1 hour, preferably 1 minute to 15 minutes. The solidification condition may be set under a temperature condition at which the detergent is solidified, and specifically, is preferably set at a normal temperature or lower, specifically, approximately 25 ° C. or lower.
[0041]
【The invention's effect】
The artificial pumice of the present invention has sufficient strength (crush resistance and abrasion resistance) to withstand use as a skin cleansing tool, and is further cleaned by continuous or independent holes formed entirely from the inside to the surface of the pumice. It has the characteristic that the detergent is retained and the retained detergent can be eluted when used. For this reason, the artificial pumice of the present invention can be effectively used as a raw material pumice for preparing a detergent impregnated pumice. Furthermore, the artificial pumice of the present invention can be prepared using baked components such as industrial waste such as fly ash, diatomaceous earth (diatomaceous earth discharged during the production of stoves and insulating bricks), wood chips, chaff or coffee slag, and is inexpensive. It can be manufactured and is useful from the viewpoint of effective use of industrial waste.
[0042]
Further, the detergent-impregnated pumice of the present invention is excellent in abrasion and exfoliating effect due to unevenness due to pores on the surface, and since the detergent is retained inside, the detergent is eluted when used for washing. For this reason, the skin can be rubbed more smoothly than pumice used conventionally as a keratin removal tool, and keratin can be removed with a milder feeling of use. Furthermore, by containing a cleaning agent, it is possible to suppress the growth of mold and microorganisms in the pores, and it is possible to provide a more hygienic cleaning tool (keratin removal tool).
[0043]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited by these examples. Unless otherwise specified in the examples below,% means% by weight, and part means parts by weight.
[0044]
Examples 1-4
Pumice having the composition shown in Table 1 was prepared. Specifically, fly ash (composition SiO 2 45.6%, Al 2 O 3 31.83%, Fe 2 O 3 5.25%; balloon pore diameter 0.2 to 30 μm; tapping density 0.2 to 0. 4 g / cm 3 ), diatomaceous earth, clay, organic materials, and water were mixed at the mixing ratio shown in Table 1, filled in a mold having the shape of a soap, and compression-molded by applying a pressure of 40 gf / cm 2 . The molded product removed from the mold was then placed in an electric furnace and fired at 1200 ° C. for 20 hours. The resulting artificial pumice was examined for weight, compressive strength, and apparent porosity. The compressive strength is measured according to JIS R2206, "Testing method for compressive strength of refractory bricks", and the apparent porosity is measured according to "Method for measuring apparent porosity, water absorption, and specific gravity of refractory brick", JIS R 2205. Measured according to -1992. Table 1 shows the results.
[0045]
[Table 1]
[0046]
The resulting artificial pumice was impregnated with a detergent having the following formulation to prepare a detergent-containing pumice. In addition, this washing | cleaning material shows a solid form at 25 degreeC, and a liquid state at 65 degreeC. Specifically, the following components were mixed in a container, heated to 80 ° C. to make a liquid, the pumice stones (Examples 1 to 4) were placed in the cleaning solution, and left immersed for 2 minutes. (80 ° C). Two minutes later, the pumice was taken out and solidified at room temperature (approximately 25 ° C.) to prepare a pumice containing detergent (Examples 1 ′ to 4 ′).
[0047]
<Washing formula>
Sodium palmitate 22 (%)
Triethanolamine stearate 12
N-Steroyl-L-glutamate disodium 15
Glycerin 6
Ethanol 16
Sucrose 10
Water 19
100% in total.
[0048]
Regarding the obtained detergent-containing pumice (Examples 1 ′, 2 ′, 3 ′ and 4 ′), (1) detergent impregnation, (2) detergent retention (leaching of detergent) and (3) The keratin scraping property was evaluated.
[0049]
(1) Detergent impregnating property Detergent impregnating property is calculated by calculating the ratio of impregnated detergent to 100% by weight of pumice (impregnation%) according to the following formula, dividing the obtained detergent-containing pumice at the center, and calculating the impregnating property from the cross section. Evaluation was made by two methods: a method of visually evaluating the degree of filling of the pores of the pumice with the detergent (visual impregnation).
[0050]
[Equation 3]
[0051]
The visual impregnation was evaluated according to the following criteria.
<Evaluation criteria>
:: Impregnation% of cleaning agent is 70% or more Δ: Impregnation% of cleaning agent is 50% or more and less than 70% X: Impregnation% of cleaning agent is less than 50%.
[0052]
(2) Cleaning agent holding power (exudability of cleaning agent)
The cleaning agent holding power (leaching property of the cleaning agent) of the cleaning agent-containing pumice is measured by washing the cleaning agent-containing pumice stone in water, placing it in a glass bottle, and allowing it to stand at 40 ° C. and 75 RH% for 24 hours. The exudation of the material was visually confirmed and evaluated according to the following criteria.
<Evaluation criteria>
:: Almost no seepage of the cleaning agent is observed on the surface of the pumice stone. Δ: Exudation of the cleaning agent is slightly observed on the surface of the pumice stone. X: Exudation of the cleaning agent is considerably observed on the surface of the pumice stone.
(3) Keratin scraping property Pumice containing detergent was actually used by 10 panelists for exfoliation of heels and evaluated according to the following criteria.
<Evaluation criteria>
1: Exfoliating effect is present 2: Exfoliating effect is slightly present 3: Neither is possible 4: Exfoliating effect is not so high 5: Exfoliating effect is not present.
[0053]
The evaluations of these panelists were totaled, and the keratin scraping property of the cleaning composition-containing porous material was evaluated according to the following criteria.
<Comprehensive evaluation criteria>
○: The number of persons who answered 1 and 2 was 70% or more of the whole △: The number of persons who answered 1 and 2 was 50% or more and less than 70% of the whole ×: The number of persons who answered 1 and 2 was less than 50% of the whole.
[0054]
Table 2 shows the results.
[0055]
[Table 2]
[0056]
As can be seen from Table 2, the detergent-containing pumice of Examples 1 'to 4' has excellent detergent impregnation, detergent retention and exfoliating properties, and is useful as an exfoliating tool. Was confirmed.
[0057]
Examples 5 to 8
The artificial pumice obtained in each of Examples 1 to 4 was impregnated with a cleaning agent having the following formulation to prepare a cleaning agent-containing pumice (Examples 5 to 8). In addition, this washing | cleaning material shows a solid form at normal temperature (20 degreeC), and a liquid form at 250-300 degreeC. Specifically, the following components were mixed in a container, heated to 300 ° C. to make a liquid, the pumice stones (Examples 1 to 4) were placed in the cleaning solution, and left immersed for 2 minutes. (300 ° C). Two minutes later, the pumice was taken out and solidified at room temperature (approximately 25 ° C.) to prepare a detergent-containing pumice.
[0058]
<Washing formula>
Sodium stearate 40.00 (%)
Sodium palmitate 42.00
Sodium chloride 15 0.20
EDTA ・ 2Na 0.05
Glycerin 0.75
Water 17 . 00
Total 100.00%
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002208296A JP2004049361A (en) | 2002-07-17 | 2002-07-17 | Artificial pumice and using of the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002208296A JP2004049361A (en) | 2002-07-17 | 2002-07-17 | Artificial pumice and using of the same |
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| JP2004049361A true JP2004049361A (en) | 2004-02-19 |
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| JP2002208296A Pending JP2004049361A (en) | 2002-07-17 | 2002-07-17 | Artificial pumice and using of the same |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006021946A (en) * | 2004-07-07 | 2006-01-26 | Kansai Electric Power Co Inc:The | Structural base material and method of manufacturing the same |
| JP2008510699A (en) * | 2004-08-20 | 2008-04-10 | ステリス インコーポレイテッド | Activity-enhancing alcohol-based antibacterial composition |
| CN117964272A (en) * | 2024-03-28 | 2024-05-03 | 内蒙古工业大学 | A pumice-gangue composite aggregate and its preparation method and application |
| US12397282B2 (en) | 2020-08-28 | 2025-08-26 | Echo Scientific LLC | Trapping and sequestering of contaminants with prehydrated microparticles |
-
2002
- 2002-07-17 JP JP2002208296A patent/JP2004049361A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006021946A (en) * | 2004-07-07 | 2006-01-26 | Kansai Electric Power Co Inc:The | Structural base material and method of manufacturing the same |
| JP2008510699A (en) * | 2004-08-20 | 2008-04-10 | ステリス インコーポレイテッド | Activity-enhancing alcohol-based antibacterial composition |
| US12397282B2 (en) | 2020-08-28 | 2025-08-26 | Echo Scientific LLC | Trapping and sequestering of contaminants with prehydrated microparticles |
| CN117964272A (en) * | 2024-03-28 | 2024-05-03 | 内蒙古工业大学 | A pumice-gangue composite aggregate and its preparation method and application |
| CN117964272B (en) * | 2024-03-28 | 2024-06-11 | 内蒙古工业大学 | A pumice-gangue composite aggregate and its preparation method and application |
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