JP2003328378A - Ventilating device for underground structure - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ventilating device for an underground structure capable of continuously ventilating the underground structure until workers get onto a ground. <P>SOLUTION: A ventilating box 7 having a communication hole 31 formed in the lower face 29 is installed on a manhole. A first side wall portion 19 of the ventilating box 7 is provided with an access 20 for workers to access thereto and a door 21 for opening/closing the access 20, while a second side wall portion 23 thereof is provided with a vent hole 25 communicated with a blower via a flexible air duct. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a ventilation device for underground structures for ventilating the inside of underground structures such as manholes and sewer pipes.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When a worker enters into an underground structure such as a manhole or a sewer pipe to perform work, an underground structure is used to protect the worker from an oxygen deficiency state or a toxic gas such as hydrogen sulfide. There is a need to ventilate the interior. As a ventilation device for underground structures to ventilate the inside of underground structures, a fan with an air duct connected is used.The fan is installed on the ground, and the air duct is inserted from the manhole opening into the manhole. Ventilation is performed in the underground structure by sending air into the underground structure from the air outlet at the tip of the air duct.

When such a ventilation device is used, it is possible to ventilate the underground structure by supplying fresh air with a relatively simple structure, but the air duct has a sufficient air supply function. Since the air duct is formed to have a relatively large diameter and has such an air duct entering at least the inside of the manhole through the manhole opening, the space inside the manhole is narrowed. In particular, the manhole opening is usually formed with a small diameter, so if the air duct remains inserted in the manhole,
It is often the case that workers cannot get out of the manhole or are hard to get out of the manhole. Therefore, when the work inside the underground structure is completed and the worker goes out to the ground, in most cases, the air duct is pulled out from the manhole while the worker stays inside the underground structure. is there.

[0004]

However, when the worker pulls out the air duct and exits the ventilation in the underground structure when he / she goes to the ground, several workers are required to work in the underground structure. When doing so, for example, workers who remain in the manhole to the end have to stay in unventilated underground structures for a long time, which can lead to oxygen deficiency and other risks. Further, for example, when performing the dredging work of the sediment deposited in the sewer pipeline, the sewage in the sewer pipeline or the sewage remaining in the sewer pipeline is stirred, and a large amount of hydrogen sulfide, etc. is generated. However, in the work where a large amount of toxic gas such as hydrogen sulfide is generated,
It is very dangerous if ventilation is not continued until the worker goes out of the manhole to the ground.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a ventilation device for an underground structure, which can continue ventilation in the underground structure until a worker comes to the ground.

[0006]

A ventilation device for an underground structure according to the present invention for achieving this object is a ventilation device for an underground structure which ventilates an underground structure having at least a manhole, and can be opened and closed. A chamber means having an outlet for a worker and a ventilation opening, and arranged above the manhole opening so as to form a closed space continuous with the manhole opening (a closed space forming means, a chamber having a lower surface opening). Means or enclosure), a ventilation source connected to the ventilation port of the chamber means, which is, for example, a blower, and a positioning means for preventing displacement of the chamber means. Since the chamber means forms a closed space connected to the manhole opening, it is possible to ventilate the underground structure by supplying air into the chamber means by a ventilation source or sucking air in the chamber means. You can Therefore, it is not necessary to insert the air duct into the manhole. The chamber means is installed, for example, around the manhole opening so as to cover the manhole opening, but is positioned by the positioning means so as not to be displaced from the installation position.

The chamber means is usually sized so that at least the outlet and the vent can be formed at different positions. The ventilation source is connected to the ventilation opening of the chamber means via a ventilation duct such as an air duct. Ventilation ducts or ventilation source connections to the vent should be such that they do not prevent workers from exiting the exit. Therefore, the ventilation source is usually arranged outside the chamber means, and the ventilation duct is connected to the ventilation opening such that it does not enter the chamber means or does not enter it for a long time.

The closed space formed by the chamber means may be a space that does not create a gap that hinders ventilation in the underground structure, and is a completely airtight space (a complete space other than a continuous portion with the manhole opening). It does not necessarily have to be an airtight space). Further, the continuous portion of the closed space constituted by the chamber means with the manhole opening is usually approximately the same size as the manhole opening (including a case where it is slightly narrower than the manhole opening) or larger than the manhole opening. It is formed.

The chamber means can be constructed to have a box body made of, for example, a fiber reinforced plastic with an opening on the lower surface. With this construction, the chamber means can be made relatively strong. ,And,
It can be installed easily.

The chamber means can also be constructed by having a foldable tent body having an opening on the lower surface. With this configuration, the chamber means can be folded in a small size during transportation.

[0011]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an overall view conceptually showing a case where a ventilation structure for a manhole and a sewer pipe is constructed by using the ventilation device for an underground structure according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a ventilation box. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a case where the ventilation box is transported.

The ventilation structure 1 is for protecting an operator who works in the sewer pipe 3 from an oxygen deficiency state or a toxic gas such as hydrogen sulfide, and for ventilation on the manhole 5 through which the operator goes in and out. A box 7 (chamber means, box body) is installed, and the vicinity of the connecting portion of the upstream sewer pipe 9 connected to the manhole 5 is closed with an air plug 11 and connected to the downstream manhole 13 adjacent to the manhole 5. By closing the vicinity of the connecting portion of the downstream side sewer pipe 15 which is being operated with the air plug 17, from the manhole 5,
An underground air passage is formed to pass through the sewer pipe 3 and reach the manhole 13 adjacent to the manhole 5.

The ventilation box 7 is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape using fiber reinforced plastic such as glass fiber reinforced plastic, and the first side wall portion 19 of the four side wall portions of the ventilation box 7 has a work piece. An entrance / exit part 20 (exit part) for a person to enter and exit and a door 21 for opening / closing the entrance / exit part 20 are provided. On the upper end side of the second side wall portion 23 facing the side wall portion 19 provided with the entrance / exit portion 20,
A circular ventilation port 25 is provided, and an annular connecting portion 27 that slightly protrudes outward is integrally formed on the second side wall portion 23 along the ventilation port 25.

A circular communication port 31 (lower surface opening) is provided in the bottom portion or lower surface portion 29 of the ventilation box 7, and
A positioning annular projection 33 (positioning means) that slightly projects downward is integrally formed along the communication port 31,
The communication port 31 and the outer periphery of the thin positioning annular protrusion 33 are formed to have a diameter substantially equal to the opening diameter (600 mm) of the manhole 5, or a diameter slightly smaller than the opening diameter of the manhole 5.

In the figure, reference numeral 35 is a ventilation box 7.
It is a handle used when moving.

The ventilation box 7, as shown in FIG.
It is placed on the transport vehicle 37 and transported to the work site, but at the work site, it is unloaded from the transport vehicle 37 and the positioning annular projection 33 is fitted into the opening of the manhole 5 (the opening after removing the manhole cover). It is installed so as to be crowded.
Here, the sewage pipe 9 by the air plugs 11 and 17,
Although the closing work of 15 is performed prior to the installation of the ventilation box 7, it may be performed after the ventilation box 7 is installed. By installing a ventilation box 7, the manhole 5
A closed space continuous with the opening of the manhole 5 is formed in the ventilation box 7 above the opening.
Here, the closed space is sized to accommodate at least the upper body of the worker. Then, one end of the flexible air duct 39 (ventilation duct) is connected to the blower 41 (for example, ventilation fan: ventilation source) mounted on the transport vehicle 37, and the flexible air duct 3 is connected.
The other end of 9 is fitted to the outer periphery of the annular connection portion 27 of the ventilation box 7, fixed, and connected to the ventilation port 25, thereby completing the construction work of the ventilation structure 1. Although the positioning annular protrusion 33 enters into the opening of the manhole 5 due to the installation of the ventilation box 7, the positioning annular protrusion 33 has an outer periphery having a diameter substantially equal to the opening of the manhole 5, and
Since it is formed to be thin, the opening of the manhole 5 does not become so narrow as to hinder the entrance and exit of workers.

After the ventilation structure 1 is constructed, the blower 41 is operated and air is supplied into the ventilation box 7 through the flexible air duct 39.
The manhole 5 reaches the manhole 13 through the sewer pipe 3 and is discharged to the ground from the opening of the manhole 13. In this way, the inside of the sewer pipe 3 is ventilated, but even during ventilation, the worker opens the door 21 of the ventilation box 7 to enter the manhole 5 through the entrance / exit portion 20 or exit to the ground. You can

Reference numeral 43 in the figure denotes a deodorizing device installed on the manhole 13. By passing the air through the deodorizing device 43 and discharging the air to the ground, odors such as hydrogen sulfide are discharged to the ground. Can be prevented. Further, when air is supplied into the ventilation box 7, there is a possibility that the ventilation box 7 will float, and the ventilation box 7 is provided with floating prevention means. As the lifting prevention means, the positioning annular projection 3 is used.
It is possible to employ a lock structure that is provided in 3 or the like and that engages with the opening of the manhole 5.
It is also possible to form the rising prevention means by forming 3 to be tightly fitted into the opening of the manhole 5.

Further, here, a blower 41 is used to form an underground air passage from the manhole 5 to the manhole 13 through the sewer pipe line 3. However, one end of the flexible air duct 39 is a suction device or an intake air device. It may be connected to a machine (for example, a suction fan or an intake fan: a ventilation source) to form an underground air passage from the manhole 13 through the sewer pipe 3 to the manhole 5. At this time, the deodorizing device is connected to, for example, a suction device.

FIG. 4 is an overall view conceptually showing a ventilation structure provided with another chamber means, FIG. 5 is a view for explaining the installation process of the ventilation tent, and FIG. 6 is a view for carrying the ventilation tent. Is.

The ventilation structure 45 has the same structure as the ventilation structure 1 except that a ventilation tent 47 (chamber means) is used in place of the ventilation box 7. Ventilation tent 47 installed on the manhole 5 where workers enter and leave
The tent body 51 includes a metal ring-shaped base 49 and a tent body 51 mounted on the ring-shaped base 49.
Is a tent body 53 formed of a substantially airtight cloth material in a substantially conical shape (installed state) with a lower surface opening (about the same size as the opening of the manhole 5), and inside the tent body 53. It is composed of seven metallic bone members 55 radially mounted, and the lower end portions of the respective bone members 55 project a little below the lower end of the tent body 53 to form an insertion portion 57. is doing. Since the skeleton members 55 are attached to the tent body 53 at positions such that the entire circumference of the tent body 53 is divided into eight equal parts, the intervals between the adjacent skeleton members 55, 55 are approximately equal at six points, and the remaining one point is different. Of 6
It is set to approximately twice the interval of each of the three points.

The tent body 53 is formed with an entrance / exit opening 59 (exit portion) for an operator to enter / exit at a portion 58 where the space between the bone members 55 is set wide. 59 is openably closed by a door piece 61 whose upper end is integrally connected to the upper end of the entrance / exit opening 59 and which is made of the same material as the tent body 53. The door piece 61 has both sides and a lower end connected to the entrance / exit opening 59 by the chuck 63 to close the entrance / exit opening 59. However, when the chuck 63 is opened, an operator passes through the door piece 61 to open the entrance / exit opening 59. Passable (door piece 6 by virtual line
1). The tent body 53 is also provided with a circular ventilation opening 67 below a location 65 that substantially opposes the location 58 where the entrance / exit opening 59 is formed. The annular connecting piece 69 made of the above material is attached to the outside.

The inner circumference of the annular base 49 is formed to have a diameter slightly smaller than that of the opening of the manhole 5. However, the annular base 49 has a radial center (widthwise center) of 8 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. One bottomed insertion hole 71 is formed, and four bolt holes 73 formed with internal threads are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction so as to penetrate through the inner periphery of the annular base 49 (1 Only one bolt hole 73 is shown).

The ventilation tent 47, as shown in FIG.
It is placed on the transport vehicle 37 and transported to the work site, but is separated into a tent body 51 and an annular base 49, and
The tent body 51 is transported in a folded state. At the work site, the annular base 49 unloaded from the transport vehicle 37 is first concentric with the opening of the manhole 5 (the opening after removing the manhole cover), and the bolt hole 73 is the opening of the manhole 5 (opening edge). ) Is located on the manhole 5 so as to be located slightly inside. Then, the positioning bolt 75 is screwed into the bolt hole 73 so that the lower end of the positioning bolt 75 (positioning means) formed with the male screw projects from the bolt hole 73 and enters the opening of the manhole 5 (see FIG. 7). By engaging the lower end of the positioning bolt 75 with the opening of the manhole 5, the annular base 4
9, and therefore the ventilation tent 47, is positioned on the manhole 5.

After the positioning bolt 75 is screwed into the bolt hole 73 of the annular base 49, the tent body 51 unloaded from the transport vehicle 37 is unfolded into a conical shape, and the insertion portion 5 of the bone member 55 is inserted.
The ventilation tents 47 are configured by inserting the respective 7 into the insertion holes 71 of the annular base 47. By configuring and installing the ventilation tent 47, a closed space that is continuous with the opening of the manhole 5 is formed in the ventilation tent 47 above the opening of the manhole 5. Here, the closed space is sized to accommodate at least the upper body of the worker. Then, one end of the flexible air duct 39 is connected to the blower 41 mounted on the transport vehicle 37, and the other end of the flexible air duct 39 is inserted into the annular connecting piece 69 of the ventilation tent 47 to form an annular shape. Tighten with a tightening band (not shown) from the outside of the connecting piece 69,
The construction work of the ventilation structure 45 is completed by connecting to the ventilation port 67. The inner circumference of the annular base 49 has a smaller diameter than the opening of the manhole 5, but the degree of the small diameter is slight, and there is no hindrance to the entrance and exit of workers.

The blower 41 is constructed after the ventilation structure 45 is constructed.
Is operated and air is supplied into the ventilation tent 47 via the flexible air duct 39, the supplied air passes from the manhole 5 through the sewer pipe 3 to the manhole 1
3 and is discharged to the ground through the opening of the manhole 13. In this way, the inside of the sewer pipe 3 is ventilated, but even during ventilation, the worker opens the chuck 63, goes through the door piece 61 and enters the manhole 5 through the entrance / exit opening 59, You can go to

When air is supplied to the ventilation tent 47, if the ventilation tent 47 may float, the ventilation tent 47 is provided with a floating prevention means. A lock structure provided on the annular base 49 or the like that engages with the opening of the manhole 5 can be used as the lifting prevention means.

Here, similarly to the ventilation structure 1, one end of the flexible air duct 39 may be connected to a suction device to form an underground air passage from the manhole 13 through the sewer pipe 3 to the manhole 5.

The technology described here is included in the following invention. 1. A ventilation structure for a sewage pipeline for ventilating the inside of a sewage pipeline having a first manhole and a second manhole adjacent to the first manhole, which has an outlet for a worker that can be opened and closed, and a ventilation port. A chamber means disposed above the opening of the first manhole (for example, the manhole 5) so as to form a closed space continuous with the opening of the first manhole, and the ventilation port of the chamber means. A connected ventilation source, a positioning means for preventing displacement of the chamber means, and a sewer pipe connected to the first manhole and located on the opposite side of the second manhole (eg, manhole 13). A closing means (for example, an air plug 11) that closes the vicinity of the connection portion of the passage (for example, the sewer pipe 9) in an airtight or almost airtight manner;
A closing means (for example, an air plug 17) that is connected to the manhole of (1) and that closes the sewage pipe (for example, the sewage pipe 15) located on the opposite side of the first manhole in an airtight or almost airtight manner. A ventilation structure for sewage pipes, which is equipped with.

[0031]

As described above, by using the ventilation device for an underground structure of the present invention, it is possible to sufficiently ventilate the inside of the underground structure until the worker goes out of the underground structure to the ground. Therefore, the worker can be effectively protected from the oxygen deficiency state and the toxic gas.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall view conceptually showing a case where a ventilation structure for a manhole and a sewer pipe is configured using the ventilation device for an underground structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a ventilation box.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a case where a ventilation box is transported.

FIG. 4 is an overall view conceptually showing a ventilation structure provided with another chamber means.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a process of installing a ventilation tent.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a case where a ventilation tent is transported.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of an annular base portion.

[Explanation of symbols]

5 manholes 7 Ventilation box (chamber means) 20 Entrance / Exit (Exit) 25,67 Ventilation port 33 Positioning annular protrusion (positioning means) 41 Blower (Ventilation source) 47 Ventilation tent (chamber means) 59 Entrance / Exit (Exit) 75 Positioning bolt (positioning means)

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Tomohiro Fujiwara             70-4 Kan, Kawaihonmachi, Asahi-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa             Tool Giken Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 2D047 BA07

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A ventilation device for an underground structure, which ventilates an underground structure having at least a manhole, comprising a worker's outlet part that can be opened and closed, and a ventilation port, the manhole being above the manhole opening. A chamber means arranged to form a closed space continuous with the opening; a ventilation source connected to the ventilation port of the chamber means; and a positioning means for preventing displacement of the chamber means. Ventilation device for underground structures characterized by the following. 2. The ventilation device for an underground structure according to claim 1, wherein the ventilation source is connected to the ventilation port of the chamber means via a ventilation duct. 3. The ventilation device for an underground structure according to claim 1, wherein the chamber means is configured to have a box body having a lower surface opening. 4. The ventilation device for an underground structure according to claim 1, wherein the chamber means is configured to have a foldable tent body having a lower surface opening. 5. The ventilation device for an underground structure according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the ventilation source is a blower.