JP2003261814A - Film-forming agent and method of fire and heat insulation using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [PROBLEMS] To provide a fireproof insulation method for imparting nonflammable heat insulation performance, and in particular, to provide a nonflammable heat insulation method that meets the nonflammability of railway vehicle standards. An aqueous dispersion containing a film-forming resin containing at least polyvinylidene chloride and an inorganic hydrate, wherein each of the polyvinylidene chloride and the inorganic hydrate is 3 to 10% by weight in a total solid component. And 20 to 60% by weight of a film-forming agent. A fire-resistant heat-insulating material having a fire-proof property and a heat-insulating property obtained by applying the above-mentioned film-forming agent to the surface of a rigid plastic foam. A fire-resistant and heat-insulating structure in which a rigid plastic foam is further laminated on a base material, especially on an internal base material of a railway vehicle, and further the above-mentioned coating film forming agent, particularly a non-combustible heat-insulating structure of a vehicle body. A non-combustible heat insulating construction method for a structure, in which a rigid plastic foam material is attached to the surface of a structure, particularly a railway inner surface, and the above-mentioned coating film forming agent is applied thereon.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fireproof heat insulating material and a fireproof heat insulating structure for a structure. In particular, it relates to a non-combustible heat insulating structure for vehicles, especially railways. Further, the present invention is a coating film forming agent that is applied to the surface of a heat insulating material to impart fireproof performance to the heat insulating material,
The present invention also relates to a fireproof heat insulating construction method in which the above coating film forming agent is applied to a structural material, particularly a structural material having a heat insulating material formed thereon.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, rigid plastic foams have been used in a wide range of fields because they have excellent heat insulating properties and sound insulating properties and are lightweight. Polyurethane foam, polystyrene foam, phenolic foam, polyethylene foam, etc. are used as rigid plastic foam. Especially, rigid polyurethane foam has excellent heat insulation and soundproofing properties, as well as physical properties and cost performance at low temperatures. Also has excellent heat insulation
Widely used as a soundproof material. However, rigid polyurethane foam has the drawback that it is weak against fire and easily burns. There are a wide variety of domestic flameproof regulations, including the Building Standards Law, the Fire Service Law, the Ministry of Transport Standards, and voluntary regulations.For interior materials of buildings, interiors, automobiles, railway vehicles, beer tanks, crude oil tanks, etc. Uses materials that comply with some flame-retardant regulations.

Under such circumstances, hard polyurethane foams, which are flame-retarded among hard plastic foams by utilizing the above-mentioned characteristics, are widely used. However, when it is used in railway vehicle applications, it is required to pass the non-combustibility of railway vehicle material test, and ammonium polyphosphate, trichloroethyl phosphite, trischloropropyl as a flame retardant is simply contained in rigid polyurethane foam. The inclusion of phosphate, triethyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, dibromoneopentyl glycol, etc. does not pass the non-combustibility of the rail vehicle material combustion test standard.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 8-253134 “Adiabatic structure of railroad vehicle and its construction method”, and Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 8-3112
No. 22, “Flame-Resistant Plastic Foam Structure and Manufacturing Method Thereof” describes that hard plastic foam contains zinc,
Aluminum, copper, nickel, stainless steel, iron, titanium, tin, and other metals are sprayed with a plasma arc fusion spray gun to form a 100-micron sprayed metal coating under reduced pressure using a high-speed inverter drive spraying machine to prevent incombustibility. There is a report given. However, since this method requires large-scale equipment for construction and sprays metal, there is a danger of deformation, melting, ignition, etc. of the base material due to heat if temperature control is mistaken. Must be paid and requires a lot of labor.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above problems, the present invention has excellent heat insulation, soundproofing, and flameproofing properties, is lightweight, is extremely easy to work with, and is not dangerous. To provide a fireproof insulation method that can easily impart noncombustible heat insulation performance to the structure by work, especially a noncombustible heat insulation construction method that imparts noncombustible heat insulation performance that passes the incombustibility of the railway vehicle material combustion test standard to railway vehicles. It was done intentionally.

[0006]

The present invention is an aqueous dispersion containing a film-forming resin containing at least polyvinylidene chloride and an inorganic hydrate, wherein the polyvinylidene chloride and the inorganic hydrate are all contained in the aqueous dispersion. The present invention relates to a film forming agent containing 3 to 10% by weight and 20 to 60% by weight in a solid component. In particular, the present invention relates to the above film-forming agent, wherein the inorganic hydrate is calcium silicate hydrate. Further, the present invention is
The present invention relates to a fireproof and heat insulating material having a fireproof property and a heat insulating property, which is obtained by coating the surface of a hard plastic foam with the above film forming agent. Further, the present invention provides a fireproof heat insulating material comprising a base material, in particular, an internal base material of a car body, particularly an internal base material of a railway vehicle, a hard plastic foam, and the above-mentioned coating film forming agent laminated thereon. The present invention relates to a structure, particularly a fireproof or noncombustible heat insulating structure for a vehicle body.

Furthermore, the present invention relates to the following fireproof heat insulating construction method. That is, the present invention relates to a fireproof heat insulating construction method for a structure, characterized in that the above fireproof heat insulating material is formed on the surface of the structure. Further, the present invention is
A fireproof or noncombustible heat insulating construction method for a structure, characterized in that a hard plastic foam material is formed on the surface of a structure, particularly the inner surface of a car body, especially the inner surface of a railway, and the above-mentioned coating film forming agent is applied thereon. Regarding

In the present invention, the term "fireproofness" when referring to a fireproof heat insulating material does not mean that it is based on a specific standard, but that the heat insulating material has some resistance to fire. With respect to the standard, it means, for example, a flame retardant level, a quasi incombustible level, or a noncombustible level. Furthermore, the fireproof heat insulating structure means that the fireproof heat insulating material is attached to the structure,
If the structure is a building, it means concrete or the like, and if the structure is a car body, it means an iron plate or the like to which a fire insulating material is attached. The non-combustible heat insulation structure belongs to the above fire protection heat insulation structure.
It means that it has the performance of passing the non-combustibility standard.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The coating film forming agent of the present invention is a composition which, when applied to the surface of a target material, can impart nonflammability or fireproof performance against the fire from the surface to the target material. This coating film-forming agent is an aqueous dispersion containing a coating film-forming resin containing at least polyvinylidene chloride and an inorganic hydrate, wherein the polyvinylidene chloride and the inorganic hydrate are contained in an amount of 3 to 3 in all solid components, respectively. 10% by weight, preferably 4-8% by weight and 20-60% by weight,
It is preferably contained in an amount of 30 to 50% by weight.

The film-forming resin is preferably added as an emulsion, and the film-forming resin may contain other resin components in addition to polyvinylidene chloride. The polyvinylidene chloride and the other resin component may be used as a mixture in one emulsion or may be supplied from separate emulsions. Concentration of polyvinylidene chloride is 3
It is preferably supplied as an emulsion of 0% by weight or more. Examples of resin components other than polyvinylidene chloride include methacrylic acid ester, acrylic acid ester, vinyl chloride, vinyl bromide, vinyl acetate, acrylonitrile,
Examples thereof include vinyl-based and olefin-based homo- or copolymers such as acrylamide, N-methylol acrylamide, styrene, butadiene, ethylene, propylene and butene. Also, copolymers of vinylidene chloride with these vinyl-based and olefin-based monomers can be used. When a vinylidene chloride component is contained in these copolymers, the amount of the vinylidene chloride component in them can be counted as the amount of polyvinylidene chloride in the film forming agent.

Examples of the inorganic hydrate contained in the film forming agent include calcium silicate hydrate, gypsum and lime. A particularly preferred inorganic hydrate is calcium silicate hydrate, and a specific compound is gyrolite 2CaO.
3SiO ₂・ 2H ₂ O, Affilites 3CaO ・ 2Si
O ₂ · 3H ₂ O, and Tobermorite 5CaO · 6Si
_{O 2 · 5H 2 O, 5CaO} · 6SiO 2 · 9H 2 O, 5
CaO _· 6SiO _{2 ·} 0~2H 2 O Portland cement hydration products such as and the like. Calcium silicate has a decomposition temperature of 1000 ° C. or higher and has a high heat resistance temperature, and its hydrate releases water at 100 to 550 ° C. when heated and has a weight loss of about 10%. When used in combination with, it is possible to impart fire resistance to the synthetic resin. Further, since calcium silicate does not contain sulfate radicals contained in gypsum and the like, it does not generate sulfurous acid gas or the like during heating, and is particularly effective for a rail vehicle material combustion test in which smoke is regulated.

The coating film forming agent of the present invention must contain an inorganic hydrate, particularly calcium silicate hydrate in an amount of 20 to 60% by weight, more preferably 30 to 50% by weight, and the content is 20% by weight. If it is less than 60%, it is difficult to pass the combustion test of railway vehicle materials even if it is applied on the surface of hard plastic foam. On the other hand, if it exceeds 60% by weight, the fluidity as a film forming agent is remarkably reduced, and spray application, etc. In addition to the decrease in workability, the dry coating film is cracked and the adhesiveness to the plastic foam is poor and a uniform coating film cannot be formed. As a result, the nonflammability of the railway vehicle material combustion test also fails. In addition to the inorganic hydrate represented by the above-mentioned calcium silicate, the coating film forming agent of the present invention includes inorganic compounds such as calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, aluminum hydroxide, perlite, zinc oxide, zinc borate, magnesium hydroxide and mica. One or more of the total solid content of 25 ~
It can be used together in the range of 70% by weight.

The coating film forming agent of the present invention contains, in addition to the above-mentioned resin component essentially containing polyvinylidene chloride and an inorganic hydrate, a thickener, a dispersant, a penetrating agent, A colorant, an anti-sagging agent, a plasticizer, an ultraviolet absorber, an antioxidant, an antifoaming agent, a bulking agent, a surfactant, a flame retardant and the like may be added within a range not impairing the film forming ability. The coating film forming agent of the present invention can be applied to an object to be coated by various methods such as a brush, a trowel, a roller and a spray, but unlike the conventional coating agent of the same type, there is no coarse aggregate of particles, Since it is also excellent in fluidity, it does not cause clogging of the spray nozzle and does not separate solids during spraying, so that it can be applied to an object to be coated by spraying. Therefore, it can be applied with extremely high productivity. This is also one of the features of the present invention.

The above-mentioned coating film forming agent of the present invention can be applied to the surface of a hard plastic foam to impart fireproof performance to the hard plastic foam, and it can be used as a fireproof heat insulating material together with the excellent heat insulating performance inherent in the plastic foam. it can. By forming the fireproof heat insulating material thus obtained on the surface of the structure, it is possible to impart a fireproof heat insulating function to the structure and form a fireproof heat insulating structure. Alternatively, the structure can be made into a fire insulation structure by applying the above-mentioned film forming agent to the structure to which a rigid plastic foam is attached. In addition, the fireproof heat insulating material thus obtained does not significantly deteriorate the sound absorbing performance of the hard plastic foam, despite the fact that the coating film forming agent of the present invention is applied to the surface of the hard plastic foam, and fireproofing is possible. It can also be used as a sound absorbing material. Therefore, by forming the fireproof and heat insulating material having the fireproof and sound absorbing performance on the structure, the structure can be made into a fireproof and sound absorbing structure or a fireproof and heat insulating and sound absorbing structure.

Polyurethane foam, polystyrene foam, phenol foam, polyethylene foam and the like can be used as the hard plastic foam constituting such a fireproof heat insulating material or fireproof heat insulating structure. Polyurethane foam is particularly preferable in terms of heat insulation, soundproofing, workability, and cost performance. The rigid polyurethane foam includes generally used general-purpose rigid polyurethane foam, polyisocyanurate-modified urethane foam (so-called isocyanurate foam), and various modified urethane foams. The urethane foam can be obtained by reacting a polyhydroxyl compound and a polyisocyanate compound as main components, a catalyst, a foaming agent, a foam stabilizer, a flame retardant, and the like, which are mixed and stirred together. Usually, in the case of foaming by spraying, the catalyst is added to the polyhydroxyl compound side,
A two-component mixed type is often used in which a foaming agent, a foam stabilizer, a flame retardant, etc. are blended to react the component with the polyisocyanate component. In the blowing foaming, a heat insulating layer made of polyurethane foam can be seamlessly formed, and even a complicated shape can be easily dealt with, so that workability is extremely excellent.

The rigid polyurethane foam has a density (in the case of blowing foam, a core density after foaming) of 25 to 50 kg.
/ M ³ is preferable. When the density is lower than 25 kg / m ³ , the strength is insufficient, while when it is higher than 50 kg / m ^3, it is not preferable in terms of weight reduction. More preferably, it is 30 to 40 kg / m ³ . Rigid polyurethane foam has an index value, namely -NCO / -O.
H ratio is 100 for general rigid polyurethane foam
Is preferably 130 to 130, and is 180 to 300 for an isocyanate foam. Further, although not necessarily required, it is more preferable to add an organic flame retardant such as triethyl phosphate, trisdichloropropyl phosphate, and triscresyl phosphate to impart self-extinguishing property.

The coating amount of the coating film forming agent for coating the coating film forming agent of the present invention on the surface of the above-mentioned rigid plastic foam, particularly rigid polyurethane foam to form a fireproof heat insulating material or a fireproof heat insulating structure is Naturally, it varies depending on the degree of flame retardancy of a certain rigid plastic foam, the requirement of noncombustibility or fireproofness of the fireproof heat insulating material or the fireproof heat insulating structure, but generally the solid content is 0.8 to 1.5 kg /
m ² , preferably 1.0 to 1.2 kg / m ² .

Particularly, by coating the surface of a hard plastic foam layer provided on the inner surface of the ceiling of a railway car body with the coating film forming agent of the present invention in a thickness of 1.0 to 3.5 mm, it is possible to improve the hardness of a railway car body. It has become possible to pass the nonflammability level of the flammability test of railway vehicle materials, which is the criterion for flammability. In particular,
A polyurethane foam layer is formed on the inner surface of the ceiling of a railway car body by a blowing foaming method, and the flame-retardant layer is formed by applying the flammable coating film forming agent of the present invention on the surface by a blowing method to form a fireproof layer with high productivity. It is possible to form a non-combustible ceiling heat insulating material for a railway vehicle having excellent fireproofing and heat insulating properties without any defect portion corresponding to a joint in both heat insulating performance and fireproofing performance.

[0019]

The present invention will be described in more detail and concretely with reference to the following examples. Examples 1 to 6 The components described in Table 1 were mixed to form a film forming resin and a film forming agent containing an inorganic hydrate as main components 1 to 6 (Example 1).
Corresponding to ~ 6) was prepared. In the table, the synthetic resin emulsion A has a solid content of 50% by weight, and 50% by weight of the solid content is a vinylidene chloride component. The resin component other than the vinylidene chloride component is an acrylic ester. As an inorganic hydrate, calcium silicate (tobermorite: 5CaO ・ 6)
SiO ₂ · 5H ₂ O) was used. The coating amount shown in Table 1 was applied to a hard plastic foam having a thickness of 25 mm with this coating film forming agent to prepare fireproof heat insulating materials 1 to 6. The properties of the rigid plastic foam used are as follows: rigid polyurethane foam: density 35 kg / m ³ , polystyrene foam: density 35 kg / m ³ , phenol foam: density 35 kg / m ³ ,

[0020]

[Table 1]

Comparative Examples 1 to 4 The components shown in Table 2 were mixed to form a film forming agent 7 to 10.
(Corresponding to Comparative Examples 1 to 4) were prepared. In the table, the synthetic resin emulsion B has a solid content of 50% by weight, and the polymer constituting the solid content is an acrylate ester. Other components are the same as those used in the examples. The coating amount shown in Table 2 was applied to a hard plastic foam having a thickness of 25 mm with this coating film forming agent to prepare fire insulating materials 7 to 10.

[0022]

[Table 2]

[Combustion test of fireproof heat insulating material] Fireproof heat insulating material 1 to
No. 10 was subjected to a "railway vehicle material combustion test". The test method is as follows: [Railcar material combustion test method] B5 size test material (182
(mm × 257 mm) is held at a 45 ° inclination, and the center of the bottom of the fuel container is 25.4 mm vertically below the center of the bottom surface of the test material.
Place it on a table made of a material with low thermal conductivity such as cork so that it comes to (1 inch), and use 0.5c of pure alcohol.
Put in c, ignite, and leave until the fuel is burned out. However, the conditions in the test room are temperature 15 to 30 ° C. and humidity 60.
Within the range of up to 75%, there is no air flow. Flammability judgment is divided into during burning of alcohol and after burning,
During the combustion, observe the ignition, flame, smoke generation, flame state, etc. of the test material, and investigate the residual flame, dust, carbonization, and deformation after combustion. In the case of the hygroscopic material, the test pretreatment of the test material is carried out by finishing the product with a predetermined size in a breathable room at a distance of 1 m or more from the floor to avoid direct sunlight and for 5 days or more. The results are shown in Table 3. As you can see from this table,
The fireproof heat insulating materials of Examples 1 to 6 corresponding to the present invention all reached the level of noncombustibility.

[0024]

[Table 3]

[0025]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION Since the fireproof heat insulating structure formed by applying the coating film forming agent of the present invention to a hard plastic foam has the performance that it can be used for railway vehicles that require a high degree of nonflammability, these ceiling, It can be used for walls, etc. Further, the coating film forming agent of the present invention itself has excellent performance in other aspects, but by applying it to other substances or structures whose applications are limited in terms of flammability, their combustion resistance is improved. Improve,
It can be useful for expanding the usage.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI theme code (reference) C09D 5/18 C09D 5/18 // C08L 27:08 C08L 27:08 (72) Inventor Toru Nishino Osaka Prefecture Kuroshiki Spinning Co., Ltd. 2-32, Kutarocho, Chuo-ku, Osaka (72) Inventor Takefu Taniguchi 2-34 Kutaro-cho, Chuo-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Kurashiki Spinning Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Shingo Sano 2-431 Kutaro-cho, Chuo-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Kurashiki Spinning Co., Ltd. Osaka headquarters (72) Inventor Noriyuki Shiina 2-11, Rinkai-cho, Izumiotsu-shi, Osaka Marubishi Yuka Kogyo Co., Ltd. Research In-house (72) Inventor Yuji Kameoka 2-11, Rinkai-cho, Izumiotsu-shi, Osaka Marubishi Yuka Kogyo Co., Ltd. Research F-term (reference) 4F074 CE02 CE16 CE27 CE49 CE88 DA35 DA54 4F100 AA02A AA03A AA08 AA18A AA19 AA20A AC10A AK01B AK12 AK16 AK25 AK33 AK46A AK51 AT00C BA02 BA03 BA07 BA10A BA10C CC00A DJ01B AHA56556 HA08HA4 HAHA56HAHA4 HAHA56A HAJA08A4A4A3

Claims (13)

[Claims] 1. An aqueous dispersion containing a film-forming resin containing at least polyvinylidene chloride and an inorganic hydrate, wherein the polyvinylidene chloride and the inorganic hydrate are contained in an amount of 3 to 10% by weight based on all solid components. % And 20 to 60% by weight. 2. The coating film forming agent according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic hydrate is calcium silicate hydrate. 3. Calcium silicate hydrate is tobermorite
(5CaO ・ 6SiO _Two・ 5H_TwoO, 5CaO ・ 6Si
O_Two・ 9H_TwoO, 5CaO ・ 6SiO_Two・ 0 ~ 2H
_TwoO), Gyrolite 2CaO / 3SiO_Two・ 2H_Two
O, afflite 3CaO / 2SiO_Two・ 3H_TwoIs O
The coating film forming agent according to claim 2. 4. A fireproof and heat insulating material having fireproofing and heat insulating properties, which is obtained by applying the coating film forming agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3 on a surface of a hard plastic foam. 5. A fireproof and heat insulating structure comprising a hard plastic foam on a base material, and the coating film forming agent according to claim 1 further laminated thereon. 6. A fireproof heat insulating structure for a vehicle body, comprising a hard plastic foam on an internal body of the vehicle body, and the coating film forming agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3 laminated thereon. 7. A non-combustible heat insulating structure for a vehicle body, comprising a hard plastic foam on an internal base material of a railway vehicle body, and the coating film forming agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3 laminated thereon. 8. A method for constructing a fireproof heat insulating structure, wherein the fireproof heat insulating material according to claim 4 is formed on the structure body. 9. A method for fireproofing and insulating construction of a structure, comprising forming a hard plastic foam material on the structure, and applying the coating film forming agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3 on the structure. 10. A method for fireproofing and insulating a vehicle body, comprising forming a hard plastic foam material on the inner surface of the vehicle body and applying the coating film forming agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3 thereon. . 11. A non-combustible heat-insulating construction for a vehicle body, characterized in that a hard plastic foam material is formed on an inner surface of a railway vehicle body, and the coating film forming agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is applied thereon. Method. 12. The method according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the rigid plastic foam is rigid polyurethane foam. 13. The nonflammable heat insulating construction method according to claim 11, wherein the rigid plastic foam is rigid polyurethane foam.