JP2003114190A - Method and device for environmental monitoring - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and device for environmental monitoring by which the environments of a plurality of locations can be monitored continuously with a simple and inexpensive device constitution. SOLUTION: The device has a plurality of sensor sections 10 which are respectively positioned to a plurality of spots and generate carriers containing information on chemical substances contained in the ambient air at the spots, transmitting bodies 14 which respectively transmit the carriers generated by means of the sensor sections 10 to one spot, and a measuring section 12 which is provided at the spot and identifies the kinds of chemical substances contained in the ambient air at the spots and/or calculates the concentrations of the chemical substances by analyzing the carriers generated by means of the sensor sections 10.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an environmental monitoring method and apparatus for measuring chemical substances such as environmental pollutants in the atmosphere, and more particularly to an environmental monitoring method capable of continuously measuring chemical substances at a plurality of points. And equipment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Monitoring of chemical substances existing in the environment is rapidly increasing in importance in the environment surrounding our real life. For example, in recent years, environmental pollution caused by minute amounts of chemical substances such as dioxins discharged from garbage incineration facilities has been attracting attention. In addition, VOC (Volatile Organic C) included in building materials for new houses and condominiums
It has been reported that chemical substances called volatile organic compounds (ompounds) vaporize indoors and cause health problems to residents, which has become a major problem as sick house syndrome.

Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the chemical substances existing in a small amount in the environment as described above with high sensitivity and accuracy, identify the source of these chemical substances, and control / manage the emission amount to the environment. I am under pressure. To this end, there is an urgent need to develop an environmental sensor capable of detecting a chemical substance existing in the environment in real time with high sensitivity to identify the substance.

A conventional method for measuring chemical substances in the atmosphere is thermal desorption GC-MS (Gas Ghromatography-Mass Spectral).
ectroscopy) and FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infr)
aredSpectroscopy) is known.

In thermal desorption GC-MS, first, TENA
A measurement gas is adsorbed on a porous substance such as X. Then, this is heated to release the adsorbed chemical substance, and the components of the chemical substance are identified and quantified by the mass spectrometer. This makes it possible to perform component separation and structural analysis of a trace amount of chemical substances as a series of measurements.

In FT-IR, as shown in FIG. 10, an infrared light source 100 irradiates infrared rays to a gas to be measured. Then, the infrared ray that has passed through the gas to be measured is spectrally analyzed by the spectral analyzer 102 to obtain an absorption spectrum. Since the infrared absorption spectrum is unique to the chemical substance, the chemical substance in the gas to be measured can be identified. Further, since the amount of infrared absorption is proportional to the concentration of the chemical substance, the chemical substance in the gas to be measured can be quantified. FT-IR is a measurement method having real-time properties because it has a simpler device configuration than GC-MS and requires a short time for measurement. Furthermore,
FT-IR has the advantage that the device can be brought into the measurement environment and the measurement can be performed on the spot.

However, since the GC-MS usually requires several hours for measurement, it can be said that the measurement method lacks real-time property from the viewpoint of environmental monitoring. Further, the work for producing the column for loading the GC-MS needs to be performed in a laboratory or the like, and the environment cannot be measured on the spot. Therefore, it is difficult to effectively feed back the measurement results to environmental management.

On the other hand, FT-IR has a problem that it is difficult to measure the atmospheric environment with high sensitivity. Generally, when measuring an atmospheric environment by FT-IR, an infrared light source and a spectroscopic analyzer are installed in the measuring environment as described above,
A method of irradiating infrared rays directly into a gas and spectrally analyzing the infrared rays is used. In this case, the detection sensitivity of FT-IR with respect to the chemical substance existing in the gas is proportional to the optical path length of the infrared rays. For example, in order to detect a chemical substance existing in a gas at a concentration of 1 ppm by FT-IR, the optical path length of infrared rays is required to be about 1 m. Therefore,
An optical path length of 100 m of infrared rays is required to detect a trace amount of chemical substances existing in the atmosphere at a concentration of only 0.01 ppm. That is, in order to detect a small amount of chemical substance by FT-IR, a large-scale optical system is required to secure the optical path length of infrared rays. Therefore, if it is attempted to detect a trace chemical substance in the atmosphere by FT-IR, the advantage of FT-IR that in-situ measurement is possible and that it has real-time property is lost.

From this point of view, the inventor of the present application has already proposed a chemical substance detection method and apparatus capable of detecting chemical substances existing in the environment with high sensitivity and in real time (for example, Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-68863). See the bulletin). FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the structure of a conventional chemical substance detection device.

In the chemical substance detecting device proposed by the inventor of the present application, an infrared light source 106 for injecting infrared rays as probe light into the substrate 104 is provided near one end face of the substrate 104 housed in the substrate enclosing container 108. It is arranged. Board 1
In the vicinity of the end face opposite to the end face on which the infrared light source 106 of No. 04 is arranged, after the substrate 104 is multiply reflected,
FT-I that detects infrared rays emitted from 4 and performs spectral analysis
The R device 110 is connected.

In the measurement of the chemical substance, first, the gas to be measured in the environment is introduced into the substrate enclosure 108, and the chemical substance in the gas to be measured is attached to the surface of the infrared transparent substrate 100. Then, the chemical substance attached to the surface of the infrared transmitting substrate 104 is detected by the multiple internal reflection FT-IR method. That is, the infrared light source 106 causes infrared rays to be incident on one end of the infrared transmissive substrate 104 in the substrate enclosure 108 so as to be multiply reflected inside the substrate. The infrared rays incident on the inside of the infrared transmissive substrate 104 are resonantly absorbed when the frequency component of the light that oozes out when reflected on the substrate surface matches the molecular vibration frequency of the chemical substance attached to the substrate surface. Then, the infrared rays emitted from the other end of the infrared transmitting substrate 104 are
The FT-IR device 110 performs detection / spectral analysis to identify the type of chemical substance attached to the infrared transmission substrate 104 and calculate the attachment amount. Based on the measurement result of the chemical substance attached to the infrared transparent substrate 104, the type and concentration of the chemical substance in the gas to be measured are estimated. In this way, it is possible to detect chemical substances contained in the measurement target gas in the environment with high sensitivity in real time.

[0012]

In environmental monitoring, it is desired to continuously measure a plurality of places from the viewpoints of distribution measurement of environmental pollutants, identification of pollution sources, and the like. If the above-described conventional chemical substance detection device is used to continuously measure at a plurality of places, a plurality of chemical substance detection devices will be installed at the place to be measured.

However, the FT-IR device included in the above-mentioned chemical substance detection device is equipped with a spectroscope such as a Michelson interferometer. Such a spectrometer has a considerable size and weight, and is expensive. Therefore, it has been practically difficult to continuously measure a plurality of places using the above-described chemical substance detection device.

An object of the present invention is to provide an environment monitoring method and device capable of continuously monitoring the environment at a plurality of places with a simple and inexpensive device configuration.

[0015]

The above object is to produce a carrier containing information on chemical substances contained in ambient air at a plurality of points, and to produce the carrier produced at each of the plurality of points. And calculating the type and / or amount of the chemical substance contained in the ambient atmosphere at the plurality of points at the one point based on the information contained in the carrier. It is achieved by the environmental monitoring method.

In the above-mentioned environmental monitoring method, at each of the plurality of points, the substrate is exposed to ambient air so that the chemical substance is attached to the substrate and infrared rays are incident on the substrate. To obtain information on the chemical substance attached to the substrate surface, superimpose the information on the infrared ray as the carrier, and transmit the infrared ray as the carrier emitted from the substrate to the one point. You may

In the above environmental monitoring method, the substrate is housed in a container, the ambient air is introduced into the container, and the ambient air is allowed to flow in the container, whereby the ambient air is introduced into the ambient atmosphere. The substrate may be exposed.

In the above environmental monitoring method, an alarm may be output when the concentration of the specific chemical substance calculated based on the information contained in the carrier exceeds a predetermined reference value. .

Further, in the above environmental monitoring method, the chemical substance contained in the ambient atmosphere and the electromagnetic wave are allowed to interact with each other to obtain information on the chemical substance, and the information is superimposed on the electromagnetic wave as the carrier. You may do it.

Further, the above-mentioned object is to be arranged at a plurality of points respectively, and to generate a carrier containing information on chemical substances contained in the ambient air, and a plurality of environmental information obtaining means. Carrier transmitting means for transmitting the carrier generated by each to one point, and by analyzing the carrier generated by each of the plurality of environmental information acquisition means provided at the one point,
The present invention is achieved by an environment monitoring device comprising: an analyzing unit that identifies the types of the chemical substances contained in the ambient air at the plurality of points and / or calculates the concentration of the chemical substances.

Further, in the above-mentioned environment monitoring device, the environment information acquisition means includes a substrate to which a chemical substance contained in the ambient air is attached, and an infrared ray incident means to inject infrared rays to the substrate, Infrared rays emitted from the substrate may be generated as the carrier.

Further, in the above environment monitoring device, the carrier transmission means may be an optical fiber or an optical waveguide.

Further, in the above environment monitoring device, the environment information acquisition means acquires information on the chemical substance adhering to the surface of the substrate by multiple reflection of infrared rays inside the substrate, and the carrier. The information may be superposed on the infrared rays.

Further, in the above-mentioned environment monitoring device, the environment information acquisition means attaches to the surface of the substrate by allowing the infrared incidence means to inject infrared rays from one surface side of the substrate and transmit the infrared rays. It is also possible to obtain information on the chemical substance that is present and superimpose the information on infrared rays as the carrier.

Further, in the above-mentioned environment monitoring device, the substrate has a pair of substrates arranged substantially in parallel, and the environment information acquisition means multiplexes between the pair of substrates by the infrared incident means. By injecting infrared rays so as to reflect and multiple reflection between the pair of substrates, information on the chemical substance attached to the substrate surface is obtained, and the information is superimposed on the infrared rays as the carrier. May be.

Further, in the above-mentioned environment monitoring device, the environment information acquisition means may further include a container for accommodating the substrate and for introducing the environment atmosphere.

Further, in the above-mentioned environment monitoring device, the analyzing means may analyze infrared rays transmitted as the carrier based on Fourier transform spectroscopy.

The environment monitoring device may further include an alarm device for outputting an alarm when the concentration of the specific chemical substance calculated by the analyzing means exceeds a predetermined reference value.

[0029]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION [Principle of the Present Invention] FIGS. 1 and 2 show the principle of the environmental monitoring method and apparatus of the present invention.
Will be explained. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of the environment monitoring method and apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of the infrared multiple internal reflection method, and FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of the parallel plate multiple reflection method. It is a figure.

As shown in FIG. 1, the environmental monitoring device of the present invention is installed at a place where environmental monitoring is to be performed, acquires information on chemical substances existing in the ambient atmosphere, respectively, and remotely controls the acquired information. A plurality of sensor units 10 that output transmissible carriers, and a measurement unit that analyzes the information output from each sensor unit 10 and measures the chemical substances existing in the ambient air at the place where each sensor unit 10 is installed. 12 and. Each sensor unit 10 and the measurement unit 12 are connected by a transmission body 14 that transmits a carrier that carries information output from the sensor unit to the measurement device.

As described above, the environment monitoring apparatus according to the present invention includes a plurality of sensor units 10 for acquiring information on chemical substances existing in the ambient atmosphere, and a measuring unit 12 for analyzing the information acquired by the sensor units 10. Are placed separately,
It is characterized in that each sensor unit 10 and the measuring unit 12 are connected by a transmitter 14. By separating a plurality of sensor units 10 for acquiring information on chemical substances existing in the environment and a measuring unit 12 for analyzing the same, the environment of a plurality of places can be continuously measured with a simple and inexpensive device configuration. It becomes possible to do.

The sensor unit 10 acquires information reflecting the type and abundance of a specific chemical substance contained in the ambient atmosphere of the place where the sensor unit 10 is installed, and outputs a carrier capable of transmitting the acquired information remotely. It is a thing.

As a first example of means for acquiring information on chemical substances contained in the ambient air in the sensor section 10,
It is possible to apply the infrared multiple internal reflection method. A method of acquiring information on a chemical substance using the infrared multiple internal reflection method will be described with reference to FIG.

When the substrate 16 is exposed to the ambient air which is the object of measurement, chemical substances such as environmental pollutants 18 contained in the ambient air adhere to the surface of the substrate 16. When infrared rays are incident on the substrate 16 to which the chemical substance is attached at a predetermined angle, the infrared rays repeat internal multiple reflection and then are emitted from the substrate 16. At this time, the frequency component of the light (evanescent light) that exudes when the infrared rays are reflected by the surface of the substrate 16,
When the molecular vibration frequency of the environmental pollutant 18 adhering to the surface is equal, infrared absorption occurs in that frequency range.

Assuming that infrared rays are absorbed and attenuated T times by one reflection on the surface, Lambert-Beer
From the equation, T is represented by the following equation.

T = (I / I ₀ ) e ^−Ac where I ₀ is the light reflection intensity when no chemical substance is attached to the surface, and I is the light reflection intensity when the chemical substance is attached to the surface. Intensity, c is the concentration of organic substances on the surface, and A is a constant.

The above-mentioned absorption of infrared rays is a property peculiar to the structure of the molecule. Therefore, by analyzing the infrared rays emitted after multiple reflection inside the substrate 16, the type and amount of the environmental pollutant 18 adhering to the surface of the substrate 16 from the ambient air can be measured. Based on this result,
It is possible to identify the type and calculate the concentration of the environmental pollutant 18 contained in the ambient air. That is, the infrared rays emitted after being multiple-reflected inside the substrate 16 serve as a carrier of information relating to chemical substances such as environmental pollutants present in the ambient atmosphere at that time.

The infrared multiple internal reflection method is advantageous in that no complicated pretreatment of the sample is required, the measurement has real-time property, and the measurement does not take time. In addition, in order to spectroscopically analyze infrared rays that have undergone multiple reflections,
The signal-to-noise ratio (S / N ratio) is improved, and chemical substances such as environmental pollutants can be detected with high sensitivity.

As a second example of means for acquiring information on chemical substances contained in the ambient air in the sensor section 10,
It is conceivable to apply the parallel plate type multiple reflection method. A method of acquiring information on a chemical substance using the parallel plate multiple reflection method will be described with reference to FIG.

As shown in FIG. 3, when a pair of substrates 17a, 17b arranged substantially parallel to each other is exposed to the ambient air to be measured, the surfaces of the substrates 17a, 17b are exposed to environmental pollutants contained in the ambient air. Chemical substances such as 18 adhere. When infrared rays are incident between the opposing substrates 17a and 17b at a predetermined angle, the infrared rays repeatedly undergo multiple reflection between the surfaces of the substrates 17a and 17b, and then are emitted from between the substrates 17a and 17b. When infrared rays are reflected on the surfaces of the substrates 17a and 17b, absorption of infrared rays by the environmental pollutant 18 occurs as in the case of the infrared multiple internal reflection method. Therefore, the substrate 1
By analyzing the infrared rays emitted after multiple reflection between 7a and 17b, it is possible to identify the type of the environmental pollutant 18 contained in the ambient air and calculate the concentration thereof. That is, the infrared rays emitted after multiple reflection between the substrates 17a and 17b serve as a carrier of information regarding chemical substances such as environmental pollutants present in the ambient air at that time.

Further, as a means for acquiring information on the chemical substance contained in the ambient air based on the absorption of the infrared ray of the chemical substance, the chemical substance in the ambient air is adhered to the infrared permeable substrate and the substrate surface is attached. Infrared rays may be irradiated and the infrared rays transmitted through the substrate may be analyzed. In addition, the conventional FT-I
As in R, infrared rays directly applied to the ambient atmosphere may be analyzed.

As described above, when infrared rays are used as the information carrier for chemical substances such as environmental pollutants existing in the ambient air, the infrared light source serves as a 2 to 25 μm band corresponding to the molecular vibration of organic molecules. A light source that emits infrared rays can be applied. For example, a heat ray generated by applying a current to silicon carbide (SiC) as a filament or a nichrome wire is used as a light source.

As a means for acquiring information on chemical substances contained in the ambient atmosphere in the sensor unit 10, in addition to the above-mentioned method, visible light, ultraviolet rays, or electromagnetic waves of other wavelengths are used for inclusion in the ambient atmosphere. A method of acquiring information on chemical substances can also be applied.

As a method of acquiring information on a chemical substance by visible light or the like, there is Raman spectroscopy using Raman scattering, for example. The principle of Raman scattering is that when a molecule vibrating at a frequency ν is irradiated with monochromatic light having a frequency ν ₀ such as laser light, scattered light having a frequency ν ₀ ± ν is generated. The frequency difference between the irradiation light and the scattered light is called Raman shift. A substance can be analyzed by spectrally analyzing the Raman shift. When Raman spectroscopy is applied, a continuous wave laser light source is used as a light source of irradiation light. Generally, the wavelength is 514.5 nm, 488.0n
Although an Ar ⁺ laser of m, 457.9 nm is used, a near infrared laser or an ultraviolet laser can also be used. Regarding the configuration other than the light source, the sensor unit 1 based on Raman spectroscopy is used.
0 is almost the same as in the case of the infrared multiple internal reflection method or the parallel plate type multiple reflection method described above.

As the measuring unit 12, an analyzing device corresponding to a carrier of information on chemical substances output from the sensor unit 10 is used. For example, when the sensor unit 10 uses the infrared multiple internal reflection method or the parallel plate multiple reflection method as a principle, the infrared carrier is a carrier that carries information about chemical substances contained in the ambient atmosphere. Therefore, as the measurement unit 12, an FT-IR for spectrally analyzing infrared rays transmitted from the sensor unit 10.
A device or the like can be used. In the sensor unit 10, infrared rays or the like which are multiple-reflected inside the substrate to which the chemical substance is attached are F
By spectroscopic analysis using a T-IR device, it is possible to identify the type of chemical substance contained in the ambient atmosphere and / or calculate its concentration (multiple internal reflection FT-IR).
Law). A method of detecting a chemical substance by the multiple internal reflection FT-IR method is described in, for example, Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-68.
This is described in detail in Japanese Patent No. 863. In addition, FT-IR is described in detail, for example, in "Basics and FTIR of FTIR 2nd Edition" (edited by Sansei Tasumi) (Tokyo Kagaku Dojin).

When the sensor unit 10 is based on the principle of Raman spectroscopy, laser light emitted from an Ar ⁺ laser light source or the like is spectroscopically analyzed as a carrier of information regarding chemical substances transmitted from the sensor unit 10. Will be done. Except for the difference in the light source in the sensor unit 10, the measuring unit 12 based on the principle of Raman spectroscopy is the infrared multiple internal reflection method,
The configuration is almost the same as that of the measuring unit 12 using the FT-IR device when the parallel plate multiple reflection method is used as a principle.

The transmitter 14 functions as a transmission path for transmitting the information carrier of the chemical substance contained in the ambient air output from the sensor unit 10 to the measuring unit 12. As the transmission body 14, it is desirable that the transmission body 14 can transmit the information on the chemical substance contained in the carrier output from the sensor unit 10 without deterioration as much as possible. When the infrared multiple internal reflection method, the parallel plate type multiple reflection method, or the like is used in the sensor unit 10 as described above, as the transmitter 14, one that can transmit the infrared light output from the sensor unit 10 to the measurement unit 12 is applied. To do. When the carrier of information about chemical substances is light such as infrared rays, an optical fiber, an optical waveguide, or the like can be applied as the transmission body 14.

[Embodiment] An environment monitoring method and apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the environment monitoring device according to the present embodiment, FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the optical fiber, and FIG. 6 shows an example of the configuration of switches in the environment monitoring device according to the present embodiment. Schematic, Figure 7
FIG. 4 is a graph showing an example of an infrared absorption spectrum obtained for acetone by the environment monitoring method according to the present embodiment.

[1] Environmental Monitoring Device The environmental monitoring device according to the present embodiment will be explained with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6.

At a plurality of locations for environmental monitoring,
Sensor units 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d that output infrared rays that have been absorbed by chemical substances contained in ambient air
Are installed respectively. Each sensor unit 20a, 20
Each of b, 20c, and 20d has an infrared transmissive substrate 28 to which a chemical substance contained in ambient air is attached, and a substrate enclosing container 30 that accommodates the infrared transmissive substrate 28. The substrate enclosure 30 has an inlet 32 for introducing ambient air,
An exhaust port 34 for exhausting ambient air is provided, respectively. An infrared transmitting substrate 28 is provided for each of the sensor portions 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d to receive infrared rays as probe light.
Infrared light sources 36 are provided so as to make multiple reflections inside.

Sensor parts 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d
Are optical transmission lines 24a, 24b, 2 for transmitting infrared rays output from the sensor units 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d.
4c and 24d are respectively connected. Optical transmission line 24
One end of each of a, 24b, 24c, and 24d is an infrared transparent substrate 2
8 are arranged at the end portions of the infrared transmission substrate 28.
Infrared rays emitted after multiple reflections inside the optical transmission line 2
4a, 24b, 24c, and 24d are incident. The optical transmission lines 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d have
A switch 26 for selecting and outputting any of the signals output by the optical transmission lines 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d is connected.

At the output of the switch 26, the sensor unit 20
A measurement unit 22 is connected to perform spectroscopic analysis of infrared rays output from a, 20b, 20c, and 20d to identify chemical substances contained in ambient air and calculate concentrations. Measuring unit 2
2 is an FT-IR device 38 for spectrally analyzing infrared rays output from the respective sensor units 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d.
And an alarm device 40 for issuing an alarm based on the analysis result of the FT-IR device 38.

As described above, in the environment monitoring apparatus according to the present embodiment, the plurality of sensor units 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d for outputting infrared rays having information on chemical substances in the environment by the infrared multiple internal reflection method are used for optical transmission. Path 24a,
The main feature is that they are connected to one measuring unit 22 that performs infrared spectroscopic analysis and the like by 24b, 24c, and 24d. By configuring the environment monitoring device in this manner, the sensor units 20a, 20b that output infrared rays absorbed by the chemical substances contained in the ambient air,
It is not necessary to prepare a large and expensive FT-IR device for each of 20c and 20d. Therefore, it is possible to continuously measure a wide area environment with a simple and inexpensive device configuration. That is, cost reduction can be achieved as compared with the case of monitoring a plurality of places using a conventional chemical substance detection device in which an FT-IR device and a sensor unit are integrated. For example,
As of 2000, the price of the sensor unit is several hundred thousand yen. On the other hand, the price of the FT-IR device including the infrared detector is several million yen. Therefore, if the conventional chemical substance detection device in which the FT-IR device and the sensor unit are integrated is used to monitor 30 points, equipment cost of tens of millions of yen or more is required. On the other hand, according to the present invention, the sensor unit is
Since it is sufficient to prepare zero units and connect them to one FT-IR device, it is possible to monitor 30 points at a facility cost of several million yen.

In addition, each sensor section 20a, 20b, 20
Since the environment of the place where c and 20d are installed is monitored by one measuring unit 22, it is possible to collectively manage the measurement results of each installation place. As a result, the sensor units 20a, 2
It is possible to accurately grasp the distribution of environmental pollutants in a predetermined area where 0b, 20c, and 20d are installed, and to easily identify the pollution source and the like.

Next, each component of the environment monitoring device according to this embodiment will be described in detail.

(A) Sensor parts 20a, 20b, 20c,
20d Each of the sensor units 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d is installed at a place where environmental monitoring is to be performed, and outputs infrared rays that have acquired information on chemical substances contained in the ambient atmosphere based on the infrared multiple internal reflection method. . Hereinafter, the sensor unit 2
Each of the components 0a, 20b, 20c and 20d will be described in detail.

As described above, each sensor section 20a, 20b,
20 c and 20 d each include an infrared transparent substrate 28, a substrate enclosing container 30, and an infrared light source 36.

The infrared transparent substrate 28 is for adsorbing a chemical substance contained in the ambient air and providing it for measurement.
Therefore, it is necessary to use a material that transmits light in a wavelength range corresponding to the molecular vibration of the chemical substance to be detected. The wavenumber range corresponding to the fundamental vibration of a typical organic substance is 500
cm ^-1 (wavelength 20μm) ~5000cm ^-1 (wavelength 2μ
m) Infrared / near infrared region. In the infrared absorption wave number range of this organic substance, the infrared absorption wave number band due to a specific type of molecular vibration that the substances have in common, for example, CH
₃ A material that transmits at least the wave number region corresponding to the asymmetric stretching vibration is selected as the infrared transmitting substrate 28. Further, since the infrared transparent substrate 28 is exposed to the ambient air when detecting the chemical substance, it is necessary that the material thereof has no deliquescent property.

The shape of the infrared transmitting substrate 28 is preferably polished, for example, so that the inclination of the end face is 45 degrees. By doing so, it is possible to increase the efficiency of incidence of infrared rays into the infrared transmission substrate 28, and at the same time, to transmit the infrared rays to the infrared transmission substrate 28.
Multiple reflections can be made inside. Further, in order to prevent light from being scattered when multiple infrared rays are internally reflected, it is necessary to use a substrate whose both surfaces are polished as the infrared transparent substrate 28.

The substrate encapsulation container 36 accommodates the infrared transparent substrate 28, and the ambient atmosphere is introduced therein.
For example, a sampling pump (not shown) is provided in the substrate enclosing container 30, and the gas in the substrate enclosing container 30 is exhausted 34.
The inside of the substrate sealing container 30 is evacuated to a negative pressure. As a result, the ambient air is introduced into the substrate sealing container 30 through the inlet 32, and the substrate sealing container 30 is discharged through the exhaust port 34.
It is discharged to the outside. As a result, the ambient atmosphere efficiently flows on the surface of the infrared transparent substrate 28. Therefore, the adhesion rate of the chemical substance contained in the ambient air to the surface of the infrared transmission substrate 28 can be improved, and the chemical substance contained in the ambient air can be detected with high sensitivity. The method of introducing the ambient air into the substrate enclosure 30 is described in detail in, for example, Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-68863 by the inventor of the present application.

It should be noted that the infrared transparent substrate 28 is used as the substrate enclosure 3
Alternatively, the chemical substance in the environment may be directly attached to the surface of the infrared transmissive substrate 28 without being stored in 0.

The infrared light source 36 is adapted to make an infrared ray, which is a probe light, enter at a predetermined angle from the end of the infrared transparent substrate 28 so as to be multiply reflected inside the infrared transparent substrate 28.

As the infrared light source 36, a light source which emits infrared rays in the 2 to 25 μm band corresponding to the molecular vibration of organic molecules can be applied. For example, a heat ray generated by applying a current to SiC or nichrome wire as a filament can be used as a light source. S such as SiC global light
The light source using iC emits infrared rays in the 1.1 to 25 μm band, and is characterized in that it does not burn even if it is used exposed in the air.

The setting of the incident angle of infrared rays is described in detail, for example, in Japanese Patent Application No. 11-95583 by the same applicant.

As described above, the sensor section 20 including the infrared transmitting substrate 28, the substrate enclosing container 30, the infrared light source 36 and the like.
The a, 20b, 20c, and 20d can be configured compactly and inexpensively as compared with the measuring unit 22 having the FT-IR device 38. Further, in the environment monitoring device according to the present embodiment, the sensor units 20a, 20b, 20c, 2
0d and the measurement unit 22 can be installed separately.
Therefore, there is also an advantage that the sensor unit can be installed in a narrow space or the like, which is difficult to measure with a large-sized conventional chemical substance detection device in which the FT-IR device and the sensor unit are integrated.

(B) Optical transmission lines 24a, 24b, 24c,
The 24d optical transmission lines 24a, 24b, 24c, and 24d emit infrared rays emitted after multiple reflection inside the infrared transmission substrate 28 of the sensor units 20a, 20b, 20c, and 20d, respectively, and the FT-IR device 38 of the measurement unit 22. It is for transmission to. As the optical transmission lines 24a, 24b, 24c and 24d, for example, an optical fiber or an optical waveguide can be used.

The optical fiber is an optical transmission line that plays a major role in long-distance optical communication. As shown in FIG. 5, two kinds of materials having different refractive indexes have a concentric structure, the inner part is called a core, and the outer part is called a clad. The refractive index n ₁ of the core, between the refractive index n ₂ of the cladding, n _1>
There is a relationship of n ₂ . As a result, the infrared rays incident on the core of the optical fiber proceed while repeating total reflection at the interface between the core and the clad. The material of the optical fiber is quartz glass or the like, and it can be freely drawn. Accordingly, the sensor units 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d connected to the measuring unit 22 by the optical fiber can be installed in the environment with a high degree of freedom.

Optical transmission lines 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d
As an advantage of using the optical fiber as above, the attenuation amount of light per unit length is constant and stable, and there is almost no attenuation of light when totally reflected at the interface between the core and the clad. Can be mentioned.

Therefore, when an optical fiber is used for the optical transmission line 24, the measuring unit 2 emits light from the sensor units 20a, 20b, 20c and 20d due to the length of the optical fiber.
It is possible to accurately grasp the amount of attenuation of infrared rays until it is introduced into item 2. Therefore, infrared rays can be spectroscopically analyzed by the FT-IR device 38 in consideration of this attenuation amount, and high quantitative accuracy can be realized.

The reason why there is almost no attenuation of light when totally reflecting at the interface between the core and the clad of the optical fiber is due to the following mechanism of total reflection at the interface between the core and the clad. That is, when the light is totally reflected at the interface between the core and the clad,
Strictly not all light "folds" at the interface, but a slight "bleeding" of light into the cladding occurs. This "bleeding" light is called the evanescent wave. Then, the evanescent wave returns to the core again. In such total reflection, there is almost no attenuation of the evanescent wave, and therefore there is almost no attenuation of light during total reflection. In contrast to total reflection at the interface between the core and the clad, total reflection on the mirror surface causes the light to be “bent”.
It is reflection, and at this time, the evanescent wave is transmitted without being reflected. Therefore, in the total reflection on the mirror surface, the reflected light is attenuated by this transmitted amount.

As described above, the optical fiber is the optical transmission line 2
4a, 24b, 24c, and 24d are extremely effective, but there is a drawback that the transmission band is determined by the material of the core. For example, a wavelength of 1.5 used for optical communication
For the light in the μm band, it is 0.16 with a silica glass fiber.
There is a low loss of dB / km. FT-IR
Since the wavelength of infrared rays used in the above is in a wide band from 2 μm to 20 μm, it is necessary to select an appropriate material for the core.

On the other hand, the optical waveguide has a structure similar to that of an optical fiber. However, the part corresponding to the core is hollow. The inner wall of the tube is, for example, coated with aluminum and has a mirror finish. As a result, the infrared rays that have entered the optical waveguide proceed while being totally reflected inside. There is no particular restriction on the material of the pipe, and by selecting a highly flexible material for the pipe, it is possible to freely draw it around. Thereby, similarly to the case of the optical fiber, the sensor units 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d connected to the measuring unit 22 by the optical waveguide can be installed in the environment with a high degree of freedom.

Optical transmission lines 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d
As an advantage of using an optical waveguide, since the inside is hollow, it is possible to basically transmit light in almost all wavelength ranges without attenuating, and it is possible to freely set the inside diameter of the tube. . On the other hand, the infrared rays traveling inside the tube are generally absorbed by chemical substances in the air because the inside of the tube is filled with air, and the attenuation occurs because the reflection on the mirror surface is total reflection. is there.

Therefore, the optical transmission lines 24a, 24b, 2
When using optical waveguides as 4c and 24d, it is necessary to evacuate the interior of the tubes or purge with a standard gas that does not absorb infrared rays such as nitrogen.

(C) Switch 26 The switch 26 is for each of the sensor units 20a, 20b, 20c,
Optical transmission lines 24a, 24b, 24c, 2 connected to 20d
The infrared rays from any one of the infrared rays transmitted by 4d are selected and introduced into the FT-IR device 38. FIGS. 6A and 6B are schematic diagrams showing an example of the configuration of the switch 26.

As shown in FIG. 6A, the ends of the arrayed optical transmission lines 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d and the FT-
A movable mirror 42 is arranged between the IR device 38 and the IR device 38. And
By moving the movable mirror 42 onto the optical path of the infrared rays emitted from the end of the predetermined optical transmission path and changing the optical path of the infrared rays, F
It is introduced into the T-IR device 38.

As shown in FIG. 6B, FT-I
The configuration may be such that the R device 38 itself is moved. That is, the FT-IR device 38 is connected to the optical transmission lines 24a, 24b, 2
It moves to the optical path of infrared rays emitted from the end of the predetermined optical transmission path of 4c and 24d. Then, infrared rays from a predetermined sensor unit may be introduced into the FT-IR device 38.

By switching the infrared rays introduced into the FT-IR apparatus 38 by the above-mentioned switch 26, the infrared rays transmitted from the respective sensor sections 20a, 20b, 20c and 20d are spectrally analyzed by one FT-IR apparatus 38. be able to.

(D) Measuring unit 22 (FT-IR device 38,
Alarm device 40) The FT-IR device 38 is for performing infrared spectroscopic analysis by a Fourier transform spectroscopy mechanism based on, for example, a two-beam interferometer (Michelson optical interferometer). The sensor unit 2 is formed by the optical transmission lines 24a, 24b, 24c and 24d.
Infrared rays transmitted from 0a, 20b, 20c and 20d and introduced through the switch 26 are transferred to the FT-IR device 38.
Analyze spectroscopically.

Further, the FT-IR device 38 is equipped with a computing device (not shown) for identifying chemical substances existing in the ambient atmosphere and calculating the concentration thereof, based on the obtained spectrum measurement data.

In the storage unit of the arithmetic unit, the types of chemical substances existing in the ambient atmosphere and the calibration curve are separately stored as a database. The measurement data is quantified with reference to those databases.

In order to identify the chemical substances contained in the ambient air, the wave number of infrared absorption due to various molecular vibrations of various substances is stored in the arithmetic unit as a database. For example, for each chemical substance, CH ₃ symmetric stretching vibration and C
Absorption wave number data due to H ₃ asymmetric stretching vibration, CH ₂ symmetric stretching vibration, CH ₂ asymmetric stretching vibration, etc. are stored.
When identifying a chemical substance, data of absorption wavenumbers due to a specific molecular vibration is referred from a database of absorption wavenumbers due to various molecular vibrations.

The alarm device 40 gives an alarm when the concentration of a specific chemical substance in the ambient air exceeds a certain reference value based on the analysis result of the FT-IR device 38.

[2] Environmental Monitoring Method Next, the environmental monitoring method according to the present embodiment will be explained with reference to FIGS. 4 and 7.

Prior to the measurement, the sensor units 20a, 20b, 2 are provided at a plurality of places where environmental monitoring is to be performed, respectively.
0c and 20d are installed.

Next, the sensor parts 20a, 20b, 20
Of the places where c and 20d are installed, the place where the measurement is first performed is determined. Hereinafter, a case where the place where the sensor unit 20a is installed is measured will be described as an example.

First, by switching the switch 26, the infrared rays transmitted from the sensor section 20a through the optical transmission line 24a are introduced into the FT-IR device 38.

Next, the ambient air is introduced into the substrate enclosing container 30 of the sensor portion 20a, and the chemical substances contained in the ambient air are attached to the infrared transparent substrate 28.

After the elapse of a predetermined time necessary for attaching the chemical substance contained in the ambient air to the surface of the infrared transmitting substrate 28, the infrared light source 36 multiple-reflects infrared rays inside the infrared transmitting substrate 28. Then, the infrared transparent substrate 28 is introduced into the inside thereof from the end face thereof.

The infrared rays introduced into the infrared transmitting substrate 28 propagate while being multiply reflected inside the infrared transmitting substrate 28.

Subsequently, the infrared light emitted from the end face after being multiple-reflected inside the infrared transmitting substrate 28 is transmitted to the FT-IR device 38 of the measuring section 22 through the optical transmission path 24a. Then, the FT-IR device 38 obtains an infrared transmission spectrum.

Subsequently, based on the measurement results obtained as described above, the chemical substances contained in the ambient atmosphere at the place where the sensor section 20a is installed are analyzed as follows.

The infrared transmission spectrum obtained as described above is composed of the spectral components specific to the infrared transmission substrate 28 and the spectral components of the chemical substances attached to the infrared transmission substrate 28 from the ambient atmosphere. is there.

Therefore, the infrared transmission spectrum of the infrared transmission substrate 28 having a clean surface to which no chemical substance is attached is acquired in advance as reference data.

Then, as described above, the infrared transmission spectrum of the infrared transmission substrate 28 to which the chemical substance is attached is obtained as measurement data. Then, the ratio spectrum of the measurement data of the infrared transmission substrate 28 to which the chemical substance is attached to the reference data is calculated. By doing so, the spectrum component specific to the infrared transmission substrate 28 is canceled, and the infrared absorption spectrum of only the chemical substance attached to the surface of the infrared transmission substrate 28 can be obtained. By comparing the infrared absorption spectrum of the chemical substance attached to the surface of the infrared transmitting substrate 28 with the known infrared absorption spectrum obtained for the standard sample, the type of the chemical substance contained in the ambient air is identified.

FIG. 7 (a) is obtained by the above method,
It is a spectrum showing a measurement result when acetone is mixed in the ambient air. In the spectrum of FIG. 7 (a),
The horizontal axis shows the reciprocal of the wavelength, and the vertical axis shows the absorbance of infrared rays.

In the spectrum shown in FIG. 7 (a), some upward convex absorption peaks are observed. Especially 175
The large peak observed near 0 cm ⁻¹ is the absorption peak most characteristic of acetone. Therefore, when an absorption peak is observed near 1750 cm ⁻¹ in the infrared absorption spectrum of the measurement result, it can be estimated that acetone exists in the environment. For other chemicals,
The presence of a chemical substance can be estimated based on whether or not a characteristic absorption peak is observed for each chemical substance.

The chemical substances identified as described above are:
It can be quantified as follows. In advance, with respect to an ideal gas in which the concentration of the chemical substance to be detected is known, the size of the absorption peak characteristic of the chemical substance is measured by the above method. Then, a calibration curve is created for the relationship between the size of the absorption peak and the concentration, and a database is prepared in advance. The concentration of the chemical substance contained in the ambient air is calculated by comparing this database with the size of the absorption peak obtained for the chemical substance actually contained in the ambient air.

At this time, the alarm device 40 can be set to issue an alarm when the concentration of the specific chemical substance is equal to or higher than a predetermined reference value. The setting of the alarm device 40 will be described with reference to FIG. 7B, taking the case of acetone as an example. FIG. 7B is an infrared absorption spectrum obtained with respect to acetone similarly to FIG. 7A.

For example, the environmental standard value of acetone is 0.08.
ppm and 175 for 0.08 ppm of acetone
Assume that the absorbance at 0 cm ^-1 is 0.8. In this case, a threshold is set at the absorbance of 0.8 for the wave number range of 1750 cm ^-1 . Then, as a result of the spectrum analysis, when the absorbance exceeding the set threshold value is measured,
The alarm device 40 outputs an alarm.

Thus, the measurement of the place where the sensor section 20a is installed is completed.

Then, if necessary, the switch 26 switches the infrared rays introduced into the FT-IR device 38 to the infrared rays from the other sensor sections 20b, 20c and 20d. Then, also for the places where the other sensor units 20b, 20c, 20d are installed, the types of the chemical substances contained in the ambient air are identified and / or the concentrations thereof are calculated in accordance with the procedure described above.

Sensor parts 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d
It takes about 1 minute to measure the spectrum as shown in FIG. Therefore, as shown in FIG.
When using a, 20b, 20c, and 20d, by sequentially measuring the locations where the sensor units 20a, 20b, 20c, and 20d are installed, the environment of each installation location can be sequentially measured at intervals of about 4 minutes. Therefore, when performing continuous measurement at a plurality of locations, it is desirable to determine the number of sensor units connected to one measurement unit 22 according to the required time interval. For example, the time interval of continuous measurement is 3
If the interval of 0 minutes is enough, one measuring unit 22 has a maximum of 3
It is possible to connect 0 sensor units and measure the environment at 30 locations.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the infrared transmissive substrate 2 to which the chemical substance contained in the ambient air is attached in the plurality of sensor units 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d.
Infrared light that has been multiple-reflected inside the optical transmission line 24a, 24
b, 24c, and 24d are transmitted to one measurement unit 22 for spectroscopic analysis, so that the sensor units 20a, 20b, 20c,
There is no need to prepare a device for performing a spectral analysis every 20d,
A wide area environment can be measured with a simple and inexpensive device configuration.

Further, the sensor section 2 which can be made compact
Since only 0a, 20b, 20c, and 20d are installed in places where environmental monitoring is to be performed, even in narrow places where it is difficult to install with a conventional chemical substance detection device in which an FT-IR device and a sensor unit are integrated. Environmental monitoring can be performed, and highly flexible environmental monitoring can be realized.

[Modified Embodiments] Various modifications are possible without being limited to the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention.

For example, in the above embodiment, the plurality of sensor units 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d were connected to the measuring unit 22, but as shown in FIG.
And the optical transmission line 24a is used to connect only the F
The configuration may be such that it is directly connected to the T-IR device 38.

Further, in the above embodiment, the sensor unit 20
Although the infrared multiple internal reflection method is applied as a method for acquiring information on chemical substances in a, 20b, 20c, and 20d, the parallel plate multiple reflection method may be applied.
In this case, as shown in FIG.
A pair of substrates 44a and 44b arranged substantially in parallel are accommodated. An infrared light source 36 is disposed near one of the end faces of the substrates 44a and 44b, and the infrared light serving as probe light is incident between the substrates 44a and 44b. Infrared light source 62
The infrared rays from are incident so as to undergo multiple reflection between the opposing substrates 44a and 44b. In the vicinity of the end faces of the substrates 44a and 44b, which face the end face on which the infrared light source 36 is arranged,
An optical transmission line 24 that transmits infrared rays emitted after multiple reflection between the opposing substrates 44a and 44b to the measurement unit 22.
One ends of a, 24b, 24c, and 24d are arranged.
When the sensor units 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d have the configuration shown in FIG. 9, the substrates 44a, 44b do not need to be transparent to infrared rays.

In addition, the sensor portions 20a, 20b, 20
Other means described in the principle of the present invention can be applied as means for obtaining information on chemical substances in c and 20d.

In the above embodiment, no means for cleaning the infrared transparent substrate 28 to which the chemical substances contained in the ambient air adhere is provided, but if necessary, for example, the infrared transparent substrate 28 may be replaced by the infrared transparent substrate 28. A heating means for heating may be provided to heat and remove the chemical substance attached to the surface of the infrared transparent substrate 28. Thereby, a new measurement can be performed with the surface of the infrared transmitting substrate 28 being clean. Further, instead of the heating means, an ultraviolet irradiation means for decomposing an organic substance by irradiating ultraviolet rays may be provided to clean the surface of the infrared transparent substrate 28.

Further, there may be provided a means for promoting the attachment of the chemical substance in the ambient atmosphere to the infrared transmitting substrate 28, for example, a cooling means for cooling the infrared transmitting substrate 28. By cooling the infrared transmissive substrate 28, the attachment rate of the chemical substance to the infrared transmissive substrate can be improved, and the detection sensitivity of the chemical substance can be improved.

Further, in the above embodiment, the four sensor units 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d were connected to one measuring unit 22, but the sensor unit that can be connected to one measuring unit 22. The number of is not limited to this.
The number of sensor units and measurement units can be appropriately changed according to the scale of environmental monitoring.

[0113]

As described above, according to the present invention, the carriers containing the information about the chemical substances contained in the ambient air are generated at the plurality of points, and the carriers generated at the plurality of points are , And the type and / or amount of chemical substances contained in the ambient air at multiple points at one point is calculated based on the information contained in the carrier, so that the device configuration is simple and inexpensive. The environment at multiple locations can be continuously monitored.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the principle of an environment monitoring method and device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of the infrared multiple internal reflection method.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of a parallel plate type multiple reflection method.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of an environment monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a structure of an optical fiber.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a configuration of a switch in the environment monitoring device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing an example of an infrared absorption spectrum obtained for acetone by the environmental monitoring method according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of an environment monitoring device according to a modified example of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing a structure of a sensor unit of an environment monitoring device according to a modified example of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the measurement principle of FT-IR.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing a structure of a conventional chemical substance detection device.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 ... Sensor part 12 ... Measuring unit 14 ... Transmitter 16 ... Substrate 17a, 17b ... Substrate 18 ... Environmental pollutants 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d ... Sensor section 22 ... Measuring unit 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d ... Optical transmission line 26 ... switch 28 ... Infrared transparent substrate 30 ... Substrate enclosure 32 ... Inlet 34 ... Exhaust port 36 ... Infrared light source 38 ... FT-IR device 40 ... Alarm device 42 ... Moving mirror 44a, 44b ... Substrate 100 ... Infrared light source 102 ... Spectroscopic analyzer 104 ... Infrared transparent substrate 106 ... Infrared light source 108 ... Substrate enclosure 110 ... FT-IR device

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    F-term (reference) 2G043 AA01 AA03 CA01 EA03 EA13                       KA02 KA05 KA09 LA01                 2G052 AA01 AB22 AC02 AC30 AD13                       AD52 AD53 BA03 BA11 GA11                       HC40 JA04 JA30                 2G059 AA01 AA05 BB02 CC12 EE01                       EE02 EE03 EE10 EE12 FF06                       GG01 GG03 HH01 JJ17 KK01                       LL03 MM01 MM05 PP02

Claims (14)

[Claims] 1. A carrier containing information on chemical substances contained in ambient air is generated at each of a plurality of points, and the carrier generated at each of the plurality of points is transmitted to one point. At the point, the kind and / or amount of the chemical substance contained in the ambient air at the plurality of points is calculated based on the information contained in the carrier. 2. The environmental monitoring method according to claim 1, wherein at each of the plurality of points, the substrate is exposed to ambient air so that the chemical substance is attached to the substrate and infrared rays are emitted to the substrate. Obtaining information on the chemical substance attached to the surface of the substrate by incidence, superimposing the information on the infrared ray as the carrier, the infrared ray as the carrier emitted from the substrate to the one point. Environmental monitoring method characterized by transmitting. 3. The environment monitoring method according to claim 2, wherein the substrate is housed in a container, the ambient atmosphere is introduced into the container, and the ambient atmosphere is allowed to flow in the container, An environmental monitoring method comprising exposing the substrate to the atmosphere. 4. The environmental monitoring method according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the specific chemical substance calculated based on the information contained in the carrier exceeds a predetermined reference value. An environmental monitoring method characterized by outputting an alarm in some cases. 5. The environmental monitoring method according to claim 1, wherein information on the chemical substance is obtained by causing the chemical substance contained in the ambient atmosphere to interact with an electromagnetic wave,
An environment monitoring method comprising superimposing the information on an electromagnetic wave as the carrier. 6. A plurality of environmental information acquisition means arranged at a plurality of points and generating a carrier containing information on chemical substances contained in the ambient air, and a plurality of environmental information acquisition means, respectively. And a carrier transmitting means for transmitting the carrier to one point, and analyzing the carrier generated by each of the plurality of environment information acquisition means provided at the one point to analyze the carrier at the plurality of points. An environmental monitoring device comprising: an analysis unit that identifies the type of the chemical substance contained in the ambient air and / or calculates the concentration of the chemical substance. 7. The environmental monitoring device according to claim 6, wherein the environmental information acquisition unit includes a substrate to which a chemical substance contained in the environmental atmosphere is attached, and an infrared incident unit to inject infrared rays to the substrate. Then, the environment monitoring device is characterized in that infrared rays emitted from the substrate are generated as the carrier. 8. The environment monitoring device according to claim 7, wherein the carrier transmission means is an optical fiber or an optical waveguide. 9. The environment monitoring device according to claim 7, wherein the environment information acquisition unit multiplexes infrared rays inside the substrate to obtain information on the chemical substance attached to the substrate surface. An environment monitoring device, which acquires and superimposes the information on infrared rays as the carrier. 10. The environment monitoring apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the environment information acquisition unit causes the infrared incident unit to inject infrared rays from one surface side of the substrate and transmit the infrared rays to the substrate. An environment monitoring device, which acquires information on the chemical substance attached to the surface of a substrate and superimposes the information on infrared rays as the carrier. 11. The environment monitoring device according to claim 7, wherein the substrate includes a pair of substrates arranged substantially in parallel, and the environment information acquisition unit includes the pair of substrates by the infrared incident unit. The information of the chemical substance adhering to the substrate surface is obtained by injecting infrared rays so as to cause multiple reflection between the substrates and causing the multiple reflections between the pair of substrates, and the information as infrared rays as the carrier Environmental monitoring device characterized by superimposing. 12. The environmental monitoring device according to claim 7, wherein the environmental information acquisition unit further includes a container that accommodates the substrate and introduces the environmental atmosphere. Environmental monitoring equipment to be. 13. The environment monitoring device according to claim 7, wherein the analysis unit analyzes infrared rays transmitted as the carrier based on Fourier transform spectroscopy. Environmental monitoring device. 14. The environment monitoring device according to claim 6, wherein an alarm is output when the concentration of the specific chemical substance calculated by the analysis unit exceeds a predetermined reference value. An environmental monitoring device further comprising an alarm device.