JP2003190734A - Adsorbent packed tower - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Problem] To provide a cross-flow type adsorbent packed tower provided with a louver capable of achieving stable operation for a long period of time. SOLUTION: An adsorbent for removing harmful components contained in an exhaust gas is filled, and a contact surface with the exhaust gas is constituted by six louvers 9a to 9l, and the exhaust gas is introduced or discharged from a louver opening 10 of the louver. In the cross-flow type adsorbent packed tower, the louver openings 10 of the upper louvers 9a, 9b, 9g and 9h are set smaller than the louver openings 10 of the lower louvers 9e, 9f, 9k and 9l. is there.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cross-flow adsorbent packed column in which exhaust gas containing various harmful components is contacted with an adsorbent to remove the harmful components, and more specifically, a plurality of louvers are preferably used. The present invention relates to an adsorbent-packed tower improved so as to be arranged.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Exhaust gas discharged from various processes such as incineration, gasification and melting of combustible waste, exhaust gas discharged from various metal refining processes such as scrap melting and aluminum smelting, as well as various manufacturing plants and chemical plants. Exhaust gas discharged from power generation equipment contains various harmful substances such as soot, acidic components such as HCl and SOx, nitrogen oxides, heavy metals such as mercury, dioxins and their precursors. Air-conditioned air or exhaust gas in sewage treatment facilities, garbage collection facilities, etc. contains various odorous substances such as H2S, NH3, and mercaptan.

The exhaust gas containing these harmful components or specific components is treated by an adsorbent packed column filled with the adsorbent, using an adsorbent corresponding to the component. Of course, by adding chemicals, using a reactor or a dust collector,
A method of detoxifying exhaust gas is also widely adopted,
There is not necessarily one kind of harmful component in exhaust gas,
In order to achieve a high level of detoxification, in many cases, the adsorbent packed tower is used together with the chemical addition and the dust removal treatment. Here, as the adsorbent packed column for removing harmful components, various types of devices have been conventionally adopted, but as an example, a cross-flow type adsorbent packed column having a multi-stage louver in the exhaust gas contacting section is used. Can be mentioned. The cross-flow method here means a method in which gas flows in a direction substantially orthogonal to the filling direction of the adsorbent or the moving direction of the adsorbent.

FIG. 7 is a side view showing the schematic structure of a conventional adsorbent packed tower, and FIG. 8 is a front view showing the schematic structure of the adsorbent packed tower as seen from the exhaust gas introduction side. 7 and 8, 1
Is an adsorbent-packed tower body, and an adsorbent-packed layer 2 in which the adsorbent is packed in the vertical direction is formed in the central portion thereof. 3 is an exhaust gas introduction duct which is provided on the left side of the adsorbent-packed tower main body 1 and which introduces exhaust gas into the main body 1, and 4 is an adsorbent-packed tower main body 1
Is an exhaust gas exhaust duct provided on the right side of the exhaust gas exhausting the exhaust gas to the outside of the main body. 5 is a divergent adsorbent supply unit mounted above the adsorbent packed tower body 1, 6 is an adsorbent replenishment valve provided on the inlet side of the adsorbent supply unit 5, and 7 is below the adsorbent packed tower body 1. Numeral 8 is an adsorbent cutoff valve provided on the outlet side of the hopper 7.

On the left side of the adsorbent-packed layer 2 on the side of the exhaust gas introduction part in the adsorbent-packed tower body 1, a plurality of louvers 9a-9f made of flat plates, such as a structure of a shade blind, are provided.
Are fixedly installed from the upper part to the lower part of the adsorbent filling layer 2. Further, a plurality of louvers 9g to 9l are fixedly installed on the right side portion of the adsorbent packed bed 2 on the side of the exhaust gas discharge part in the adsorbent packed tower main body 1, similarly to the left side portion. The plurality of louvers 9a to 9l are installed at a louver inclination angle α of 70 °, which is a constant angle with respect to the horizontal plane. With such a configuration, louver openings 10 are formed between the adjacent louvers 9,
Exhaust gas is introduced through the left louver openings 10 and discharged through the right louver openings 10.

On the other hand, in order to continuously treat the exhaust gas and ensure a certain level of removal performance, the adsorbent cut-out valve 8 provided in the hopper section 7 below the adsorbent packed tower main body 1 is used almost continuously. The adsorbent is cut out (discharged), and fresh adsorbent is replenished by the adsorbent replenishment valve 6 provided in the adsorbent supply unit 5 above the adsorbent packed tower body 1. That is, since the adsorbent in the adsorbent-filled bed 2 is updated almost continuously, it is possible to ensure continuous treatment for a long period of time and a certain level of removal performance. Since the adsorbent moves from the upper part to the lower part when the adsorbent in the adsorbent-filled bed 2 is renewed, it is often called a moving bed. In the specification, it is simply referred to as an adsorbent packed bed. During the process in which the exhaust gas passes through the adsorbent packed bed 2 inside the adsorbent packed tower body 1, a predetermined harmful component in the exhaust gas is adsorbed by the adsorbent and the exhaust gas becomes a clean gas. In addition,
For simplification of description, FIGS. 7 and 8 show only six louvers 9 in the longitudinal direction of the adsorbent filling layer 2.

[0007]

In the conventional adsorbent-packed tower as described above, a plurality of louvers 9a to 9l installed on the exhaust gas introduction section side and the exhaust gas discharge section side in the adsorbent packed tower body 1 are
Since it is fixed to the side wall of the adsorbent packed bed 2 at a constant inclination angle α using a flat plate having a constant width, the process of renewing the adsorbent substantially continuously during operation, that is, the adsorbent is packed in the adsorbent column In the process of moving from the upper part to the lower part in the main body 1, all the adsorbents are not efficiently renewed, which causes the following problems. That is, since the packing density of the adsorbent is different between the upper part and the lower part of the adsorbent-packed tower main body 1 due to gravity, all the louvers 9a to 9l are flat plate with a constant width and a constant inclination angle α (installation angle of the louver with respect to the horizontal plane). When installed, the adsorbent retained in the louver opening 10 is not updated at a desired and constant rate, and this update rate differs between the upper louver 9 and the lower louver 9. In particular,
Since the renewal rate of the adsorbent held in the upper louver 9 is relatively low and is left for a long time without being renewed (residence time is long), the adsorption breakthrough of the adsorbent and further the adsorption equilibrium are reached. As a result, there arises a problem that sufficient adsorption performance cannot be secured.

Further, when the exhaust gas contains soot dust, or when the exhaust gas is operated for a long time even after dust removal, the adsorbent in the louver opening 10 on the exhaust gas introducing portion side is blocked by the soot dust. However, since the exhaust gas passage is made small, there is a problem in that the pressure loss during the gas flow through the packed tower is significantly increased. further,
The lower the adsorbent of the adsorbent-packed layer 2 is due to gravity, the higher the packing density due to gravity, and the lower the lower part is, the higher the ventilation resistance of the exhaust gas becomes. When all the louvers 9 are installed in, the amount of the exhaust gas passing through the louver opening 10 on the lower side is relatively small due to the high density filling, and the exhaust gas distribution balance in the vertical direction of the whole adsorbent packed bed 2 is not constant. It causes such a problem. The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a cross-flow type adsorbent packed column having a louver that can achieve stable operation over a long period of time.

[0009]

The invention according to claim 1 of the present application is filled with an adsorbent for removing harmful components contained in exhaust gas, and the contact surface with exhaust gas is composed of a plurality of louvers. In the cross-flow type adsorbent packed column in which the exhaust gas is introduced or discharged through the louver opening, the louver opening of the upper louver is set smaller than the louver opening of the lower louver. In this way, since the louver opening of the louver, which is the exhaust gas flow passage, is set to be larger toward the bottom, the opening area of the louver opening becomes relatively larger toward the bottom in the up-down direction of the adsorbent-filled layer, Therefore, the opening area when introducing the exhaust gas becomes larger toward the lower part. As a result, the pressure density of the adsorbent in the adsorbent-packed bed is large, and the opening area of the louver opening is relatively large in the lower part where the ventilation resistance is large, the exhaust gas flow rate is increased, and the pressure density of the adsorbent is small, In the upper part where the ventilation resistance is small, the opening area of the louver opening is relatively small and the exhaust gas flow rate is reduced, so the exhaust gas flow rate becomes uniform in the vertical direction of the adsorbent packed bed, and the pressure density of the conventional adsorbent is high. It is possible to avoid that the ventilation resistance becomes relatively large in the lower portion and the exhaust gas flow amount becomes non-uniform in the vertical direction of the adsorbent-filled layer.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the louver opening of the louver on the upper side is set to be larger than the louver opening of the louver on the lower side by setting the tilt angle of the louver on the upper side larger than the tilt angle of the louver on the lower side. It is set to be smaller. The louver opening of the louver on the upper side can be set smaller than the louver opening of the louver on the lower side by changing the inclination angles of the louvers on the upper side and the lower side as described above. By the way, the lower the compacted side is, the higher the renewal rate of the adsorbent retained in the louver portion is, and the higher the lower side is the renewal rate of the adsorbent retained in the louver portion. It is known that in the process of moving from the upper part to the lower part, the adsorbent held in the louver portion has a higher renewal ratio as the inclination angle of the louver increases. Therefore, by setting the inclination angle of the louver on the upper side larger than the inclination angle of the louver on the lower side, the inclination angle of the louver is increased with respect to the upper side where the renewal rate of the adsorbent retained in the louver portion is low. The renewal rate was increased, the adsorption renewal rate of the louver portion in each stage was made constant, and the retention time of the adsorbent could be made constant, so that the performance of the adsorbent could be uniformly and effectively utilized. Further, at this time, the inclination angle of the louver is, for example, 60 to 8
If you set the upper and lower limits in the range of 0 ° and set the opening area of the louver opening, the adsorbent will be updated at a constant high rate or at a constant short residence time, and the louver opening will remain in the adsorbent for a long time. It is possible to safely avoid the risk of dust accumulation and blockage.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the length of the upper louver in the vertical direction is set to be larger than the length of the lower louver in the vertical direction so that the louver opening of the upper louver is set to the lower side. It is designed to be smaller than the louver opening of the louver. By changing the vertical lengths of the upper side and the lower side in this way, the louver opening of the louver on the upper side can be set smaller than the louver opening of the louver on the lower side.

In the invention according to claim 4 of the present application, the number of the louvers on the upper side installed per unit length is set to be larger than the number of the louvers on the lower side installed per unit length. The louver opening of the louver is set smaller than the louver opening of the lower louver. In this way, the louver opening of the upper louver is set smaller than the louver opening of the lower louver by changing the number of upper and lower louvers installed per unit length. .

The invention according to claim 5 of the present application is filled with an adsorbent for removing harmful components contained in exhaust gas, and the contact surface with the exhaust gas is constituted by a plurality of louvers, and the exhaust gas is discharged from the louver opening of the louver. In the cross-flow type adsorbent packed column for introduction or discharge, at least a part of the louver openings is provided with louver opening adjusting means capable of adjusting the opening area from a predetermined area to substantially zero. As described above, since the louver opening adjusting means is provided, the louver openings of some louver groups are operated so that the opening area of the louver openings becomes substantially zero during operation, and then the louver openings are operated so as to have a predetermined opening area. In this case, the adsorbent held in the louver opening can be surely pushed into the adsorbent packed tower, and the adsorbent can be surely renewed. That is, it is possible to reliably avoid the problem that the adsorbent held in the louver opening undesirably reaches the adsorption breakthrough or the adsorption equilibrium and the desired adsorption performance cannot be obtained, and the adsorbent in the louver opening can be operated in a long-term operation. It is possible to reliably avoid the problem that the dust in the exhaust gas accumulates and is clogged, so that stable operation can be performed.

[0014]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiment 1. 1 is a side view showing a schematic structure of an adsorbent packed tower according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a front view showing a schematic structure of an adsorbent packed tower seen from an exhaust gas introduction side. In the figure, 1 is an adsorbent-packed tower main body, and an adsorbent-packed layer 2 in which the adsorbent is vertically packed is formed in the central portion thereof. 3 is provided on the left side of the adsorbent-packed tower main body 1 and an exhaust-gas introduction duct for introducing exhaust gas into the main body 4 is provided on the right-side part of the adsorbent-filled tower main body 1 for exhausting exhaust gas to the outside of the main body It is a duct. Reference numeral 5 denotes a divergent adsorbent supply unit mounted above the adsorbent packed tower body 1, 6 is an adsorbent replenishment valve provided on the inlet side of the adsorbent supply unit 5, and 7 is an adsorbent packed tower body 1
The reference numeral 8 denotes a hopper attached to the lower side of the hopper, and 8 denotes an adsorbent cutoff valve provided on the outlet side of the hopper 7.

On the left side of the adsorbent-packed layer 2 on the side of the exhaust gas introduction part in the adsorbent-packed tower body 1, six louvers 9a-9f made of flat plates, such as a structure of a shade blind, are provided.
Are fixedly installed from the upper part to the lower part of the adsorbent filling layer 2. Further, six louvers 9g to 9l are fixedly installed on the right side portion of the adsorbent packed bed 2 on the side of the exhaust gas discharge section in the adsorbent packed tower main body 1, similarly to the left side portion. For these twelve louvers 9a to 9l, the inclination angle α of the upper louvers 9a, 9b, 9g and 9h with respect to the horizontal plane is set to 75 ° to reduce the louver opening 10 and the central louvers 9c, 9d, 9i and 9j. Sets the inclination angle α to 70 ° and sets the louver opening 10 to the middle level,
The lower louvers 9e, 9f, 9k and 9l have an inclination angle α of 6
The louver opening 10 is set large at 5 °. In this way, when the inclination angle α of the louver 9 is set to gradually decrease from 75 ° to 70 ° and 65 ° from the upper portion to the lower portion and the opening area of the louver opening 10 is gradually increased, The ratio of the opening area of the louver opening 10 in the louver 9 to the opening area of the louver opening 10 in the lower louver 9 (upper opening area / lower opening area) is about 1.5.

In this way, by adjusting the inclination angle α of the louver 9 or the like, the louver opening 10 serving as the exhaust gas flow passage is set to be larger as it goes downward.
In the up-down direction of the adsorbent-filled layer 2, the opening area of the louver opening 10 becomes relatively larger toward the lower side, so that the opening area when introducing the exhaust gas becomes larger toward the lower side. As a result, the pressure density of the adsorbent in the adsorbent packed bed 2 is large,
In the lower part where the ventilation resistance is large, the opening area of the louver opening 10 is relatively large to increase the exhaust gas circulation amount, the pressure density of the adsorbent is small, and in the upper part where the ventilation resistance is small, the louver opening 1
When the opening area of 0 is relatively small and the gas flow rate is reduced, the exhaust gas flow rate becomes uniform in the vertical direction of the adsorbent packed bed 2, and the ventilation resistance is relatively low in the lower part where the pressure density of the adsorbent is large. It is possible to avoid that the exhaust gas flow rate becomes non-uniform in the vertical direction of the adsorbent-filled layer 2 due to a large increase. In the first embodiment of the present invention, the inclination angles α of the twelve louvers 9 are preferably 65 to 75 °, the upper limit value is 75 °, and the lower limit value is 65 °.
Although the angle is set to 0, it is also possible to adjust the opening area of the louver opening 10 by adjusting the inclination angle α in an arbitrary range of 60 to 80 °.

By the way, the process of renewing the adsorbent substantially continuously during operation, that is, the adsorbent is the adsorbent packed tower main body 1
In the process of moving from the top to the bottom in the louver opening 10
The larger the louver inclination angle α of the louver 9 (in this case, the smaller the opening area of the louver opening 10) is, the higher the adsorbent retained is, which is preferable. If it is made too large, the exhaust gas flow path will be extremely reduced, and the pressure loss of the entire apparatus will increase. Conversely, when trying to secure the exhaust gas passage, the louver 9
Although it is sufficient to set the inclination angle α of 1 to be small, the update rate of the adsorbent held by the louver 9 becomes low. Further, the lower side of the adsorbent-filled layer 2 which is compacted is closer to the louver 9
Since the inventors of the present invention have found that the renewal rate of the adsorbent retained in the louver is high, the louver inclination angle α can be relatively reduced on the lower side.

That is, in the present invention, it is considered that the performance of the adsorbent can be effectively utilized uniformly if the renewal rate of the adsorbent held by the louver 9 is constant in each of the upper and lower louvers 9. , Louver opening 1 from top to bottom
0 is set to a large value. In other words, as the louver opening 10 is set larger from the upper side toward the lower side, the adsorbent update ratio of the louver portion in each stage is constant, that is, the residence time of the adsorbent is constant, so that the adsorbent is effective. Can be used for. At this time, if the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the inclination angle α of the louver 9 are set within the range of 60 to 80 ° and the opening area of the louver opening 10 is adjusted, a constant high ratio or a constant short ratio. It is possible to safely avoid the risk that the adsorbent is renewed depending on the residence time, and soot is accumulated on the adsorbent in the louver opening 10 for a long period of time and is blocked.

Now, the length of each louver 9 in the vertical direction is constant, and the inclination angle α of the louver 9 is, for example, 60 to 80 °.
When the upper limit value and the lower limit value are set in the range of, the opening area ratio (upper opening area / lower opening area) of the upper and lower louver openings 10 depends on the set angles, but is 1.5 to 3.
It can be set to about 0. This value is a value that is influenced by the length of the adsorbent-filled layer 2 in the vertical direction, the degree of compaction of the adsorbent, the gas passage conditions, etc., and is appropriately selected according to these conditions. Also, after calculating the porosity based on the pressure density of the adsorbent and estimating the ventilation resistance, the adsorbent packed bed 2
The opening area of each louver opening 10 may be set in the vertical direction of.

FIG. 3 shows a conventional adsorbent-packed tower in which the louver inclination angle is changed stepwise from 50 ° to 75 °, and the moving speed at which the adsorbent in the louver opening settles is set to the upper, middle,
It is a graph which shows the result measured at three points of each lower louver. The measurement method of the moving speed (settling speed, update speed) of the adsorbent in the louver opening 10 is as follows.
A metal piece slightly larger than the adsorbent was used as the tracer with a string under the condition that the longitudinal length of each louver 9 was constant from the upper part to the lower part of the packed bed 2, and the adsorbent was 4 mφ.
5 of the above-mentioned tracers were placed horizontally on the activated carbon layer of the louver opening 10 using the columnar activated carbon of Example 1, and the moving speed of sedimentation inside the layer was measured while the activated carbon was cut out from the adsorbent cutout valve 8. It is a thing. It can be said that the settling speed of the tracer indicates the update speed or update rate of the adsorbent in the louver opening 10. If the settling speed (moving speed) is slow, it can be said that the update speed of the adsorbent held in the louver opening 10 is slow and the updating rate is low, and vice versa if the settling speed (moving speed) is fast.

Then, the moving speed at the louver opening 10 is calculated from the cut-out amount, and the adsorbent-packed layer 2 at the central portion is calculated.
If it is expressed as a relative value of the moving speed of, the comparative evaluation becomes easy. That is, the relative value of the moving speed being 1.0 means the same as the moving speed of the layer in the central portion according to the cutting amount, and it depends on the inclination angle α of the louver 9,
The relative speed is often 0.5 or less. The reciprocal of this relative velocity can be considered as a relative value of the residence time of the adsorbent held in the louver opening 10. When the relative value of the moving speed is a low value of 0.1, the relative value of the residence time is 10, and the adsorbent in the louver opening 10 is finally replaced during a long period in which the adsorbent in the entire adsorbent-filled bed 2 is replaced 10 times. It can be evaluated as usual. According to FIG.
The movement speed of the upper louver 9 increases remarkably when the inclination angle of the louver 9 is increased, but the increase rate of the movement speed is relatively increased in the middle and lower louvers even if the inclination angle of the louver 9 is increased. Get lower. Further, when the inclination angle of the louver 9 is as low as 60 ° or less, the moving speed is higher toward the lower stage side, but when the inclination angle of the louver 9 is as large as 70 ° or more, it can be read that the moving speed is higher toward the upper stage side. .

In the adsorbent-filled bed 2 as a whole, it is necessary to set the inclination angle α of the louver 9 to be low and to enlarge the louver opening 10 to some extent in order to secure the exhaust gas flow passage above a certain level. The inclination angle α of the louver 9 cannot simply be increased. Further, it is desirable that the adsorbent held in the louver opening 10 is renewed at a constant renewal rate in the vertical direction of the adsorption layer. Considering these, it can be said that it is desirable that the inclination angle of the louver 9 is relatively high on the upper stage side and relatively low on the lower stage side. That is, by making the louver opening 10 on the upper side relatively small and making the louver opening 10 on the lower side relatively large, it is possible to obtain a constant exhaust gas flow passage in the entire packed bed (entire louver). At the same time, the adsorbent in each stage held in the louver opening can have a relatively uniform update rate.

In the first embodiment of the present invention described above, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, the lower louver 9 has a smaller inclination angle α to increase the opening area of the lower louver opening 10. However, the lower louver 9 has a constant inclination angle α. As a means for increasing the opening area of the opening 10, the louver 9 is gradually extended outward while the length of the louver 9 is made smaller as it goes to the lower side, and the contour line is set so as to draw an arc, or the louver 9 is formed. Has a constant length in the vertical direction, and there is a method in which the number of installed louvers 9 per unit length in the vertical direction (vertical direction) is reduced toward the bottom, that is, the installation interval is set to be large. .

Embodiment 2. FIG. 4 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of an adsorbent packed tower according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In the figure, the same components as those of the first embodiment of the present invention are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description of the duplicate components will be omitted. In the second embodiment, for these twelve louvers 9ag to 9l, the inclination angle α of the upper louvers 9a, 9b, 9g, 9h is set.
Is set to 75 ° to make the louver opening 10 small, and for the central louvers 9c, 9d, 9i, 9j, the inclination angle α is set to 70 ° to set the louver opening 10 to an intermediate level and the lower louvers 9e, 9f. , 9k and 9l are those in which the inclination angle α is set to 65 ° and the louver opening 10 is set large. In this way, when the inclination angle α of the louver 9 is set to gradually decrease from 75 ° to 70 ° and 65 ° from the upper portion to the lower portion, and the opening area of the louver opening 10 is gradually increased, Louver opening 10 in upper louver 9
The ratio (opening area / lower opening area) of the opening area of 1 to the opening area of the louver opening 10 in the lower louver 9 is about 1.5.

The louver 9 having six stages is arranged so that the intervals (outer end and inner end) at both ends of the six louvers 9a to 9f on the exhaust gas introduction side are constant in the vertical direction (vertical direction). , The upper louvers 9a and 9b are set to have a longitudinal length S larger than that of the central louvers 9c and 9d.
Further, these are set to have a longer length in the vertical direction than the lower louvers 9e and 9f. The six louvers 9g to 9l on the exhaust gas discharge side have the same configuration as the exhaust gas introduction side. That is, the vertical length S of the upper louver
Is set stepwise to be larger than the vertical length S of the lower louver. Specifically, from top to bottom,
The longitudinal length S of the louver 9 is 240 mm, 200 mm,
It is installed in three stages of 160 mm.

In FIG. 4, the louver 9 has six stages for the sake of simplicity. However, if the exhaust gas amount is, for example, about 25000 Nm ³ / h, the number of louver stages depends on the required filling amount of the adsorbent and the components to be treated. Can be set in the range of 10 to 50 steps, and the average effective length S of the louver 9 is 200 mm.
Then, the height of the adsorbent filling layer 2 can be set to 2 to 10 m. However, this value is an example, and various modes can be set. The adsorbent filling amount and the louver length S can be determined by various operating specifications after selecting the adsorbent according to the processing target. Also, the vertical length S of the louver 9
Is the upper louver 9 and the lower louver 9, and a length ratio (upper length / lower length) of, for example, 1.5 to 3.0 can be adopted. This value is the longitudinal length of the packed bed of adsorbent,
It is a value that is influenced by the degree of compaction of the adsorbent, the gas passage conditions, etc., and is appropriately selected according to these conditions.

In this way, by adjusting the inclination angle α of the louver 9 or the like, the louver opening 10 serving as the exhaust gas flow passage is set to be larger as it goes downward.
In the vertical direction of the adsorbent-filled layer 2, the lower the opening area of the louver opening 10, the larger the opening area of the louver opening 10 becomes when the exhaust gas is introduced. As a result, the pressure density of the adsorbent in the adsorbent-packed layer 2 is large, and the opening area of the louver opening 10 is relatively large in the lower portion where the ventilation resistance is large, the exhaust gas flow rate is increased, and the pressure density of the adsorbent is increased. In the upper part where the ventilation resistance is small, the opening area of the louver opening 10 is relatively small and the exhaust gas flow rate is reduced, so that the exhaust gas flow rate becomes uniform in the vertical direction of the adsorbent-packed layer 2. It is possible to avoid that the ventilation resistance becomes relatively large in the lower part where the pressure density is large and the exhaust gas flow amount becomes non-uniform in the vertical direction of the adsorbent filling layer 2. In the second embodiment of the present invention, the inclination angles α of the 12 louvers 9 are preferably 65 to 75 °, the upper limit value is 75 °, and the lower limit value is 65 °.
Although the angle is set to 0, it is also possible to adjust the opening area of the louver opening 10 by adjusting the inclination angle α in an arbitrary range of 60 to 80 °.

The adsorbent to be filled in the adsorbent-packed layer 2 in the above-described Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention may be an adsorbent for removing harmful components contained in the exhaust gas, and for example, includes dioxins. Granular activated carbon can be used as long as it is an exhaust gas or an exhaust gas containing a malodorous component. Further, the adsorbent used in the present invention does not have to be a chemical agent that removes harmful components only by an adsorption action, for example, iron chloride as a desulfurizing agent,
Titanium or vanadium-based catalyst particles as a catalyst agent and calcium carbonate as a neutralizing agent are sometimes used, and any agent corresponding to a harmful component can be adopted. Further, since the adsorbent used in the present invention comes into contact with the exhaust gas in the adsorbent-packed bed 2, a powdery adsorbent entrained in the exhaust gas flow is not preferable, and a granular, pelletized, crushed, or other granular material. Adsorbents of

If the adsorption treatment is carried out, it is generally preferable that the adsorbent has a large specific surface area, and commercially available activated carbon particles can be used for removing dioxin. Although the adsorbent differs in the consolidation state depending on the height of the adsorbent packed bed 2,
For example, in the case of a columnar shaped activated carbon, the bulk specific gravity changes to the extent of 0.5 to 0.6 depending on the height of the adsorbent-filled layer 2, and the change rate further increases as the particle size becomes finer. If the weight per grain (true specific gravity) is known, the porosity can be calculated from the bulk specific gravity, and it is also possible to estimate the ventilation resistance using a theoretical formula (such as the Cozenie-Kalman formula). By applying the degree of change of the ventilation resistance to the upper part and the lower part of the adsorbent packed bed 2 to estimate the ventilation resistance at each position, the exhaust gas inflow amount becomes uniform in the vertical direction of the packed bed.
The louver length at each position may be set.

The used adsorbent cut out from the adsorbent cut-out valve 8 at the lower part is regenerated if necessary and temporarily stored in a silo (not shown). Is supplied to. Alternatively, if the used adsorbent has a remaining adsorption performance, the adsorbent is repeatedly used without being regenerated. If the exhaust gas contains a small amount of soot, classify the used adsorbent,
It may be reused after removing the particulate adsorbent generated by dust and mechanical damage. In addition, the adsorbent packed towers according to the first and second embodiments of the present invention have been described as a type (moving bed) in which the adsorbent is replenished substantially continuously, but the apparatus is stopped and the adsorbent is replaced at regular intervals. Even if it is a fixed bed type, the same effect can be obtained. Here, “substantially continuously” refers to continuously performing the operations of cutting out and replenishing the adsorbent substantially at the same time, but also includes performing these operations intermittently at regular intervals.

The adsorbents may be replenished and cut out in the same amount, and even if there is a time lag in the operation, it is acceptable. Further, a rectifying plate or a gas distribution plate may be installed in the exhaust gas introducing duct 3 for introducing the exhaust gas or in the space in the adsorbent packed tower body 1, and the shape of the exhaust gas introducing duct 3 may be a divergent type. These various ideas are made as needed. When activated carbon is used as an adsorbent, there is a risk of ignition due to the inflow of outside air when the equipment is started up and down. Therefore, the temperature at multiple points in the bed is continuously monitored, and a purge line with N2 gas and an ignition countermeasure device are installed. It is desirable to add it.

Embodiment 3. 5 is a side view showing a schematic structure of an adsorbent packed tower according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a front view showing a schematic structure of the adsorbent packed tower seen from an exhaust gas introduction side. In the figure, the same components as those of the first embodiment of the present invention are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description of the duplicate components will be omitted.
In the third embodiment, these 6 on the exhaust gas introduction side are
For each of the louvers 9a to 9f, three louver opening adjusting means 11 capable of adjusting the opening area of the louver opening 10 to substantially zero are installed on the exhaust gas introduction side. That is,
As shown in FIG. 6, the louver opening adjusting means 11a adjusts the openings of the upper louvers 7a and 7b, and the louver opening adjusting means 11b adjusts the openings of the central louvers 7c and 7d. The opening adjusting means 11c is for adjusting the openings of the lower louvers 7e and 7f. These louver opening adjusting means 11 are attached to a support shaft (rotating shaft) installed at the center of the louver 9, and here, the inclination angles of the corresponding two louvers 9 are adjusted.

In the third embodiment, while the adsorbent packed bed 2 is being operated (gas flow), while the adsorbent is being cut out from the adsorbent cutout valve 8, for example, the louver opening adjusting means 1 is used.
The louvers 7a and 7b are slowly operated by 1a to increase the louver inclination angle until the actual opening becomes zero, thereby pushing the adsorbent retained in the louver opening 10 into the central layer of the adsorbent-filled layer 2. . Then, after a certain period of time, the louver 9 is operated so as to return to the original opening by the reverse operation to the above. Then, immediately after this or after a predetermined time, the louver opening adjusting means 11b performs the same operation as described above. Further, the same operation is performed by the louver opening adjusting means 1
Conduct for 1c.

Further, it is desirable that the speed at which the inclination angle of the louver 9 is adjusted is as slow as possible in accordance with the speed at which the cutting is performed. If the speed is increased, there is a risk of overload and, in some cases, the crushing of the particulate adsorbent by compression, which is not preferable. Thus, during operation, the louver opening adjusting means 11a to 11c adjust the inclination angles of the louvers 9a to 9f to operate so that the opening area of the louver openings 10 of a part of the louvers becomes substantially zero. Then, if the adsorbent held in the louver opening 10 is pushed into the inside of the packed bed main body 1 by operating the louver opening 10 with a predetermined opening area, the adsorbent can be surely updated. That is, the louver opening 1
It is possible to reliably avoid the problem that the adsorbent held at 0 undesirably reaches the adsorption breakthrough or the adsorption equilibrium and the desired adsorption performance is not obtained, and the adsorbent in the louver opening 10 is exhausted to the adsorbent in the exhaust gas in a long-term operation. It is possible to reliably avoid the problem that the soot dust accumulates and is clogged, so that stable operation can be performed. At this time, each louver length or opening area may be preset as an initial value.

The louver opening adjusting means 11 may be constructed such that the ends of the plurality of louvers 9 are connected by a support tool and the support tool is operated. Further, one or more louver opening adjusting means 11 may be installed, and three louver opening adjusting means 11 are installed in FIG. 6, but four or more louver opening adjusting means 11 may be installed depending on the number of louver stages. Further, although the louver opening adjusting means 11 is provided on the exhaust gas introduction side, it goes without saying that it may be additionally provided on the exhaust gas discharge side. As described above, the embodiment of the present invention has been described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6, but the present invention is not limited to the drawings and texts described here, and does not deviate from the scope of the claims.
It can be used in a wide variety of packed towers and has the same effect.

[0036]

As described above, according to the present invention, the louver opening of the louver, which is the flow passage for the exhaust gas, is set to be larger toward the lower part. Since the opening area of the louver opening is relatively larger toward the side, and the opening area when introducing exhaust gas is larger toward the lower side, the pressure density of the adsorbent in the adsorbent-packed bed is large and the ventilation resistance is large. , The opening area of the louver opening becomes relatively large and the exhaust gas flow rate increases, the pressure density of the adsorbent is small, and the opening area of the louver opening becomes relatively small in the upper part where the ventilation resistance is small. As a result, the exhaust gas flow rate becomes uniform in the vertical direction of the adsorbent packed bed, and the ventilation resistance becomes relatively large in the lower part where the pressure density of the adsorbent is large, and the exhaust gas is discharged. Scan circulation amount is an effect that it is possible to avoid that a non-uniform in the vertical direction of the adsorbent filling layer 2. Also, by setting the inclination angle of the louver on the upper side larger than the inclination angle of the louver on the lower side,
The louver opening of the upper louver is set to be smaller than the louver opening of the lower louver.Therefore, by changing the inclination angle of the upper and lower louvers, the louver opening of the upper louver can be set to the lower side. It can be set smaller than the louver opening of the louver.

Further, according to the present invention, the inclination angle of the louver on the upper side is set to be larger than the inclination angle of the louver on the lower side so that the renewal rate of the adsorbent retained in the louver portion is lower than that of the upper side. By increasing the inclination angle of the louver and increasing the renewal rate, the adsorption renewal rate of the louver in each stage can be made constant, and the retention time of the adsorbent can also be made constant, thus making the adsorbent performance even and effective. There is an effect that it can be used. Further, at this time, by setting the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the inclination angle of the louver in the range of 60 to 80 ° and setting the opening area of the louver opening,
It is possible to safely avoid the risk that the adsorbent is renewed at a constant high rate or a constant short residence time, and soot is accumulated on the adsorbent at the opening of the louver for a long period of time and is blocked.

Further, by setting the vertical length of the upper louver to be larger than the vertical length of the lower louver, the louver opening of the upper louver is set smaller than the louver opening of the lower louver. Therefore, the louver opening of the louver on the upper side can be set smaller than the louver opening of the louver on the lower side by changing the vertical lengths of the upper side and the lower side.

Further, by setting the number of louvers on the upper side installed per unit length to be larger than the number of louvers on the lower side installed per unit length, the louver opening of the louver on the upper side can be set to the louver on the lower side. Since the louver opening is set smaller than the louver opening, the louver opening of the upper louver can be set smaller than the louver opening of the lower louver by changing the number of upper and lower louvers installed per unit length. can do.

Furthermore, according to the present invention, the adsorbent for removing harmful components contained in the exhaust gas is filled, the contact surface with the exhaust gas is composed of a plurality of louvers, and the exhaust gas is introduced from the louver opening of the louver. In a cross-flow type adsorbent packed column for discharging, at least a part of the louver openings is provided with louver opening adjusting means capable of adjusting the opening area from a predetermined area to substantially zero. If the louver opening of the louver group is operated so that the opening area becomes substantially zero, and then the louver opening becomes a predetermined opening area, the adsorbent retained in the louver opening is surely placed inside the adsorbent packed tower. By pushing in, the adsorbent can be surely updated. That is, it is possible to reliably avoid the problem that the adsorbent held in the louver opening undesirably reaches the adsorption breakthrough or the adsorption equilibrium and the desired adsorption performance cannot be obtained, and the adsorbent in the louver opening can be operated in a long-term operation. In addition, there is an effect that it is possible to reliably avoid the problem that the dust in the exhaust gas accumulates and is blocked, and thus stable operation operation becomes possible.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of an adsorbent packed tower according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing a schematic configuration of the adsorbent-packed tower as seen from an exhaust gas introduction side.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the measurement results of the moving speed at which the adsorbent settles at the opening of the louver by changing the inclination angle of the louver stepwise, at each stage louver.

FIG. 4 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of an adsorbent-packed tower according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of an adsorbent packed tower according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing a schematic configuration of an adsorbent-filled tower as seen from an exhaust gas introduction side.

FIG. 7 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of a conventional adsorbent packed tower.

FIG. 8 is a front view showing a schematic configuration of the adsorbent-packed tower as seen from an exhaust gas introduction side.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 adsorbent packed tower main body, 2 adsorbent packed bed, 3 exhaust gas introduction duct, 4 exhaust gas exhaust duct, 5 adsorbent supply section, 6 adsorbent replenishment valve, 7 hopper section, 8 adsorbent cutout valve, 9a-9f louver 10 Louver opening.

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Atsushi Morishige             1-2-1, Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo             Main Steel Pipe Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 4D002 AA02 AA03 AA06 AA12 AA13                       AA19 AA21 AA28 AA29 AB01                       AB02 AC04 AC10 BA04 BA14                       CA07 CA08 DA05 DA16 DA17                       DA22 DA41 HA01 HA06                 4G070 AA01 AB05 BA02 BB21 CA17                       CB11 CB19 DA16

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A cross-flow type in which an adsorbent for removing harmful components contained in exhaust gas is filled, and a contact surface with exhaust gas is composed of a plurality of louvers, and the exhaust gas is introduced or discharged from a louver opening of the louver. In the adsorbent packed tower, the louver opening of the upper louver is set smaller than the louver opening of the lower louver. 2. The louver opening of the upper louver is set smaller than the louver opening of the lower louver by setting the tilt angle of the upper louver to be larger than the tilt angle of the lower louver. The adsorbent packed tower according to claim 1, wherein 3. The louver opening of the upper louver is set to be larger than the louver opening of the lower louver by setting the vertical length of the upper louver to be larger than the vertical length of the lower louver. The adsorbent packed column according to claim 1, wherein the adsorbent packed column is set to be small. 4. The louver opening of the upper side louver is set to a lower side by setting the number of installations of the upper side louver per unit length to be larger than the number of installations of the lower side louver per unit length. The adsorbent packing tower according to claim 1, wherein the louver is set to be smaller than the louver opening. 5. A cross-flow type in which an adsorbent for removing harmful components contained in exhaust gas is filled, and a contact surface with exhaust gas is composed of a plurality of louvers, and the exhaust gas is introduced or discharged from a louver opening of the louver. An adsorbent packed tower, comprising: a louver opening adjusting means capable of adjusting the opening area of at least a part of the louver openings from a predetermined area to substantially zero.