JP2003141178A - Building design support method, system and program - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Problem] To provide a building design support method and system capable of easily examining a building design value with a life cycle cost corresponding to a budget amount. A computer stores a unit price database of construction costs, maintenance costs, utilities expenses, and repair costs for each use of building materials and equipment and a total budget amount of buildings. Design value 20 consisting of building area 21 and number of floors 22, area ratio 23 by use, building materials and equipment 24, and duration 25
Based on the design value 20, based on the database 11, calculate the life cycle cost 30 including the total of the total construction cost of the building and the cumulative total of maintenance costs, utilities, and repair costs during the lifetime,
The calculated life cycle cost 30 and the budget amount 15 are displayed for comparison. By repeating the cycle from the setting to the display while changing the design value 20, the design value 20 that gives the life cycle cost 30 commensurate with the budget 15 is selected.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method, system, and program for designing a building, and more particularly to a method, system, and program for supporting the design of a structural form of a building based on life cycle costs, building materials, equipment, and the like. . Life cycle cost (Life C
ycle Cost) is the total cost of the entire life of a building from planning, designing and constructing, maintaining and maintaining it for a specified period, and finally dismantling and discarding it.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In designing a building, as the function is so sophisticated as represented by an intelligent building and the maintenance cost increases, not only the initial cost at the time of construction but also the dismantling after maintenance. -It is required to consider the running cost required for disposal. The life cycle cost of a building is the sum of initial cost and running cost. From the overall life cycle cost, it is said that the running cost required for the maintenance of buildings is 4 to 6 times as much as the initial cost required for construction, planning and design. "Life Cycle Engineering to Support Lifelong Value Improvement of Buildings", March 1999). The running cost of a building includes maintenance costs (equipment management costs, cleaning costs, security costs, maintenance and inspection costs, consumables, etc.) during its life (years of use),
Utilities expenses, renewal / repair costs, disposal / disposal costs, and taxes / insurance and other general administrative costs are included.

In recent years, it has been required for a designer or a builder to calculate the life cycle cost of a building and explain it in an easy-to-understand manner so that the owner can objectively evaluate it. As a method of calculating the life cycle cost, a method of calculating the life cycle cost based on design values such as a structural type of a building, specifications of building materials and equipment has been conventionally proposed. Further, in order to reduce the running cost within a given design value, various life cycle cost examination methods such as adoption of highly durable building materials and introduction of energy saving equipment have been proposed.

[0004]

However, the conventional method of calculating and examining the life cycle cost is to be performed after the design values such as the structural type of the building and the specifications of the building material and equipment are determined. Although it is possible to reduce the running cost to some extent within the specified design value,
For example, when the budget of the builder is limited, it may be difficult to keep the life cycle cost below the budget amount. There is a close relationship between the initial cost and the running cost, and in order to optimize the life cycle cost within the budget constraint, it may be necessary to balance the two and review the planning and design of the building. is there. With increasing awareness of the life cycle cost of buildings, it is desired to develop a method that can easily study the design values of buildings so that the optimal life cycle cost can be obtained within the budget at the planning and designing stage. There is.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method and system for designing a building in which the design value of the building having a life cycle cost commensurate with the budget amount can be easily examined.

[0006]

With reference to the block diagram of FIG. 1 and the flow chart of FIG. 2, the method for supporting the design of a building according to the present invention is constructed by a construction material, a maintenance cost, and The unit price database 11 of water and utility costs and the total budget 15 of the building are stored in the computer 1, and the area of the building is stored.
21 and number of floors 22, area ratio by use 23, building materials and equipment 24
Set a design value of 20 consisting of and lifespan 25 in computer 1, and from design value 20 the total construction cost of the building based on database 11 and the total of maintenance cost, utility cost, repair cost during the lifetime Life cycle cost 30 including is calculated, the calculated life cycle cost 30 and budget amount 15 are compared and displayed, and the cycle from the setting to the display is repeated while changing the design value 20, and the life corresponding to the budget amount 15 is calculated. It supports the selection of a design value of 20 that gives a cycle cost of 30.

Further, referring to the block diagram of FIG. 1, the building design support system according to the present invention is a computer 1
In the design support system for buildings using PC, the unit price database 11 that stores the construction cost, maintenance cost, utility cost, and repair cost for each building material and use, and the total budget of the building 15
A storage means 2 for storing, a building area 21, a number of floors 22, an area ratio 23 for each purpose, an input means 3 for setting a design value 20 consisting of building materials and equipment 24, and a lifetime 25, and a database from the design value 20 Based on 11, the calculation means 6 for calculating the life cycle cost 30 including the total construction cost of the building and the cumulative total of the maintenance cost / utility cost / repair cost during the lifetime, and the calculated life cycle cost 30 and budget By providing a display means 7 for comparing and displaying the amount 15 and repeating a cycle consisting of setting by the input means 3, calculation of the life cycle cost 30 by the calculating means 6 and comparison display by the displaying means 7 while changing the design value 20. It supports the selection of the design value 20 that gives the life cycle cost 30 commensurate with the budget amount 15.

Further, referring to the block diagram of FIG. 1, the building design support program according to the present invention uses a computer 1 for supporting the design of a building, and a construction cost for each building material and use for each facility. A storage means 2 for storing a unit price database 11 storing maintenance costs, utility costs, and repair costs and a total budget 15 of buildings, an area 21 of the building, the number of floors 22, an area ratio 23 according to use, and building materials and equipment. Input means 3 to set a design value 20 consisting of 24 and lifetime 25, from the design value 20 to the total construction cost of the building based on the database 11 and the cumulative total of maintenance costs, utility costs and repair costs during the lifetime The calculation means 6 calculates the life cycle cost 30 including the total, and the display means 7 functions to compare and display the calculated life cycle cost 30 and the budget amount 15.

Preferably, a unit price database of maintenance costs and repair costs is stored for each management grade, the management value 26 of the building is included in the design value 20, and the life cycle cost of the building is calculated for each management grade 26.

[0010]

1 shows a block diagram of an embodiment of a design support system of the present invention using a computer 1. As shown in FIG. The computer 1 includes a storage unit 2 and a computer 1.
An input program 5 that causes the computer 1 to function as the input means 3, a display program 9 that causes the computer 1 to function as the display means 9, and a calculation program that causes the computer 1 to function as the life cycle cost calculation means 6 are provided.
The input device 4 such as a keyboard or mouse connected to the computer 1 and the input program 5 constitute the input means 3, and the display device 8 such as the display 8a or the printer 8b and the display program 9 constitute the display means 7.

The storage means 2 stores a unit price database 11 for each building material and facility. The unit price database 11 in the illustrated example includes a unit price database 13 for each main structural material of a building and a unit price database 12 for each material / equipment other than the main structure. As shown in FIG. 3C, for example, as shown in FIG. 3C, the unit price database 13 of main structural materials includes temporary construction costs, civil engineering / groundwork costs, and building costs for each main construction structural material such as RC (reinforced concrete) or S (steel frame). Record the unit cost of construction such as construction cost. Disposal of each major structural material in the unit price database 13
The unit price of the disposal cost (disassembly cost) may be included. The unit price recorded in the unit price database 13 is mainly used for calculating the initial cost of the main structure of the building. When maintenance of the main structure is required, the unit price database 13 may include unit costs such as maintenance cost of the main structure, utility cost, renewal / repair cost (hereinafter, simply referred to as repair cost). .

On the other hand, in the unit price database 12 of materials / equipment other than the main structural materials, as shown in FIG. 3A, for example, the construction cost of roofs and outer walls of buildings, air-conditioning equipment, maintenance costs, water and heat Record the cost (unit consumption) and the unit cost of repairs by building use. The reason for recording according to use is that the running cost differs depending on the use of the building (for example, office or house) even if the same material / equipment is used.
In the maintenance cost in the figure, running costs such as facility maintenance costs and outer wall cleaning costs are recorded. In the repair cost, the running cost for updating and repairing each material / equipment is recorded. The amount of water and light consumed by each material and facility is recorded as
Based on the consumption amount and the utility cost unit price data 17 described later, the utility cost unit price is calculated. If necessary, the unit price database 12 may include the unit price of the disposal / disposal cost for each building material / equipment. Each material recorded in the unit price database 12
The equipment unit price is used to calculate the initial cost and running cost for each material / equipment other than the main structure.

The unit price database 12 in the illustrated example records the unit price of repair costs as the type and ratio of the components, in consideration of the building materials and equipment composed of a plurality of components. The repair cost unit price for each component is managed by a unit price database 12b provided separately as shown in FIG. 3B, for example. The databases shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B together form a unit price database 12 for building materials and equipment.

FIG. 2 shows an example of a flow chart of a building design support method using the design support system of FIG. 6 to 17 show an example of the input program 5, FIG. 18 shows an example of the display program 9, and FIGS. 19 to 21 show an example of a form as a display result of the display program 9. Hereinafter, the design support system and program of the present invention will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 2 and FIGS.

Steps 201 to 204 of FIG. 2 show an initial process. First, in step 201, a unit price database 11 for building materials and equipment as shown in FIGS. 3A to 3C is created and stored in the storage means 2 of the computer 1. The unit price database 11 is input via a database input program which is a part of the input program 5, for example. In the illustrated example, the database input program is started by clicking the basic data edit field on the lower left side of the condition setting screen shown in FIG. 7 with a mouse or the like.

In step 202, the utility cost unit price data 17
Is stored in the storage means 2. Utility cost data
For example, 17 is input through the utility cost unit price input program started by clicking the utility cost setting field on the left side of the condition setting screen of FIG. 7. Utility cost data 17
For example, as shown in FIG. 4A, the unit price of electricity, gas, water and sewage, kerosene, district heat source, etc. is recorded according to the purpose of use of the building. The reason for recording for each use is that the unit price may differ depending on the use. Utility cost data 17
Is mainly used for calculation of running cost related to energy consumption (utility cost) of a building.

In step 203, maintenance cost unit price data 18 is input and stored in the storage means 2. Maintenance cost unit price data 18
Is input via the maintenance cost unit price input program started by clicking the maintenance cost setting field or the basic data editing field on the left side of the condition setting screen of FIG. 7, for example. In the maintenance cost unit price data 18, for example, as shown in FIG. 4 (B), unit costs such as facility management costs, cleaning costs, security costs, and consumables are recorded for each use. The maintenance cost unit price data 18 is mainly used for calculating a running cost related to maintenance of a building. However, since the running costs related to maintenance / inspection of building materials / equipment among the running costs related to building maintenance differ for each material / equipment, the maintenance cost unit price data 18 in FIG. The unit price database 12a of FIG.

At step 204, the tax rate such as property tax,
Inputting economic indicators such as fire insurance premium rate, interest rate, price increase rate, personnel cost increase rate, water and utility cost increase rate, etc., storage means 2
Remember. The tax rate, insurance rate, economic index, etc. are input through the economic index input program (screen) shown in FIG. 9 which is started by clicking the economic index column on the upper side of the condition setting screen shown in FIG. 7, for example. Tax rates, insurance rates, economic indicators, etc. are mainly used to calculate running costs related to general administrative costs of buildings. However, the economic index and the like are not essential for the design support according to the present invention, and step 204 can be omitted.

After the initial processing of steps 201 to 204, the total budget 15 of the building is input and stored in the storage means 2 in step 206. The total budget amount is input, for example, via the budget amount input program (screen) of FIG. 8 which is activated by clicking the giving condition input field at the top of the condition setting screen of FIG. 7. In the budget amount input program shown in FIG. 8, the budget amount is input for each of the construction cost, utility cost, maintenance cost, planning / design cost, renewal / repair cost, and general management cost. If necessary, the budget for disposal / disposal costs (demolition costs) may be included. However, since the general administrative expenses can be automatically calculated based on the above-mentioned tax rate / insurance rate, etc., when the tax rate / insurance rate is input, the budget amount of the general administration cost may be omitted.

Next, at step 207, for example, as shown in FIG.
The design value 20 of the building is set in the computer 1 through the condition setting input program (screen) and the like. As shown in the block diagram of FIG. 1, the design value 20 of the building is the design value 21 of the area of the building, the design value 22 of the number of floors, the design value 23 of the area ratio by use, and the building materials and equipment. It includes a design value 24 and a lifetime design value 25.

In FIG. 7, the total floor area, the building area, the standard floor total floor area, and the outer wall found area are set as the design value 21 of the area of the building. Further, as the design value 22 of the number of floors of the building, the number of basement floors and the number of floors above the building, and the maximum height are set. The design value 21 of the area and the design value 22 of the number of floors are both used to calculate the initial cost (construction cost) of the building and the running cost (cleaning cost, security cost, consumables, etc.) for maintenance. However, of the design values 21 of the area, the standard floor total floor area / building area / outer wall found area of the building can be automatically calculated from the design values of the total floor area and the number of floors. The setting can be omitted if detailed examination is not required. In addition, the maximum height of the floor design values 22 can be automatically calculated from the ground floor design values and the empirical average height per unit floor, so detailed examination of the maximum height is not required. In this case, the setting can be omitted. That is, in the condition setting input program, it is sufficient to set the total floor area and the number of floors above and below as the design values 21 and 22 of the area and number of floors of the building.

Further, in FIG. 7, as the design value 23 of the area ratio by use of the building, the main use of the building, the area ratio thereof,
Specification form, secondary use, area ratio, use form,
External opening ratio by main use / sub-use / Unit floor (1 floor)
Set the average number of rooms per unit and the area ratio of common areas.
As the usage / area ratio, for example, the area ratio of the total floor area of the building used as an office or a house is set.
As the usage pattern, for example, whether it is a rental building, whether it is a partial rental, or the like is set. The external opening ratio is used for calculating life cycle costs such as construction costs and cleaning costs for openings such as windows of buildings. The average number of rooms per unit floor is used to calculate the life cycle costs such as construction costs and maintenance costs for building rooms. The area ratio of the common area is used to calculate the life cycle cost of the common area of the building. However,
The external opening ratio, the average number of rooms per unit floor, and the area ratio of the common area can be estimated from other design values based on empirical rules, so the setting can be omitted if these design values 23 do not require detailed examination. . That is, in the condition setting input program, it suffices to set the area ratio and usage pattern for each application as the design value 23 of the application-specific area ratio.

Further, in FIG. 7, the design value 24a of the main structural material of the building material and equipment 24 is set. The design value 24a of the main structural material is set by selecting one of the main structural materials from the unit price database 13 (see FIG. 3C) for each main structural material stored in the storage unit 2. On the other hand, among the building materials and equipment 24, the design value 24b of building materials other than the main structure and the design value 24c of building equipment are activated by clicking the construction cost setting field on the left side of the condition setting screen of FIG. It is set through the design value input program (screen) of 10 to 14.

In the building material design value input program (screen) shown in FIG. 10, it is used as a roof, an outer wall, an outer wall fitting, an outer glass, an inner floor, an inner ceiling, an inner fitting, etc. according to the main use / sub-use of the building. The design value of the type of building materials to be used
Set as. In this case, the design value of the type of building material is 24
b is set by selecting any building material from the unit price database 12 of materials and equipment stored in the storage means 2 (see FIGS. 3A and 3B) according to the purpose.

In the design value input program (screen) of the air-conditioning equipment shown in FIG. 11, the type of air-conditioning equipment, the air-conditioning method, and the adoption ratio when a plurality of equipments or methods are used according to the main use / sub-use of the building Set the design value of 24c. In this case as well, the design value 24c of the air conditioning facility / air conditioning system is set by selecting one from the unit price database 12 of the facility shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B according to the application. Furthermore, in the design value input program in the same figure, if necessary, the energy type (gas, kerosene, etc.) when using a boiler or adsorption heat exchanger as air conditioning equipment, type / adoption ratio of smoke exhaust equipment, cogeneration equipment Design value 24c such as type, capacity, power generation efficiency, etc. is set. The smoke exhaust facility and the cogeneration facility are also selected from the unit price database 12 of the facility shown in FIGS.

In the design value input program (screen) of the sanitary equipment shown in FIG. 12, water supply equipment, miscellaneous water equipment, fire extinguishing equipment, wastewater (medium water) treatment equipment,
Set the design value 24c for kitchen equipment. In the design value input program (screen) of the electric equipment shown in FIG. 13, the design value 24c of the power receiving and transforming equipment, the private power generation equipment, the storage battery equipment, etc. is set according to the main use / sub-use of the building. In addition, in the design value input program (screen) of the elevator equipment shown in FIG. 14, the type and number of common elevators by the main use / sub-use of the building,
Design value 24c such as type and number of emergency elevator, type and number of escalator, type and number of roof gondola
To set. The design values 24c of these sanitary equipment, electric equipment, and elevator equipment are also set by selecting any one from the unit price database 12 of the equipment shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B according to the application.

Further, in the design value input program (screen) of the energy saving method shown in FIG. 15, the types of the energy saving method in the air-conditioning equipment, electric equipment (lighting equipment, etc.) and sanitary equipment and their Set the design value of recruitment rate 24c. Further, for each of these energy saving methods, the corresponding increase rate of the initial cost (construction cost) and reduction rate of the running cost are stored in the storage means 2 in advance or set by the design value input program of FIG. Design value 24c of energy saving method set in Fig. 15
Is used to calculate the initial cost and running cost of building equipment. However, design value of energy saving method
24c is not essential to the invention.

In the condition setting input program of FIG. 7, the type and number of mechanical parking lots can be set as the design value 24c of equipment other than air conditioning equipment, sanitary equipment, electric equipment, and elevator equipment. Design value 24c of mechanical parking lot,
It is set by selecting from the unit price database 12 of materials and equipment shown in FIGS. 3 (A) and 3 (B). As described above, in the present invention, on condition that the unit price database 12 of materials and equipment shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B is stored, equipment other than air conditioning equipment, sanitary equipment, electrical equipment, and elevator equipment is installed. The life cycle cost can be calculated by setting the design value 24c as necessary, and the design value 24c of the facility can be reconsidered based on the calculated life cycle cost.

After setting the design value 20 of the building in step 207, for example, the calculation column on the upper side of the condition setting screen of FIG. 7 is clicked to activate the life cycle cost calculation program 6. In the illustrated example, when the calculation program 6 is started, the calculation condition setting screen shown in FIG. 17 is displayed, and on the calculation condition setting screen, the design value of the lifetime of the building (calculation period) 25
To set. The lifetime design value 25 is used to calculate the running cost of the building. After setting the design value 25 of the lifetime, by clicking the calculation execution column at the bottom of the calculation condition setting screen, calculation of the life cycle cost by the calculation program 6 is started.

In step 208, the calculation program 6
First, the building construction cost 31 (initial cost) is calculated. As shown in FIG. 1, the calculation program 6 inputs the design value 21 of the area of the building, the design value 22 of the number of floors, the design value 23 of the area ratio by use, and the design value 24 of the building material / equipment, and the figure The construction cost 31 of the building is calculated based on the unit price databases 12a, 12b, 13 of 3 (A) to (C). The design values 24 of the building materials and equipment shown in FIG. 1 are the design values 24a of the main structural materials set in FIG. 7, the design values 24b of the building materials other than the main structure set in FIG. And the design value 24c of the equipment set in 15. When the design value 24c of the energy saving method of the equipment is set in FIG. 15, the construction cost 31 of the building is calculated based on the increase rate of the initial cost by the energy saving method. Preferably, the initial cost of the building includes the planning / design cost of the building calculated by multiplying the construction cost 31 by a fixed rate (see FIG. 19).

Following the calculation of the initial cost, step
At 209, the running cost of the building is calculated.
The calculation program 6 uses the design values 21 to 24 described above and FIG.
From the design value 25 for the life of the building set in 1., based on the unit price database 11, the utility cost unit price data 17 and the maintenance cost unit price data 18 described above, the maintenance cost for each year during the life of the building 32 ・ Utility cost 33 ・ Repair cost 34 (see Fig. 19) is calculated, and maintenance cost during the lifetime 32 ・ Utility cost 33 ・ Repair cost 34
Calculate the running cost as the cumulative total of. When calculating the present value, use the interest rate. Also in this case, if the design value 24c of the energy saving method of the equipment is set, it is based on the reduction rate of the running cost by the energy saving method, and if the economic index etc. is set in step 204, the index is considered. Then, the running cost of the building is calculated. Preferably, the running cost of the building is the general administrative cost 37 calculated based on the tax rate / insurance rate entered in step 204, and the disposal / disposal cost calculated based on the demolition cost recorded in the unit price database 11.
36 and 36 (see FIG. 19).

In step 210, the life cycle cost 30 of the building is calculated as the sum of the initial cost calculated in step 208 and the running cost calculated in step 209, and in step 211, the life cycle cost of the building is calculated by the display program 9. The calculated value of the cost 30 and the total budget of the construction cost are compared and displayed (see FIG. 19). In step 212, it is judged whether or not the calculated value of the life cycle cost 30 is less than or equal to the budget amount, and if the calculated value of the life cycle cost 30 exceeds the budget amount, the process returns to step 207 and the design value of the area of the building Steps 207 to 2 while resetting 21, the floor floor design value 22, the area-specific design value 23, the building material / equipment design value 24, and the lifetime design value 25.
Repeat 11 By repeating steps 207 to 211 until the calculated value of the life cycle cost 30 becomes less than or equal to the budget amount, the building area 21, the number of floors 22, the usage-based area ratio 23, the building materials / equipment 24, and A design value of 20 with a lifetime of 25 can be selected.

For example, design values of building materials and equipment for buildings
Design value of area while keeping 24 and design value of lifetime 25 constant
By repeating steps 207 to 211 while changing 21, the design value 22 of the number of floors, and the design value 23 of the area ratio by use,
The structural type of the building can be selected so that its life cycle is within the budget amount. By changing the design values of building materials and equipment 24 as well, the design values of building materials and equipment that are within the budget range 24
It is also possible to select. By repeating steps 207 to 211 while changing the lifetime design value 25, it is possible to select the building lifetime design value 25 that gives the life cycle cost 30 within the budget range.

Further, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 21, for example, the running cost of a building can be calculated in detail for each building material and equipment, so that which design value 20 is changed can reduce the running cost. You can judge relatively easily. Moreover, according to the present invention, not only the running cost but also the initial cost is recalculated according to the change of the design value 20, so that it is expected that the optimum design value 20 in which both are balanced is always selected.

After the desired design value 20 for the specific building is obtained, it is judged in step 213 whether or not it is necessary to consider another budget amount, and if another budget amount is considered, step 205 is performed. Go back to steps 205-21
Repeat 2. In this case, the unit price database 11, the utility cost unit price data 17, and the maintenance cost unit price data 18 are stored in the storage means 2.
Since it is already stored in, the design value of the building can be considered relatively easily by simply entering the budget amount. According to the present invention, it is possible to study the design value of a building based on the life cycle cost 30 without the assistance of a technical expert such as a designer.

In this way, it is possible to provide the object of the present invention, "a method and system for designing a building in which the design value of the building having a life cycle cost commensurate with the budget amount can be easily examined".

[0037]

EXAMPLE FIG. 5 shows an example of a flow chart of a design support method of the present invention for studying a design value 26 of a building management grade. The building management grade is an index indicating the quality of the maintenance content of the building. If the quality of the maintenance content of the building is improved, the running cost for maintenance increases, but the running cost for repair can be kept low, for example. On the contrary, by lowering the quality of the maintenance content, the running cost for maintenance can be kept low, but the running cost for repair may increase. When planning and designing a building that gives the optimum life cycle cost within the budget, it is desirable to consider the management grade design value26 of the building.

In the flow chart of FIG. 5 for examining the design value 26 of the management grade, in the step 501, the unit price database 11
When creating, the unit price of maintenance and repair costs for each building material / equipment is stored for each management grade. For example, in FIG.
Fig. 3 shows the maintenance unit price of each building material and equipment in (A)
The unit price of renewal / repair of each component in (B) is the unit price of management grade A that performs sufficient preventive maintenance of buildings, and the unit price of management grade C that performs only the minimum necessary maintenance management.
It is divided into three types of unit price of management grade B for performing ordinary maintenance management and stored. However, the type and content of the management grade are not limited to this example.

In step 511, the design value 26 of the building management grade is set in the computer 1 through the management grade design value input program (screen) of FIG. 16, for example. In the illustrated example, the management grade design value input program is started by clicking the maintenance cost setting field on the left side of the condition setting screen of FIG. 7. In the design value input program of FIG. 16, the management grade of the entire building is set by selecting any of the management grades A to C, for example. Further, in FIG. 16, facility management, cleaning, security of buildings,
It is also possible to set a management grade design value 26 for each maintenance item such as maintenance inspection. For example, if the management grade of the entire building is normal (management grade B), but if advanced preventive maintenance inspection (management grade A) is required for the equipment, the management grade of the entire building is shown in FIG. The control grade B is set as the design value 26, and the control grade A is set as the design value 26 of the maintenance grade for maintenance and inspection.
To set.

After setting the design value 26 of the management grade, the running cost of the building is calculated in step 512. Steps 512 to 514 related to calculation of running cost, calculation of life cycle cost, and comparison display of budget amount and life cycle cost use the maintenance cost unit price and repair cost unit price of the unit price database 11 according to the set management grade. Except for the points, the processing is the same as steps 209 to 211 in FIG. In step 515, it is judged whether or not the calculated value of the life cycle cost is less than or equal to the budget amount.If the calculated value of the life cycle cost exceeds the budget amount, the process returns to step 511 and the design value 26 of the management grade is set. Repeat steps 511-515 while fixing. By repeating steps 511 to 515 until the calculated value of the life cycle cost becomes less than or equal to the budget amount, it is possible to select the management grade design value 26 that matches the budget amount. Return from step 515 to step 507 and set the design value 26 of the management grade to the area 2
It may be considered together with 1, the number of floors 22, the area ratio by use 23, the building materials / equipment 24, and the design value 20 of the lifetime 25.

In step 512, the running cost is calculated based on the set management grade design value 26, and the running cost in the case of the minimum required management grade is calculated. The calculated values of a plurality of different life cycle costs and the budget amount can be compared and displayed (FIG. 19).
And 20). By this comparison display, it is possible to facilitate the selection of the design value 26 of the management grade corresponding to the budget amount.

Steps 501 to 508 in the flow chart of FIG. 5 show the same processing as steps 201 to 208 in FIG. In FIG. 5, after calculating the initial cost of the building in step 508, the calculated value of the initial cost and the budget amount of the construction cost are compared and displayed in step 509, and the calculated value of the initial cost is calculated as the budget of the construction cost in step 510. The running cost is calculated after confirming that it is less than the amount. However, the confirmation in step 510 does not need to be strict, and even if the calculated value of the initial cost exceeds the budget amount of the construction cost, if the difference is within the allowable range, proceed to step 511 and include the running cost. The design value 20 can be considered from the entire life cycle cost.
Steps 509 and 510 are not essential to the present invention and may be omitted.

In the flow charts of FIGS. 2 and 5, the location of the building (for example, the prefecture name) is input when the life cycle cost of the building is calculated, and the life cycle cost in consideration of the location is calculated. The energy unit cost and labor cost unit price may differ depending on the location of the building, so in order to calculate the detailed life cycle cost, the unit price database 11, water and utility cost unit price 17, depending on the location of the building,
And it is desirable to adjust the maintenance cost unit price data 18.

In the illustrated example, the unit price conversion table 16 for each location as shown in FIG. 2D is stored in the computer 1 (see FIG. 1), and in steps 205 and 505 of FIGS.
The location of the building and the case name (building name) are input through the initial screen of the input program shown in FIG. Then, by clicking the case-specific input field on the upper side of the initial screen, the condition setting input program of FIG. 7 is started to set various design values 20 and the budget amount of the building. When calculating the life cycle cost, select the conversion index according to the location from the unit price conversion table 16 in Fig. 2 (D) based on the entered location, and then select the unit price database 11, the utility cost unit price data 17, and the maintenance cost unit price. After correcting the unit price recorded in the data 18 with the conversion index according to the location, the initial cost and running cost of the building are calculated. With this correction, it becomes possible to calculate the life cycle cost of the building according to the location.

According to the present invention, the maintenance cost, the utility cost, and the repair cost of the building are stored in the unit price database 11 by storing the maintenance cost, the utility cost, and the repair cost for each elapsed year after construction. It can be calculated in detail according to the elapsed years after construction. For example, the unit price database 12b of FIG. 3 (B)
In addition, because the unit price and the period and ratio that require renewal / repair are recorded, the running cost related to repair of each material / equipment can be calculated over time. Also, FIG. 4 (B)
Since the maintenance cost unit price table 18 records the intervals at which special cleaning is required, the running cost for special cleaning can be calculated in longitude. Regarding the maintenance cost of the unit price database 12a of FIG. 3A, for example, if the period during which maintenance and inspection is required is recorded, the running cost for maintenance and inspection can be calculated over time.

Therefore, if the budget amount of the annual maintenance cost is input in the budget amount input program of FIG.
As shown in 21, the maintenance cost in the life cycle cost
It is possible to compare and display utility costs and repair costs and annual maintenance costs in the budget amount for each elapsed year. In FIG. 8, the budget amount of the maintenance cost by year is input as the repair ratio and the update ratio for each year with respect to the construction cost budget amount. For example, if the repair ratio / renewal ratio for each year is set based on the revenue forecast of building rent, etc., the revenue forecast and the running cost for repair / renewal of each material / equipment can be compared and displayed. , It is possible to select the optimum design value of building materials and equipment within the profit forecast.

The design support program of the present invention can be recorded in various recording media and provided, and the recording media are read by the computer 1 and the design values of the building are examined according to the flowcharts of FIGS. 2 and 5. You can Also, FIG.
In the block diagram of FIG. 3, the design support program of the present invention can be used from a remote location by connecting the input device 4 and the display device 8 to the computer 1 via a communication line such as the Internet.

[0048]

As described above, the method, system and program for designing a building according to the present invention store a unit price database for each use of each building material and equipment and a total budget of the building in a computer. , The building's area and number of floors, area ratio by use, building materials and equipment, and design value consisting of the lifetime are set in the computer, and the life cycle cost of the building and the budget amount calculated from the design value based on the database. By comparing and displaying, and repeating the cycle from the setting to the display while changing the design value, the design value which gives the life cycle cost commensurate with the budget amount is selected, so that the following remarkable effect is obtained.

(A) At the planning and designing stage of the building,
It is possible to select design values such as the structural type of buildings, specifications of building materials and equipment, etc. that give life cycle costs commensurate with the budget amount. (B) It can also contribute to the examination of the life of a building that gives the life cycle cost within the budget amount. (C) It is possible to easily study the design value of a building based on the life cycle cost without the assistance of a technical expert such as a designer. (D) Since not only the running cost but also the initial cost is recalculated in accordance with the change of the design value, the optimum design value in which the two are well balanced can always be selected. (E) By adding the management grade of the building to the design value, it is possible to study the quality of the maintenance content of the building that gives the optimum life cycle cost within the budget. (F) Since the running cost for each construction material / equipment can be calculated in detail, it can be expected to be applied to the evaluation of renewal / repair plans based on the earnings forecast of rent of buildings. (G) By providing a computer with a learning function for design values of buildings, it is expected that the selection of design values of buildings that gives a life cycle cost commensurate with the budget amount will be facilitated and the development of automation will be expected.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an example of a flow diagram illustrating the method and program of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of an example of a unit price database and a site-specific unit price conversion table.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of an example of utility cost unit price data and maintenance cost unit price data.

FIG. 5 is another example of a flowchart showing the method and program of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of an input program (initial screen).

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a condition setting input program (screen).

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a budget amount input program (screen).

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of an economic index input program (screen).

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a design value input program (screen) for a building material.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a design value input program (screen) for air conditioning equipment.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of a design value input program (screen) for sanitary equipment.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of a design value input program (screen) for electric equipment.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of a design value input program (screen) for elevator equipment.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of a design value input program (screen) of the energy saving method.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of a management grade design value input program (screen).

FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of a calculation condition setting screen of the calculation program.

FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram of a display program (screen).

FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram of an example of a comparison form of a life cycle cost and a budget amount.

FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram of another example of the comparison form of the life cycle cost and the budget amount.

FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram of still another example of the comparison form of the life cycle cost and the budget amount.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Computer 2 ... Storage means 3 ... Input means 4 ... Input device 5 ... Input program 6 ... Calculation means (calculation program) 7 ... Display means 8 ... Display device 8a ... Display 8b ... Printer 9 ... Display program 10 ... Form 11 ... Unit price database 12… Unit price database for main structural materials 13… Unit price database for building materials and equipment other than the main structure 15… Total budget 16… Unit price conversion table 17… Utility cost unit price data 18… Maintenance cost unit price data 20… Design value 21… Design value for area 22… Design value for floors 23… Design value for area ratio by application 24… Design value for building materials and equipment 24a… Design value for main structural materials 24b… For building materials other than main structural materials Design value 24c… Design value of building equipment 25… Design value of lifetime 26… Design value of management grade 27… Location (prefecture) 30… Life cycle cost 31… Construction cost 32… Maintenance cost 33… Utility cost 34… Repair costs 35 ... Planning・ Design 37… General administrative cost 36… Disposal / disposal costs

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Shinichi Yamaguchi             Kashima-ken, 1-2-7 Moto-Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo             Inside the corporation (72) Inventor Atsushi Yasuhara             Kashima-ken, 1-2-7 Moto-Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo             Inside the corporation (72) Inventor Mitsutoshi Ono             Kashima-ken, 1-2-7 Moto-Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo             Inside the corporation (72) Inventor Nobuo Matsuno             Kashima-ken, 1-2-7 Moto-Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo             Inside the corporation (72) Inventor Yasushi Otani             Kashima-ken, 1-2-7 Moto-Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo             Inside the corporation (72) Inventor, Yoshio Sato             Kashima-ken, 1-2-7 Moto-Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo             Inside the corporation (72) Inventor Junichi Kondo             Kashima-ken, 1-2-7 Moto-Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo             Inside the corporation (72) Inventor Osamu Takeda             Kashima-ken, 1-2-7 Moto-Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo             Inside the corporation (72) Inventor Takeshi Doihara             Kashima-ken, 1-2-7 Moto-Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo             Inside the corporation (72) Inventor Masayuki Suzuki             2-25-1, Shimoochiai, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo F term (reference) 5B046 AA03 CA04 GA01 GA02 HA04                       HA05

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A computer stores a unit price database of construction costs, maintenance costs, water and heat costs, repair costs and total budget of buildings by use for each building material and facility, and the area and number of floors of the building. A design value consisting of the area ratio according to application, building materials and equipment, and life is set in the computer, and the total construction cost of the building based on the database from the design value and maintenance cost / utility cost during the life period / By calculating a life cycle cost including a total of the total of repair costs, comparing and displaying the calculated life cycle cost and the budget amount, and repeating the cycle from the setting to the display while changing the design value, A method for supporting the design of a building, which supports the selection of the design value that gives a life cycle cost commensurate with the budget amount. 2. The design support method according to claim 1, wherein a unit price database of the maintenance cost and the repair cost is stored for each management grade, and the life cycle cost of the building is managed by including the management grade of the building in the design value. Building design support method calculated for each grade. 3. The design support method according to claim 1 or 2,
The unit price conversion table for each location is stored in the computer, the location of the building is input to the computer, and the life cycle cost of the building based on the input location and the design value based on the database and the unit price conversion table. A method for supporting the design of buildings, which is obtained by calculating. 4. The design support method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an item of annual maintenance cost is provided in the budget amount, and the progress after construction of the unit price database of the maintenance cost, the utility cost, and the repair cost. Stored by year, calculate maintenance costs, utility costs, and repair costs in the life cycle costs for each of the above years,
A design support method for a building, which compares and displays maintenance costs / utility costs / repair costs in the life cycle costs and maintenance costs by year in the budget amount by the elapsed years. 5. The design support method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the life cycle cost of the building includes the planning / design cost, the disposal / disposal cost of the building, and the tax and insurance during the life of the building. A method for designing a building that includes the total of general and administrative expenses of. 6. A unit price database storing a construction cost / maintenance cost / utility cost / repair cost for each building material and use for each facility in a building design support system using a computer, and a total budget amount of the building. A storage means for storing, an input means for setting a design value consisting of an area and the number of floors of the building, an area ratio by application, a building material and equipment, and a lifetime, and a total value of the building based on the design value based on the database. Calculation means for calculating life cycle cost including total of construction cost and maintenance cost / utility cost / repair cost during lifetime, and display means for comparing and displaying the calculated life cycle cost and the budget amount A cycle consisting of setting by the input means, calculation of the life cycle cost by the calculating means, and comparison display by the display means while changing the design value. Design support system of the building which is to support the selection of the design value which gives the life cycle cost commensurate with the budget by returning Ri. 7. The system according to claim 6, wherein the storage unit stores a unit price database of maintenance costs and repair costs for each management grade, and the design value includes the management grade of the building, and the calculating unit calculates the building cost. Building design support system that calculates life cycle costs for each management grade. 8. The system according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the storage unit stores a unit price conversion table for each location, the location of the building is input from the input unit, and the location and the design value are calculated by the calculation unit. A design support system for buildings, which calculates the life cycle cost of the building based on the database and the unit price conversion table. 9. A computer for supporting the design of a building, a construction cost / maintenance cost for each use of each building material and equipment,
A unit price database that stores utility costs and repair costs, and storage means that stores the total budget of the building, and the design value consisting of the area and number of floors of the building, the area ratio by use, building materials and equipment, and the life of the building. Input means to be set, calculation means for calculating the life cycle cost including the total of the total construction cost of the building and the maintenance cost / utility cost / repair cost during the lifetime based on the database from the design value, And a building design support program that functions as display means for comparing and displaying the calculated life cycle cost and the budget amount. 10. The program according to claim 9, wherein a unit cost database of maintenance costs and repair costs is stored in the storage means for each management grade, and the design value includes the management grade of the building, and the calculating means calculates the building A building design support program that calculates life cycle costs for each management grade. 11. The program according to claim 9 or 10, wherein a unit price conversion table for each location is stored in the storage means, the location of the building is input from the input means, and the location and design value are calculated by the calculating means. A building design support program for calculating the life cycle cost of the building based on the database and the unit price conversion table.