JP2003012387A - Compost - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide compost which is very rich in utilities by making wood chip excreted from a race track as a main raw material as a part of recycling, and also adding fermentation material while making fermentation method peculiar. SOLUTION: The wood chip and wood shave finely crushed or primary fermented by aged use are mixed with a fermentation material Bakutamon(R) and several kinds of raw materials of organic/inorganic fertilizer, the raw material of mixed compost 101 is fermented in fermentation vessel 10. At this time, by intermittent air supplying, the aerobic fermentation and anaerobic fermentation are repeatedly performed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to compost produced using wood that is difficult to decompose.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Since wood contains persistent substances such as cellulose and lignin, its composting is not easy. However, regarding this point, for example,
The inventions described in 07-010669 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 08-132009 disclose a method for decomposing wood into compost.

However, these are all inventions made from the viewpoint of "how to efficiently convert difficult-to-decompose wood into compost", and it is not intended to improve the effectiveness of the compost itself produced by using wood. There wasn't.

[0004]

In a racetrack, a practice field, or a horse camp, wood chips or wood shave are spread to a predetermined thickness as a cushioning floor material. Wood chips and wood shave are crushed pieces of raw cedar and cypress wood into small pieces. Since these wood chips and the like are finely crushed by the hoofs of horses, they lose their function as cushioning materials after long-term use. Therefore, used wood chips have conventionally been disposed of as industrial waste, although they must be replaced with new ones every few years. However, the amount is enormous, and it has been difficult to handle the industrial waste as regulations on industrial waste are tightened.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and its purpose is to use, as a main raw material, small pieces of wood discharged from a racetrack or other ground as a part of recycling. The purpose of the present invention is to provide compost that is extremely rich in utility by adding a microbial material to it while making the fermentation method of wood unique.

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problems] The compost according to the present invention, which has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, comprises a) a small piece of wood, b) a raw material for fertilizer, and c) three types of filamentous fungi, Aspergillius, Mucor and Resoups. And a microbial material containing yeast Hansenula,
Is produced by fermenting the mixture of

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The filamentous fungus and yeast contained in the microbial material ferment / decompose a part of a small piece of wood and also ferment / decompose a fertilizer raw material to produce fertilizer components such as phosphoric acid and potassium. To generate. In addition, the remaining part of the small pieces of wood becomes a porous body due to carbonization by performing an appropriate fermentation treatment,
Due to its water-retaining property and bacteriostatic property, its effectiveness as compost is improved.

The filamentous fungi and yeasts also release plant growth hormones (amino acid derivatives), vitamins B and enzymes into the soil, and these act comprehensively on crops to improve their growth condition. In addition, these fungi promote the aggregate structure of soil, making them suitable for crop cultivation. Furthermore, it also has the effect of suppressing the activity of pathogenic bacteria.

As the small pieces of wood, it is preferable to use wood chips or wood shavings that have been used for a long time as a cushioning material for a horse bed. These are further finely crushed by aging, and since the primary fermentation has already been carried out,
It can be used very suitably as a compost material.
This solves the problem of waste such as a large amount of wood chips discharged from racetracks and the like, and also has the effect of reducing the cost of compost according to the present invention.

As the fertilizer raw material, chicken manure, bone meal, rice bran, and okara can be used singly or as a mixture of two or more kinds. Although these can themselves be industrial wastes, they can be effectively used as compost by the present invention.

As the microbial material containing the above three types of filamentous fungi and yeast, it is convenient to use "Bactamon" (registered trademark) manufactured by Okabe Sangyo Co., Ltd. in Hyogo Prefecture.
"Bactamon" is a microbial material that is produced by charging the above three types of filamentous fungi (Aspergillius, Mucor, and Rhizopus) and one type of yeast (Hansenula) into mineral powder. In short, 72% silicic acid and 13% gravel soil
・ Iron oxide 6% ・ Lime 1% ・ Magnesium 0.5% ・ Nitrogen 0.1% ・ Phosphoric acid 0.1%
・ Kari is 0.1%.

[0012]

EXAMPLE A first example of the present invention will be described. In this embodiment, wood chips that have been used for 2 years are used as a floor material for a horse riding training center. During this use, the wood chips are finely ground and already primary fermented.

A fertilizer raw material is added to the wood chips, and the bactamone is added as a microbial material to obtain the following composition. Wood chips… 800L (400kg) to 1200L (600kg) Bhaktamon… 2.4kg to 3.6kg Chicken manure… 36kg to 54kg Sulfuric acid potassium… 2.4kg to 3.6kg Bone meal… 1.6kg to 2.4kg Beer yeast… 32kg to 48kg Rice bran… 24kg to 36kg

The mixture (compost raw material) having the above composition is well kneaded by a kneader and then stored in a fermenter and fermented.
Here, the method of fermentation in the fermenter will be described with reference to FIGS.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, width L1 = about 5 m,
A total of 10 fermenters 10 having a depth L2 = about 8 m and a height L3 = about 3 m are arranged side by side, and a warehouse 11 is provided behind them. Figure 3
As shown in, a roof 12 is provided above the fermentation tank 10,
It prevents rainwater from directly flowing into the fertilizer raw material 101 in the fermenter 10. As shown in FIG. 2, three grooves 102 are dug in the floor of each fermenter 10, and an air supply pipe 103 is provided in each groove.
To lay. High pressure air is sent to each air supply pipe 103 from a pump provided in the warehouse 11.

The operation method of the fermenter 10 thus constructed is as follows. The above-mentioned compost raw material 1 in the fermenter 10.
After adding 01, air is supplied from the pump to the air supply pipe 103 at intervals of 30 minutes for 5 minutes (that is, jetting for 5 minutes-no jetting for 30 minutes). Fermentation by anaerobic microorganisms is mainly performed inside the compost raw material 101 while air is not ejected, and fermentation by aerobic microorganisms is performed while air is ejected from the air supply pipe 103 and for a short time thereafter.

In one fermenter 10, this air supply cycle of 5 minutes jetting-30 minutes no jetting is repeated for 90 days. At the end of this 90-day fermentation, the compost is completed and is discharged from the fermenter 10. The compost as a product is completed by adjusting the particle size of the delivered compost.

It should be noted that 10 fermenters 10 each have 10
This 90-day fermentation process is carried out by shifting day by day.

The fermentation carried out in the fermenter 10 has the following features. First, as in the above cycle, since there is an air supply time and a non-air supply time, both aerobic fermentation and anaerobic fermentation are repeated in the compost raw material 101 due to the action of aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms contained in bactamon. Done. At this time, although the temperature in the fermenter 10 temporarily drops slightly when air is blown out, high-temperature fermentation by anaerobic fermentation is generally performed in the compost raw material 101.

[0020] To adopt such a fermentation method,
It has the following advantages. First, most of the wood chips are carbonized by high temperature fermentation. Since the wood chips become carbonized to become a porous body, and their water retention and bactericidal properties are enhanced, the effectiveness of the compost containing them is also improved. Further, by repeating both aerobic fermentation and anaerobic fermentation, other organic substances such as wood chips and poultry manure remaining without being carbonized by high temperature fermentation are fermented almost completely.

Further, since the compost produced by high temperature fermentation is in a dry granular state, it is convenient and hygienic. There is no odor.

An example of the chemical composition of compost according to this embodiment is as follows. Carbon-nitrogen ratio: 9 Nitrogen: 0.71% Phosphoric acid: 1.46% Kari: 0.54% Moisture: 43.62% Silicic acid: 33.00% Magnesium: 0.33% pH: 6.7

A second embodiment of compost according to the present invention will be described. In this embodiment, in addition to the wood chips described above, a wood shave that is a finer wood chip than this is used. The wood shave is laid on the floor of the stable instead of straw, and the demand for straw has increased in recent years due to the rising price of straw. In the case of wood shave, it is piled up after cutting for several years, and then used as a raw material after being used in a stable. Therefore, at the stage of using it as a raw material for compost in the present example, primary fermentation has already been carried out similarly to wood chips.

The wood chips, wood shave, bactamon, and fertilizer raw material are blended as follows. Wood chip… 800L (400kg) to 1200L (600kg) Wood shave… 800L (288kg) to 1200L (432kg) Bactamon… 2.4kg to 3.6kg Chicken manure… 36kg to 54kg Sulfuric acid liquor… 2.4kg to 3.6kg Bone meal… 1.6kg to 2.4 kg Beer yeast… 32kg to 48kg Okara… 400L (184kg) to 600L (276kg)

The fermentation process is the same as in the first embodiment.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of an example of a fermentation facility for producing compost according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the fermentation facility.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 ... Fermenter 101 ... compost raw material 102 ... Pipe groove 103 ... Air supply pipe 11 ... Warehouse 12 ... Roof

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Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A compost produced by fermenting a mixture of a) a small piece of wood, b) a raw material for fertilizer, c) a microbial material containing three types of filamentous fungi Aspergillus, Mucor and Rhizopus and the yeast Hansenula. . 2. The compost according to claim 1, wherein the small pieces of wood are wood chips or wood shave used on a horse bed. 3. The compost according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fertilizer raw material contains one or a mixture of two or more kinds of chicken manure, bone meal, rice bran, and okara. 4. The compost according to claim 1, wherein the small pieces of wood are carbonized by high temperature fermentation with aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms.