JP2003010070A - Biodegradable toilet and water recovery method - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Problem] To make a device compact by evaporating sewage, reduce manufacturing and maintenance costs, and enable long-term operation without replenishment of washing water. SOLUTION: Solid waste and moisture containing a solid content supplied from a flush toilet 1 are stirred in a double-walled decomposition tank 2, mixed with a microorganism bed 21 to which microorganisms are adhered, and decomposed. The decomposition tank 2 is uniformly heated by the silicon rubber heater 5 provided on the bottom surface through the antifreeze of the heat medium filled between the double walls.
Evaporation plate 3 of porous ceramic provided on the bottom of evaporation tank 3
The evaporation of water is accelerated by the capillary action of No. 5. The water vapor is sent to the condensing tank 4 through the duct 36 and is cooled to become a liquid. The obtained clean water is sent to the washing water tank 60 and is reused.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is intended for temporary use in nature reserves where environmental pollution is not permitted, in mountainous areas where water supply is restricted, and in places where there is no water supply or sewerage facilities such as event sites, river beds, construction sites, etc. The present invention relates to a biodegradable toilet that is installed in a vehicle or installed in a moving body such as a vehicle, an aircraft, or a ship.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A flush toilet that can be used even in a place where there is no infrastructure for water supply or sewerage is disclosed in JP-A-10-131258. As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, this system separates the human waste discharged from the flush toilet 1 together with the wash water into solid matter and sewage, and uses the microorganisms in which the solid matter is attached to the bacterial bed in the decomposition tank 2. Then, the waste water is decomposed, purified by a water purifying device such as an adsorption filter, and recycled as washing water for the flush toilet 1.

The human waste and flush water are sent from the flush toilet 1 to the decomposition tank 2, and the solid waste is aerobically decomposed by the bacterial bed 21 (a waste decomposition base material) in which the microorganisms inhabit the decomposition tank 2. To be done. The stirrer 22 divides the waste into small pieces, oxygen is supplied to the microorganisms, and the aerobic state is maintained. The separated sewage is sent to the settling tank 30, where the solid content is precipitated and removed, purified by a water purification device filled with activated carbon, ceramics, soil, shells, etc., and once stored in the water purification tank 40, the fresh water tank 5
It is sent to the flush water tank 60 via 0 and used as flush water for the flush toilet 1.

[0004]

When the solid content and the water content of the human waste are separated and treated, a settling tank for removing the solid content in the waste water is required, which requires a large space. Fine solids and soluble organic substances are not removed only by allowing the sewage to settle, and the sewage is colored and smells while the treated water is being circulated. In order to remove soluble components, it is necessary to equip a water purification device filled with charcoal, activated carbon, porous ceramics, husks and the like, and maintenance of them is required, which increases management costs. Therefore, the solid content and the water are put into the sewage decomposition tank together and decomposed in the bacterial bed, and the water composed of the wash water and urine is evaporated to be processed, thereby making the apparatus compact and manufacturing cost and maintenance cost. Is to reduce.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems] A decomposition tank, and an evaporation tank and a condensation tank that are provided alongside the decomposition tank. A heating device is provided in the decomposition tank and the evaporation tank. By providing a duct for introducing and vaporizing the water vapor generated in the evaporation tank and the decomposition tank into the condensing tank, the entire apparatus is made compact, and the water vapor is returned to the liquid in the condensing tank for reuse. The decomposition tank has a double wall structure,
The heating medium is filled between the double walls to heat the whole tank uniformly. By evaporating the water in the evaporation tank and the decomposition tank and sending the water vapor to the condensation tank and returning it to the liquid, This is a compact device. Furthermore, the evaporation tank is provided with a porous evaporation plate to accelerate the evaporation of water, and the water vapor generated in the evaporation tank and the decomposition tank is guided to the condensation tank by a suction fan, cooled and condensed to be returned to the liquid. Used as cleaning water.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the basic constitution of the biodegradable toilet of the present invention comprises a flush toilet 1, a decomposition tank 2, an evaporation tank 3 and a condensation tank 4. The flush toilet 1 is a commonly used toilet bowl. The decomposition tank 2 is a stainless-steel bottom-type double-walled tank, and is provided with ribs 25 for maintaining strength between the inner wall 23 and the outer wall 24 and for providing strength to the tank at appropriate intervals. is there. An antifreeze liquid containing ethylene glycol or the like is filled between the inner and outer double walls as a heat medium, and the decomposition tank 2
The heat of the heating device provided at the bottom of the decomposition tank 2
It is transmitted evenly throughout. A hole 26 is formed in the rib 25 so that the heat medium can move through the rib 25. The heat medium is not limited to the antifreezing liquid, and may be any one that does not freeze even in the winter and can efficiently transfer the heat of the heating element to the entire decomposition tank 2.

The decomposition tank 2 is a bacterial bed 2 to which microorganisms that decompose solid waste (stool, toilet paper, etc.) are attached.
1 is filled. The fungus bed 21 uses an inorganic porous material such as ceramics or an organic porous material such as cedar chips, bamboo pieces, bamboo charcoal, wood pieces, charcoal, and sawdust.
Since bamboo pieces are lightweight and can be obtained at a relatively low cost, running costs can be suppressed.

A sheet-shaped silicon rubber heater 5 is attached to the outer wall 24 of the decomposition tank 2 in close contact with the outer wall 24, and the heat of the silicon rubber heater 5 is transferred to the entire decomposition tank 2 via a heat medium. The heat generation amount of the silicon rubber heater 5 is determined in consideration of the capacity of the power supply that can be installed in the toilet. When installing in a mountainous area, power is supplied by a solar cell and a large-capacity storage battery, so it is necessary to select a heating device with good heat generation efficiency.

A cover 27 is attached to the upper opening of the decomposition tank 2 via a seal. An opening is formed in the central portion of the cover 27, the outlet of the flush toilet 1 is connected, and human waste and washing water are thrown into the decomposition tank 2 through the opening. The cover 27 has a roof shape with an inclination from the center toward the side surface, and the water vapor generated in the decomposition tank 2 is condensed and attached to the inner surface of the cover 27 and is attached to the side wall of the decomposition tank 2. It flows down along the slope of the cover, water is collected by a gutter (not shown) provided on the side wall of the decomposition tank, and is reused as cleaning water. In order to prevent heat from being dissipated from the decomposition tank 2 and efficiently heat the decomposition tank 2 with low power, the outer wall 24 and the cover 2
A heat insulating material made of glass wool having a thickness of 50 mm is attached to No. 7.

Oxygen is supplied to the decomposition tank 2 to the fungal bed 21 such as cedar chips to maintain the decomposition tank 2 in an aerobic state.
A rotary stirring device 22 is provided for finely pulverizing the filth thrown in from the toilet bowl 1 and increasing the number of contact with microorganisms adhering to the fungal bed 21.

The stirring device 22 is a biaxial stirring device,
Rotation shafts are fixed to the walls at both ends of the decomposition tank 2 and are driven by an electric motor fixed on a base for fixing the flush toilet. Both shafts are adapted to rotate inwardly in the opposite directions, and the bacterial bed 21 filled in the decomposition tank 2 is agitated from the inner wall side toward the center of the decomposition tank. A stirring arm extends from the rotating shaft, and a stirring rod is attached to the tip of the stirring arm at an angle. By rotating the stirring device 22, the fungus bed 21 is agitated, air is sent to the microorganisms adhering to the fungus bed 21, the fungus bed 21 and the dirt are mixed, and the decomposition of the dirt progresses. The rotating shaft and the stirring arm of the stirring device 22 are made hollow to provide holes, and air is jetted to supply air to the fungal bed 21 to maintain the inside of the decomposition tank 2 aerobic and to decompose the microorganisms. Facilitate.

The bottom of the decomposition tank 2 is arranged slightly inclined in the longitudinal direction, and the evaporation tank 3 is provided side by side on the side where the bottom surface is high. A roof-shaped cover 27 is fixed to the upper surface of the evaporation tank 3 via a seal as in the decomposition tank 2. The evaporation tank 3 is
Since it is made of stainless steel and is of a ship bottom type like the decomposition tank 2 and is matched with the outer wall 25 of the decomposition tank 2, the inner bottom surface is lower than the bottom surface of the decomposition tank 2 by the amount of the double wall. Evaporation tank 3
The bottom of the decomposition tank 2 communicates with the entire width. A mesh made of stainless steel is installed as a partition in the communication part to prevent the fungal bed 21 from flowing into the evaporation tank 3 from the decomposition tank 2, and only water flows into the evaporation tank 3. The washing water and urine that have been put into the decomposition tank 2 from the flush toilet 1 are supplied to the decomposition tank 2, and when the water level reaches a certain level, they flow into the evaporation tank 3 beyond the reverse inclination of the bottom surface of the decomposition tank 2. A silicon rubber heater 5 is closely attached to the outer wall surface of the evaporating tank 3, and a glass wool heat insulating material having a thickness of 50 mm is attached to the outer wall and the cover, similarly to the decomposition tank 2.

On the inner bottom of the evaporation tank 3, an evaporation plate 35 made of porous ceramics is attached in parallel, and the evaporation tank 3 is provided.
The water that has flown into the cylinder moves up the evaporation plate 35 by a capillary phenomenon and is efficiently evaporated by the heat of the silicon rubber heater 5 attached to the outer surface of the bottom.

The evaporation tank 3 and the condensation tank 4 are connected by a duct 36 attached to the cover 27 of the evaporation tank 3, and a suction fan 37 is installed on the condensation tank 4 side of the duct 36.
The water vapor generated in the evaporation tank 3 is sucked into the condensation tank 4. A duct (not shown) that connects the decomposition tank 2 and the condensation tank 3 is provided, and a duct 3 that connects the decomposition tank 2 and the evaporation tank 3 is provided.
It is connected to 6. A blower fan 38 is installed on the cover 27 of the decomposition tank 2 so that the outside air is sent into the decomposition tank 2 and the steam in the decomposition tank 2 is sent to the condensing tank 4.
The evaporation of water is accelerated in the decomposition tank 2. The water vapor is sucked into the condensing tank 4 by the duct 36, cooled in the condensing tank 4 and condensed to become a liquid. It has been found that by sending the outside air into the decomposition tank 2, the efficiency of water recovery is improved and the amount of rainwater collected and supplied is small.

The condensed water is distilled water, which is clean water containing no dirt. Therefore, this water is sent to the rainwater tank 50 by a water pump (not shown) and used as the wash water for the flush toilet 1. The water supply pump is automatically operated by providing a water level sensor so that it operates when the water level in the condensing tank 4 exceeds a set value. In order to compensate for the shortage of the wash water by evaporation, a rainwater collecting device is installed in the building where the toilet is installed, solids are removed through a filter, and stored in the rainwater tank 50. If necessary, a clean water tank Water should be sent to 60. By using rainwater as wash water, it is possible to continuously operate even in a place where it is difficult to supply wash water after installing a toilet, such as in a mountain area.

[0016]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION Since sewage is purified and recovered by evaporating sewage by a heating means and returning it to a liquid in a condensing tank, there is no need for a device such as an adsorption filter for cleaning sewage, and biodegradation is possible. The entire type toilet can be made compact and can be manufactured at low cost.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a biodegradable toilet according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of a biodegradable toilet.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the biodegradable toilet.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a conventional biodegradable toilet.

FIG. 5 is a front view of a conventional flush disassembly type toilet.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 flush toilet 2 Decomposition tank 22 Stirrer 3 evaporation tanks 4 condensing tank 5 Heating device (silicon rubber heater)

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A decomposing tank, and an evaporating tank and a condensing tank that are provided in parallel with the decomposing tank. A heating device is provided in the decomposing tank and the evaporating tank so that water in the decomposing tank flows into the evaporating tank. A biodegradable toilet provided with a duct for guiding the steam generated in the evaporation tank and the decomposition tank to the condensation tank. 2. The biodegradable toilet according to claim 1, wherein the decomposition tank has a double wall structure, and a heating medium is filled between the double walls. 3. The biodegradable toilet according to claim 1, wherein the evaporation tank is provided with a porous evaporation plate. 4. The biodegradable toilet according to claim 3, wherein the evaporation plate is made of ceramics. 5. A biodegradable toilet according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the decomposition tank is provided with an outside air introducing means. 6. A water recovery method in a biodegradable toilet, wherein waste water is heated and evaporated, condensed, and reused as cleaning water.