JP2003001337A - Device for blanking - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device for blanking capable of precisely working a cut area and of maintaining an optimum clearance when a die or a punch being ground and edged by pre-blanking followed by shaving. SOLUTION: In the device for blanking a workpiece plate 3 by the motion of a first and second dies 1, 2, the first die 1 comprises a punch 16, on which a tapered portion 16a gradually tapering off toward the tip is formed, and a stopper 17 for positioning a bottom dead center of the first die 1. The second die 2 comprises the first die 21 which has an opening for pre-blanking, and a second die 22 which has an opening for finish and a taper hole 22b gradually expanding in the opening direction from the opening for finish toward its recess. The first die 21 and the second die 22 are superposed in the direction of movement of a punch 16. When the first die 1 reaches the lower dead center, a workpiece material to be worked 3 is blanked with the tip surface of the punch arranged flush with the upper surface of the second die 22 by the stopper 17.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a punching apparatus for punching a material to be processed such as a metal plate with a punch.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when a blank material such as a metal plate is punched, a working die set in a press machine is used. This processing die is roughly composed of an upper die as a first die and a lower die as a second die, and with respect to a material to be processed conveyed or placed on a die provided in the lower die, The punch provided on the upper die is moved up and down to perform punching by the shearing action of the punch and the punching hole of the die.

When a metal plate is punched into a predetermined shape by using such a processing apparatus to produce a pressed product, a droop is usually generated on the upper outer peripheral edge of the pressed product due to the toughness of the metal plate. , A shear surface appears in the middle part and a fracture surface appears in the lower part. In order to prevent the occurrence of sagging, a press process called a so-called fine blanking process in which the distance between the die and the punch is 10 μm or less is performed to make the surface of the cut surface a uniform sheared surface and the accuracy is good. It is known that pressed products can be obtained. However, the fine blanking process has a drawback that the pressing device as a whole becomes large in size and the punch and the die have a short life because a large pressing force is required.

Therefore, the first roughing process is carried out leaving a slight cutting margin (shaving margin) in advance, and then the roughened product is moved to another mold and the second finishing process is carried out. Has proposed a shaving press process. According to such a processing method, since the pressing force is dispersed twice, it is possible to perform the processing with a small pressing force, the sagging of the upper peripheral edge is eliminated, and it is possible to obtain a pressed part having a good cut surface accuracy.

However, in the above-mentioned conventional shaving method, in order to uniformly shave over the entire circumference when performing the second shaving processing after the first punching processing, the rough-cut processing product is shaving processed. Must be accurately positioned on the die for use. However, since the shaving allowance is small, it is practically difficult to perform accurate positioning, and there is a problem that the precision of the cut surface varies.

On the other hand, as a method of shaving,
A method using a progressive press machine is known. That is, first, a pilot hole is preliminarily formed in a continuous strip such as a metal plate, and the pilot material is sequentially conveyed into the progressive die with reference to the pilot hole. Next, a shaving allowance is provided on the strip material to perform a punching process of a predetermined shape.After that, the punching process part is slightly shifted and the shaving allowance is shaving with a punch and a die, and all punching is performed to complete a pressed product I am letting you. However, according to the processing method using such a progressive press machine, although the positioning accuracy is increased by the pilot hole, a region for forming the pilot hole is required. This region is a portion to be discarded later as scrap. Therefore, the provision of the pilot hole inevitably results in poor material removal, which leads to an increase in cost. Especially, when an expensive strip material is used, the effect on the cost becomes remarkable.

Further, in the conventional punching machine, when the number of punches by the punch reaches tens of thousands to several millions of shots, the tip edge of the punch and the edge of the die hole are worn. Sharpness deteriorates.
As a result, the accuracy of the shearing process when punching the material to be processed deteriorates. Therefore, conventionally, in order to recover the sharpness of the punch and the die, each blade is ground to carry out a blade attachment work for removing a worn portion.

However, when the end surface of the die is ground, since the punched hole is inclined at a predetermined angle and widened, the opening diameter of the punched hole gradually increases. On the other hand, the effective blade portion of the punch has the tip formed with a uniform width in the ascending / descending direction and the horizontal direction, so that the outer dimensions do not change even if the grinding is repeated. As a result, the clearance between the punched hole of the enlarged die and the punch gradually increases.

When the clearance is increased, as is generally known, the punched product is sagged or burred. For this reason, there arises a problem that the quality of the punched product is significantly deteriorated. Further, when the opening diameter of the punched hole becomes large, the mold is no longer usable and has to be discarded, and the mold reaches its life here. Therefore, the die must be replaced with a new die, which results in a problem that the cost of the punched product becomes high.

As described above, the clearance between the punch and the die is an important factor for the dimensional accuracy and quality of the punched product, but the cutting work for grinding the end surface of the die to restore the sharpness. If the grinding is performed, the clearance will be changed significantly, and if grinding is performed so as not to change the clearance greatly, the blade cutting work will be insufficient and it will not be possible to recover sufficient sharpness. There was a problem.

[0011]

In view of the above situation, the present invention simplifies the positioning of the material by performing the shaving process in succession to the roughing process to process the cut surface with high accuracy. In addition, the proper clearance can be maintained even if the die and punch are ground and bladed to maintain sufficient sharpness, and high-quality processed products with little sagging and burrs are obtained for a long period of time. It is to provide a punching device capable of performing.

[0012]

In order to solve the above problems, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is such that a material to be processed is sandwiched between a relatively moving first die and a second die. Then, in the processing apparatus for punching out the plate material to be processed by the operation of the first and second dies, the first die includes a punch having a tapered portion that gradually tapers toward a tip side, and the first die. A stopper for restricting the position of the punch to a predetermined position when the die reaches the bottom dead center, and the second die has a first roughing opening slightly larger than a planned finishing size. A first die; a die; a second die having a finishing opening having a size substantially equal to the planned finishing size; and a taper hole having a diameter gradually increasing from the finishing opening toward the inner side. And the second die is the movement of the punch And the punch is moved to punch the material to be processed into a predetermined shape at the roughing opening of the first die, and then the outer peripheral edge of the punched product is cut into the second die. When the first die reaches the bottom dead center by shaving to the finish size with the finishing opening, the tip end surface of the punch and the top surface of the second die are substantially flush with each other by the stopper. It is characterized in that the material to be processed is punched.

In the processing apparatus of the present invention, the first die and the second die are superposed in the same direction as the moving direction of the punch, and the punch is lowered so that the material to be processed has a predetermined shape at the roughing opening. Since it is configured to shave the outer peripheral edge of the punched product of the predetermined shape in the finishing opening to the planned finishing size, the labor required for positioning is saved, and the outer circumference of the material is surely highly accurate. Can be shaving. Further, since the pilot hole for positioning can be omitted, the amount of scrap can be reduced to the minimum. In addition, according to the punching device of the present invention, the punch is formed with the taper portion which is gradually tapered toward the tip end side, and the taper hole portion whose diameter is gradually expanded from the finishing opening portion toward the back side is formed. It is formed into two dies, and when the first die reaches the bottom dead center, the stopper is used to make the front end surface of the punch and the upper surface of the second die substantially flush with each other, and the material is punched. Therefore, when the punch and the second die are abraded by grinding these with wear, by grinding the punch, the stopper, and the tip surfaces of the second die with the same amount of grinding allowance, The initial clearance amount can be maintained. Further, by setting the grinding allowance of the punch and the stopper different from the grinding allowance of the die, it is possible to set an arbitrary clearance. Therefore, according to the punching processing apparatus, it is possible to obtain a high-quality processed product with less sagging and burrs over a long period of time.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, a chip accommodating portion for accommodating chips generated during shaving at the finishing opening is formed between the first die and the second die. It is characterized by that. With this configuration,
Since the chips generated when shaving the outer peripheral edge of the material with the finishing opening are stored in the chip storage part, chips do not enter the gap between the punch and the roughing opening, and the punch and die have a long life. be able to.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect, the second die holds the first die and the second die in a separable manner, and the first die is on the top dead center side. When moving, first
And the second die are separated from each other. With this configuration, when the first die and the second die are separated, the chips stored in the chip storage portion can be easily removed, and the chips do not accumulate in the chip storage portion.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to third aspects, the inclination angle in the taper portion of the punch and the inclination angle in the taper hole portion of the second die are set to those of the first mold. The feature is that they are formed at the same angle with respect to the moving direction. According to this configuration, the punch,
By making the grinding allowances of the stopper and the second die the same, the clearance can always be kept constant.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to fourth aspects, the roughing opening of the first die has the same inner diameter or a gradually smaller diameter toward the second die side. It is characterized in that it is formed. With this configuration, the material that has been roughly blanked by the first die along with the movement of the punch is guided by the inner wall surface of the opening portion that has the same inner diameter or gradually becomes smaller, and the finishing opening portion side of the second die. To the correct positioning of the blank with respect to the finishing opening of the second die. Therefore, by one movement of the punch, the material is shaving processed while being accurately positioned.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to fifth aspects, the distance between the first plate and the first plate, which moves to the first mold simultaneously with the punch, is variable. And a second plate that clamps the material to be processed with the first die at the time of punching by the punch, and the stopper is a minimum of the first plate and the second plate. It is characterized in that it is detachably attached at a position that regulates the interval. With this configuration, when the tip end surface of the stopper comes into contact with the first or second plate, the first die reaches the bottom dead center, and the tip end surface of the punch and the top surface of the second die are substantially flush with each other. As a result, the punching process is completed, so that the tip surface of the punch can be prevented in advance from being seized into the tapered hole portion of the second die. Further, since the stopper is detachably mounted, it is possible to easily grind the tip surface of the stopper by removing the stopper.

[0019]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of a punching machine according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a punching apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 (A) is an overall configuration, FIG. 1 (B) is a main part of a second die, and FIG. 1 (C) shows the main parts of the punch. The processing apparatus illustrated in FIG. 1 is applied to a vertically moving press machine. The processing apparatus includes an upper mold 1 corresponding to the first mold and a lower mold 2 corresponding to the second mold, and a plate-shaped workpiece 3 is sandwiched between these molds, This is an apparatus for punching the material 3 to be processed. The lower die 2 includes a second die 22 fixedly held on the upper surface of the die holder 23, a spring 24 penetrating the die holder 23 and the second die 22, and a guide support bolt 2
The first die 21 is held by 5 to be movable up and down. The first die 21 and the second die 22 are overlapped with each other in the moving direction of the punch 16, which will be described later, that is, in the up-down direction. In the state of FIG. It is separated from the second die 22 to be in a floating state.

A punching hole 20 is formed in the central portion of the lower mold 2 at a position facing the punch 16 mounted on the upper mold 1 and having an opening having substantially the same shape as the punched product.
More specifically, the first die 21 has a roughing opening 21a that is slightly larger than the planned finishing size, and the roughing opening 21a is gradually reduced in diameter toward the second die 22 side. Is formed in a tapered shape. The second die 22 has a finishing opening 22a having a size substantially equal to the planned finishing size, and a taper hole 22b whose diameter gradually increases from the finishing opening 22a toward the rear side, that is, the lower side in the drawing. is doing. This tapered hole portion 22b is shown in FIG.
As shown in (B), with respect to the moving direction of the punch 16,
For example, an acute cutting edge 22c is formed at the edge of the opening, which is inclined at an angle θ2 of 0.2 to 15 degrees. The second die 22 has an upper end surface 22e on which a cutting edge 22c is formed.
Has an effective blade portion 22d of about 3 to 5 mm in its thickness direction and is configured to maintain the sharpness of the cutting edge 22c by grinding the upper end surface 22e of the second die 22. . Then, the cutting edge 22c shaves the outer peripheral edge of the punched product, as described later.

A plurality of guide pins 28 are provided upright at predetermined positions on the die holder 23 of the lower mold 2. The guide pin 28 has a guide hole 18 formed in the upper mold 1.
The upper mold 1 and the lower mold 2 are uniquely positioned in the horizontal direction when the upper mold 1 is lowered.

On the other hand, the upper die 1 is moved up and down by a hydraulic cylinder device (not shown) or the like of the press machine, and the first plate 11 fixed to the lower surface side of the plate holder 13 and the guide support bolt 15 are provided. And the second plate 12 whose distance between the first plate 11 and the spring 14 is variably held by the spring 14 and the first plate 11 and the second plate 12, and the lower mold 2 is removed. A punch 16 provided at a position corresponding to the hole 20 and a stopper 17 detachably attached to the lower surface of the first plate 11 by a bolt or the like are provided.

As shown in FIG. 1 (C), the punch 16 is formed with a taper portion 16a which is gradually tapered toward the tip side, that is, the lower die 2 side. In this embodiment,
The inclination angle θ1 of the taper portion 16a is set to the same angle as the inclination angle θ2 of the taper hole portion 22b of the second die 22 described above. The outer shape of the tip surface 16b of the punch 16 is slightly smaller than the shape of the opening of the first die 21, and the blade portion 16c formed at the tip edge of the punch 16 and the first edge 16c are formed.
A clearance of a certain width is provided in the horizontal direction between the die 21 and the roughing opening 21. This clearance is, for example, 5 with respect to the plate thickness t of the material 3 to be processed.
It is set to a value of about%. Further, an effective blade portion 16d is provided in a predetermined region at the tip of the punch 16. Therefore, by gradually grinding the effective blade portion 16d, the tip surface 16b gradually increases in a similar shape while maintaining the sharpness of the blade portion 16c.

The upper mold 1 and the lower mold 2 are the lower mold 2
A guide post (not shown) fixed to the base plate and a guide bush (not shown) provided on the upper mold 1 so that the guide post is slidably fitted to each other so that they can be contacted and separated from each other. Guided.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial sectional view of the main parts of the upper mold 1 and the lower mold 2 according to the embodiment of the present invention. Opening 21a for roughing formed in the first die 21
Is 20 to 50 more than the planned finishing dimension w of the final product 30.
It is formed to have a large size of about μm, and its inner diameter is gradually reduced toward the lower side. When the punch 16 descends, the punch 16 opens the roughing opening 2
The aperture is formed to allow the punch 16 to enter so as not to interfere with 1a.

Further, a wedge portion 21c formed at an acute angle is formed on the entire circumference of the upper opening end of the roughening opening portion 21a, and the workpiece 3 is held together with the second plate 12 of the upper die 1. At this time, the wedge portion 21c is made to fit into the material 3 to be processed. In addition, the first die 21 is
Chip accommodating portion 21b that forms a gap between the roughing opening 21a and the second die 22 over the entire circumference of the lower opening end.
Is equipped with. The chips accommodating portion 21b accommodates chips generated in a punching process described later.

The inner diameter of the cutting edge 22c in the finishing opening 22a of the second die 22 is set to be equal to the planned finishing dimension w. It is desirable that the inner diameter of the cutting edge 22c and the outer diameter of the tip of the punch 16 be substantially equal, but in the present embodiment, the gap between them is set to 10 μm or less. Further, below the cutting edge 22c in the finishing opening 22a, a tapered hole portion 22b having a gradually increasing diameter is formed as described above.

Further, in FIG. 2, the second plate 12
Is a plate hole 1 sized to allow the punch 16 to enter.
2a and a wedge portion 12 provided in the opening on the side of the workpiece 3
b. In addition, in the present embodiment, the inner diameter of the plate hole 12a of the second plate 12 is formed in a taper shape that gradually becomes smaller as it goes downward, but it may be formed in a straight shape.

Next, a process of processing the material to be processed by using the punching device having the above structure will be described.

Returning to FIG. 1, when the upper die 1 as a whole is at the top dead center, the plate holder 13 and the first plate 1
1 is lifted by the stroke length of the upper mold 1. Further, the lower end face of the second plate 12 and the end face of the punch 16 which are urged downward by the spring 14 and the guide support bolt 15 are held at substantially the same height. On the other hand, the first die 21 of the lower mold 2 is held in a floating state, and the first die and the second plate 12 are held.
The strip-shaped material 3 to be processed is inserted between and. The material 3 to be processed is, for example, a metal plate made of a simple substance such as iron, copper or stainless steel or an alloy such as permalloy.

Next, while the upper die 1 is descending from the top dead center toward the bottom dead center, as shown in FIG. 2, a work piece is formed between the second plate 12 and the first die 21. The material 3 is sandwiched. At this time, the wedge portion 12 provided on the second plate 12
b and the wedge portion 21c provided on the first die 21 are inserted into the work material 3 at a position slightly larger than the planned finishing size w. A dimension from the outer peripheral portion of the planned finishing dimension w to the roughing opening (here, the tip end portion of the wedge portion 21c) is set as a shaving margin 32.

By lowering the first plate 11 with the workpiece 3 held between the second plate 12 and the second plate 12, the spring 14 on the upper die 1 side contracts, and the second plate 12 and the first plate 11 However, the stopper 17 attached to the first plate is not in contact with the second plate 12 at this point. The distance d1 from the tip surface 17a of the stopper 17 to the second plate 12 and the distance d1 from the tip surface of the punch 16 to the upper surface of the second die 22 have the same size. On the other hand, the spring 24 on the lower die 2 side contracts so that the first die 21 and the second die 22 are in contact with each other. From this state, the punch 16 further descends and is inserted into the punching hole 20 provided in the lower mold 2.

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view showing a state where the punch 16 descends from the state shown in FIG. That is, by lowering the punch 16 and pressing the work material 3, the work material 3 is pushed into the roughing opening 21 a of the first die 21. At this time, the wedge portion 21c formed on the first die 21 causes a crack in the material 3 to be processed, and shearing starts. After that, when the punch 16 further descends, the primary processed product 31 is cut from the material 3 to be processed, following the shape of the rough opening 21a. A slight sag 31a is generated on the outer peripheral edge of the primary processed product 31, and a sheared surface 31b is formed from the sag 31a to the vicinity of the intermediate portion. Further, a fracture surface 31c is formed above the shear surface 31b, and the primary processed product 31 has a planned finish dimension w on the outer peripheral portion.
A shaving allowance 32 having a larger size than that is left.

Further, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the roughing opening 21a of the first die 21 is formed so that its diameter gradually becomes smaller as it goes downward, so that the primary processed product 31 is The outer peripheral surface is pushed down while slidingly contacting the inner peripheral surface of the first die 21, and is inevitably positioned with respect to the finishing opening 22a of the second die 22 prepared below the first die 21. To go.

At the time shown in FIG. 3, the punch 1
The stopper 17 that descends at the same time as 6 is still the second
It does not regulate the lowering of the punch 16 that abuts against the plate 12.

In FIG. 4, the primary processed product 31 is attached to the second die 22.
It is the elements on larger scale which showed the process of shaving by. The inner diameter of the upper opening end of the finishing opening 22a of the second die 22 is formed so as to match the planned finishing dimension w, and the clearance with the outer peripheral surface of the punch 16 is 10 μm.
It is set below. Therefore, when the primary processed product 31 is pushed down by the punch 16 while passing through the second die 22, the shaving allowance 32 provided on the outer peripheral portion of the primary processed product 31 causes the blade portion 22c of the finishing opening 22a.
To be excised by. In addition, since the shaving margin 32 is small during this shaving process, new sagging hardly occurs. The finishing opening 22a is formed with the tapered hole 22b such that the diameter gradually increases from the upper end side to the lower end, so that the edge has an acute angle and the shaving process can be efficiently performed. While you can
The final product can be smoothly discharged from below the second die 22.

A notch is provided in advance at the lower opening end of the first die 21, and an annular space is formed between the first die 21 and the upper end surface of the second die 22. This void is used by the second die 2
2 is a chip housing portion 21b for housing chips 32 'generated when the shaving process is performed in 2. Chip storage part 21
The size of b is the chips 3 generated by one shaving process.
Any size may be used as long as it can accommodate 2 ', and can be set to an appropriate size. In addition, by providing the chip accommodating portion 21b, the chips 32 'can be separated from the punch 16 and the first die 2.
It is to prevent the entry between the first and the second.

In the state of FIG. 4, the first plate 11
The stopper 17 (not shown) attached to the second plate 12 is not yet in contact with the second plate 12. That is, in this embodiment, the distance d1 from the tip surface 17a of the stopper 17 to the second plate 12 and the distance d2 from the tip surface of the punch 16 to the upper surface of the second die 22 have the same dimension. , The tip surface of the punch 16 is not flush with the upper surface of the second die 22.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a state in which the upper die 1 of the punching apparatus according to this embodiment has reached the bottom dead center. When the punch 16 further descends from the state shown in FIG. 4, the tip 17a of the stopper 17 contacts the upper surface of the second plate 12 and the upper die 1 reaches the bottom dead center, as shown in FIG. The tip surface 1 of the punch 16 at this bottom dead center
6b and the upper surface 22e of the second die 22 are substantially on the same plane, and the material 3 to be processed is punched into a predetermined shape according to the finished dimension. In the present apparatus, the stopper 17 causes the second plate 12 to move when the tip surface 16b of the punch 16 and the upper surface 22e of the second die 22 are substantially on the same virtual plane.
When the punch 16 is at the bottom dead center, the tip surface 16b of the punch 16 is in contact with the finishing opening 22a of the second die 22.
It does not enter inside. Therefore, the punch 16 and the second die 22 do not interfere with each other, and the so-called galling phenomenon can be prevented.

The punch 16 for punching described above
By the action of lowering once, the raw material (primary processed product) that has been subjected to the rough cutting by the first die 21 is accurately positioned through the rough cutting opening portion 21a where the diameter becomes gradually smaller.
To the die 22 side, and then the outer peripheral edge of the primary processed product is shaving processed by the finishing opening 22a of the second die 22. As a result, even if no special positioning means is provided, the material can be continuously processed in the accurately positioned state, and furthermore, the cut surface can be finished with high accuracy without sagging. Further, since the pilot hole for positioning is unnecessary, the amount of scrap can be suppressed to the minimum.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the upper die 1 is headed toward the top dead center again after the punching process described above is completed. In FIG. 6, when the first die 21 and the second die 22 are separated from each other by the urging force of the spring 24, the chips 32 'stored in the chip storage portion 21b are released from the chip storage portion 21b. . At this point, the chips 32 'are removed by, for example, blowing air. Therefore, in the next punching process, the chip storage portion 21b
Chips 32 'have been removed into the punch 16 and the first die 2
There is no entry between 1 and. Then, after the upper die 1 reaches the top dead center, the punching operation described above is repeated again.

By repeating the punching process as described above for several hundred thousand to several million shots, the punch 16 is punched.
The blade portion 16c and the cutting edge 22c of the second die 22 are worn. Therefore, in order to recover the sharpness, it is necessary to grind each of the tip surfaces 16b and 22e and perform blade attachment to remove a worn portion. In the present embodiment, the tip surface 16b of the punch 16 and the end surface 17a of the stopper 17 are ground with the same grinding amount. In the grinding work, the stopper 17 and the punch 16 which are detachably attached may be removed and both end surfaces may be ground at the same time with the end surfaces set on the same surface, or both may be ground individually by the same amount. Is also good.

On the other hand, it is preferable that the upper surface 21e of the second die 21 is ground by the same thickness as the punch 16 and the stopper 17. As shown in FIGS. 1B and 1C, this is the inclination angle θ of the taper portion 16 a of the punch 16.
1 and the inclination angle θ2 of the inner wall surface of the taper hole portion 22b of the second die 22 are formed at substantially the same angle, the upper surface 22e of the second die 22 and the tip surfaces of the punch 16 and the stopper 17 are made the same. This is because the horizontal clearance between the punch 16 and the second die 22 does not change if the amount of grinding is increased.

For example, the inclination angles θ1 and θ2 are both set to 1
5 minutes (0.25 degrees), punch 16, stopper 1
7 and 2.0 mm for each end face of the second die 22
When ground, the opening of the tapered hole portion 22b of the second die 22 expands in the horizontal direction by about 8.7 μm over the entire circumference. However, since the tapered portion 16a of the punch 16 also expands in the horizontal direction by about 8.7 μm, the clearance g between the punch 16 and the second die 22 does not substantially change. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the clearance g does not increase even if grinding for the purpose of blade attachment is performed, and the punch 16 and the second die 2 are
By making good use of the regions of the second effective blade portions 16d and 22d, it is possible to perform a punching process on a good quality product up to the life of the die. Even if the grinding is repeated until the life of the die, it is necessary to set the dimensions of the product so as not to be out of the allowable range.

FIG. 7 is a half sectional view of a punching device showing another embodiment according to the present invention. This embodiment is different from the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in that two dies that perform the function of the first die are stacked.
For convenience, reference numeral 210 is the first die, reference numeral 230 is the third die, and the other structures are the same, so the same symbols are given and their explanations are omitted.

In FIG. 7, the first die 210 and the third die 230 are provided with roughing openings 211 and 231 each having a size slightly larger than the size to be finished. Further, the rough cutting opening 231 of the third die 230 is similar to the rough cutting opening 211 of the first die 210.
It is formed to have a size slightly smaller than that. The second die is fixedly attached to the die holder 23, and has a smaller size than the roughing opening 231 of the third die 230 and a finishing opening 22a having a size substantially equal to the size to be lowered.
And a tapered hole portion 22b whose diameter gradually increases from the finishing opening portion 22a toward the inner side. A first chip storage portion 212 is provided on the outlet side of the first die 210, and a second chip storage portion 232 is provided on the outlet side of the third die 230. In addition, the first die 2
10 and the third die 230 are held so as to be separated from the second die 22 independently of each other by the first urging means 26 and the second urging means 27, which are springs and guide support bolts, respectively. There is.

The punch 1 has a tapered portion 16a formed in the central portion of the first die 1 so that the taper portion 16a is gradually tapered toward the tip side.
6 is fixed, and the first plate 11 is provided with a stopper 17 protruding toward the second plate 12 side.
The stopper 17 has a first plate so that the tip surface 16b of the punch 16 and the top surface 22e of the second die 22 are substantially flush with each other when the first die 1 reaches the bottom dead center. The distance between 11 and the second plate 12 is regulated.

Next, a process of processing the material 3 to be processed by using the punching device having the above structure will be described.

As the punch 16 descends, first, the workpiece 3 is punched by the roughing opening 211 of the first die 210 to a size slightly larger than the size to be finished. At this time, a sag, a sheared surface, and a fractured surface are formed on the outer peripheral edge of the stamped primary processed product (not shown). Next, when the primary processed product is pushed by the punch 16 and passes through the rough cutting opening 231 of the third die 230, the outer peripheral portion is cut off at the edge of the rough cutting opening 231, and the secondary processed product is obtained. (Not shown) is formed. Since the amount of cutting at this time is small, almost no sagging occurs on the outer peripheral edge of the secondary processed product, and most of the outer peripheral surface has a sheared surface. In addition,
The chips generated at this time are stored in the chip storage portion 212.

Further, when the punch 16 continues to descend, the outer peripheral portion of the secondary processed product is shaving processed in the finishing opening 22a of the second die 22, and the final product 30 is obtained.
Is completed. At this time, since the secondary processed product is processed with the third die 230 with a high degree of accuracy, it is processed with extremely high accuracy during the shaving process. Therefore, the outer surface of the final product 30 is a side surface that is substantially perpendicular to both end surfaces, and the peripheral edge does not sag.

When the upper die 1 descends and reaches the bottom dead center, the stopper 17 comes into contact with the second plate 12, and the tip surface 16b of the punch 16 and the upper surface 22e of the second die 22 are separated from each other. Almost on the same plane. Therefore, the punch 16 does not enter the opening of the second die 22 any more, and the galling phenomenon can be prevented in advance.

The chips generated during the shaving process are stored in the chip storage portion 232. Then, as the punch 16 and the upper die 1 rise, the first die 210, the third die 230, and the second die 22 are respectively urged by the urging means 2.
6, 27 separate. At this point, the chip storage unit 2
The chips accumulated in 12,232 are removed by air or the like. As a result, high-precision punching can be repeated.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the punch 16
When the blades are ground by grinding these with the wear of the second die 22 or the second die 22, the punch 16, the stopper 17, and the tip surfaces of the second die are ground with the same amount of grinding allowance. The amount of clearance can be maintained.
Also, the grinding allowance of the punch 16 and the stopper 17 and the second
By changing the grinding allowance of the die 22, the clearance can be set arbitrarily. Therefore, according to the punching processing apparatus, it is possible to obtain a high-quality processed product with less sagging and burrs for a long period of time.

Although the present invention has been specifically described based on the embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and it goes without saying that various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. . For example, in the above embodiment, the stopper 17 is attached to the first plate 11,
Although the tip surface 17a is brought into contact with the second plate 12 to regulate the position of the punch 16 at the bottom dead center, it is not always necessary to mount the punch 16 on the first plate 11, and the punch 16 may be attached to the first plate 11 side. It may be attached to the second plate 12 so as to project, or may be attached to the plate holder 13.

Also, the roughing opening 2 of the first die 21 is used.
Although the wedge portions 21c and 12b are provided on the inlet side of 1a and the outlet side of the opening of the second plate 12, respectively, the wedge portions 21c and 12b are not necessarily provided. Further, it may be provided on only one side. Further, the roughing opening 21a of the first die 21 may be formed in a straight shape as long as the punch 16 is allowed to enter.

Although each of the above-described embodiments has been shown as an example applied to a vertically moving press machine, it may be applied to other forms such as a movable part such as a punch moving left and right, and a posture difference. Of course, the moving method is not limited.

[0058]

As described above, in the punching apparatus according to the present invention, the first die and the second die are superposed in the same direction as the moving direction of the punch, and the punch is lowered to be processed. Since the material is punched into a predetermined shape at the roughing opening and then the outer peripheral edge of the punched product having the predetermined shape is continuously shaving to the planned finishing dimension at the finishing opening, the labor required for positioning is saved. Moreover, it is possible to shave the outer periphery of the material with high accuracy. Further, since the pilot hole for positioning can be omitted, the amount of scrap can be reduced to the minimum. In addition, according to the punching device of the present invention,
A taper portion is formed on the punch that tapers gradually toward the tip side, and a taper hole portion whose diameter gradually increases from the finishing opening toward the back side is formed on the second die.
When the die reaches the bottom dead center, the stopper makes the tip surface of the punch and the upper surface of the second die substantially flush with each other.
Since the material is punched, if the punch and the second die are worn and bladed by grinding these, the punch, stopper, and the second die each have the same tip surface. The initial clearance amount can be maintained by grinding with the grinding allowance. Further, by setting the grinding allowance of the punch and the stopper different from the grinding allowance of the die, it is possible to set an arbitrary clearance. Therefore, according to the punching processing apparatus, it is possible to obtain a high-quality processed product with less sagging and burrs for a long period of time.

Further, by forming a chip accommodating portion for accommodating chips generated during shaving at the finishing opening between the first die and the second die, the chips are separated from the punch and the first die. Of the punch and the die can be extended.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a punching apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the middle of the operation of the punching device according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an intermediate operation of the punching device according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a bottom dead center state of the punching device according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a half cross-sectional view showing the middle of the operation of the punching device according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a half cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the punching device according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 1st mold (upper mold) 2 Second mold (upper mold) 3 Material to be processed 11 First Plate 12 Second plate 16 punch 16a Punch taper 21 first die 21a Roughing opening 21b Chip storage 22 second die 22a Finishing opening 22b Tapered hole w Planned dimensions

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A processing apparatus for sandwiching a material to be processed between a relatively moving first die and a second die, and punching out the plate material by the operation of the first and second dies. The first die includes a punch having a tapered portion that gradually tapers toward the tip side, and a stopper that regulates the position of the punch to a predetermined position when the first die reaches bottom dead center. The second die comprises a first die having a roughing opening slightly larger than a planned finishing dimension, a finishing opening having a dimension substantially equal to the planned finishing dimension, and the finishing opening. A second die having a tapered hole portion whose diameter gradually increases from the inner side to the inner side, wherein the first die and the second die are stacked in the same direction as the moving direction of the punch, The punch is moved to move the work piece to the first die. After punching into a predetermined shape at the roughing opening of (1), the outer peripheral edge of the punched product is shaving to the finishing dimension by the finishing opening of the second die, and the first die is brought to the bottom dead center. When reaching, the punching device is characterized in that the stopper makes the tip end surface of the punch and the upper surface of the second die substantially flush with each other to punch the material to be processed. 2. A chip accommodating part for accommodating chips generated when shaving at the finishing opening is formed between the first die and the second die. The punching machine described. 3. The second die holds the first die and the second die in a separable manner, and the first die moves to the top dead center side when the first die moves to the top dead center side. The punching device according to claim 2, wherein the die and the second die are separated from each other. 4. The taper portion of the punch and the taper hole portion of the second die have the same inclination angle with respect to the moving direction of the first die. The punching device according to claim 1. 5. The roughing opening of the first die is formed so as to have the same inner diameter or gradually smaller toward the second die side. The punching device according to claim 4. 6. The first die is attached such that a distance between the first plate that moves at the same time as the punch and the first plate is variable, and the first work piece is processed by punching the material to be processed. A second plate sandwiched between the first die and the first die, and the stopper is detachably mounted at a position that restricts a minimum distance between the first plate and the second plate. The punching device according to any one of claims 1 to 5.